| 西南喀斯特农村降水化学研究：以贵州普定为例 |
| 摘要点击 3800 全文点击 2654 投稿时间：2010-02-18 修订日期：2010-07-08 |
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| 中文关键词 喀斯特 农村地区 降水 水化学 来源分析 贵州 |
| 英文关键词 karst rural area precipitation chemical composition source Guizhou Province |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 对我国西南喀斯特地区农村（普定）2008年的降水样品化学组成研究表明，该区降水pH值在4.6～7.1之间，加权平均值为5.7.Ca2+是主要的阳离子，雨量加权平均浓度为303.2 μeq·L-1 占阳离子总数的34%～88%；SO2-4和NO-3是主要的阴离子，雨量加权平均浓度分别为281.2 μeq·L-1、 69.9 μeq·L-1，两者占阴离子总量的63%～93%.对主要离子相关性以及相对酸度（FA）和中和因子（NF）以及离子相关性研究表明，导致降水pH值偏高的原因是大量碱性离子输入的中和效应.对主要离子来源分析表明，Ca2+主要为陆源输入，如岩石/土壤风化，人为活动等；NH+4、K+主要是土壤和人为活动的输入；而SO2-4和NO-3则主要来源于人为活动的输入. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Rainwater samples of a karst rural site in Puding County, Guizhou Province, China over a period of one year （2008）were collected and the major ion concentrations were measured. The pH of samples varied from 4.6 to 7.1 and volume-weighted mean was 5.7. Ca2+ was the dominant cation in rainwater and volume-weighted mean was 303.2 μeq·L-1. It accounted for 34%-88% of the total cations in the studied rainwater samples. SO2-4 and NO-3 were the main anions, and their volume-weighted mean were 281.2 μeq·L-1 and 69.9 μeq·L-1，respectively．The sum of SO2-4 and NO-3 accounted for 63%-93% of the total anions in the studied rainwater samples. Investigations of fractional acidity (FA), neutralization factors (NF), and correlation coefficients among ionic constituents indicated that high pH values were controlled by the neutralization caused by the alkaline materials but not by the absence of acidic materials. Studies of the origins of major ions showed that Ca2+ was from the terrestrial source, e.g. crustal dust and human activities, and NH+4 and K+ were from the soils and human acidities, while SO2-4 and NO-3 were mainly originated from anthropogenic sources. |
