| 竺山湾重金属污染底泥环保疏浚深度的推算 |
| 摘要点击 4512 全文点击 2123 投稿时间：2011-05-15 修订日期：2011-09-07 |
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| 中文关键词 竺山湾 重金属 生态风险 环保疏浚 评估 深度 |
| 英文关键词 Zhushan Bay heavy metals ecological risk environmental protection dredging assessment depth |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 调查了太湖竺山湾表层底泥重金属水平空间分布特征,在重金属污染区域采集底泥柱状样,并将样品由上至下依次分为氧化层(A)、污染层(B)、污染过渡上层(C1)、污染过渡下层(C2)和正常湖泥层(D);测定并分析了各分层底泥中重金属(Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Hg、Pb)总量及生物可利用性形态含量随深度的变化趋势;利用潜在生态风险指数法对底泥中的重金属进行生态风险评估;最后,结合拐点法推算出底泥环保疏浚深度.结果表明,竺山湾表层底泥中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg、Pb的含量分别为30.56~216.58、24.07~59.95、16.71~140.30、84.31~193.43、3.39~22.30、0.37~1.59、0.00~0.80和9.67~99.35 mg·kg-1,平均含量分别为79.74、37.74、44.83、122.39、10.39、0.77、0.14和40.08 mg·kg-1,主要分布在太湖西岸及太滆运河、殷村港和环山河入湖河口处,其中Cd污染相对严重;底泥中重金属存在累积效应,其生物可利用性随底泥深度的增大而减小;氧化层和污染层中Cd生态风险等级为高风险,其余各分层底泥中重金属的综合潜在生态风险等级为中低风险;环保疏浚层为氧化层和污染层,疏浚平均深度为0.39 m. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Horizontal distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of Zhushan Bay was investigated, and core sediment samples were collected in the representative area. Core sediments were divided into oxide layer(A), polluted layer(B), upper polluted transition layer(C1),lower polluted transition layer(C2) and normal mud layer(D) from top to bottom. The change of total contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb and contents of biological available Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb with depths were analyzed. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments was done by potential ecological risk index method. At last, environmental dredging depth was calculated. The results shows that the contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb are 30.56-216.58, 24.07-59.95, 16.71-140.30,84.31-193.43,3.39-22.30,0.37-1.59,0.00-0.80 and 9.67-99.35 mg·kg-1, respectively. The average concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb are 79.74, 37.74, 44.83, 122.39, 10.39, 0.77, 0.14 and 40.08 mg·kg-1, respectively.Heavy metals in the surface sediments of Zhushan Bay mainly distribute in the west bank and the estuaries of Taige canal, Yincun Port, and Huanshan River,and Cd pollution is relatively serious. There is an accumulative effect of heavy metals in Zhushan Bay, and the contents of biological available metals decrease with depths. Ecological risk grades of Cd in layer A and B are high, and the comprehensive potential ecological risk grades of each layer are in middle or low. The environmental dredging layers are A and B, and the average dredging depth is 0.39 m. |
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