| 北京和保定地区大气细颗粒物中可培养细菌的种群特征 |
| 摘要点击 1811 全文点击 865 投稿时间：2016-03-30 修订日期：2016-11-04 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 大气细颗粒物 可培养细菌 孢子 气团输送 相关性 |
| 英文关键词 PM2.5 cultivable bacteria spore air mass transportation correlation |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 在北京城区和河北省保定郊区（望都），于2015年1月10~17日雾-霾时期，使用大气颗粒物采样器收集大气细颗粒物（PM2.5），比较了两地雾-霾时期PM2.5中可培养细菌的种群结构特征异同；使用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）观察PM2.5颗粒形态，利用后向轨迹模型NOAA/ARL HYSPLIT-4分析北京城区和保定郊区气团输送来源，采用离子色谱仪、流动分析仪和ICP-MS仪器监测PM2.5中主要水溶性离子和重金属元素含量.结果表明，北京城区和保定郊区分离得到的PM2.5可培养细菌为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和α-变形菌门（α-Proteobacteria）三大菌门，其中厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）为优势菌门；分离纯化鉴定出17种细菌，革兰氏阳性菌占90%以上；优势菌属为产芽孢的芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus），分别占北京城区（RCEES）和保定郊区（WD）PM2.5样品中可培养细菌百分比的68.15%和75%.北京城区和保定郊区PM2.5中可培养细菌种群结构特征可能受到PM2.5理化性质和气团传输的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Fine particles(PM2.5) collected by two middle volume air samplers in the suburbs of Baoding and the urban area of Beijing during Jan 10th to 17th, 2015, were used to compare the community characteristics of cultivable bacteria in the two sites. In this study, we observed the particle morphology of PM2.5 using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), analyzed the air mass transportation source of the two sampling sites by the NOAA/ARL HYSPLIT-4 backward trajectory model, and measured the concentrations of the major water-soluble ions and heavy metal elements in the PM2.5 samples using ion chromatography, continuous flow analyzer and ICP-MS. The results indicated that, the cultivable bacteria of PM2.5 contained three phyla, which were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and α-Proteobacteria. Nine genera and 17 species of cultivable airborne bacteria were isolated and identified. The most abundant phylum was Firmicutes. The Gram-positive bacteria accounted for more than 90%. The spore-forming Bacillus which was the dominant species contributed 68.15% and 75% to the total bacteria in urban Beijing and the suburbs of Baoding, respectively. The difference in the community structure of PM2.5's cultivable bacteria in the two sampling areas may be affected by PM2.5's physical and chemical properties and air mass transportation. |
|
|
|
