| 丰水期洪湖水质空间变异特征及驱动力分析 |
| 摘要点击 4822 全文点击 2608 投稿时间：2014-09-12 修订日期：2014-11-20 |
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| 中文关键词 洪湖 丰水期 GIS 空间异质性 水质参数 |
| 英文关键词 Honghu Lake high water-level period GIS spatial distribution characteristics water quality parameters |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过对丰水期不同程度富营养化的洪湖全湖139个监测点位的高密度采样分析,采用GIS空间插值技术得到洪湖水体中各污染因子、水生植物生物量和水质类别的空间分布特征图. 结果表明,丰水期TN、TP、NH4+-N、高锰酸盐指数的质量浓度总体上呈现出自南向北逐步增高的变化趋势: 北部河流入湖区>围网养殖区>开阔水体>保护区>南部长江入湖区; 水质参数的贡献率依次为TN>TP>高锰酸盐指数>NH4+-N>DO. 受工农业废水、生活污水、饵料投放、水生植物、水体交换等因素的影响,TN在丰水期超过目标水质59%,TP超标35.2%,高锰酸盐指数超标13.7%,NH4+-N超标4.3%,综合水质超标66.2%. 在季风等环境因子的影响下水体中的DO达到水质目标. 通过水质空间变异性分析,能直观反映人类活动、土地利用类型和环境因子之间相互作用对洪湖水环境产生的巨大影响. 为了使洪湖水环境更有利于人们的生产和生活,应大力控制北部区域工农业废水和生活污水的排放,控制养殖面积,逐步恢复洪湖水体自净能力,实现洪湖水环境生态的可持续发展. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on the high-density analysis of 139 monitoring points and samples in water of honghu lake with different degrees of eutrophication during the high water-level period, we could get the figures of spatial variability characteristics of pollution factors, the biomass of aquatic plants and water quality in Honghu Lake using the GIS interpolation methods. The result showed that the concentrations of TN,TP,NH4+-N,permanganate index gradually increased from south to north during this period, the trend of water pollution degree in Honghu Lake was the region of inflowing rivers>enclosure culture area>open water area>the lake protection area>region of the Yangtze river into the lake; and the contribution rate of water quality parameters was in the order of TN>TP>permanganate index>NH4+-N>DO; under the influence of industrial sewage, agricultural sewage, domestic sewage,bait,aquatic plants and water exchange, 59% of TN, 35.2% of TP, 13.7% of permanganate index,4.3% of NH4+-N exceeded the water quality targets, respectively, accordingly, 66.2% of the water quality also exceeded the water quality target. Nonetheless, DO reached the water quality target due to the influences of monsoon climate and other environment factors. The spatial variation analysis could directly reflect the mutual interaction among human activity, land-use types and environment factors which had an enormous impact on Honghu Lake water environment. In order to ensure that the lake water environment is beneficial for human productions and livings, it is necessary for us to control the discharge of industrial sewage, agricultural sewage and domestic sewage, as well as the expanding area of aquaculture, all the above measures would be significant for gradually resuming the self-purification capacity of water body and finally achieving the ecological sustainable development of Honghu Lake water environment. |
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