| 利用SPAMS研究上海秋季气溶胶污染过程中颗粒物的老化与混合状态 |
| 摘要点击 4356 全文点击 1515 投稿时间：2012-09-06 修订日期：2012-10-29 |
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| 中文关键词 灰霾 单颗粒 化学组成 混合状态 单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱 |
| 英文关键词 haze single particle chemical component mixing state SPAMS |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 牟莹莹 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233
华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海 200237 | mu_ying8869@126.com | | 楼晟荣 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 陈长虹 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | chench@saes.sh.cn | | 周敏 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 王红丽 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 周振 | 上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海 200444 | | | 乔利平 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 黄成 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 李梅 | 上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海 200444 | | | 李莉 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 王倩 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 黄海英 | 上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233 | | | 邹兰军 | 上海市中心气象台,上海 200030 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱(SPAMS)于2011年11月11~18日在上海测量了气溶胶高污染过程中200 nm~2.0 μm气溶胶的粒径谱及其化学组成. 对气溶胶粒子的分类结果发现,灰霾天期间大气中主要存在OCEC、METAL、EC、SECONDARY 和K-Na等5种气溶胶粒子,其粒子数分别占总数的27.4%、3.4%、7.3%、45.6%和5.4%,二次污染显著. 观测得到的5类气溶胶颗粒中都包含18 NH4+、80 SO3-、96 SO4-、97 HSO4-、46 NO2-、62 NO3-、125 H(NO3)2-等二次组分,说明灰霾天期间这些颗粒都经历了不同的二次过程或与二次组分进行了不同程度的混合,且随着灰霾的生成和发展,气溶胶不断老化,二次气溶胶粒子的信号迅速增强. OCEC粒子中97 HSO4-的信号较强,说明SO2可能在气溶胶表面发生多相反应,同时因有机物的存在对气态硫酸参与气溶胶成核和增长起了重要作用,尤其是在严重污染的条件下,气态硫酸和有机蒸气相互作用可能加速了硫酸-有机颗粒物的形成. 从气溶胶类型的谱分布可以发现,新鲜的EC气溶胶粒子排入大气后,其表面会不断附着18 NH4+、80 SO3-、96 SO4-、97 HSO4-、46 NO2-、62 NO3-、125 H(NO3)2-等二次组分,EC颗粒在老化的过程中其类型逐步由EC气溶胶演变成二次气溶胶粒子. 来自海洋的暖湿气流除了形成降水对气溶胶形成冲刷作用,使得二次气溶胶粒子和OCEC气溶胶粒子数明显降低以外,也将有机胺带入内陆,在清洁天气溶胶粒子中形成Amine粒子. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was applied to characterize the size distribution (200 nm-2.0 μm) and chemical compositions of ambient particles during a polluted event from 11th to 18th, November 2011. OCEC, METAL, EC, SECONDARY and K-Na types of particulates were the dominant groups observed in hazy day period, which were 27.4%, 3.4%, 7.3%, 45.6% and 5.4% of the overall measured particles, respectively. The observed five types of particles contained the secondary composition such as18 NH4+, 80 SO3-, 96 SO4-, 97 HSO4-, 46 NO2-, 62 NO3- and 125 H(NO3)-, showing that they probably went through different aging processes, and the increasing of the SECONDARY particles during the event clearly indicated a secondary aerosol pollution. Heterogeneous reactions of SO2 and particles could be the reason of strong 97 HSO4- signals in the mass spectrums of OCEC type particles while the existence of organic compounds might have an important influence on the aerosol formation with the gas-phase sulfuric acid. Fresh EC particles in the environment tended to be aging with above-mentioned secondary ions by the analysis of particle size distribution and eventually lead to a particle type conversion from EC to SECONDARY. Organic amine in marine environment was brought to the land by the warm, moist marine air mass that dramatically removed atmospheric SECONDARY and OCEC particles from the air with a heavy rain and leading to the observation of amine particles in the clean day period. |
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