| 不同植被类型及土壤对径流水化学特征的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3067 全文点击 1954 投稿时间：2005-03-24 修订日期：2005-07-29 |
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| 中文关键词 雨水 径流 化学成分 土壤特性 相关系数 |
| 英文关键词 rainfall runoff chemical characteristics soil properties coefficient of correlation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在不同植被类型覆盖条件下,对降雨形成地表径流和地下径流的化学成分变化及其与土壤剖面性质的关系进行分析,结果表明:地表径流和地下径流的化学特征与雨水基本相同,阳离子主要以Ca2+为主,离子排序为Ca2+>K+>Na+>Mg2+>NH4+,阴离子以SO42-为主,SO42->NO3->Cl-.降雨形成地表径流和地下径流后,各成分浓度发生了明显的变化,水体中主要的阴阳离子如Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、SO42-、Cl-等浓度增加,与雨水相比为内贮型化学成分,地下径流中Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-和Cl-增加的幅度显著高于地表径流.相关分析结果显示,地下径流pH受到土壤pH的强烈影响,受土壤胶体吸附的影响,水体中Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+等阳离子与土壤交换性阳离子之间一般呈负相关的关系,由于阴离子容易随水流失,水体中SO42-、NO3-和Cl-与土壤相关离子之间普遍呈正相关关系. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Chemical characteristics of surface runoff and groundwater in different vegetation types on Jinyunshan located in suburb of Chongqing were studied,and the relationship between runoff chemical characteristics and soil properties were analyzed.The vegetation types include coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest,evergreen broad-leaved forest,bamboo forest,shrubbery and bare soil.Results showed as follows: Chemical characteristics in surface runoff and groundwater were similar to that in rainfall,which Ca2+ was the dominant cation,Ca2+>K+>Na+>Mg2+>NH4+;and SO42- was the dominant anion,SO42->NO3->Cl-.The concentration of Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,Na+,SO42-,Cl- in runoff were higher than that in rainfall,meanwhile Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-,Cl- in groundwater were higher than that in surface runoff.pH of groundwater was obviously influenced by soil pH.Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,Na+ in groundwater showed a negative correlation to those properties in soil profile because cations were always absorbed by colloids in soils.Moreover,since anions were easy to be leaching,SO42-,NO3-,Cl-in groundwater displayed a positive correlation to that in soil profile. |
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