| 秸秆/生物炭施用对关中地区小麦-玉米轮作系统净增温潜势影响的对比分析 |
| 摘要点击 2193 全文点击 0 投稿时间：2016-07-11 修订日期：2016-09-14 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 小麦-玉米轮作 小麦秸秆 生物质炭 温室气体排放 土壤有机碳 净增温潜势 |
| 英文关键词 wheat-maize rotation system wheat straw wheat straw-detived biochar greenhouse gas emission soil organic carbon net global warming potential |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 成功 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100
农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | chenggo103@126.com | | 陈静 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100
农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 刘晶晶 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 张阿凤 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100
农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | zhangafeng@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | 王旭东 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100
农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | wangxudong01@126.com | | 冯浩 | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌 712100 | | | 赵英 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 | |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 为探讨秸秆、生物质炭施用对小麦-玉米轮作系统固碳减排效应，利用静态暗箱-气相色谱原位监测小麦-玉米轮作系统条件下秸秆、生物质炭施用对土壤CO2、CH4和N2O 3种温室气体排放、作物产量、土壤有机碳以及净增温潜势的影响.试验处理设置为：空白对照（CK）、常规施肥（F）、施肥并施用8 t·hm-2秸秆（FS）、施肥并施用8 t·hm-2生物质炭（FBlow）和施肥并施用16 t·hm-2生物质炭（FBhigh）共5个处理.结果表明：与F处理相比，FS、FBlow及FBhigh处理下小麦产量分别提高了30.9%、66.3%和36.6%；对于玉米产量而言，FS，CK及FBhigh处理下玉米产量分别降低了14.1%、18.0%和24.6%，但是FBlow处理下对玉米产量没有显著性的影响.与F处理相比，FS处理下土壤CO2的年排放总量增加了60.2%，但是FBhigh处理下土壤CO2的年排放总量减低了14.4%；生物质炭的施用降低了土壤N2O的排放，与F处理相比，FBlow和FBhigh处理下分别减低了27.6%和38.7%，而秸秆的施用对N2O的排放没有显著性的影响.总的来说，与F处理相比，FBlow和FBhigh处理下净增温潜势分别降低了24.13和58.44 t·hm-2，单位产量的净综合增温潜势分别降低了1.78和5.06 t·t-1.综上所述，对于小麦-玉米轮作体系而言，施用16 t·hm-2生物质炭可作为一种提高作物产量并降低净增温潜势的良好措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to compare the differences in carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation between straw and straw-derived biochar amendment, a field experiment was conducted with simultaneous measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, crop yield, soil organic carbon (SOC) content and net global warming potential (NGWP) in a wheat-maize rotation cropping system from the loess plateau of China. Five treatments were included:control (no straw incorporation, no straw-derived biochar amendment and no fertilization, CK), fertilization (no straw incorporation and no straw-derived biochar amendment, F), straw with fertilization (wheat straw incorporated at 8 t·hm-2, FS), low straw-derived biochar (8 t·hm-2) with fertilization (FBlow) and high straw-derived biochar (16 t·hm-2) with fertilization (FBhigh). Wheat yield increased by 30.9%, 66.3% and 36.6% under FS, FBlow and FBhigh treatment, as compared to the F treatment, respectively. However, maize yield decreased by 14.1%, 18.0% and 24.6% under FS, CK and FBhigh treatment as compared to the F treatment, respectively. There was no significant difference between FBlow and F treatment. Annual CO2 emission increased by 60.2% under FS treatment, but decreased by 14.4% under FBhigh treatment as compared to the F treatment, respectively. Annual N2O emission decreased by 27.6% and 38.7% under FBlow and FBhigh treatment as compared to the F treatment, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed under straw application. Overall, the NGWP decreased by 24.13 and 58.44 t·hm-2 under FBlow and FBhigh treatment as compared to the F treatment, respectively. And the NGHGI decreased by 1.78 and 5.06 t·t-1 under FBlow and FBhigh treatment as compared to the F treatment, respectively. In summary, we conclude that the fertilization with 16 t·hm-2 biochar amendment can be used as an effective management to improve the crop yield and reduce the net global warming potential under the wheat-maize rotation system. |
|
|
|
