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高效反硝化菌和包埋填料性能及微生物群落分析
摘要点击 1601  全文点击 504  投稿时间:2017-01-08  修订日期:2017-03-15
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中文关键词  高效反硝化细菌  包埋填料  性能  群落组成  扫描电镜
英文关键词  high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria  embedding filler  performance  microflora  scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
作者单位E-mail
孟婷 北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100124 mengting2@yeah.net 
杨宏 北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100124 yhong@bjut.edu.cn 
中文摘要
      为考察高效反硝化细菌及其包埋填料对低温、低底物浓度的适应性和恢复性,实验采用2个条件(适宜、不利)、3个阶段(D1、D2、D3),探究二者的反硝化能力,即:将初始适宜条件下培养的高效反硝化细菌[300 mg·(L·h)-1]置于不利条件下运行(D1),反硝化性能稳定后将其包埋,仍置于不利条件下运行(D2),90 d后恢复到适宜条件(D3). 结果表明分别经过17 d和16 d的运行,反硝化细菌和包埋填料在D1、D2阶段的速率最终稳定在5.4 mg·(L·h)-1、4.8 mg·(L·h)-1,说明细菌及其包埋填料能够适应低温、低底物的不利条件;在D3阶段发现,经过12 d运行填料的反硝化速率就可达到300 mg·(L·h)-1,表明其具有快速的自我恢复能力. 利用扫描电镜分析包埋填料的内外结构,发现其内外结构均利于细菌生长代谢和传质. 高通量测序分析结果表明,D2阶段的优势菌属仍为具有反硝化功能的PseudomonasThaueraGelidibacter,因而证明了细菌在不利条件的适应性;D3阶段包埋填料的优势菌属ThaueraPetrimonasPseudomonas,与初始适宜条件下培养的高效反硝化细菌的优势菌属完全相同,这也充分证明了细菌包埋填料具有良好的恢复能力.
英文摘要
      In order to study adaptability and recovery capability of high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria and their embedding filler to low temperature and low substrate concentration, a test was performed under two conditions (favorable and unfavorable) and three stages (D1, D2, and D3) to explore the denitrifying capability of the bacteria. The favorable condition was a reacting temperature of 30℃, a nitrate concentration of 300 mg·L-1, and a C/N ratio of 10; and the unfavorable condition was a reacting temperature of 4℃, a nitrate concentration of 30 mg·L-1, and a C/N ratio of 5. In stage D1, high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria [300 mg·(L·h)-1], which were cultured at favorable condition, were placed under the unfavorable condition. In stage D2, the bacteria were embedded after the denitrifying performance was stable, and then this embedded filler was placed under the unfavorable condition and recovered in the favorable condition (D3) after 90 days. The results show that the denitrification rates of stages D1 and D2 finally stabilized at 5.4 mg·(L·h)-1 and 4.8 mg·(L·h)-1, respectively, after operation for 17 d and 16 d, indicating that the bacteria and their embedding filler adapted to the unfavorable conditions of low temperature and low substrate concentration. In stage D3, the denitrifying rate of the filler reached 300 mg·(L·h)-1 after operation for only 12 d, indicating that the filler had rapid self-recovery capability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to analyze the internal and external structures of the embedding filler and it was determined that both the internal and external structures were favorable for bacterial growth metabolism and mass transfer. The high-throughput sequencing analysis results show that the dominant genera in stage D2 were still Pseudomonas, Thauera, and Gelidibacter, which have denitrifying functions, thereby indicating adaptability of the bacteria under the unfavorable condition. The dominant genera Thauera, Petrimonas, and Pseudomonas of the embedding filler in stage D3 were identical to the dominant genera of the high-efficiency denitrifying bacteria cultured under the initial favorable condition, which also showed that the bacteria embedding filler had good recovery capability.

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