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<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20183805835625
Title:Accumulation of Cd and Its Risks in the Soils of the Xijiang River Drainage Basin in Guangxi
Title of translation:&#24191;&#35199;&#35199;&#27743;&#27969;&#22495;&#22303;&#22756;&#38217;&#21547;&#37327;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20272;
Authors:Song, Bo (1, 2); Yang, Zi-Jie (1); Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Wang, Fo-Peng (1); Zhou, Lang (1); Li, Li (1); Zhong, Xue-Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Zhong, Xue-Mei(zxm@glut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1888-1900
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To understand the distribution and risk of soil cadmium (Cd) in the Xijiang River drainage basin in Guangxi, a total of 2512 soil samples were collected nonferrous metal mining area, farmland (paddy soils and dryland soils) and the background soils, in the Xijiang River drainage basin in Guangxi.The results showed that Cd concentration was 0.514 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> in background soils significantly higher than previously resulted(0.148 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)and that in Guangxi background soil(0.267 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). The geometric average concentration of Cd in dryland soils, paddysoils and mining soils was 0.559, 0.787, 5.71 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which were significantly higher than background soils. The Cd concentration exceeded the background soils and baseline by 51.2% and 35.2% in dryland soil, 66.7% and 39.6% in paddy soil, 77.8% and 71.4% in mining soil, high Cd concentration occurred in the Nandan County, Dahua County, Duan County, Huanjiang County and Yizhou City, as well as Liujiang County, These regions have developed severe and even extremely serious pollution, medium-high pollution accumulation and higher-extremely high potential ecological risks. The Cd-pollution in soils in agricultural and mining soils in upstream of Xijiang River in Guangxi is serious, due to mining activities and high Cd geological background. People in the mining area and surrounding areas who live on local crops, vegetables, may expose to the Cd-pollution. It is recommended to further develop a Cd risk assessment through a soil-plant-human system, taking appropriate measures to control risk.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Catchments - Risk assessment - Risks - River pollution - Rivers - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Average concentration - Cd concentrations - Geological background - High potential - Mining activities - River basins - Soil cadmiums
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.52e+01%, Percentage 3.96e+01%, Percentage 5.12e+01%, Percentage 6.67e+01%, Percentage 7.14e+01%, Percentage 7.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707238

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20183805835584
Title:Concentrations and Solubility of Trace Elements in Atmospheric Precipitation in Qingdao
Title of translation:&#38738;&#23707;&#22823;&#27668;&#38477;&#27700;&#20013;&#24494;&#37327;&#20803;&#32032;&#30340;&#27987;&#24230;&#21450;&#28342;&#35299;&#24230;
Authors:Li, Qian (1); Shi, Jin-Hui (1, 2); Li, Peng-Zhi (1); Yao, Xiao-Hong (1, 2); Gao, Hui-Wang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Jin-Hui(engroup@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1520-1526
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Thirty-five atmospheric precipitation samples were collected at an urban site in Qingdao from June 2016 to May 2017. The total and soluble concentrations of eight trace elements in the samples were determined, and the variable characteristics of the concentrations and solubility of trace elements, as well as the factors affecting the solubility of trace elements in atmospheric precipitation, have been discussed. Based on the overall data, the total concentrations of the trace elements were found to be in the order Al&gt;Fe&gt;Zn&gt;Mn&gt;Ba&gt;Pb&gt;Sr&gt;V, but the soluble concentrations of the trace elements were in the order Zn&gt;Al&gt;Mn&gt;Fe&gt;Ba&gt;Sr&gt;Pb&gt;V. Solubility was about 5% for the crustal elements Al and Fe, and the solubility of the elements affected by anthropogenic sources was relatively higher, 10%-40% for Pb and Ba, 20%-60% for Mn and Sr, and nearly 55% for Zn and V. The total and soluble concentrations of the trace elements were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, but element solubility in spring was the highest. During continuous rainfall, the total concentrations of trace elements in precipitation decreased appreciably, but the variation trend of the solubility of trace elements was not consistent during the different rainfall processes. The variation in pH was the main factor controlling the solubility of trace elements in precipitation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Trace elements
Controlled terms:Aerosols - pH - Rain - Solubility - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic sources - Atmospheric precipitation - Crustal elements - Qingdao - Rainfall process - Urban site
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 443.3  Precipitation - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 801.4  Physical Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01% to 4.00e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01% to 6.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 5.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708034

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20183805835366
Title:Seasonal Variation in Nitric Oxide Emission from an Agricultural Headwater Ditch in the Hilly Purple Soil Area and the Factors Influencing Emission
Title of translation:&#32043;&#33394;&#22303;&#19992;&#38517;&#21306;&#20892;&#30000;&#28304;&#22836;&#27807;&#28192;&#19968;&#27687;&#21270;&#27694;&#25490;&#25918;&#30340;&#23395;&#33410;&#24046;&#24322;&#21450;&#24433;&#21709;&#22240;&#32032;
Authors:Tian, Lin-Lin (1, 2, 3); Ren, Guang-Qian (2, 4); Zhu, Bo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, University of Jiangsu, Zhenjiang; 212013, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Bo(bzhu@imde.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1952-1961
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Agricultural headwater ditches are important pathways of reactive nitrogen loss from adjacent croplands, and also act as hotspots for reactive nitrogen transformation. In this study, NO emissions from a typical agricultural ditch in the hilly area of central Sichuan Basin were measured by the closed static chamber-chemiluminescence method, from December 2014 to November 2015. The results showed that the cumulative NO emissions from the sediment-water interface without vegetation (NV) and the ditch ecosystem with natural vegetation (&#8548;) were-0.4 g&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup> and 14.17 g&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The combined annual NO emission flux for the agricultural headwater ditch ecosystem was 11.27 g&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean NO emission rate of 0.13 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. A net source of NO from the ditch ecosystem only occurred in summer, which had a significantly higher cumulative NO emission than those in the other seasons. The seasonal variation in NO emissions was mainly regulated by the seasonal changes in NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations and temperature in the overlying water. Meanwhile, the presence of vegetation in the ditch ecosystem significantly increased NO emission rates, whereas it did not markedly influence the annual NO emission.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Agricultural runoff - Agriculture - Catchments - Ecosystems - Nitrates - Nitric oxide - Nitrogen - Particulate emissions - Soils - Temperature  - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Central Sichuan Basin - Natural vegetation - Nitric oxide emissions - Nitrogen cycling - Reactive nitrogen - Seasonal changes - Seasonal variation - Sediment water interface
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20183805835600
Title:Degradation of Triclosan by Heat Activated Persulfate Oxidation
Title of translation:&#28909;&#27963;&#21270;&#36807;&#30827;&#37240;&#30416;&#38477;&#35299;&#19977;&#27695;&#29983;
Authors:Jiang, Meng-Di (1); Zhang, Qing-Yue (1); Ji, Yue-Fei (1); Lu, Jun-He (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources &amp; Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Lu, Jun-He(jhlu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1661-1667
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sulfate radical (SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup>)-based advanced oxidation technologies (SR-AOPs) are widely used for remediation of contaminated groundwater and soils. This study investigated the reaction kinetics, products, and transformation pathways of triclosan, a widely used antimicrobial agent, during its degradation by heat activated persulfate oxidation. Experimental results revealed that increasing temperature or initial persulfate concentration significantly enhanced the degradation of triclosan. The reaction could be fitted in the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the activation energy (E<inf>a</inf>) was determined to be 142 kJ&bull;mol<sup>-1</sup>. The presence of humic acid markedly inhibited triclosan degradation, whereas chloride (Cl<sup>-</sup>) showed a more complicated effect. Triclosan degradation was slightly accelerated in the presence of 5 &mu;mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> Cl<sup>-</sup>, however, a higher concentration of Cl<sup>-</sup> (e.g., 10 &mu;mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) showed an inhibitory effect. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, a total of six transformation products, including 4-chlorocatechol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2-chloro-5-(2,4-dichloro-6-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,4-benzoquinone, were identified. Accordingly, the cleavage of the ether bond and hydroxylation of the phenol ring were proposed as the principal pathways of triclosan degradation upon reaction with SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup>. The findings of this study can be used to evaluate the feasibility of decontamination of triclosan by SR-AOPs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Biodegradation
Controlled terms:Activation energy - Antimicrobial agents - Chlorine compounds - Enzyme kinetics - Free radical reactions - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Kinetics - Liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry  - Organic polymers - Oxidation - Reaction kinetics - Remediation - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Activation energies (Ea) - Advanced oxidation technology - Heat activation - Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometries - Pseudo-first order kinetic model - Sulfate radicals - Transformation products - Triclosan
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.8  Biotechnology - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e-02mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707201

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20183805835578
Title:Effect of Relative Humidity on Particulate Matter Concentration and Visibility During Winter in Chengdu
Title of translation:&#25104;&#37117;&#24066;&#20908;&#23395;&#30456;&#23545;&#28287;&#24230;&#23545;&#39063;&#31890;&#29289;&#27987;&#24230;&#21644;&#22823;&#27668;&#33021;&#35265;&#24230;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Liu, Fan (1); Tan, Qin-Wen (2); Jiang, Xia (1); Jiang, Wen-Ju (1); Song, Dan-Lin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Architecture &amp; Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu; 610072, China 
Corresponding author:Tan, Qin-Wen(tanqw1979@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1466-1472
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of relative humidity (RH) on particulate matter concentrations and atmosphere visibility were investigated using the continuous on-line observed data of Chengdu city during December 2015, including RH, visibility, the concentrations of particulate matters (PM<inf>10</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf>) and gaseous pollutants (SO<inf>2</inf> and NO<inf>2</inf>), and the concentrations of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in PM<inf>2.5</inf>. The results showed that the haze process occurred because of the synergistic effects of higher particulate matter concentrations and RH, leading to the reduction of visibility. The average ratio of PM<inf>2.5</inf> to PM<inf>10</inf> was 64% and it significantly increased with the increase of RH during observation period, which indicated that the pollution of fine particles during winter in Chengdu was serious, and high RH aggravated the pollution caused by fine particles.Visibility decreased exponentially with the increase of particulate matter concentrations. When RH was higher, visibility was lower at the same concentrations of particulate matter.RH had a strong effect on visibility at lower particle concentrations, while the effect of RH on the visibility decreased, and atmospheric extinction was controlled by PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations at higher particle concentrations. With RH increasing from less than 40% to more than 70%, the average sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) increased from 0.27 and 0.11 to 0.40 and 0.19, respectively, indicating that higher RH significantly promoted the formation of secondary sulfate and nitrate. Secondary sulfate and nitrate separately or coordinatively influenced the air quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Air quality - Atmospheric humidity - Fog - Nitrates - Sulfur compounds - Visibility
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric extinction - Chengdu - Gaseous pollutants - Inorganic salts - Observation Period - Particle concentrations - Particulate Matter - PM2.5 concentration
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 741.2  Vision - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.40e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707112

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20183805835607
Title:Mechanism of Action of Activated Sludge Properties in Nitrogen Removal by Endogenous Denitrification Through an Intelligent Aeration-controlled A/O Process
Title of translation:&#26234;&#33021;&#21270;&#26333;&#27668;&#25511;&#21046;A/O&#24037;&#33402;&#27963;&#24615;&#27745;&#27877;&#29305;&#24615;&#28436;&#21270;&#23545;&#20869;&#28304;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#33073;&#27694;&#30340;&#20316;&#29992;&#26426;&#21046;
Authors:Xu, Min-Yang (1); Hu, Zhan-Bo (1, 2); Zhang, Sui-Sheng (3); Li, Hao-Hang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530004, China; (2) Guangxi Yijiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning; 530004, China; (3) Department of Agriculture and Environmental Engineering, Guangxi Vocational &amp; Technical College, Nanning; 530226, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Zhan-Bo(hzb2005@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1720-1730
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the mechanism of action of activated sludge properties in nitrogen removal by endogenous denitrification (henceforth EDNR), a new kind of automatic oxygen supply device(AOSD), was applied to the A/O process. The domestication effect of the aeration mode on the activated sludge properties and microbial communities was investigated under the intelligent aeration-controlled A/O process (I-A/O)and the continuous aeration A/O process (C-A/O). The results demonstrated that the effluent NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N components showed obvious accumulation efficiencies and activated sludge generated conspicuous limited bulking in the I-A/O process. Domesticated sludge in the I-A/O process was able to enrich more SCOD to transfer into the polymeric substances as Gly, under a rich exogenous carbon supply state, and stimulated nitrogen removal by endogenous denitrifying under a scarce exogenous carbon supply state. The EDNR rate went up to 0.83 mg&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> in the I-A/O process, which was more than that achieved by the C-A/O process. The microbial communities in the two processes were evaluated by the Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that there was no obvious difference in the sludge microbial community diversity between the two processes, but the Candidate division TM7 proliferated in the I-A/O process, and become the abundant taxa to prompt limited filamentous sludge bulking and Gly storage capability enhancement. The oxygen supply mode of AOSD made the activated sludge properties and microbial communities to be screened selectively in the new environment, aerobic heterotrophic bacterial activity to decline, and endogenous denitrifying action to strengthen, which made the I-A/O process implement a kind of dynamic balanced state that limited the DO demand.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Process control
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Carbon - Denitrification - Microorganisms - Nitrogen removal - Oxygen supply - Sewage sludge - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:A/O process - Activated sludge - Automatic oxygen supply device(AOSD) - Endogenous denitrification - High-throughput sequencing - Mechanism of action - Microbial communities - Polymeric substance
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.9  Biology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706240

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20183805835604
Title:Pilot-scale Experiment on Enrichment of Nitrifying Activated Sludge and Its Application in Enhancing a Wastewater Biological Treatment System Against Ammonia Shocking Loads
Title of translation:&#30813;&#21270;&#27745;&#27877;&#23500;&#38598;&#21450;&#20854;&#24378;&#21270;&#39640;&#27688;&#27694;&#20914;&#20987;&#30340;&#20013;&#35797;&#30740;&#31350;
Authors:Sheng, Xiao-Lin (1); Cui, Can-Can (1, 2); Wang, Jia-De (2); Liu, Rui (1); Xu, Feng (4); Chen, L&uuml;-Jun (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment in Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (2) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (3) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (4) Jiaxing Lvye Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Jiaxing; 314006, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Rui(liuruitsinghuazj@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1697-1703
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) was enriched in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with pre-treated municipal wastewater and additional ammonium sulfate as the culture medium. The influences of temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen volumetric load, free ammonia (FA), and free nitrite (FNA) on the enrichment of NAS were investigated, the cost of the process was evaluated, and then NAS's application in enhancing a wastewater biological treatment system against ammonia shocking loads was attempted. The results showed that after 182 days of cultivation in an MBR, NAS had a nitrification activity of 98.41 mg&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, which was 30-times higher than that of the seeding sludge. The yield of NAS was 14.96 mg&bull;(L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, costing 3.52 Yuan for 1 kg. Temperature was found to be a key factor affecting the sludge nitrification activity. The sludge nitrification activity was decreased to 1/3 of the maximum value at temperatures below 15.0&#8451;, while lowering the ammonium volumetric load retarded the decrease in the sludge nitrification activity to some extent. In addition, dissolved oxygen deficiency resulted in nitrite accumulation, and thereby slowed down the NAS enrichment rate. The enriched NAS was then applied to a wastewater biological treatment pilot equipment, which had just been exposed to an ammonium shocking load. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the biological system increased from 29.4% to 88.4% after 2.0% of NAS was inoculated. The enhanced biological system retained ammonia removal rates of as high as 99.0%, even as the temperature dropped to 13.3&#8451;&plusmn;1.6&#8451; afterwards. The above pilot-experiment results suggested that enriched nitrifying sludge is suitable for quickly increasing the start-up or recovery rates of the nitrifying function in a biological system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biochemical engineering - Biochemical oxygen demand - Biological systems - Bioreactors - Dissolved oxygen - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal  - Sulfur compounds - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Membrane bio reactor (MBR) - Membrane bioreactor - Municipal wastewaters - Nitrification activity - Nitrifying activated sludges - Nitrite accumulation - Pilot-scale experiments - Wastewater biological treatment
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 461.9  Biology - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 805.1.1  Biochemical Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.99e-01yr, Mass 1.00e+00kg, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.94e+01% to 8.84e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706191

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20183805835613
Title:Aerobic Denitrification and Microbial Community Shift in SBR Bioaugmented with Strains YH01 and YH02
Title of translation:&#22797;&#21512;&#33740;&#26666;YH01+YH02&#24378;&#21270;SBR&#22909;&#27687;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#33073;&#27694;&#21450;&#33740;&#32676;&#32467;&#26500;&#20998;&#26512;
Authors:Chen, Hai-Sheng (1); Cao, Gang (1, 2); Zhang, Di (1); Huang, Zheng-Zheng (1); Mo, Ce-Hui (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510630, China; (2) Guangdong Engineering Center for Environment Contamination Control and Restorative Materials, Guangzhou; 510630, China 
Corresponding author:Cao, Gang(cao_g@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1773-1781
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The enhanced aerobic denitrification capability of the mixed strains YH01+YH02 in utilizing potassium nitrate, and the dynamic changes in the microbial community component during the period of operation, were evaluated. The microbial community in different stages of the SBR was analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing technology after inoculation with YH01+YH02. The results showed that the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, TN, and COD removal efficiencies increased by 12.1%, 9.2%, and 9.4%, respectively. The relative abundances of the microbes in the microbial community increased at the genus level, and the diversity in the microbial community decreased after enhancement. Principal component analysis and UPGMA analysis revealed that the period of SBR operation was roughly divined into four phases. The relative abundances of Delftia and Acidovorax increased during the period of operation, and YH01+YH02 exhibited excellent compatibility with the SBR ecosystem and played an important part in aerobic denitrification.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Denitrification - Microorganisms - Potash - Potassium Nitrate - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifications - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial communities - Mixed strain - SBR reactor
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+00%, Percentage 9.40e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708253

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20183805835614
Title:Performance, Sludge Characteristics, and the Microbial Community Dynamics of Bulking Sludge Under Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Imbalances
Title of translation:&#27694;&#30967;&#22833;&#34913;&#19979;&#33192;&#32960;&#27745;&#27877;&#24615;&#33021;&#21450;&#33192;&#32960;&#33740;&#32676;&#33853;&#32467;&#26500;&#21464;&#21270;
Authors:He, Xue-Meng (1); Ding, Li-Li (1); Zhang, Lu-Lu (1); Gu, Zhuo-Jiang (2); Ren, Hong-Qiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Hisun Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Hangzhou; 311404, China 
Corresponding author:Ding, Li-Li(dinglili@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1782-1793
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this paper, the performance, characteristics of the bulking sludge, and the variations in the microbial community (including the bulking bacteria) under different nitrogen and phosphorus imbalances were compared, using high-throughput sequencing (16S rRNA) and the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technology. The results showed that after seeding bulking sludge in the A/O process and operating for a period of time, the sludge settleability of the nitrogen limitation alone reactor (R<inf>N</inf>) could recover to normal [sludge volume index (SVI)&lt;150 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>], while the SVI of the phosphorus limitation alone reactor (R<inf>P</inf>) improved slightly; the control reactor (R<inf>0</inf>, C/N/P=100/5/1) exhibited the highest SVI index (SVI=1 496 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>), followed by the reactor of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus limitations (R<inf>NP</inf>). Under normal nutritional conditions, Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) relative content (LPS/MLVSS) and the settleability of bulking sludge (r=-0.625, P&lt;0.05), while under nutrient limitation conditions, LPS showed high accuracy in reflecting the biomass of the activated sludge. Thiothrix was the dominant bulking bacteria in all the reactors. PCoA analysis showed that the migration of the community in the reactors experienced nitrogen limitation (R<inf>NP</inf>, R<inf>N</inf>) changes greatly during the stages &#8545; and &#8546;, while RDA analysis showed that the correlation of Thiothrix with the settling performance and oxygen consumption rate was significant.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:54
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Bacteria - Correlation methods - High performance liquid chromatography - Phosphorus - RNA
Uncontrolled terms:Bulking sludge - Lipopolysaccharides - Microbial communities - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Settleability
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708094

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20183805835581
Title:Chemical Composition Characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> Emitted by Medium and Small Capacity Coal-fired Boilers in the Yangtze River Delta Region
Title of translation:&#38271;&#19977;&#35282;&#22320;&#21306;&#20013;&#23567;&#29123;&#29028;&#38149;&#28809;PM<inf>2.5</inf>&#25104;&#20998;&#35889;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Xu, Jian (1); Huang, Cheng (2, 3); Li, Li (2, 3); Chen, Yong-Hang (1); Lou, Sheng-Rong (2, 3); Qiao, Li-Ping (2, 3); Wang, Hong-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China; (2) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex Pollution, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Cheng(huangc@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1493-1501
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Seven small and medium coal-fired boilers were selected to analyze the emission factors and chemical composition characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and the efficiency of the dust collection unit in removing PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OC, and EC of different particle sizes. At the outlet of the dust collection unit, PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass emission factor was around 0.047-0.283 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> with an average of (0.146&plusmn;0.081) g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> was the most abundant ionic component, followed by NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>. S was the most abundant among all the elements, followed by Al, Ca, and Fe. The contents of OC and EC fluctuated greatly, and the ratio of OC and EC produced by each boiler was greater than one. In the range of the measured particle sizes, the mass concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> showed a singlet or bimodal distribution, and the peak value appeared at 0.07-0.12 &mu;m and greater than 1 &mu;m in bimodal distribution. The mass concentration of OC showed a bimodal or trimodal distribution, and the peak value appeared at 0.04 &mu;m, 0.20-0.31 &mu;m, and greater than 1 &mu;m in trimodal distribution. The efficiencies of the dust collection unit in removing PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OC, and EC were 66%, 53%, and 23%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Coal fired boilers
Controlled terms:Calcium compounds - Chemical analysis - Coal - Coal dust - Dust collectors - Efficiency - Fossil fuel power plants - Iron compounds - Particle size - Particle size analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Bimodal distribution - Chemical compositions - Different particle sizes - Emission factors - Mass concentration - PM2.5 - Removal efficiencies - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:524  Solid Fuels - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 5.30e+01%, Percentage 6.60e+01%, Size 1.00e-06m, Size 2.00e-07m to 3.10e-07m, Size 4.00e-08m, Size 7.00e-08m to 1.20e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707034

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20183805835594
Title:Characteristics of Phosphorus Fractions and Phosphate Diffusion Fluxes of Sediments in Cascade Reservoirs of the Huangbai River
Title of translation:&#40644;&#26575;&#27827;&#27969;&#22495;&#26799;&#32423;&#27700;&#24211;&#27785;&#31215;&#29289;&#30967;&#24418;&#24577;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#30967;&#37322;&#25918;&#36890;&#37327;&#20998;&#26512;
Authors:Liu, Jia (1); Lei, Dan (1); Li, Qiong (2); Wang, Liang (2); Zhang, Ping (2); Xiao, Shang-Bin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic &amp; Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Yichang Survey Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Yichang; 443002, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Shang-Bin(shangbinx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1608-1615
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The Huangbai river, with a large phosphorite deposit in the basin upstream, is the drinking-water source of Yichang city, China, and water blooms often break out in it in present times. To investigate the internal contamination load, the distribution and vertical variation of sediment phosphorus and its fractions were analyzed. Phosphorus flux across the sediment-water surface was preliminarily analyzed in three reservoirs in the basin. The results showed that the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) decreased from the upstream to the downstream reservoirs of the basin, and the means of the TP were (8 070.0&plusmn;2 251.4), (2 681.2&plusmn;1 709.8), and (2 656.6&plusmn;1 599.7) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, in the three reservoirs, respectively. This shows that the basin is at a highly polluted level. There were similar tendencies in the concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) and chlorophyll a in the surface water. The order of the phosphorus fractions was HCl-P&gt;OP&gt;NaOH-P in most sites. According to Fick's First Law, the flux of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P across the sediment-water surface was 0.017 9-0.182 5 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, and it decreased from the upstream to the downstream reservoirs. The flux was positively related to HCl-P, OP, and TP in the high phosphorus concentration basin.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - Potable water - Reservoirs (water) - River pollution - Sediments - Sodium hydroxide
Uncontrolled terms:Diffusion fluxes - Drinking water sources - Fick's Law - Internal contaminations - Phosphate mining - Phosphorite deposits - Phosphorus concentration - Phosphorus fractions
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705112

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20183805835612
Title:Microbiological Characteristics of a Post Solid-Phase Denitrification Biofilter Process
Title of translation:&#21518;&#32622;&#22266;&#30456;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#28388;&#27744;&#24037;&#33402;&#27839;&#31243;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#29305;&#24615;
Authors:Zhang, Qian (1); Ji, Fang-Ying (2); Xu, Xuan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing; 400054, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400045, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1763-1772
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To solve the problems of high energy consumption, complex process, and low nitrogen removal efficiency of the currently available low carbon source wastewater treatment processes, a novel coagulation sedimentation/post solid-phase denitrification biofilter process was proposed. Domestic wastewater with low carbon to nitrogen ratio was treated. The changes in the microbial community structure along the biofilters were studied and the functional bacteria were identified using the polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The results showed that the microbial diversity and richness of the microorganisms increased from the bottom to the top along the nitrification filter, while in the denitrification filter, there parameters increased firstly and then decreased from the bottom to the top along the cylinder. A bigger population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was observed at the top and the middle of the nitrification and denitrification biofilter, respectively. Moreover, Nitrosomonas sp. Nm47 and Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii were the predominant nitrifying bacteria in the nitrification biofilter, and Myxobacteria and Rubrivivas gelatinosus were the predominant denitrifying bacteria in the solid-phase denitrification biofilter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Biofilters - Carbon - Denitrification - Electrophoresis - Energy utilization - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Polymerase chain reaction - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Biological filters - Microbial communities - PCR-DGGE - Solid carbon sources - Solid-phase
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709049

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20183805835585
Title:Occurrence and Gas-particle Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Air of Liaodong Bay
Title of translation:&#36797;&#19996;&#28286;&#22823;&#27668;&#20013;&#22810;&#29615;&#33459;&#28867;&#30340;&#21547;&#37327;&#32452;&#25104;&#21450;&#27668;&#31890;&#20998;&#37197;
Authors:Zhang, Yu-Feng (1, 2, 3); Song, Yong-Gang (1, 2); Tian, Jin (1, 2); Zhao, Hai-Bo (1, 2); Yang, Shuang (1, 2); Wu, Jin-Hao (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian; 116023, China; (2) Liaoning Ocean Environment Monitoring Station, Dalian; 116023, China; (3) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Jin-Hao(jinhaow@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1527-1536
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The gas-and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were collected from the air of Liaodong Bay in May and August to investigate their occurrence and gas/particle distribution. The 24 PAHs were analyzed for gas-and particle-phase samples, and the concentrations of total gas-and particle-phase PAHs were found to be 28.8 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 24.0 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The concentrations of the gas-phase PAHs were higher in August than in May, and the concentrations of the particle-phase PAHs were higher in May than in August. The low molecular weight PAHs were mainly distributed in the gas-phase, and the high molecular weight PAHs were mainly distributed in the particle-phase; the medium molecular weight PAHs were more easily affected by the environmental conditions than the low and high molecular weight PAHs. The value of K<inf>p</inf> increased with an increase in the molecular weight. The slopes m for regressed lgK<inf>p</inf>-lgP<inf>L</inf> and lgK<inf>p</inf>-lgK<inf>OA</inf> plots were -0.35 and 0.37, deviated from -1 and+1 for the equilibrium states of gas/particle partitioning. The equilibrium states of the lgK<inf>p</inf>-lgK<inf>OA</inf>, lgK<inf>p</inf>-lgP<inf>L</inf>, and soot-air models were applied; the predicted results of the 5-ring PAHs fitted well with the field measure results. The predicted results of the soot-air model were much closer to the field measure results than the results of the lgK<inf>P</inf>-lgK<inf>OA</inf> and lgK<inf>P</inf>-lgP<inf>L</inf>models; compared to their heavier counterparts, the low and medium molecular weight PAHs were influenced to a greater extent by soot.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Earth atmosphere - Gases - Hydrocarbons - Mineral oils - Molecular weight - Soot
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution - Environmental conditions - Gas-particle partitioning - Gas/particle distribution - High molecular weight - Liaodong Bay - Low molecular weight - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS)
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708148

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20183805835622
Title:Spatial Distribution of DDTs and PCBs in Wild Fish from Hong Kong Coastal Areas and Potential Human Health Risk Assessment
Title of translation:&#39321;&#28207;&#21608;&#36793;&#28023;&#22495;&#37326;&#29983;&#40060;&#20307;&#20869;DDTs&#21644;PCBs&#30340;&#21547;&#37327;&#20998;&#24067;&#21644;&#39135;&#29992;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20272;
Authors:Su, Yang (1, 2); Bao, Lian-Jun (3); Zeng, Eddy Y (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Bao, Lian-Jun(baolianjun@jnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1861-1871
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To examine the distributional patterns of persistent organic pollutants in the wild fish of Hong Kong and assess the health risks associated with consuming them, two typical kinds of persistent organic pollutants, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were determined in 31 kinds of fishes caught from the coastal areas of Hong Kong. The results indicate that the concentrations of DDTs and PCBs in the wild fishes were in the ranges of 0.44-17 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.028-6.3 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which were at the low end of the global ranges. Spatially, the lowest concentrations of DDTs and PCBs were found in the fishes occurring in the west of Lantau Island and Tolo Harbor. Furthermore, the feeding habits and living environments of the fishes could have some influence on the accumulation of DDTs and PCBs in them. Source diagnostics indicated that DDTs in these fishes mainly originated from historical residues, but the fishes which migrate for relatively longer distances may be subject to DDT contamination in the estuaries. Finally, human health risk assessments suggested that the increased potential lifetime cancer risk of local adolescences and adults exposed to DDTs and PCBs via wild fish consumption was high. Therefore, the local residents in Hong Kong should reduce their daily intake of wild fish caught from the surrounding coastal regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Coastal zones - Fish - Health - Health risks - Polychlorinated biphenyls - Risk assessment
Uncontrolled terms:DDT contamination - Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane - Hong-kong - Human health risk assessment - Living environment - Persistent organic pollutant (POP) - Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) - Source diagnostics
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707151

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20183805835576
Title:Air Pollutant Emission Inventory from Iron and Steel Industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and Its Impact on PM<inf>2.5</inf>
Title of translation:&#20140;&#27941;&#20864;&#22320;&#21306;&#38050;&#38081;&#34892;&#19994;&#27745;&#26579;&#29289;&#25490;&#25918;&#28165;&#21333;&#21450;&#23545;PM<inf>2.5</inf>&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Duan, Wen-Jiao (1); Lang, Jian-Lei (1); Cheng, Shui-Yuan (1); Jia, Jia (1); Wang, Xiao-Qi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Shui-Yuan(chengsy@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1445-1454
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The iron and steel industry, which discharges a large amount of pollutants including SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf>, is the main source of atmospheric pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Based on the bottom-up method, a high temporal and spatial resolution emission inventory of the iron and steel industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was developed, which took into account the multiple air pollutants released during coking, sintering, pelletizing, ironmaking, steelmaking, and the steel rolling process. As the emission inventory showed, the total emissions of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, TSP, PM<inf>10</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, CO, and VOC from the iron and steel industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2015 were 388.2, 272.3, 791.9, 531.5, 386.8, 8233.8, and 265.3 kilotons, respectively, among which, sintering and pelletizing were the two processes discharging the most pollutants (17.0%-72.0%), followed by the ironmaking process (4.6%-42.4%) and the steel rolling process (3.5%-35.7%); the iron and steel industry in Tangshan discharged the most pollutants (39.1%-63.5%) among those in all the 13 cities. The impact of the iron and steel industry on the regional PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration was simulated by a two-layer nested meteorology-air quality coupling model system (WRF-CMAx) with Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT). The simulation results showed that the iron and steel industry contributed 14.0%, 15.9%, 12.3%, and 8.7% of the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, and that the iron and steel industry had the most significant impact on the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations in Tangshan among all the 13 cities, with a contribution rate up to 41.2%, followed by those in Qinhuangdao, Shijiazhuang, and Handan, with contributions of 19.3%, 15.3%, and 15.1%, respectively. The iron and steel industry has an important impact on the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to which the government should pay more attention, and take more effective control measures to address this problem.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Iron and steel industry
Controlled terms:Air quality - Nitrogen oxides - Particles (particulate matter) - Pelletizing - Sintering - Steelmaking
Uncontrolled terms:Air pollutant emission - Atmospheric pollution - Beijing-tianjin-hebei regions - Emission characteristics - Emission inventories - PM2.5 - Temporal and spatial - WRF-CAMx
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 545  Iron and Steel - 545.3  Steel - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.23e+01%, Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 1.51e+01%, Percentage 1.53e+01%, Percentage 1.59e+01%, Percentage 1.70e+01% to 7.20e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+00% to 3.57e+01%, Percentage 3.91e+01% to 6.35e+01%, Percentage 4.12e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+00% to 4.24e+01%, Percentage 8.70e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709053

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20183805835618
Title:Effects of the Farmland-to-Forest/Grassland Conversion Program on the Soil Bacterial Community in the Loess Hilly Region
Title of translation:&#40644;&#22303;&#19992;&#38517;&#21306;&#36864;&#32789;&#36824;&#26519;&#36824;&#33609;&#23545;&#22303;&#22756;&#32454;&#33740;&#32676;&#33853;&#32467;&#26500;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Chen, Meng-Li (1); Zeng, Quan-Chao (1); Huang, Yi-Mei (1); Ni, Yin-Xia (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yi-Mei(ymhuang1971@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1824-1832
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study investigated the effects of the program aimed at converting farmland into forest or grassland on the soil bacterial diversity in the Loess Hilly region. Corn land was selected as the experimental control, and Caragana intermedia land and Stipa bungeana land were selected as the experimental lands. Soil from three different land use types were selected as subjects. The soil bacterial communities were analyzed using a high throughput sequencing technique (MiSeq). The sequence region was 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region. The &alpha; diversity, community composition, and relative abundances of the soil bacterial groups were analyzed, in order to explore the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the bacterial community structure. The results showed that the structure and diversity of the microbial communities differed under the different land use types. At the phylum level, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Firmicutes. At the class level, &alpha;-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, &beta;-Proteobacteria, Thermoleophilia, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacilli, and &delta;-Proteobacteria were predominant. Compared to the corn land, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the Caragana intermedia land, while Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the Stipa bungeana land. Soil bacterial diversity was the highest in the shrub land. RDA analysis revealed that soil organic matters and total nitrogen were the most influential environmental factors. It was shown thus that the program of converting farmland into forest or grassland has significantly improved the soil fertility and environmental conditions, and the composition of the soil bacterial community has also been appreciably changed.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Chemical analysis - Farms - Forestry - Land use - RNA - Sediments - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Community structures - Converting farmland into forest or grassland - High-throughput sequencing - Loess hilly regions - Soil bacterium
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708090

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20183805835367
Title:Effects of Seasonal Asymmetric Warming on Soil CO<inf>2</inf> Release in Karst Region
Title of translation:&#23395;&#33410;&#38750;&#23545;&#31216;&#21319;&#28201;&#23545;&#21888;&#26031;&#29305;&#22303;&#22756;CO<inf>2</inf>&#37322;&#25918;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Tang, Guo-Yong (1); Zhang, Chun-Hua (1); Liu, Fang-Yan (1); Li, Kun (1); Ma, Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming; 650224, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1962-1970
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Seasonal asymmetric warming is one of the distinguishing features of global warming. However, if this feature is not considered in studying the effects of global changes on terrestrial ecosystems, it might probably cause misunderstanding of these studies. The releasing features of soil CO<inf>2</inf> in Karst regions under various warming scenarios were simulated following a four-year continuous warming period using infrared radiators. A total of six treatments was arranged: no warming (ambient temp, CK); symmetric warming (ambient plus 2.0&#8451; full year, SW); and, lowly, moderately, highly, and extremely asymmetric warming (ambient plus 2.5&#8451;/1.5&#8451;, 3.0&#8451;/1.0&#8451;, 3.5&#8451;/0.5&#8451;, and 4.0&#8451;/0&#8451; in the winter-spring/summer-autumn seasons, respectively, LAW, MAW, HAW, and EAW). The results showed that compared to CK, soil CO<inf>2</inf> efflux in all the warming plots significantly increased by 0.26 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>, or 17.41%. In the winter-spring seasons, soil CO<inf>2</inf> efflux in the warming treatments increased by 0.23 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>. The Q<inf>10</inf> values ranged from 1.53 to 3.24 with an average of 2.23 under the scenario of warming up by 2.0&#8451;. The warming-induced contribution of CO<inf>2</inf> efflux in the summer-autumn seasons (80%) was obviously higher than that in the winter-spring seasons (20%) in the SW treatment, whereas the mean contribution in the summer-autumn seasons (46%) was closer to that in the winter-spring seasons (54%) in the asymmetric warming treatments. Both soil CO<inf>2</inf> efflux and Q<inf>10</inf> showed a tendency towards decrease with the increase in the asymmetry of warming under the five warming scenarios. The soil CO<inf>2</inf> efflux in the SW treatment was significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher than those in the MAW, HAW, and EAW treatments. The Q<inf>10</inf> values in the summer-autumn seasons was larger than those in the winter-spring seasons under each warming treatment or across all warming treatments, which was probably related to soil water content, soil microbe, dissolved inorganic carbon, and vegetation growth. The results revealed that it may potentially overestimate the effects of global warming on soil CO<inf>2</inf> releasing subject to symmetric warming.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms:Global warming - Landforms - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Asymmetric warming - CO2 efflux - Karst - Symmetric warming - Temperature coefficient
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.74e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709021

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20183805835608
Title:Effect of Temperature on the Performance and Microbial Community Structure in an Integrated Anaerobic Fluidized-bed Membrane Bioreactor Treating Benzothiazole Wastewater
Title of translation:&#28201;&#24230;&#23545;&#19968;&#20307;&#24335;&#21388;&#27687;&#27969;&#21270;&#24202;&#33180;&#29983;&#29289;&#21453;&#24212;&#22120;&#36816;&#34892;&#25928;&#33021;&#21450;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#32676;&#33853;&#32467;&#26500;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Li, Yue (1); Hu, Qi (2); Gao, Da-Wen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China; (2) School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang; 110016, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Da-Wen(gaodw@hit.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1731-1738
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An integrated anaerobic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor (IAFMBR) was applied to treat synthetic high-strength benzothiazole wastewater. This study investigated the effect of temperature on the performance, membrane fouling and microbial community structure of IAFMBR. The results showed that decreasing temperature had an adverse effect on the performance and the cycle of membrane fouling. When temperature declined from 35&#8451; to 15&#8451;, the COD efficiency dropped 7.4%, benzothiazole removal efficiency dropped 49.2%, the accumulation of total VFAs increased 225.66 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and methane yield (in CH<inf>4</inf>/COD<inf>removed</inf>) dropped 0.118 m<sup>3</sup>&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The membrane fouling cycle shortened from 5.2 d to 2.5 d. For cake layer, the concentration of soluble microbial product (SMP ) increased from 42.47 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 70.62 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS ) content (in VSS) increased from 46.30 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> to 82.22 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>when the TMP was 15 kPa. For mixed liquor, the concentration of SMP increased from 36.46 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 69.35 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and the EPS content increased from 47.47 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>to 81.63 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. Protein was the main component of EPS and SMP, and occurred in proportion of 80%.The microbial community structure showed that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes and Chloroflexi, which accounted for 42.6%-61.0% of the total relative abundance. The genera Clostridium (13.7%), Levilinea (15.2%), and Lactococus (17.9%) dominated with decreasing temperatures. The dominant methanogen was Methanosaeta.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Fluidized beds
Controlled terms:Bioconversion - Bioreactors - Efficiency - Membrane fouling - Membranes - Microorganisms - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic fluidized bed - Benzothiazoles - Effect of temperature - Extracellular polymeric substances - Membrane bioreactor - Microbial community structures - Removal efficiencies - Soluble microbial products
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 461.9  Biology - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.26e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.65e-02kg/m3 to 6.93e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.25e-02kg/m3 to 7.06e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.37e+01%, Percentage 1.52e+01%, Percentage 1.79e+01%, Percentage 4.26e+01% to 6.10e+01%, Percentage 4.92e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Pressure 1.50e+04Pa, Specific_Volume 1.18e-01m3/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707261

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20183805835579
Title:Vertical Distributional Characteristics of Inorganic Ions of PM<inf>2.5</inf> at Mt. Huashan, Inland China
Title of translation:&#21326;&#23665;&#22320;&#21306;PM<inf>2.5</inf>&#20013;&#26080;&#26426;&#31163;&#23376;&#22402;&#30452;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Cao, Cong (1, 2); Wang, Ge-Hui (1); Wu, Can (1, 2); Li, Jian-Jun (1); Liu, Lang (1, 2); Li, Jin (1, 2); Yu, Xing (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an; 710061, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Meteorological Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an; 710014, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ge-Hui(wanggh@ieecas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1473-1483
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>2.5</inf> was simultaneously collected using a high-volume sampler at 4 h intervals from the mountainside and the foot of the mountain in the Mt. Huashan region, inland China, during the summer of 2016, and the samples were analyzed for inorganic ions, to investigate the chemical characteristics and vertical distribution of the fine particles in the region. The results showed that the concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> were (46.9&plusmn;38.2) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (76.0&plusmn;44.3) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> on the mountainside and at the foot of Mt. Huashan, respectively. The concentrations of inorganic ions in PM<inf>2.5</inf> was higher at the foot of the mountain than on the mountainside, with the order of the mass concentrations of the major ionic species being SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&gt;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>&gt;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>&gt;Ca<sup>2+</sup>. Among all the inorganic ions, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>are the dominant species, accounting for 89% and 85% of the total, on the mountainside and at the foot, respectively. The fine particulate NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> existed mostly in the forms of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> on the mountainside, and in the forms of NH<inf>4</inf>HSO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> at the foot of the mountain. Mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and its major components on the mountainside showed clear diurnal variations, with maximums between 12:00-16:00, mainly due to the transport of the pollutants from the ground surface by the planetary boundary layer height variation and the valley breeze. In contrast, the diurnal variations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>and its major components at the foot are characterized with two maxima, peaking between 08:00-12:00 in the daytime and 00:00-04:00 in the nighttime, respectively, mainly due to the increased emissions from both the morning rush-hour traffic and the nighttime on-road heavy-duty vehicles. Acidity of the fine particles was estimated by using the equivalent ratio of anions to cations and the thermodynamic equilibrium model ISORROPIA &#8545;. Both methods showed that the acidity of PM<inf>2.5</inf> at the ground surface site is stronger than that on the mountainside in the Mt. Huashan region.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Acidity - Boundary layer flow - Boundary layers - Chemical analysis - Ions - Landforms - Nitrogen compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical characteristic - High-volume sampler - Mt. Huashan - Planetary boundary layers - PM2.5 - Thermodynamic equilibrium model - Vertical distributions - Water soluble inorganic ions
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Time 1.44e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20183805835363
Title:Effect of Ca-bentonite on Cu and Zn Forms in Compost and Soil, and Their Absorption by Chinese Cabbage
Title of translation:&#38041;&#22522;&#33192;&#28070;&#22303;&#36741;&#21161;&#23545;&#22534;&#32933;&#21450;&#22303;&#22756; Cu, Zn&#24418;&#24577;&#36716;&#21270;&#21644;&#30333;&#33756;&#21560;&#25910;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zhao, Jun-Chao (1); Wang, Quan (1); Ren, Xiu-Na (1); Li, Rong-Hua (1); Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar (1); Lahori, Altaf Hussain (1); Zhang, Zeng-Qiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Zeng-Qiang(zhangzq58@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1926-1933
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Aerobic composting was conducted to evaluate the effects of the different ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) of Ca-bentonite (CB) on the speciation of Cu and Zn during pig manure composting, while pot experiment was performed to investigate the role of CB-added compost on the bio-availability of Cu and Zn to Chinese cabbage and its biomass. The results showed that the exchangeable fractions of Cu and Zn decreased, while their oxidized and residual fractions gradually increased during composting; CB addition reduced the distribution ratios of bio-available Cu and Zn in mature compost by approximately 19.84%-48.90% and 4.94%-16.39%, compared to those in the 0% CB-added treatment, and the best result was found in the 10% CB-added treatment.. Meanwhile, the pot experiment confirmed that the addition of compost considerably increased soil organic matter (OM) and electrical conductivity (EC) but decreased soil pH value. On the contrary, the application of CB effectively decreased EC and increased soil pH but inhibited OM mineralization in soil as compared to non-amended treatment. While addition of compost significantly increased plant dry biomass as compared to that with soil alone, maximum biomass was obtained [(6.51&plusmn;0.34) g&bull;pot<sup>-1</sup>] in 10% CB-added compost. After the application of CB-added compost, the contents of the bio-available factions of Cu in the harvested soil increased, while the contents of the exchangeable fractions of Zn decreased by 38.91%, 43.69%, 46.02%, 45.12%, and 54.65%, respectively. The absorption of Cu and Zn by Chinese cabbage was considerably reduced after the application of compost, while the uptake of Zn in the plant declined as the CB rates increased, and the absorption of Cu increased. The study indicated that 10% CB addition could significantly reduce the bioavailability of Cu and Zn in compost, and also showed a continuous effect on restricting the bioavailability of Zn after land utilization. Meanwhile CB amendment enhanced Chinese cabbage biomass and reduced the uptake of Zn.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Zinc
Controlled terms:Bentonite - Biochemistry - Biomass - Calcium compounds - Composting - Copper - Fertilizers - Forming - Manures - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic composting - Ca-bentonite - Distribution ratio - Electrical conductivity - Exchangeable fraction - Land utilization - Residual fraction - Soil organic matters
Classification code:482.2  Minerals - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 544.1  Copper - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 0.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.98e+01% to 4.89e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+00%, Percentage 3.89e+01%, Percentage 4.37e+01%, Percentage 4.51e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 4.94e+00% to 1.64e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 5.46e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706071

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20183805835602
Title:Characteristics and Performance of Embedded ANAMMOX Bacteria in Treating Saline Wastewater
Title of translation:&#28023;&#27700;&#20248;&#21270;ANAMMOX&#21253;&#22475;&#22266;&#23450;&#21270;&#21450;&#20854;&#22788;&#29702;&#21547;&#28023;&#27700;&#27745;&#27700;&#30340;&#33073;&#27694;&#24615;&#33021;
Authors:Shan, Xiao-Jing (1); Yu, De-Shuang (1); Li, Jin (1); Chen, Guang-Hui (1); Feng, Li (1); L&uuml;, Ting-Ting (1); Shao, Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jin(ljin0532@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1677-1687
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to improve the mechanical stability of the material, the embedded raw material combination was studied in the experiment, and seawater was added to optimize the performance of the material. The results indicated that the optimal material ratio was polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 125 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>)-alginate sodium (SA 20 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>)-activated carbon (40 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The curing time was 18 h. After adding seawater, the beads were found to have larger pore sizes inside, and the pores were distributed unevenly because of the Hofmeister effect. At the same time, the mechanical stability and biological capacity were found to be significantly higher than those of the fresh water group. The Raman spectra analysis showed that the addition of seawater made the-OH on PVA have greater crosslinking reactions with the crosslinker. The activated sludge was used to treat wastewater containing sea water, and after an operation of 21 d, the removal rate of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was about 90%, and the stoichiometric ratio of &Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N:&Delta;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N:&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was stable at 1:(1.04&plusmn;0.1):(0.17&plusmn;0.02). From the 21st day to the 46th day, the reactor was run in a steady state. When the nitrogen load rate doubled, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and stoichiometry had little variations. The total nitrogen removal rate was about 85%, and the total nitrogen removal load rate was 0.2 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Ammonia - Crosslinking - Mechanical stability - Pore size - Radioactive waste vitrification - Seawater effects - Wastewater treatment - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen removal - ANAMMOX - Biological capacity - Crosslinking reaction - Hofmeister effects - Material combination - Stoichiometric ratio - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 471.4  Seawater, Tides and Waves - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.25e+02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.00e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Time 6.48e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706159

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20183805835623
Title:Pollution Characteristics of PAHs in Soil from a Remote Mountain Wetland-Dajiuhu Lake, Shengnongjia
Title of translation:&#20559;&#36828;&#39640;&#23665;&#28287;&#22320;&#22303;&#22756;&#20013;PAHs&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;:&#20197;&#31070;&#20892;&#26550;&#22823;&#20061;&#28246;&#20026;&#20363;
Authors:Hu, Tian-Peng (1, 2); Xing, Xin-Li (1); Ke, Yan-Ping (1); Mao, Yao (1); Li, Ying (1); Zheng, Huang (1); Yu, Yue (1); Zhang, Jia-Quan (2); Qi, Shi-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-restoration, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi; 435003, China 
Corresponding author:Xing, Xin-Li(xingxinli5300225@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1872-1879
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ten sampling points were distributed approximately equidistantly in the Dajiuhu lake wetland, and soils from the depths 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm were collected in April 2012. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the remote mountain wetland shallow soils, and 16 kinds of USEPA priority controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants were identified. The &sum;<inf>16</inf>PAHs content ranges of the shallow soils of this region were 48.55-984.73 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 14.36-806.47 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and 12.84-1191.53 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm layers, with a mean of 302.94 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 142.98 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and 208.68 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the three layers, respectively. The concentrations of seven carcinogenic PAHs ranged from 21.20-844.29 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 2.96-592.06 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.66-964.70 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>in the three soil layers, with means of 197.25 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 93.16 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and 147.16 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> that accounted for 65.12%, 65.13%, and 69.08% of the total PAHs in the three soil layers, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs in the areas with peat were significantly higher than that in the soil. PAHs having 4-6 rings were the dominant ones. The ratios IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP) and Pyr/BaP showed that the PAHs in the shallow soil form the Dajiuhu lake wetland mainly came from burning fossil fuels and wood. In recent years, the entry of tourist vehicles has contributed significantly to the increase in PAHs. The regression analysis on peat surface layer single body PAH and total PAHs showed that Chr, BbF, IcdP, and BaA could be used as a signaling property of mountain wetland PAH pollution.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Gas chromatography - Lake pollution - Lakes - Mass spectrometry - Peat - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Regression analysis - Soils - Wetlands - Wood fuels
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic PAHs - Composition characteristics - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometries (GC-MS) - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) - Sampling points - Source apportionment - Surface layers - Tourist vehicle
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 524  Solid Fuels - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 6.91e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 3.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707218

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20183805835605
Title:Effect of Step Feed on Denitrifying Phosphorus and Nitrate Removal in a Modification of the Two Sludge A<sup>2</sup>/O-BAF System
Title of translation:&#20998;&#27573;&#36827;&#27700;&#23545;&#25913;&#33391;A<sup>2</sup>/O-BAF&#21452;&#27745;&#27877;&#31995;&#32479;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#38500;&#30967;&#33073;&#27694;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Nan, Yan-Bin (1); Peng, Yong-Zhen (2); Zeng, Li-Yun (1); Zhao, Zhi-Chao (1); Liu, Hong (1); Li, Hui (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1704-1712
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A modification of the two sludge A<sup>2</sup>/O-BAF system was used to treat low C/N real domestic sewage. In order to improve the utilization of the carbon source, the effects of two step feeds (pre-anoxic zone and anoxic zone) on denitrifying phosphorus and nitrate removal were studied. According to the formula of material balance for COD, the utilization of carbon source was analyzed and evaluated under different ratios of step feed, simultaneously. The results showed that when the ratio of step feed was 7:3 and the influent concentrations of COD, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TN, and TP were 174.99, 58.19, 59.10, and 5.15 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, their effluent concentrations were 29.48, 4.07, 14.10, and 0.40 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the removal rates were 82.12%, 92.76%, 75.45%, and 91.20%, respectively. It was found that when the ratio of the denitrifying phosphorus accumulation organisms to the phosphorus accumulation organisms(DPAOs/PAOs) was 98.81%, the efficiencies of denitrifying phosphorus and nitrate removal were optimum. By optimizing step feed, the carbon source was utilized effectively, and the efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus removal were improved simultaneously. The theoretical basis has thus been provided for the modification of the two sludge A<sup>2</sup>/O-BAF system to treat low C/N waste water.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Carbon - Denitrification - Efficiency - Effluents - Nitrates - Sewage - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon source - Low C/N - Material balance - Nitrate removal - Step-feed
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 4.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.15e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 7.55e+01%, Percentage 8.21e+01%, Percentage 9.12e+01%, Percentage 9.28e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709261

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20183805835360
Title:Effects of Long-term Fertilization Regimes on As Accumulation in Upland Red Earth and the Crops Growing on It
Title of translation:&#38271;&#26399;&#26045;&#32933;&#23545;&#26097;&#22320;&#32418;&#22756;&#21450;&#20316;&#29289;&#20013;&#30775;&#32047;&#31215;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zhang, Rong (1); Yu, Guang-Hui (1); Li, Ya-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Guang-Hui(yuguanghui@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1901-1909
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the effects of different long-term fertilization treatments on arsenic (As) accumulation in upland red earth and the crops growing on it, different fertilization treatments, including no fertilization (CK), fertilization with chemical fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), fertilization with swine manure (M), and fertilization with chemical fertilizers plus manure (NPKM), in a long-term fertilization site located in Qiyang County, Hunan Province, were selected.. The results showed that after 26 years of fertilization, both the total and available As concentrations in the soils were significantly improved in the fertilized soils (i.e., NPK, M, and NPKM) when compared to the CK soil. Meanwhile, NPK treatment had the highest As concentration (44.68 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>), which was higher than the national standard value (40 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) in acidic soils. Fertilization practices had the biggest impacts on the non-specifically-absorbed As, followed by the residual As, and the well-crystallized hydrous oxides of Fe and Al absorbed As, but minor impacts on the amorphous and poorly-crystalline hydrous oxides of Fe and Al-absorbed As, and the specifically absorbed As. Furthermore, NPKM treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of As(&#8546;) and As(&#8548;) in the soils, when compared to the other treatments. Also, M treatment could cause the accumulation of As in the grains and straws in corn. In contrast, M treatment could not cause the accumulation of As in the grains and straws in wheat. Furthermore, correlative synchrotron-radiation-based FTIR and micro X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopic analysis showed that As had a similar distribution pattern with clay-OH and C-OH.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Crops - Grain (agricultural product) - Iron - Manures - Minerals - Nitrogen fertilizers - Organic minerals - Soils - Synchrotron radiation - Synchrotrons
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Distribution patterns - Long-term fertilization - Long-term fertilization experiments - Micro X-ray fluorescence - National standard - Organic fertilizers - Synchrotron radiation techniques
Classification code:482.2  Minerals - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 545.1  Iron - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 932.1.1  Particle Accelerators
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.60e+01yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707038

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20183805835590
Title:Relationship Between Landscape Pattern and Water Quality in the Ebinur Lake Region
Title of translation:&#33406;&#27604;&#28246;&#21306;&#22495;&#26223;&#35266;&#26684;&#23616;&#19982;&#27827;&#27969;&#27700;&#36136;&#20851;&#31995;&#25506;&#35752;
Authors:Cao, Can (1); Zhang, Fei (1, 2); Yalikun, Ayinigeer (1); Zhu, Shi-Dan (1, 2); Guo, Miao (1); Talifujiang, Alimire (1); Hsiangte, Kung (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Wisdom City and Environment Modeling, College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (3) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis; 38152, United States 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Fei(zhangfei3s@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1568-1577
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To understand the effects of regional landscape patterns on water quality of rivers, we selected the Ebinur Lake area in Xinjiang as the research site. We selected and used eighteen water quality sampling points as the center, established the buffer areas based on four ranges, and extracted the land use/cover data. Firstly, the major water quality of the water collected from the Ebinar Lake area was analyzed by principal component analysis. Secondly, the effects of land use/cover on the water quality of river/lake were studied using multivariate linear analysis. Following results were obtained: &#9312; according to the six principal component analysis and eighteen surface water quality parameters collected on May 18, 2015, the coefficients were closely related. The identified water quality parameters were: total dissolved solids(TDS), SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, Na<sup>+</sup>, and total phosphorus(TP); &#9313; according to the five landscape indices, i.e. Patch Density (PD), Largest Patch Index (LPI), Edge Density (ED), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), and Contagion Index (CONTAG) in four different ranges (100 meters, 200 meters, 300 meters, and 400 meters), human activities and their impacts were uneven in the four buffer areas; &#9314; PD, LSI, and CONTAG showed strong positive correlations with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and TDS, PD showed strong positive correlations with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, while LPI showed strong positive correlation with TDS only, in the 300m buffer area.&#9315; in the 300 m buffer area, the relationships between TDS and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and their respective landscape indices were quantified by multiple linear regression analysis. The relationships between the surface water quality parameters and land uses/land covers were proved to be significant.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Lakes - Land use - Linear regression - LSI circuits - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Water pollution control - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Ebinur lakes - Landscape pattern - Multiple linear regression analysis - Multiple linear regressions - Spatial scale - Total dissolved solids - Water quality parameters - Water quality sampling
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 714.2  Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.00e+02m, Size 2.00e+02m, Size 3.00e+02m, Size 4.00e+02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704102

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20183805835601
Title:Adsorption of Tetracycline on Simulated Suspended Particles in Water
Title of translation:&#27700;&#20307;&#27169;&#25311;&#39063;&#31890;&#29289;&#23545;&#22235;&#29615;&#32032;&#30340;&#21560;&#38468;&#29305;&#24615;&#21450;&#22522;&#26412;&#35268;&#24459;
Authors:Xu, Long-Feng (1, 2); Wei, Qun-Shan (1, 2); L&uuml;, Qiang (1, 2); Tang, Li-Peng (1, 2); Liu, Ya-Nan (1, 2); Liu, Jian-She (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai; 201620, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, Qun-Shan(qswei@dhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1668-1676
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The mechanism of adsorption of a typical antibiotic (tetracycline, TC) on particles in the aquatic environment and the parameters affecting adsorption were investigated. Experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of pH and various cation species with different concentrations. The results show that the adsorption of TC on particles is rapid during the first four hours in the mixing stage. The adsorption process becomes slow after the first four hours. The adsorption of TC on particles can be described well by a Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption of TC on particles occurs at pH 4.5, however it is reduced by strongly acidic (pH&lt;4) or alkaline (pH&gt;9) conditions. Moreover, the adsorption process is also inhibited by various cations (e.g. Na<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>) in the range of 0.000 1-0.1 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> ionic concentrations. A special finding concerns Al<sup>3+</sup> ions; at a low concentration of these ions (0-0.000 1 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) the adsorption of TC on particles improves, whereas at increased concentrations the adsorption is weakened. In summary, an effective removal of the particles is critical to control TC pollution in natural waters because of the rapid adsorption of TC on particles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Kaolin - Pollution control - Positive ions - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption process - Aquatic environments - Effective removals - Ionic concentrations - Isothermal adsorption - Low concentrations - Suspended particles - Tetracycline
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 482.2  Minerals - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e+03mol/m3 to 1.00e+02mol/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707225

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20183805835599
Title:Removing Typical Odorants in Drinking Water by Vacuum Ultraviolet Combined with Chlorine
Title of translation:&#30495;&#31354;&#32043;&#22806;/&#27695;&#22788;&#29702;&#39278;&#29992;&#27700;&#20856;&#22411;&#33268;&#21957;&#29289;&#36136;
Authors:Sun, Xin (1); Zhang, Yi (1); Shi, Lu-Xiao (1); Chen, Xiao-Han (1); Tang, Xiao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Xi'an Jumping Water Environment Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an; 710075, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1654-1660
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:For the effective removal of two typical odorants found in drinking water, 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM), which cannot be effectively removed by the conventional water treatment processes, the advanced oxidation process of vacuum ultraviolet combined with chlorine (VUV/chlorine) was studied. The efficiency of this technology in the removal of these typical odorants was investigated; the effects of ultraviolet intensity, chlorine concentration, pH, bicarbonate concentration, and humic acid concentration on the degradation of these typical odorants were examined, and the role of hydroxyl radicals (&bull;OH) in the degradation of these typical odorants was analyzed. The purge and trap method coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the concentrations of the typical odorants. The results showed that the VUV/chlorine technology removed typical odorants effectively, and the removal rates of 2-MIB and GSM increased by 15% and 8%, respectively, in 30 minutes, compared with that by the UV/chlorine technology. With the increase in chlorine concentration and ultraviolet intensity, the degradation rates of the typical odorants was accelerated. The removal of the typical odorants was obvious under weak acid condition, and the removal rates of 2-MIB and GSM reached 95% and 96%, respectively, in 10 minutes under the condition of pH 5. Bicarbonate and humic acid competed with free radicals in the reaction system to inhibit the degradation of the typical odorants. The removal rates of 2-MIB and GSM decreased appreciably by 40% and 31%, respectively, when 1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> tert-butanol was added to the reaction mixture, which indicated that hydroxyl radicals (&bull;OH) played a major role in the removal of these typical odorants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Degradation - Free radicals - Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Odors - Organic acids - Potable water - Reaction rates
Uncontrolled terms:2-methylisoborneol - Geosmin - Hydroxyl radicals - Influence factors - VUV/chlorine
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e+00mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 3.10e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Time 1.80e+03s, Time 6.00e+02s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707208

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20183805835589
Title:Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Correlation with Water Quality in a Urban River: A Case Study of the Lujiang River in Beilun, Ningbo
Title of translation:&#22478;&#38215;&#21270;&#27827;&#27969;&#28342;&#35299;&#24615;&#26377;&#26426;&#36136;&#30340;&#33639;&#20809;&#29305;&#24615;&#19982;&#27700;&#36136;&#30456;&#20851;&#24615;:&#20197;&#23425;&#27874;&#24066;&#21271;&#20177;&#21306;&#33446;&#27743;&#20026;&#20363;
Authors:Cao, Chang-Li (1, 2); Liang, Meng-Qi (2, 3); He, Gui-Ying (4); Zong, Ya-Nan (2, 3); Tang, Jian-Feng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (2) Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo; 315830, China; (3) College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241000, China; (4) Environmental Protection Agency of Beilun, Ningbo; 315800, China 
Corresponding author:Tang, Jian-Feng(jftang@iue.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1560-1567
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy combined with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) analysis were adopted to analyze the water samples collected from the Lujiang River, which flows through the rapidly urbanizing areas of Beilun, Ningbo, in order to illuminate the composition and characteristics of the spatial distribution of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), and further to explain its correlation with water quality in the urban river. The results showed that FDOM was composed of tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like, soluble microbial by-product-like, fulvic-like, and humic-like materials, and FDOM was dominated by protein-like components, accounting for 83.8% of the total fluorescence intensity, while humic-like components accounted for much less. The concentrations of the water quality parameters, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and metals, were linearly correlated with the total fluorescence intensity of all components, indicating that FDOM was significantly related to the removal and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus. The distribution of FDOM in different areas has the following characteristics: FDOM was low and not distinctly influenced by human activities in the upstream, while in the downstream, FDOM was high and showed the characteristics typical of that in urbanized rivers. Therefore, anthropogenic activities can greatly influence river water quality and the concentration and composition of FDOM.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biogeochemistry - Dissolution - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Linear transformations - Mathematical transformations - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Organic compounds  - Phosphorus - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopies - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence intensities - Fluorescence regional integration (FRI) - Fluorescence regional integration (FRI) analysis - Urban river - Water quality parameters
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921.3  Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.38e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707147

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20183805835619
Title:Insight into the Mechanism of Feammox in the Surface Soils of a Riparian Zone
Title of translation:&#27827;&#23736;&#24102;&#34920;&#23618;&#22303;&#22756;&#30340;&#38081;&#27688;&#27687;&#21270;(Feammox)&#33073;&#27694;&#26426;&#21046;&#30340;&#25506;&#31350;
Authors:Ding, Bang-Jing (1); Li, Zheng-Kui (1); Zhu, Hong-Jie (1); Chen, Shi (1); Qin, Yun-Bin (1); Yang, Jian-Hua (1); Hu, You-You (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Zheng-Kui(zhkuili@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1833-1839
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron (&#8546;) reduction (termed Feammox) is a recently discovered pathway of nitrogen cycling. However, little is known about the pathways of N transformation via the Feammox process in riparian zones. In this study, evidence of Feammox in the riparian zone soil layers (0-20 cm) was demonstrated using the isotope tracing technique and a high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that Feammox occurred in the riparian zones in four different soil layers (A:0-5 cm, B:5-10 cm, C:10-15 cm, D:15-20 cm) and the Feammox rates ranged from 0.25 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.29 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. In the B soil sample, the Feammox rate was significantly higher than in the other soil samples (P&lt;0.05). In addition, iron reducing bacteria played an essential role in the Feammox process, and Anaeromyxobacter and Geobacter were detected in all the soil samples. In the B soil sample, the abundance of iron reducing bacteria was significantly higher than in the other soil samples (P&lt;0.05). Overall, the co-occurrence of ammonium oxidation and iron reduction suggest that Feammox can play an essential role in the pathway of nitrogen removal in riparian zones.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Iron - Isotopes - Nitrogen removal - Soil surveys - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium oxidation - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Feammox - High-throughput sequencing - Iron reducing bacteria - Isotope labeling - Nitrogen cycling - Riparian zone soils
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 545.1  Iron
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 5.00e-02m, Size 1.00e-01m to 1.50e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 2.00e-01m, Size 5.00e-02m to 1.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20183805835364
Title:Effects of Short-term Exogenous Nitrogen and Carbon Input on Soil Respiration Under Changing Precipitation Pattern
Title of translation:&#22806;&#28304;&#30899;&#21644;&#27694;&#36755;&#20837;&#23545;&#38477;&#27700;&#21464;&#21270;&#19979;&#22303;&#22756;&#21628;&#21560;&#30340;&#30701;&#26399;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:He, Yun-Long (1, 2); Qi, Yu-Chun (1); Peng, Qin (1); Dong, Yun-She (1); Guo, Shu-Fang (1, 2); Yan, Zhong-Qing (1, 2); Li, Zhao-Lin (1, 2); Wang, Li-Qin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Dong, Yun-She(dongys@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1934-1942
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The responses of soil respiration to exogenous carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) inputs under changing precipitation patterns were explored via in-situ field experiments. In 2014, a typical temperate grassland on the Xilin River of Inner Mongolia was taken as the research site, and soil respiration was measured in the following treatments: addition of water alone (CK), addition of water + N fertilizer [CN, 2.5 g&bull;( m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>], addition of water + labile C [CG, 24 g&bull;( m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>], and addition of water + N fertilizer+ labile C [CNG, 2.5 g&bull;( m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>+24 g&bull;( m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a) <sup>-1</sup>], and the correlations of soil respiration with soil temperature, soil moisture, soil dissolved organic C (DOC), and soil microbial biomass C (MBC) were analyzed. During the first water application event (FWE) with the frequency of natural precipitation, cumulative CO<inf>2</inf> efflux over 168 hours significantly increased in the CG and CNG treatments, whereas there was no such change in the CN treatment. In addition, soil MBC contents in the CG and CNG treatments were significantly higher than that in the CK and CN treatments, and the correlation of average soil respiration rate with soil MBC content among these treatments was positively significant (P&lt;0.05). In contrast with during the FWE, cumulative CO<inf>2</inf> efflux over 168 hours and soil MBC content significantly decreased during the second water application event (SWE) with no natural precipitation (P&lt;0.05), whereas soil DOC content significantly increased (P&lt;0.05). The cumulative CO<inf>2</inf> efflux over 168 hours significantly decreases in the CN and CG treatments (P&lt;0.05).During both the water application events, soil respiration rate had a positive relationship with soil temperature and soil volume water content (P&lt;0.05). Therefore, it is proposed that the distribution of natural precipitation influences soil water content, which controls the effects of exogenous C and N on soil respiration in semiarid grassland ecosystems.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Ecosystems - Fertilizers - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:CO2 emissions - Nitrogen deposition - Precipitation patterns - Semi-arid grasslands - Soil microbes - Soil microbial biomass c - Soil respiration rates - Temperate grasslands
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Time 6.05e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707245

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20183805835582
Title:Emission Factors of Heavy Metals in Size-resolved Particles Emitted from Residential Coal Combustion
Title of translation:&#27665;&#29992;&#29123;&#29028;&#25490;&#25918;&#20998;&#32423;&#39063;&#31890;&#29289;&#20013;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#25490;&#25918;&#22240;&#23376;
Authors:Yan, Qin (1); Kong, Shao-Fei (1, 2); Liu, Hai-Biao (1); Wang, Wei (1); Wu, Jian (2); Zheng, Ming-Ming (2); Zheng, Shu-Rui (2); Yang, Guo-Wei (2); Wu, Fang-Qi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan; 430074, China 
Corresponding author:Kong, Shao-Fei(kongshaofei@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1502-1511
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on a dilution sampling system and domestic burning tests, size-segregated particles emitted from burning of three kinds of honeycomb coals (in view of flaming and smoldering burning conditions) and four kinds of raw coals, were collected by cascade impactors (FA-3). The contents of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb were analyzed to get their emission factors (EFs) in different particle size fractions. Results indicated that:&#9312; Zn and Pb dominated the emitted mass of heavy metals from chunk (53.16%-65.76%) and honeycomb (96.08% in 0.43 &mu;m) during the flaming combustion condition. However, the emission of Ni was increased from 30.70% to 52.36% in the smoldering condition. Thus, combustion condition may affect the composition of heavy metals in particle matters. &#9313; In the flaming condition, both chunk and honeycomb emission factors of heavy metals were concentrated under 1.1 &mu;m, while the larger sized particles in the range of 5.8-10 &mu;m were distributed. So, heavy metal components may shift to the larger size of the particles at lower combustion temperatures. &#9314; Fine particle matters(PM) was divided into three categories based on the size distribution of 11 kinds of heavy metal emission factors. The maximum emission values of As and V fell under the PM size category of 5.8-10 &mu;m. The fourth cycle transition metal elements, such as Cr, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Co, fell in the range of 1.1-2.1 &mu;m and these elements represented similar emission characteristic features. Other elements, such as Pb, Sb, Cd, and Zn, were concentrated in sizes less than 0.43 &mu;m. &#9315; The additive in the honeycomb during the process may import several kinds of heavy metals and may change the combustion temperature, which remodels the mechanism of heavy metal emission. Thus, honeycomb coal may emit different heavy metals under different combustion conditions.The heavy metal emission mechanism during honeycomb coal combustion needs further investigation and the emission reduction effects (especially of heavy metals) needs to be re-estimated.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Coal - Emission control - Heavy metals - Honeycomb structures - Housing - Meteorological instruments - Particle size - Size distribution - Transition metals
Uncontrolled terms:Different particle sizes - Emission characteristics - Emission factors - Particle matter - Residential coal combustions - Residential coals - Size-resolved particles - Transition metal elements
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 524  Solid Fuels - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.07e+01% to 5.24e+01%, Percentage 5.32e+01% to 6.58e+01%, Percentage 9.61e+01%, Size 1.10e-06m, Size 1.10e-06m to 2.10e-06m, Size 4.30e-07m, Size 5.80e-06m to 1.00e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707063

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20183805835592
Title:Dynamic Variations and Sources of Nitrate During Dry Season in the Lijiang River
Title of translation:&#28435;&#27743;&#27573;&#22320;&#34920;&#27700;&#20307;&#26097;&#23395;&#30813;&#37240;&#30416;&#21160;&#24577;&#21464;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#20854;&#26469;&#28304;
Authors:Miao, Ying (1); Zhang, Cheng (1); Xiao, Qiong (1); Zhao, Hai-Juan (1, 2); Li, Cheng-Xi (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (3) Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Ji'nan; 250101, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Cheng(chzhang@karst.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1589-1597
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dynamic variations and sources of nitrate during dry season in the Lijiang River were analyzed using the nitrate concentrations and <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>18</sup>O isotope techniques, from the samples obtained from 13 sections in the Lijiang River from September 28, 2016 to December 28, 2016. Results show that the nitrate concentrations range from 0.46 to 18.48 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 6.18 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and that the nitrate levels are low during the dry season. Nitrate concentrations in the Lijiang River increase slowly from September to December, mainly being influenced by rainfall, runoff, and human activity. Nitrate concentrations in the Lijiang River from upstream to downstream show a trend of "increase-decrease-increase." Nitrate in the Lijiang River during the dry season mainly originates from organic nitrogen in soil, human and animal feces, sewage (largely living sewage), human and animal waste, and tourism. In order to better protect the water quality of the Lijiang River, the urban sewage pipe network must be expanded, in addition to building small sewage treatment facilities and strengthening tourism management and environmental awareness.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Animals - Drought - Isotopes - Nitrates - Sewage treatment - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Dynamic variations - Environmental awareness - Human activities - Isotope techniques - Nitrate concentration - Sewage treatment facilities - Source - Tourism management
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 4.60e-04kg/m3 to 1.85e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.18e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708140

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20183805835616
Title:Driving Factors of the Dynamics of Microbial Community in a Dam of Copper Mine Tailings
Title of translation:&#38108;&#23614;&#30719;&#24211;&#22365;&#38754;&#22303;&#22756;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#32676;&#33853;&#21160;&#24577;&#30340;&#39537;&#21160;&#22240;&#23376;
Authors:Li, Cui (1); Jing, Ju-Hui (2); Liu, Jin-Xian (2); Chai, Bao-Feng (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environmental Economics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China 
Corresponding author:Chai, Bao-Feng(bfchai@sxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1804-1812
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The relative importance of the deterministic versus stochastic processes underlying community dynamics has long been a central theme in community ecology, and is intensively debated in the field. Microbial communities play key roles in nutrient cycling and the flow of energy in ecosystems. The research on the structural dynamics of microbial community will provide data and theoretical support for understanding the assembly mechanisms of community, and for predicting the dynamics of microbial community under environmental stress. In this study, the Illumina MiSeq method was applied to investigate the structural dynamics of bacterial and fungal community in a dam of Shibahe mine tailings at different restoration stages (1-45 years). The results indicated that the soil physicochemical properties in the dam of mine tailings formed an ecological gradient, and the plant community showed succession along the restoration time. The diversity of plant communities was significantly correlated with soil nutrient contents but not with soil heavy metal contents. The structure of the microbial communities showed significant differences at different restoration stages of the dam land, in which Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla, and Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. The assembly of the microbial community was shaped mainly by the soil nutrients and soil heavy metal contents, but plant diversity had no significant effect on the microbial community structure. It was suggested that edaphic factors drive the dynamics of microbial communities under the stress conditions of pH and heavy metals on small, local scales.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Ecosystems
Controlled terms:Copper mines - Dams - Digital storage - Dynamics - Fungi - Heavy metals - Microorganisms - Nutrients - Random processes - Restoration  - Soils - Stochastic systems - Structural dynamics - Tailings
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological gradients - Edaphic factors - Environmental stress - Microbial communities - Microbial community structures - Soil physico-chemical properties - Structure dynamics - Tailing dam
Classification code:408  Structural Design - 441.1  Dams - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 504.3  Heavy Metal Mines - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 922.1  Probability Theory - 961  Systems Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+00yr to 4.50e+01yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707148

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20183805835596
Title:Simulating the Fate of Typical Organochlorine Pesticides in the Multimedia Environment of the Pearl River Delta
Title of translation:&#20856;&#22411;&#26377;&#26426;&#27695;&#20892;&#33647;&#22312;&#29664;&#19977;&#35282;&#22320;&#21306;&#22810;&#20171;&#36136;&#29615;&#22659;&#20013;&#30340;&#24402;&#36235;&#27169;&#25311;
Authors:Gao, Zi-Wen (1); Xu, Yue (1); Yi, Ru-Han (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (2) Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (3) Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Yi, Ru-Han(tyiruhan@jnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1628-1636
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A level &#8547; multimedia fugacity model was established to simulate the fate of p,p'-DDT and &gamma;-HCH in special climatic conditions, such as in the high temperature and humidity environment of the Pearl River Delta, China. The law of migration and transformation of p,p'-DDT and &gamma;-HCH were approached by the &#8547; multimedia fugacity model, corrected for time and temperature change during 1952-2030. The simulation results showed a better response of the variation of pollutant concentrations to the changes in the pesticide application policy; the concentrations of these two targets in air, water, soil, and sediment were found continuing to increase with the growth of application rates, and decreased with the prohibition in the use of pesticide. We predicted that concentrations will decrease to 6.1&times;10<sup>-12</sup>, 3.2&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, 6.07&times;10<sup>-7</sup>, and 8.72&times;10<sup>-7</sup> mol&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> for p,p'-DDT, and to 3.37&times;10<sup>-11</sup>, 1.14&times;10<sup>-8</sup>, 1.21&times;10<sup>-6</sup>, and 4.18&times;10<sup>-7</sup> mol&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> for &gamma;-HCH, in air, water, soil, and sediment, respectively, by 2030. The output values of the &#8547; multimedia fugacity model corrected by designating temperature as a variable parameter, was closer to the survey results than the simulation results obtained by using the model with a constant temperature parameter. The results also showed the pattern of organochlorine pesticides transformation in the whole environmental media in the study area as follow: the pollutants transferred from air to soil, air to water, soil to water, and from water to sediment, and were lastly stored in the soil and sediment. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the emission rate, degradation rate, temperature, and lgK<inf>ow</inf> had significant influences on the concentrations of p,p'-DDT and &gamma;-HCH in all the above-mentioned environmental medias. Uncertainty analysis showed that changes in the whole parameter sets had great impact on air concentrations. There were seasonal variations in the distribution of organochlorine pesticide concentrations, and temperature change had influence on its partition in the environment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Degradation - Gems - Pesticides - Rivers - Sediments - Sensitivity analysis - Soil pollution - Soils - Surveys - Uncertainty analysis  - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Constant temperature - Fugacity model - Multimedia environment - Organochlorine pesticides - Pearl River delta - Pesticide applications - Pollutant concentration - Temperature changes
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 453  Water Pollution - 482.2.1  Gems - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 921  Mathematics - 922.1  Probability Theory
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708154

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20183805835593
Title:Heavy Metal Pollution of the Drinking Water Sources in the Liujiang River Basin, and Related Health Risk Assessments
Title of translation:&#26611;&#27743;&#27969;&#22495;&#39278;&#29992;&#27700;&#28304;&#22320;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#27745;&#26579;&#19982;&#20581;&#24247;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Zhang, Qing-Hua (1, 2); Wei, Yong-Zhu (3); Cao, Jian-Hua (2, 4); Yu, Shi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau, Liuzhou; 545000, China; (4) International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Shi(yushi@karst.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1598-1607
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The characteristics of heavy metal pollution in drinking water in the Liujiang river basin and its potential hazards on human health were investigated. In this study, the regular water-quality indices and the contents of metal elements Cd, As, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, and Mn in the Liujiang river and its main tributaries were detected from January to December of 2016. The health risks of drinking contaminated water were evaluated by the health risk assessment model recommended by the US EPA. The results showed that the concentrations of all of the aforementioned metal elements, except Hg, did not exceed the limits recommended by China's surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Pearson correlation analysis of the concentrations of metal elements indicated that Cd, Pb, As, and Fe may have similar sources, and Cu, Cr, Hg, and Zn may have source of diversity, while there was no significant correlation between the concentrations of metal elements and the pH value. The carcinogenic health risks posed by heavy metal elements in the Liujiang river basin in adults and children were 4.52E-04 a<sup>-1</sup> and 5.91E-04 a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, while the non-carcinogenic health risks were 8.96E-09 a<sup>-1</sup> and 1.14E-08 a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The heavy metal elements in drinking water, on the basis of their average carcinogenic health risks, were ranked as Cr&gt;As&gt;Cd, and the risk levels ranged from 3.58E-06 to 1.21E-04 a<sup>-1</sup>; the risk values of Cr and As were higher than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP (5.0&times;10<sup>-5</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>). Simultaneously, the risk levels of the average non-carcinogenic health risks ranged from 3.53E-12 to 2.87E-09 a<sup>-1</sup>, and the range was lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by EPA. Carcinogens, especially Cr and As, are the main causes of health risks in the aquatic environment of the Liujiang river basin, and should be prioritized as the main objects of aquatic environmental risk management in the Liujiang river basin.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Chromium - Correlation methods - Environmental Protection Agency - Health - Health hazards - Health risks - Heavy metals - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Models - Potable water  - Risk assessment - Risk management - Rivers - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Drinking water sources - Environmental quality standards - Environmental risk managements - Heavy metal pollution - Pearson correlation analysis - River basins - Water quality indexes - Water source
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 543.1  Chromium and Alloys - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708210

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20183805835609
Title:Removal of Antibiotics During In-situ Sludge Ozone-reduction Process
Title of translation:&#27745;&#27877;&#33261;&#27687;&#21407;&#20301;&#20943;&#37327;&#24037;&#33402;&#20013;&#25239;&#29983;&#32032;&#30340;&#21435;&#38500;
Authors:Wang, Lu (1, 2); Ben, Wei-Wei (1); Li, Yan-Gang (1); Qiang, Zhi-Min (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) Marine Fishery Environment and Bioremediation Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao; 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Qiang, Zhi-Min(qiangz@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1739-1747
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two sequencing batch reactors were established at bench-scale, with one used as an in-situ sludge ozone-reduction system and the other as a control system. Both systems were continuously operated for 90 days to comparatively investigate the elimination of nine typical antibiotics (i.e., tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxytetracycline, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin, and azithromycin) during the in-situ sludge ozone-reduction process. Results indicated that the presence of target antibiotics in the influent (100 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> each) had an insignificant influence on the removal of COD, total nitrogen, ammonia, and total phosphorus by the activated sludge. The antibiotic concentrations in the effluent of the reduction system remained fairly stable over the entire operation period, and were similar to those in the effluent of the control system; however, the antibiotic concentrations in the sludge of the reduction system were obviously lower than those in the control system sludge. Mass balance calculations revealed that the input and output of target antibiotics gradually approached balance in both the systems. Ozone degradation and excess sludge discharge were the main pathways for target antibiotic removal in the reduction and the control systems, respectively. The influent antibiotics could be degraded by 83% in the sludge ozonation module of the reduction system, while 82% of the influent antibiotics were discharged with excess sludge in the control system. Therefore, the in-situ sludge ozone-reduction process could greatly reduce the release of antibiotics from the activated sludge system, which is of great importance in practice.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Activated sludge process
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Antibiotics - Batch reactors - Control systems - Nitrogen removal - Ozone - Ozonization
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge systems - Antibiotic concentration - Antibiotic removal - Mass-balance calculations - Oxytetracyclines (OTC) - Phosphorus recovery - Sequencing batch reactors - Sludge reduction
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 731.1  Control Systems - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.20e+01%, Percentage 8.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708229

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20183805835598
Title:Chlorination of Naproxen: Removal, Transformation and Risk Assessment
Title of translation:&#33816;&#26222;&#29983;&#22312;&#27695;&#28040;&#27602;&#36807;&#31243;&#20013;&#30340;&#21435;&#38500;, &#36716;&#21270;&#19982;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Fan, Xin-Xin (1); Du, Er-Deng (1); Li, Jia-Qi (1); Zhao, Li-Li (1); Wang, Yu-Lin (1); Peng, Ming-Guo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental &amp; Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China 
Corresponding author:Du, Er-Deng(duerdeng@cczu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1645-1653
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The by-products produced during chlorination of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have created widespread public concern. Chlorination of a typical PhAC, naproxen (NAP), was studied. NAP chlorination parameters, intermediates identification, chlorination mechanism, and risk assessment during chlorination process have also been discussed. The results showed that NAP chlorination could fit well with the fist-order kinetics. The rate of removal and rate constants of NAP chlorination decreased with increasing initial NAP concentration and ammonium dosage, while these values increased with increasing initial free chlorine concentration. Acidic condition of the solution could significantly promote NAP chlorination. Five intermediates were identified by HPLC-MS/MS, and the mechanism of NAP chlorination was also put forward. Vibrio fischeri toxicity analysis and ESCOAR prediction indicated that higher toxicity intermediates were produced during NAP chlorination, which pose a potential threat to drinking water safety.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Chlorination
Controlled terms:Degradation - Potable water - Rate constants - Risk assessment - Toxicity
Uncontrolled terms:Acidic conditions - Chlorination process - Degradation mechanism - Intermediate product - Naproxens - Pharmaceutically active compounds - Potential threats - Vibrio fischeri
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 461.7  Health Care - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707042

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20183805835597
Title:Mechanisms and Efficiencies of Removal of PPCPs by Pilot River Water Bypass Treatment Process
Title of translation:&#27827;&#36947;&#27700;&#26049;&#36335;&#22788;&#29702;&#20013;&#35797;&#24037;&#33402;&#20013;PPCPs&#30340;&#21435;&#38500;&#25928;&#26524;&#21450;&#26426;&#21046;
Authors:Li, Li (1, 2); Zhu, Bing (2); Bai, Yao (2); Zhao, Jian (2); Cao, Zhi-Qi (2); Guo, Hong-Li (2); Li, Ling-Yun (2); Zuo, Jian-E (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Beijing Enterprises Water Group (China) Investment Limited, Beijing; 100102, China 
Corresponding author:Zuo, Jian-E(jiane.zuo@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1637-1644
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) released into urban rivers are triggering certain ecological risks. The current study investigated the removal efficiencies of 30 frequently detected PPCPs by two river water bypass treatment processes (CS-BAF-UF-Ozone and CS-MBR-Ozone), and investigated the removal mechanism and eco-toxicological risk variation of target compounds via section-removal investigation and risk quotient model, respectively. Results indicated that both processes could efficiently remove the target PPCPs; the removal rates of tetracyclines and caffeine were&gt;90% in the biological sections, while sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, and other pharmaceuticals could only be efficiently removed when the COD of the influent and the water temperature were comparatively higher; the ozone process had particular effect on removing these compounds. The cumulative removal rate of all PPCPs during the whole process was higher than 92.5%. The total risk quotient (RQ<inf>tot</inf>) of target PPCPs could be efficiently reduced by the bypass treatment processes; the RQ<inf>tot</inf> decreased from 12.6 in the influent river water to 0.2 in the ozone effluent, with a removal rate of 98.4%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Water treatment
Controlled terms:Amides - Efficiency - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Ozone - Rivers - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Biological treatment - Ecological risks - Pharmaceuticals and personal care products - Removal efficiencies - Removal mechanism - River water - Treatment process - Water temperatures
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.25e+01%, Percentage 9.84e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707092

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20183805835365
Title:Effects of Simulated Precipitation Reduction on Soil Respiration in a Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation Cropland
Title of translation:&#27169;&#25311;&#38477;&#27700;&#37327;&#20943;&#23569;&#23545;&#22823;&#35910;-&#20908;&#23567;&#40614;&#36718;&#20316;&#20892;&#30000;&#22303;&#22756;&#21628;&#21560;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Wang, Zhao-Hui (1, 2); Chen, Shu-Tao (1, 2); Sun, Lu (1, 2); Hu, Zheng-Hua (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Shu-Tao(chenstyf@aliyun.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1943-1951
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the effects of precipitation reduction on soil respiration in rainfed croplands, a field experiment was performed in a soybean-winter wheat cropland. A randomized block design including three treatments, viz. control (CK), 20% precipitation reduction (P20%), and 40% precipitation reduction (P40%), was used. Seasonal variabilities in soil respiration, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured. Rates of soil CO<inf>2</inf> production, nitrification and denitrification, and harvested crop biomass were also measured. Results indicated that the seasonal mean soil respiration rates for CK, P20%, and P40% treatments in the soybean growing season were (4.91&plusmn;0.67), (4.19&plusmn;0.39), and (4.35&plusmn;0.32) &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. There was no significant difference (P&gt;0.05) in the mean soil respiration rates between treatments during the soybean growing season. The seasonal mean soil respiration rates for CK, P20%, and P40% treatments during the winter wheat growing season were (2.39&plusmn;0.17), (2.03&plusmn;0.02), and (1.94&plusmn;0.05) &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. There was a significant (P&lt;0.05) difference in the mean soil respiration rates between treatments during the winter wheat growing season. Precipitation reduction decreased the soil CO<inf>2</inf> production rates, but had no obvious impacts on soil nitrification and denitrification rates. Precipitation reduction had no significant (P&gt;0.05) effects on the root, shoot, and seed biomass of soybean, but significantly (P&lt;0.05) decreased the root, shoot, and seed biomass of winter wheat. Soil temperature was the main driver of the seasonal variation in soil respiration. Soil respiration increased exponentially with the increase in soil temperature. There was no significant (P&gt;0.05) difference in the coefficient of temperature sensitivity (Q<inf>10</inf>) between different treatments. Based on the precipitation reduction experiments of duration longer than one year in previous studies and in our present study, a significant linear regression relationship between the amount of reduced soil respiration and the amount of precipitation reduction was found, indicating that substantial precipitation reduction showed more obvious inhibition effects on soil respiration. This study also suggested that the effects of precipitation reduction on soil respiration varied between crop growing seasons, which may be attributed to the different precipitation intensities in different growing seasons.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Stream flow
Controlled terms:Biomass - Carbon dioxide - Crops - Cultivation - Denitrification - Nitrification - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Cropland - Nitrification and denitrification - Precipitation intensity - Regression relationship - Seasonal variability - Soil respiration - Soil respiration rates - Temperature sensitivity
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709009

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20183805835583
Title:Distribution of Oxalate in Atmospheric Aerosols and the Related Influencing Factors in Qingdao, During Winter and Spring
Title of translation:&#20908;, &#26149;&#23395;&#38738;&#23707;&#22823;&#27668;&#27668;&#28342;&#33014;&#20013;&#20057;&#20108;&#37240;&#30340;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#24433;&#21709;&#22240;&#32032;
Authors:Zhang, Shuai (1); Shi, Jin-Hui (1, 2); Yao, Xiao-Hong (1, 2); Gao, Hui-Wang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Jin-Hui(engroup@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1512-1519
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A total of 119 total suspended particle (TSP) samples were collected in Qingdao from December 2012 to April 2013. Concentrations of oxalate in TSP were measured to investigate the distributional characteristics of oxalate and the related influencing factors, in winter and spring. The concentrations of oxalate in Qingdao aerosols were 31-370 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> with an average of 104 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in winter, and 11-1 926 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> with an average of 400 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in spring, with a significant difference between the concentrations in the two seasons. Different weather conditions affected the distribution of oxalate in aerosols. The oxalate concentration in TSP was the highest in the hazy days, followed by that in the dusty days, while this concentration in foggy days was close to that in the clear days, and the lowest concentration of oxalate appeared in the rainy days. Oxalate in Qingdao aerosols exhibited a significant positive correlation with temperature and solar radiation, suggesting that the secondary production of oxalic acid via photochemical oxidation has an important contribution to the oxalate concentrations in aerosols. The mechanisms of secondary formation of oxalate in aerosols in winter and spring are possibly different, with the aqueous phase oxidation process predominating in winter and the gas-phase oxidation-driven process predominating in spring. The results of PMF source analysis also showed that the secondary formation is the main source of oxalate in Qingdao aerosol, and its contribution to oxalate production is nearly 45% in winter and 70% in spring. The concentration of oxalate in spring aerosol was significantly higher than that in winter aerosol, the main reason of which was that temperature and solar radiation in spring were significantly higher than those in winter, promoting the secondary formation of particulate oxalate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Oxalic acid
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Atmospheric aerosols - Oxidation - Solar radiation
Uncontrolled terms:Aqueous phase oxidations - Dicarboxylic acid - Oxalate - Photochemical oxidation - Positive correlations - Qingdao - Source analysis - Total suspended particles
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 657.1  Solar Energy and Phenomena - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.50e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707168

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20183805835606
Title:Achieving Partial Nitritation in a Continuous-flow Aerobic Granular Sludge Reactor at Different Temperatures Through Ratio Control
Title of translation:&#19981;&#21516;&#28201;&#24230;&#19979;&#24212;&#29992;&#27604;&#20540;&#25511;&#21046;&#23454;&#29616;&#36830;&#32493;&#27969;&#22909;&#27687;&#39063;&#31890;&#27745;&#27877;&#30701;&#31243;&#30813;&#21270;
Authors:Liang, Dong-Bo (1); Bian, Wei (1); Kan, Rui-Zhe (2); Wang, Wen-Xiao (1); Zhao, Qing (1); Sun, Yi-Qi (1); Li, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) City Planning Technology Service Center of Beijing, Beijing; 100045, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jun(jglijun@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1713-1719
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Mature aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was inoculated in a continuous-flow reactor to treat low ammonia sewage, and the feasibility of achieving partial nitritation in a continuous-flow aerobic sludge system and the demand for R value (the ratio of dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen) when partial nitritation is achieved at different temperatures (30, 20, and 10&#8451;) were investigated. The control strategy was designed to maintain a constant ratio between dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N). The results revealed that stable nitritation in a continuous-flow aerobic sludge reactor could be achieved via ratio control, and the value of R were 0.50 (&plusmn;0.05), 0.35 (&plusmn;0.03), and 0.20 (&plusmn;0.02) at the temperatures 30, 20, and 10&#8451;, respectively, from which it can be concluded that stronger oxygen-limiting conditions were required when the temperature was lower. The experiment of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have a certain concentration, and the relative number of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) gradually reduced through the ratio control strategy. Based on the ratio control strategy and the characteristics of wastewater quality, full nitritation of high ammonia wastewater may be allowed; however, for low ammonia wastewater, only partial nitritation is recommended.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Biochemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - Fluorescence microscopy - Granular materials - Nitrogen - Sewage - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic granular sludges - Continuous flows - Low temperatures - Partial nitritation - Ratio control
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 931.4  Quantum Theory; Quantum Mechanics - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708067

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20183805835588
Title:Effect of Air Pollution on the Cold Disease in Shanghai
Title of translation:&#19978;&#28023;&#24066;&#22823;&#27668;&#27745;&#26579;&#23545;&#24863;&#20882;&#30142;&#30149;&#30456;&#23545;&#21361;&#38505;&#24230;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Yang, Si-Xu (1); Ma, Yu-Xia (1); Zhou, Jian-Ding (1); Zhou, Ji (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health in Shanghai, Shanghai; 200030, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Yu-Xia(mayuxia07@lzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1552-1559
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study discusses the changes in the daily average concentrations of the main air pollutants, such as PM<inf>10</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, O<inf>3</inf>, and NO<inf>2</inf>, in Shanghai, and the effects of air pollution on cold in Shanghai. For this study, data on air pollutants, meteorological factors, and the number of daily hospital visits from cold in Shanghai were collected from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010. Using the time series Poisson semi-parametric generalized additive model, and controlling for the long-term trend, "week" effect, and meteorological factors by smoothing the spline function, the exposure-response relationship between air pollution and human health in Shanghai was analyzed. The study sets up the model according to age, evaluating the impact and the lag effect of air pollution on the number of daily hospital visits. Results show that when PM<inf>10</inf>, NO<inf>2</inf>, O<inf>3</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> increase by an IQR, the relative risk of cold disease is 1.024 0 (1.023 3-1.024 6), 1.020 6 (1.020 1-1.021 2), 0.939 3 (0.938 4-0.940 2), and 1.008 0 (1.006 9-1.008 6), and when PM<inf>10</inf>, NO<inf>2</inf>, O<inf>3</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> increase by 10 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, the daily hospital visits increase by 0.5%, 1.0%, -2.0%, and 0.2%. In the multi-polluted model, the results of NO<inf>2</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> are basically lower compared to the results of the single-pollutant model, the results of PM<inf>10</inf> and O<inf>3</inf>are higher. Air pollution in Shanghai has an impact on the incidence of cold disease.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Hospitals - Nitrogen oxides - Particles (particulate matter) - Pollution control - Time series
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Cold - Exposure-response relationships - Generalized additive model - Hospital visits - Meteorological factors - Relative risks - Spline functions
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 462.2  Hospitals, Equipment and Supplies - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage -2.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705168

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20183805835603
Title:Enhanced Nitrogen Removal of ANAMMOX Treating Saline Wastewater With Betaine Addition
Title of translation:&#22806;&#28304;&#29980;&#33756;&#30897;&#25237;&#21152;&#22686;&#24378;&#39640;&#30416;&#24223;&#27700;&#21388;&#27687;&#27688;&#27687;&#21270;&#33073;&#27694;&#24615;&#33021;
Authors:Yu, De-Shuang (1); Wu, Guo-Dong (1); Li, Jin (1); Zhou, Tong (1); Wang, Xiao-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jin(ljin0532@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1688-1696
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:High salt content could result in the inhibition of microbes and affect biological treatment processes. At present, an important research topic is how to improve the efficiency of biological treatments. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) process was used to treat high saline wastewater. Nitrogen removal performance with betaine was studied by analyzing the ANAMMOX activity, and ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen removal. The results showed that: &#9312; It has obvious improvement when betaine concentration was 0.1-0.4 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. It alleviated the salt stress on bacteria growth inhibition of ANAMMOX, and also promoted the growth of denitrifying bacteria. When betaine concentration was 0.4-0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, denitrifying bacteria was found to have grown greatly. When betaine concentration was greater than 0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, it was unable to alleviate the salt stress inhibiting denitrification efficiency. As a result, betaine concentration of 0.8 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> completely inhibited bacteria. &#9313; When concentration of betaine was 0.3 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the optimal nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved. NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N increased by 16% and 32%, respectively. Nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increased by 26.8%. &#9314; At the end of the recovery experiment, with the decreasing concentrations of betaine, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was 50.6%, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was 63.7%, and NRR was 0.65 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, so the nitrogen removal efficiency underwent fast recovery.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Betaines - Biochemical engineering - Denitrification - Efficiency - Nitrogen oxides - Salt removal - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Biological treatment process - Denitrification efficiencies - Enhanced nitrogen removal - High saline wasterwater - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Nitrogen removal rates - Salt stresss
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 805.1.1  Biochemical Engineering - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e-01mol/m3 to 4.00e-01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 3.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 4.00e-01mol/m3 to 5.00e-01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 8.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 2.68e+01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%, Percentage 5.06e+01%, Percentage 6.37e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706023

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20183805835595
Title:Occurrence and Ecological Risk Assessment of Typical Persistent Organic Pollutants in Baiyangdian Lake
Title of translation:&#30333;&#27915;&#28096;&#20856;&#22411;&#25345;&#20037;&#24615;&#26377;&#26426;&#27745;&#26579;&#29289;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;&#19982;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20272;
Authors:Gao, Qiu-Sheng (1, 2, 3); Jiao, Li-Xin (2, 3); Yang, Liu (1); Tian, Zi-Qiang (2, 3, 4); Yang, Su-Wen (2, 3); An, Yue-Xia (2, 3); Jia, Hai-Bin (2, 3); Cui, Zhi-Dan (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (4) Laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Jiao, Li-Xin(287559418@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1616-1627
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A comprehensive survey of the pollution characteristics of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the surface water and surface sediment of Baiyangdian Lake was carried out. The survey showed that:&#9312; The concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), organic chlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the surface water of Baiyangdian Lake were 71.32-228.27 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, 2.62-6.13 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 0-6.5 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and those in the surface sediment were 163.20-861.43 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 2.25-6.07 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and 230.96-1224.13 pg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. On comparison with historical data, the concentrations of PAHs and OCPs in both the surface water and surface sediment were found to be decreasing, while compared with the domestic and foreign lakes, the concentration of PBDEs in the surface sediment was at a low level. &#9313; The main source of PAHs, both in the surface water and surface sediment in Baiyangdian Lake, originated from fuel discharge and combustion sources. HCHs compose the main part of OCPs in both the surface water (93.76%) and surface sediment (63.10%). In the surface water body, HCHs mainly originated from the degradation of industrial HCHs; in some sites HCHs originated from atmospheric long-distance transmission and the usage of Lindane, while DDTs originated from historical residues. In surface sediment, HCHs mainly originated from the usage of new Lindane, with little industrial HCHs, and DDTs mainly originated from historical residues, while new DDTs may have been used in some sites. BDE-2 (65.80%) composed the main part of PBEDs in the surface water, and it mainly originated from atmospheric long-distance transmission and degradation of high brominated diphenyl ethers; BDE-209 (63.82%) constituted the main part of PBDEs in the surface sediment, and it mainly originated from the commercial Deca-BDEs.&#9314; Ecological Risk Assessment show that there was no obvious ecological risks in Baiyangdian Lake, but in some sites POPs may cause ecological risks; these sites should be monitored more frequently.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:61
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Cyclohexane - Ethers - Insecticides - Lake pollution - Lakes - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Risk assessment - River pollution - Surficial sediments - Surveys  - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Baiyangdian lakes - Ecological risk assessment - Ecological risks - Persistent organic pollutant (POP) - Persistent organic pollutants - Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs) - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Source apportionment
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 6.50e-09kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.62e-09kg/m3 to 6.13e-09kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.13e-08kg/m3 to 2.28e-07kg/m3, Percentage 6.31e+01%, Percentage 6.38e+01%, Percentage 6.58e+01%, Percentage 9.38e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707190

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20183805835361
Title:Effects of a Tribasic Amendment on Cadmium and Arsenic Accumulation and Translocation in Rice in a Field Experiment
Title of translation:&#19977;&#20803;&#22303;&#22756;&#35843;&#29702;&#21058;&#23545;&#30000;&#38388;&#27700;&#31291;&#38217;&#30775;&#32047;&#31215;&#36716;&#36816;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Gu, Jiao-Feng (1, 2); Zhou, Hang (1, 2); Jia, Run-Yu (1); Wang, Qian-Qian (1); Li, Hong-Cheng (1); Zhang, Ping (1, 2); Peng, Pei-Qin (1, 2); Liao, Bo-Han (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China 
Corresponding author:Liao, Bo-Han(liaobh1020@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1910-1917
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An in-situ paddy field experiment was carried out to study the influence of a tribasic amendment (QFJ, hydroxyapatite+zeolite+biochar) on Cd and As accumulation and translocation in rice grown in soil contaminated with cadmium and arsenic, with the concentrations of soil Cd and As being 3.58 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 124.79 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The results showed that, after application of QFJ, the pH, CEC, and OM contents of the rice rhizosphere soil tended to increase. The exchangeable concentrations of Cd and As were reduced from 0.37 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.07 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 0.12 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.04 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The concentrations of Cd and As in rice tissues decreased after in-situ restoration. When 9.00 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> of QFJ was applied, the Cd concentration in brown rice was reduced from 0.46 to 0.18 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and that of inorganic As was reduced from 0.25 to 0.16 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, both lower than 0.2 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, meeting the requirement set by the National Food Standards (GB 2762-2012). QFJ application decreased the Cd and As bioaccumulation capacity of the roots and decreased the rice plant's capacity of Cd translocation quantity from the underground parts to the aerial parts; at same time, the Cd transferring capacity of the roots and the As transferring capacity in straw and husk were also decreased.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Antennas - Arsenic - Biochemistry - Cadmium - Hydroxyapatite - Soils - Zeolites
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Field - Rice - Translocation - Tribasic amendment
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708206

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20183805835610
Title:Effect of Zero Valent Iron on the Horizontal Gene Transfer of Tetracycline Resistance Genes During Anaerobic Sludge Digestion Process
Title of translation:&#38646;&#20215;&#38081;&#23545;&#27745;&#27877;&#21388;&#27687;&#28040;&#21270;&#36807;&#31243;&#20013;&#22235;&#29615;&#32032;&#25239;&#24615;&#22522;&#22240;&#27700;&#24179;&#36716;&#31227;&#30340;&#20316;&#29992;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Yang, Fan (1); Xu, Wen-Li (1); Qian, Ya-Jie (1); Liu, Zhen-Hong (1); Xue, Gang (1); Gao, Pin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Pin(pingao@dhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1748-1755
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The problem of bacterial resistance has become an important issue in the area of global ecological safety and human health. Waste sludge is an important reservoir and discharge source for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, the quantities of seven tetracycline resistance genes (TC-ARGs), including tetA, tetC, tetG, tetM, tetO, tetW, and tetX, as well as those of class 1 integron (intI1) genes, during anaerobic sludge digestion process were comprehensively quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The effects of different doses of zero valent iron (Fe<sup>0</sup>) on the decrease and increase in the quantities of TC-ARGs and intI1 genes were investigated. The influence of plasmid conjugation on the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the target TC-ARGs was preliminarily analyzed. The correlations between the quantities of TC-ARGs and intI1 gene have been discussed. The results showed that the quantities of TC-ARGs and intI1 genes decreased in different degrees during anaerobic sludge digestion, and the abundance of tetX gene was reduced by 2.4 orders of magnitude. When Fe<sup>0</sup> was added, no significant reduction in the quantities of TC-ARGs and intI1 genes was observed. However, as the addition of Fe<sup>0</sup> increased, the quantities of TC-ARGs and intI1 genes increased correspondingly, as compared to those in the control group. The results obtained from the quantities of TC-ARGs carried by plasmid DNA showed that plasmid conjugation probably promoted the HGT of TC-ARGs. A positive significant correlation was found between the quantities of tetG and intI1 genes, indicating that intI1 might play an important role in the evolution of tetG during sludge anaerobic digestion process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Sludge digestion
Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - DNA - Gene transfer - Genes - Iron - Polymerase chain reaction
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic sludge digestion - Class 1 integrons - Horizontal gene transfer - Resistance genes - Zero-valent iron
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8.1  Genetic Engineering - 545.1  Iron - 801.2  Biochemistry
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708054

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20183705802986
Title:Differences in Cd Accumulation in Typical Soils Under the Double Rice System
Title of translation:&#20856;&#22411;&#22303;&#22756;&#21452;&#23395;&#31291;&#23545;Cd&#21560;&#25910;&#32047;&#31215;&#24046;&#24322;
Authors:Li, Xin-Yang (1); Long, Jian (1); Wang, Shu-Bing (2); Chen, Qi (1); Dong, Xia (1); Jiang, Kai (1); Hou, Hong-Bo (1); Peng, Pei-Qin (1); Liao, Bo-Han (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Agricultural Integrated Service Center of Huangxing Town, Changsha; 410100, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Pei-Qin(pqpeng123@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:406-414
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Pot experiments were used to study the differences of Cd uptake and accumulation in double-cropping rice in typical soil types. To analyze the soil availability of Cd (DTPA-Cd) in soils and the Cd accumulation in double-cropping rice at different growth stages of the rice, we conducted pot experiments that selected the yellow clayey soil (paddy soil developed from plate shaley parent materials) and the granitic sandy soil (paddy soil developed from granitic parent materials). Exogenous Cd was added with gradients of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Results showed that, during the rice growth period, the available Cd in the yellow clayey soil was higher than that in the granitic sandy soil, and the difference was significant (P&lt;0.01). This showed that the content of Cd in rice (roots, shoots, leaves, rice shells, and brown rice) increased along with the treatment level and with the extension of the rice growth period. The accumulation characteristics of Cd in rice grains and other tissues of rice indicated differences between two seasons and two soil types, that is, late rice was higher in Cd than was early rice, and reddish yellow clayey soil was higher in Cd than granitic sandy soil. Significant positive linear correlations were found between the effective contents of Cd in soils and those in rice tissues (roots, shoots, leaves, and brown rice). The prediction model of Cd in rice and the characteristic equation for rice accumulation of Cd were applied to calculate the critical values of Cd: 0.98 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>for early rice and 0.83 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> for late rice in reddish yellow clayey soil, and 0.86 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>for early rice and 0.56 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> for late rice in granitic sandy soil. These threshold values are higher than the National Standards given in "farmland environmental quality evaluation standards for edible agricultural products (HJ 332-2006). " The soil security threshold values and the soil environmental capacities of the two different parent materials varied greatly; therefore, different environmental quality standards may be formulated and different measures may be needed to control Cd pollution in different parent materials.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Bioaccumulation - Histology - Quality control - Sand - Soil pollution control - Soils - Tissue
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation characteristics - Accumulation of Cd - Characteristic equation - Double-rice system - Environmental quality standards - Paddy soils - Security thresholds - Uptake and accumulations
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704220

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20183705802957
Title:Arsenic(&#8548;) Removal by Granular Adsorbents Made from Backwashing Residuals from Biofilters for Iron and Manganese Removal
Title of translation:&#38081;&#38192;&#27877;&#38500;&#30775;&#39063;&#31890;&#21560;&#38468;&#21058;&#23545;As(&#8548;)&#30340;&#21560;&#38468;&#21435;&#38500;
Authors:Zeng, Hui-Ping (1); L&uuml;, Sai-Sai (1); Yang, Hang (2); Yin, Can (1); Cao, Rui-Hua (1); Wang, Yan-Ju (1); Li, Dong (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Colloge of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:170-178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Granular adsorbents for arsenic removal (GA) made from the backwashing residuals from iron and manganese removal biofilters for groundwater were characterized and examined as an arsenate sorbent. The GA were characterized by SEM-EDS microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET surface area measurement. The results showed that the GA had rough surfaces, developed pores, and were mainly amorphous, with small fractions of crystalline quartz and hematite. The surface area of the GA, which consists of many mesopores, was 43.8 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. The kinetic studies revealed that arsenate adsorption on the GA was described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the Freundlich isotherm equation fit the arsenate adsorption well (R<sup>2</sup>=0.994). The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir isotherm equation for As(&#8548;) was 5.05 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. Further studies showed that the GA operated well for As(&#8548;) removal over a broad range in pH from 1.1 to 9.5. The coexistence of HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> had no great influence on arsenic adsorption, while the H<inf>2</inf>PO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> and SiO<inf>3</inf><sup>2-</sup> showed negative effects. The GA can be regenerated well, and 82% of the original adsorption capacity was maintained after three regeneration cycles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Arsenic - Biofilters - Characterization - Groundwater - Hematite - Integral equations - Iron - Isotherms - Kinetic theory  - Pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Arsenate adsorption - Back washing - BET surface area measurement - Freundlich isotherm equations - Granular adsorbent - Pseudo second order kinetics - Regeneration cycles
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 482.2  Minerals - 545.1  Iron - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 921.2  Calculus - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.20e+01%, Specific_Surface_Area 4.38e+04m2/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706209

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20183705802949
Title:Organic Distribution Characteristics and Influence on Drinking Water Quality in the Typical Water Sources for Towns in the Southwest Hilly Area of China
Title of translation:&#35199;&#21335;&#19992;&#38517;&#21306;&#26449;&#38215;&#20856;&#22411;&#20379;&#27700;&#27700;&#28304;&#26377;&#26426;&#29289;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#23545;&#39278;&#27700;&#27700;&#36136;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Wang, Qiong (1); Li, Nai-Wen (1, 2); Li, Lei (3); Li, Long-Guo (1, 2); Gou, Si (1, 2); Yang, Ling-Xiao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resource &amp; Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (3) Sichuan Shuyu Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Design Co., Ltd., Chengdu; 610065, China 
Corresponding author:Gou, Si(359786010@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:109-116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study analyzed the organic distribution characteristics of original and treated water and their impacts on drinking water quality using a conventional water treatment process in the typical water supply sources for towns in the southwest hilly area of China. The results showed that the water supply source in this area is micro-polluted water. Dissolved organics of low molecular weight accounted for the great majority of the organics, with the proportion ranging from 50% to 80%. There were 53 kinds and 14 classes of organics, including alkanes, esters, phenolic compounds, and benzenes, with the proportion from 80% to 90%. The amounts of organic acid, alkene, alcohols, and aldehyde were small, while the amounts of dichloromethane, phenol, and dibutyl-phthalate were relatively high. Herbicides, food additives, and antibiotics were detected, such as terbuthylazine, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and nalidixic acid. The conventional water treatment process could efficiently remove the compounds with molecular weights higher than 10&times;10<sup>3</sup> and organic acid; however, it was limited greatly in its removal of alkanes, esters, phenolic compounds, and benzenes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Benzene - Dichloromethane - Esters - Molecular weight - Organic acids - Paraffins - Phenols - Potable water - Water distribution systems - Water pollution  - Water quality - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Conventional water treatment - Distribution characteristics - Drinking source - Hilly areas - Organics
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 453  Water Pollution - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01% to 8.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01% to 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705246

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20183705802945
Title:Simulation of Nitrate Isotopic (&delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O) by Coupling the Hydrology and Transport Processes Described by the SWAT Model
Title of translation:&#22522;&#20110;SWAT&#27169;&#22411;&#30340;&#27969;&#22495;&#27827;&#36947;&#30813;&#37240;&#30416;&delta;<sup>15</sup>N&#21644;&delta;<sup>18</sup>O&#27169;&#25311;
Authors:Wang, Kang (1); Ran, Ning (1); Lin, Zhong-Bing (1); Zhou, Zu-Hao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China; (2) Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:68-76
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To improve the reliability of methods to trace surface water pollutants in river basins, hydrological and water quality processes in the Fuxi River Basin were continuously monitored from 2013 to 2015, and the main pollution sources in the watershed and &delta;<sup>15</sup>N as well as &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in the rivers were measured simultaneously. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> migration processes in the hydrological processes of the land surface and rivers. On this basis, the processes of mixing, transformation, and fractionation of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were coupled, and the simulation methods of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in the rivers were developed. The results showed that &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in the rivers were mainly affected by the pollution sources in the river basin and the variation in runoff conditions during different hydrological periods. The contribution of the mixing process of different isotopes to the isotope abundance was 82.74%. The contribution of isotope fractionation in the process of nitrogen conversion was 16.26%. The influence of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration deviation from the SWAT simulation on the simulation errors of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O was 10.44%. The &delta;<sup>18</sup>O simulation errors were 18.72% larger than those of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N because of the higher variation range of &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in rainfall and the complexity of &delta;<sup>18</sup>O. The systematic errors and deviations of the simulated &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O results using the proposed method were less than 10% and 15%, respectively. The simulation method of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in the river basin has a clear physical meaning, which provides a useful approach for tracing nitrogen sources in rivers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Isotopes - Mixing - Nitrates - Nitrogen - Rain - Rivers - Systematic errors - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Basin - Hydrological process - Isotope fractionation - Isotopic - Nitrogen conversion - Process simulations - Soil and water assessment tool - SWAT model
Classification code:443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.04e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.63e+01%, Percentage 1.87e+01%, Percentage 8.27e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706028

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20183705802939
Title:Source Apportionment of Black Carbon Aerosol in the North Suburb of Nanjing
Title of translation:&#21335;&#20140;&#21271;&#37066;&#40657;&#30899;&#27668;&#28342;&#33014;&#30340;&#26469;&#28304;&#35299;&#26512;
Authors:Xiao, Si-Han (1); Yu, Xing-Na (1); Zhu, Bin (1); He, Jia-Qi (1); L&uuml;, Rui (1); Sha, Dan-Dan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Xing-Na(xnyu@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:9-17
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on one year real-time measurements from a seven-wavelength Aethalometer combined with an Aethalometer model, the measured aerosol absorption coefficients at different wavelengths have been used to apportion the contribution of fossil fuel and biomass burning sources to the total black carbon (BC) mass concentration in the north suburb of Nanjing. Good consistency in the relationship between the Angstrom absorption exponent(&alpha;)and the ratio of BC from biomass burning sources to total BC (BB) was obtained during this period. The &alpha; was highest in winter and lowest in summer, which indicates the change in the source of the absorbing aerosols and their relative source strength. The BC and the BC from fossil fuel (BC<inf>ff</inf>) and biomass burning (BC<inf>bb</inf>) mass concentrations exhibit significant diurnal variation, with higher values during 07: 00 to 09: 00 (local time) and 18: 00 to 21: 00. The BC<inf>ff</inf>was three to five times higher than the BC<inf>bb</inf> and contributes greatest to the BC mass concentrations throughout the day. Night time BC values were about a factor of 1.2 higher than day time BC values. Meanwhile, the concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis indicates that the highest value of BC was concentrated in the Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Fujian provinces.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Fossil fuels
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Biomass - Carbon - Climate change - Fog
Uncontrolled terms:Absorbing aerosol - Aerosol absorption - Biomass-burning - Black carbon aerosol - Mass concentration - Nanjing - Real time measurements - Source apportionment
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706091

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20183705802984
Title:Passivation of Simulated Pb-and Cd-Contaminated Soil by Applying Combined Treatment of Phosphate, Humic Acid, and Fly Ash
Title of translation:&#30967;&#37240;&#30416;, &#33104;&#27542;&#37240;&#19982;&#31881;&#29028;&#28784;&#32852;&#21512;&#38045;&#21270;&#22788;&#29702;&#27169;&#25311;&#38085;&#38217;&#27745;&#26579;&#22303;&#22756;
Authors:Zhao, Qing-Yuan (1, 2, 3); Li, Xiao-Ming (1, 2); Yang, Qi (1, 2); Chen, Can (3); Zhong, Zhen-Yu (3); Zhong, Yu (3); Chen, Fei (1, 2); Chen, Xun-Feng (1, 2); Wang, Xiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha; 410082, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha; 410082, China; (3) Hunan Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Changsha; 410004, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiao-Ming(xmLi@hnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:389-398
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, three kinds of amendments including superphosphate, humic acid, and fly ash and their complex combination were adopted to passivate the artificially simulated Pb-and Cd-containing soils. The passivation efficiency evaluation was performed via the CaCl<inf>2</inf> and triethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction method as well as a BCR morphological classification experiment. The microstructures and structures of the soil were explored further via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) to elaborate the passivation mechanism. The results demonstrated that all passivation processes, excluding single humic acid addition, could reduce the CaCl<inf>2</inf> and DTPA extraction contents of Pb and Cd in soils, where the optimal efficiency could be achieved by the sequential addition of superphosphate and humic acid, followed by fly ash. There was a weakly positive correlation between soil pH and CaCl<inf>2</inf>/DTPA extraction content of Pb, a negative correlation between soil pH and CaCl<inf>2</inf>/DTPA extraction content of Cd, and a significantly negative correlation between available phosphorous content and CaCl<inf>2</inf>/DTPA extraction contents of Pb and Cd, suggesting the crucial role of available phosphorous contents to control the activities of Pb and Cd. In the presence of phosphate, humic acid, and fly ash, the Pb and Cd could convert from active weak acid extraction to low-activity residual speciation, resulting in effectively reducing Pb and Cd transferability. Throughout the XRD and SEM-EDS analyses, it was found that ion exchange was the predominant mechanism in heavy metal passivation by single superphosphate, wherein the heavy metals were transformed into an insoluble Ca-containing phosphate mixture. The dissolving/precipitation or surface adsorption could be concluded as the main mechanism in the combination of the three passivation agents that converted heavy metals to lead phosphate precipitate [(Pb<inf>3</inf>(PO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>] or mixed heavy metal mineral [PbFe<inf>3</inf>(SO<inf>4</inf>)(PO<inf>4</inf>)(OH)<inf>6</inf>], so as to obtain superior heavy metal passivation achievement.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Lead compounds
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Cadmium - Chlorine compounds - Energy dispersive spectroscopy - Extraction - Fly ash - Ion exchange - Lead - Organic acids - Passivation  - Petroleum reservoir evaluation - Phosphates - Phosphorus - Scanning electron microscopy - Soil pollution - Soils - X ray diffraction
Uncontrolled terms:Cd-contaminated soils - Efficiency evaluation - Humic acid - Morphological classifications - Negative correlation - Positive correlations - Single superphosphate - X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 512.1.2  Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations - 539.2.1  Protection Methods - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705273

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20183705802973
Title:Comparison of Different Leaching Methods for Heavy Metals in Sludge Fly Ash and Comprehensive Toxicity Evaluation
Title of translation:&#27745;&#27877;&#39134;&#28784;&#20013;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#19981;&#21516;&#28024;&#20986;&#26041;&#27861;&#27604;&#36739;&#21450;&#32508;&#21512;&#27602;&#24615;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Wang, Feng (1); Li, Run-Dong (1); Li, Yan-Long (1); Zhao, Yun-Bin (1); Yang, Tian-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang; 110136, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Run-Dong(rdlee@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:292-299
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Fly ash from sludge incineration was separated into five different sizes (&lt;1 &mu;m, 1-2.5 &mu;m, 2.5-10 &mu;m, 10-50 &mu;m, and&gt;50 &mu;m) by high-precision air classification equipment. The leaching of heavy metals was contrastively studied using the HJT 299-2007-sulfuric acid/nitric acid method, HJ 557-2009-Horizontal Oscillation Method, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), and European standard protocol (EN 12457-3) for the different size fractions of the fly ash. Based on the leaching results, an evaluation method for the comprehensive toxicity of heavy metal leaching was established. The results show that the content of heavy metals and the amount of leaching from the fly ash decrease with the increase in fly ash particle size. The leaching of the heavy metals Zn and Cu in the&lt;1 &mu;m particle size range of TCLP leaching method was the highest, at 107.34 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 318 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The TCLP and sulfuric acid/nitric acid methods of heavy metal leaching were more effective than the EU (EN 12457-3) and horizontal oscillation methods. According to the value of OPTI, the OPTI value of&lt;10 &mu;m fly ash was much larger than that of fly ash that was&gt;10 &mu;m. This indicated that the fly ash of particle size&lt;10 &mu;m was more toxic and more harmful.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Leaching
Controlled terms:Fly ash - Heavy metals - Incineration - Particle size - Size distribution - Toxicity
Uncontrolled terms:Air classifications - European Standards - Horizontal oscillations - Leaching methods - Metal leaching - Particle size ranges - Toxicity characteristic leaching procedures - Toxicity index
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.00e-05m to 5.00e-05m, Size 1.00e-06m to 2.50e-06m, Size 2.50e-06m to 1.00e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705234

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20183705802978
Title:Profile Distribution of Soil Organic and Inorganic Carbon Under Different Land Use Types in the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi
Title of translation:&#38485;&#21271;&#40644;&#22303;&#19992;&#38517;&#21306;&#19981;&#21516;&#22303;&#22320;&#21033;&#29992;&#26041;&#24335;&#19979;&#22303;&#22756;&#30899;&#21078;&#38754;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Lan, Zhi-Long (1); Zhao, Ying (1); Zhang, Jian-Guo (1); Li, Hui-Jie (2); Si, Bing-Cheng (2); Jiao, Rui (1); Khan, Muhammad Numan (1); Sial, Tanveer Ali (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Ying(yzhaosoils@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:339-347
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Carbon storage in the Loess Plateau is affected by land use. In order to assess the differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) under different land use patterns in deep soil profiles, we investigated the distribution characteristics of SOC and SIC at 0 -20.0 m soil depth at three locations in the northern Shaanxi province (i. e., an economical plantation in Mizhi, a reforestation area in Shenmu, and a wind break and sand fixation forest district in Yuyang). The results showed that the order for SOC content was: pruning jujube tree (2.00 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;jujube tree (1.54 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;Caragana (0.97 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;degraded artificial grassland (0. 81 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;pine forests (0.70 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;natural grass field (0. 45 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>), which indicated significant differences between SOC content and land use types (P&lt;0.05). Similarly, the order of SIC content was: pruning jujube tree (11.66 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;jujube tree (11.59 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;Caragana (9.62 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;degraded artificial grassland (8.07 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;pine forests (4.32 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;natural grass field (0.47 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). There were no significant differences between SIC content and soil profiles under the economical plantation of Mizhi and the reforestation area of Shenmu. There were significant differences for SIC content between an artificial economic forest, an area returning farmland to a forest (grass) profile, and a windbreak and sand fixation forest (P&lt;0.05). The SIC densities for pruning jujube tree, jujube tree, Caragana, degraded artificial grassland, pine forest, and natural grass field were 6.19, 7.71, 10.70, 10.78, 5.91, and 1.03 times that of its corresponding SOC density, respectively. It has been concluded that the soil carbon storage was significantly different for different land use patterns, and the SIC content was much higher than the SOC content in the soil profile.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Land use - Landforms - Organic carbon - Reforestation - Sediments - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon density - Land use type - Loess Plateau - Soil inorganic carbons - Soil organic carbon
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 481.1  Geology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e+01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704157

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20183705802977
Title:Dynamics of Rice Photosynthesized Carbon Input and Its Response to Nitrogen Fertilization at the Jointing Stage: <sup>13</sup>C-CO<inf>2</inf> Pulse-labeling
Title of translation:&#25300;&#33410;&#26399;&#27700;&#31291;&#20809;&#21512;&#30899;&#36755;&#20837;&#30340;&#21160;&#24577;&#21464;&#21270;&#21450;&#20854;&#23545;&#26045;&#27694;&#30340;&#21709;&#24212;: <sup>13</sup>C-CO<inf>2</inf>&#33033;&#20914;&#26631;&#35760;
Authors:Chen, Shan (1, 2); Zhu, Zhen-Ke (2); Yuan, Hong-Zhao (2); Wang, Jiu-Rong (2); Peng, Pei-Qin (1); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Pei-Qin(pqpeng123@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:331-338
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Photosynthesized carbon (C) is an important source of soil organic C in paddy fields, and its input and distribution are affected by rice growth and soil fertility. Fertilizer application plays an important role in rice growth. The <sup>13</sup>C pulse-labeling method was used to quantify the dynamics and distribution of input photosynthesized C in the rice-(rhizosphere-and bulk-) soil system and its response to nitrogen fertilizer (N) application. The results suggested that N fertilization significantly increased the rice aboveground and the root biomass and decreased the rice biomass root/shoot ratio. The amount of assimilated <sup>13</sup>C gradually decreased in the rice plants but gradually decreased over 0-6 days and increased over 6-26 days in the rhizosphere and bulk soil during rice growth. N fertilization significantly increased the amount of assimilated <sup>13</sup>C in the rhizosphere soil by 9.5%-32.6% compared with the control. In comparison to the unfertilized treatment, the application of N fertilization resulted in higher photosynthetic<sup>13</sup>C in rice aboveground and in the root by 24.5%-134.7% and 9.1%-106%, respectively. With the N fertilized and unfertilized treatments, 85.5%-93.2% and 91.3%-95.7%, respectively, of input photosynthetic<sup>13</sup>C was distributed in the rice plants. The results suggested that N fertilization significantly affected the distribution of photosynthesized C in the rice-soil system (P&lt;0.01). After 26 days of pulse labeling, the distribution of photosynthetic <sup>13</sup>C into rice aboveground was increased by 13.4%, while the distribution into the rhizosphere and bulk soil were decreased by 21.9% and 52.2%, respectively, in the N fertilized treatments compared with the unfertilized treatments. Therefore, the N application increased the distribution of photosynthesized carbon in the soil-rice system but decreased the accumulation in the rhizosphere and bulk soil. The findings of this study provided a theoretical basis for our understanding of the dynamic of photosynthetic C in the plant-soil system and the assimilation of the soil organic matter pool in the paddy soil ecosystem.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Ecology - Nitrogen fertilizers
Uncontrolled terms:Bulk - Fertilizer applications - Nitrogen fertilization - Pulse-labeling - Rhizosphere - Rhizosphere soils - Root/shoot ratio - Soil organic matter pools
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 0.00e+00yr to 1.64e-02yr, Age 1.64e-02yr to 7.12e-02yr, Age 7.12e-02yr, Percentage 1.34e+01%, Percentage 2.19e+01%, Percentage 2.45e+01% to 1.35e+02%, Percentage 5.22e+01%, Percentage 8.55e+01% to 9.32e+01%, Percentage 9.10e+00% to 1.06e+02%, Percentage 9.13e+01% to 9.57e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+00% to 3.26e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201702164

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20183705802981
Title:Assessment of the Availability of Soil Copper and Related Influencing Factors at a County Scale
Title of translation:&#21439;&#22495;&#23610;&#24230;&#22303;&#22756;&#38108;&#30340;&#26377;&#25928;&#24615;&#21450;&#30456;&#20851;&#24433;&#21709;&#22240;&#32032;&#35780;&#20272;
Authors:Li, Jin-Fen (1, 2); Qu, Ming-Kai (1); Liu, Gang (2); Huang, Biao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Qu, Ming-Kai(qumingkai@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:363-370
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Understanding the spatial distribution of total copper, available copper, and the spatial non-stationary relationships between available copper and relevant environmental factors is important for the delineation of soil risk areas and the development of related control measures. This study was conducted in Zhangjiagang County of Jiangsu Province, China. The risk status for soil copper was assessed based on 357 soil samples in the study area. The effects of soil type and land-use type on the concentration of available soil copper were discussed first. Then, ordinary kriging was adopted to map the spatial distribution patterns of the total soil copper and available soil copper, and the spatial distribution map of the copper availability ratio (i. e., available copper/total copper) was also developed for the study area. The risk areas for soil copper were delineated based on the spatial distribution patterns of available soil copper and the copper availability ratio. Finally, a new spatial local regression technique, geographic weighted regression (GWR), was used to explore the local spatial regression relationships between available copper and its three main impact factors (i. e., total soil copper, soil pH, and SOM). Results showed that both soil type and land-use type had some effect on the concentration of available soil copper. The copper availability ratio had a strong spatial heterogeneity, with the higher values mainly in the northeast, southeast, and northwest of the study area and the lower values mainly in the middle and southwest of the study area. The range of the copper availability ratio is 13.56% to 29.15%. The results of the comparison of the traditional ordinary least squares regression (OLSR) and GWR showed that the GWR model had higher fitting accuracy than the OLSR model [i. e., a larger decision coefficient R<sup>2</sup>, and smaller corrected Akaike information criteria (AICc) and the sum of squares of residuals] in modeling the relationships between available copper and its three main impact factors. The GWR analysis showed that the effect of soil factors on the concentration of soil available copper was non-stationary. The GWR could effectively reveal the spatial non-stationary influence of the related soil factors on the concentration of available soil copper, and the results could explain the reasons for the accumulation of available soil copper in local areas. Potential risk areas for available soil copper were delineated based on the copper availability ratio and the concentration of available soil copper in the study area. The results should be crucial data for developing specific control measures for soil copper at a regional scale.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Copper - Land use - Regression analysis - Risk assessment - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Akaike information criterion - Environmental factors - Nonstationary - Ordinary least squares regressions - Regulation - Spatial distribution map - Spatial distribution patterns - Weighted regression
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 544.1  Copper - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.36e+01% to 2.91e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705182

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20183705802877
Title:Analysis of Sulfate-Reducing and Sulfur-Oxidizing Prokaryote Community Structures in Marine Sediments with Different Sequencing Technologies
Title of translation:&#28023;&#27915;&#27785;&#31215;&#29289;&#20013;&#30827;&#37240;&#30416;&#36824;&#21407;&#33740;&#21644;&#30827;&#27687;&#21270;&#33740;&#32676;&#33853;&#20998;&#26512;&#26041;&#27861;&#30340;&#27604;&#36739;
Authors:Zhang, Yu (1, 2, 3); Mi, Tie-Zhu (1, 2, 3); Zhen, Yu (1, 2, 3); Chen, Ye (2, 3, 4); Fu, Lu-Lu (2, 3, 4); Wang, Xun-Gong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao; 266100, China; (3) Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao; 266071, China; (4) College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266003, China 
Corresponding author:Zhen, Yu(zhenyu@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:438-449
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) and sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes (SOP) play vital roles in the sulfur cycle. The SRP community was used to represent a microbial community with high richness and diversity. The 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina high-throughput sequencing, and traditional clone library methods that target the dissimilatory sulfite reductase &beta; subunit gene (dsrB), which encodes a key enzyme in the sulfate reduction pathway, were used to compare the differences in SRP community characteristics. Comparative analyses suggested that Illumina high-throughput sequencing was a more appropriate method for SRP (high richness and diversity) community studies. The SOP soxB gene (~750 bp) was used as a representative of the long-sequence segment. The 454 pyrosequencing and Illumina high-throughput sequencing methods were used to compare the differences in SOP community characteristics. The results revealed that 454 pyrosequencing did not reflect its advantage of a longer read length; whereas, the Illumina high-throughput sequencing with more numerous and shorter sequence reads was more suitable when the soxB gene was used to investigate the community composition and diversity of SOP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Throughput
Controlled terms:Cloning - Genes - Microorganisms - Reduction - Sediments - Submarine geology - Sulfur - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:454-Pyrosequencing - Clone library - Community composition - Community structures - Comparative analysis - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial communities - Sulfate reducing
Classification code:461  Bioengineering and Biology - 471.1  Oceanography, General - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705054

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20183705802971
Title:Analysis of Storage Sludge Composition Characteristics and Evolutionary Regularity in the Hunhe River Basin
Title of translation:&#27985;&#27827;&#27969;&#22495;&#36142;&#23384;&#27745;&#27877;&#25104;&#20998;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#28436;&#21464;&#35268;&#24459;&#20998;&#26512;
Authors:Liu, Tian-Tian (1); Cui, Chong-Wei (1); He, Jun-Guo (1); Tang, Jian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jun-Guo(junguohe@263.net)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:276-283
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:With the acceleration of urbanization, the accumulation of storage sludge in the Hunhe River Basin has increased year by year, creating a potential and long-term threat to the environment. In order to realize the resource-saving and harmless treatment of storage sludge, the composition of storage sludge and the evolvement rule were analyzed and researched. The basic physicochemical properties (water content, pH, volatile organic compounds (VS), and total alkalinity), nutrient index (TC, TN, C/N, TK, and TP), microbial composition, and heavy metal contents and fraction were analyzed. The results showed the VS and various nutrient element contents decreased with the prolongation of storage time, and changes in water content were not obvious, which was independent of the storage time and only relevant to natural conditions. The pH was maintained at around 7, and the bacteria predominated in microorganisms, accounting for about 90%. The content of anaerobic microorganisms increased. The contents and fractions of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg did not change significantly, but the content of Cu was higher than the Chinese standard for agricultural utilization (GB 4284-1984). Therefore, there is a larger risk of storage sludge for agricultural use. Therefore, the analysis of the composition and evolution of storage sludge in the Hunhe River Basin is of great significance for further resource treatment of sludge.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Watersheds
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Alkalinity - Heavy metals - Microorganisms - Nutrients - Rivers - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic microorganisms - Evolution law - Harmless treatments - Heavy metal contents - Microbial composition - Physicochemical property - Resource utilizations - Sludge characteristics
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 461.9  Biology - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201702121

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20183705802951
Title:Pollution Status and Risks of Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Soil of the Yellow River
Title of translation:&#40644;&#27827;&#23736;&#36793;&#22303;&#22756;&#20013;&#31867;&#20108;&#33521;&#31867;&#22810;&#27695;&#32852;&#33519;&#27745;&#26579;&#29616;&#29366;&#21450;&#39118;&#38505;
Authors:Yao, Hong (1); Lu, Shuang (1, 2); Zhang, Xu (1, 3); Pei, Jin (1); Lu, Yin-Tao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing; 100044, China; (2) Water and Environment Protection Agency of Nansha District, Guangzhou; 511400, China; (3) Beijing Urban Construction Design &amp; Development Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100037, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:123-129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The concentration levels, toxic equivalency (TEQ) concentrations, and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in shore soil from the 40 national key monitoring sections along the entire Yellow River were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the concentrations of &sum;DL-PCBs in the soil were between 0.37-7.17 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight), and the mean value was 0.38 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight). The TEQ concentrations of DL-PCBs in the soil were between 0.00-30.31 pg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight), and the mean value is 13.63 pg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry weight), posing no significant risk to the ecological environment and human health. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of DL-PCBs in this study did not exceed the limits set by the USEPA, and there were no obvious health risks. The residents in the middle reaches of the Yellow River were more vulnerable to DL-PCBs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Health risks - Organic pollutants - Polychlorinated biphenyls - Risks - Rivers - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk - Concentration levels - Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls - Ecological environments - Human health - TEQ concentration - Toxic equivalency - Yellow river
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704100

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20183705802983
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils of Shenyang North New Area
Title of translation:&#27784;&#21271;&#26032;&#21306;&#22303;&#22756;&#20013;&#22810;&#29615;&#33459;&#28867;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#28304;&#35299;&#26512;
Authors:Li, Jia-Kang (1); Song, Xue-Ying (1); Wei, Jian-Bing (1); Wang, Ying-Yi (2); Li, Yu-Shuang (1); Zheng, Xue-Hao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang; 110044, China; (2) School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Xue-Ying(songxy2046@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:379-388
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Topsoil (0-20 cm) samples (n=101) in 5 different land use types in Shenyang North New Area (SNNA), Shenyang, China were collected using the uniform grid layout method to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics, composition spectrum, and source analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed as priority pollutants by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States. Results showed that the total concentration of the 16 PAHs (&sum;PAHs) in soils of SNNA ranged from 123.7 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 932.5 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The PAH components were mainly dominated by 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs, of which the proportion of 3-ring PAHs was the highest. The spatial distribution of the &sum;PAHs concentration was obvious, showing a decreasing tendency from south to north and from east to west. In the five soil types, the average concentrations of the &sum;PAHs were relatively higher in the urban green space and the artificial forest, followed by the vegetable land, while the total PAH concentrations in paddy fields and corn fields were relatively lower and had no obvious spatial distribution differences. Source apportionment results studied using characteristic ratio analysis and factor analysis/multivariate linear regression showed that the main sources of PAHs in the topsoil of SNNA were mixed sources. Industrial coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust were the main PAH contributors, with a combined contribution rate of 79.6%. The oil spill and coke oven contribution rate was about 16.2%, and the biomass fuel combustion was about 4.2%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Environmental Protection Agency - Fuels - Hydrocarbons - Land use - Mineral oils - Oil spills - Soil pollution - Soil surveys - Soils  - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Characteristic ratio - Different land use types - Distribution characteristics - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Priority pollutants - Shenyang North New Area - Source apportionment
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 453.1  Water Pollution Sources - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.62e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+00%, Percentage 7.96e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704040

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20183705802974
Title:Diurnal Variations of CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O Fluxes from the Drained Aquaculture Pond in the Minjiang River Estuary During Early Winter
Title of translation:&#21021;&#20908;&#26102;&#26399;&#38397;&#27743;&#27827;&#21475;&#21306;&#20859;&#27542;&#22616;&#25490;&#27700;&#21518;&#30340;CH<inf>4</inf>&#21644;N<inf>2</inf>O&#36890;&#37327;&#26085;&#21464;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Yang, Ping (1, 2); Tan, Li-Shan (1); Huang, Jia-Fang (1, 2, 3); He, Qing-Hua (1); Tong, Chuan (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou; 350007, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou; 350007, China; (3) Research Centre of Wetlands in Subtropical Region, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou; 350007, China 
Corresponding author:Tong, Chuan(tongch@fjnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:300-309
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Annual drainage is a typical management activity practiced by operators as a way to export aquaculture effluent, accelerate aerobic decomposition of bottom soils, and avoid eutrophication during the non-culture period after harvest. Drainage activities can cause large changes in hydrology, nutrient cycling, sediment physicochemical properties, and even broad ecosystem functions. In order to understand the effects of drainage on the diurnal variation characteristics and magnitude of greenhouse gas (CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O) fluxes from the aquaculture ponds of the estuaries, a 24-hour continuous monitoring was conducted from one undrained pond (UDP) and one drained pond (DP) during early winter in the Minjiang River estuary on the southeast coast of China. Over the entire study period, the fluxes of CH<inf>4</inf> from the UDP and DP ranged from 0.04 to 0.10 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 14.04 to 33.72 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with means of (0.07&plusmn;0.01) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and (24.74&plusmn;2.33) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The CH<inf>4</inf> flux was lower during the day and higher at night with a net flux as the sources of the CH<inf>4</inf>. The fluxes of N<inf>2</inf>O from the UDP ranged from -0.027 to 0.011 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, and the average fluxes of (0.002&plusmn;0.004) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> showed "weak absorption by day and emission at night. " The N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes from the DP were emitted all day (ranging from 0.59 to 1.76 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>) with the average fluxes of N<inf>2</inf>O (1.07&plusmn;0.15) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> indicating higher fluxes at night and lower fluxes during the day. Our research demonstrated that drainage would significantly enhance CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O release from the aquaculture ponds. The study also preliminarily confirms that the undrained pond converted to a drained pond considerably alter the diurnal variation characteristics of the CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions during early winter. Clearly, future measurements in situ at high frequency over a long time and at different spatial scales would be worth researching from drained aquaculture ponds.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Drainage
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Estuaries - Eutrophication - Greenhouse gases - Lakes - Ponds - River pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic decomposition - Aquaculture effluents - Continuous monitoring - Diurnal variation - Environmental factors - Minjiang River estuaries - Physicochemical property - Shallow ponds
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 453  Water Pollution - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705166

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20183705802970
Title:Influence on Desulfurization Efficiency and Interactions of Fe/S and pH During H<inf>2</inf>S in situ Depression of High Solid Anaerobic Digestion
Title of translation:&#39640;&#21547;&#22266;&#27745;&#27877;&#21388;&#27687;&#28040;&#21270;&#20013;Fe/S&#21450;pH&#23545;&#21407;&#20301;&#25233;&#30827;&#25928;&#29575;&#24433;&#21709;&#21450;&#20854;&#20132;&#20114;&#20316;&#29992;
Authors:Han, Yun (1, 2); Cao, Yu-Qin (1); Zhuo, Yang (1, 2); Wang, Xiao-Fei (1); Han, Ya-Ting (3); Peng, Dang-Cong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (3) Shenzhen Lisai Environment Protection Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen; 518028, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:269-275
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To evaluate the influence of Fe/S ratio and pH on sulfide removal efficiency and interactions between Fe/S and pH, anaerobic hydrogen sulfide in situ depression tests and digested sludge liquor sulfide removal tests were carried out by using dewatering sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Results showed that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in biogas from the thermal pretreatment following anaerobic digestion process could be reduced from 170.4&times;10<sup>-6</sup> to 14.09&times;10<sup>-6</sup> at Fe/S=7.75, which means the biogas desulfurization treatment is not required. Under the condition of pH 7.00-7.50 and Fe/S 1-11, pH is the main influencing factor for sulfide removal. Improving the pH of anaerobic digestion is beneficial in reducing the dosage of Fe(&#8546;). An Fe/S ratio of 7.0 is the minimum to meet the biogas hydrogen sulfide emission standards during high solid sludge anaerobic digestion. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide was not up to standards if pH was below 7.30.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Biogas - Desulfurization - Efficiency - Hydrogen sulfide - Hydrogen sulfide removal (water treatment) - Iron compounds - Sludge digestion - Sulfur compounds - Sulfur determination - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic digestion process - Desulfurization efficiency - Digested sludges - High-solids - Hydrogen sulfide emission - Prediction equations - Thermal pre-treatment - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 522  Gas Fuels - 801  Chemistry - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706197

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20183705802955
Title:Using HKUST-1 as a Template for Copper Oxides Preparation to Activate Peroxymonosulfate for RhB Degradation
Title of translation:&#20197;HKUST-1&#20026;&#27169;&#26495;&#21046;&#22791;&#38108;&#27687;&#21270;&#29289;&#27963;&#21270;&#36807;&#19968;&#30827;&#37240;&#27682;&#38078;&#38477;&#35299;&#32599;&#20025;&#26126;B
Authors:Pu, Jia-Yi (1); Wan, Jin-Quan (1, 2, 3); Wang, Yan (1, 2, 3); Ma, Yong-Wen (1, 2, 3); Wu, Shu-Bin (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510000, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510641, China 
Corresponding author:Wan, Jin-Quan(ppjqwan@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:152-160
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Using Cu-MOF (HKUST-1) as a template, copper oxide was prepared by heat treatment under different temperatures in this study. The effect of treatment temperature on the composition and morphology of the products were studied. The catalytic abilities of the copper oxide products were tested through a series of experiments of activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade RhB under different conditions. The results of XRD, SEM, and XPS show that the product is gradually transformed from a Cu<inf>2</inf>O/CuO mixture into pure CuO with the increase of heat treatment temperature. The original octahedron structure of HKUST-1 was collapsed. Under neutral pH conditions, when the dosage of PMS and CuO-650 was 1.00 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.20 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the total degradation of RhB (concentration of 0.10 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) could be completed within 90 min. In addition, CuO-650 also has many advantages, such as it can be applied within a wide range of pH values. In addition, the copper ion dissolution rate was low (1. 309 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> at pH=3 and 0.987 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> at pH=7), and it has great recyclability and stability. These characteristics further proved that CuO-650 can be used as a promising catalyst for PMS activation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Copper oxides
Controlled terms:Chemical activation - Crystalline materials - Heat treatment - Metal ions - Organometallics - pH - Rhodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Advanced Oxidation Processes - Catalytic ability - Dissolution rates - Heat treatment temperature - Metal organic framework - Peroxymonosulfate - Recyclability - Treatment temperature
Classification code:531.1  Metallurgy - 537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 933.1  Crystalline Solids
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.09e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.87e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Molar_Concentration 1.00e+00mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 1.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Time 5.40e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703060

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20183705802941
Title:Characteristics of Organic and Elemental Carbon in PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Yulin City, Guangxi
Title of translation:&#24191;&#35199;&#29577;&#26519;&#24066;&#22823;&#27668;PM<inf>10</inf>&#21644;PM<inf>2.5</inf>&#20013;&#26377;&#26426;&#30899;&#21644;&#20803;&#32032;&#30899;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;&#20998;&#26512;
Authors:Huang, Jiong-Li (1); Chen, Zhi-Ming (1); Mo, Zhao-Yu (1, 2); Li, Hong-Jiao (1); Yang, Jun-Chao (1); Liu, Hui-Lin (1); Mao, Jing-Ying (1); Liang, Gui-Yun (1); Zhang, Da-Biao (1); Wu, Xiong-Ping (3); Hao, Shuang (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection, Nanning; 530022, China; (2) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai; 200433, China; (3) Yulin Environmental Monitoring Center, Yulin; 537000, China 
Corresponding author:Mao, Jing-Ying(13978185061@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:27-37
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two hundred eighteen PM<inf>10</inf> and 202 PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected at three sampling sites to study the pollution characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in Yulin from July 2015 to March 2016. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in the PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were analyzed by a Multiwavelength Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer, and the characteristics, including pollution levels, temporal and spatial distributions, and possible sources of OC and EC, were investigated. The results showed that the OC and EC mass concentrations in PM<inf>10</inf> in Yulin were 10.99 and 5.11 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, while the OC and EC mass concentrations in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were 7.51 and 4.70 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Strong correlations between OC and EC were found in PM<inf>10</inf>(R<sup>2</sup>=0.58) and PM<inf>2.5</inf>(R<sup>2</sup>=0.60). The winter average concentrations of secondary organic carbon (SOC) in PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were 14.50 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 6.74 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The SOC/OC ratios in both the PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were higher than 0.5. The contribution of SOC to OC was 80.6% in PM<inf>10</inf> and 77.7% in PM<inf>2.5</inf>, which were the highest in the summer, in accordance with the high temperature and strong solar radiation in the summer.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Organic carbon - Thermal pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Element carbons - Organic and elemental carbon - PM10 - PM2.5 - Secondary organic carbons (SOC) - Temporal and spatial distribution - Yulin
Classification code:804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.77e+01%, Percentage 8.06e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201702102

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20183705802982
Title:Application of the LUR Model in the Prediction of Spatial Distributions of Soil Heavy Metals
Title of translation:&#22522;&#20110;&#25913;&#36827;LUR&#27169;&#22411;&#30340;&#21306;&#22495;&#22303;&#22756;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#31354;&#38388;&#20998;&#24067;&#39044;&#27979;
Authors:Zeng, Jing-Jing (1, 3); Shen, Chun-Zhu (2, 3); Zhou, Sheng-Lu (1, 3); Lu, Chun-Feng (1, 4); Jin, Zhi-Feng (2, 3); Zhu, Yan (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Jiangsu Institute of Land Survey and Planning, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Land and Resources, Nanjing; 210008, China; (4) Nanjing Nanyuan Land Development and Utilization Consulting Co., Ltd., Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Sheng-Lu(zhousl@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:371-378
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Using the Jintan District of Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province as an example, the LUR model was used to study the spatial distribution of heavy metals and to simulate the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the study area. Compared with the traditional LUR model and the ordinary Kriging interpolation model, the following conclusions were obtained. &#9312; The soil heavy metal content in the study area was highly and significantly correlated with land factors, with the main factor of land use and influencing factors of heavy metals in the soil environment (P&lt;0.01). In terms of influencing factors, the soil Cu and Zn contents were significantly correlated with the area related to traffic in a 2 000 m buffer area and 2 000 m buffer zone, respectively. The soil Cr, Cu, and Zn contents were significantly correlated with OM, C<inf>org</inf>, TC, and TN (P&lt;0.01). &#9313; The R<sup>2</sup> of the LUR-S models of the spatial distribution of the heavy metals, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn, in the study area were improved by 0.041, 0.406, 0.102, and 0.501, respectively, compared with the traditional LUR model. The accuracy test R<sup>2</sup> values were improved by 0.147 7, 0.011 6, 0.231 0, and 0.081, respectively; and the RMSE was reduced by 2.413, 0.631, 1.112, and 2.138, respectively. It was shown that the LUR-S model, which considered the source-sink relationship, had a higher accuracy than the traditional LUR model and ordinary Kriging interpolation model. &#9314; The LUR-S model was more suitable for the prediction of the spatial distribution of heavy metals with lower pollution and smaller variations, while results for the prediction of the heavy metals with higher pollution and larger variations were worse.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Heavy metals - Interpolation - Land use - Pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Accuracy test - Jiangsu province - Jintan District - Land use regression - Ordinary kriging - Soil environment - Soil heavy metals - Source-sink relationships
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 921  Mathematics - 921.6  Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Size 2.00e+03m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704024

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20183705802876
Title:Effects of Long-term Fertilization Regimes on Microbial Biomass, Community Structure and Activity in a Paddy Soil
Title of translation:&#38271;&#26399;&#26045;&#32933;&#23545;&#31291;&#30000;&#22303;&#22756;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#37327;, &#32676;&#33853;&#32467;&#26500;&#21644;&#27963;&#24615;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Wang, Wei-Hua (1, 2); Liu, Yi (2); Tang, Hai-Ming (3); Sun, Zhi-Long (4); Li, Bao-Zhen (2); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wu, Jin-Shui (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (3) Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha; 410125, China; (4) Integrated Service for Agriculture Ningxiang County Huilongpu Town, Changsha; 410606, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Yi(liuyi@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:430-437
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Four paddy soils were collected in Ningxiang County, Hunan province. These used with different long-term fertilization regimes, including a control without fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilization with nitrogen, phosphate, and kalium (NPK), straw fertilization combined with NPK (ST), and manure fertilization combinedwith NPK (OM). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) technology and Microresp<sup>TM</sup> method were used to study the effect of long-term fertilization on soil microorganism abundance, community structure, and activity. Results showed that the abundance of bacteria, fungi, gram-negative (G<sup>-</sup>) bacteria, and gram-positive (G<sup>+</sup>) bacteria in the soil from the OM treatment was generally higher than for the other treatments; these levels were lower in the ST and NPK treatments and lowest in the CK treatment. The principal components analysis (PCA) of PLFA showed that the community structure of microorganisms in NPK, ST, and OM treatments was altered in comparison with that in CK, especially in the case of the ST and OM treatments. MicroResp<sup>TM</sup> results revealed that compared to the CK treatment (1.28 &mu;g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>), soil microorganisms in the OM treatment had the highest average utilization rate of multiple carbon sources (1.81 &mu;g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>), followed by ST (1.19 &mu;g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>), CK (1.28 &mu;g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>), and NPK (0.95 &mu;g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>). Furthermore, different long-term fertilization regimes resulted in distinct carbon source preferences for the soil microorganisms and revealed a significant alteration in the microbial community. Conclusively, long-term fertilizer with straw or manure changes the microbial community and is a benefit for improving the biomass and activity of microorganism in rice paddy soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Carbon - Fatty acids - Manures - Nitrogen fertilizers - Phospholipids - Principal component analysis - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Community structures - Long-term fertilization - Microbial communities - Paddy soils - Phospholipid fatty acids - Principal components analysis - Soil micro-organisms - Soil microbes
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Flow_Rate 2.64e-13kg/s to 7.92e+04kg/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 3.31e-13kg/s to 7.92e+04kg/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 3.56e-13kg/s to 7.92e+04kg/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 5.03e-13kg/s to 7.92e+04kg/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20183705802959
Title:Comparison of Amphoteric-Cationic and Amphoteric-Anionic Modified Magnetic Bentonites: Characterization and Sorption Capacity of Phenol
Title of translation:&#38451;(&#38452;)&#31163;&#23376;&#22797;&#37197;&#20462;&#39280;&#20004;&#24615;&#30913;&#24615;&#33192;&#28070;&#22303;&#30340;&#34920;&#38754;&#29305;&#24449;&#24046;&#24322;&#21450;&#23545;&#33519;&#37210;&#21560;&#38468;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Ren, Shuang (1); Meng, Zhao-Fu (1, 2); Wang, Teng (1); Zhang, Yang (1); Tian, Kai (1); Liu, Wei (1, 3); Yan, Dong-Xu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi; 830091, China 
Corresponding author:Meng, Zhao-Fu(zfmeng1996@263.net)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:187-194
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Magnetic bentonite is modified by an amphoteric surfactant (dodecyl dimethyl betaine, BS-12), then modified by a cationic surfactant (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, CTMAB) and anionic surfactant (Sodium lauryl sulfonate, SDS). Amphoteric-cationic modified magnetic bentonite (BS-CT-MBT) and amphoteric-anionic modified magnetic bentonite (BS-SDS-MBT) are obtained. Structural identification of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The carbon-nitrogen content, specific surface area, and pore volume were also evaluated. Batch isotherm studies were conducted to evaluate the sorption of phenol. The results show that BS-CT-MBT and BS-SDS-MBT can be separated by magnetic separation. The carbon content-nitrogen content and content of surfactants of the BS-CT-MBT increase, while surface area and pore volume decrease compared to those of BS-MBT. Compared with BS-MBT, the carbon-nitrogen content, content of surfactants, and pore volume of BS-SDS-MBT are decreasing and surface area is increasing. The desorption rate of the surfactants is less than 9% at pH 6.0 and in 0.1 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl solution. The Henry equation is the optimal description for the phenol sorption isotherms, implying a partitioning sorption process. The amount of phenol sorption follows the order: BS-CT-MBT&gt;BS-MBT&gt;BS-SDS-MBT&gt;BT&gt;MBT, which significantly correlates with the variation of the content of surfactant. Amphoteric magnetic bentonites modified by CTMAB have better absorption performance for phenol than those modified by SDS.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Amphoteric surfactants
Controlled terms:Anionic surfactants - Bentonite - Carbon - Cationic surfactants - Characterization - Computerized tomography - Dyes - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Isotherms - Magnetic separation  - Nitrogen - Phenols - Scanning electron microscopy - Sodium chloride - Sorption - Surface active agents - Thermogravimetric analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption performance - Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromides - Fourier transform infrared spectra - Isotherm studies - Magnetic - Sorption capacities - Structural identification - Vibrating sample magnetometer
Classification code:482.2  Minerals - 723.5  Computer Applications - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e+02mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 9.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706227

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 68>

Accession number:20183705802952
Title:Effects of Flooding and Drying on the Transformation of Soil Inorganic Phosphorus in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Title of translation:&#28153;&#27700;&#33853;&#24178;&#19979;&#19977;&#23777;&#27700;&#24211;&#28040;&#33853;&#24102;&#22303;&#22756;&#26080;&#26426;&#30967;&#24418;&#24577;&#36716;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Zhou, Jian (1); Li, Chun-Hui (1); Zhang, Zhi-Yong (1, 2); Hu, Hong-Qing (1); Wan, Cheng-Yan (2); Hu, Lian (2); Pan, Xiao-Jie (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan; 430079, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Hong-Qing(hqhu@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:130-136
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The implementation of the Three Gorges Project formed a water-level-fluctuating zone, and flooding and drying affects the soil properties and water quality of the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone. The laboratory simulation or field sampling were conducted; however, the results cannot reflect the real conditions in practice. The effects of flooding and drying on the physical and chemical properties of soil and the transformation characteristics of inorganic phosphorus were studied in order to provide a theoretical reference for soil phosphorus loss and water eutrophication in water-level-fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. To investigate the conversion of soil phosphorus, plastic pots with soil were suspended at different depths (0, 2, 5, and 15 m) and submerged for 30, 60, and 180 d, and exposed for 180 d. The effects of submerged depth and time on the soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic phosphorus forms were studied. The results showed that soil pH, organic matter, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus decreased and then increased subsequently during the flooding period. After exposure for 180 d, soil pH, organic matter, and total phosphorus content decreased, while available phosphorus content increased. After flooding, the ratio of various forms of inorganic phosphorus to total phosphorus was Fe-P&gt;Al-P&gt;Ca<inf>8</inf>-P&gt;Ca<inf>2</inf>-P. The content of Ca<inf>2</inf>-P and Ca<inf>8</inf>-P decreased at 0 m and 2 m and decreased at 5 m and 15 m and then increased with increased flooding time. After exposure for 180 days, the content of inorganic phosphorus increased significantly, and the content of inorganic phosphorus decreased as flooding depth increased. Al-P content increased with the flooding time, but there was no obvious change with flooding depth. The content of Fe-P did not change with the time and the depth of flooding.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Phosphorus compounds
Controlled terms:Aluminum compounds - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Calcium compounds - Chemical properties - Drying - Eutrophication - Floods - Iron compounds - Oil well flooding  - Organic compounds - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water) - Underwater soils - Water levels - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Available phosphorus - Inorganic phosphorus - Laboratory simulation - Physical and chemical properties - Soil physical and chemical properties - Three Gorges project - Three gorges reservoir - Three gorges reservoir area
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 445.2  Water Analysis - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 471.1  Oceanography, General - 511.1  Oil Field Production Operations - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.93e-01yr, Size 0.00e+00m, Size 1.50e+01m, Size 2.00e+00m, Size 5.00e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705105

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 69>

Accession number:20183705802954
Title:Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Cu(CN)<inf>3</inf><sup>2-</sup> and Synchronous Cathodic Deposition of Cu by Peroxydisulfate
Title of translation:K<inf>2</inf>S<inf>2</inf>O<inf>8</inf>&#24378;&#21270;g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf>&#34180;&#33180;&#30005;&#26497;&#20809;&#30005;&#20652;&#21270;&#38477;&#35299;Cu(CN)<inf>3</inf><sup>2-</sup>&#24182;&#21516;&#27493;&#22238;&#25910;Cu
Authors:Dang, Cong-Zhe (1, 2); Li, Yi-Bing (1); Wang, Yan-Bin (2); Zhao, Xu (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin; 300401, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yi-Bing(lybhebut@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:145-151
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Oxidation of Cu-cyanides by a photoelectrocatalytic method was enhanced by adding peroxydisulfate (PS). In the photoelectrocatalytic system (PEC), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf>) thin films prepared by a liquid-based reaction and graphitic carbon felt (GCF) were used as the photoanode and cathode, respectively. First, various processes, including PEC, PS oxidation, and PEC with PS addition (PEC/PS), were compared for Cu-cyanide removal. The addition of PS improved greatly the photoelectrocatalytic efficiency for the oxidation of CN<sup>-</sup> and the recovery of Cu on the cathode. The effect of the amount of K<inf>2</inf>S<inf>2</inf>O<inf>8</inf> was investigated in detail. The removal efficiency of CN<sup>-</sup> and Cu recovery can reach up to 86.23% and 82.11%, respectively, with 1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> K<inf>2</inf>S<inf>2</inf>O<inf>8</inf> at 1.0 V bias potential. Combined with the SEM, EDS, and XPS analysis of the electrode surface, it was concluded that the free Cu<sup>+</sup> was oxidized and existed in the precipitation and photoanode in the form of CuO. Conversely, the liberated Cu<sup>+</sup>/Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were electrochemically reduced to elemental Cu on the surface of the graphitic carbon felt cathode. As a result, metal Cu was recovered from the wastewater of the copper cyanide complexes. Electron spin resonance and radical quenching experiment analysis showed that the oxidation of CN<sup>-</sup> is assigned to sulfate radical oxidation and non-radical oxidation processes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Oxidation
Controlled terms:Carbon films - Cathodes - Copper oxides - Cyanides - Efficiency - Felt - Magnetic moments - Metal recovery - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Copper complexes - G-C3N4 - Peroxydisulfate - Photoelectrocatalytic - Radical oxidation
Classification code:701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 811.1  Pulp and Paper - 813.2  Coating Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.21e+01%, Percentage 8.62e+01%, Voltage 1.00e+00V
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706126

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 70>

Accession number:20183705802942
Title:Concentrations and Compositions of Different Forms of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Atmospheric Aerosols in the Qingdao Coastal Region and over the Yellow and Bohai Sea
Title of translation:&#38738;&#23707;&#36817;&#28023;&#21450;&#40644;&#28196;&#28023;&#22823;&#27668;&#27668;&#28342;&#33014;&#20013;&#19981;&#21516;&#24418;&#24577;&#27694;&#30967;&#36136;&#37327;&#27987;&#24230;&#21450;&#32452;&#25104;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Zhang, Rui-Feng (1); Qi, Jian-Hua (1); Ding, Xue (1); Xie, Dan-Dan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, Jian-Hua(qjianhua@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:38-48
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected in the Qingdao coastal region and over the Yellow and Bohai Sea from June to July in 2016. The diurnal and nightly TSP samples were also continuously collected in the Qingdao coastal region from August 6 to 15. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), dissolved total phosphorus (DTP), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in the TSP samples were analyzed. Results showed that the concentrations of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in Qingdao were higher than those over the Yellow and Bohai Sea during the same sampling period. The contribution of dissolved N was similar to that of insoluble N to TN in Qingdao, with the ratio of DTN to TN of 56%. However the DTN was the dominant contributor of TN over the Yellow and Bohai Sea, accounting for 72% of TN on average. The inorganic nitrogen was the dominant species of DTN in Qingdao and over the Yellow and Bohai Sea (YBS), accounting for 67% and 75% of DTN, respectively. The contribution of dissolved P to TP was similar to that of insoluble P to TP in Qingdao and over the Yellow and Bohai Sea, and the DTP accounted for 49% and 58% of TP in Qingdao and over YBS, respectively. The ratio of IP to DTP was slightly higher than that of OP, with values of 56% and 59% in Qingdao and over the YBS, respectively. The origin of the air mass affected the concentrations and compositions of nitrogen and phosphorus in the aerosols. The concentrations of DIN, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), TN, DIP, and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) in the aerosols from southern air mass were higher than those from northern and marine air masses. The concentration of DON in the diurnal aerosol samples was similar to that in the nightly samples; however, the concentrations of DIN and TN were higher in the diurnal aerosols than those in the nightly aerosols. The DTN was the dominant species of TN in the diurnal and nightly aerosol samples, accounting for 79% of TN on average. Inorganic nitrogen was the dominant species of DTN in the diurnal and nightly aerosols. The ratio of DIN to DTN decreased from 70% in diurnal samples to 61% in nightly samples. The concentrations of DIP were close to that of DOP in the diurnal and nightly aerosols; however, the concentrations of TP were higher in the diurnal aerosols than in the nightly ones. The insoluble P was the dominant form of TP in the aerosols, accounting for 83% and 62% of TP during the day and night, respectively. The contribution of DTP to TP in the nightly aerosols samples was much higher than that in the diurnal aerosols. For both day and night samples, inorganic phosphorus was the dominant species of DTP in aerosols, with a ratio of 71%-77%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Atmospheric aerosols
Controlled terms:Atmospheric thermodynamics - Coastal zones - Dissolution - Meteorology - Nitrogen - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Bohai Sea - Dissolved inorganic nitrogens - Dissolved inorganic phosphorus - Dissolved organic nitrogen - Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) - Qingdao - Total suspended particulates - Yellow sea
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.60e+01%, Percentage 5.80e+01%, Percentage 5.90e+01%, Percentage 6.10e+01%, Percentage 6.20e+01%, Percentage 6.70e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 7.10e+01% to 7.70e+01%, Percentage 7.20e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 7.90e+01%, Percentage 8.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706021

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 71>

Accession number:20183705802965
Title:Effect of Carbon Source on Lab-scale SAD Process in a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Title of translation:&#30899;&#28304;&#23545;&#27745;&#27700;&#22788;&#29702;&#21378;SAD&#24037;&#33402;&#23567;&#35797;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Zhao, Shi-Xun (1); Wang, Jun-An (2); Zhu, Jin-Feng (1); Guan, Hong-Wei (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing Sander Environmental Group, Beijing; 101102, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:232-238
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Lab-scale anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification (SAD) processes were operated simultaneously in a municipal waste water treatment plant (WWTP). Sewage treated by the A/O and nitrification process was used as the substance to start up an anaerobic ammonia oxidation filter reactor. Adding glucose and sodium propionate to influent was used as the substance to start up the SAD filter reactor after the successful start-up of the ANAMMOX reactor. The SAD process performed well with an average total nitrogen concentration in the effluent of 6.41 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>when 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> glucose was added to the effluent sewage at ambient temperature. Compared with the ANAMMOX process, the total nitrogen concentration in the effluent from the SAD process decreased 42%. The stability of the SAD process was destroyed and the SAD process turned into a denitrification process when 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> glucose was added in the influent sewage in a low temperature environment. In normal and low temperature environments, the SAD process functioned well, and the average total nitrogen concentration of the effluent was 6.54 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> when 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> sodium propionate was added in the influent sewage. Compared with glucose, sodium propionate had little influence on the SAD process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Carbon - Denitrification - Effluents - Filtration - Glucose - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Passive filters  - Sewage - Sodium - Temperature - Waste treatment - Water treatment - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:ANAMMOX - Carbon source - Denitrification process - Filter - Low temperature environment - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Nitrification process - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 549.1  Alkali Metals - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 703.2  Electric Filters - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.54e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 4.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706279

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 72>

Accession number:20183705802958
Title:Arsenic Adsorption and Its Species on Ferrihydrite and Ferrihydrite Colloid
Title of translation:&#27700;&#38081;&#30719;&#21450;&#20854;&#33014;&#20307;&#23545;&#30775;&#30340;&#21560;&#38468;&#19982;&#21560;&#38468;&#24418;&#24577;
Authors:Ma, Yu-Ling (1); Ma, Jie (1, 2); Chen, Ya-Li (1); Lei, Mei (3); Guo, Hua-Ming (4); Weng, Li-Ping (1); Li, Yong-Tao (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China; (2) College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (4) School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Jie(majie@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:179-186
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of As(&#8546;) and As(&#8548;) on ferrihydrite and its colloid. A sequential extraction technique and As speciation extraction were used to assess the chemically bound fractions of As and As species in solids, respectively. The kinetic and isotherm data showed that the adsorption was multilevel and readily occurred. The adsorption of As(&#8546;) and As(&#8548;) on the ferrihydrite colloid was 194.8 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 107. 3 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which was higher than that on ferrihydrite (155.2 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 104.4 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). The specifically adsorbed As, amorphous oxide bound As, and crystalline oxide bound As were the major fractions of adsorbed As on ferrihydrite and its colloid. The residual As was absorbed on the ferrihydrite surface instead of on the ferrihydrite colloid. Therefore, As adsorption on ferrihydrite was much stronger than that on ferrihydrite colloid. The ferrihydrite and ferrihydrite colloid could not reduce As(&#8548;) to As(&#8546;).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:57
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Adsorption isotherms - Arsenic - Crystalline materials - Extraction
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption kinetics - Arsenic adsorption - Batch experiments - Crystalline oxides - Ferrihydrites - Fraction - Sequential extraction technique - Speciation
Classification code:802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 933.1  Crystalline Solids
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706248

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 73>

Accession number:20183705802947
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Drinking Water Sources from the Luhun Reservoir
Title of translation:&#38470;&#27985;&#27700;&#24211;&#39278;&#29992;&#27700;&#28304;&#22320;&#27700;&#20307;&#20013;&#37329;&#23646;&#20803;&#32032;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#20581;&#24247;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Yu, Cong-Cong (1); Zhao, Wei-Tuo (2); Gao, Xiao-Feng (3); Cheng, Sheng-Gao (1); Xie, Di (1); Ma, Peng-Tu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) Center of Environmental Engineering and Assessment, No. 203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry, Xianyang; 712000, China; (3) Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo; 113-8656, Japan 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wei-Tuo(weituo2006@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:89-98
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and the human health risks of 12 metals in drinking water sources from the Luhun Reservoir, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations in 46 water samples collected from the reservoir in 2016 were measured and analyzed. The health risks caused by metals were assessed by using a human health risk assessment model. The results showed that the maximum concentration of Al (200.27 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) and all concentrations of Mo (151.42-170.69 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) in drinking water from the Luhun Reservoir exceeded the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002) and Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006) by 4.35% and 100%, respectively. A distinct spatial heterogeneity was found in the metal distribution, and the region with the highest metals concentrations was located southwest (upstream) and northeast (downstream) of the reservoir. The results of a health risk assessment indicated that children had greater health risks than adults. The health risks for metals through drinking were all higher than the values caused by dermal contact. Carcinogenic risks caused by Cr and As exceeded the maximum allowance levels (5&times;10<sup>-5</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>) by 100% and 3.80%, respectively, and Cr accounted for 85% of the total carcinogenic risks. The non-carcinogenic risks of the metals (10<sup>-12</sup>-10<sup>-7</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>) decreased in the order of Al&gt;Mo&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Ni&gt;Hg&gt;Fe&gt;Zn&gt;Mn, which had levels two to seven orders of magnitude lower than the maximum allowance levels.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Health - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Metals - Potable water - Reservoirs (water) - Risk assessment - Rivers - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution characteristics - Drinking water sources - Environmental quality standards - Human health risk assessment - Maximum concentrations - Metals concentrations - Orders of magnitude - Spatial heterogeneity
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.51e-04kg/m3 to 1.71e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 3.80e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+00%, Percentage 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706022

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 74>

Accession number:20183705802948
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Water Supply System in Tianjin
Title of translation:&#22825;&#27941;&#20379;&#27700;&#31995;&#32479;&#20013;&#25239;&#29983;&#32032;&#20998;&#24067;&#21464;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;&#19982;&#20581;&#24247;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Zhang, Xin-Bo (1, 2); Song, Zi (1); Zhang, Dan (1); Liu, Nan-Nan (1); Li, Nan (3); Wen, Hai-Tao (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin; 300384, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin; 300387, China; (3) College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710127, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:99-108
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Six groups of 10 antibiotics in the water plants and water supply network in Tianjin were sampled and analyzed by using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentrations of 10 antibiotics were detected in the water treatment process units, and the distribution, migration, and health risk assessment in the water supply networks were studied. The results of antibiotic determination in the water plants showed that the antibiotic concentrations were 0.96-126.43 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the removal efficiency was -46.47%-45.10% in plant A using traditional treatment processes. The coagulation treatment process was effective for the antibiotic removal in plant A. In plant B with an advanced treatment process, roxithromycin was not detected, and the concentration of other antibiotics was ND-72.27 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The removal efficiency of the antibiotics was 40.25%-70.33% in plant B, which was remarkably higher than that in plant A. The results indicated the process of UV combined with chlorine disinfection played a major role in removing antibiotics in plant B. In addition, the antibiotic distribution in the water pipes indicated that the detection rate of roxithromycin was 75.0% and that for other antibiotics was 100.0%. The concentration of 10 antibiotics was ND-348.99 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and decreased gradually with the increase of the transmission distance, which followed the first order reaction kinetics model. Based on the Monte Carlo method, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of antibiotics in drinking water were assessed. The results displayed that both were at an acceptable level of risk.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Chemical water treatment - Efficiency - Health - Health risks - High performance liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Monte Carlo methods - Phase separation - Potable water  - Reaction kinetics - Risk assessment - Water pipelines - Water supply - Water supply systems
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic concentration - Distribution and migration - Distribution characteristics - High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometries - Removal efficiencies - Solid-phase extraction - Transmission distances - Water treatment process
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 9.60e-10kg/m3 to 1.26e-07kg/m3, Percentage -4.65e+01% to 4.51e+01%, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 4.02e+01% to 7.03e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706245

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 75>

Accession number:20183705802950
Title:Health Risk Evaluation of Organochlorine and Organophosphorous Pesticides in Groundwater in Beijing
Title of translation:&#21271;&#20140;&#24066;&#22320;&#19979;&#27700;&#26377;&#26426;&#27695;&#21644;&#26377;&#26426;&#30967;&#20892;&#33647;&#20581;&#24247;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Chen, Wei-Ping (1); Peng, Cheng-Wei (1, 2); Yang, Yang (1, 2); Wu, Yu-Mei (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Monitoring Center of Beijing Water Environment, Beijing; 100038, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:117-122
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Pollution from organochlorine (OCP) and organophosphorus (OPP) pesticides in groundwater is a key issue for water resource protection. Sixteen kinds of OCP and six kinds of OPP pesticides were detected in 18 groundwater samples determined by GC-MS. Results showed that seven kinds of OPCs and two kinds of OPPs were found in the groundwater in Beijing. Among the OCPs, there were mainly hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hemochromatosis (HCH), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), with maximum values of, respectively, 82.4, 193, and 158 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Among the OPPs, there were o, o-dimethyl-o-2, 2-dichlorovinylphosphate and o, o-dimethyl methylcarbamoylmethyl phosphorodithioate, with maximum values of 7.1 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 17.7 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The OCPs and OPPs were found in the sewage irrigation areas. The results of a probabilistic risk assessment showed that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of OCPs and OPPs within the drinking water in Beijing had been controlled, that risks from OCPs were higher, and that women were more sensitive to the toxicity of the pesticides. The monitoring of HCH and DDT in the groundwater should be implemented.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Fertilizers - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Groundwater resources - Health risks - Intelligent systems - Irrigation - Monte Carlo methods - Pesticides - Potable water  - Sewage - Silicon compounds - Toxicity
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk - Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane - Hexachlorobenzene - Organochlorine pesticides - Organophosphorous pesticides - Probabilistic Risk Assessment - Sewage irrigation - Water resource protection
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 461.7  Health Care - 723.4  Artificial Intelligence - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.58e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.77e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.10e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705130

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 76>

Accession number:20183705802944
Title:Remote Sensing Identification of Urban Black-Odor Water Bodies Based on High-Resolution Images: A Case Study in Nanjing
Title of translation:&#22522;&#20110;&#39640;&#20998;&#24433;&#20687;&#30340;&#22478;&#24066;&#40657;&#33261;&#27700;&#20307;&#36965;&#24863;&#35782;&#21035;: &#20197;&#21335;&#20140;&#20026;&#20363;
Authors:Wen, Shuang (1); Wang, Qiao (2); Li, Yun-Mei (1); Zhu, Li (2); L&uuml;, Heng (1); Lei, Shao-Hua (1); Ding, Xiao-Lei (1); Miao, Song (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Satellite Environment Application Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yun-Mei(liyunmei@njnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:57-67
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The identification of urban black-odor water bodies plays an important role in monitoring and controlling black-odor water bodies. In 2016, a ground survey was conducted on the urban reach of Nanjing, and 55 samples from the West Shazhou River, Tuwei River, Xuanwu Lake, and Jinchuan River were obtained. The spectral characteristics of urban black-odor water bodies and other water bodies were analyzed. Recognition algorithms for GF-2 data were proposed in order to analyze the spatial distribution and environmental factors of urban black-odor water bodies. These algorithms were single-band thresholds based on reflectance of the green band, the difference between the blue band and green band, the ratio of the green band and red band, and the chromaticity value. The results indicate that: &#9312; compared with other types of water, the urban black-odor water has the smallest spectral slope in the range of 400-500 nm and lowest reflectivity, and the peaks and valleys are not prominent in the whole visible range; &#9313; based on the verification, the accuracy of the ratio algorithm is the highest; and &#9314; using the ratio algorithm to calculate the GF-2 data of November 3, 2016, a total of 11 black river sections are identified. The entire length is 40.7 km, and the area is 0.749 km<sup>2</sup>. The black-odor water sections are distributed over a wide range but are not continuous, and they are concentrated in the densely populated areas. Domestic sewage, industrial waste water, and broken river channel are the main reasons.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Remote sensing
Controlled terms:Reflection - Rivers - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:Black-odor waters - GF-2 - Nanjing - Recognition algorithm - Spectra characteristic
Classification code:452.1  Sewage
Numerical data indexing:Area 7.49e+05m2, Size 4.00e-07m to 5.00e-07m, Size 4.07e+04m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703264

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 77>

Accession number:20183705802878
Title:Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Microcystins and Their Relationships with Physiochemical and Biological Factors in Poyang Lake
Title of translation:&#37169;&#38451;&#28246;&#24494;&#22218;&#34299;&#27602;&#32032;&#26102;&#31354;&#20998;&#24067;&#26684;&#23616;&#21450;&#20854;&#19982;&#29702;&#21270;&#21644;&#29983;&#29289;&#22240;&#23376;&#30340;&#20851;&#31995;
Authors:Yuan, Li-Juan (1); Liao, Qie-Gen (1); Zhang, Li (1); Zhang, Da-Wen (1); Luo, Lin-Guang (1); Liu, Ju-Tao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute for Quality &amp; Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang; 330200, China; (2) Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang; 330029, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Da-Wen(zdw3296@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:450-459
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China and an important drinking water source for Jiangxi Province. Since the year 2000, toxic cyanobacteria have been observed frequently in Poyang Lake. In this study, water samples were collected in the lake quarterly (April 2012, August 2012, October 2012, and January 2013) to examine the spatial and seasonal variations in the concentrations of microcystins (MCs; MC-RR, -YR, and -LR) and their relationships with physiochemical and biological factors. MCs were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem triple quadrupole/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). MC-RR (accounting for 75.01% and 71.34% of intracellular MC (IMC) and extracellular MC (EMC) concentrations, respectively) was the most dominant variant in Poyang Lake, followed by MC-LR (accounting for 21.95% and 24.97% of IMC and EMC concentrations, respectively), while MC-YR was detected in low concentrations (accounting for 3.01% and 3.69% of IMC and EMC concentrations, respectively). Total MC concentrations (IMC + EMC, TMC) ranged from 0.49 to 3 517.85 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 337.43 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and only 2.53% (2 out of 79 water samples) of the water samples contained MCs concentrations exceeding the drinking water guideline level of 1 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for MC-LR proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). IMC concentrations showed significant relationships with Microcystis biomass (r=0.47, P&lt;0.01), Oscillatoria biomass (r=0.68, P&lt;0.01), Cyanobacteria biomass (r=0.56, P&lt;0.01), and Chl-a (r=0.28, P&lt;0.01), but no significant correlation was found between intracellular MC concentration and Anabena biomass (P&gt;0.05), suggesting that Microcystis and Oscillatoria might be the main MCs-producing cyanobacteria in Poyang Lake. In addition, IMC concentrations were positively correlated with water temperature (r=0.51, P&lt;0.01), transparence (r=0.69, P&lt;0.01), Fe (r=0.43, P&lt;0.01), and Zn contents (r=0.43, P&lt;0.01), and negatively correlated with TN (r=-0.44, P&lt;0.01), TP (r=-0.29, P&lt;0.01), NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N (r=-0.33, P&lt;0.05), NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N (r=-0.28, P&lt;0.05), Ca (r=-0.34, P&lt;0.01), and Mg(r=-0.35, P&lt;0.05), while no significant correlations were observed between IMC concentrations and pH, PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, electrical conductivity, permanganate index, and Cu content (P&gt;0.05). These results indicated that light intensity (represented by transparence), nitrogen, phosphorus, and water temperature might be the regulating factors of MCs production in Poyang Lake and trace elements (Fe, Zn, Ca, and Mg) can influence the MC production to a certain extent. IMCs and EMCs exhibited similar seasonal variations in Poyang Lake. The highest values of IMCs (531.87 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) and EMCs (232.44 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) were observed in summer. The concentrations of IMCs and EMCs in autumn were 31.97 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 6.49 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Low concentrations were observed in spring (0.55 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.88 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of IMCs and EMCs, respectively) and winter (0.69 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 4.14 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of IMCs and EMCs, respectively). The highest IMCs and EMCs values of Poyang Lake in summer were 2298.08 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 1219.77 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and the lowest values were 92.53 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 38.80 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Overall, the concentrations of IMCs in eastern bays, the vicinity of Songmen Mountain, Banghu Lake, and its outlet were higher than those in other regions. However, the spatial distributions of EMCs in Poyang Lake were different from those of IMCs. EMCs concentrations in the vicinity of Songmen Mountain, Banghu Lake, and its outlet were higher than those in other regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Biomass - Electromagnetic compatibility - Electrospray ionization - Enzyme activity - High performance liquid chromatography - Potable water - Spatial distribution - Temperature - Trace elements - Transparency
Uncontrolled terms:Drinking water sources - Electrical conductivity - Microcystins - Po-yang lakes - Seasonal variation - Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographies - Water temperatures - World Health Organization
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 461.9  Biology - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 711.1  Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801  Chemistry - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.22e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.30e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.32e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.20e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.37e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.88e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.14e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.18e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.32e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.50e-10kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.49e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.90e-10kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.80e-10kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.25e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.19e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 3.01e+00%, Percentage 3.69e+00%, Percentage 7.13e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708227

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 78>

Accession number:20183705802938
Title:Variation of O<inf>3</inf> Concentration in Different Regions of Beijing from 2006-2015
Title of translation:2006~2015&#24180;&#21271;&#20140;&#24066;&#19981;&#21516;&#22320;&#21306;O<inf>3</inf>&#27987;&#24230;&#21464;&#21270;
Authors:Wang, Zhan-Shan (1, 2); Li, Yun-Ting (1, 2); An, Xin-Xin (1, 2); Li, Qian (1, 2); Sun, Nai-Di (1, 2); Wang, Bu-Ying (1, 2); Pan, Jin-Xiu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particulate Monitoring Technology, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yun-Ting(lee_yunting@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1-8
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:O<inf>3</inf> continuous monitoring data for the Dingling, Guanyuan, Liulihe, and Qianmen sites from 2006-2015 were analyzed to investigate concentration levels, variation trends, temporal variations, and relationships with precursors and meteorological factors. The results showed that the ten year average concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> at the Dingling site were the highest at 65.2 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, followed by concentrations at Liulihe (53.4 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>), Guanyuan (49.6 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>) and Qianmen (40.4 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>). The O<inf>3</inf> concentrations at Dingling showed a decreasing trend [0.5 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>], while O<inf>3</inf> concentrations at Guanyuan [0.9 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>], Liulihe [0.3 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>], and Qianmen [0.3 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>] showed an increasing trend. The highest monthly average concentrations appeared during June and August, and the highest frequency occurred in July (17 times) with average concentrations of 99.8 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The lowest monthly average concentrations appeared during November and February, and the highest frequency occurred in January (14 times) with an average concentration of 16.6 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. Notably, the time for the peak concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> appeared earlier in the day in recent years. The peak concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> appeared at 15: 00-16: 00 during 2013-2015, which was 1-2 hours earlier than previous years. The heavy air pollution of O<inf>3</inf> occurred on 11 days at the Dingling site in 2015, which was ten days more than in 2013, indicating O<inf>3</inf> pollution in the downwind suburban regions of Beijing in summer became more and more serious. The concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> and NO<inf>2</inf> at Dingling showed a positive correlation, while the concentrations of O<inf>3</inf>and NO<inf>2</inf> at the other sites showed a negative correlation, indicating O<inf>3</inf> formation in Dingling was sensitive to NO<inf>2</inf> chemistry, while O<inf>3</inf> formation at the other sites was sensitive to VOC chemistry. The concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> showed a positive correlation with temperature and negative correlations with humidity and surface pressure. Temperature had the greatest influence on O<inf>3</inf> concentration, followed by surface pressure and humidity. For cases when daily maximum temperature exceeded 30&#8451; and relative humidity was between 30% and 70%, the probability of the O<inf>3</inf> daily maximum 8 h concentration exceeding 200 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> was high, indicating the air quality level reached levels for light pollution and moderate pollution.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Nitrogen oxides
Controlled terms:Air quality
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing - Long-term - Meteorological condition - Ozone precursors - Precursor
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.01e-02yr, Percentage 3.00e+01% to 7.00e+01%, Time 2.88e+04s, Time 3.60e+03s to 7.20e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705276

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 79>

Accession number:20183705802879
Title:Distribution of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistant Genes in Livestock Manures
Title of translation:&#30044;&#31165;&#31914;&#20415;&#20013;&#22810;&#37325;&#32784;&#33647;&#32454;&#33740;&#21450;&#32784;&#33647;&#22522;&#22240;&#30340;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Zhang, Hao (1, 2, 3); Wang, Pan-Liang (2, 3); Yang, Qing-Xiang (1, 2, 3); Yu, Ning (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (2) College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (3) Key Laboratory for Microorganisms and Functional Molecules, Henan Normal University, University of Henan Province, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (4) Environmental Monitoring Station of Xinxiang City, Xinxiang; 453007, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Qing-Xiang(yangqx@htu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:460-466
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In the present study, techniques for microbial culture enumeration, 16S rDNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification, high-throughput sequencing for the multidrug-resistant bacteria (MRB) communities, and high-throughput quantitative PCR detection for the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were conducted to investigate the distribution characteristics of MRB and ARGs in chicken and swine manures. The results showed that the rates of MRB that were resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin simultaneously were from 7.96% to 12.40% for the different manure samples. The dominant genera of cultivable MRB were Escherichia, Acinetobacter, and Proteus, both in the chicken and swine manures. High-throughput quantitative PCR results indicated that, compared to the antibiotic free swine manure, the total enrichment of ARGs increased by 1.96&times;10<sup>4</sup>-1.54&times;10<sup>5</sup> times that in the swine manure samples, with different antibiotics following the sequence of tetracyclines&gt;&beta;-lactams&gt;MLSB (macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B)&gt;aminoglycosides&gt;FCA (fluoroquinolone, quinolone, florfenicol, chloramphenicol, and amphenicol)&gt;sulfonamides&gt;vancomycins.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Genes
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Amides - Animals - Antibiotics - Bacteria - Fertilizers - Manures - Polymerase chain reaction - Sulfur compounds - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic-resistant genes - Genetic elements - Livestock manure - Multidrug resistants - Quantitative PCR
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.96e+00% to 1.24e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705169

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 80>

Accession number:20183705802875
Title:Effect of Nitrate Amendment on Soil Denitrification Activity and Anthracene Anaerobic Degradation
Title of translation:&#30813;&#37240;&#30416;&#23545;&#22303;&#22756;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#27963;&#24615;&#21450;&#33981;&#21388;&#27687;&#38477;&#35299;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Dai, Jun-Shuai (1); Zuo, Xiao-Hu (1); Wang, Ming-Xia (1); Yao, Yan-Hong (1); Zhou, Zhi-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Zhi-Feng(zhouzhf@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:422-429
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The degradation of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) under denitrification is one of the most important pathways for anaerobic PAH elimination, but little is known about the effect of nitrate (the terminal electron acceptor for denitrification) on soil denitrification activity and PAH degradation under anaerobic conditions. In this study, the effect of nitrate on soil anthracene anaerobic degradation and denitrification activity was investigated through an anaerobic microcosm experiment. Two groups of treatments without (N<inf>0</inf>) and with (N<inf>30</inf>) nitrate (30 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) amendment were conducted. Each group contained three treatments with different anthracene concentrations (0, 15, and 30 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, denoted as A<inf>0</inf>, A<inf>15</inf>, and A<inf>30</inf>, respectively). Therefore, a total of six treatments (N<inf>0</inf>A<inf>0</inf>, N<inf>0</inf>A<inf>15</inf>, N<inf>0</inf>A<inf>30</inf>, N<inf>30</inf>A<inf>0</inf>, N<inf>30</inf>A<inf>15</inf>, and N<inf>30</inf>A<inf>30</inf>) were incubated in darkness at 25&#8451; for 45 days, and the production rates of N<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf>, abundances of denitrification related genes (narG: periplasmic nitrate reductase gene; nirK: copper-containing nitrite reductase gene; and nirS: cd<inf>1</inf>-nitrite reductase gene), and soil anthracene content were measured at 3, 7, 14, and 45 days. The results indicated that the intensive denitrification enzyme activity in each treatment was only detected at day 3, which could be significantly enhanced by both nitrate and anthracene amendments. Subsequently, a sharp decline of denitrification enzyme activity was observed in each treatment, while anthracene showed an obvious inhibition of soil denitrification enzyme activity. The result of a two-way ANOVA also indicated that nitrate, anthracene, and their interactions had significant effects on soil denitrification enzyme activity. The result of a quantitative-PCR indicated that, during the incubation, the abundances of narG and nirS exhibited an increasing tendency, but the abundance of nirK was relatively constant compared with its former counterparts. The final removal rate of anthracene under anaerobic soil environment was in the range of 33.83%-55.01%, and neither the final removal rate nor the degradation rate of anthracene could be significantly affected by nitrate amendment during incubation. The anthracene degradation rates in the higher anthracene containing treatments (N<inf>0</inf>A<inf>30</inf> and N<inf>30</inf>A<inf>30</inf>) were significantly higher than those in the lower anthracene containing treatments (N<inf>0</inf>A<inf>15</inf> and N<inf>30</inf>A<inf>15</inf>). In summary, nitrate amendments had no effect on soil anthracene anaerobic degradation but could significantly affect soil denitrification enzyme activity and the abundance of denitrification related narG and nirS genes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Enzyme activity
Controlled terms:Anthracene - Degradation - Denitrification - Enzyme inhibition - Genes - Nitrates - Polymerase chain reaction - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic degradation - Anaerobic incubation - Denitrification enzyme activities - Microcosm experiments - Nitrite reductase genes - Periplasmic nitrate reductase - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Terminal electron acceptors
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.23e-01yr, Percentage 3.38e+01% to 5.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706267

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 81>

Accession number:20183705802969
Title:Effects of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron (nZVI) on Denitrifying Performance of an Upflow Granular Sludge Bed Reactor
Title of translation:&#32435;&#31859;&#38646;&#20215;&#38081;&#23545;&#21319;&#27969;&#24335;&#39063;&#31890;&#27745;&#27877;&#24202;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#24615;&#33021;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zhou, Feng (1); Wang, Fan-Fan (1); Qian, Fei-Yue (1, 2, 3); Huang, Hui-Min (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3); Zhou, Jian-Min (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Resource Utilization Technology of Municipal Sewage, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Qian, Fei-Yue(feiyuechandler@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:263-268
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to examine the effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the performance of denitrifying granular sludge (DGS) in a continuous flow model, the variations of nitrogen removal efficiency in the reactor, sludge morphology, and denitrifying characteristics at different influent nZVI concentrations were investigated in an upflow sludge bed (USB). The results showed that nZVI concentrations lower than 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> did not influence the nitrogen removal performance of the reactor significantly, and the activity of DGS was improved slightly. When the influent nZVI concentration was in the range of 5 to 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the DGS could adapt to the biological inhibition of nZVI partially, with the increase of sludge concentration and grain size. However, the higher total iron contents in the sludge resulted in the lower denitrifying activity of the DGS. The removal efficiencies of COD and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N in the reactor decreased to 23.3% and 20.3%, respectively, at the influent nZVI concentration of 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Moreover, the DGS was a dark color and of a smaller grain size because of the adsorption of a large amount of nZVI, while the microbe density, such as that of the bacillus species, on the granule surface decreased significantly. In the recovery phase, the nitrogen removal performance of the reactor could almost reach its initial level at nZVI=0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> during an operation of 20 days due to the fast growth of heterotrophic microbes on the surface of the DGS.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Bacteriology - Denitrification - Efficiency - Grain size and shape - Granular materials - Iron - Nanotechnology
Uncontrolled terms:Denitrifying - Denitrifying activity - Granular sludge - Nano-scale zero valent irons - Nanoscale zero-valent iron - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Removal efficiencies - Upflow sludge bed
Classification code:545.1  Iron - 761  Nanotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 5.48e-02yr, Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 1.00e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.03e+01%, Percentage 2.33e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706177

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 82>

Accession number:20183705802960
Title:Pollution Characteristics of Parabens in Typical Sewage Wastewater
Title of translation:&#20856;&#22411;&#22478;&#24066;&#27745;&#27700;&#20013;&#23545;&#32671;&#22522;&#33519;&#30002;&#37240;&#37231;&#30340;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Zhao, Xue (1); Zhang, Zi-Feng (1); Zhu, Fu-Jie (1); Li, Yi-Fan (1); Ma, Wan-Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin; 150090, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Wan-Li(ijrc_pts_paper@yahoo.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:195-201
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Parabens are widely used in foodstuffs, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals as preservatives, fungicides, and bactericides. Recent studies showed that these compounds could be detected in surface water and are a potential hazard to the aquatic ecological environment. In this study, 24-hour influent samples were collected from a typical sewage wastewater treatment plant in Harbin in autumn and winter in 2016. The concentrations of six parabens and four normal water quality parameters were analyzed. The results indicated that parabens were frequently detected in the influent, and MeP, EtP, and PrP were the predominant compounds. Significant correlations were found between TOC, TDS, pH, and the concentration of parabens. The concentration of parabens in the influent of the sewage wastewater treatment plant have obvious daily variations rather than seasonal variations. The results provide an important theoretical basis for further research and pollution control of parabens in sewage wastewater treatment system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Parabens - Phosphorus compounds - Pollution control - Praseodymium compounds - Reclamation - River pollution - Sewage - Sewage pumping plants - Surface waters - Water quality  - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Daily variations - Ecological environments - Potential hazards - Residue characteristic - Seasonal variation - Wastewater treatment plants - Wastewater treatment system - Water quality parameters
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703255

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 83>

Accession number:20183705802976
Title:Effect of Organic Manure Substitution of Synthetic Nitrogen on Crop Yield and N<inf>2</inf>O Emission in the Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System
Title of translation:&#26377;&#26426;&#27694;&#26367;&#20195;&#27604;&#20363;&#23545;&#20908;&#23567;&#40614;/&#22799;&#29577;&#31859;&#36718;&#20316;&#20307;&#31995;&#20316;&#29289;&#20135;&#37327;&#21450;N<inf>2</inf>O&#25490;&#25918;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Hou, Miao-Miao (1); L&uuml;, Feng-Lian (1); Zhang, Hong-Tao (1); Zhou, Ying-Tian (1); Lu, Guo-Yan (1); Muhammad, Ayaz (1); Li, Qing-Hui (2); Yang, Xue-Yun (1); Zhang, Shu-Lan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Shaanxi Station of Soil and Fertilizer, Xi'an; 710003, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Shu-Lan(zhangshulan@nwafu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:321-330
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Controlling agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, such as N<inf>2</inf>O, is important in mitigating global climate warming. Through monitoring the dynamics of N<inf>2</inf>O emission fluxes, we investigated the effect of organic nitrogen (N) substitution of synthetic N on N<inf>2</inf>O emissions and the yield of winter wheat and summer maize in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, China. The study involved six treatments, consisting of no fertilizer (CK), synthetic N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers alone (NPK), 75% NPK+25% organic N through manure (25%M), 50% NPK+50% organic N (50%M), 25% NPK+75% organic N (75%M), 100% organic N (100%M). The results showed that the peak value of the N<inf>2</inf>O emission flux appeared after fertilization, rainfall, and irrigation. In the wheat season, the emission flux of N<inf>2</inf>O varied from -1.33 to 144.2 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, with the highest peak value in the NPK treatment. In the maize season, the emission flux of N<inf>2</inf>O varied from 88.2 to 1 800.1 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, and the 50%M treatment showed the highest peak value. The range in the total amount of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from the different treatments in the wheat-maize rotation system was 429.8-2 632.1 g&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, and the amount for the treatments decreased in order as follows: 50%M&gt;25%M&gt;NPK&gt;75%M&gt;100%M&gt;CK. The yields of wheat, maize, or wheat plus maize were significantly higher in the fertilized treatments compared to the CK. Organic substitution treatments significantly increased wheat yield by 26.1% to 50.0% relative to the NPK treatment. While the maize yield in 50%M and 75%M treatments was similar to that in the NPK treatment, the 25%M and 100%M treatments showed significantly lower yields than with the NPK treatment. The total yield of wheat plus maize varied from 9 166 to 17 496 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, of which total yield was significantly higher with 50%M and 75%M compared to NPK. Overall, the 75%M treatment is the best measure to guarantee crop yield and to reduce N<inf>2</inf>O emissions in the wheat-maize rotation system based on a one year study in the Guanzhong plain of Shaanxi Province.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Crops - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Manures
Uncontrolled terms:Emission coefficient - Emission fluxes - Organic nitrogen - Summer maize - Yield
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.61e+01% to 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707010

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 84>

Accession number:20183705802963
Title:Operation of the AAO Process Under Low Dissolved Oxygen Conditions and Its Simulation
Title of translation:AAO&#24037;&#33402;&#20302;&#27687;&#26465;&#20214;&#19979;&#30340;&#36816;&#34892;&#21450;&#20854;&#27169;&#25311;
Authors:Cao, Te-Te (1); Wang, Lin (1); Li, Yong-Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yong-Mei(liyongmei@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:219-226
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) process was used to investigate the variation of the parameters of water quality when the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the aerobic tank was controlled at a low concentration. The results indicated the system still had good phosphorus and nitrogen removal efficiencies when the DO concentration in the aerobic tank was decreased from 2.00 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 1.00 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the effluent indexes could meet the first class A standard for the "discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant" (GB18918-2002) of China. The activated sludge model of the AAO process was developed by BioWin 4.1 software. The sensitivities of the model parameters were analyzed, and the model parameters, such as amount of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) stored per unit of acetate or the propionate sequestered by phosphorus accumulating bacteria (Y<inf>P/PHA, seq</inf>), the amount of phosphorus stored per unit of PHA oxidized in aerobic conditions by phosphorus accumulating bacteria (Y<inf>P/PHA, aerobic</inf>), the maximum specific growth rate of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (&mu;<inf>max, A</inf>), and the maximum specific growth rate of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (&mu;<inf>max, N</inf>), were calibrated and validated by the dynamic simulation. In addition, the energy consumption of the aeration was simulated and evaluated. The results showed that when the DO concentration in the aerobic tank was decreased from 2.00 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 1.00 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the air flow could be reduced by 23.8% and 38.1%, and the oxygen transfer efficiency could be increased by 7. 2% and 11.7%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Aerobic bacteria - Ammonia - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Energy utilization - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus - Quality control - Tanks (containers)  - Volatile fatty acids - Wastewater treatment - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - DO concentration - Maximum specific growth rates - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Oxygen transfer efficiency - Phosphorus and nitrogen removal - Simulation
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 619.2  Tanks - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-03kg/m3 to 1.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.38e+01%, Percentage 3.81e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704132

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 85>

Accession number:20183705802964
Title:Inhibitory Effects of Phosphate and Recovery on a Nitrification System
Title of translation:&#30967;&#37240;&#30416;&#23545;&#20122;&#30813;&#21270;&#31995;&#32479;&#30340;&#25233;&#21046;&#21450;&#24674;&#22797;
Authors:Gu, Cheng-Wei (1, 2); Chen, Fang-Min (1, 2); Li, Xiang (1, 2); Zhang, Cheng-Jin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiang(lixiang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:227-231
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of phosphate concentration on nitrification was studied by using a stabilization nitrosation system, which was started up in a continuous flow reactor by inoculating sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that the nitrification system was started successfully after operating for 14 days. The conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 92.2%, the nitrite accumulation rate was 73.66%, and the nitrite generation rate was 14.42 g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. There was no effect of phosphate concentration on the nitrosation system between 10 and 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; and the conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen was decreased with the continuous increase in phosphate concentration. When the concentration of phosphate was 80 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with an ammonia conversion rate 13.6%, accumulation rate of nitrite of 18.19%, and nitrite generation rate of 0.54 g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, the reaction was severely inhibited. After reducing the influent phosphate concentration to 0, with the ammonia nitrogen conversion rate at more than 80%, nitrite accumulation rate improved to 86.96%, and the nitrite generation rate being 15.63 g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, the system recovered after operating for 14 days.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Enzyme inhibition - Nitration - Nitrogen - Phosphates - Recovery - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation rates - Ammonia conversion - Continuous flow reactors - Continuous flows - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Nitrite accumulation - Nitrosation - Phosphate concentration
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.84e-02yr, Mass_Density 8.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.36e+01%, Percentage 1.82e+01%, Percentage 7.37e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 8.70e+01%, Percentage 9.22e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705194

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 86>

Accession number:20183705802962
Title:Removal and Influence of Ciprofloxacin in a Membrane Bioreactor
Title of translation:&#29615;&#19993;&#27801;&#26143;&#23545;&#33180;&#29983;&#29289;&#21453;&#24212;&#22120;&#36816;&#34892;&#25928;&#33021;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;&#21450;&#20854;&#21435;&#38500;&#29305;&#24615;
Authors:Dai, Qi (1, 2); Liu, Rui (2); Shu, Xiao-Ming (2); Zhang, Yong-Ming (1); Chen, L&uuml;-Jun (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life and Environment Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai; 200234, China; (2) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Ecological Environment, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (3) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Rui(liuruitsinghuazj@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:212-218
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to treat ciprofloxacin (CIP)-contaminated artificial wastewater. The pollutant removal performance and the microbial community structure of the MBR were studied at three different CIP dosages (0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The results showed that the sludge concentration in the reactor decreased and then levelled off as the dosage of CIP was increased from 0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and further to 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The mean removal of TOC and COD decreased from 98. 40% and 97.80% to 84.20% and 94.10%, respectively, indicating that the CIP negatively influenced the organic removal but the effect was minor. In contrast, the ammonium removal was greatly influenced by the dosage of CIP. When the CIP dosage increased from 0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and further to 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the ammonium removal efficiency decreased from 96.91% to 84.14% and then to 77.80%, and the activity of Nitrosomonas, Alcaligenes, Nitrospira, and Nitrobacter were greatly inhibited. The CIP removal initially increased and then decreased. The mass balance revealed that the removal of CIP in the MBR was principally attributed to biodegradation and sludge adsorption, which accounted for 30.13% and 0.25%, respectively, at a CIP dosage of 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 7.55% and 1.81% at a CIP dosage of 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Bioreactors
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Biodegradation - Microorganisms - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium nitrogen - Ciprofloxacin - Mass balance - Membrane bio reactor (MBR) - Nitrifying microorganism community
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 5.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.81e+00%, Percentage 2.50e-01%, Percentage 3.01e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 7.55e+00%, Percentage 7.78e+01%, Percentage 9.41e+01%, Percentage 9.69e+01% to 8.41e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01% to 8.42e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704059

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 87>

Accession number:20183705802880
Title:Influence of Air Pollution Control (APC) Systems and Furnace Type on the Characteristics of APC Residues from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators
Title of translation:&#28895;&#27668;&#20928;&#21270;&#24037;&#33402;&#21644;&#28954;&#28903;&#28809;&#31867;&#22411;&#23545;&#29983;&#27963;&#22403;&#22334;&#28954;&#28903;&#39134;&#28784;&#24615;&#36136;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zhang, Hua (1); Yu, Si-Yuan (1); Shao, Li-Ming (1, 2); He, Pin-Jing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns &amp; Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:He, Pin-Jing(solidwaste@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:467-476
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The characteristics of air pollution control (APC) residues are influenced by the furnace type, APC system, and waste composition. In this study, the characteristics of APC residues from nine municipal solid waste incineration plants (the compositions of incinerated solid waste are similar) with different furnace types and APC systems were compared. APC residues contain a great amount of Ca and Cl, and the contents of Al, Si, and Fe in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are higher. The mineral compositions of APC residues are not influenced by the flue gas treatment process, but their contents vary. The contents of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are lower, while those of Cr, Ba, Cu, and Ni are greatly influenced by the APC systems, with the "grate+dry scrubber" APC residues having the lowest values. The differences in the heavy metal contents in the APC residues from two incinerators before and after the upgrading of the APC systems are not significant. The leaching toxicity of Pb in the APC residues from grate incinerators is higher than that from fluidized bed incinerators, while some elements with low contents in fluidized bed APC residues can be leached more in acetic acid buffer solution. The acid neutralization capacity of the APC residues is related to Ca content. The leaching concentrations of most heavy metals are significantly increased under strong acidity (Cd, Ni, and Zn: leachate pH&lt;8; Pb, Cu, and Cr: leachate pH&lt;4). The maximum leaching concentrations of As, Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the APC residues from grate incinerators are mainly controlled by their total content. The leaching concentrations of As, Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are lower than those from grate incinerators with similar metal contents, which may be due to their different chemical speciation influenced by furnace types and the complexation with Al and Fe compounds.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Municipal solid waste
Controlled terms:Air cleaners - Air pollution - Air pollution control - Aluminum compounds - Calcium - Chemical speciation - Flue gases - Fluidized beds - Furnaces - Heavy metals  - Iron compounds - Leaching - Toxicity - Waste incineration
Uncontrolled terms:Acid-neutralization capacity - Air pollution control (APC) residue - Air pollution control residues - Flue gas cleaning - Fluidized bed incinerator - Leaching concentrations - Leaching toxicity - Municipal solid waste incinerator
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 549.2  Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705241

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 88>

Accession number:20183705802980
Title:Effects of Straw and Biochar Return in Soil on Soil Aggregate and Carbon Sequestration
Title of translation:&#31224;&#31174;&#19982;&#29983;&#29289;&#28845;&#36824;&#30000;&#23545;&#22303;&#22756;&#22242;&#32858;&#20307;&#21450;&#22266;&#30899;&#29305;&#24449;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Xu, Guo-Xin (1); Wang, Zi-Fang (1); Gao, Ming (1); Tian, Dong (1); Huang, Rong (1); Liu, Jiang (1); Li, Jia-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Zi-Fang(zifangw@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:355-362
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The aim of this work is to understand the effects of straw and biochar return in soil on the content, distribution, stability, and relative contribution rate of organic carbon for soil aggregates, which could be used to better understanding the stability of the soil carbon pool and the protection mechanisms under straw and biochar return. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of straw and biochar return on soil aggregates and carbon sequestration characteristics in a rape-maize rotation planting system. Five treatments, including a control (no organic material added, CK), straw (CS), straw and microorganism (CSD), Biochar (BC), half straw and half biochar (CSBC), were used. The results indicated that &#9312; Straw and biochar could improve the content of soil organic carbon, and the BC and CSBC treatments increased it by 16.88-17.37 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, values higher than those with the CS and CSD treatments (13.76-14.68 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>); &#9313; Compared with the CK treatment, CS and CSD treatments could increase the stability of the aggregates through significantly increasing the content of macro-aggregate by 94.00%-117.78% and significantly increasing the mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), and R<inf>0.25</inf> of water stable aggregates, but reducing the D value (P&lt;0.05); and &#9314; With the increase in aggregate particle size, the content of organic carbon in the aggregates decreased first and then increased. The contribution rate of soil organic carbon in silt and clay was the highest (29.61%-42.18%), and the contribution rate of organic carbon in the macro-aggregate was the lowest (9.19%-17.81%). In addition to the CSD treatment, the CS, BC, and CSBC treatments reduced the contribution of larger aggregates (2-0.25 mm) and micro-aggregates (0.25-0.053 mm). In general, the benefit of straw return was better than that of biochar in promoting soil aggregation. However, the application of biochar was better than straw in improving the aggregates organic carbon content. The newly generated carbon from straw degradation was mainly distributed in large aggregates. Straw with microorganisms could promote the combination of carbon by different components in the larger aggregates. The carbon from biochar and straw with biochar treatments were mainly concentrated in micro-aggregates.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Aggregates - Forestry - Microorganisms - Particle size - Soils - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Carbon sequestration - Contribution rate - Geometric mean diameters - Organic carbon contents - Protection mechanisms - Soil aggregate - Water stable aggregates
Classification code:406  Highway Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.96e+01% to 4.22e+01%, Percentage 9.19e+00% to 1.78e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+01% to 1.18e+02%, Size 2.00e-03m to 2.50e-04m, Size 2.50e-04m to 5.30e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705217

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 89>

Accession number:20183705802946
Title:Estimation of and Control Strategies for Pollution Loads from Non-point Sources in the Chenghai Watershed
Title of translation:&#31243;&#28023;&#27969;&#22495;&#38750;&#28857;&#28304;&#27745;&#26579;&#36127;&#33655;&#20272;&#31639;&#21450;&#20854;&#25511;&#21046;&#23545;&#31574;
Authors:Chen, Xue-Kai (1, 3); Liu, Xiao-Bo (1, 3); Peng, Wen-Qi (1, 3); Dong, Fei (1, 3); Huang, Zhi-Hua (1, 3); Feng, Shun-Xin (1, 3); Wang, Ruo-Nan (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China; (2) College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Xiao-Bo(xbliu@iwhr.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:77-88
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The calculation of non-point source (NPS) pollutant loads of nitrogen and phosphorus is the key step in preparing a pollution control plan. This study modified the export coefficient model by taking into account the precipitation, slope, distance between pollution sources and water bodies, and other relevant factors. The NPS pollution load assessment method established in this study can be applied to data-scarce basins and is suitable for plateau lake regions affected by terrain and precipitation. In this study, Chenghai Lake, which belongs to one of the nine major plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, is selected for the case study. This study first verifies the rationality of the improved export coefficient model based on actual observed values, and then utilizes the improved export coefficient model to assess the loads of dissolved nitrogen (DN) and dissolved phosphorus (DP) pollution. As indicated by the results, in 2014, the loads of DN and DP into Chenghai Lake are 158.48 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> and 24.70 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The maximum contributions of DN and DP pollution load into Chenghai Lake are from agricultural cultivated land are 46.19% and 48.16%, respectively, in terms of land use. The results present a relatively consistent spatial distribution of DN and DP that indicates that the south bank is a key area for governance. Livestock and rural living are the main pollution sources influencing the load of DN and DP into Chenghai Lake and should be prioritized for control. If the pollution from rural living, livestock, fertilizer loss, and land use can be effectively controlled, the load of DN and DP into Chenghai Lake will be decreased by a maximum of 38.47% and 40.76%, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the improved export coefficient model can be applied for study of the NPS pollution assessment of plateau lake regions and can provide a theoretical basis for the NPS pollution control of the Chenghai Lake basin.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Pollution control
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Lakes - Land use - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Rural areas - Water pollution - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Control strategies - Dissolved nitrogen - Dissolved phosphorus - Export coefficient models - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Non-point source - Nonpoint sources - Pollution sources
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.85e+01%, Percentage 4.08e+01%, Percentage 4.62e+01%, Percentage 4.82e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705061

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 90>

Accession number:20183705802979
Title:Effect of Biochar on Ammonia Volatilization from Soils of Different Surface Conditions
Title of translation:&#19981;&#21516;&#22320;&#34920;&#26465;&#20214;&#19979;&#29983;&#29289;&#28845;&#23545;&#22303;&#22756;&#27688;&#25381;&#21457;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zou, Juan (1); Hu, Xue-Yu (1); Zhang, Yang-Yang (1); Chen, Yao-Jun (1); Wang, Xiang-Qian (1); Liu, Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Xue-Yu(huxueyu@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:348-354
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the effect of biochar on the volatilization of ammonia in different surface soils, through the field test method, the responsiveness changes of ammonia volatilization, ammonium nitrogen, and urease were studied under the influence of biochar and crop cultivation. The study set six treatments: CK+, BC0.5+, and BC4.5+(the biochar applied at 0, 0.5, 4.5 kg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, under the condition of crop cultivation), and CK-, BC0.5-, and BC4.5-(the biochar applied at 0, 0.5, 4.5 kg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, under the condition of bare land). The results showed that under the condition of crop cultivation, the ammonia volatilization of the BC4. 5+and BC0.5+treatments increased in 4 days, then significantly decreased by 9.95%-61.80% and 7.97%-50.52% (P&lt;0.05), respectively, with respect to CK+. However, compared with CK-, the ammonia volatilization of the BC4.5-and BC0.5-treatments increased by 40.02%-93.15% and 28.09%-57.45% (P&lt;0.05), respectively. For the same amount of biochar application, the ammonia volatilization of the crop-planting soil was significantly lower than that of the bare land, and BC4. 5+and BC0.5+declined by 27.10%-92.10% and 13.17%-83.45%(P&lt;0.05), respectively, compared with the BC4.5-and BC0.5-, and there was no significant difference between CK+ and CK-. The above results indicated that biochar-mediated soil ammonia volatilization was inhibited by the surface cover. Moreover, with respect to CK+, the maximum increase rates of the contents of ammonium nitrogen and urease in the BC4.5+and BC0.5+ treatments were orderly at 69.25% and 72.73% and 93.61% and 90.56% (P&lt;0.05), but the soil ammonia volatilization decreased in the same period. The biggest decline of the soil NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and urease content of BC4.5-and BC0.5-were 63.78% and 95.70% and 78.38% and 92.64% (P&lt;0.05), respectively. Simultaneously, the soil ammonia volatilization rose in the bare land compared with CK-. Therefore, the soil ammonia volatilization was inversely related to soil NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and urease under the influence of biochar, and the effect of crop planting was more profound.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Crops - Nitrogen - Soils - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia volatilization - Ammonium nitrogen - Bare lands - Bio chars - Land cover
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.10e-02yr, Percentage 2.71e+01% to 9.21e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 9.32e+01%, Percentage 6.38e+01%, Percentage 6.92e+01%, Percentage 7.27e+01%, Percentage 7.84e+01%, Percentage 9.36e+01%, Percentage 9.57e+01%, Percentage 9.95e+00% to 6.18e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706171

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 91>

Accession number:20183705802940
Title:Seasonal Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM<inf>10</inf> Around Electroplating Plants
Title of translation:&#30005;&#38208;&#21378;&#21608;&#36793;&#22823;&#27668; PM<inf>10</inf>&#20013;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#23395;&#33410;&#24615;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#29983;&#24577;&#39118;&#38505;&#35780;&#20215;
Authors:Zhao, Zhen-Li (1); Zhao, Wei-Tuo (2); Huang, Ting (1); Cheng, Sheng-Gao (1); Yu, Cong-Cong (1); Yin, Yi-Meng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) The Center of Environmental Engineering and Assessment, No. 203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry, Xianyang; 712000, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wei-Tuo(weituo2006@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:18-26
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>10</inf> samples were collected from 45 sites around the electroplating factories in five towns in Dongguan at different times during all four seasons in 2015. The contents of 12 heavy metals (HMs) from the PM<inf>10</inf> samples were analyzed by ICP-MS. The seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics and the ecological risk were analyzed to provide a scientific foundation for the relevant department to make decisions regarding the environmental hazard, risk assessment and, pollution control. The results showed that PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations in the towns were lower than national standard level-&#8545;, and the air pollution was heavier in winter than summer. The HM concentrations were higher in autumn and winter, and As, Cd, and Cr concentrations were higher than national standard (GB3095-2012). The concentrations of HMs in Humen, Shatian, and Dalingshan were much higher. The results for the enrichment factor and the geoaccumulation index indicated that Cd, Sb, Hg, and Co were in the extreme degree of pollution category, Pb and Zn were in the slight to extreme degree of pollution category, and Ni, Cr, Mn, and V were described as uncontaminated. The average potential ecological risk assessment (RI) of the HMs from the PM<inf>10</inf> samples was more than 600, which suggested an extremely serious ecological risk in the study area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Electroplating - Heavy metals - Pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological risk assessment - Enrichment factors - Geo-accumulation index - PM10 - Potential ecological risk - Scientific foundations - Seasonal and spatial distributions - Seasonal characteristics
Classification code:531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 539.3.1  Electroplating - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705025

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 92>

Accession number:20183705802966
Title:Effect of Volume Loading Rate (VLR) on Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal by the ABR-MBR Process
Title of translation:&#23481;&#31215;&#36127;&#33655;&#23545;ABR-MBR&#24037;&#33402;&#21453;&#30813;&#21270;&#38500;&#30967;&#24615;&#33021;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:L&uuml;, Liang (1, 2); You, Wen (1, 2); Wei, Jia-Min (1, 2); Wu, Peng (1, 2, 3); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, Yao-Liang(ylshen@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:239-246
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of volume loading rate (VLR) on denitrifying phosphorus removal was investigated in a continuous-flow ABR-MBR combined process treating domestic wastewater to arrive at optimum process parameters. In the experiment, the VLR of the ABR was set at 0.76, 1.01, 1.51, and 2.27 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the system and the effect of the VLR in the MBR on nitrification performance were observed for each VLR of the ABR. The results showed that under the condition when the VLR of the ABR was 1.51 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, the amount of COD removal in the A2 chamber was the largest, and shortcut nitrification was achieved in the MBR when the VLR of the MBR was 1.51 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and TN reached more than 90% and 72%, respectively, the anaerobic P-release and anoxic P-uptake were 7.41 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>and 15.42 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and the concentration of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P in effluent was lower than 0.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which indicated that the shortcut nitrification was more conducive to strengthening the performance of denitrifying phosphorus removal in the ABR-MBR system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Loading
Controlled terms:Denitrification - Effluents - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic P-release - Denitrifying phosphorus removal - Domestic wastewater - Nitrification performance - Process parameters - Removal efficiencies - Shortcut nitrification - Volume loadings
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 691.2  Materials Handling Methods - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.54e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 7.20e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707072

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 93>

Accession number:20183705802987
Title:Distribution Characteristics of Mercury in Reed Leaves from the Jiapigou Gold Mine in the Songhua River Upstream
Title of translation:&#26494;&#33457;&#27743;&#19978;&#28216;&#22841;&#30382;&#27807;&#37329;&#30719;&#24320;&#37319;&#21306;&#33446;&#33479;&#21494;&#29255;&#27742;&#20998;&#24067;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Zhang, Man-Yin (1, 2, 4); Li, Meng-Jie (1, 2, 4); Cui, Li-Juan (1, 2, 3); Wang, He-Nian (1, 2, 4); Guo, Zi-Liang (1, 2, 4); Xu, Wei-Gang (1, 2, 4); Wei, Yuan-Yun (1, 2, 4); Yang, Si (1, 2, 4); Xiao, Hong-Ye (1, 2, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Froestry, Beijing; 100091, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing; 100091, China; (3) Hanshiqiao National Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Beijing; 101399, China; (4) Heibei Hengshuihu National Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Hengshui; 053000, China 
Corresponding author:Cui, Li-Juan(lkyclj@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:415-421
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:At the Jiapigou gold mine of the Songhua River upstream, reed leaves (Phragmites australis), soil, and water samples were collected from June (summer) and September (autumn) 2016 for the determination of mercury. Moreover, the mercury concentrations in the air were determined synchronously. Furthermore, the level of mercury pollution in the reed leaves was determined by a single factor pollution index method, and the relationships among mercury concentrations in the reed leaves and environmental factors were analyzed to research the distribution characteristics, influencing factors, and correlations around the gold mining area. The results show that, in terms of spatial distribution, the mercury concentrations in reed leaves, soil, and water gradually decay with the distance from the gold mining area, and the spatial distribution of the mercury concentrations in the air was not obvious. Regarding a temporal distribution, the mercury concentrations in the reed leaves in summer were lower than those in autumn in the heavy pollution areas, while the distribution in the light pollution areas was the opposite, as the mercury concentrations of air and soil in summer were higher than those in autumn. The influence of environmental factors on the mercury concentrations in the reed leaves was soil&gt;air&gt;water. In addition, after stopping gold mining and processing using mercury, the mercury source in the area was the soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Economic geology - Gold mines - Rivers - Soil pollution - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristics - Environmental factors - Mercury pollution - Reed leaves - Songhua River
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 504.3  Heavy Metal Mines - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706252

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 94>

Accession number:20183705802943
Title:Air Quality Subarea Management: A Case Study of Guangdong Province
Title of translation:&#22823;&#27668;&#29615;&#22659;&#20998;&#21306;&#31649;&#29702;: &#20197;&#24191;&#19996;&#30465;&#20026;&#20363;
Authors:Yang, Liu-Lin (1, 2); Li, Min-Hui (1, 2); Liao, Cheng-Hao (1, 2); Zeng, Wu-Tao (1, 2); Zhang, Hui (1, 2); Zhang, Yong-Bo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Management and Policy Simulation, Guangzhou; 510045, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:49-56
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To meet the requirements of regional air quality management (AQM), the Air Quality Subarea Management (AQSM) system was proposed. A case study was conducted for Guangdong Province. By using the method of air quality numerical simulation and satellite remote sensing inversion analysis, the key factors were selected from the meteorological simulation field, the pollutant concentration simulation field, and the satellite image interpretation to form the index system for AQSM. On this basis, a hierarchical cluster analysis method was used to divide Guangdong Province into three types of AQSM: Strict Control Subarea, Continuous Improvement Subarea, and Coordinated Development Subarea. It was shown that the Strict Control Subarea, Continuous Improvement Subarea, and Coordinated Development Subarea in Guangdong Province covered 16.3%, 28.0%, and 55.7%, respectively. The Strict Control Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 27.9%, 19.3%, 4.4%, and 12.5%, respectively, and the subarea should implement the most stringent AQM policies to promote air quality improvement. The Continuous Improvement Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 34.4%, 15.8%, 7.8%, and 34.5%, respectively, and the subarea should implement relatively strict AQM policies to ensure sustained and stable standards. The Coordinated Development Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 37.7%, 64.9%, 87.8%, and 53.0%, respectively, and the subarea could implement more liberal AQM policies to ensure relatively good air quality. In general, the strict AQM policies in Guangdong Province should be mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta region, followed by Northern Guangdong, Eastern Guangdong, and Western Guangdong in order.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Air quality - Cluster analysis - Gems - Hierarchical systems - Numerical methods - Quality management - Remote sensing - Rivers - Satellites
Uncontrolled terms:Air quality simulation - Atmospheric environment - Guangdong Province - Hierarchical cluster analysis - Satellite remote sensing
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 482.2.1  Gems - 655.2  Satellites - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 912.2  Management - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 921.6  Numerical Methods - 961  Systems Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 1.58e+01%, Percentage 1.63e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 2.79e+01%, Percentage 2.80e+01%, Percentage 3.44e+01%, Percentage 3.45e+01%, Percentage 3.77e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+00%, Percentage 5.30e+01%, Percentage 5.57e+01%, Percentage 6.49e+01%, Percentage 7.80e+00%, Percentage 8.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706055

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 95>

Accession number:20183705802972
Title:Enhancement of Anaerobic Methane Production by Removal of Organic-bonding Metals from Sewage Sludge
Title of translation:&#21435;&#38500;&#22478;&#24066;&#29983;&#27963;&#27745;&#27877;&#20013;&#26377;&#26426;&#32476;&#21512;&#24577;&#37329;&#23646;&#24378;&#21270;&#20854;&#21388;&#27687;&#29983;&#29289;&#21046;&#27668;
Authors:Lu, Yi-Qing (1); Xu, Ying (1); Dong, Bin (1); Dai, Xiao-Hu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:Dong, Bin(tj_dongbin@vip.163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:284-291
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To improve anaerobic digestion biogas yield, the removal of organic-bonding metals by EDTA pretreatment was investigated to strengthen the anaerobic biogas effect. The results showed that after EDTA pretreatment (experimental group), the organic-bonding metals were reduced from (5.09&plusmn;0.57)% to (1.37&plusmn;0.20)% (calculated with TS) and dissolved organic matter increased significantly (SCOD improved 627%), suggesting that this method could remove a large amount of organic-bonding metals and enhance the dissolution of organic sludge. According to the results for the apparent activation energy (AAE) of sludge organic matter dissolution, the AAE of the experiment group was 36% lower than the control group, showing that pretreatment could effectively reduce the reaction energy barrier for organic matter dissolution. In a test of anaerobic acid production lasting 16 days, the VFAs of the experiment group were higher than the control group, with the largest upgrade of 42%. In the anaerobic methane production test (BMP) that lasted for 22 days, compared with control group, the accumulated biogas production of the experiment group increased by 48%. Through further research on the dynamics of methane production, the rate-limiting step in the experiment group was methanogenesis, while that of the control group was hydrolysis, indicating that removal of organic-bonding metals by EDTA pretreatment could effectively accelerate the hydrolysis rate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Activation energy - Biogas - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Dissolution - Hydrolysis - Metals - Methane - Sewage sludge - Sludge digestion  - Volatile fatty acids
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic methane - Apparent activation energy - Bonding metals - Dissolved organic matters - Experimental groups - Methane production - Rate-limiting steps - Reaction energy barriers
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 522  Gas Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.38e-02yr, Age 6.03e-02yr, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 4.80e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706067

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 96>

Accession number:20183705802956
Title:Evaluation of Performance of an Aminated Rosin-based Resin for Adsorption of Norfloxacin from Aqueous Solutions
Title of translation:&#27688;&#21270;&#26494;&#39321;&#22522;&#20132;&#32852;&#32858;&#21512;&#26641;&#33026;&#23545;&#27700;&#20013;&#35834;&#27679;&#27801;&#26143;&#30340;&#21560;&#38468;&#24615;&#33021;
Authors:Ma, Ya-Hong (1); Huang, Wan-Ting (1); Diao, Kai-Sheng (1); Li, Peng-Fei (1); Tan, Xue-Cai (1); Dong, Hui-Yu (2); Qin, Fang-Kua (1); Lei, Fu-Hou (1); Liu, Shao-Gang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities for Food and Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanning; 530008, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Lei, Fu-Hou(leifuhou@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:161-169
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An aminated rosin-based resin (ARBR) was synthesized as a novel environmentally-friendly adsorbent for removal of Norfloxacin (NOR) from aqueous solutions. Its features were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface area measurements (BET). The effects of resin dosage, pH, and ionic strength on the ARBR adsorption properties of NOR were investigated by batch experiments. Results showed that the NOR adsorption amounts increased with pH in the range from 2.0 to 6.0, but decreased at higher pH (8-10). The adsorption process of NOR followed a pseudo-second rate model and could be fitted to the Langmuir isotherm, with calculated maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 30.29 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> at pH 6.0 and 20&#8451;. Thermodynamic calculations showed that the adsorption of NOR was a spontaneous and endothermic process and could be attributed to a combination of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, the adsorbed NOR on ARBR could be efficiently desorbed by 0.1 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> HCl to regenerate the resin. After five adsorption-desorption recycles, ARBR had a stable adsorption performance and could be recycled. The adsorption performance is better than that of various commercial resins, and these research results contribute to the development of applications of rosin derivatives and their utilization in the environmental control of micro pollutants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Desorption - Environmental management - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Hydrogen bonds - Ionic strength - Isotherms - Resins - Scanning electron microscopy - Solutions  - Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption desorption - Adsorption performance - Adsorption properties - Environmental control - Interaction mechanisms - Norfloxacin - Surface area measurement - Thermodynamic calculations
Classification code:454.1  Environmental Engineering, General - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801  Chemistry - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e+02mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201701058

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 97>

Accession number:20183705802975
Title:Effects of Three Soil Amendments on Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Corn Fields in the Hetao Irrigation District
Title of translation:3&#31181;&#22303;&#22756;&#25913;&#33391;&#21058;&#23545;&#27827;&#22871;&#28748;&#21306;&#29577;&#31859;&#30000;&#28201;&#23460;&#27668;&#20307;&#25490;&#25918;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Wu, Yan (1, 4); Hong, Mei (1, 4); Lin, Li-Long (2); Liu, Mei (3); Liu, Yu-Jie (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot; 010010, China; (2) Soil and Fertilizer Station in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot; 010011, China; (3) Hangjinhouqi Agricultural Extension Center, Bayinnaoer; 015000, China; (4) Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Hohhot; 010010, China 
Corresponding author:Hong, Mei(nmhm1970@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:310-320
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the effects of soil amendments on greenhouse gas emissions, five different fertilization treatments (no fertilization, conventional fertilization, conventional fertilization+bentonite, conventional fertilization+biochar, and conventional fertilization+potassium polyacrylate, labeled as NF, CK, B, C, and PAM) were applied on corn fields in the Hetao irrigation district during the maize growing seasons of 2015 and 2016, and the samples were analyzed by static chamber-gas chromatography. The results showed that N<inf>2</inf>O had a bimodal emission pattern in the Hetao Irrigation Area, and the N<inf>2</inf>O emission peak appeared five to seven days after topdressing and irrigating (d. p. ti). The CH<inf>4</inf> emission had no apparent pattern. While the CH<inf>4</inf> emission peak appeared with a few treatments after 6 d. p. ti, the rest of the period indicated the CH<inf>4</inf> absorption in the soil. CO<inf>2</inf> had a unimodal emission pattern, and the CO<inf>2</inf> emission peak appeared during the jointing stage of maize growth. In addition, the correlation analysis indicated that an increase in soil temperature could significantly increase the N<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf> emission rates. Moreover, compared with the CK treatment, the B and PAM treatments could significantly decrease the cumulative emission of N<inf>2</inf>O (P&lt;0. 05), with a decline of 38.59% and 45.35%, respectively. The B and C treatments could significantly enhance the soil uptake of CH<inf>4</inf> (P&lt;0.05), and the cumulative absorption of CH<inf>4</inf>increased 144.44% and 172.22%, respectively. The B and C treatment results were significantly different from the CK treatment based on the cumulative emission of CO<inf>2</inf> (P&lt;0.05), with a decrease of 25.40% and 22.21%, respectively. In general, compared with the CK treatment, the comprehensive warming potential of the B, C, and PAM treatments declined by 27.77%, 19.61%, and 12.16%, respectively. The greenhouse gas emission intensity of the B, C, and PAM treatments decreased by 35.20%, 26.65%, and 13.36%, respectively. The maize yield with the B and C treatments was significantly increased by 11.33% and 9.59%, respectively; and the economic budget of net ecosystem was increased by 16.15% and 12.65%, respectively (P&lt;0.05). In summary, adding extra bentonite and biocarbon to the conventional fertilization was an effective agricultural measure for improving crop yield and reducing the global warming potential for the corn planting system in the Hetao irrigation area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Bentonite - Budget control - Carbon dioxide - Gas chromatography - Global warming - Greenhouse gases - Irrigation
Uncontrolled terms:Biocarbon - Correlation analysis - Cumulative emissions - Global warming potential - Hetao irrigation districts - HetaoIrrigation Area - Maize growing season - Warming potential
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 482.2  Minerals - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.13e+01%, Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.27e+01%, Percentage 1.34e+01%, Percentage 1.44e+02%, Percentage 1.61e+01%, Percentage 1.72e+02%, Percentage 1.96e+01%, Percentage 2.22e+01%, Percentage 2.54e+01%, Percentage 2.66e+01%, Percentage 2.78e+01%, Percentage 3.52e+01%, Percentage 3.86e+01%, Percentage 4.54e+01%, Percentage 9.59e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706110

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 98>

Accession number:20183705802967
Title:Combined Process of DNBF-O<inf>3</inf>-GAC for Nitrogen and Phosphorus and Metabolite Advanced Removal
Title of translation:DNBF-O<inf>3</inf>-GAC&#32452;&#21512;&#24037;&#33402;&#28145;&#24230;&#33073;&#38500;&#27694;&#30967;&#21450;&#20195;&#35874;&#20135;&#29289;
Authors:Zhong, Li-Yan (1, 2); Hao, Rui-Xia (1); Wang, Wei-Dong (1); Wan, Jing-Jing (1); Zhu, Xiao-Xia (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Huizhou City Huayu Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Survey and Design Co., Ltd., Huizhou; 516003, China 
Corresponding author:Hao, Rui-Xia(haoruixia@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:247-255
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To improve the quality of the tailings water from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a denitrification biofilter (DNBF) with a composite filler composed of a new slow-release organic-carbon source (SOC-F), sponge iron, and activated carbon was tested. Studies were conducted in the combined process of DNBF-O<inf>3</inf>-GAC to explore the efficiency of the advanced removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and microbial metabolite by using synthetic effluent made from running water and chemicals. Corresponding comparative studies were conducted by using the secondary effluent from the WWTP. The microbial population structure in the biofilm of the denitrification biofilter was analyzed by adopting MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technologies. The results indicated that the combination process achieved high efficiency removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and microbial metabolite. The average removal rate of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N in the simulated and actual water period reached 88.87% and 79.99%, respectively; the average removal rate of TP reached 87.67% and 65.51%, respectively; and the average removal rate of UV<inf>254</inf>reached 45.51% and 49.23%, respectively. Each processing unit had different functions. The changes in NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, TN, TP, and TFe mainly occurred in the denitrification biofilter, and the removal of UV<inf>254</inf> and the change in the three-dimensional fluorescence intensity mainly occurred in the ozone-activated carbon reactor. The cluster analysis at the genus level indicated that the denitrification system had sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria. Sulfur autotrophic denitrification increased obviously in the actual water period when relatively lack of carbon sources, and the proportion of Thiobacillus increased from 7.44% to 29.62%. The complementary effect of sulfur autotrophic denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification had extended the use of the new slow-release carbon source.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Activated carbon treatment - Air pollution control - Bacteria - Biofilters - Biomolecules - Cluster analysis - Denitrification - Efficiency - Effluents  - Metabolites - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Organic carbon - Phosphorus - Sponge iron - Sulfur - Throughput - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Autotrophic denitrification - Carbon filters - Heterotrophic denitrification - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial metabolites - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Three-dimensional fluorescences - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9  Biology - 545.1  Iron - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.55e+01%, Percentage 4.92e+01%, Percentage 6.55e+01%, Percentage 7.44e+00% to 2.96e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 8.77e+01%, Percentage 8.89e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706070

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 99>

Accession number:20183705802985
Title:Distribution and Accumulation of Cadmium in Paddy Soil and Rice Affected by Pollutant Sources Control and Improvement Measures
Title of translation:&#25511;&#28304;&#21450;&#25913;&#33391;&#25514;&#26045;&#23545;&#31291;&#30000;&#22303;&#22756;&#21644;&#27700;&#31291;&#38217;&#32047;&#31215;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Feng, Wen-Li (1); Guo, Zhao-Hui (1); Shi, Lei (1); Xiao, Xi-Yuan (1); Han, Xiao-Qing (1); Ran, Hong-Zhen (1); Xue, Qing-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Zhao-Hui(zhguo@csu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:399-405
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five scenarios on the accumulation of Cd in the soil-rice system, including the return of straw to the field and the lack of the return, atmospheric deposition control, use of clean water for irrigation, and the use of lime. For the field experiments, three typical paddies were selected and divided into five plots (5 m&times;6 m) in Xiangtan, Zhuzhou, and Liling in the Hunan province from April to October 2016. The results showed that the application of lime can increase pH by 0.87, while the available Cd concentration in the soil was decreased by 33.7%. The accumulations of Cd in roots, stems, and brown rice were decreased by 47.9%, 46.7%, and 54.8%, respectively, with a decrease in the corresponding bioconcentration factors. Irrigating with clean water and liming tended to increase the soil pH by 0.44 and 0.49, respectively, while the available Cd concentration in the soil was decreased by 18.2% and 14.5%, respectively. The Cd concentrations in roots, stems, and brown rice were decreased by 32.6%, 24.2%, and 18.0%, and 17.6%, 11.3%, and 25.4% with decreased bioconcentration factors under both treatments (irrigating with clean water and liming). The available Cd concentration in the soil was increased by 6.1% and the Cd accumulation in the rice plants also increased with the return of straw to the soil. The bioconcentration factors of the rice plants were also increased when the paddy straw was returned to the fields. The results showed that the measures, such as the use of lime, atmospheric deposition control, use of clean water for irrigation, and lack of the return of straw to the paddy soil, should be helpful for the safe production of brown rice. The possible long-term risks associated with returning straw to the paddy field should be evaluated scientifically.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Atmospheric chemistry - Bioaccumulation - Cadmium - Deposition - Irrigation - Lime - Meteorological problems - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric depositions - Bio-concentration factors - Cd concentrations - Field experiment - Improvement measure - Long-term risks - Paddy soils - Pollutant sources
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.13e+01%, Percentage 1.45e+01%, Percentage 1.76e+01%, Percentage 1.80e+01%, Percentage 1.82e+01%, Percentage 2.42e+01%, Percentage 2.54e+01%, Percentage 3.26e+01%, Percentage 3.37e+01%, Percentage 4.67e+01%, Percentage 4.79e+01%, Percentage 5.48e+01%, Percentage 6.10e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706233

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 100>

Accession number:20183705802953
Title:Effect of Phosphate on the Ammonium Removal Performance of Iron-Manganese Co-oxide Film in Surface Water Treatment
Title of translation:&#30967;&#37240;&#30416;&#23545;&#38081;&#38192;&#22797;&#21512;&#27687;&#21270;&#33180;&#21435;&#38500;&#22320;&#34920;&#27700;&#20013;&#27688;&#27694;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Zhuo, Rui-Shuang (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (1); Zhang, Rui-Feng (1); Wen, Gang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Ting-Lin(huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:137-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of phosphate on the ammonium removal performance of iron-manganese co-oxide film coated quartz sands in surface water treatment was investigated in a pilot-scale filtration system. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of ammonium decreased with reaction time without phosphate, while it stabilized at a level over 95.3% with phosphate dosing of 5-15 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> at a temperature between 17.2-21.9&#8451;. The effluent ammonium concentration of the filter columns exceeded the permitted limits for drinking water, when the water temperature was below 10.5&#8451;. Fortunately, it can meet the water standards by increasing the amount of dosed phosphate to 30 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> or increasing the height of the filter layer. However, the ammonium concentration in the effluent of the filter when only increasing the height of the filter layer exceeded the water standards after running for several days. The maximum safe concentration of ammonium in the influent of the filters with 120 cm and 80 cm height active filter beds were 2.34 and 1.95 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> with the condition of 30 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> phosphate, respectively. Microorganism inactivation experiments indicated that the ammonium removal capability of the activated oxide film included catalytic oxidation and biological nitrification simultaneously. The total activity and catalytic oxidation activity of the activated oxide film were 1.36 times and 1.79 times higher than those without phosphate, respectively, which suggested that phosphate can facilitate the catalytic oxidation activity of the activated oxide film.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Catalyst activity - Catalytic oxidation - Cobalt compounds - Effluents - Iron oxides - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Oxidation - Oxide films - Passive filters - Phosphates  - Potable water - Surface treatment - Surface waters - Water filtration - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium - Ammonium concentrations - Ammonium removal - Biological nitrification - Catalytic oxidation activity - Filtration systems - Removal efficiencies - Water temperatures
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 703.2  Electric Filters - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.95e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.34e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-06kg/m3 to 1.50e-05kg/m3, Percentage 9.53e+01%, Size 1.20e+00m, Size 8.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706004

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 101>

Accession number:20183905856829
Title:Emissions, Chemical Composition, and Spatial and Temporal Allocation of the BVOCs in the Yangtze River Delta Region in 2014
Authors:Liu, Yan (1, 2, 3); Li, Li (2, 3); An, Jing-Yu (2, 3); Zhang, Wei (1); Yan, Ru-Sha (2, 3); Huang, Ling (4); Huang, Cheng (2, 3); Wang, Hong-Li (2, 3); Wang, Qing (2, 3); Wang, Min (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan; 250014, China; (2) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai; 200233, China; (4) Ramboll Environ, Shanghai; 200021, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Li(lili@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:608-617
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the land surface vegetation data interpreted via remote sensing and the meteorological conditions predicted via the WRF model, the MEGAN model was applied to calculate the regional BVOC emissions in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in 2014. The chemical components and the temporal and spatial allocations were further analyzed. Results show that the annual BVOC emissions in the YRD were 1 886 kt, in which isoprene emissions were 704.2 kt (accounting for 37.3%), monoterpenes 303 kt (16.1%), and other VOCs 878.8 kt (46.6%). Seasonal variation of the BVOC emissions was very significant. The BVOC emissions had a strong seasonal pattern, with maximum emissions in summer, accounting for 60.9% (1 088 kt) of the total, whereas the minimum emissions occurred in winter, accounting for 3.2% (57 kt). Spatially, the southern YRD produced more BVOC emissions than the northern part did. In Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Shanghai, the BVOC emissions were 842 kt (44.6%), 760 kt (40.3%), 272 kt (14.4%), and 12 kt (0.7%), respectively. This is mainly related to the distribution of vegetation types.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Monoterpenes - Remote sensing - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:BVOCs - Emission inventories - MEGAN - Temporal and spatial - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.44e+01%, Percentage 1.61e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+01%, Percentage 4.03e+01%, Percentage 4.46e+01%, Percentage 4.66e+01%, Percentage 7.00e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703276

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 102>

Accession number:20183905856841
Title:Spatio-temporal Distribution and Source Apportionment of Nitrogen in Rivers of Tieling
Authors:Yang, Li-Biao (1); Lei, Kun (1); Qiao, Fei (1); Meng, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:711-719
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution and sources of nitrogen (N) in 22 rivers in Tieling City during 2013-07-2014-07. The results showed that the concentrations of TN, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were 1.26-18.85, 0.53-11.8, and 0.3-15.7 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with an annual mean value of (5.8&plusmn;1.9) (2.8&plusmn;1.74), and (2.0&plusmn;1.1) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Overall, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was the main form of N with a percentage of 48%. The concentration of N in the wet season was significantly higher than that in the normal and dry seasons. According to the standards for surface water quality, water quality in eight rivers was worse than grade &#8546;. Tiaozi River and Xiaoqing River were seriously polluted by ammonia N with a grade &#8548; water quality through the sampling period, while Xiliao River, Xiaohezi River, and Liao River met the water quality standards. During the sampling period, &delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O in nitrate in river waters were -3.0&permil;-23.9&permil; and -11.7&permil;-57&permil;, respectively. Based on the data on the isotopes of N and O, N in the rivers in Tieling City mainly originated from human and animal excreta, industrial effluents, and domestic sewage. Sources of riverine N varied with seasons. For example, N in Tiaozi River and Nianpan River was mainly from fertilizer use and soil nitrogen in the wet season while it was from the industrial effluents and domestic sewage in the dry season.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Drought - Effluents - Isotopes - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Pollution - Rivers - Sewage - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Domestic sewage - Industrial effluent - Sampling period - Source apportionment - Spatiotemporal distributions - Tieling City - Water quality standard - Xiaoqing rivers
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-04kg/m3 to 1.57e-02kg/m3, Percentage 4.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704279

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 103>

Accession number:20183905856777
Title:Effects of Magnetic Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> Nanoparticles on the Characteristics of Anaerobic Granular Sludge and Its Interior Microbial Community
Authors:Su, Cheng-Yuan (1, 2); Zheng, Peng (1); Lu, Yu-Xiang (1); Yuan, Qiu-Hong (1); Zhao, Li-Jian (1); Liao, Li-Ming (1); Huang, Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin; 541004, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1316-1324
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the effects of magnetic Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles (Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> NPs) on soluble microbial products (SMP), loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS), and tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) in anaerobic granular sludge were examined. In addition, the anaerobic granular sludge interior microbial community dynamics were investigated using high-throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated that the removal rate of COD was 83.6% after long-term exposure in the experimental reactor, namely, the anaerobic reactor containing Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> NPs. It was reduced by 5.7% in comparison with the removal rate in the control reactor. The total amount of TB-EPS in anaerobic granular sludge in the experimental and control reactors was 178.20 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 138.24 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, while the total amount of SMP in anaerobic granular sludge was 34.88 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 27.44 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. With regard to the LB-EPS in anaerobic granular sludge in the experimental reactor, the peak of humic acid disappeared and the peak intensity of coenzyme F<inf>420</inf> decreased slightly using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra. In terms of the microbial community dynamics in the experimental reactor, the abundance of Methanobacterium was greatly augmented from 76.15% to 86.76%; whereas, the abundance of Methanothrix decreased from 17.1% to 7.51%. This indicated that Methanothrix was more sensitive to Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> NPs. Moreover, the changes in bacterial communities were evident: &#9312;the abundance of Proteobacteria dropped from 66.44% to 47.16%; &#9313; the abundance of Actinobacteria grew from 8.97% to 17.33%; and &#9314; the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased from 8.07% to 17.74%. The increasing abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes plays a positive role in the anaerobic hydrolysis of organic matter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Granular materials
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Experimental reactors - Iron oxides - Magnetite - Microorganisms - Nanomagnetics - Nanoparticles - Polymers
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic granular sludge - Extra cellular polymers - Fe3O4 nanoparticles - Long exposures - Microbial communities
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 621  Nuclear Reactors - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 761  Nanotechnology - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 933  Solid State Physics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.74e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.49e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.71e+01% to 7.51e+00%, Percentage 5.70e+00%, Percentage 8.07e+00% to 1.77e+01%, Percentage 8.36e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707138

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 104>

Accession number:20183905856834
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Semi-volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) in Qiantang River's Hangzhou Section During a Water Odor Pollution Event
Authors:Chen, Feng (1); Tang, Fang-Liang (1); Xu, Jian-Fen (1); Wang, Yi-Yi (1); Ruan, Dong-De (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Zhou, Shan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Tang, Fang-Liang(tangfl001@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:648-654
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:For surface water samples collected from the Hangzhou section of Qiantang River (before, during, or after the occurrence of a water odor pollution event), 125 kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs)were quantitatively determined via purge&amp;trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Then, the pollution characteristics of the VOCs and SVOCs were analyzed, and the health risk of these compounds was assessed. The results showed that 17 VOCs and SVOCs in the surface water samples of 4 monitoring sections were detected, in a concentration range of 0.01-1.21 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which is a low pollution level. The concentration of dichloromethane was the highest of 17 VOCs and SVOCs, accounting for 36.3%, and it was thus clear that dichloromethane was the main contributing factor. During the water odor pollution event, the concentrations of VOCs and SVOCs were significantly higher than they were in the three months before or after the occurrence of the event, by 2.1-4.6 times, reflecting the strong external source input. In addition, human health risk assessment of ingestion through drinking water and absorption through skin contact was performed using US EPA recommended methods. It indicated that the total non-carcinogenic and total carcinogenic risks (&sum;HI and &sum;R) caused by VOCs and SVOCs are 2.4&times;10<sup>-3</sup>-3.6&times;10<sup>-2</sup> and 1.9&times;10<sup>-7</sup>-1.0&times;10<sup>-6</sup>, respectively, both of which belong to the acceptable risk level. Therefore, although &sum;HI and &sum;R during the occurrence of the odor event were significantly higher than those in the three months before or after the event, the VOCs and SVOCs detected will not cause obvious non-carcinogenic nor carcinogenic health effects on humans.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Dichloromethane - Gas chromatography - Health - Health risks - Liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Potable water - Risk assessment - Rivers - Surface waters  - Volatile organic compounds - Water absorption
Uncontrolled terms:Acceptable risk levels - Concentration ranges - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Human health risk assessment - Liquid-liquid extraction - Qiantang River - Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) - Triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-08kg/m3 to 1.21e-06kg/m3, Percentage 3.63e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706231

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 105>

Accession number:20183905856760
Title:Effect of Nutrient Loadings on the Regulation of Water Nitrogen and Phosphorus by Vallisneria natans and Its Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics
Authors:Zhou, Yi-Wen (1, 2); Xu, Xiao-Guang (2); Han, Rui-Ming (2); Zhou, Xiao-Hong (1); Feng, De-You (1); Li, Zhi-Chun (2); Wang, Guo-Xiang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Xiao-Hong(xhzhou0214@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1180-1187
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Submerged macrophytes are an important component of aquatic ecosystems. During the growing period, submerged macrophytes can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients to reduce pollution loadings. Shoots of submerged macrophytes can also promote the adhesion of suspended substances in water, reducing the turbidity. The release of nutrients in sediments can be suppressed by its root system, and the resuspension of sediments caused by disturbance of winds and waves can also be resisted. The role of submerged macrophytes in ecological restoration of eutrophic lakes has attracted widespread attention. In 1960, the submerged plants Vallisneria natans and Potamogeton malaianus had been the dominant species in East Taihu. However after 2002, Nymphoides peltatum, Elodea nattalii, P. malaianus, etc. have gradually taken over the dominant roles along with significant elevations of nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Nutrients in water are not the only key factors causing eutrophication of water bodies; the nutrient source for submerged plant growth affect both the purification efficiency and the photosynthetic characteristics of submerged macrophytes. Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations can inhibit the photosynthetic physiological activities of submerged macrophytes, affecting the succession of aquatic vegetation. In addition, under high nutrient conditions, the competition from periphytic algae and planktonic algae may also directly poison submerged macrophytes, leading to its degradation and disappearance. Systematic studies on the regulation and photosynthetic fluorescence response mechanism of submerged macrophytes to varied nutrient loadings are helpful in revealing their relationships. The seedlings of submerged macrophyte V. natans were transplanted in a laboratory mesocosm to study the effect of nutrient loadings on its regulation of water nitrogen and phosphorus. Three nitrogen and phosphorus loadings from low, medium, and high levels derived from nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate were setup as the aquatic medium for the plant growth. Twelve harvests were carried out to determine the evolution of nutrient removal performance of V. natans. Its photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics were measured by a pulse-amplitude modulated fluorometer (Diving-PAM). Results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption abilities of V. natans were gradually enhanced with the increase of nutrient concentrations in the range of TN&le;12 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and TP&le;1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. In the treatment of high nutrient concentrations (TN=12 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and TP=1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), the removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus reached more than 95%. V. natans preferentially absorbed ammonium nitrogen when its concentration was high. The medium nutrient concentrations (TN: 8-12 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and TP: 0.6-1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) did not significantly affect the F<inf>v</inf>/F<inf>m</inf> ratio of leaves. However, the low nutrient concentrations (TN=3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and TP=0.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) could improve the F<inf>v</inf>/F<inf>m</inf> ratio of leaves and were beneficial for the growth of V. natans. The inhibition of photosynthetic activity and light tolerance were enhanced with the increase in nutrient concentrations. The photosynthetic activity of V. natans gradually recovered with no significant changes in the capacity for light harvesting, when the nutrient concentrations gradually decreased in the water. Our results indicate that the high nitrogen and phosphorus loadings indeed hamper the photosynthetic capacity, which may subsequently restrain the maintenance of the dominance of V. natans in the submerged macrophyte communities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nutrients
Controlled terms:Algae - Aquatic ecosystems - Eutrophication - Fluorescence - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Fluorescence characteristics - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Nutrient loading - Photosynthetic capacity - Photosynthetic characteristics - Pulse amplitude modulated fluorometers - Purification efficiency - Vallisneria
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 6.00e-04kg/m3 to 1.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.00e-03kg/m3 to 1.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705111

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 106>

Accession number:20183905856862
Title:Sources and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from the Urbanization Process of Topsoil
Authors:Yao, Hong (1, 2); Zhang, Shi-Chao (1, 2); Liu, Ming-Li (1, 2); Wang, Jing (1, 2); Lu, Yin-Tao (1, 2); Yu, Xiao-Hua (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing; 100044, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing; 100044, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Xiao-Hua(xhyu@bjtu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:889-898
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the effects of urbanization on concentration, sources, and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 95 topsoil samples were collected from Liaoning Province. For this assessment, 21 PAHs were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and discussed. The results show the total concentrations of the 21 PAHs in background, Shen-Fu, Shen-Yang, and Fu-Shun were 1 496.76 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 3 000.50 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 8 705.11 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and 8 178.90 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which is positively correlated with the urbanization levels. Diagnostic ratios and PMF modal analysis indicate that the sources of the PAHs in soils were most likely coal combustion and traffic combustion (petroleum combustion). The main sources of PAHs in the four areas were petrochemical combustion (41.0%), coal combustion (64.4%), traffic combustion (67.5%), and traffic combustion (62.0%), that is, with the urbanization process, human activity (mainly traffic combustion) gradually become the major contributor of PAHs to the environment. Health risk assessment showed that the risk of cancer exposure through soil digestion and skin exposure was higher. There is a higher health risk from PAHs in urban soils, and the health risks associated with children and adolescents are greater than with other residents, requiring more attention.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Aromatization - Elementary particle sources - Gas chromatography - Health - Health risks - Hydrocarbons - Mass spectrometry - Mineral oils - Modal analysis - Petroleum analysis  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Risk assessment - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Children and adolescents - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Liaoning Province - Petroleum combustion - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Topsoil - Urbanization - Urbanization levels
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.10e+01%, Percentage 6.20e+01%, Percentage 6.44e+01%, Percentage 6.75e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705178

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 107>

Accession number:20183905856857
Title:Quantitative Analysis of Dominant Pollutants in Secondary Effluent via Dye Probe Technology
Authors:Meng, Xiao-Rong (1, 2, 3); Wang, Cong-Hui (1, 3); Wang, Lei (1, 3); Wang, Xu-Dong (1, 3); Qiao, Ru-Kai (1, 3); Ren, Ting-Ting (2, 3); Tang, Wei-Ting (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental &amp; Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shannxi Province, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:852-858
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The linear relationship between the concentration of either bovine serum albumin (BSA) or sodium alginate (SA) and the intensity of a resonance light scattering (RLS) spectrum was established by using Congo red and neutral red as the dye probes, respectively. Moreover, the linear relationship between the concentration of humic acids (HA) and UV absorbance was determined by using toluidine blue (TB) as the dye probe. The detection of concentration range and the pH value of three kinds of standard substances were optimized. The recovery rate of bi- and tri-element samples of the standard objects was investigated by means of the dye probe analysis method. The results show that, in the appropriate concentration range, the linear correlation coefficients between the concentration of BSA, HA, or SA and the intensity of its corresponding dye probe spectrum were all high, at 0.98. The recovery rates of the three kinds of standard objects in mixed samples were all greater than 95%, and the standard errors were all less than 0.11%. Based on qualitative analysis of the proteins, polysaccharides, and humic acids in the secondary water discharge samples of urban sewage obtained via UV and RLS spectra, the dominant pollutants were confirmed in the four kinds of secondary effluent. The relative deviations of the concentration of polysaccharides and proteins measured using the dye probe technique and the national standard method ranged were from 1.2% to 0.04%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Probes
Controlled terms:Azo dyes - Body fluids - Effluents - Light scattering - Organic acids - Polysaccharides - Proteins - Sewage - Sodium alginate - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Dye probes - Organics - Resonance light scattering - Secondary effluent - UV spectrophotometry
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.10e-01%, Percentage 1.20e+00% to 4.00e-02%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705052

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 108>

Accession number:20183905856817
Title:Ozone Formation Potential and Priority Species of VOCs in an Industrial Park
Authors:Wu, Lei-Dan (1); Wang, Xiu-Yan (1); Yang, Wen (2); Guo, Feng-Yan (2); Liu, Jin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China; (2) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiu-Yan(wangsy@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:511-516
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ground-level ozone (O<inf>3</inf>) pollution is a serious problem in major cities in China. The control of its precursors, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), is a key to limiting ozone production. The ozone formation potential of VOCs in an industrial park in Tianjin was studied by collecting gas samples at the factory boundaries of six representative enterprises. The PTR-TOF-MS was used to analyze VOCs quantitatively. The VOCs/NO<inf>x</inf> ratio was used to determine the control strategies. The priority VOCs were selected based on the entropy method. Our results indicated that, the ozone formation potential concentration of enterprise F was the highest with the concentration of 0.423 3 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> using the propylene-equivalent concentration (PEC) scale; the highest concentration was obtained at enterprise C with 1.573 3 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> using maximum incremental reactivity(MIR) scale. The result of PEC scale is closer to the O<inf>3</inf> concentration, which is applicable to the study of ozone generation in this industrial park. Ozone production is sensitive to both VOCs and NO<inf>x</inf> in this industrial park, joint control should be considered. Alkanes contributed most to ozone formation, followed by alkenes &amp; alkynes, alcohols, and aromatics. The prior VOC species that need to be controlled include n-heptane and its isomers, n-nonane, n-octane and its isomers, undecane, pentane, n-decane, and methanol.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Heptane - Isomers - Ozone - Paraffins - Propylene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Control strategies - Equivalent concentrations - Ground-level ozone - Maximum incremental reactivities - Ozone formation potentials - Ozone generation - Ozone production - Priority pollutants
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707106

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 109>

Accession number:20183905856854
Title:Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of HZO@SGH for the Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution
Authors:Ma, Fu-Zhen (1); Zhou, Shao-Qi (1, 2, 3); Liu, Ze-Jun (1); Zhi, Liang-Liang (1); Zhou, Xuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang; 550001, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510640, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Shao-Qi(fesqzhou@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:828-837
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Three-dimensional porous composites based on hydrous zirconium oxide and self-assembled graphene hydrogels (HZO@SGH) were successfully synthesized via homogeneous precipitation. HZO@SGH was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the morphology and the defluoridation mechanism. The adsorption performance and mechanism of HZO@SGH for fluoride was investigated via batch adsorption experiments. The results revealed that the adsorption capacity of HZO@SGH for fluoride was obviously higher than that of HZO or SGH singly. The adsorption data for fluoride onto HZO@SGH complied with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption rate was mainly controlled by chemical adsorption. The adsorption process could be described well with the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model, as the maximum adsorption capacity was approximately 31.79 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which is higher than that of some zirconium-containing adsorbents, as previously reported. HZO@SGH showed excellent adsorption properties in the fluoride solution contained NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and a low concentration of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> (&le;10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) at low pH (3-6.5). The preparation of HZO@SGH was convenient and environmentally friendly, as it was easily separated from the fluoride solution and did not cause secondary pollution. Hence, the prospect of HZO@SGH in practice was brilliant.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Dyes - Fluorine compounds - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Graphene - Hydrogels - Isotherms - Kinetic parameters - Kinetic theory - Oxides - Scanning electron microscopy  - Solutions - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy - Zirconium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Adsorption performance - Batch adsorption experiments - Fluoride - Graphene hydrogels - Homogeneous Precipitation - Isotherm modeling - Pseudo-second-order kinetic models
Classification code:801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705291

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 110>

Accession number:20183905856849
Title:Relationship Between Macrophyte Communities and Macroinvertebrate Communities in an Urban Stream
Authors:Qu, Xiao-Dong (1, 2); Yu, Yang (2); Zhang, Min (2); Duan, Long-Fei (3); Peng, Wen-Qi (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing; 100038, China; (3) Haihe River Water Conservancy Commission, Yinluan Project Management Bureau, Tangshan; 064300, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Wen-Qi(pwq@iwhr.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:783-791
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The channelization has caused severe degradation of aquatic ecosystems during the past decades of rapid urbanization in metropolitan areas of China. The re-construction of the in-stream habitat of aquatic organisms and the restoration of aquatic ecosystems were more difficult in the urban stream than in the natural stream with the effluence of nutrient enrichment, water contamination, and in-stream habitat loss. Considering the ecological effects of the submerged macrophyte replantation on macroinvertebrate communities, one of the urban streams that used replantation restoration strategy was seasonally monitored from October 2012 to July 2013. There were four sampling sites, two located at the upper region and two in the middle region. Due to the relatively high levels of organic matter contamination, there are no sites in the downstream region of Qinghe River. Four types of submerged macrophyte were planted at each site to restore the in-stream habitat of two years ago, including Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton crispus, Hydrilla verticillate, and Ceratophyllum demersum. Because of the unexpected development, Myriophyllum spicatum and Acorus calamus appeared at the upper reach of Qinghe River. Considering the average water depth of 30-40 cm, the revised Surber net with the enlarged net was used to collect macroinvertebrate samples. At each sampling site, three replicates of macroinvertebrates were carefully collected for each type of macrophyte. Three replicates were sampled for the comparison at the imperviously concrete sections of each site. The community composition of the macroinvertebrate was determined by cluster analysis and ordination analysis. The density, biodiversity, and community stability were higher in the sampling sections with the replantation of macrophyte than in impervious concrete sections. The occurrence of intermediate tolerant taxa such as Ephemera sp., Caenis sinensis Gui, Ecnomus sp., and Hydropsyche sp. indicated the recovery and restoration of macroinvertebrates in Qinghe River. However, the differences in the community structure, density, taxa richness, biodiversity index, and the composition of functional feeding groups of macroinvertebrates among different types of submerged macrophyte were not identified. Unlike providing extra habitats for macroinvertebrates in the vertical direction in natural streams and lakes, the submerged macrophyte provided more stable benthic habitats in urban streams. The stem and leaf of macrophytes could adjust the hydraulics and continually absorb, fix, and accumulate the suspended solids in the sediment and water interface. The root systems could stabilize the microhabitat of the sediment for macroinvertebrates, benthic algae, and microorganisms. Those aquatic organisms played an important role in the decomposition, transformation, and mineralization of nutrients and organic matter in urban streams. Following the recovery of stabilized microhabitats, community restoration and secondary succession of macroinvertebrates could continually and slowly happen. This study improved the understanding of the ecological effects of macrophytes on the restoration of aquatic organisms and ecosystems in urban streams.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Aquatic organisms
Controlled terms:Aquatic ecosystems - Biodiversity - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Cluster analysis - Concretes - Nutrients - Organic compounds - Restoration - River pollution  - Rivers - Secondary recovery - Stream flow - Suspended sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological restoration - Macroinvertebrates - Microhabitats - Replantation - Urban stream
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 412  Concrete - 453  Water Pollution - 454  Environmental Engineering - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 511.1  Oil Field Production Operations - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Size 3.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 111>

Accession number:20183905856752
Title:Seasonal Difference in Water Quality Between Lake and Inflow/Outflow Rivers of Lake Taihu, China
Authors:Zha, Hui-Ming (1, 2); Zhu, Meng-Yuan (2); Zhu, Guang-Wei (2); Yang, Zhou-Sheng (1); Xu, Hai (2); Shen, Rui-Jie (2); Zhong, Chun-Ni (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241003, China; (2) Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Zhou-Sheng(yzhoushe@mail.ahnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1102-1112
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The seasonal and spatial variation of external nutrient loading from rivers and their impact on lake water quality were analyzed in Lake Taihu, China, using the monthly monitoring data from 16 major inflow/outflow rivers and 32 observation sites in the lake. The results showed: &#9312; The average monthly values of total nitrogen (TN), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in rivers were all higher than the corresponding areas in the lake. Significant positive correlations were found between nutrient concentrations in the inflow rivers and the corresponding areas in the lake, indicating the pronounced impact of external loading on lake water. &#9313; Remarkable seasonal variations of nutrient concentration were found both in the rivers and in the lake. The highest TN and TP concentrations in inflow rivers were 4.82 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (March) and 0.218 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (December), while the highest TN and TP concentrations in the lake were 4.13 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.255 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in July. &#9314; Extreme rainfall events could decrease the nutrient concentration in the rivers in the short-term, but finally would increase the external loading of nutrients, and indicated disadvantages for the restoration of Lake Taihu. Our study concluded that inflow pollution showed an obvious "shaping effect" on the seasonal and spatial distribution of water quality indicators in large and shallow lakes. Additionally, the self-purification ability of lakes, wind-induced accumulation and migration of algae, as well as the sediment resuspension under the prevailing winds in different seasons, all have vital effects on nutrient concentrations and their spatial-temporal variations.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Hydrodynamics - Lakes - Loading - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Rivers - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Algal blooms - External loading - Lake taihu - Nutrient concentrations - Positive correlations - Seasonal and spatial distributions - Sediment re suspensions - Spatial temporals
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 691.2  Materials Handling Methods - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.18e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.55e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.13e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.82e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707184

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 112>

Accession number:20183905856748
Title:Fate and Origin of Major Ions in River Water in the Lhasa River Basin, Tibet
Authors:Zhang, Qing-Hua (1, 2); Sun, Ping-An (2); He, Shi-Yi (2); Wen, Hua (3); Liu, Ming-Long (3); Yu, Shi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Lhasa Hydrologic Experiment Station, Lhasa; 851400, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Shi(yushi@karst.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1065-1075
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to understand the temporal and spatial variations of major ions in water and their sources in the Lhasa River Basin, water samples were collected monthly at the hydrological station in the Lhasa River from August 2014 to July. The results show that HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>is the dominant anion in the water of the Lhasa River, which accounts for 68.73% of the anions, followed by SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>. Ca<sup>2+</sup> is the dominant cation, which accounts for 67.75% of the cations, followed by Mg<sup>2+</sup>. The pH values of the river water range between 8.31 and 8.90, with a mean of 8.59 throughout the year, generally showing alkaline water. The highest pH values occur in summer, which is probably due to the photosynthesis of aquatic plants and the growth of phytoplankton. Electrical conductivity (EC) varies between 155.0 and 257.0 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean of 210.5 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>. Because of the frequent uplift of the Tibetan Plateau that enhanced the mechanical weathering of rocks and mineral dissolution, the total dissolved solid (TDS) concentration, at an average of 181.35 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, is significantly higher than the average value of rivers around the world. The Lhasa River is recharged by surface runoff, so the concentrations of major ions in water are higher during winter, but lower in summer. An ion source analysis indicates that Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> are mainly derived from chemical weathering of carbonate minerals, Cl<sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> are mainly affected by precipitation and rock weathering. Furthermore, the concentrations of major ions in the water have a negative correlation with the river discharge rate, which suggests there might be a dilution effect occurring during the rainy season.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Weathering
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Chemical analysis - Hydrochemistry - Ion sources - Minerals - Negative ions - pH - Positive ions - Precipitation (chemical) - Rivers  - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonate weathering - Electrical conductivity - Lhasa rivers - Mechanical weatherings - Negative correlation - Temporal and spatial variation - Tibet - Total dissolved solids
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 481.2  Geochemistry - 482.2  Minerals - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 932.1  High Energy Physics
Numerical data indexing:Electrical_Conductivity 1.55e-02S/m to 2.57e-02S/m, Electrical_Conductivity 2.11e-02S/m to 2.20e-01S/m, Mass_Density 1.81e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 6.78e+01%, Percentage 6.87e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706239

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 113>

Accession number:20183905856756
Title:Vertical Distribution of Fungal Community Composition and Water Quality During the Deep Reservoir Thermal Stratification
Authors:Shang, Pan-Lu (1); Chen, Sheng-Nan (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (1); Zhang, Hai-Han (1); Kang, Peng-Liang (1); Wang, Yue (1); Zhao, Zhen-Fang (1); Liu, Tong-Tong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Sheng-Nan(chenshengnan@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1141-1150
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Freshwater fungal community composition plays pivotal roles in sustaining the function and health of drinking water reservoir ecosystems. To investigate the vertical evaluative characteristics of an aquatic fungal community under conditions of stable thermal stratification, water samples were collected at 0.5, 10, 25, 40, 60 and 70 m depths of Jinpen Reservoir during thermal stratification. Fungal community composition was determined using a high-throughput DNA sequencing technique and combined with water quality parameters. The results showed that the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion water layers were formed in Jinpen Reservoir. The temperature decreased steadily from the surface at 22.33&#8451; to the bottom with 7.21&#8451; (P&lt;0.05). The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration decreased significantly from the surface to the bottom (P&lt;0.05). The conductivity and the concentration total phosphorus and iron increased significantly from the surface to the bottom (P&lt;0.05). The high-throughput DNA sequencing revealed a total of 1 247 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were affiliated with four phylum, 14 classes, and 39 genera, including Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Chytridiomycota. The highest Shannon diversity and Chao 1 were 3.45 and 360 at 60 m, respectively. The Shannon diversity and Chao 1 were significantly higher in the hypolimnion than in the metalimnion (P&lt;0.05). Rhodotorula (27.23%), Alternaria (24.28%),Cladosporium (22.98%), Alternaria (32.00%), Didymella (17.47%), and Cladosporium (28.17%) were the dominant species at 0.5 m, 10 m, 25 m, 40 m, 60 m, and 70 m, respectively. There are a number of unclassified fungi at different water depths. The heat map profile indicated significant differences in the vertical distribution of the fungal community composition in Jinpen Reservoir. A principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that water temperature, DO, TP, and conductivity had dramatic influences on the vertical distribution of the fungal community composition. The results provide new insights on the relationship between water quality and fungal community composition during reservoir thermal stratified periods.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Fungi
Controlled terms:Aquatic organisms - Biochemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - DNA sequences - Gene encoding - Potable water - Principal component analysis - Reservoirs (water) - Thermal stratification - Throughput  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Deep reservoirs - Dissolved oxygen concentrations - Fungal community - Fungal community compositions - High-throughput sequencing - Operational taxonomic units - Principle component analysis - Water quality parameters
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.75e+01%, Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 2.43e+01%, Percentage 2.72e+01%, Percentage 2.82e+01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%, Size 1.00e+01m, Size 2.50e+01m, Size 4.00e+01m, Size 5.00e-01m, Size 6.00e+01m, Size 7.00e+01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706291

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 114>

Accession number:20183905856837
Title:Source Analysis and Environmental Health Risk Assessment of VOCs in Furniture Manufacturing
Authors:Tong, Rui-Peng (1); Zhang, Lei (1); Yang, Xiao-Yi (1); Zhu, Xu-Bo (2); Ren, Chuan-Geng (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources &amp; Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (2) China Resources Land Limited, Shenzhen; 518001, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:672-683
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Regarding furniture manufacturing, scholars have only studied the sources of VOCs in the spraying process, yet the main concern is the release of VOCs after the completion of the manufacturing process and its impact on indoor air quality. Therefore, in this study, the sources of VOCs for the entire process of furniture manufacturing were explored and probabilistic risk models were improved. Then, the carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenic health risks to workers at nine workstations in a furniture factory were evaluated via a Monte Carlo simulation method, and the sensitivity of each exposure parameter was analyzed. The results are as follows. The various types of paints, diluents, and curing agents used in the process of spraying primer paint and spraying surface paint release VOCs, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, butanone, cyclohexanone, butyl acetate, and ethyl acetate. The glue used in the leather pasting process, the glue process, and the viscose process generates VOCs, such as dichloromethane and ethyl acetate, and the paint remover used in the cleaning process emits dichloromethane. The carcinogenic risk at each station was more than 10<sup>-6</sup>. For benzene exposure, the probability of exceeding 10<sup>-6</sup> was greater than 95% for all stations, excluding SWB, SWP, and CWP. The carcinogenicrisk of workers exposed to benzene was the highest at SWS, at 3.07&times;10<sup>-6</sup>&plusmn;1.73&times;10<sup>-6</sup>, and the carcinogenicrisk of workers exposed to dichloromethane was the greatest at SWL, with a value of 5.14&times;10<sup>-6</sup>&plusmn;2.70&times;10<sup>-6</sup>. The only non-carcinogenicrisk greater than 1 was to SWS workers. The parameters that had the greatest impact on the carcinogenic risk assessment were exposure day (ED), concentration (C), exposure time (ET), and exposure frequency (EF). In the non-carcinogenic risk assessment, the most influential variables were ED, ET, and EF. In addition, concentration also had a significant impact on the evaluation results.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Air quality - Benzene - Cleaning - Dichloromethane - Furniture manufacture - Glues - Gluing - Health risks - Indoor air pollution - Intelligent systems  - Ketones - Monte Carlo methods - Paint - Paint spraying - Solvents - Styrene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk assessments - Environmental health risk assessment - Exposure parameters - Furniture manufacturing - Manufacturing process - Monte Carlo simulation methods - Probabilistic risk - Source
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 461.7  Health Care - 723.4  Artificial Intelligence - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.1  Coating Techniques - 813.2  Coating Materials - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710114

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 115>

Accession number:20183905856850
Title:Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Output in Runoff and Rainfall Runoff in Lanlingxi Watershed, Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors:Zhang, Lin (1); Huang, Zhi-Lin (1, 2); Xiao, Wen-Fa (1); Zeng, Li-Xiong (1); Song, Wen-Mei (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing; 100091, China; (2) Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China; (3) Forestry Bureau of Zigui Country, Yichang; 443600, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Zhi-Lin(hzlin66@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:792-799
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The small watershed of an agroforestry system in the Lanlingxi watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was studied by performing continuous monitoring of nitrogen and phosphorus output and concentrations and analyzing the changes in the output of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff and its response to different rainfall conditions. The results showed that: &#9312;The total runoff loss was 50.92&times;10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>3</sup> in this watershed during the rainy season, with 52.43 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> lost by total nitrogen, including nitrate nitrogen (30.26 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) and particulate nitrogen (21.61 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), and 0.06 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> and 0.10 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>lost by ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus; &#9313;The distribution of rainfall has the characteristics of stage and strong rainfall during the wet season was the main driving force of soil nutrient output. Rainfall runoff contributed to 88% of total nitrogen loss and 90% of total phosphorus loss in the rainy season; &#9314;The main path of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the rainy season was the surface runoff caused by rainfall, accounting for 68% of total nitrogen loss and 74% of total phosphorus loss; &#9315;Nitrate nitrogen concentrations showed a negative correlation with rainfall runoff and the output was mainly distributed in the later runoff process. Ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations were positively correlated with rainfall and both were mainly distributed in the early stage of the runoff process; &#9316;The concentrations of total nitrogen in this watershed exceeded the standard values. The water quality in the rainfall and the non-rainfall period was worse than Grade &#8548;.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Forestry - Nitrates - Phosphorus - Rain - Reservoirs (water) - Runoff - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Continuous monitoring - Negative correlation - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Nitrogen and phosphorus loss - Non-point source pollution - Rainfall and runoffs - Returning farmland to forest - Three gorges reservoir area
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.80e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+01%, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706287

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 116>

Accession number:20183905856845
Title:Spatial Distribution, Sources and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of Longjiang River, Southern China
Authors:Lan, Xiao-Long (1, 2); Ning, Zeng-Ping (1); Xiao, Qing-Xiang (1, 2); Huang, Zheng-Yu (1, 2); Liu, Yi-Zhang (1); Xiao, Tang-Fu (1, 3); Zhao, Yan-Long (1, 4); Wu, Shi-Liang (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang; 550081, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (4) Water Resources Protection Bureau of Pearl River Water Resources Commission, Guangzhou; 510611, China 
Corresponding author:Ning, Zeng-Ping(ningzengping@mail.gyig.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:748-757
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the pollution status, possible sources, and bioavailability of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Sb, Zn, and Tl), 33 surface sediments were collected from Longjiang River, Southern China. The total concentrations and potential bioavailable concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed using ICP-MS. Enrichment factors (EFs), Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to further assess their pollution degree and potential sources. Results showed that the surface sediments of Longjiang River have been suffering heavy metal (As, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn) pollution to different degrees. The maximum concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn were 67.0, 7.42, 227, 229, and 807 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, while the Tl concentration were very low, with little variation. Moreover, the polluted sites were mostly located in the mid-lower of the main stem and in tributaries (Dongxioajiang and downstream of Dahuanjiang), and the pollution degree of the heavy metals, in a descending order, were Cd&gt;Sb&gt;Zn&gt;Pb&gt;As&gt;Tl. Pearson correlation analysis and PCA indicated that As, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn predominantly originated from anthropogenic inputs, including nonferrous metal mining and smelting, municipal sewage, and agricultural activities, and Tl mostly derived from natural rock weathering. The bioavailability of heavy metals in the sediments tended to be controlled by their sources. The percentages of bioavailable heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn) in the highly anthropogenic impacted areas (the mid-lower of the main stem and downstream of Dongxiaojiang tributary) were also high, with the average percentages of bioavailable As, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn of 26%, 51%, 49%, 38%, and 47%, respectively. High EF values and high bioavailable percentages of heavy metals easily and greatly cause high ecological risk of Longjiang River.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Biochemistry - Correlation methods - Elementary particle sources - Heavy metals - Lead smelting - Metal analysis - Principal component analysis - Rivers - Sewage - Spatial distribution  - Surficial sediments - Weathering - Zinc smelting
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural activities - Anthropogenic inputs - Bioavailability - Bioavailable concentrations - Enrichment factors - Maximum concentrations - Pearson correlation analysis - Potential sources
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 533.2  Metal Refining - 801.2  Biochemistry - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.60e+01%, Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.10e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705288

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 117>

Accession number:20183905856769
Title:Emission Inventory of Greenhouse Gas from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants and Its Temporal and Spatial Distribution in China
Authors:Yan, Xu (1); Qiu, De-Zhi (1); Guo, Dong-Li (1); Qi, Xing-Hao (1); Zheng, Shi-Kan (1); Cheng, Ke (1); Sun, Jian-Hui (1); Liu, Jian-Wei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (2) Research Center of Beijing Sustainable Urban Drainage System Construction and Risk Control Engineering Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing; 100044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1256-1263
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Urban wastewater treatment plants are considered important greenhouse gas resources with massive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>), methane (CH<inf>4</inf>), and nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) during operation. Based on the emission factor approach of pollutant reduction, the 2014 emission inventory of greenhouse gases (CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, and N<inf>2</inf>O) from urban wastewater treatment plants in China was established. In addition, the temporal and spatial distribution and influencing factors of greenhouse gas emissions were analyzed in this study. The results showed that total emissions of greenhouse gas from urban wastewater treatment plants in China was 7 348.60 Gg (CO<inf>2</inf>-eq) in 2014, which included CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions of 6 054.57 Gg, 27.47 Gg (769.08 Gg, CO<inf>2</inf>-eq), and 1.98 Gg (524.95 Gg, CO<inf>2</inf>-eq), respectively. The difference in greenhouse gas emissions among provinces was significant: high emissions appeared in the eastern areas of China, low emissions were observed in the northwest, and hardly any emissions were found in Xizang. From 2005 to 2014, annual greenhouse gas emissions from urban sewage treatment plants in China increased by 229.4%, and the rates of CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, and N<inf>2</inf>O increased by 217.9%, 217.9%, and 520.3%, respectively. The regional economic development level and number of wastewater treatment plants were correlated the most with the emissions of greenhouse gasses, and the per-capita protein supply was closely related with the N<inf>2</inf>O emission.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Economics - Energy resources - Gas emissions - Gas plants - Greenhouse gases - Nitrogen oxides - Petroleum deposits - Reclamation - Regional planning  - Sewage pumping plants - Sewage treatment plants - Spatial distribution - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Emission factors - Emission inventories - Regional economic development - Temporal and spatial distribution - Temporal distribution - Urban sewage treatment - Urban wastewater treatment plants - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:403.2  Regional Planning and Development - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 512.1  Petroleum Deposits - 522  Gas Fuels - 525.1  Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 971  Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.18e+02%, Percentage 2.29e+02%, Percentage 5.20e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 118>

Accession number:20183905856835
Title:Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban Drinking Water Distribution Systems
Authors:Xu, Mei-Jia (1, 2); Wang, Hai-Liang (1); Li, Chun-Mei (1); Xu, Xiong (1); Wang, Dong-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Dong-Hong(dhwang@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:655-662
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the urban drinking water distribution systems for two coastal cities (S City and L City) in China were analyzed. Health risk assessments of VOCs detected in tap water were performed, and the distribution characteristics of VOCs in the tap water pipe network were also investigated. Among 47 target VOCs, 16 compounds were detected, of which 11 were detected in both S City and L City. Halogenated hydrocarbons were the most commonly detected VOCs, with trihalomethanes (including bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform) having the highest detection frequencies (92%-100%). With the exception of bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane, the maximum concentrations of detected VOCs in both cities complied with the relevant limits regulated by the standards for drinking water quality (GB 5749-2006). For bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane, not only did their concentrations exceed the standard limits of GB 5749-2006 (60 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for bromodichloromethane and 100 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for dibromochloromethane), but their lifetime cancer risks (LCR) were estimated at unacceptable levels (&gt;10<sup>-4</sup>). Therefore, these two compounds should be given sufficient attention or be classified as priority control pollutants in municipal water supply networks. In addition, the spatial distribution of eight VOCs with high detection frequencies (&gt;90%) in the tap water pipe network of S City was investigated. The concentrations of VOCs (excluding toluene) in this urban drinking water distribution system gradually decreased with increasing distance from the drinking water treatment plant.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Gas chromatography - Health risks - Municipal engineering - Potable water - Risk assessment - Risk perception - Volatile organic compounds - Water pipelines - Water piping systems - Water pollution  - Water quality - Water supply - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Coastal cities - Detection frequency - Distribution characteristics - Halogenated hydrocarbons - Maximum concentrations - Municipal water supplies - Priority control - Tap water
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 444  Water Resources - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.20e+01% to 1.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703155

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 119>

Accession number:20183905856738
Title:Day-Night Differences and Source Apportionment of Inorganic Components of PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Summer-Winter in Changzhou City
Authors:Liu, Jia-Shu (1); Gu, Yuan (1); Ma, Shuai-Shuai (1); Su, Ya-Lan (1); Ye, Zhao-Lian (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou; 213001, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Ye, Zhao-Lian(bess_ye@jsut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:980-989
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the day-night variation characteristics of inorganic components in atmospheric aerosol, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were continuously collected for one month in Changzhou during summer and winter. Eleven water-soluble ions (WSIIs) and 13 metal elements were compared in terms of their day-night character and sources. The results indicated that the day time average PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration was higher than the night time, while the percentage of the total WSIIs in PM<inf>2.5</inf> during the night was higher. The total WSIIs fractions in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were higher in winter (44%-45%) compared to summer (31%-36%), with an opposite seasonal character for metal elements (winter day 3.03%, winter night 2.29%, summer day 4.40%, summer night 4.51%). SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, were the three main secondary ions, comprising 77%-85% of the total WSIIs, suggesting that air pollution in Changzhou exhibits complex pollution characteristics dominated by secondary processes. The day time SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>/WSIIs ratio (49.0%) was slightly higher than that of the night (41.1%) due to the photochemical reaction under stronger solar radiation, while the lower NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>(1.98 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>) in the day compared to the night (5.10 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>) was attributed to the decomposition of NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> during summer days. A good linear correlation among NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, accompanied by a ratio of predicted NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> to measured NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> near 1, illustrated that NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> ions mainly existed in the form of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf>, NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf>, and NH<inf>4</inf>Cl. It was concluded from the ion balance that PM<inf>2.5</inf> was weakly alkaline in summer but neutral in winter. Fe, Al, and Zn were the largest contributors to the total metal elements, with higher concentrations of Fe and Al and lower levels of Zn in the day time. A correlation coefficient analysis and principle component analysis revealed that inorganic components come from sources that include secondary aerosol formation, suspended dust, and vehicle emissions, but there is some seasonal variation and day-night differences.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Atmospheric aerosols - Ions - Nitrogen compounds - Photochemical reactions - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Changzhou - Day-night variation - Inorganic components - PM2.5 - Seasonal variation
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 741.1  Light/Optics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.10e+01% to 3.60e+01%, Percentage 4.11e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+00%, Percentage 4.40e+01% to 4.50e+01%, Percentage 4.51e+00%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 7.70e+01% to 8.50e+01%, Percentage 2.29e+00%, Percentage 3.03e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707141

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 120>

Accession number:20183905856848
Title:Effect of the Rainfall on Extinction of Cyanobacteria Bloom and Its Mechanism Analysis
Authors:Liu, Xin-Yuan (1); Song, Lin-Xu (1); Ji, Dao-Bin (1); Liu, De-Fu (2); Cui, Yu-Jie (1); Huang, Jia-Wei (1); Zhao, Chong (1); Tang, Yong-Chun (1); Ping, Ming-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Lin-Xu(280825327@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:774-782
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:There were three rainfall events with different intensity in the Xiangxi Bay (XXB) from May 24 to June 2 in 2016. The factors such as hydrodynamics, water temperature, optical properties, and chlorophyll a concentrations during the rainfall events were analyzed. During the May 27 moderate rain period, the upstream flow of the reservoir bay increased by 1.9 times and the average mixing layer depth in the whole reservoir increased 8.2 m, compared to those before the rainfall event. During the June 1 light rain period, the average mixing layer depth in the whole reservoir increased 1.6 m and the average chlorophyll concentration reduced 2.02 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, compared with those before the rainfall event. During the June 2 heavy rain period, the upstream flow of the reservoir bay increased by 4 times, the average mixing layer depth in the whole reservoir increased 7.9 m and the average chlorophyll concentration reduced 14.64 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, compared with those before the rainfall event. The algae moved from the upstream to the downstream with water that reduced the concentration of algae in the XXB. The water temperature stratification weakened during the rain event and the average mixing layer depth in the whole reservoir increased, destroying the algal growth environment. After the rainfall, under suitable light and temperature conditions for 2-3 d, the water temperature stratification of the reservoir was recovered and rapid growth and reproduction of algae occurred. As a result, the chlorophyll concentrations in the reservoir increased. Rainfall has a periodic inhibitory effect on the outbreak of algal blooms; however, it cannot fundamentally solve the problem of tribal bay blooms.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Rain
Controlled terms:Algae - Chlorophyll - Mixing - Optical properties - Reservoirs (water) - Rivers - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Bloom - Chlorophyll concentration - Chlorophyll-a concentration - Cyanobacteria - Cyanobacteria blooms - Temperature conditions - Three gorges reservoir - Xiangxi bays
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443.3  Precipitation - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.46e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.02e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Size 1.60e+00m, Size 7.90e+00m, Size 8.20e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708203

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 121>

Accession number:20183905856853
Title:Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Cu(Ⅱ) by Activated Carbon/Macromolecule Composite Hydrogel
Authors:Kong, Yan (1, 2); Zhuang, Yuan (1); Shi, Bao-You (1, 3); Han, Zhi-Yong (2); Hao, Hao-Tian (1, 4); Han, Kun (1, 2); Yu, Jian-Wei (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Zhuang, Yuan(yuanzhuang@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:819-827
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Activated carbon/alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite macromolecule hydrogels (CAP) were prepared as adsorbents to study their adsorption performance for methylene blue (MB) and Cu<sup>2+</sup> in aqueous solution. The effect of dosage, pH, temperature, contact time, and initial concentrations of MB and Cu<sup>2+</sup> on the adsorption process was investigated. SEM, FTIR, and BET analyses were conducted to identify the physicochemical properties of CAP. The results indicated that activated carbon was successfully loaded into the interconnected 3D porous network and CAP had rich -COOH and -OH groups. The surface area of the composite hydrogel was 112.7 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. With the dosage and temperature increase, the adsorbed amount of MB and Cu<sup>2+</sup> on CAP decreased, while with the increase in pH, the adsorbed amount increased. The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir equation and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of MB and Cu<sup>2+</sup> on CAP were 1 940.75 and 190.48 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The adsorption was a fast process and 90% of the maximum adsorption capacity could be reached in 5 h. The kinetic data were fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model reasonably well. CAP had excellent adsorption properties after five times of regeneration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Aromatic compounds - Dyes - Hydrogels - Macromolecules - Solutions
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Adsorption performance - Adsorption properties - Initial concentration - Methylene Blue - Monolayer adsorption - Physicochemical property - Pseudo-second-order kinetic models
Classification code:802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%, Specific_Surface_Area 1.13e+05m2/kg, Time 1.80e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707041

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 122>

Accession number:20183905856507
Title:Residue Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Rice from Shanghai
Authors:Meng, Yuan (1); Liu, Cui-Cui (1); Qiu, Yan-Ling (1); Zhou, Yi-Hui (1); Zhu, Zhi-Liang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environment Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:Qiu, Yan-Ling(ylqiu@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:927-934
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:As one of the main producers and consumers of pesticides in the world, China has historically used large quantities of organochlorine pesticides, such as DDT and HCH. Rice is a staple food crop in Shanghai, where the Qingpu and Chongming districts are two important rice planting areas. This study detected the residue levels of 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in rice samples collected from Qingpu and Chongming in Shanghai. The composition and health risk of OCPs in rice samples were investigated. The results revealed that DDTs and HCHs were the main OCPs in rice from the study area. The mean levels of 24 OCPs residues in rice from Qingpu and Chongming were 6.53 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 4.70 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The analyses of all the target compounds met the China National Food Safety Standard. The concentrations of 4,4-DDE and &beta;-HCH were the highest in rice from Qingpu, while 2,4-DDT and &beta;-HCH were the main components in rice from Chongming. Source analysis showed that dicofol and lindane might be still used recently in some areas of Shanghai. The health risk assessment results indicated that there was no obvious risk to human health by eating rice from Shanghai based on the OCPs studied.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Crops - Food safety - Health - Health risks - Pesticides
Uncontrolled terms:Organochlorine pesticides - Planting areas - Residue level - Rice - Risk to human health - Shanghai - Source analysis - Target compound
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706080

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 123>

Accession number:20183905856754
Title:Spatial Distributions of Transferable Nitrogen Forms and Influencing Factors in Sediments from Inflow Rivers in Different Lake Basins
Authors:Zhou, Rui (1, 2); Yuan, Xu-Yin (1, 2); Bawk, Marip Ja (1); Yu, Hui-Hui (1); Zhang, Qi (1); Tang, Dou-Dou (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Nanjing; 210098, China 
Corresponding author:Yuan, Xu-Yin(yxy_hjy@hhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1122-1128
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:It is necessary to investigate the distribution of nitrogen forms in river sediments to recognize the water environment quality. In this study, ion exchangeable form nitrogen(IEF-N), weak acid extractable form nitrogen (WAEF-N), strong alkali extractable form nitrogen (SAEF-N) and strong oxidation extractable form nitrogen (SOEF-N) in sediments were obtained by means of sequential extraction procedures.We analyzed the spatial variations of nitrogen forms in sediments from Taihu watershed (Dongtiaoxi River and Xitiaoxi River) and Hongzehu watershed (Anhe River and Suihe River), and expounded the influence factors of nitrogen form distribution. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of sediments from different watersheds varied in space. The concentrations of total nitrogen and nitrogen fractions also showed obvious changes in river sediments. As a whole, the concentrations of total nitrogen and transferable nitrogen in Taihu rivers were higher than those in Hongzehu rivers, but the former showed smaller spatial changes. Sediments from Taihu rivers showed the different concentration order of total nitrogen and transferable nitrogen comparing with those from Hongzehu rivers. The former followed the order of SOEF-N &gt;SAEF-N &gt;IEF-N &gt;WAEF-N, and the latter followed the order of SOEF-N &gt;SAEF-N &gt;WAEF-N &gt;IEF-N.The spatial varitions of transferable nitrogen fractions in Hongzehu rivers were prominent, which was associated with nitrogen sources. The spatial distributions of transferable nitrogen in sediments were obviously affected by their physicochemical properties, especially for organic matter and grain size.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Nitrogen - Rivers - Sediments - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Inflow rivers - Influencing factor - Nitrogen fraction - Nitrogen sources - Physicochemical property - Sequential extraction - Spatial variations - Water environments
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706234

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 124>

Accession number:20183905856755
Title:Effects of Hydrological and Meteorological Conditions on Diatom Proliferation in Reservoirs
Authors:Sun, Xiang (1, 2); Zhu, Guang-Wei (1); Da, Wen-Yi (3); Yu, Mao-Lei (3); Yang, Wen-Bin (2); Zhu, Meng-Yuan (1); Xu, Hai (1); Guo, Chao-Xuan (1); Yu, Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Science, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241003, China; (3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong; 637009, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Guang-Wei(gwzhu@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1129-1140
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The proliferation of diatoms is an ecological disaster that harms the water quality of many reservoirs in China. In order to reveal the driving factors of abnormal algal blooms in reservoirs, phytoplankton community structure and the associated environmental factors from 2009 to 2016 from Shahe Reservoir in Tianmuhu were analyzed. Results showed that diatoms and there dominant genus were predominately driven by temperature, and the relationship between hydrology and nutrition was insignificant. Distinct relationships were recorded between different diatom genera and temperature over the past eight years. The optimum growth temperature of diatoms and Synedra were both 27&#8451;, while that for Cyclotella and Achnanthes were both 19&#8451;. Low temperature was suitable for the growth of Melosira, and its growth was compromised with increasing temperature. In a multivariable statistical analysis of the dominant diatom genus and the associated environmental factors, we found that the dominant diatom genus responded differently to the associated environmental factors. The total biomass of the diatom and the biomass of Synedra and Achnanthes were significantly and positively correlated with rainfall (P&lt;0.05). The biomass of Cyclotella was significantly and positively correlated with total phosphorus, rainfall, and water level (P&lt;0.05) and significantly and negatively correlated with water exchange rate (P&lt;0.05). The biomass of Melosira was significantly and positively correlated with total phosphorus. The annual peak biomass of diatoms can be predicted by a multiple regression model with independent variables, including rainfall intensity, dissolved total phosphorus, and the accumulated temperature in winter and spring. Our results indicated that the proliferation of diatoms responds significantly to hydrological and meteorological factors while insignificantly to nitrogen and phosphorus loading. External load reduction is needed to maintain a good water quality in the reservoir. In addition, extreme weather conditions should be given attention to provide an early warning for diatom proliferation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Ecology
Controlled terms:Biomass - Phosphorus - Phytoplankton - Rain - Regression analysis - Reservoirs (water) - Temperature - Water levels - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulated temperatures - Diatom - Extreme weather conditions - Extreme weather events - Multi-variable statistical analysis - Multiple regression model - Optimum growth temperature - Proliferation
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443.3  Precipitation - 445.2  Water Analysis - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707267

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 125>

Accession number:20183905856778
Title:Characterization Composition of Soluble Microbial Products in an Aerobic Granular Sludge System
Authors:Yang, Dan (1); Liu, Dong-Fang (1); Du, Li-Qiong (1); Huang, Wen-Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Wen-Li(huangwenli@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1325-1332
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Using flocculent activated sludge as seed sludge to cultivate aerobic granular sludge in a SBR, the main objective of this study was focused on the accumulation, relative molecular mass distribution, and composition of soluble microbial products (SMP) in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system. SMP were predominant (71-85 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) in the effluent of the AGS system. The formation of SMP was related to substrate utilization, biomass decay, and EPS hydrolysis. A relative molecular mass distribution analysis indicated that the majority of SMP, accounting for about 54.8%-71.7%, had M<inf>r</inf>&lt;3&times;10<sup>3</sup>; whereas, the M<inf>r</inf>&gt;100&times;10<sup>3</sup> formed a small fraction, constituting only 9.3%-14.5%. Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectra (3D-EEM) identified four peaks in SMP, belonging to aromatic protein-like, tryptophan protein-like, humic acid-like, and fulvic acid-like substances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that esters (39.0%), short chain alkanes (14.9%), alkenes (11.7%), and alcohols (7.6%) were the main compounds in SMP. Most notably, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, as one kind of ester, accounted for 32% of the identified SMP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Gas chromatography
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Effluents - Esters - Granular materials - Mass spectrometry - Molecular mass - Proteins - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic granular sludges - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Phthalates - Relative molecular mass - Soluble microbial products
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.10e-02kg/m3 to 8.50e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 1.49e+01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 5.48e+01% to 7.17e+01%, Percentage 7.60e+00%, Percentage 9.30e+00% to 1.45e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707046

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 126>

Accession number:20183905856770
Title:Start-up and Operation of Biofilter Coupled Nitrification and CANON for the Removal of Iron, Manganese and Ammonia Nitrogen
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Cao, Rui-Hua (1); Yang, Hang (2); Wang, Yan-Ju (1); L&uuml;, Sai-Sai (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1264-1271
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pilot-scale bio-filter coupled nitrification and CANON was started up to remove iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen from groundwater in a plant, and the main removal route of ammonia nitrogen was analyzed. The experiment showed that the bio-filter could be started up successfully and achieved stable operation after 164 days of culture development. The value of &Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N/&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was 1.49, and the oxidation and removal of Fe(&#8545;), Mn(&#8545;), and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were (9.87&plusmn;1.17) (2.25&plusmn;0.06), and (1.51&plusmn;0.06) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The calculation based on the quantitative relationship between nitrogen conservation and dissolved oxygen (DO) measurement indicated that the contribution of CANON to NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N removal was 33.48%-38.87%, and the average ratio of ammonia nitrogen removal amount to DO was 1:3.79-1:3.94. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen was lower with lower temperature.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Dissolved oxygen - Groundwater - Iron - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen - Ammonia nitrogen removal - CANON - Lower temperatures - N removal - Pilot scale - Removal ratios - Stable operation
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.49e-01yr, Percentage 3.35e+01% to 3.89e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708020

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 127>

Accession number:20183905856814
Title:VOCs Emission from Motor Vehicles in China and Its Impact on the Atmospheric Environment
Authors:Chen, Tian-Zeng (1, 2); Ge, Yan-Li (1, 2); Liu, Yong-Chun (1, 2, 3); He, Hong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Yong-Chun(ycliu@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:478-492
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important precursors of O<inf>3</inf> and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In order to fully understand the impacts of VOCs from motor vehicles on urban air quality, the current state-of-the-art research results on source apportionment are systematically introduced. The contribution of VOCs from motor vehicles to secondary pollutants in China is further discussed. It was found that motor vehicle exhaust is the largest source of urban atmospheric VOCs, and the average contribution ratio is up to 36.8%, wherein motorcycles and light gasoline vehicles are the main emission sources. The results showed that VOCs from vehicles play an important role in O<inf>3</inf> and SOA formation in urban areas, whereas with the improvement of emission standards and operating conditions, the motor vehicle emission factors and ozone formation potentials (OFPs) are obviously reduced. Moreover, the composition profile of the exhaust is mainly composed of aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes, which contribute more to secondary pollution. This work can aid in providing data and theoretical support for the control of VOCs from motor vehicles in the future.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:138
Main heading:Vehicles
Controlled terms:Air quality - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric environment - Emission characteristics - Motor vehicle - Motor vehicle emissions - Ozone formation potentials - Secondary organic aerosols - Secondary pollutants - Source apportionment
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.68e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705129

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 128>

Accession number:20183905856741
Title:Ecological and Health Risks of Trace Heavy Metals in Atmospheric PM<inf>2.5</inf> Collected in Wuxiang Town, Shanxi Province
Authors:Guo, Zhao-Xia (1, 2); Geng, Hong (1); Zhang, Jin-Hong (3); Zhou, Huan (1); Peng, Yan (2); Zhai, Shuai-Ying (2); Li, Jin-Lei (2); Chen, Yu-Shan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) College of Environmental &amp; Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (3) Environmental Protection Agency of Wuxiang County, Wuxiang; Shanxi Province; 046300, China 
Corresponding author:Geng, Hong(genghong@sxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1004-1013
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The pollution of atmospheric PM<inf>2.5</inf> and ambient air quality were investigated in Wuxiang Town, Shanxi Province, China, and the ecological and health risks of the trace heavy metals in PM<inf>2.5</inf>were analyzed. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected every day using a medium-volume PM<inf>2.5</inf> sampler in autumn (from Oct. 22 to Nov. 19, 2014) and in winter (from Jan. 12 to Feb. 13, 2015) on the roof of a building at the Wuxiang Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> were determined gravimetrically, and the contents of seven trace heavy metals (i. e., As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were obtained using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The pollution extent, sources, and potential ecological and health risks of the trace heavy metals in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were identified and assessed using the geo-accumulation index, ecological risk index, a correlation and principle component analysis, and the exposure risk models of US EPA. Results showed that the average concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in winter, approximately three times higher than that in autumn, exceeded the national secondary standard of ambient air quality (GB 3095-2012) on 65% of the sampling days. The heavy metals in PM<inf>2.5</inf> mainly originated from anthropogenic activities, with contributions of 58.38% and 18.73% from coal combustion and vehicular emission, respectively. In general, the levels of the heavy metals in PM<inf>2.5</inf> followed the order of Cu&gt;Zn&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;As&gt;Ni&gt;Cd, with higher ecological risks from Cd and Cu and higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from Cr compared with other metals. It is suggested that greater coal combustion in winter under the adverse geographical conditions for air diffusion in Wuxiang Town were responsible for the increased atmospheric PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration and their ecological and health risks in heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Air pollution control - Air quality - Atomic emission spectroscopy - Coal combustion - Environmental Protection Agency - Health - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment  - Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic activity - Ecological risks - Geographical conditions - Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry - National secondary standard - Principle component analysis - Trace heavy metals - Wuxiang Town
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 932.3  Plasma Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.87e+01%, Percentage 5.84e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706011

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 129>

Accession number:20183905856771
Title:Analysis of CANON Process Start-up with Fiber Carrier
Authors:Gu, Cheng-Wei (1, 2); Chen, Fang-Min (1, 2); Li, Xiang (1, 2); Huang, Yong (1, 2); You, Xing-Yi (1, 2); Jin, Run (1, 2); Zhang, Weng-Jing (1, 2); Dong, Shi-Yu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiang(lixiang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1272-1277
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A CANON reactor with fiber carrier was started up by seeding nitrification sludge and ANAMMOX sludge to study the operating characteristics of a fiber carrier. The results showed that total nitrogen removal load rose from 0.09 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.9 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and remained steady in the 85th day. This indicated that fiber carrier is beneficial to the accumulation of sludge, and the reactor can maintain a higher biomass. The DO in the reactor reached 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> with the enrichment of microorganisms, biofilm thickening, and the improvement of the reactor's ability. The DO gradient of the biofilm from the outside to the inside was 0.32-0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which could be obtained by a microelectrode. It was shown that the permeability of oxygen to the biofilm decreased, and the amount of nitrifying microorganisms decreased with biofilm thickening. The quantitative PCR results showed that the abundance of ANAMMOX was an order of magnitude more than before. The abundance of AOB increased slightly, while the abundance of NOB stayed at a relatively low level.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Fibers
Controlled terms:Biofilms - Microelectrodes - Microorganisms - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Polymerase chain reaction - Reactor startup - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:ANAMMOX - Nitrosation - Operating characteristics - Quantitative PCR - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9  Biology - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 621  Nuclear Reactors - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.20e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708092

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 130>

Accession number:20183905856761
Title:Removal of Organic Matter from Water by Chemical Preoxidation Coupled with Biogenic Manganese Oxidation
Authors:Jian, Zhi-Yu (1, 2); Chang, Yang-Yang (2); Wang, Li-Xin (1); Liang, Jin-Song (2); Bai, Yao-Hui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot; 010021, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Bai, Yao-Hui(yhbai@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1188-1194
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In the process of drinking water treatment, potassium permanganate and iron-manganese oxides are typical pre-oxidation methods that can not only effectively remove organic matters in drinking water, but also reduce the production of disinfection by-products (DBPs). However these two pre-oxidation methods will produce Mn<sup>2+</sup> that is genotoxic. In order to solve this problem, a concept was proposed to connect biogenic-manganese oxidation technology after chemical oxidation. The manganese-oxidizing microbe may convert Mn<sup>2+</sup> into the bio-manganese oxide, which can further remove the pollutants by its strong oxidative and adsorption capacity to improve water purification. In the simulated contaminated water composed of natural organic tyrosine (Tyr) and synthetic organic 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxybenzophenone-5-Sulfonic Acid (BP-4), we verified the proposed the concept. Pre-oxidation by potassium permanganate or iron-manganese oxides efficiently removed Tyr, but had negligible effect on BP-4. During this, Mn<sup>2+</sup> was generated. In the subsequent biological system, the manganese-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. QJX-1 could utilize the Tyr for growth and oxidize Mn<sup>2+</sup> to Mn<sup>4+</sup> oxide. The generated manganese oxides could then effectively remove BP-4. In comparison, the moderate potassium permanganate preoxidation coupled with bio-manganese oxidation had a desirable treatment effect, with 100%, 50%, and 98.9% removals for Tyr, BP-4, and Mn<sup>2+</sup>, respectively. Importantly, the study provides a new method for drinking water treatment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Bacteria - Biogeochemistry - Iron oxides - Manganese oxide - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Organic compounds - Oxidation - Potable water - Potash  - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Biogenic manganese - BP-4 - Disinfection byproducts - Manganese oxidizing bacteria - Peroxidation - Potassium permanganate - Pseudomonas sp
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 453  Water Pollution - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 9.89e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707103

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 131>

Accession number:20183905856775
Title:Start-Up and Regional Characteristics of a Pilot-scale Integrated PN-ANAMMOX Reactor
Authors:Zhou, Zheng (1, 2); Wang, Fan (1, 2); Lin, Xing (1, 2); Dong, Shi-Yu (1, 2); Zhu, Qiang (1, 2); Li, Xiang (1, 2); Huang, Yong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiang(lixiang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1301-1308
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The start-up and regional characteristics of a pilot scale integrated PN-ANAMMOX reactor was studied. The results show that inoculated nitrosation suspension filler in the anaerobic zone, ANAMMOX sludge, and common anaerobic sludge in the anaerobic zone can start the reactor quickly. The PN-ANAMMOX reactor was successfully started at 74 days. The removal rate of total nitrogen increased from 0.02 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.48 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The analysis of the nitrogen conversion characteristics in two regions showed that the AOB had been in a dominant position in the aerobic zone, and the NOB was inhibited by DO and the matrix, NPR<inf>a</inf> increased from 0.22 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.58 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, and NAP<inf>a</inf> could reach 95% with the increase in anaerobic denitrification capacity. The anaerobic zone was a critical region of the integrated PN-ANAMMOX reactor, and NRR<inf>ana</inf> increased from 0.02 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 4.7 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. During the start-up period (temperature decreased from 32&#8451; to 27&#8451;), the changes first affected the anaerobic zone, NRR<inf>ana</inf> decreased to 3.7 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> (about 21%), with little effect on the aerobic zone. The two regions can achieve a large ANAMMOX bacteria enrichment, as, during this time, the aerobic zone also has a certain denitrification capacity, while the anaerobic zone featured enhanced denitrification.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Denitrification - Nitrogen - Process control - Reactor startup - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic sludge - ANAMMOX - Anammox bacteria - Denitrification capacity - Nitrogen conversion - Partial nitrification - Pilot scale - Regional characteristics
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 621  Nuclear Reactors - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.03e-01yr, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707191

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 132>

Accession number:20183905856774
Title:Effect of Organic Carbon Source on Start-up and Operation of the CANON Granular Sludge Process
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Wang, Yan-Ju (1); L&uuml;, Yu-Feng (1); Cao, Rui-Hua (1); Li, Shuai (2); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1294-1300
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of organic carbon on the start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process was investigated in two SBR reactors with different strategies: gradually increased organic carbon concentration (R1) and without organic carbon (R2). The results showed that adding 50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> organic carbon accelerated the start-up of the CANON granular sludge process. R1 and R2 were started up in 23 d and 32 d, respectively. Moreover, the appropriate organic carbon enhanced the activity of AOB, AnAOB, and denitrification, increasing the ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R1 were 92% and 88%, respectively. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R2 were 89% and 80%, respectively. Further tests showed that excessive organic carbon concentration decreased the activity of AOB and AnAOB and reduced the removal efficiency of ammonia and total nitrogen. Adding organic carbon promoted denitrification activity and increased nitrogen removal efficiency.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Denitrification - Efficiency - Granular materials - Nitrogen removal
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia concentrations - Ammonia removal - CANON - Carbon concentrations - Granular sludge - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Removal efficiencies - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707133

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 133>

Accession number:20183905856767
Title:Groundwater Arsenic and Silicate Adsorption on TiO<inf>2</inf> and the Regeneration of TiO<inf>2</inf>
Authors:Ma, Wen-Jing (1); Yan, Li (2, 3); Zhang, Jian-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture &amp; Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Jian-Feng(zhangjianfeng@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1241-1247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Titanium dioxide (TiO<inf>2</inf>) was widely used to remove arsenic (As) from groundwater due to its excellent properties. Previous studies show that the coexisting silicate ions (Si) could occupy the available surface sites of TiO<inf>2</inf> and further inhibit As adsorption and TiO<inf>2</inf> regeneration. To investigate the effect of Si adsorption on the As molecular surface structure, an extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis was conducted in this work. The results indicated that the presence of Si exhibited no impact on the As adsorption configuration on TiO<inf>2</inf>. In situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy results demonstrated that the polymerization of Si that formed on the TiO<inf>2</inf> surface compete with As adsorption sites, increasing the difficulty for TiO<inf>2</inf> regeneration. To effectively regenerate TiO<inf>2</inf>, the removal efficiency of Si polymers on TiO<inf>2</inf> via sodium fluoride (NaF) was studied. The results showed that NaF could remove Si monomer and polymer from TiO<inf>2</inf>, and the regenerated TiO<inf>2</inf> could be reused with a stable adsorption performance. In situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy suggested that NaF desorbed the Si monomer and polymer effectively. When spent TiO<inf>2</inf> was regenerated with NaOH and NaF in three treatment cycles, As and Si desorption rates were 86.8%-100.3% and 67.9%-82.0%, respectively. The present study provides a new insight into regenerating absorbents with coadsorbed As and Si in groundwater.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Silicon
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Desorption - Extended X ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Groundwater - Monomers - Oxides - Silicates - Sodium Fluoride  - Sodium hydroxide - Supersaturation - Titanium dioxide - X ray absorption
Uncontrolled terms:ATR FT-IR spectroscopies - Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared - Extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis - Molecular levels - Molecular surfaces - Regeneration and reuse - Removal efficiencies - Titanium dioxides (TiO2)
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 711  Electromagnetic Waves - 801  Chemistry - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.79e+01% to 8.20e+01%, Percentage 8.68e+01% to 1.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706112

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 134>

Accession number:20183905856856
Title:Ozonation Characteristics of Low Coagulability Organic Matter from the Secondary Effluent of WWTPs
Authors:Hou, Rui (1); Jin, Xin (1); Jin, Peng-Kang (1); Gou, Bang-Yao (2); Wang, Xiao-Chang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Xi'an Lingbo Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Xi'an; 710100, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, Peng-Kang(pkjin@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:844-851
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ozonation on the removal of organic matter with low coagulability from municipal secondary effluent. The results revealed that the removal efficiency of coagulation generally remained quite low. The residual organic matter belonged to low coagulability organic matter. The presence of the ozone increased the removal efficiency of color and UV<inf>254</inf> gradually for low coagulability organic matter, whereas DOC had no noticeable change; the efficiencies were 45%, 34%, and 20%, respectively, at a dosage (denoted as O<inf>3</inf>/DOC) of 1.5 mg&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup>. It could be concluded that ozone easily reacted with unsaturated organic matter, and the mineralization of organic matter was less effective. In order to further define the variation in organic matter of the secondary effluent, the differences between the relative molecular weight distribution and fluorescence characteristics of coagulation and ozonation with different zone dosages were monitored in this study. The findings showed that coagulation had little effect on organic content. Nonetheless, ozone might have preferentially reacted with high-molecular-weight substances of organic matter with low coagulability and reduced the fluorescence intensity in the humic-like regions significantly. The shift of fluorescence peak was not changed by ozonation. In addition, via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, it was identified that coagulation could remove carboxylic organic matter. On the other hand, with the increasing ozone dosage (from 0 to 1.5 mg&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup>), ozone could preferentially react with low coagulability organic matter with aromatic structure, thus the amount of aliphatics increased gradually.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Coagulation - Efficiency - Fluorescence - Molecular weight distribution - Organic compounds - Ozone - Ozonization - Photoelectrons  - Photons - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Aromatic structures - Fluorescence characteristics - Fluorescence intensities - High molecular weight - Municipal secondary effluents - Removal efficiencies - Secondary effluent - Three-dimensional fluorescences
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01%, Percentage 4.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706076

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 135>

Accession number:20183905856816
Title:Source Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Nanjing Industrial Area and Evaluation of Their Contribution to Ozone
Authors:Zhang, Yu-Xin (1); An, Jun-Lin (1); Wang, Jun-Xiu (1); Shi, Yuan-Zhe (1); Liu, Jing-Da (1); Liang, Jing-Shu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:An, Jun-Lin(junlinan@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:502-510
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were continuously measured during the high ozone (O<inf>3</inf>) periods from May 1 to May 31 and June 1 to July 16, 2015 at an industrial area in the north suburb of Nanjing. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and an observation-based model (OBM) were combined for the first time to investigate the contributions of VOC sources and species to local photochemical O<inf>3</inf> formation. The average VOC concentrations in 2014 and 2015 were (36.47&plusmn;33.44)&times;10<sup>-9</sup> and (34.69&plusmn;34.08)&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, respectively. The VOC sources identified by the PMF model for 2014 and 2015 belonged to 7 source categories, including vehicular emissions, liquefied petroleum gas usage, biogenic emissions, furniture manufacturing industry, chemical industry, chemical coating industry, and chemical materials industry emission sources. The OBM was modified to assess the O<inf>3</inf> precursors' relationships. Generally, photochemical O<inf>3</inf> production was VOC limited, with positive relative incremental reactivity (RIR) values for VOC species and a negative RIR value for NO. It can be seen that alkenes (1.20-1.79) and aromatics (1.42-1.48) presented higher RIR values and controlling O<inf>3</inf> would be the most effective when the VOC emissions from alkenes were reduced by 80%. Vehicle emissions (1.01-1.11), LPG (0.74-0.82), biogenic emissions (0.34-0.42), and furniture manufacturing industry (0.32-0.49) sources were the top four VOC sources making significant contributions to photochemical O<inf>3</inf> formation, which suggests that controlling vehicle emissions, biogenic emissions, LPG, and furniture manufacturing industry sources should be the most effective strategy to reduce photochemical O<inf>3</inf> formation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Chemical industry - Factorization - Furniture manufacture - Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbons - Liquefied petroleum gas - Ozone - Petroleum industry - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical materials - Controlling vehicles - Furniture manufacturing - Observation-based model - Positive matrix factorization models - Relative incremental reactivity (RIR) - Source apportionment - Vehicular emission
Classification code:523  Liquid Fuels - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 805  Chemical Engineering, General - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706216

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 136>

Accession number:20183905856762
Title:Treating Simulated Dye Wastewater by an In Situ Copper Ferrite Process
Authors:Han, Zhi-Yong (1); Han, Kun (1); Hao, Hao-Tian (2, 3); Yu, Jian-Wei (2, 4); Shi, Bao-You (2, 4); Zhuang, Yuan (2); Kong, Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Bao-You(byshi@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1195-1201
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Four types of simulated dye wastewater containing methylene blue, tartrazine, Congo red, and crystal violet were treated by an in situ copper ferrite process, and the influencing factors of the operational parameters in this process were studied. The main mechanism of dye removal was suggested by reaction thermodynamics and solid products characterization for methylene blue removal. The results showed that an in situ copper ferrite process could effectively remove four kinds of simulated dyes by adjusting reaction conditions appropriately. The maximum capacities of the in situ copper ferrite process for methylene blue, crystal violet, tartrazine, and Congo red were 349.2, 382.2, 402.5 and 831.8 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, under reaction condition of c(Cu<sup>2+</sup>) of 0.01 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, c(Fe<sup>2+</sup>) of 0.025 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, c(OH)/c(M)=1.7 (hydroxyl and metal molar ratio), reaction temperature of 40&#8451;, and reaction time of 60 min. Comprehensive physical interactions, including a sweeping effect, encapsulation, and high active surface adsorption of the in situ Fe-Cu precipitates were the dominant mechanisms in dye removal by the process. Copper ferrite, as an effective magnetic adsorbent and a highly efficient environmental catalyst, was regenerated by magnetic separation, catalytic oxidation, and high temperature calcination.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Ferrite
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Aromatic compounds - Azo dyes - Binary alloys - Catalytic oxidation - Copper - Copper alloys - Dyes - Iron alloys - Magnetic materials  - Magnetic separation - Recycling - Thermodynamics - Wastewater reclamation - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Copper ferrites - Dyes wastewaters - High-temperature calcination - Operational parameters - Physical interactions - Reaction conditions - Reaction temperature - Reaction thermodynamics
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 531.2  Metallography - 544.1  Copper - 544.2  Copper Alloys - 545.2  Iron Alloys - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 708.4  Magnetic Materials - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 1.00e+01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.50e+01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Time 3.60e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706099

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 137>

Accession number:20183905856844
Title:Temporal-spatial Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Dissolved Heavy Metals in Chaohu Lake
Authors:Wu, Lei (1, 2); Liu, Gui-Jian (1); Zhou, Chun-Cai (1); Liu, Rong-Qiong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; 230026, China; (2) Anhui Academy of Environmental Science and Research, Hefei; 230022, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Gui-Jian(lgj@ustc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:738-747
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Surface water samples were collected in different seasons from Chaohu Lake to determine the concentrations and potential environmental impacts of nine dissolved heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Co). The concentrations of the selected heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES, ICAP6000 series). The single pollution index method and integrated pollution index method were used to evaluate the potential environmental impacts. The results indicated that the contents of dissolved As, Cd, Pb, and Cr in Chaohu Lake were lower than the limitations of Grade&#8544;of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002), while Cu and Zn were within the limitations of Grade&#8544;-&#8545; and Hg was within the limitations of Grade&#8544;- &#8546;. The contents of Ni and Co were far below the limitations. The concentrations of the selected heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Co) varied among seasons and areas. Elevated concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Ni were found in summer, while elevated contents of Pb, Cr, and Co were found in autumn, autumn, and spring, respectively. Trace elements in the western part of Chaohu Lake (especially in the northwestern part) were higher than those in the middle and eastern parts for autumn, winter, and summer. Significant positive correlations were found among Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni in the surface water, suggesting that these elements may derive from similar sources. The values of both the single factor pollution index and integrated pollution index of the selected elements in the surface water were far less than 1, suggesting that the environmental impacts could be regarded as negligible. The integrated pollution indices in the western part of the lake were higher than those of the middle and eastern parts on a one-year timescale, and the integrated pollution indices in each lake area followed a pattern of wet season (summer)&gt;normal season (spring and autumn)&gt;dry season (winter).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Lake pollution
Controlled terms:Dissolution - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma - Lakes - Optical emission spectroscopy - River pollution - Spatial distribution - Spectrometry - Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms:Chaohu lakes - Dissolved heavy meals - Elevated concentrations - Environmental quality standards - Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry - Integrated pollution indices - Pollution assessment - Temporal spatial distribution
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 921  Mathematics - 932.3  Plasma Physics - 941.4  Optical Variables Measurements
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703099

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 138>

Accession number:20183905856824
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs Fugitively Emitted from Typical Brewers
Authors:Gao, Zhan-Qi (1); Hu, Guan-Jiu (1); Wang, Hui (1); Zhu, Bing-Qing (1); Chen, Shu-Lan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Environment Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210036, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Guan-Jiu(hgj@jshb.gov.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:567-575
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Food processing plants are an important industrial source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Research on the unorganized emissions of VOCs to the surrounding environment from food processing plants is still quite scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration characteristics, odor pollution, and health risk of the VOCs fugitively emitted from the brewing industry. The concentration characteristics of VOCs fugitively emitted from a typical vinegar factory and a typical distillery were detected via portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The thresholds of the diluted multiple and sensory methods were also used for analyzing the VOCs. In addition, the assessment of health risk was conducted according to the US EPA evaluation model. The results show that the concentrations of the total VOCs emitted from the vinegar factory and the distillery were 0.968 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 0.293 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Ethyl acetate and acetic acid were the main VOCs in the atmosphere of the vinegar plant, accounting for 76.3% and 13.5% of the total VOCs, respectively. The VOCs of the distillery were mainly characterized by ethanol and ethyl acetate, which accounted for 56.3% and 30.4% of the total VOCs, respectively. Oxygen-containing VOCs were the most important component of the studied brewing industry source. The total odor indices of the VOCs emitted from the vinegar factory and the distillery were both higher than 1, which indicates that their unorganized emission of VOCs have odor pollution to the atmosphere. The odor concentrations of the vinegar factory and the distillery were also higher than the standard limit of malodorous pollutants. The results of the health risk assessment show that the carcinogenic risk indices of VOCs were 2.45&times;10<sup>-6</sup> and 5.25&times;10<sup>-6</sup>, respectively, which exceeded the suggested risk value by the EPA but were lower than the OSHA and ICRP values.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Distilleries - Fermentation - Food processing - Gas chromatography - Health - Health risks - Industrial plants - Mass spectrometry - Pollution  - Processed foods - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk - Evaluation modeling - Food processing plants - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Industrial sources - Odor concentrations - Odor pollution - Surrounding environment
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 822  Food Technology - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.35e+01%, Percentage 3.04e+01%, Percentage 5.63e+01%, Percentage 7.63e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705066

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 139>

Accession number:20183905856742
Title:Characteristics of Particulate and Inorganic Elements of Motor Vehicles Based on a Tunnel Environment
Authors:Li, Feng-Hua (1); Zhang, Yan-Jie (1); Zhang, Jing (1); Yuan, Yuan (1); Wu, Lin (1); Mao, Hong-Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Centre for Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300071, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Lin(dr.wu@msn.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1014-1022
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Respirable particulate matter(PM<inf>2.5</inf>)samples were collected at different locations (inside and outside the tunnel) at the Zhang Zizhong Tunnel in Tianjin in September 2015. Seventeen inorganic elements were measured, and the sources were analyzed by the PCA receptor model. The results show that the daily average concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> inside and outside the tunnel is (94.79&plusmn;62.78) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (83.92&plusmn;61.60) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The concentration during the working day is higher than on a non-working day, and, to a certain extent, PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration in the tunnel during peak periods is correlated with the vehicle flow, which indicates that PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration is affected by motor vehicle pollution seriously. In the tunnel, the concentrations of Si, Fe, Al, Ca, and Mg are higher, the mass fraction reach 98.48% of all analyzed elements and these elements are less affected by vehicles. Fe and trace heavy metals (Zn, Cu, and Pb) are related closely to motor vehicle pollution. From the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, there are significant differences in Ba, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, and Sb inside and outside the tunnel. Enrichment factors inside and outside the tunnel show that the enrichment factor ratios of Co, Mn, Cr, Ca, Mg, Ba, Fe, Mo, and V are less than 5, which are mainly from the crust. In addition, the enrichment factor ratios of Cu, Zn, Pb, Sn, Sb, and Cd are greater than 5, which are affected largely by anthropogenic sources. The factor analysis indicates that the main pollution sources in the tunnel are the mixed sources of wear and the combustion of fuel, the dust, and the combustion of diesel vehicles. In addition, in order to analyze the source of motor vehicle pollution further, a factor analysis indicates that the main pollution sources are tire wear and exhaust emission, brake wear and exhaust emissions, and diesel emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Combustion - Factor analysis - Fuels - Heavy metals - Multivariant analysis - Trace elements - Tunnels - Vehicles - Wear of materials
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic sources - Average concentration - Enrichment factors - Inorganic elements - Respirable particulate matters - Tianjin - Tunnel environments - Wilcoxon signed rank test
Classification code:401.2  Tunnels and Tunneling - 451  Air Pollution - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.85e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706226

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 140>

Accession number:20183905856830
Title:VOCs Emission Inventory of Service Stations in a Subcenter (Tongzhou District) of the City of Beijing
Authors:Huang, Yu-Hu (1, 2); Hu, Wei (2); Li, Bei-Bei (3); Ji, Xuan (4); Xiao, Yu (5); Ren, Bi-Qi (2); Qin, Jian-Ping (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300072, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Control Technology and Applications, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (3) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (4) Beijing Tongzhou District Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing; 101100, China; (5) Beijing Vehicle Emission Management Centre, Beijing; 100176, China 
Corresponding author:Ren, Bi-Qi(renbiqi89@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:618-625
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:As a subcenter of the city of Beijing, Tongzhou District is faced with enormous pressure from the rapid growth of VOCs emissions from service stations. In this study, a set of bottom-up VOCs inventory estimation methods for service stations in Tongzhou District is established. Using local VOCs emission factors of service stations in Beijing, combined with gasoline and diesel sales from every service station, a high resolution VOCs emission inventory of service stations in Tongzhou District from 2015 to 2022 was established. The results showed the following. &#9312;An online monitoring system (OMS) based on unloading, refueling, and tank pressure vapor emission control measures can reduce the VOCs emission factor from 190 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 115 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and when the percent onboard refueling vapor recovery system (ORVR) Penetration reaches to about 50%, the emission factors can be reduced to 131 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 96 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The VOCs emission factor (13 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) of diesel from the service station is 0.8% of the uncontrolled emission factor (1 552 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) of gasoline. &#9313;The amount of VOCs emissions from service stations in Tongzhou District was 97.8 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> in 2015, and the emissions of gasoline and diesel were 96.2 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> and 1.6 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, accounting for 98.4% and 1.6%. The emissions were mainly concentrated in the area surrounding the new Beijing Municipal Government site. &#9314;After implementation of the vapor recovery requirements of "Beijing's Clean Air Action Plan from 2013-2017," considering the increase in oil sales from 2017 to 2022, VOCs emissions of gasoline and diesel from service stations will decrease by 9% and 6%, respectively, compared to those of 2015 in Tongzhou District. Assuming that the OMS will also be installed at 28 (2 000-5 000) t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> service stations by the end of 2022, VOCs emissions of service stations will be reduce by 13% compared to those of 2015. &#9315;The measure of restricting the number of vehicles in operation by 50% can reduce VOCs emissions of service stations by (22&plusmn;12)% every day during 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation conference (APEC). &#9316;It is suggested to strengthen vapor recovery supervision on service stations in the area surrounding the new Beijing Municipal Government site, and in summer and refueling idle such as in noon.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Filling stations
Controlled terms:Emission control - Gasoline - Recovery - Unloading - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing city - Economic Co-operation - Emission inventories - Municipal government - Number of vehicles - On-line monitoring system - Uncontrolled emissions - Vapor recovery system
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 523  Liquid Fuels - 691.2  Materials Handling Methods - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.30e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.31e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.55e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.90e-01kg/m3 to 1.15e-01kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.60e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.30e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 8.00e-01%, Percentage 9.00e+00%, Percentage 9.84e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201702037

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 141>

Accession number:20183905856840
Title:Contamination Levels and Exposure Risk via Drinking Water from Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Seven Major Drainage Basins of China
Authors:Wang, Xin-Xuan (1, 2); Zhang, Hong (2); Wang, Yan-Ping (1); Luo, Ji (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science &amp; Technology, Tianjin; 300457, China; (2) College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen; 518060, China; (3) College of Physics Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian; 116622, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Hong(zhangh@szu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:703-710
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAAs) contamination in seven major drainage basins of China and the exposure risk to resident populations via drinking water sourced from these basins, a risk assessment model of the US EPA and a scenario-based risk assessment method were applied to analyze the PFAA pollution characteristics and to evaluate the average daily dose and health risk to adults, adolescents, and children. In the intermediate-exposure scenario, results showed that the &sum;PFAAs median for the seven major drainage basins was 14 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) the main contaminants, and that the contamination levels were the highest in the Songliao River and Taihu Lake basins. In the high-exposure scenario, the discharge proportion of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids with&le;6 carbon chains among the &sum;PFAAs was higher than that in the intermediate-exposure scenario. In addition, certain sections tended to be more polluted than others in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins. Risk assessment showed that PFOA and PFOS exposure via drinking water posed no health risk to Chinese residents, and that the average daily ingestion of drinking water of Chinese adolescents was below the suggested amount.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Catchments - Contamination - Health risks - Potable water - Risk assessment - Risk perception - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Average daily dose (ADD) - Perfluoroalkyl acids - Perfluorooctane acid (PFOA) - Perfluorooctane sulfonic acids - Pollution level - Risk assessment models
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.40e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705100

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 142>

Accession number:20183905856423
Title:Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils Around Mining Area Based on UNMIX Model
Authors:Lu, Xin (1, 2, 3); Hu, Wen-You (1); Huang, Biao (1); Li, Yuan (2); Zu, Yan-Qun (2); Zhan, Fang-Dong (2); Kuang, Rong-Xi (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; 650201, China; (3) Shanghai Geotechnical Engineering &amp; Geology Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200072, China; (4) Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210018, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Wen-You(wyhu@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1421-1429
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Forty-two farmland soil samples were collected from the mining area of Huize City, Yunnan Province, to identify the sources of metals in the farmland soils, and 14 selected elements in farmland soils were detected. The UNMIX model was applied to identify the sources of the metals. The inverse distance weighted interpolation method of statistical analysis in ArcGIS was used to develop a spatial distribution map of the six severely polluted metals to validate the source apportionment results of the UNMIX model. The results indicated that: &#9312; the metals, Pb, Zn, and Cd, in the studied farmland soils were seriously polluted according to the soil background values of Yunnan Province and the Chinese environmental quality standard; &#9313; there were three potential sources of metals according to UNMIX model: source 1 was the anthropogenic sources caused by industrial activities with a source contribution rate of 16.32%; source 2 was the anthropogenic sources caused by coal combustion and fertilization with a source contribution rate of 68.26%; and source 3 was the combined sources caused by mining related activities and soil parent materials with a source contribution rate of 15.42%; and &#9314; the spatial distribution of selected metals was in accordance with the local land-use and the results of the UNMIX model. Therefore, the UNMIX model can be effectively applied to the source apportionment of heavy metals in farmland soils around the mining area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Heavy metals - Inverse problems - Land use - Mining - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic sources - Environmental quality standards - Farmland soils - Industrial activities - Inverse distance-weighted interpolation - Source apportionment - Source contributions - Spatial distribution map
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 502.1  Mine and Quarry Operations - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705254

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 143>

Accession number:20183905856766
Title:Preparation of PAAm/HACC Semi-Interpenetrate Network Hydrogel and Its Adsorption Properties for Humic Acid from Aqueous Solution
Authors:Liu, Ze-Jun (1); Zhou, Shao-Qi (1, 2); Ma, Fu-Zhen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510640, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Shao-Qi(fesqzhou@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1233-1240
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:New absorbents, polyacrylamide/chitosan quaternary ammonium salt semi-interpenetrate network hydrogels [(PAAm/HACC semi-IPN) (s-IPN 1.5), and (s-IPN 3)], were successfully prepared via in situ polymerization by thermal synthesis for the removal of humic acid (HA) from aqueous solution. The materials were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. The adsorption behaviors of adsorbents for HA were investigated as a function of pH, ionic strength, contact time, initial HA concentration, and temperature. The results showed that s-IPN 3 outperformed s-IPN 1.5. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for HA decreased with an increase in solution pH and decrease of temperature, and low ionic strength was conducive to the adsorption of HA. The adsorption kinetics fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the adsorption isotherms could be described by the Sips isotherm model. The impressive maximum adsorption capacity could reach 238.08 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> at the condition of pH=7.0, ionic strength=0.01 mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and T=298 K. The adsorbent could remove HA from aqueous solution efficiently.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Adsorbents - Biological materials - Hydrogels - Ionic strength - Organic acids - Polyacrylates - Salt removal - Salts - Solutions
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption behavior - Adsorption capacities - Adsorption properties - Chitosan quaternary ammonium salts - Humic acid - In-situ polymerization - Pseudo-second-order kinetic models - Quaternary ammonium salt
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707019

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 144>

Accession number:20183905856827
Title:Emission Inventory of Anthropogenically Sourced VOCs and Its Contribution to Ozone Formation in Jiangsu Province
Authors:Xia, Si-Jia (1); Liu, Qian (1); Zhao, Qiu-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Province Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing; 210036, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:592-599
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on statistical activity data, emission factors, and source profiles, an emission inventory of anthropogenic-speciated VOCs in Jiangsu province in 2015 was calculated. The ozone formation potential (OFP) of VOCs was estimated by the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR). The result showed that the total anthropogenic emission amount of VOCs in Jiangsu Province was 1 927.8 kt in 2015. Fossil fuel combustion, industrial processes, solvent utilization, biomass burning, vehicles, and storage and transport contributed 7.38%, 27.93%, 39.56%, 3.55%, 16.18%, and 5.39%, respectively. Suzhou, Nanjing, and Xuzhou were the three cities with the highest amount, contributing more than 200 kt of VOCs. The total amount of OFP from 56 ozone-precursor VOCs was 5 429.5 kt. The contribution to OFP from the equipment manufacturing, vehicles manufacturing and building decoration was 30%-60% more than their contribution to the emissions. The coating VOC reduction would be more efficient for alleviating O<inf>3</inf> pollution. The 10 VOC species with the largest OFP contribution were m/p-xylene, ethylene, propylene, 1,3-butadiene, toluene, o-xylene, 1-butene, ethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and p-ethyltoluene, which contributed 75.63% of the total OFP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Ozone
Controlled terms:Digital storage - Ethylene - Fossil fuels - Fuel storage - Manufacture - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Emission factors - Emission inventories - Jiangsu province - Ozone formation potentials - Source profiles
Classification code:537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 694.4  Storage - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.96e+01%, Percentage 5.39e+00%, Percentage 7.38e+00%, Percentage 7.56e+01%, Percentage 1.62e+01%, Percentage 2.79e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01% to 6.00e+01%, Percentage 3.55e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705218

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 145>

Accession number:20183905856764
Title:Fabrication of a Biomass-Based Hydrous Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite for Advanced Phosphate Removal
Authors:Qiu, Hui (1); Qin, Zhi-Feng (1); Liu, Feng-Ling (1); Liang, Chen (1); Song, Ming-Xia (1); Xu, Zheng-Wen (1); Guan, Yi-Dong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1212-1219
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Wheat straws were modified by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CTA) to obtain aminated wheat straw St-N'. The optimum synthetic conditions were determined to be NaOH with 30% mass fraction, CTA of 100 mL, reaction temperature of 80&#8451;, and reaction time of 3 h, which was verified by orthogonal experiments. Nano-sized hydrous zirconium oxides (HZO) were immobilized into St-N' by an in situ precipitation method to obtain the nanocomposite St-N'-Zr. The SEM, TEM, XRD, and BET results indicated that the nano-sized HZO with 50-100 nm sizes were uniformly loaded onto the inner surface of the biomass-based carrier St-N' that was amorphous in nature. A Langmuir adsorption isotherm fitted the adsorption process well, and the maximum adsorption amount was calculated to be 33.90 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. The optimal pH range was 1.8-6.0, displaying good removal capacity of phosphate in acidic waters. In the presence of high levels of competing anions, the phosphate adsorption still retained more than 70% of the original amount, showing the higher preference of St-N'-Zr towards phosphate than towards the commercial anion exchanger D-201. After 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption, the removal efficiency remained stable, confirming the good regeneration ability and potential application of St-N'-Zr.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Zirconium compounds
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Chlorine compounds - Ion exchangers - Nanocomposites - Negative ions - Oxides - Phosphates - Precipitation (chemical) - Sodium hydroxide - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption desorption - In-situ precipitation - Langmuir adsorption isotherms - Optimum synthetic condition - Orthogonal experiment - Regeneration - Removal efficiencies - Wheat straws
Classification code:761  Nanotechnology - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 933  Solid State Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Size 5.00e-08m to 1.00e-07m, Time 1.08e+04s, Volume 1.00e-04m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706118

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 146>

Accession number:20183905856753
Title:Characteristics of Nitrogen Release at the Sediment-Water Interface in the Typical Tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir During the Sensitive Period in Spring
Authors:Li, Xin (1); Song, Lin-Xu (1); Ji, Dao-Bin (1); Liu, De-Fu (2); Su, Qing-Qing (1); L&uuml;, Lin-Peng (1); Wang, Xiong (1); Huang, Ya-Nan (1); Wu, Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, Dao-Bin(dbjictgu@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1113-1121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Overlying water and sediment interstitial water samples were acquired to study the nitrogen release between sediments and water interfaces in Xiangxi Bay in April 2016 during the Sensitive Period in spring. The spatial distribution of different forms of nitrogen in the sediment was analyzed, the diffusion fluxes of different forms of nitrogen in the sediments and water systems were also measured, and a correlation analysis with environmental factors was conducted. The results show that overlying water and sediment interstitial water &rho;(TN) ranges from 1.10 to 6.90 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 6.19 to 32.57 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> respectively; indicating the nitrogen concentrations in the overlying and interstitial water of sediments have a certain variation along the process and vertically. The interstitial water nitrogen concentrations in the upstream area are higher than those in the downstream area. The interstitial water &rho;(NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) in the sediment is significantly larger than that in the overlying water, but the interstitial water &rho;(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) in the sediment is slightly smaller than that in the overlying water. Xiangxi Bay sediment acts as a source of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N; however, for NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N it is a sink. The diffusive fluxes of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N range from 2.70 to 4.72 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>; and the diffusive fluxes of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N range from -1.61 to -0.62 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. Nitrogen is mainly present in the form of ammonium nitrogen in the sediment of Xiangxi Bay. The &rho;(NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) in the sediment ranges from 69.97-1 185.97 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, &rho;(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) ranges from 2.78-38.17 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and the &rho;(NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) in sediments in the surface at 0-8 cm changes with the same trend.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Nitrogen - Reservoirs (water) - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation analysis - Diffusive flux - Environmental factors - Nitrogen concentrations - Sediment water interface - Sediments and waters - Three gorges reservoir - Xiangxi bays
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.10e-03kg/m3 to 6.90e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.19e-03kg/m3 to 3.26e-02kg/m3, Size 0.00e+00m to 8.00e-02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707139

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 147>

Accession number:20183905856859
Title:Effect of Aeration Rate on Shortcut Nitrification Recovery in Intermittent Aeration Mode
Authors:Liu, Hong (1); Nan, Yan-Bin (1); Li, Hui (1); Wang, Xiang (1); Peng, Yong-Zhen (2); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:865-871
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Shortcut nitrification sludge, which was set aside for two months, was recovered using Reactors &#8544;, &#8545;, &#8546;, and &#8547;. The aeration rates of Reactors &#8544;, &#8545;, &#8546;, and &#8547; were 120, 100, 80, and 60 L&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, while treating real domestic sewage, and the ratio of aerobic/anoxic was 30 min/30 min at the temperature of 25&#8451;. The influent of ammonia was 50-80 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the concentration of effluent ammonia was stable, at below 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, after the 12<sup>th</sup>, 18<sup>th</sup>, 21<sup>st</sup>, and 21<sup>st</sup> cycles. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen was about 95%. The highest concentrations of nitrite for Reactors &#8544;, &#8545;, &#8546;, and &#8547; were 20.83, 22.81, 21.50, and 20.73 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which occurred in the 30<sup>th</sup>, 35<sup>th</sup>, 38<sup>th</sup>, and 42<sup>nd</sup> cycles, respectively. The concentrations of effluent nitrate were lower than 0.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the nitrite accumulation rates were higher than 99%. The activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) increased gradually and finally stabilized at 100.00%; however, the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was gradually inhibited. The recovery of shortcut nitrification was achieved successfully in the different aeration modes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Sewage aeration
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Recovery - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:Activity recovery - Aeration rate - Ammonia nitrogen - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Intermittent aeration - Nitrite accumulation - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Shortcut nitrification
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.07e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 8.00e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707029

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 148>

Accession number:20183905856833
Title:Composite CVOCs Removal in a Combined System of Nonthermal Plasma and a Biotrickling Filter
Authors:Guo, Hai-Qian (1); Miao, Jing-Jing (1); Jiang, Li-Ying (1); Zhang, Di (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310032, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Li-Ying(jiangly@zjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:640-647
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A coupling system of nonthermal plasma and a biotrickling filter was used to remove a gas mixture of chlorobenzene (CB) and dichloromethane (DCE). The effects of inlet gas concentration and gas flow rate on the removal of the target pollutants in the coupling system were investigated at the frequency of 10 000 Hz and specific input energy (SIE) of 6 111 J&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, the advantages of the plasma-bio-coupled system were revealed by analyzing the relationship between the degradation products and SIE, biomass, or biodiversity in the biotrickling filter. The results showed that when the SIE and gas flow rate were constant, increasing the initial concentration would decrease the removal efficiency of the mixed gas. The optimal appropriate gas flow rate was 0.71 L&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> when considering the cost. The CO<inf>2</inf> production amount, CO<inf>2</inf> selectivity, and chloride ion concentration increased with the increase of SIE when both the CB and DCE concentrations were 500 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and the gas flow rate was 0.71 L&bull;min<sup>-1</sup>. The protein content of the biofilter column gradually increased as the reactor operation progressed, and the biomass of the lower layer was higher than that of the upper layer. The high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the biological community in the biotrickling filter keeped rich and diversified.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Biofilters
Controlled terms:Biodiversity - Carbon dioxide - Degradation - Dichloromethane - Flow of gases - Flow rate - Gases - Passive filters
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-trickling filters - Chloride ion concentration - Chlorobenzene - Coupled systems - High-throughput sequencing - Initial concentration - Nonthermal plasma - Specific input energies
Classification code:454  Environmental Engineering - 631  Fluid Flow - 631.1.2  Gas Dynamics - 703.2  Electric Filters - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Frequency 1.00e+04Hz
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703280

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 149>

Accession number:20183905856776
Title:Effect of NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N Recycling Ratio on Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal Efficiency in the ABR-MBR Combined Process
Authors:L&uuml;, Liang (1, 2); You, Wen (1, 2); Zhang, Min (1, 2); Wu, Peng (1, 2, 3); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, Yao-Liang(ylshen@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1309-1315
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the coupling of the ABR process and the MBR process, a novel combined ABR-MBR process, including biophase separation, liquid circulation, and functional linkage, was developed to achieve simultaneous carbon, nutrient, and phosphorus removal when treating domestic wastewater with low carbon/nitrogen ratio and to obtain the best combination of ABR, providing a quality carbon source, and MBR, achieving shortcut nitrification by optimizing hydraulic retention time (HRT). The influence of NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N recycling ratio on nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated at NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N recycling ratios of 100%, 200%, 300%, and 400%, respectively. The experimental results under different conditions showed that the efficiency of denitrifying phosphorus removal in the ABR was found to increase with increasing NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N recycling ratio from 100% to 300% but decreased when the NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N recycling ratio was 400%. Shortcut nitrification was achieved by controlling the low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration ranges from 0.3 to 1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> with the short HRT of 3 h in the MBR reactor. The nitrite accumulation ratio was above 60%, when the NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup>-N recycling ratio was 300%. Meanwhile, shortcut denitrifying phosphorus removal (where NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N mainly acted as the electron acceptor for denitrifying phosphorus removal) was achieved and played the dominant role in phosphorus removal.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Carbon - Denitrification - Dissolved oxygen - Efficiency - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen oxides - Phosphorus - Recycling - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-phase separations - Denitrifying phosphorus removal - Hydraulic retention time - Low dissolved oxygen - Nitrite accumulation - Nitrogen and phosphorus removal - Recycling ratio - Shortcut nitrification
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-04kg/m3 to 1.00e-03kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 1.00e+02% to 3.00e+02%, Percentage 2.00e+02%, Percentage 3.00e+02%, Percentage 4.00e+02%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Time 1.08e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707197

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 150>

Accession number:20183905856852
Title:Effect of Sulfur to Quartz Sand Ratios on the Removal of High-Concentration Perchlorate in Packed-Bed Reactors
Authors:Tao, Hua-Qiang (1); Shao, Dong-Hai (2); Zhang, Chao (1); Song, Yuan-Yuan (1); Lu, Cai-Cai (1); Guo, Jian-Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin; 300384, China; (2) Dalian Environmental Engineering Assessment Center, Dalian; 116023, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Jian-Bo(jianbguo@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:811-818
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Three autotrophic packed-bed reactors, each with a different sulfur/quartz sand ratio(R1, 2:1; R2, 1:1; R3, 1:2,)were used to remove high-concentration perchlorate from contaminated water. The perchlorate removal efficiency, kinetics, and biofilm of the reactors were studied using different perchlorate concentrations and hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The perchlorate removal efficiency decreased with higher perchlorate concentration and shorter HRT, and the removal efficiency of R1 was higher than of R2 and R3. The maximum removal loading of R1 was 2.18 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>at an HRT of 3.2 h and perchlorate concentration of 300 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The half-order kinetics model fit the reactors' experimental data well; the reaction rate constants of R1, R2, and R3 were 8.036, 6.596, and 4.212 mg<sup>1/2</sup>&bull;(L<sup>1/2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The yield of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> was greater than the stoichiometric yield of sulfur autotrophic reduction owing to sulfur disproportionation. The disproportionation was inhibited with a higher perchlorate concentration or shorter HRT. Moreover, disproportionation of R3 was the weakest because the SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> yield of R3 was lower than of R1 and R2. The pH and alkalinity of the effluent increased with lower perchlorate concentration and shorter HRT. The development of biofilm in R2 and R3 was better than in R1. The secretion of extracellular polymeric substances can promote the formation of biofilm.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Inorganic compounds
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Biofilms - Chemical reactors - Efficiency - Effluents - Enzyme kinetics - Kinetics - Packed beds - Polymers - Rate constants  - Sulfur - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Disproportionations - Extracellular polymeric substances - Half-order kinetics - Hydraulic retention time - Perchlorate - Perchlorate concentration - Perchlorate removal - Removal efficiencies
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Time 1.15e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706182

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 151>

Accession number:20183905856783
Title:Diffusion of Microorganism and Main Pathogenic Bacteria During Municipal Treated Wastewater Discharged into Sea
Authors:Xu, Ai-Ling (1); Niu, Cheng-Jie (1); Song, Zhi-Wen (1); Lang, Xiu-Lu (1); Guo, Ming-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao; 266033, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Zhi-Wen(songzhiwen@qtech.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1365-1378
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Numerous microorganisms, especially pathogens, exist in treated wastewater, which leads to possible risk to population health and marine ecological security when treated wastewater is discharged into the sea. This study selects Maidao municipal sewage treatment plant as the location. The microbial community and the dynamic distribution and seasonal variation of pathogens are analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the microbes in the discharge were distributed into 20 to 27 phyla, and the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which were mainly distributed in 44 to 65 classes. The predominant pathogens are mainly composed of Gammaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Epsilonproteobacteria in the Proteobacteria category. The proportion of most dominant phyla and classes in the sample decreased with an increase in diffusion distance. There were mainly 55 species pathogenic bacteria in the water discharging into the sea. The pathogenic genes in the discharge were mainly related to cancer, cardiovascular disease, immune system diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. When compared with the blank samples, it was found that the biomass of pathogenic bacteria decreased sharply with the diffusion by the seawater, and most of the pathogens were not detected 1000 m away from the seashore. Arcobacter spp. caused human and animal diarrhea and bacteremia, Acinetobacter spp. caused nosocomial infections, and Shewanella hafniensis posed a threat to seafood farming and fishing. The three species of pathogenic bacteria mentioned above occupied a fairly large proportion of the discharge into the sea.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Bacteriology - Diffusion - Health risks - Neurodegenerative diseases - Pathogens - Sewage treatment plants - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Cardio-vascular disease - Dynamic distribution - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial communities - Microbial community structures - Municipal sewage treatment plant - Nosocomial infection - Treated wastewater
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.00e+03m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 152>

Accession number:20183905856745
Title:Particulate Component Emission Characteristic from a Diesel Bus with DOC and CDPF
Authors:Lou, Di-Ming (1); Geng, Xiao-Yu (1); Song, Bo (1); Tan, Pi-Qiang (1); Hu, Zhi-Yuan (1); Liu, Ji-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai; 201804, China 
Corresponding author:Geng, Xiao-Yu(gengxiaoyu233@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1040-1045
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A diesel bus was tested with a China City Bus Cycle (CCBC) on a heavy chassis dynamometer, and the components of the particulate emissions with different after-treatment equipment were investigated. Results showed that OC was less than EC in the particulates of the bus emissions without the use of after-treatment equipment. The organic components were mainly fatty acids (60.9%) and n-alkanes (32.4%), with a few hopanes and PAHs. Fatty acid components were mainly C<inf>16:0</inf>, C<inf>18</inf>, C<inf>14</inf>, and C<inf>18:1</inf>. The n-alkanes were mainly C<inf>18</inf>-C<inf>24</inf>, with C<inf>21</inf>H<inf>44</inf> and C<inf>22</inf>H<inf>46</inf> accounting for the greatest portion. PAH mass was concentrated in medium and small molecular weight components, such as Pyr, FL, and PA. While PAH toxicity was dominated by medium and high molecular weight components, BaP was the most toxic, followed by B(b+k)F, BaA, and IcdP. The total toxicity of the PAHs decreased by 2.7% after DOC treatment and continued to decrease by 89.6%-93.8% after CDPF treatment. After-treatment equipment significantly reduced the OC+EC emissions by 18.9% (DOC) and 70.5%-72.5% (CDPF), but the reduction rate varied from one component to another. The different precious metal loadings of the CDPF did not obviously affect the reduction rate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Particulate emissions
Controlled terms:Barium compounds - Buses - Dynamometers - Fatty acids - Molecular weight - Paraffins - Toxicity
Uncontrolled terms:After-treatment - CCBC - Diesel bus - PAH toxicities - Particulate components
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 461.7  Health Care - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics - 943.1  Mechanical Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.89e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+00%, Percentage 3.24e+01%, Percentage 6.09e+01%, Percentage 7.05e+01% to 7.25e+01%, Percentage 8.96e+01% to 9.38e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705049

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 153>

Accession number:20183905856737
Title:Important Effect of Secondary Inorganic Salt Extinction on Visibility Impairment in the Northern Suburb of Nanjing
Authors:Yu, Chao (1); Yu, Xing-Na (1); Zhao, Tian-Liang (1); Zhang, Lei (1); Ma, Guo-Xu (1); Wang, Yong-Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Tian-Liang(tlzhao@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:972-979
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Observed data regarding the visibility and aerosol chemical composition from May 2013 to May 2014 were used to analyze the variation of visibility, the relationship between aerosol chemical composition and visibility variations, and their contributions to atmospheric light extinction. An important effect of secondary inorganic salt extinction on the visibility impairment was determined. The present study suggests that the average visibility during the observation period was (6.78&plusmn;3.68) km, and there was obvious seasonal variation in the visibility. Fine particles with size less than 2.1 &mu;m have a great influence on visibility, with the main chemical components of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, and OC. The secondary inorganic ions make significant contributions to visibility degradation. The mean light extinction coefficient of Nanjing was (527.2&plusmn;295.2) Mm<sup>-1</sup>, which was calculated by using the revised IMPROVE equation. Regarding the chemical composition of PM<inf>2.1,</inf> the most contributive species to the light extinction coefficient were ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and organic species, which accounted for 80.6%. Although the light extinction contribution of organic matter was as high as 43.51% on a clear day (VR&gt;10 km), with the decrease of visibility, the extinction contribution of organic matter decreased, but the contribution of secondary inorganic salt increased. The contribution of extinction was 58.96% for heavy haze days with low visibility (VR&lt;5 km). This proves that the secondary inorganic salt extinction plays a significant role in visibility impairment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Visibility
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical analysis - Degradation - Light extinction - Nitrogen compounds - Organic compounds - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol chemical composition - Chemical compositions - Fine particles - Inorganic salts - Light extinction coefficients - Seasonal variation - Visibility degradation - Visibility impairment
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.2  Vision - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.35e+01%, Percentage 5.90e+01%, Percentage 8.06e+01%, Size 2.10e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707171

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 154>

Accession number:20183905856747
Title:Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Environmental Risk of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Liuxi River
Authors:Fan, Jing-Jing (1, 2); Wang, Sai (1, 2); Tang, Jin-Peng (1, 2); Dai, Yu-N&uuml; (1, 2); Wang, Lin (1, 2); Long, Sheng-Xing (1, 2); He, Wen-Xiang (3); Liu, Shuai-Lei (1, 2); Wang, Jia-Xi (1, 2); Yang, Yang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Hydrobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Tropic and Subtropic Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (3) Central Station of Environmental Monitoring, Guangzhou; 510030, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Yang(yangyang@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1053-1064
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and spatio-temporal distribution of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), triclosan (TCS), estrone (E1), 17&beta;-estradiol (E2), and bisphenol-A (BPA) as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the water of the Liuxi River and to evaluate the risks for estrogenic activity. The results showed that EDCs had been detected at the 14 monitoring sites and the total concentration ranged from 26.07 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 7109.5 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with the highest contribution rate coming from 4-NP (78.62%), followed by BPA (11.91%), and the other four EDCs (&le;4.92%). On a spatial and temporal scale, the EDC contents increased longitudinally from upstream to downstream, especially in the heavily-polluted Baiyun section where the water quality was lower than level &#8548;. The EDC contents in the tributaries were much higher than those in the main channels. Influenced by the monsoon precipitation, the contents of 4-NP, 4-t-OP, and total EDCs in the rainy season were significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher than those in the dry season, while the seasonal changes of E1 and E2 followed the opposite tendency. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that DO was significantly negatively correlated with all the EDCs, suggesting that the EDCs and reductive organic pollutants might coexist. As TN, TP, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, permanganate index, and EC were significantly positively correlated with E1, E2, BPA, and TCS but not obviously correlated with 4-NP (P&gt;0.05), we presumed that the pollution source of E1, E2, BPA, and TCS might be the same with nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition, originating from the point source emission of the domestic sewage, industrial, and agricultural wastewater. In contrast, 4-NP and 4-t-OP more likely originated from the non-point source pollution from agriculture. RDA results showed that the variation of the EDCs contents by season was more obvious than that in space (RDA1 56.14%&gt;RDA2 14.20%), which was much more influenced by 4-NP in the rainy season and by BPA in the dry season. As E1, E2, and TCS were positively correlated with the Cu, Zn, cyanide, and fecal coliform, these three target compounds could be used to indicate the multiple pollution components for water quality. Compared with the worldwide reported EDC contents in waters, 4-NP, BPA, and TCS contents in the middle and lower reaches of the Liuxi River were at higher levels, while E1, E2, and 4-t-OP were at the middle and lower levels. The risk assessment for estrogenic activity showed that the RQ values in the middle and lower reaches of the Liuxi River were all greater than 1, indicating that the downstream river sections were under high risk for estrogenic activity. As a result, appropriate precautions are needed to improve environmental management.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Chemicals - Correlation methods - Drought - Endocrine disrupters - Endocrinology - Environmental management - Industrial emissions - Organic pollutants - Risk assessment  - River pollution - Sewage - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural wastewater - Endocrine disrupting chemicals - Estrogenic activities - Non-point source pollution - Pearson correlation analysis - Source analysis - Spatiotemporal distributions - Spatiotemporal patterns
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 454.1  Environmental Engineering, General - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.61e-08kg/m3 to 7.11e-06kg/m3, Percentage 1.19e+01%, Percentage 1.42e+01%, Percentage 7.86e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708145

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 155>

Accession number:20183905856508
Title:Effects of Tetracycline Antibiotics on Growth and Characteristics of Enrichment and Transformation in Two Vegetables
Authors:Chi, Sun-Lin (1); Wang, Wei-Zhong (1); Xu, Wei-Hong (1); Li, Tao (1); Li, Yan-Hua (1); Zhang, Chun-Lai (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Wei-Hong(xuwei_hong@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:935-943
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Pot experiments were carried out to study different levels (0, 50, and 150 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) of three tetracycline antibiotics [tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), and chlortetracycline (CTC)] on the growth, concentration of tetracycline antibiotics, and their characteristics of enrichment and transformation in two kinds of vegetables (lettuce and Chinese cabbage). The results showed that the fresh weight of shoots and roots of lettuce decreased by 1.56%-26.84% and 17.36%-51.04%, respectively, when exposed to tetracycline antibiotics compared to the control, while the fresh weight of shoots and roots of Chinese cabbage increased by 3.7%-7.3% and 3.1%-82.2%, respectively. The stomatal conductance (G<inf>s</inf>) and transpiration rate (T<inf>r</inf>) of lettuce and cabbage increased when exposed to tetracycline antibiotics, while the net photosynthetic rate (P<inf>n</inf>) of lettuce decreased by 32.43%-82.43% at 150 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> of TC compared to the control. Compared to the control, the activities of SOD in lettuce and cabbage decreased 29.17%-223.12% when exposed to tetracycline antibiotics, and the lowest activities of SOD in lettuce and cabbage were found in OTC treatments. The highest content of MDA in lettuce and cabbage was observed at 150 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> of TC (except for lettuce leaves). The contents of tetracycline antibiotics in the shoots and underground portions of Chinese cabbage were higher than that of lettuce, and higher contents of tetracycline antibiotics in vegetables were found with the CTC treatments. The residual amount of antibiotics in lettuce soil was higher than that in the Chinese cabbage soil, and the highest residual amount in the soil was observed with the OTC treatment. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) and transport factor (TF) of Chinese cabbage were, respectively, 1.07-7.35 and 1.15-2.25 times that of lettuce. OTC and CTC were more easily concentrated in the two vegetables. Therefore, OTC and CTC may bring a higher ecological risk.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Antibiotics
Controlled terms:Bioaccumulation - Enzyme activity - Photosynthesis - Soils - Temperature control - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant enzyme activity - Bioconcentration factor - Characteristics of enrichment and transformation - Net photosynthetic rate - Oxytetracyclines (OTC) - Stomatal conductance - Tetracycline antibiotics - Transpiration rates
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 731.3  Specific Variables Control - 741.1  Light/Optics - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.56e+00% to 2.68e+01%, Percentage 1.74e+01% to 5.10e+01%, Percentage 2.92e+01% to 2.23e+02%, Percentage 3.10e+00% to 8.22e+01%, Percentage 3.24e+01% to 8.24e+01%, Percentage 3.70e+00% to 7.30e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 156>

Accession number:20183905856784
Title:Oxytetracycline Wastewater Treatment in Microbial Fuel Cells and the Analysis of Microbial Communities
Authors:Yan, Wei-Fu (1, 2); Xiao, Yong (1); Wang, Shu-Hua (1, 2); Ding, Rui (1, 2); Zhao, Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Yong(yxiao@iue.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1379-1385
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Oxytetracycline (OTC) as an important broad spectrum antibiotic has been widely used in animal husbandry. However, the abuse of OTC not only has a direct adverse impact on ecosystems, but also exacerbates the appearance of antibiotic resistance bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. OTC-containing wastewater was treated using microbial fuel cells (MFCs), and the removal efficiency of OTC in MFCs in different operation periods was investigated. Result showed that the removal efficiency of 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> OTC by MFCs within 132 h was up to 99.0% after 150 d of operation. The bacterial communities in raw pig mature and anodic biofilms were studied by high-throughput sequencing. This showed that Firmicutes were both dominant on phylum a level; However, compared to the raw pig mature, the abundance of Proteobacteria greatly increased from 2.84% to 8.92%-22.75% in the anodic biofilm. In addition, the abundance of Eubacterium spp. in the anodic biofilm increased obviously from nearly 0.00% to 20.49%-49.00%. It has been reported that some Eubacterium spp. were able to biodegrade oxygen heterocyclic aromatic compounds contained in OTC. Therefore, Eubacterium spp. is suggested as potential functional species in the biodegradation of OTC and/or its metabolites. This work proves the feasibility and effectiveness of removing OTC-containing wastewater by using MFCs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Microbial fuel cells
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Bacteria - Biodegradation - Biofilms - Efficiency - Throughput - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic resistance - Antibiotic resistance bacteria - Antibiotic resistance genes - Heterocyclic aromatic compounds - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial communities - Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) - Oxytetracyclines (OTC)
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.8  Biotechnology - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.05e+01% to 4.90e+01%, Percentage 8.92e+00% to 2.28e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%, Time 4.75e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708189

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 157>

Accession number:20183905856785
Title:Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil C-to-N Ratio of Yugan County and Its Influencing Factors in the Past 30 Years
Authors:Jiang, Ye-Feng (1, 2); Zhong, Shan (1, 2); Li, Jie (1, 2); Wang, Lan-Ke (1, 2); Guo, Xi (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Academy of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang; 330045, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang; 330045, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Xi(xig435@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1386-1395
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The soil carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of soils is a sensitive indicator of soil quality and an indicator for assessing the carbon and nitrogen nutrition balance of soils. Its variation is significant in reflecting the carbon and nitrogen cycling of soils. An accurate knowledge of how the C/N ratio varies spatially and temporally and the driving factors at county scale is of great significance to the extrapolation of balanced fertilization based on soil C/N ratio regulation as well as to the protection of the ecological environment. This study was based on 200 points of surface soil samples (0-20 cm) collected during the second National Soil Survey in 1982 and 423 points of surface soil samples (0-20 cm) collected during the soil test-based formulated fertilization project in 2012 in Yugan County. Combined with the soil parent material, soil type, farmland-use type, terrain factors, pH, straw incorporation pattern, and nitrogen fertilizer rate over the past 30 years, spatial and temporal variability characteristics of the soil C/N ratio were analyzed by using ordinary kriging methods, and the effects of the influencing factors were quantified by regression analysis. The results indicated that the mean value of the C/N ratio was 10.05 and 11.18 in 1982 and 2012, respectively. The coefficient of variation was 19.40% and 25.04%, respectively, which suggested the soil C/N ratio had moderate variability in the study area. The ratios of nugget to sill were 15.91% and 71.25% in 1982 and 2012, respectively. This means that the leading factor from the structural factors (parent material and soil type) into the stochastic factors (nitrogen fertilizer rate and straw incorporation pattern). In the past 30 years, most of the regional soil C/N ratio increased significantly especially the eastern region. The spatial variability of soil C/N in 1982 was mainly affected by soil parent material, soil type, terrain factor, and pH, with the degree of influence of each variable at 17.3%, 14.2%, 7.4%, and 2.3%. In 2012, the spatial variability was mainly affected by soil parent material, soil type, farmland-use type, terrain factor, straw incorporation pattern, and nitrogen fertilizer rate, with the degree of influence of each variable of 8.7%, 23.5% 28.2%, 12.2%, 12.6%, and 42.3%, respectively. To maintain the steady growth of the soil C/N ratio, it is suggested that the return of carbon be incorporated with the input of nitrogen, such as incorporating crop residues into the soil and inputting more organic fertilizers into the soil in future farming practices.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Carbon - Farms - Landforms - Nitrogen fertilizers - Regression analysis - Soil surveys - Soil testing - Stochastic systems
Uncontrolled terms:Nitrogen fertilizer rate - Parent materials - Soil carbon - Spatial and temporal variability - Yugan County
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 961  Systems Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.00e+01yr, Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.42e+01%, Percentage 1.59e+01%, Percentage 1.73e+01%, Percentage 1.94e+01%, Percentage 2.30e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.82e+01%, Percentage 4.23e+01%, Percentage 7.12e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+00%, Percentage 8.70e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 158>

Accession number:20183905856843
Title:Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Health Risk of Surface Waters in the City of Ningbo, China
Authors:Xu, Mei-Juan (1); Bao, Bo (2); Chen, Chun-Yan (2); Wang, Yong-Chuan (1); Gao, Fu-Yan (1); Yu, Xiao-Yi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo; 315100, China; (2) Cixi Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Cixi; 315300, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Xiao-Yi(yuxiaoyi@nit.zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:729-737
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the present situation and the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in the surface waters of eastern Chinese coastal cities, the city of Ningbo was used as an example. From surface waters in Ningbo, 255 water samples were collected. The concentrations of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were measured for the samples. The potential ecological risk of these heavy metals was evaluated by calculating health risk and cancer risk indices. The results indicate that, in the surface waters of Ningbo, the average concentrations of the six heavy metals were in the increasing order of Zn&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;Cd&gt;Cu. Three of the heavy metal concentrations exceeded the national environmental quality standards for surface water (GB 3838-2002, grade &#8548;), and the order of exceeding the standard: Cd&gt;Pb&gt;Cr. Electroplating wastewater, metal waste produced, traffic pollutant, dyes, and coatings waste were the main pollutant sources. There were some potential health risks in over 70 percent of the surface waters in Ningbo, and the surface waters of the Zhenhai and Haishu districts had the highest potential health risk. There were three major potential health risk heavy metals, and their order of increasing risk was Cd&gt;Cr&gt;Pb. For adults and juveniles, the average carcinogenic risk indices were 17 600 and 24 800 times the critical values, respectively. Moreover, over 95 percent of the risks were attributed to Cr. The potential carcinogenic risk index of commercial areas with dense population was nearly 2 times that of the city average. The results indicated that the state of heavy metal pollution in the surface waters of Ningbo was very serious, thus the government should pay more attention to this issue.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Health - Heavy metals - Risk assessment - River pollution - Surface waters
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk - Coastal cities - Electroplating wastewater - Environmental quality standards - Heavy metal concentration - Ningbo - Potential ecological risk - Potential health risks
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705251

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 159>

Accession number:20183905856749
Title:Identification of Nitrate Sources and the Fate of Nitrate in Downstream Areas: A Case Study in the Taizi River Basin
Authors:Li, Yan-Li (1); Yang, Zi-Rui (1); Yin, Xi-Jie (2); Sun, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454000, China; (2) Open Laboratory of Ocean &amp; Coast Environmental Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography State Administration, Xiamen; 361005, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1076-1084
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A total of 14 samples were collected in May 2016(dry season)and August 2016 (wet season) in the downstream area of the Taizi River. &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were determined using the azide method, and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-H<inf>2</inf>O was determined using a CO<inf>2</inf>-H<inf>2</inf>O equilibration technique. To identify NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> sources and transformations in the downstream area of Taizi River Basin, ion chromatography, Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry, the azide method, and CO<inf>2</inf>-H<inf>2</inf>O equilibration methods were utilized to determine the concentrations of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, and isotopic compositions (&delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O) of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and the &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-H<inf>2</inf>O in surface water. The results showed that the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> was mainly derived from mixed sources. During the dry season, the nitrate in the surface water was derived from soil nitrogen, manure, and sewage in the upper reaches, and mainly derived from synthetic fertilizer, manure, and sewage in the middle and lower reaches of the Beisha River. The nitrate was mainly derived from manure and sewage in the Nansha River. The nitrate was mainly derived from soil nitrogen in the upper reaches, mainly derived from synthetic fertilizer, manure, and sewage in the middle reaches, and mainly derived from manure and sewage in the lower reaches of the Haicheng River. During the wet season, the nitrate sources in surface water were soil nitrogen, synthetic fertilizer, manure, and sewage in the Beisha River; synthetic fertilizer, manure, and sewage in the middle and lower reaches of the Haicheng River and the Nansha River; and soil nitrogen and synthetic fertilizer in the upper reaches of the Haicheng River. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations decreased with increasing &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> from the dry season to the wet season, indicating that volatilization of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and denitrification of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> might occur during the wet season. There is a slightly positive relationship between the reciprocal of the concentration of 1/&rho;(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) and &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> during the wet season, indicating that mixing processes occurred in surface water. The results will provide information on nitrate sources during seasonal variations in the plain areas.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Chlorine compounds - Drought - Ion chromatography - Manures - Nitrates - Nitrogen fertilizers - Rivers - Sewage - Soils  - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Chloride - Downstream areas - Equilibration techniques - Isotopic composition - Nessler's reagents - Pollution sources - Seasonal variation - Synthetic fertilizers
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801  Chemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705248

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 160>

Accession number:20183905856510
Title:Liver and Kidney Function of E-waste Dismantling Workers and Potential Influencing Factors
Authors:Yan, Xiao (1); Li, Shu-Yuan (1); Wang, Mei-Huan (1); Xu, Rong-Fa (1); Zheng, Jing (1); Ren, Ming-Zhong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou; 510655, China 
Corresponding author:Ren, Ming-Zhong(renmingzhong@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:953-960
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:High levels of exposure to heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by e-waste dismantling workers has attracted increasing attention, but the health conditions of the workers are seldom reported. The liver and kidney functions of the workers were studied by comparing the blood indicators of the worker group with those of the control group. Moreover, factors affecting the liver and kidney functions, such as the sexuality, age, and working time, were identified using correlation analysis. The ratio of aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) and the direct bilirubin (DBIL) of the workers were significantly lower than the control group but the abnormal rate of liver and kidney remained the same in both groups. The abnormal rates of liver and kidney were higher in men than in women. ALT, AST/ALT, and urea nitrogen (BUN) increased with age while creatinine (CREA) increased with working time. The factors of liver and kidney damage caused by POPs and DBIL can be used as the indicators of the damage caused by multi-factors.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:53
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Electronic Waste - Heavy metals - Industrial poisons - Urea - Wastes
Uncontrolled terms:Alanine aminotransferase - Control groups - Correlation analysis - Health condition - Kidney function - Liver functions - Persistent organic pollutants - Urea nitrogen
Classification code:531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708101

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 161>

Accession number:20183905856826
Title:Indoor Formaldehyde and Benzene Series in Shanghai Residences and Their Associations with Building Characteristics and Lifestyle Behaviors
Authors:Jiang, Qiao-Yun (1); Liu, Ping-Ping (1); Wang, Xue-Ying (1); Lu, Rong-Chun (1); Liu, Wei (1); Zhou, Hua-Yuan (1); Gong, Ying-Ying (1); Zhou, Ya-Xin (1); Huang, Chen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai; 200093, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Chen(hcyhyywj@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:585-591
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:From March 2013 to December 2014, we on-site inspected indoor concentrations of formaldehyde and a benzene series in 454 children's bedrooms that were decorated earlier than one year before our inspection. Large differences existed in the formaldehyde and benzene-series concentrations among individual bedrooms. Bedrooms that were inspected in winter had significantly higher concentration of formaldehyde than bedrooms that were inspected in other seasons (P&lt;0.001), but the benzene-series concentration had no significant seasonal difference. Among bedrooms that were inspected in spring, those using different materials as wall coverings had significant differences in concentrations of the benzene series. Among bedrooms that were inspected in summer, those using different materials as floor coverings had significant differences in concentrations of the benzene series (P&lt;0.01). Among bedrooms that were inspected in autumn, those with&gt;5 household bonsais had significantly higher concentrations of formaldehyde than other bedrooms did. Among bedrooms that were inspected in winter, those with frequent use of air humidifiers and those in which pets were kept had significantly higher concentrations of the benzene series than other bedrooms did (P&lt;0.05). These results indicate that, after a long time since decoration, the types of household wall and floor covering materials still have certain relationships with indoor benzene-series levels and, compared to decoration materials, household ventilation perhaps has greater effect on indoor formaldehyde levels. The indoor benzene-series level perhaps has associations with indoor humidity level and the keeping of pets in households. Household bonsaies may have limited effect on indoor formaldehyde and benzene-series levels in residences that were decorated a long time ago.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Benzene
Controlled terms:Floors - Formaldehyde - Inspection - Volatile organic compounds - Walls (structural partitions)
Uncontrolled terms:Building characteristics - Child's bedroom - Indoor concentration - Indoor humidities - Lifestyle behaviors - Seasonal differences - Shanghai - Wall coverings
Classification code:402  Buildings and Towers - 408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703144

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 162>

Accession number:20183905856819
Title:Characteristics of VOCs Pollution in the Winter Atmosphere of a Typical Petrochemical Industry Park
Authors:Mao, Yao (1, 2); Li, Gang (3); Hu, Tian-Peng (2); Zheng, Huang (2); An, Yi-Wei (1); Min, Yang (1); Xing, Xin-Li (2); Qi, Shi-Hua (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan; 430074, China; (3) Karamay Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Karamay; 834000, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, Shi-Hua(shihuaqi@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:525-532
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air of a typical petrochemical industry park were measured using an on-line monitor (TH-300B) from December 2014 to February 2015. The composition, temporal variations, sources, and photochemical reactivity of VOCs were analyzed. Alkanes were the most abundant VOC species and contributed to 86.73% to total VOC concentrations in winter. Concentrations of TVOCs, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons were high at night and low during the day. The changes in alkane and alkene concentrations were consistent with those in TVOC concentrations. Using principal component analysis and multiple linear regression (PCA - MLR) in combination, five sources of VOCs were identified; fuel evaporation, industrial emissions, a mix of gasoline vehicle exhaust and plant emissions, diesel vehicle exhaust emissions, and fuel combustion with contributions of 60.02%, 8.50%, 2.07%, 12.21%, and 17.20%, respectively. Propylene-equivalent concentration (Propy-Equiv) and maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method were used to calculate the contributions of VOCs measured in the study area to ozone production. Alkanes contributed most to ozone production followed by alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The contribution rate of cyclopentane, n-butane, and 1-pentene were higher owing to their long photochemical age in the study area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Fuels - Industrial emissions - Linear regression - Mineral oils - Ozone - Paraffins - Petrochemicals - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Composition characteristics - Petrochemical industry - Reaction activity - Source apportionment - Variation characteristics
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.72e+01%, Percentage 2.07e+00%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707049

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 163>

Accession number:20183905856781
Title:Effects of Phosphorus on the Activity and Bacterial Community in Mixotrophic Denitrification Sludge
Authors:Wang, Pei-Qi (1); Zhou, Wei-Li (1); He, Sheng-Bing (1); Huang, Jung-Chen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Wei-Li(weilizhou@sjtu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1350-1356
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Biological denitrification is now one of the most widely applied techniques to remove nitrogen from the aquatic environment, and mixotrophic denitrification has gained attention as it takes the characteristics of both heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification. This study investigated the biological denitrification efficiency and the bacterial community structure of sludge sampled from a mixotrophic denitrification reactor, before and after adding a certain amount of phosphate. The results showed that the bacteria have the capability of denitrification even without phosphorus, but the addition of phosphorus could significantly improve the biomass and the denitrification activity. After phosphate was added, the autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification activity increased to 0.056 mg&bull;(L&bull;min&bull;g)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.232 mg&bull;(L&bull;min&bull;g)<sup>-1</sup> on N/VSS, which was 2.9 and 3.9 times that of the sludge activity before phosphorus addition, respectively. The bacterial community structure illustrated that the denitrifiers increased remarkably from 13.47% to 44.82% and that the dominate bacteria have also changed. Meanwhile, the growth of autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixtrophic bacteria were all improved significantly after phosphorus was added.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Biodiversity - Biological filter beds - Denitrification - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Autotrophic denitrification - Bacterial community structure - Biological denitrification - Community structures - Heterotrophic denitrification - Inorganic phosphorus - Mixotrophic denitrifications - Sludge activity
Classification code:454  Environmental Engineering - 461.8  Biotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.35e+01% to 4.48e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706265

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 164>

Accession number:20183905856860
Title:Effect of Aerobic/Phosphorus Granules on Start-up of Partial Nitrification Granular Sludge
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Guo, Yue-Zhou (1); Cao, Mei-Zhong (1); Zhang, Ze-Wen (1); Li, Shuai (2); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:872-879
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The different effects of additional aerobic granules (AGs) and phosphorus removal granules (PRGs) on the start-up and stable operation of partial nitrification granular sludge (PNGS) were compared at room temperature(22-28&#8451;). The results showed that in the first stage (days 0-22), partial nitrification was accomplished on day 19 for the three reactors (R1, R2, and R3). In the second stage (days 23-56), 20% AGs and 20% PRGs were added to R2 and R3 to induce PNGS. The start-up of the granules of the three reactors was successfully achieved. The mean particle sizes of R1, R2, and R3 reached 412 &mu;m at day 76, 468 &mu;m at day 42, and 400 &mu;m at day 56. In the third stage (days 57-108), because the influent ammonia load increased from 0.4 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.5 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and the COD load increased from 0.2 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 0.5 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, the mean particle sizes of R1 and R2 increased significantly. The average particle sizes of R1 and R2 reached 689 &mu;m and 893 &mu;m by the end of the operation (day 108), but sludge expansion occurred in R3. The inoculation of either AGs or PRGs could quickly achieve granulation, but the PNGS inoculated with the AGs could adapt to higher C/N and be more tolerable to shock loads and long-term stable operation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Granulation
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Granular materials - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Particle size
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic granules - Ammonia nitrogen - Average particle size - Different effects - Granular sludge - Mean particle size - Partial nitrification - Phosphorus removal
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Size 4.00e-04m, Size 4.12e-04m, Size 4.68e-04m, Size 6.89e-04m, Size 8.93e-04m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707099

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 165>

Accession number:20183905856780
Title:Analysis of Low C/N Wastewater Treatment and Structure by the CEM-UF Combined Membrane-Nitrification/Denitrification System
Authors:Xing, Jin-Liang (1, 2); Zhang, Yan (1); Chen, Chang-Ming (1); Zhang, Bo-Kang (1); Guo, Wei (1); Ma, Xiang-Shan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) China Metallurgical Industry Panning and Research Institute, Beijing; 100711, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Yan(yzhang@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1342-1349
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, a CEM-UF composite membrane with ammonia nitrogen enrichment and separation characteristics was combined with nitrification/denitrification to treat low C/N wastewater. The denitrification characteristics of low C/N wastewater at different flow ratios were investigated, and the structural characteristics of functional microbial communities in nitrifying and denitrifying activated sludge were analyzed by 16Sr DNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that influent TN was 60 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, COD/TN was 2.65, the nitrification effect of each flow rate was good, and the average ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 98.7%. When the flow ratio increased from 1:2 to 1:6, the m(COD)/m(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) of denitrification was increased, and the removal of average nitrate nitrogen reached its highest level at 1:6, which was 86.28%, and the removal of total nitrogen increased from 22.56% to 46.8%. An analysis of Illumina sequencing showed that nitrogen fixing bacteria Proteobacteria accounted for 30.9%, and the important nitrite oxidizing bacteria, Nitrospirae, accounted for 3.06%. At the genus level, Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira, belonging to the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) category and Nitrospira and Nitrobacter, belonging to the nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) category were detected. The ratio of AOB and NOB bacteria was high, which is consistent with good nitrification in the nitrification reactor. The dominant bacteria in denitrification sludge were Proteobacteria (53.13%), followed by Bacteroidetes (10.93%). A variety of bacteria related to denitrification were detected at the genus level, such as Dechloromonas, Thauera, Castellaniella, Alicycliphilus, Azospira, Comamonas, Caldilinea, and Saccharibacteria. The proportion of denitrifying bacteria was 25.91% as denitrifying bacteria microbial species were rich in the denitrifying sludge, giving a good denitrification effect.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Composite membranes - Computational electromagnetics - Denitrification - Gene encoding - Nitrification - Nitrogen fixation - Nitrogen removal - Throughput - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Flow ratios - High-throughput sequencing - N enrichments - Nitrification/denitrification - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Separation characteristics - Structural characteristics
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9  Biology - 701  Electricity and Magnetism - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 6.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.09e+01%, Percentage 2.26e+01% to 4.68e+01%, Percentage 2.59e+01%, Percentage 3.06e+00%, Percentage 3.09e+01%, Percentage 5.31e+01%, Percentage 8.63e+01%, Percentage 9.87e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707018

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 166>

Accession number:20183905856832
Title:Treatment of the Waste Gas Containing Methyl tert-Butyl Ether via a Biotrickling Filter
Authors:Chu, Qi-Ying (1); Yao, Lu-Lu (1); L&uuml;, Xiong-Biao (2); Ye, Jie-Xu (1); Ye, Hong-Ni (1); Pan, Liang-Zhu (1); Chen, Jian-Meng (1); Chen, Dong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310032, China; (2) Feierte Environmental Engineering Company Limited of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou; 310014, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Dong-Zhi(cdz@zjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:633-639
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The performance and microbial communities of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) treatment using a biotrickling filter (BTF) that was inoculated with activated sewage sludge were investigated. The BTF successfully started up within 23 days when the inlet concentration of MTBE was 100 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and empty bed retention time was 60 s, with 70% removal efficiency (RE). Under steady-state conditions, an elimination capacity (EC) and a mineralization ratio of 13.47 g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 68% were achieved, respectively. The EC<inf>max</inf> was 21.03 g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> according to the Haldane model, and a K<inf>S</inf> of 0.16 g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and K<inf>I</inf> of 0.99 g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> were obtained. High-throughput sequencing was used to identify the community structure of the mixed microbial consortium in the BTF. The results indicated that Methylibium sp. (11.33%) and Blastocatella sp. (9.95%) were the dominant bacteria.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Waste treatment
Controlled terms:Biofilters - Ethers - Filtration - Kinetics - Sewage sludge
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-trickling filters - Elimination capacity - Empty bed retention time - High-throughput sequencing - Methyl tert butyl ether - Microbial communities - Mixed microbial consortium - Steady-state condition
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.13e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.95e+00%, Age 6.30e-02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703066

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 167>

Accession number:20183905856736
Title:Characterization and Variation of Organic Carbon (OC) and Elemental Carbon (EC) in PM<inf>2.5</inf> During the Winter in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Authors:Kang, Hui (1); Zhu, Bin (1); Wang, Hong-Lei (1); Shi, Shuang-Shuang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Bin(binzhu@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:961-971
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two hundred seventy-nine PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected from January 9, 2015 to January 31, 2015 in Lin'an, Nanjing, and Suzhou. They were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) following the thermal/optical reflection protocol. The pollution characteristics of OC and EC in PM<inf>2.5</inf> during the winter in the Yangtze River Delta were discussed in detail.The average mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the three sample sites were (123.56&plusmn;61.11), (144.77&plusmn;62.91), and (156.5&plusmn;68.97) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, which were in excess of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) 24-hr mass-based standard of 75 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The average mass concentration of OC and EC were (21.93&plusmn;11.69)/(6&plusmn;3.6), (20.32&plusmn;10.3)/(5.39&plusmn;3.07), and (27.08&plusmn;14.35)/(6.4&plusmn;4.29) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Lin'an, which is regarded as the background site for the atmospheric environment in the Yangtze River Delta, is also polluted seriously. The OC was strongly correlated with EC in Lin'an (R<sup>2</sup>=0.83), Nanjing (R<sup>2</sup>=0.72), and Suzhou (R<sup>2</sup>=0.72). This shows that the carbonaceous aerosols have similar sources during the winter in the Yangtze River Delta. All of the samples' OC/EC ratios exceeded 2.0, with the sample OC/EC ratios mainly distributed in the range of 2.5-6.0, indicating that coal combustion and vehicle exhaust are the main sources of OC and EC. The estimated mass concentrations of SOC were (9.23&plusmn;5.26), (6.82&plusmn;4.36), and (12.56&plusmn;7.52) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, which contributed 42%, 34%, and 46% to the OC, indicating that SOC is an important part of OC. Backward-trajectory shows that the mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OC, and EC have a good correlation with the transmission path of the main air mass. The mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OC, and EC controlled by the air mass from poor air quality areas are 1.14-1.7 times, 1.55-2.1 times, and 1.94-2.47 times higher than that in the air mass from good air quality areas.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:57
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Air quality - Coal combustion - Organic carbon - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Ambient air quality standards - Atmospheric environment - Backward trajectory - Carbonaceous aerosol - Concentration distributions - Elemental carbon - PM2.5 - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.40e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706178

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 168>

Accession number:20183905856509
Title:Bioavailability of Silicon Fertilizer Coupled Water Management on Soil Bioavailability and Cumulative Control of Rice in Compound Contaminated Paddy Soils
Authors:Li, Yuan-Xing-Lu (1, 2); Ye, Chang-Cheng (1, 2); Liu, Yu-Ling (1, 2); Li, Dan-Yang (1, 2); Liu, Shou-Tao (1, 2); Luo, Hai-Yan (1, 2); Liu, Xiao-Li (1, 2); Tie, Bo-Qing (1, 2); Sun, Jian (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Efficient Utilization of Heavy Metal Pollution Cultivated, Changsha; Hunan Province; 410013, China; (3) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Tie, Bo-Qing(tiebq@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:944-952
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of wet irrigation (CK), agronomic measure flooding (WF), instantaneous silicon fertilizer combined with flooding measures (FYsi), mineral silicon fertilizer combined with flooding measures (FKsi), and a mix of two kinds of silicon fertilizer combined with flooding measures (FYK) on the bio-availability of As and Cd in soil and the accumulation of As and Cd in rice were investigated by pot experiments. The results showed that the pH of the soils combined with flooding measures was increased by 0.12-0.72 units with similar trends of an increase and then a decrease before finally become neutral. The Eh of the soil combined with flooding was significantly decreased, but the Eh of soil after flooding treated by FYsi, FKsi, and FYK combined with the flooding was significantly higher than that treated by WF, and the content of Cd in brown rice was reduced by 38.83%-65.05% compared with that treated by CK. The WF and FYK treatments can significantly reduce the accumulation of Cd in brown rice, resulting in the lowest Cd contents in brown rice of 0.98 and 0.72 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The contents of As in brown rice treated by FYsi, FKsi, and FYK were decreased by 23.80%, 38.10%, and 47.62%, respectively, compared with that with the CK treatment, except that the content of As in brown rice treated by WF increased by 36.64%. FYsi and FYK treatments had the best inhibitory effect on the accumulation of As in brown rice, with the lowest As contents of 0.13 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.11 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> in brown rice (P &lt;0.01), respectively. There was an extremely significant correlation between the contents of extractable Cd and the total content of Cd in the brown rice (P &lt;0.05), and there was no significant difference between the contents of extractable As and the total content of As in the brown rice. Therefore, FYsi, FKsi, and FYK can effectively inhibit the accumulation of Cd and As in rice grown in Cd-As compound polluted soil, and FYK showed the best performance.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Arsenic - Arsenic compounds - Bioaccumulation - Biochemistry - Cadmium - Cadmium compounds - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Fertilizers - Floods - Oil well flooding  - Silicon - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-availability - Combined pollutions - Inhibitory effect - Paddy soils - Polluted soils - Pot experiment - Soil bioavailabilities - Total content
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 511.1  Oil Field Production Operations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.38e+01%, Percentage 3.66e+01%, Percentage 3.81e+01%, Percentage 3.88e+01% to 6.50e+01%, Percentage 4.76e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707011

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 169>

Accession number:20183905856815
Title:Quantification of the Influence of Industrial Emissions on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Using PMF Model: A Case Study of Jiangbei Industrial Zone in Nanjing
Authors:Hu, Kun (1); Wang, Ming (1, 2); Zheng, Jun (1, 2); Wang, Hong-Li (3); Lu, Xing-Dong (1, 4); Jing, Sheng-Ao (3); Chen, Chao (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (4) Nanjing Intelligent Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., Nanjing; 211800, China; (5) Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Station, Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ming(wangmingmelon@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:493-501
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are important precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosol. The effect of industrial emissions on ambient VOC concentrations in the Jiangbei Industrial Zone in Nanjing was evaluated using the ambient VOCs measurements taken at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) during March 2017. The monitoring data showed that the sum of 92 measured VOCs (TVOCs) ranged from 10.3&times;10<sup>-9</sup> to 200.5&times;10<sup>-9</sup>. Some VOC species, such as ethylene, propene, benzene, styrene, and dichloromethane had abnormally high values. Positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was used to identify the main sources of VOCs. The results showed that industrial emissions on average accounted for 50.0% of TVOCs, while petrochemical industry, chemical industry, and paints &amp; solvents use accounted for 14.9%, 19.3% and 15.8%, respectively. During a VOC pollution episode, the contribution of industrial emissions reached 74.9%. The direction of industrial sources was determined by combining the wind speed and wind direction data.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Chemical industry - Dichloromethane - Ethylene - Factorization - Gas chromatography - Styrene - Volatile organic compounds - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Industrial sources - Nanjing - Petrochemical industry - Pollution episodes - Positive matrix factorization models - Science and Technology - Secondary organic aerosols - Source analysis
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 805  Chemical Engineering, General - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.49e+01%, Percentage 1.49e+01%, Percentage 1.58e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708254

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 170>

Accession number:20183905856765
Title:Characteristic of Nitrate Adsorption in Aqueous Solution by Iron and Manganese Oxide/Biochar Composites
Authors:Zheng, Xiao-Qing (1); Wei, An-Lei (1); Zhang, Yi-Xuan (1); Shi, Liang-Yu (1); Zhang, Xiao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710127, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, An-Lei(alwei@nwu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1220-1232
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, we synthesized Fe/Mn bimetallic oxide coated biochar sorbents by pyrolysis of wheat straw impregnated with ferric chloride and potassium permanganate and investigated their potential to adsorb nitrate in water. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests that Fe(&#8546;)/Mn(&#8547;) bimetallic oxide particles emerge on the sorbents. The optimized sorbent could achieve a specific surface area of 153.116 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and a point of zero charge of 9.76. Batch nitrate adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of various factors, such as sorbent dosage, initial solution pH, and co-existing anions. Results show that the sorbent maintained a high adsorption capacity of 75.40%-78.70% over a wide range of pH from 1.00 to 9.05, and the sorption mechanism was interpreted as ligand exchange. The effects of co-existing anions on the nitrate sorption followed the decreasing order of Cl<sup>-</sup>&gt;SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&gt;PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model, and the sorbent could exhibit a quite competitively high capacity of 37.361 3 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> for nitrate removal. In addition, the accordance of sorption kinetics with the pseudo-second order model implied that the sorption could be a multi-stage controlled chemical process. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption reaction could be a spontaneous and endothermic process. The results demonstrated that the Fe/Mn bimetallic oxide coated biochar could serve as a promising agent for nitrate removal from water.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Iron oxides
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Adsorption isotherms - Chlorination - Chlorine compounds - Manganese oxide - Nitrates - Nitrogen removal - Potash - Potassium chloride - Scanning electron microscopy  - Solutions - Sorbents - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - High adsorption capacity - Nitrate adsorptions - Point of zero charge - Potassium permanganate - Pseudo-second order model - Sorption kinetics - Thermodynamic parameter
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.54e+01% to 7.87e+01%, Specific_Surface_Area 1.53e+05m2/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704216

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 171>

Accession number:20183905856744
Title:Emission Characteristics of Wind Erosion Dust from Topsoil of Urban Roadside-Tree Pool
Authors:Li, Bei-Bei (1, 2); Qin, Jian-Ping (2); Qi, Li-Rong (3); Yang, Tao (2); Qu, Song (2); Shi, Ai-Jun (2); Huang, Yu-Hu (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (3) Beijing Productivity Center, Beijing; 100088, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yu-Hu(huangyuhu@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1031-1039
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study characterized the wind erosion dust emissions from topsoil of urban roadside-tree pool. The study area is the Xicheng District of Beijing and uses GIS to obtain the spatial distribution of various road mileages. A full bore investigation method was carried out to survey tree pool in the Zhanlanlu Subdistrict to obtain the activity level of tree pool in the Xicheng district. The portable in situ wind erosion laboratory (PI-SWERL) was used to determine the emission factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf> from the wind erosion dust from tree pool and to estimate the PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission inventory of tree pool in the Xicheng District in 2016. The results showed that: &#9312;The annual emission factors per unit area of PM<inf>2.5</inf> from tree pool of freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, and alleys are 47.9, 7.9, 14.9, and 29.9 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The reduction rate of PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission factors from tree pool by precipitation was about 30.3% in 2016. &#9313;The annual emission factors per unit mileage of PM<inf>2.5</inf> from the tree pool of freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, branch roads, and alleys are 2.57, 2.33, 4.04, 7.31, and 5.44 kg&bull;(km&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and the factors for branch roads are 1.3, 1.8, 2.8, and 3.1 times as much as those for alleys, minor roads, freeways' frontage roads, and major roads, respectively. Taking the emission factor for minor roads as an example, the winter emission factor is 1.3, 7.3, and 8.7 times greater than that in the spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. &#9314;PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions from the tree pool in the Xicheng District of Beijing are 1.60 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, and the uncertainty range of the emission inventory is -143%~184%. The emissions in winter are 0.68 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, which are 1.1, 1.42, and 5.1 times greater than that in the spring, summer, and fall, respectively. The emission values for freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, collectors, and alleys account for 5.6%, 8.7%, 23.2%, 4.1%, and 58.4% of the total emissions, respectively. It is recommended that the urban roadside-tree pool be covered to reduce wind erosion dust emissions with materials that do not affect the growth of trees as soon as possible.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Forestry
Controlled terms:Dust - Erosion - Lakes - Roadsides - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Emission characteristics - Emission factors - Emission inventories - Investigation methods - Roadside trees - Urban roadsides - Wind erosions - Winter emissions
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 406  Highway Engineering - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.32e+01%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+00%, Percentage 5.60e+00%, Percentage 5.84e+01%, Percentage 8.70e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708109

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 172>

Accession number:20183905856768
Title:Removal Efficiency and Mechanism of Removal by Humic Acid of the Integrated Floc-ultrafiltration Process
Authors:Li, Wen-Jiang (1, 2); Yu, Li-Fang (1); Miao, Rui (1); Ma, Bai-Wen (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Bai-Wen(bwma@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1248-1255
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the integrated ultrafiltration (UF) membrane process has been widely used due to its high removal efficiency, slight membrane fouling, and small land use. However, a number of problems gradually occurred regarding the integrated UF process caused by the granular adsorbents used, such as powdered activated carbon, carbon nano-tube, nanoscale zerovalent iron, etc. Severe membrane surface damage was easily caused by these granular adsorbents after a long running time, and the cost of most adsorbents was very high. In this study, to effectively overcome these problems, cheap and loose aluminum hydrolyzed flocs were directly injected into the membrane tank in the presence of humic acid (HA), with the aim of investigating the removal efficiency of HA and the corresponding membrane behavior. The results showed that the removal efficiency of HA could be influenced by aeration mode, floc injection frequency, and floc dosage. Compared with intermittent aeration and one-time injection, a loose "protection membrane" layer was formed with continuous aeration and batch injections. Therefore, HA molecules were largely removed, leading to the dramatic alleviation of membrane fouling. The transmembrane pressure significantly increased to 74.8 kPa in the absence of flocs after running for 5 days, but that only increased by 6.3 kPa with continuous aeration and an injection frequency of once every 2 d (each addition consisted of 5.4 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> flocs) after running for 8 days. The removal efficiency of HA was 73.3% (8 d), which was much higher than in the absence of flocs (5 d, 32.1%). Additionally, only a few HA molecules were adsorbed onto the membrane pores with the batch injections, and a loose cake layer was the main fouling mechanism. With higher dosages of flocs injected each time, the average membrane pore diameter was larger after washing. Based on this excellent performance, this floc-integrated UF membrane technology indeed shows large application potential in water treatment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Membrane technology
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Activated carbon treatment - Biological materials - Carbon nanotubes - Chemical water treatment - Efficiency - Land use - Membrane fouling - Molecules - Organic acids  - Ultrafiltration
Uncontrolled terms:Alum-based flocs - Humic acid - Nanoscale zero-valent iron - Powdered activated carbon - Removal mechanism - Transmembrane pressures - Ultrafiltration membranes - Ultrafiltration process
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 761  Nanotechnology - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.37e-02yr, Age 2.19e-02yr, Molar_Concentration 5.40e+00mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 3.21e+01%, Pressure 6.30e+03Pa, Pressure 7.48e+04Pa
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706137

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 173>

Accession number:20183905856822
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Emission Coefficient of Volatile Organic Compounds from Auto/motorcycle Parts &amp; Accessories Manufacturing in Zhejiang Province
Authors:Yang, Zhong-Ping (1); Wang, Zhe-Ming (2); He, Zhi-Qiao (1); Xu, Zhi-Rong (2); Teng, Fu-Hua (2); Zhang, Hua-Yue (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (2) Zhejiang Province Academy of Environmental Science, Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Zhi-Rong(zhirong.x@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:551-556
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The status of volatile organic compound (VOC) treatment in auto/motorcycle parts &amp; accessories manufacturing in Zhejiang province was analyzed based on data from a survey investigating 70 concerned enterprises conducted in 2015. The pollution characteristics were further explored and the emission coefficient of VOCs released from this industry was preliminarily calculated by analyzing the survey data of 56 of the typical enterprises that had been screened further. The results showed that about two thirds of the enterprises had been equipped with collection and treatment facilities, but most of those facilities were running abnormally. Solvent-based materials were used commonly in this industry, and the main VOCs pollutants were xylene, butyl acetate, cyclohexanone, acetic ether, and toluene. The VOCs emission coefficient of auto/motorcycle parts &amp; accessories manufacturing in Zhejiang was 414 g&bull;(thousand yuan)<sup>-1</sup>, whereas the emission coefficient of the enterprises producing parts &amp; accessories for only auto was 294 g&bull;(thousand yuan)<sup>-1</sup>. As for the the enterprises producing parts &amp; accessories for only motorcycle and for both auto and motorcycle, the emission coefficient reached 715 g&bull;(thousand yuan)<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Gas chromatography
Controlled terms:Manufacture - Motorcycles - Organic solvents - Painting - Pollution - Surveys - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Butyl acetate - Cyclohexanones - Emission characteristics - Emission coefficient - Material balance - Solvent-based materials - Volatile organic compound (VOC) - Zhejiang Province
Classification code:537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 662.2  Smaller Vehicles - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.1  Coating Techniques
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201701187

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 174>

Accession number:20183905856505
Title:Characterization of Phosphorus in Urban Surface Soils in Kaifeng City and Its Risk of Loss
Authors:Bai, Xiu-Ling (1, 2); Ma, Jian-Hua (1, 2); Sun, Yan-Li (3); Liu, De-Xin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Natural Resources and Environment, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475004, China; (2) College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475004, China; (3) Department of Urban and Environmental Science, Xuchang University, Xuchang; 461000, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Jian-Hua(mjh@henu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:909-915
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Characterization of phosphorus (P) and its risk of loss in urban soils in Kaifeng City, Henan Province were studied through field sampling and laboratory experiments. The spatial distribution of P and the map of risk of loss were obtained using geostatistical and spatial analysis techniques. The P content in urban soils ranged from 400 to 1 427 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, the proportions of inorganic P in total P ranged from 65% to 99%, and Olsen-P and CaCl<inf>2</inf>-P in soils were 3.41-115.03 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.01-9.40 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The composition of P was consistent in different urban areas and P concentrations were higher in residential areas. Spatial variations in P concentrations in soils were significant; the concentrations of P in eastern Kaifeng City were higher than those in western Kaifeng and the highest concentrations were detected in central Kaifeng. Olsen-P can be used as an indicator of the leaching risk of soil P. The critical value of leaching P from the soil was 22.18 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and the concentration of Olsen-P in 33.64% of urban soil samples exceeded the critical value. The highest risk of P loss existed in central Kaifeng City.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Phosphorus compounds
Controlled terms:Characterization - Chlorine compounds - Leaching - Phosphorus - Risk assessment - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Geostatistical - Henan Province - Kaifeng - Laboratory experiments - Residential areas - Spatial analysis - Spatial variations - Urban soils
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.36e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01% to 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707071

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 175>

Accession number:20183905856779
Title:Influence of Ciprofloxacin on the Microbial Community and Antibiotics Resistance Genes in a Membrane Bioreactor
Authors:Dai, Qi (1); Liu, Rui (1); Liang, Yu-Ting (2); Shu, Xiao-Ming (1); Xu, Can-Can (1); Chen, L&uuml;-Jun (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment in Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing; Zhejiang; 314006, China; (2) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Rui(liuruitsinghuazj@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1333-1341
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to treat ciprofloxacin (CIP)-contaminated artificial wastewater. The microbial community structure and the abundance of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in the MBR were studied at four CIP dosages (0, 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 15 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The results showed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes remained the dominant phylum, with relative abundances of 57.5% and 12.7%, respectively, as the dosage of CIP was increased from 0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 15 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Rhodocyclaceae, Chitinophagaceae, and Comamonadaceae became the dominant family with abundances of 29.96%, 5.44%, and 6.60%, respectively. Methyloversatilis, Ferruginibacter, Zoogloea, and Comamonas became the dominant genus, with relative abundances of 21.70%, 7.56%, 5.24%, and 4.15%, respectively. The decrease of Chao1, ACE, and Shannon and the increase of Simpson indicated a decrease in microbial abundance and diversity. The relative abundances of Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Alcaligenes, and Nitrobacter decreased, which caused a decrease in the NH<inf>3</inf>-N removal rate. A CIP-ARGs analysis revealed that the relative abundances of gyrA, gyrB, and parC were increased, beginning after the sludge was dosed with 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>of CIP for 33 days, which augmented the risk for microbial drug-resistance.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Bioreactors
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Antibiotics - Bioconversion - Drug therapy - Genes - Microorganisms - Risk assessment - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium nitrogen - Antibiotic-resistant genes - Ciprofloxacin - Membrane bio reactor (MBR) - Microbial communities
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.17e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 4.15e+00%, Percentage 5.24e+00%, Percentage 5.44e+00%, Percentage 5.75e+01%, Percentage 6.60e+00%, Percentage 7.56e+00%, Age 9.04e-02yr, Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 1.50e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.27e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706179

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 176>

Accession number:20183905856743
Title:A 2013-based Atmospheric Ammonia Emission Inventory and Its Characteristic of Spatial Distribution in Henan Province
Authors:Wang, Chen (1); Yin, Sha-Sha (1); Yu, Shi-Jie (1); Wei, Jun-Hua (1); Gu, Xing-Ke (1); Gong, Mi-Mi (1); Zhang, Rui-Qin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou; 450001, China 
Corresponding author:Yin, Sha-Sha(shashayin@zzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1023-1030
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the best available activity data at a city level from top down and bottom up methods, a 2013-based emission inventory of NH<inf>3</inf> was established for the Henan Province using an emission factors method. The 3 km&times;3 km spatial gridded distribution was carried out by using GIS technology. The results showed that the total amount of atmospheric NH<inf>3</inf> emission in Henan Province in 2013 was 1 035.3 kt, and the average emission intensity reached levels of 6.4 t/km<sup>2</sup>. Livestock and nitrogen fertilizer applications were the top two emission sources, accounting for 52.71% and 31.53% of the total emissions, respectively. Beef, laying hen, and goats were the main contributors in the livestock category, accounting for 34.98%, 16.63%, and 14.02% of the total emissions, respectively. There were different characteristics between emission source contributions and emission intensities in each city. Nanyang, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, and Zhumadian were the prefecture-level cities with large emissions, accounting for 11.53%, 9.84%, 9.62%, and 9.57% of the total amount in Henan Province, respectively. The NH<inf>3</inf> emission intensities of Puyang and Louhe were larger than those of other cities, reaching up to 10.7 t&bull;km<sup>-2</sup> and 10.2 t&bull;km<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. The spatial distribution revealed that emissions in the middle eastern region were relatively higher; whereas, the western region emissions were relatively low. The areas with high emissions were concentrated in the plains and densely populated areas.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonia - Nitrogen fertilizers - Plutonium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric ammonia - Bottom up methods - Emission factors - Emission intensity - Emission inventories - Fertilizer applications - Gridded allocation - Livestock
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.15e+01%, Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 1.66e+01%, Percentage 3.15e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 5.27e+01%, Percentage 9.57e+00%, Percentage 9.62e+00%, Percentage 9.84e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706103

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 177>

Accession number:20183905856846
Title:Mechanism on Enhanced Nitrogen Removal in Municipal Secondary Effluent via Internal-Electrolysis Constructed Wetlands at Low Temperature in Winter
Authors:Zheng, Xiao-Ying (1); Zhu, Xing (1); Wang, Ju (2); Zhou, Xiang (1); Xu, Ya-Dong (2); Wei, Cheng (2); Gao, Ya-Jie (1); Zhou, Gan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) Water Resources Service Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210029, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:758-764
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Aiming at the low pollutant removal efficiency of constructed wetlands (CWs) at low temperature in winter, three laboratory-scale vertical-flow CWs, namely unplanted CWs, ordinary CWs, and internal-electrolysis CWs, were used to investigate the nitrogen removal efficiency of municipal secondary effluent when the water temperature was 3-12&#8451;. Moreover, the mechanism of enhanced denitrification of the new wetland was revealed through analysis of the microbial community diversity and community structure. The results showed that the internal-electrolysis CWs could make better use of the carbon sources in the municipal secondary effluent and had a higher removal rate. The effluent TN concentration was maintained at about (9&plusmn;0.29) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The average TN removal rate was 42.27%, which was 17.91% and 17.33% higher than those of the unplanted CWs and ordinary CWs, respectively. The microbial activity was detected using fluorescein diacetate (FDA), and the result revealed that the microbial activity of the internal-electrolysis CWs could reach 0.224 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which was 2.6 times and 3.4 times of that of the unplanted CWs and ordinary CWs, respectively. The microbial denitrification intensity of the internal-electrolysis CWs was 2.8 times and 3.3 times of that of the unplanted and ordinary CWs, respectively. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the microbial community diversity of the internal electrolysis CWs was higher than those of the unplanted and ordinary CWs. Denitrification microorganisms were detected, mainly Dechloromonas, Rhizobium, Hyphomicrobium, and Rhodobacter, as well as Thiobacillus, which is an autotrophic denitrifying bacterium. There were obvious advantages in the total amount of denitrifying microorganisms in the internal-electrolysis CWs, as the denitrification microorganisms accounted for 7.13% of the total microbial biomass, which was 3.8 times and 8.7 times of that of the unplanted CWs and ordinary CWs, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Temperature
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Denitrification - Efficiency - Effluents - Electrolysis - Nitrogen removal - Water pollution - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Constructed wetlands - Denitrifying microorganisms - High-throughput sequencing - Low temperatures - Microbial characteristics - Municipal secondary effluents - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Pollutant removal efficiency
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.73e+01%, Percentage 1.79e+01%, Percentage 4.23e+01%, Percentage 7.13e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704155

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 178>

Accession number:20183905856750
Title:Sources, Distribution of Main Controlling Factors, and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment for Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediment of Hainan Island North Bay, South China
Authors:Zeng, Wei-Te (1, 2, 3, 4); Yang, Yong-Peng (4); Zhang, Dong-Qiang (5); Liu, Bing (1, 3); Zhang, Hang-Fei (6); Wu, Duo-Yu (6); Wang, Xiao-Lin (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hainan Marine Geological Survey, Haikou; 570206, China; (2) College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (3) Hainan Bureau of Geology, Haikou; 570206, China; (4) Hainan Geological Survey, Haikou; 570206, China; (5) Hainan Geological Comprehensive Survey, Haikou; 570206, China; (6) Hainan Geological Survey and Designing Institute, Haikou; 570206, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Dong-Qiang(zhangdongqiang83@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1085-1094
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The distribution characteristics of the content of As, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cd were researched based on the geochemical analysis of 159 surface sediment samples in Haikou Bay, Puqian Bay, Dongzhai Harbor, and Mulan Bay Mathematical statistics methods were used to interpret the sources of heavy metals, and the main controlling factors for heavy metal distribution were confirmed, having been analyzed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. The results showed that the average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn were 8.40, 0.06, 32.50, 8.32, 0.02, 18.77, and 35.87 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. High contents of Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn are mainly distributed in estuaries and harbors. The content of As increased gradually from south to north in the research area, while Cd gathered mainly in Haikou Bay. The source of Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, Cr, and Cd in sediment was terrestrial input, which was controlled by anthropogenic pollution and migration of weathered products from mother rock. The source of As could be overseas material input. The grain size of sediment was the main factor controlling the contents of Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, and Cr, and it was found that sediments with a finer grain size have more heavy metals adsorbed. The high As content was controlled mainly by the natural geological background factor, while the content of Cd reflected the difference in regional pollution caused by differing development in cities. Three surface sediment samples were evaluated as class &#8545; of the National Marine Sediment Standard due to the content of As, while six surface sediment samples were evaluated as class &#8545; due to the content of Cr, of which the pollution degree was moderate. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in all of the 159 sediment samples fall in the &#8544; class, of which the pollution degree is low. The degree of pollution for seven heavy metals were arranged in the following order: As&gt;Cr&gt;Pb&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Cd&gt;Hg. The potential ecological risk assessment results indicated that all heavy metals in surface sediment caused low levels of pollution generally, and that each heavy metal element was at a low ecological risk level. The order for the ecological risk of the seven heavy metals was: As&gt;Hg&gt;Cd&gt;Pb&gt;Cu&gt;Cr&gt;Zn; therefore, As was the main ecological risk factor. In general, the potential ecological risk for heavy metals was low, which illustrated that the marine environment in the study area was excellent.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Analytical geochemistry - Grain size and shape - Heavy metals - Marine pollution - Rock products - Statistics - Submarine geology - Surficial sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Controlling factors - Distribution - Ecological risk assessment - Hainan island - North bay - Source
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 471.1  Oceanography, General - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 505  Mines and Mining, Nonmetallic - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801  Chemistry - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705159

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 179>

Accession number:20183905856838
Title:Spatio-temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of the Relationship Between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> in Beijing
Authors:Yang, Wen-Tao (1, 2); Yao, Shi-Qi (3); Deng, Min (4); Wang, Yan-Jun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan; 411201, China; (2) National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Geo-spatial Information Technology, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan; 411201, China; (3) Geographic Resource Management Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 999077, Hong Kong; (4) Department of Geo-informatics, School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China 
Corresponding author:Yao, Shi-Qi(shiqi_yao@outlook.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:684-690
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Spatio-temporal distribution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and variations in the relationship between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and other pollutants are the main components of PM<inf>2.5</inf>spatio-temporal statistical analysis. Existing methods directly analyze spatio-temporal distribution based on monitoring data; thus, it is difficult to effectively reveal the aggregation structure of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations. Geographically weighted regression, commonly used to model the relationships between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and other pollutants, cannot accurately describe the spatio-temporal variability of dependency. In this study, the clustering structure of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations in Beijing was identified using the spatial clustering algorithm and the seasonal distribution characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> were analyzed based on the clustering results. The relationship between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> was modeled by geographically and temporally weighted regression and the spatio-temporal variability of dependency was analyzed according to the regression results. The results showed that PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution levels and spatial variability were lower in spring and summer than those in autumn and winter and the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in each season was characterized by low spatial distribution in the north and high spatial distribution in the south. Geographically and temporally weighted regression showed better performance; the correlations between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> in spring and summer are weaker than those in autumn and winter and the correlation between PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> in the northwest is stronger than that in the southeast in each season.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Clustering algorithms - Pollution - Regression analysis - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Fuzzy C means clustering - PM2.5 - Spatial clustering - Spatiotemporal distributions - Weighted regression
Classification code:903.1  Information Sources and Analysis - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201703222

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 180>

Accession number:20183905856839
Title:Quantification of Methane Ebullition Flux from Small Ponds Using the Inverted-Funnel Method
Authors:Zhang, Xiu-Fang (1); Xiao, Wei (1, 2); Zhang, Mi (1); Wang, Wei (1); Zhao, Jia-Yu (1); Hu, Yong-Bo (1); Xie, Cheng-Yu (1); Zhang, Zhen (1); Xie, Yan-Hong (1); Huang, Wen-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Wei(wei.xiao@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:691-702
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To quantify the ratio of CH<inf>4</inf> ebullition to total flux in subtropical shallow ponds, the CH<inf>4</inf> flux at the water-air interface was measured using the inverted-funnel and water equilibrium methods in two small ponds in Quanjiao, Anhui Province from July 28 to August 13, 2016. The average CH<inf>4</inf> ebullition fluxes were 121.78 and 161.08 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and the average diffusion fluxes were 3.38 and 3.79 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> over pond A and pond B, respectively. The ebullition flux accounted for 97.5% and 96.4% of the total flux over pond A and pond B, respectively. Methane ebullition ranged from 0.11 to 446.90 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> over pond A and from 0.05 to 607.51 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> over pond B. Gas ebullition rate during the day was higher than that at night and was controlled by wind speed. Methane ebullition flux was influenced by wind speed over the shallow pond at hourly scale and by water depth and wind speed at daily scale, with positive correlation with wind speed and negative correlation with water depth. Varying with latitude, methane ebullition flux was higher for the water bodies in the mid-latitude region compared to those in the high-latitude region. Direct observations of the methane ebullition flux over small ponds provide data support and theoretical reference to precisely estimate the contribution of inland water bodies to regional and global carbon cycle.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Methane - Phase interfaces - Ponds - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Diffusion fluxes - Direct observations - Equilibrium methods - High-latitude regions - Inverted funnel - Negative correlation - Positive correlations - Water-air interface
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.64e+01%, Percentage 9.75e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707117

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 181>

Accession number:20183905856424
Title:Stabilization Effects of Fe-Mn Binary Oxide on Arsenic and Heavy Metal Co-contaminated Soils Under Different pH Conditions
Authors:Fei, Yang (1, 2, 3); Yan, Xiu-Lan (1, 2); Li, Yong-Hua (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Yan, Xiu-Lan(yanxl@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1430-1437
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:pH is one of the most important factors affecting speciation and stabilization of arsenic and heavy metals in soil. In this study, Fe-Mn binary oxide (FMBO), synthesized by redox and precipitation reactions, was taken as the research object to evaluate its stabilization effects on As, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu in three types of soils under different pH conditions and to study the impacts on soil pH and buffering capacity. The results showed that the leaching concentrations of As and Pb were lower in the pH range of 3-9 (neutral and weak acidic) and 5-10 (neutral and weak alkaline); and Cd, Zn, and Cu were stable in the pH range of 7-11 (alkaline). The stability and stabilization effects of FMBO were better under alkaline conditions than acidic. In the optimal pH range, the optimum stabilization efficiency of FMBO could reach 92.7%, 100%, 97.0%, 88.7%, and 82.7% for As, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu, respectively. In addition, FMBO addition could increase soil pH and the acid buffering capacity moderately, which improved heavy metal stabilization and made it more suitable for acid soils and areas with more acid rain. From the correlation of contaminants and soil elements in the leachates, Fe played an important role in As stabilization, and pH had a great influence on the stabilization of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Stabilization
Controlled terms:Acid rain - Alkalinity - Arsenic - Binary alloys - Cobalt alloys - Copper - Heavy metals - Iron alloys - Iron oxides - Manganese alloys  - pH - pH effects - Redox reactions - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Buffering capacities - Fe-mn binary oxides - Heavy metal stabilization - Heavy metals in soil - Leaching concentrations - Precipitation reaction - Stability and stabilizations - Stabilization effects
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 543.2  Manganese and Alloys - 544.1  Copper - 545.2  Iron Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.27e+01%, Percentage 8.87e+01%, Percentage 9.27e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707101

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 182>

Accession number:20183905856851
Title:Screening Method of Priority Control Pollutants in Groundwater Based on Contamination Assessment
Authors:Zhao, Peng (1); He, Jiang-Tao (1); Wang, Man-Li (1); Huang, De-Liang (1); Wang, Lei (1); Liang, Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jiang-Tao(jthe@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:800-810
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Screening of priority control pollutants is an effective technical means for environmental management and environmental quality protection. Quick and efficient identification of pollutants is useful when attempting to prevent and control groundwater pollution. In order to explore a screening system for a set of priority pollutants that can be applied to regions with weak basic information, a screening method of priority pollutants based on contamination assessment is put forward in this paper. Based on the data of groundwater detection and analysis, using the evaluation method for pollution index classification, and combined with the pollution degree frequency score superposition method. The screening method of priority control pollutants in groundwater based on contamination assessment was established. This method was applied to the screening of pollutants in groundwater in the city of Golmud in Qinghai Province, China. The results were verified by using the screening system based on risk assessment, and the differences in the two systems are discussed. The results show that three categories of 10 kinds of chemical parameters, including TDS, total hardness, chloride, sulfate, sodium, fluorine, total iron, pyrene, phenanthrene, and aluminum, were determined as priority control pollutants in the Golmud region. It was consistent with the results of the screening method based on the risk assessment, and the screening results were reliable. The method based on risk assessment is complex and requires additional basic information, but it has certain foresight and is suitable for regions with abundant basic data. The method based on contamination assessment is simple and convenient and requires less abundant basic data. However, it is easily affected by background values. It is more suitable for the screening of priority control pollutants in regions with weak pollution source information.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Groundwater pollution
Controlled terms:Aluminum chloride - Chlorine compounds - Contamination - Environmental management - Groundwater - Pollution control - Quality control - Risk assessment - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical parameters - Contamination assessment - Environmental quality - Groundwater detection - Priority control - Priority pollutants - Screening methods - Superposition method
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 454.1  Environmental Engineering, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706283

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 183>

Accession number:20183905856842
Title:Characteristics of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) in Rivers of Western Sichuan Plateau Based on EEM-PARAFAC Analysis
Authors:Liu, Yan-Yang (1); Qin, Ji-Hong (2); Liu, Chen (3); Sun, Hui (1); Tang, Xiang-Yu (3); Fan, Shi-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Sichuan Research Center for Soil Environment Protection Engineering and Technology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) Department of Environmental Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu; 610106, China; (3) Institute of Mountain Hazard and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Hui(sunhuifiles@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:720-728
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Alpine meadows and wetlands of western Sichuan plateau are essential organic carbon pools for Tibetan plateau; thus, a thorough understanding of the characteristics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and its association with soil carbon storage pool helps to reveal the flux and intensity of DOC export in the area. Surface water samples were collected from three rivers (the upper reaches of Min River, Zagunao River, and Fubian River) in the alpine-gorge region and Bai River in the plateau planation surface distributed among the watersheds in western Sichuan plateau, Southwest China. UV absorbance and EEM fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used to characterize chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). PARAFAC produced a three-component model: C<inf>1</inf>(260/480) and C<inf>2</inf>(310/420) represented terrestrial humic-like fluorophores, and C<inf>3</inf>(280/370) belonged to tyrosine-like substances. The total fluorescence intensity of CDOM in the alpine-gorge region showed fewer changes along the rivers and was lower than that of the Bai River in the hilly plateau. The Bai River had much higher concentrations of humic-like substances (C<inf>1</inf>,C<inf>2</inf>) compared to the other three rivers, indicating its terrestrial sources with high humification degree originated from meadows and watersheds along the river. The calculated fluorescence indices (FI, BIX, HIX, &beta;:&alpha;) showed that CDOM in the alpine-gorge region was a mixture with both autochthonous and allochthonous origins with low humification degree, while CDOM in the plateau planation surface had a higher degree of humification and lower extent of degradation. Statistical analysis showed that the C<inf>1</inf> and C<inf>2</inf> components in four rivers were significantly positively correlated, and C<inf>1</inf>, C<inf>2</inf> and C<inf>3</inf> components in Bai River were significantly positively correlated. &beta;:&alpha; and BIX were significantly positively correlated in four rivers, but there was no significant correlation between DOC and CDOM [a(355)].<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biodegradation - Biogeochemistry - Dissolution - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Organic carbon - Water analysis - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter - Dissolved organic carbon - Fluorescence intensities - Humic-like substances - Natural waters - PARAFAC - Parallel factor analysis - Western Sichuan
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708208

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 184>

Accession number:20183905856758
Title:Characteristics of Sediment Oxygen Demand in a Drinking Water Reservoir
Authors:Su, Lu (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (1); Li, Nan (1); Zhang, Hai-Han (1); Wen, Gang (1); Li, Yang (1); Chen, Jia-Wei (1); Wang, Xiao-Jiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Ting-Lin(huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1159-1166
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the hypolimnetic layer during stratification periods and its deleterious effects on water quality have been widely observed. However, it is still difficult to comprehend conceptually the processes of oxygen consumption at the sediment-water interface. The research presented here is, therefore, based on an areal hypolimnetic oxygen demand (AHOD) model to address three key themes related to the sediment oxygen demand (SOD): &#9312; the characteristics of sediment and its influences on SOD; &#9313; evaluation of SOD with different turbulence levels overlying the sediment; and &#9314; the influence of microbial metabolic activity on SOD. Sediment samples were collected at the entrance to and over the basin area of Jinpen Reservoir, and a sediment-water experimental chamber was designed to achieve these goals. The results showed that, under quiescent conditions, the SOD<inf>5area</inf>(SOD at DO of 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) were 0.13 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.36 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> in the arm and basin, respectively. Under dynamic conditions, the slight mixing of the water column near the sediment induced an increase in SOD and resulted in a gradual shift from first-order to zero-order DO uptake. The organic matter content in the reservoir arm and profundal sediment were 44.43 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 45.12 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The microbial metabolic activity in the basin was stronger, and the total fluorescence intensity of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the profundal sediments was about 1.5 times that in the reservoir arm. These results suggest that SOD will be higher when microbial metabolic activity is stronger and organic matter content is higher in sediments. The oxygenation aeration techniques should be designed to meet the oxygen demand of the deep reservoir to provide a theoretical basis for improving the oxygenation efficiency.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Metabolism - Organic compounds - Oxygenation - Potable water - Reservoirs (water) - Sediments - Surface waters  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Biolog-Eco - Dissolved organic matters - EMMs - Fluorescence intensities - Metabolic activity - Oxygenation efficiency - Sediment oxygen demand - Sediment water interface
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706141

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 185>

Accession number:20183905856773
Title:Effect of Intermediate-Setting Aeration on the CANON Granular Sludge Process in the AUSB Reactor
Authors:Cheng, Shuo (1); Li, Dong (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 2); Li, Shuai (2); Cao, Rui-Hua (1); L&uuml;, Sai-Sai (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Dong(lidong2006@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1286-1293
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The impact of different aeration positions on startup and operation of the continuous flow CANON granular sludge process was considered by inoculating flocculent ANAMMOX activated sludge at room temperature (25&plusmn;1)&#8451; in two sets of AUSB reactors. The aeration unit of R1 was installed 0.3 m above the base, while the aeration unit of R2 was set at the bottom. R1 and R2 successfully developed the granule CANON process on the 43rd d and 56th d, respectively. The mean particle diameter of R1 granular sludge increased to 214.79 &mu;m, and the eigenvalue (&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;TN) was maintained at 0.128; whereas, the granular sludge size of R2 rose to 205.27 &mu;m with an eigenvalue maintained at 0.129. The nitrogen loading rate (NLR) was gradually increased in the low ammonia-nitrogen (90 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) wastewater within R1 and R2. This was more beneficial in R1, resulting in the persistent growth of CANON granular sludge and the enhancement of the systematic nitrogen removal rate (NRR). The average particle diameter of R1 rose to 507.46 &mu;m in 88 d, while NRR reached up to 0.277 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. R2 granule sludge particle size was 467.72 &mu;m after 108 d of cultivation, and achieved a 0.243 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>NRR, which was 87.73% of that in R1. During the course of steady operation, the specific anoxic/aerobic mode of R1 effectively suppressed NOB microbial activity, the eigenvalue remained around 0.127&plusmn;0.003, and the NRR of R1 was maintained at about (0.262&plusmn;0.019) kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. However, NOB was propagated observably in the continuously aerobic R2, whose eigenvalue rose to 0.136&plusmn;0.004, while NRR was merely (0.231&plusmn;0.015) kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> after 125 d of long-term operation. During the whole experiment period, the intermediate-setting aerated AUSB accelerated the formation of CANON granular sludge evolving from flocculent ANAMMOX sludge, and better nitrogen removal performance and operational stability were achieved.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Activated sludge process
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions - Granular materials - Granulation - Nitrogen removal - Particle size - Particles (particulate matter) - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:AUSB - Granular sludge - Mean particle diameter - Microbial activities - Nitrogen removal rates - Operational stability - Particle diameters - Removal performance
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 9.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.77e+01%, Size 2.05e-04m, Size 2.15e-04m, Size 3.00e-01m, Size 4.68e-04m, Size 5.07e-04m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708209

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 186>

Accession number:20183905856421
Title:Response of Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationships with Physicochemical Properties to Different Aged Coastal Reclamation Areas, Eastern China
Authors:Xie, Xue-Feng (1, 2); Pu, Li-Jie (1, 2); Wang, Qi-Qi (3); Zhu, Ming (1, 2); Wang, Xiao-Han (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection of Ministry of Land and Resources, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (3) Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210080, China 
Corresponding author:Pu, Li-Jie(ljpu@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1404-1412
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Land reclamation transforms a tidal flat from a marine ecosystem to terrestrial ecosystem, which significantly changes the soil ecosystem process, affecting the soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme is involved in almost all soil biochemical processes. Clarifying the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities can reveal the changes of soil quality after reclamation and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific regulation of the soil ecosystem. In this study, a total of 72 soil samples were collected from a coastal reclamation area with different years of reclamation (0, 7, 32, 40, and 63 a) in Rudong County. The changes in soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities within different reclamation years were analyzed by classical statistical analysis, and the relationship between soil enzyme activities and physicochemical properties was analyzed using a redundancy analysis. The results showed that longterm land reclamation had significant effects on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities. pH and electrical conductivity showed a decreasing trend after reclamation, while the content of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus showed a trend of "rapidly accumulate-gradually consume-accumulate again" with increasing years of reclamation. Compared with the bare flat area (0 a), amylase, dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase activity initially increased and then decreased with increasing years of reclamation, while urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were characterized by an increase-decrease-increase trend. Meanwhile, the enzyme activities within different reclamation ages were basically higher in surface soil than deep layers. Redundancy analysis revealed that the soil physicochemical properties explained 69.8% of the variation in soil enzyme activities, and an obvious relationship existed between pH, electronic conductivity, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soil enzyme activities (P&lt;0.01). The order of importance of soil physicochemical properties to soil enzyme activities was as follows: total nitrogen&gt;soil organic carbon&gt;pH&gt;total phosphorus&gt;electronic conductivity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Reclamation
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Ecosystems - Electric conductivity - Land reclamation - Land use - Nitrogen - Organic carbon - Phosphatases - Phosphorus - Redundancy  - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Acid phosphatase activities - Alkaline phosphatase activity - Electronic conductivity - Physicochemical property - Reclamation areas - Redundancy analysis - Soil enzyme activity - Soil physico-chemical properties
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2  Land Reclamation - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 701.1  Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.98e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707223

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 187>

Accession number:20183905856422
Title:Distribution, Sources, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils of the Central and Eastern Areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors:Zhou, Wen-Wen (1, 2); Li, Jun (2); Hu, Jian (3); Zhu, Zhao-Zhou (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geography and Environmental Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin; 300387, China; (2) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin; 300387, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang; 550002, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Jian(hujian@vip.skleg.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1413-1420
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Fifty-five soil samples were collected across the central and eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during July to August in 2013. These were analyzed for the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) called out by the USA EPA. The concentration characteristics, sources, and potential ecological risk assessment of the sixteen PAHs in the soils were investigated. The soils were extracted by ultrasonic extraction, purified by an HLB solid-phase extraction column, and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total PAH concentrations ranged from 40.47 to 1276.40 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean of 267.97 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Low-ring PAHs (two and three rings PAHs) were dominant in all samples, and the proportion of phenanthrene was the highest. The sources of PAHs were assessed by diagnostic ratios and a principal component analysis (PCA), which indicated that the main sources of the PAHs originated from petroleum and biomass combustion. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) concentration of benzopyrene-(a)-pyrene (TEQ<inf>BaP</inf>) in soils ranged from 3.73 to 79.32 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, with an average concentration of 12.84 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The TEQ<inf>BaP</inf> in 4% of the soil samplings exceeded the Dutch target reference value (33.00 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>), suggesting that a small portion of the soils in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau have potential ecological risk.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Air purification - Aromatization - Column chromatography - Combustion - Ecology - Extraction - Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbons - Mass spectrometry - Mineral oils  - Petroleum analysis - Phase separation - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological risk assessment - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometries (GC-MS) - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Potential ecological risk - Qinghai-Tibetan plateau - Solid-phase extraction columns - Source - Ultrasonic extraction
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 643  Space Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707207

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 188>

Accession number:20183905856855
Title:Mechanism of MgO/GAC Catalyzed Ozonation of Organic Compounds
Authors:Xu, Shan-Shan (1); Lin, Cun-Wang (1); Ding, Ya-Lei (1); Tong, Shao-Ping (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310032, China 
Corresponding author:Tong, Shao-Ping(sptong@zjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:838-843
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:MgO/granular activated carbon (MgO/GAC-1) was prepared via an impregnation method, and its activity in ozonation of diuron and acetic acid was investigated. MgO/GAC-1 was also compared in stability to the same catalyst prepared via precipitation according to the literature (MgO/GAC-2). The results showed that MgO/GAC-1 could increase efficiency of ozonation by 15%-35% in the process of degradation of diuron and acetic acid. When the pH of the solution was neutral or alkaline, MgO/GAC-1 could effectively retard the decrease in pH owing to formation of small molecular organic acids, thus ensuring the efficiency of ozone. When the pH of the solution was acidic, MgO/GAC-1 could increase the pH of the solution to a certain extent, thereby enhancing the efficiency of ozonation. The adjusting effect of pH value is the reason why MgO can significantly improve the efficiency of ozonation, a fact that was ignored in the relevant literature. Although MgO/GAC-1 had a larger specific surface area, MgO/GAC-1 had better activity in ozonation. A recycling test also indicated that MgO/GAC-1 had better stability, showing a good prospect for application.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Magnesia
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Activated carbon - Alkalinity - Convergence of numerical methods - Efficiency - Herbicides - Ozone - Ozonization - pH - Urea
Uncontrolled terms:Catalyzed ozonation - Diuron - Effect of pH - Impregnation methods
Classification code:801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering - 921.6  Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01% to 3.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 189>

Accession number:20183805835624
Title:Migration and Transformation of Mercury in Unsubmerged Soil and Sediment at One Typical Forest Reservoir in Southwest China
Title of translation:&#35199;&#21335;&#22320;&#21306;&#20856;&#22411;&#26862;&#26519;&#27700;&#24211;&#22303;&#22756;&#21644;&#27785;&#31215;&#29289;&#27742;&#30340;&#36801;&#31227;&#36716;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Sun, Tao (1); Ma, Ming (1); Wang, Yong-Min (1); An, Si-Wei (1); Wang, Ding-Yong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ding-Yong(dywang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1880-1887
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Mercury (Hg) has been regarded as a global pollutant due to its volatility and toxicity. The sediment in the reservoirs or lakes is an important compartment for Hg methylation and it has also been considered as a sensitive area of Hg. In this study, a typical forest reservoir surrounding by evergreen broad-leaved forest in Chongqing of southwest China was selected to investigate the migration and transformation of Hg in unsubmerged soil and sediment. The unsubmerged soil and sediment were also replaced to each other to observe the dynamics of THg and TMeHg concentrations in equilibrium processes. The results were as follows: &#9312; The THg and TMeHg mean concentrations in Dahonghai reservoir water were (1.89&plusmn;0.72) ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>and (0.13&plusmn;0.04) ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which were lower than the first class water quality standards in environmental quality standard of China and other reservoirs or lakes, implying that this study area did not affect by Hg pollution. Meanwhile, the THg and TMeHg mean concentrations in unsubmerged soil and sediment were also lower than those in other reservoirs or lakes. &#9313; Seasonal variations of THg and TMeHg concentrations in reservoir water and soil were both observed higher in warm seasons, and more obvious variations occurred for TMeHg which probably influenced by meteorological parameters, such as, temperature and rainfall. &#9314;Compared with unsubmerged soil, the THg and TMeHg mean concentrations in sediment were both elevated, suggesting the sediment was an important sink of Hg. While, the sediment would be a source of Hg (especially TMeHg) with a high THg and TMeHg level. &#9315; The THg and TMeHg mean concentrations in unsubmerged soil and sediment after situ replacement were equilibrated with ambient soil in a short time (one or two months), implying the hydro-fluctuation belt of reservoir promoting the geochemical cycle of Hg.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Lake pollution
Controlled terms:Alkylation - Forestry - Lakes - Mercury (metal) - Reservoirs (water) - Sediments - Soils - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Environmental quality standards - Equilibrium process - Evergreen broad-leaved forests - Geochemical cycles - Mean concentrations - Meteorological parameters - Seasonal variation - Water quality standard
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709051

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 190>

Accession number:20183805835621
Title:Characteristics of Iron Plaque and Its Heavy Metal Enrichment in Typical Mangrove Plants in Shenzhen Bay, China
Title of translation:&#28145;&#22323;&#28286;&#20856;&#22411;&#32418;&#26641;&#26893;&#29289;&#26681;&#34920;&#38081;&#33180;&#21450;&#20854;&#37325;&#37329;&#23646;&#23500;&#38598;&#29305;&#24449;
Authors:Shen, Xiao-Xue (1); Li, Rui-Li (1); Chai, Min-Wei (1); Qiu, Guo-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen; 518055, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Rui-Li(liruili@pkusz.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1851-1860
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the five typical mangrove species in the mangrove wetland of Shenzhen Bay, the contents and distributional characteristics of iron plaques (Fe) and the Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, As, Cr, Cd, Ni, Co, and Sb enrichment of the iron plaques on mangrove plant roots were investigated. The results show that: &#9312; There is a significant difference in the contents of iron plaques among the five mangrove species, and the contents in the species follow the order: Acanthus ilicifolius &gt;Aeagiceras corniculatum &gt;Bruguiera gymnorrhiza &gt;Kandelia obovate &gt;Heritiera littorlis; the content ranged from 0.37 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 10.81 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. &#9313; Iron plaques have a certain enrichment effect on the heavy metals in the sediments. The contents of heavy metals in the iron plaques vary with the plant species, being the highest in A. ilicifolius and the lowest in H. littorlis. This enrichment also varies with the element species: Mn content changed from 0.11 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 2.67 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>; the highest contents of Pb, Zn, Cu, As, and Cr changed from 117.44 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 189.69 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>; and the highest contents of Cd, Ni, Co. and Sb changed from 34.84 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 63.34 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The content of Zn in the iron plaque is negatively correlated with the other heavy metal contents (P&lt;0.001), indicating that Zn might compete with the other elements. &#9314; Sediment pH significantly affects the content of iron plaque and the accumulation of Mn in the iron plaque (P&lt;0.05). The water content and salinity of the sediments are positively correlated with the contents of heavy metals Cr and Co in the iron plaque (P&lt;0.05). &#9315; The distribution of iron plaques and their heavy metal contents in different parts of the roots of the mangrove plants follow the order: root tip&gt;root middle&gt;root base.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:48
Main heading:Iron
Controlled terms:Heavy metals - Plants (botany) - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza - Enrichment effects - Heavy metal contents - Heavy metal enrichments - Iron plaques - Mangrove plants - Mangrove species - Shenzhen Bay
Classification code:483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 545.1  Iron
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708088

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 191>

Accession number:20183805835587
Title:Contamination Characterization and Human Exposure Levels to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Indoor and Outdoor Air in Industrial Park of Suzhou City
Title of translation:&#33487;&#24030;&#24037;&#19994;&#22253;&#21306;&#23460;&#20869;&#22806;&#39063;&#31890;&#29289;&#20013;&#22810;&#28340;&#32852;&#33519;&#37274;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#20154;&#20307;&#26292;&#38706;&#27700;&#24179;
Authors:Wang, Jun-Xia (1, 2); Gu, Hai-Dong (2); Zhang, Zhan-En (1, 2); Qian, Fei-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1544-1551
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Eight polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners in indoor and outdoor air particles were collected using higher-volume active sampling techniques from different functional areas, including an industrial workplace, office, domestic area, and scenic area in an industrial zone, in Suzhou city, and the samples were analyzed by GC-MS. The total concentration of PBDEs ranged from 9.22-64.15 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> (average 20.93 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>), and 1.06-8.44 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>(average 5.11 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>)in indoor and outdoor air, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of PBDEs in indoor PM<inf>10</inf> was significantly higher than that in the outdoor PM<inf>10</inf>. The average concentrations of PBDEs in the air of the different sampling areas were in the order: industrial workplace&lt;office&lt;dwelling indoor&lt;outdoor air. Compared with the concentrations of PBDEs in the indoor and outdoor particulate matters from other regions, the concentrations of PBDEs in the indoor and outdoor atmospheric particles from Suzhou were at lower levels. BDE-209 was the most abundant (average 63% of the total PBDEs) in indoor and outdoor air, followed by BDE-99 and BDE-47.The estimated daily intake of PBDEs via inhalation was 3.75, 2.78, and 2.60 pg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> by the workers in the workplace, workers in office, and toddlers, respectively. Results showed that inhalation exposure to PBDEs did not cause potential health risks in the local residents of Suzhou.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Air intakes - Ethers - Health risks - Particles (particulate matter) - Polyacrylates
Uncontrolled terms:Estimated daily intakes - Indoor and outdoor - Indoor and outdoor airs - Inhalation exposure - Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs) - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers - Potential health risks - Suzhou
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708147

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 192>

Accession number:20183805835611
Title:Effects of Environmental Factors on the Synergy of Functional Bacteria in Completely Autotrophic Granular Sludge
Title of translation:&#29615;&#22659;&#22240;&#23376;&#23545;&#20840;&#33258;&#20859;&#33073;&#27694;&#39063;&#31890;&#27745;&#27877;&#21151;&#33021;&#33740;&#21327;&#21516;&#25928;&#24212;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Chen, Xi (1); Qian, Fei-Yue (1, 2, 3); Wang, Jian-Fang (1, 2, 3); Gao, Jun-Jun (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3); Jia, Xun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu High Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Jian-Fang(wjf302@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1756-1762
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To obtain experimental evidences for optimizing a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process based on granules, the effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, temperature (t), initial ammonium (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) concentration, and solution pH conditions on the synergy between the aerobic and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB and AMX) were investigated using a single factor batch experiment, while the analysis of the microbial community structure within them was conducted using MiSeq high-throughput pyrosequencing. Results revealed that AOB (genus Nitrosomonas) and AMX (genus Candidatus Kuenenia) dominated in the granules, representing relative abundances of 32.9% and 9.8%, respectively. For the granules, the highest specific nitrogen removal rate of q(TN)=(17.7&plusmn;1.0) mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>was obtained at a DO concentration of 2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, while the initial NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentration was set at 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. And a lower DO level resulted in partial nitritation became the rate-limiting step of process, otherwise, it would be the ANAMMOX reaction instead. According to the free energy of the reactions, the activity of AMX was more sensitive to low temperature than that of AOB. When the reaction temperature was lower than 30&#8451;, nitrite accumulation could be observed in bulk liquid, with the significant decrease of q(TN) for the granules. Under the same oxygen supply conditions, an initial NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentration lower than 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> could inhibit the activity of AMX partly. However, with an initial NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentration over 150 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, either oxygen-limiting or high free ammonia concentration could lead to the dramatic decrease of q(TN). In addition, the effective synergy of the two types of ammonium oxidizers in granules was always achieved at solution pH in the range of 7.0-8.5.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Ammonia - Free energy - Granular materials - Granulation - Nitration - Nitrogen removal - Oxygen supply - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:ANAMMOX - Environmental factors - Granular sludge - Partial nitritation - Synergy effect
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 3.29e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708251

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 193>

Accession number:20183805835580
Title:Analysis of the Composition of Atmospheric Fine Particles (PM<inf>2.5</inf>) Produced by Burning Fireworks
Title of translation:&#28895;&#33457;&#29190;&#31481;&#38598;&#20013;&#29123;&#25918;&#30340;&#22823;&#27668;&#32454;&#39063;&#31890;&#29289;(PM<inf>2.5</inf>)&#25104;&#20998;&#22270;&#35889;
Authors:Xie, Rui-Jia (1); Hou, Hong-Xia (2); Chen, Yong-Shan (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Environmental Monitoring Station of Quanzhou, Quanzhou; 362000, China; (2) Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd., Guangzhou; 510530, China; (3) School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou; 362000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Shan(yshchen421@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1484-1492
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Burning fireworks is one of the sources of atmospheric fine particles (PM<inf>2.5</inf>). The Chinese Spring Festival in Quanzhou City was taken as an example to study the effects of burning fireworks on the occurrence of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and provide information on protection against air pollution caused by special pollution sources. The results showed that the concentrations of SO<inf>2</inf>, PM<inf>10</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> increased appreciably, and the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> increased most significantly during the fireworks burning period. The peak daily average concentration in the urban area was about 4 times the annual average concentration in the urban area. The peak value of the hourly average concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the Tushan Street station was about 21 times the annual average concentration in the urban area. At the peak of the discharge, the ratios of the characteristic elements of fireworks, such as Al, Mg, Ba, Cu, and Sr, increased rapidly, and the hourly number concentrations of Al<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>+</sup>, Ba<sup>+</sup>, and Cu<sup>+</sup> were highly correlated. During the monitoring period, the main pollution sources of fine particles in Quanzhou City were fireworks and biomass burning, which accounted for more than half of the total particulate matter. The proportion of pollutants originating from coal-based and industrial process sources were relatively low, and both of them accounted for less than 10.0% of the particulate matter. The concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> was up to 0.578 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> during the fireworks burning period, the rate of contribution by fireworks increased to 58.2%. Analysis of the pollution process showed that the changes in the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> have a similar trend with the number concentration and the ratio of fireworks burning. The results indicated that the main reason of the deterioration of the atmospheric environment during the Chinese Spring Festival in Quanzhou is the centralized discharging of fireworks.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Deterioration - Explosives
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol mass spectrometers - Atmospheric fine particles - Fireworks - Pollution sources - Quanzhou
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 5.82e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705153

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 194>

Accession number:20183805835577
Title:Simulation of the Spatio-temporally Resolved PM<inf>2.5</inf> Aerosol Mass Concentration over the Inland Plain of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
Title of translation:&#20140;&#27941;&#20864;&#20869;&#38470;&#24179;&#21407;&#21306;PM<inf>2.5</inf>&#27987;&#24230;&#26102;&#31354;&#21464;&#21270;&#23450;&#37327;&#27169;&#25311;
Authors:Hao, Jing (1, 2); Sun, Cheng (1, 2); Guo, Xing-Yu (1, 2); Wang, Wei (1, 2); Liu, Fang-Tian (1, 2); Dang, Hai-Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang; 050024, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolvement and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang; 050024, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Wei(wangwei@hebtu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1455-1465
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, haze pollution in China is becoming increasingly serious, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. In order to identify the temporal and spatial distributional characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> aerosol mass concentration in the region, this study selected the inland plain of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the research area, and used MODIS AOD as the main predictor in a mixed effects model to establish the daily relationship of AOD-PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the study area, from 2013 to 2014. The model was validated by a ten-fold cross validation method. The results showed that the correlation between AOD-PM<inf>2.5</inf> can be improved by daily calibration of the mixed effects model (R<sup>2</sup>=0.78); the cross-validated R<sup>2</sup> was 0.70, and RMSE and RPE were 20.80 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 28.76%, respectively. Considering the importance of unbiased PM<inf>2.5</inf> predictions, the correction factors calculated from the surface PM<inf>2.5</inf> measurements were applied to correct the biases in the predicted annual average PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations introduced by non-stochastic missing AOD measurements. The results showed that the annual average concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the study area was higher than 75 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and the spatial distribution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration was higher in the southern and western regions, and lower in the northern and eastern regions. These results suggest that the mixed effects model can be used to monitor ground PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and also provide a scientific basis for the control of atmospheric particulate pollution in the region.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Aerosols
Controlled terms:Pollution control - Stochastic systems
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol optical depths - Beijing-tianjin-hebei regions - Cross-validation methods - Mixed effects models - PM2.5
Classification code:961  Systems Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.88e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706278

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 195>

Accession number:20183805835362
Title:Quantitative Relationship Between Paddy Soil Properties and Cadmium Content in Rice Grains
Title of translation:&#31291;&#30000;&#22303;&#22756;&#24615;&#36136;&#19982;&#31291;&#31859;&#38217;&#21547;&#37327;&#30340;&#23450;&#37327;&#20851;&#31995;
Authors:Wang, Meng-Meng (1); He, Meng-Yuan (1); Su, De-Chun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Prevention Control and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China 
Corresponding author:Su, De-Chun(dcsu@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1918-1925
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Rice is a crop with the potential for high accumulation of Cd, which can be affected by many factors. Sixty pairs of soil and rice samples from different plots were collected and analyzed, in order to understand the quantitative relationships between the Cd content in soil and the properties of soil and the Cd content in rice grains under field conditions, by simple and multiple regression analyses. The results showed that the Cd contents in soil and rice grains ranged from 0.15-2.54 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.02-2.00 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. According to the result of simple regression analysis, there were significantly positive correlations (P&lt;0.01) between the Cd contents in soil and rice grains (r=0.392); the pH, SOM, and CEC in soil also had certain effects on Cd accumulation in rice grains, which were not significant, however. When the soil pH was&lt;6.5, the Cd content in rice grains increased with increasing soil pH, but decreased with increasing soil pH when the soil pH was&gt;6.5. The Cd content, pH, SOM, and CEC in the soil and the Cd content in rice grains were analyzed by multiple regression analysis, and five equations, which all reached extremely significant levels (P&lt;0.01), were obtained. The equation that included the four variables (Cd content, pH, SOM, and CEC in soil) had the most r, and it could predict the Cd content in rice grains better, given the conditions of the present study.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Regression analysis - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Cd accumulation - Correlation analysis - Field conditions - Multiple regression analysis - Positive correlations - Quantitative relationship - Simple regression analysis - Soil property
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 196>

Accession number:20183805835586
Title:Analysis of Sources, Pollution Characteristics, and Human Exposure to Atmospheric New Halogenated Flame Retardants in Selected Areas
Title of translation:&#20856;&#22411;&#22320;&#21306;&#22823;&#27668;&#26032;&#22411;&#21348;&#20195;&#38459;&#29123;&#21058;&#27745;&#26579;&#29305;&#24449;, &#26469;&#28304;&#20998;&#26512;&#21450;&#20154;&#20307;&#26292;&#38706;
Authors:Li, Qi-Lu (1, 2); Yang, Kong (1); Li, Jun (2); Zhang, Gan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1537-1543
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric gaseous and particle samples were collected using high-volume active samplers in Guangzhou and Wuzhishan. Concentrations of all the eight selected new halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs), including syn-DP, anti-DP, TBPH, PBEB, HBB, TBE, TBB, and DBDPE, were measured. The mean &sum;NHFR concentration was significantly higher in Guangzhou (335 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>) than in Wuzhishan (90.6 pg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>). DBDPE was the most abundant component in Guangzhou, accounting for 66.9% of the &sum;NHFR concentration, while TBPH was the major component (65.8%) in Wuzhishan. This indicates different pollution characteristics in Guangzhou and Wuzhishan. In addition, &sum;NHFR concentration presented distinct seasonal variations only in Guangzhou, which could result from the different sources of origin of NHFRs. Principle component analysis showed that the atmospheric NHFRs in Guangzhou and Wuzhishan could originate from different sources. In the light of the results of wind frequency and HYSPLIT model analysis, NHFRs seem to originate mainly from the emissions from surrounding areas, including from the inputs of e-waste recycling, industrial activities, and re-volatilization of consumer goods in Guangzhou, while NHFRs mainly seem to originate from the movement of air mass over the Pearl River Delta and the seas in Wuzhishan. Meanwhile, several NHFRs presented different loading patterns in Guangzhou and Wuzhishan, and the emissions from different sources and commercial products could be the impactors. With detection of high NHFR concentrations in the atmosphere of Guangzhou, the long-time exposure of the surrounding residents (especially infants) is suspected to cause potential health risk.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Earth atmosphere - Electronic Waste - Flame retardants - Halogenation - Health risks - Industrial emissions - River pollution - Vaporization
Uncontrolled terms:Commercial products - Halogenated flame retardant - Industrial activities - Inhalation exposure - Potential health risks - Principle component analysis - Seasonal variation - Source analysis
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.58e+01%, Percentage 6.69e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 197>

Accession number:20183805835591
Title:CH<inf>4</inf> Fluxes During the Algal Bloom in the Pengxi River
Title of translation:&#19977;&#23777;&#28558;&#28330;&#27827;&#27700;&#21326;&#26399;&#38388;&#27700;&#20307;CH<inf>4</inf>&#27987;&#24230;&#21450;&#20854;&#36890;&#37327;&#21464;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;&#21021;&#25506;
Authors:Qin, Yu (1); Zhang, Yu-Yang (1); Li, Zhe (2); Ma, Jian-Rong (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing; 400074, China; (2) Kay Laboratory of Reservoir Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing; 400714, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Zhe(lizhe@cigit.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1578-1588
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Emissions of greenhouse gases in the Three Gorges Reservoir have been attracting attention in the recent years. This study was conducted to reveal the CH<inf>4</inf> emission and removal during the process of algal growth at different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the Pengxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir. In-situ field experiments were conducted in the Gaoyang Lake in Pengxi River. From April 22nd, 2016, to May 9th, 2016, different concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were added to different experimental chambers. Results showed that CH<inf>4</inf> emission decreased sharply from the first day of the experiment to the sixth day, and after that, CH<inf>4</inf> emission in the water samples with only added phosphorus were obviously recovered compared to the other treatment. In this experiment, algal biomass was influenced by different concentrations of N and P. The biomass of algae were not affected by N, but were promoted under suitable concentration of P, such as 1P, 10P, 1NP, and 10NP. When the P concentration was too high, the biomass of algae was also limited. The emission and removal of CH<inf>4</inf> in the experiment were significantly related to the addition of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Algae - Biomass - Greenhouse gases - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water)
Uncontrolled terms:Algal biomass - Algal blooms - Algal growth - CH4 flux - Field experiment - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Three gorges reservoir - Water samples
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706044

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 198>

Accession number:20183805835617
Title:Effects of Reclamation on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Activities in the Huixian Karst Wetland in Guilin
Title of translation:&#22438;&#27542;&#23545;&#26690;&#26519;&#20250;&#20185;&#21888;&#26031;&#29305;&#28287;&#22320;&#22303;&#22756;&#20859;&#20998;&#19982;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#27963;&#24615;&#30340;&#24433;&#21709;
Authors:Huang, Ke-Chao (1); Shen, Yu-Yi (2); Xu, Guang-Ping (1); Huang, Yu-Qing (1); Zhang, De-Nan (1); Sun, Ying-Jie (1); Li, Yan-Qiong (1); He, Wen (1); Zhou, Long-Wu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin; 541006, China; (2) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin; 541006, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Guang-Ping(xugpgx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1813-1823
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the effect of reclamation on soil quality in the Huixian Karst Wetland, samples from different soil levels were collected from marsh wetland, reclaimed paddy field, and reclaimed dry farmland, for analyzing soil nutrient (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium) contents, microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen (MBC/MBN), and microbial activity indicators [i.e. basal respiration (BR), potential respiration (PR), microbial quotient (qMB), and metabolic quotient (qCO<inf>2</inf>)]. The correlations between the soil nutrient contents and soil microbial activity indictors were examined. The results showed that: &#9312;Artificial reclamation led to the trend of slight acidity in the soil and a marked loss in soil nutrients, while, the pH value, soil water content (SWC), and the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), total potassium (TK), and available potassium (AK) decreased with reclamation. &#9313;Among all the microbes, bacteria were the most numerous, followed by actinomycetes, and fungi were the least numerous. The microbial quantity decreased with the increase in the soil depth on the whole. The proportion of bacteria and actinomycetes were much higher in the paddy field, and that of fungi was the highest in the dry farmland. &#9314; In total, protease, sucrase, urease, catalase, and polyphenol oxidase activities decreased with the increasing of soil depths. Soil reclamation reduced the soil enzyme activities. &#9315;qCO<inf>2</inf> decreased after an initial increase in the marsh wetland, while it rose gradually in the reclaimed paddy field and reclaimed dry farmland. The contents of MBC, MBN, BR, PR, and qMB were the highest in the marsh wetland, followed by those in the reclaimed paddy field, with the lowest contents occurring in the reclaimed dry farmland. The trend of qCO<inf>2</inf> contents in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers followed the order of marsh wetland&gt;paddy field&gt;dry farmland, but in the 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm soil layers, it showed the order dry farmland&gt;paddy field&gt;marsh wetland. The continuation of reclamation resulted in the decrease in soil microbial activity, and soil quality as well, especially in the dry farmland. Meanwhile, we should reduce the areas of paddy fields and dry farmlands under reclamation during the process of wetland ecological restoration in future. Conversion of farmlands to wetlands or lakes, to improve and increase the size of wetland ecosystems of nearby lands, should be done gradually.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Reclamation
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Ecology - Farms - Forestry - Fungi - Land reclamation - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Organic carbon - Phosphorus  - Potassium - Soil conditioners - Soil moisture - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Available phosphorus - Ecological restoration - Microbial activities - Microbial biomass carbon - Soil enzyme activity - Soil layer - Soil microbial activities - Soil physico-chemical properties
Classification code:442.2  Land Reclamation - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.1  Alkali Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 3.00e-01m, Size 3.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707196

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 199>

Accession number:20183805835620
Title:Soil Degradation-Associated Microbial Community Structure Changes in an Alpine Meadow Under Tibetan Pig Herding
Title of translation:&#34255;&#29482;&#25200;&#21160;&#20316;&#29992;&#19979;&#30340;&#39640;&#23506;&#33609;&#30008;&#22303;&#22756;&#36864;&#21270;&#29305;&#24449;&#21450;&#24494;&#29983;&#29289;&#32676;&#33853;&#32467;&#26500;&#21464;&#21270;
Authors:Zhan, Peng-Fei (1); Xiao, De-Rong (1); Yan, Peng-Fei (1); Liu, Zhen-Ya (1); Ma, Jin-Cheng (2); Chen, Zhi-Ming (2); Ge, Rong (2); Tian, Wei (2); Wang, Hang (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Plateau Wetlands Research Center/College of Wetlands, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming; 650224, China; (2) Napa Lake Wetland Management Bureau in Shangrila City, Diqing; 674400, China; (3) Institute for Environment Science, College of Environment &amp; Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Hang(hwang17@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1840-1850
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Anthropic activities lead to a high risk of peatland degradation in the alpine regions. Along with the declined plant productivity and the impaired functioning of the soil carbon sink, the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities are also affected in a degraded peatland ecosystem. Tibetan pig herding is a unique peatland management strategy, which can significantly affect the peatland ecosystem, but it has been rarely studied. The changes in the microbial community structure and its responses to disturbances were studied using a 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing technique in an alpine meadow peatland under Tibetan pig herding disturbance and under control (without Tibetan pig herding) in the Northwestern Yunnan province. The results showed that Tibetan pig herding significantly reduced the &alpha; diversity of soil microbes, and the soil microbial community structures were significantly changed by pig herding. The soil microbial communities in the peatland soils were dominated by Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Compared with those at the phylum level, the changes at the genus level under pig disturbance were more obvious. It was seen that the relative abundances of Sphingomonas and Hymenobacter significantly increased, while the abundances of Nitrospira and Rhodoplanes significantly decreased under pig herding. Venn diagram analysis revealed that there were 71 and 136 core OTUs in the soil under pig herding and in the control group soil, respectively. Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, and Sphingomonadales were the main taxa exclusively found under Tibetan pig herding, and could serve as indicators of soil disturbance. CCA ordination further showed that the distribution of Nitrospira and Rhodoplanes were mainly controlled by soil moisture, available phosphorus, and organic matter contents. Our findings provide an insight into the linkages between the soil microbial communities and the degradation of peatlands in alpine regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Mammals
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Microorganisms - Moisture control - RNA - Soil moisture - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:16S rRNA - Alpine meadow - Herding - Peatland - Soil micro-organisms - Tibetans
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 731.3  Specific Variables Control
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708225

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 200>

Accession number:20183805835615
Title:Degradation Characteristics and Metabolic Pathway of a Pyrene-Degrading Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain
Title of translation:1&#26666;&#38108;&#32511;&#20551;&#21333;&#32990;&#33740;&#23545;&#33432;&#30340;&#38477;&#35299;&#29305;&#24615;&#21450;&#20195;&#35874;&#36884;&#24452;
Authors:Li, Xiang (1); Zhang, Xue-Ying (1); Zhou, Jun (2); Song, Jun (3); Wang, Jian-Gang (4); Yong, Xiao-Yu (2); Jia, Hong-Hua (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing; 211816, China; (2) College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing; 211816, China; (3) College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing; 211816, China; (4) Chengdu Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Team, Sichuan Bureau of Geology &amp; Mineral Resources, Chengdu; 610072, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Jun(zhoujun@njtech.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:4
Issue date:April 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1794-1803
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose a potential threat to ecosystems due to their mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effects. Microbial degradation has been suggested as the best way to remove PAHs from contaminated environments. Screening of bacterial strains capable of efficiently degrading PAHs is the key to the bio-remediation technique. With the method of enrichment culture, the bacterial strain LX2, which can use pyrene as the sole carbon source, was isolated from sludge contaminated with PAHs. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas sp. LX2) according to the results of the analyses of its morphology, physiology, and phylogeny of its 16S rDNA sequence. The degradation rate of pyrene by Pseudomonas sp. LX2 was 32.1% after 21 days of cultivation at an initial pyrene concentration of 50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Pyrene, 4,5-dihydro-, 2'-Hydroxypropiophenone, Phenol, and Protocatechuate were identified as the major metabolites by GC/MS analysis. Based on the identified metabolites, it was concluded that pyrene was degraded via two different routes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, namely the 'naphthalene' and the 'phthalic acid' routes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Pyrene
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biodegradation - Carboxylic acids - Chemical analysis - Degradation - Metabolism - Metabolites - Naphthalene - Remediation
Uncontrolled terms:Contaminated environment - Degradation characteristics - Metabolic pathways - Microbial degradation - Phthalic acid - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Sole carbon source
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.8  Biotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 5.75e-02yr, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 3.21e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708243

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 201>

Accession number:20183905856861
Title:Microbial Communities and Sludge Specific Resistance in Two SBRs Treating Leachate
Authors:Cai, Li-Yun (1); Huang, Ze-Bin (1); Xu, Zi-Wei (1); Jiang, Zhi-Bin (1); Lin, Li-Li (1); Huang, Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Fujian Key University Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Xiamen University TanKah Kee College, Zhangzhou; 363105, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:880-888
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The relationship between microbial populations and sludge filtration performance was studied when active sludge was used to treat the leachate from municipal solid waste incineration plants. Two SBRs (SBR1 and SBR2) were operated at the same conditions, except that SBR1 was exposed to the sunlight and SBR2 was in the dark. To identify the difference in microbial populations in two reactors, high-throughput sequencing method was used. On the 50<sup>th</sup> day, the fungi abundance in SBR2 was higher than in SBR1. Phylum Rozellomycota became the dominant fungi in SBR1, whose relative abundance was 83.71%. Phylum Basidiomycota and Genus Trichosporon became only dominant fungi in SBR2, whose relative abundances were 99.84% and 99.78%, respectively. Bacterial abundance in SBR1 was higher than in SBR2. In SBR1, Thauera was the major bacterial genus, whose relative abundance was 39.35%. In SBR2, Planktosalinus, Thauera, and Ottowia were the major bacterial genera, whose relative abundances were 16.84%, 16.23%, and 12.55%. Rotifers and other predatory metazoan were detected on the 30<sup>th</sup>-50<sup>th</sup> days in SBR1 and sludge specific resistance began to decline on the 35<sup>th</sup> day. Filamentous fungi bulking caused by Trichosporon resulted in a continuous increase in sludge specific resistance of SBR2. The dominant microbial communities (especially fungi) and sludge specific resistances in SBR1 and SBR2 were very different because of the effect of sunlight. Therefore, sunlight plays an important role on microbial communities and sludge characteristics.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Waste incineration
Controlled terms:Filtration - Fungi - Microorganisms - Municipal solid waste
Uncontrolled terms:Filtration performance - High-throughput sequencing - Leachates - Microbial communities - Microbial populations - Sludge characteristics - Specific resistances - Sunlight
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9  Biology - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.62e+01%, Percentage 1.68e+01%, Percentage 3.94e+01%, Percentage 8.37e+01%, Percentage 9.98e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707202

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 202>

Accession number:20184205947401
Title:Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Nitrogen Pathways in a Karst Region of Southwest China
Authors:Yang, Yi (1, 2, 3); Ouyang, Yun-Dong (4); Chen, Hao (1, 2); Xiao, Kong-Cao (1, 2); Li, De-Jun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (2) Huanjiang Experimental Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang; 547200, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) Shaoyang No.2 Middle School, Shaoyang; 422000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Hao(chenhao10902@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2845-2852
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrogen (N) is an important element for plant growth in terrestrial ecosystems. Studying soil N cycling is crucial for understanding the structures and functions of an ecosystem. However, our knowledge of soil N dynamics in karst regions is still limited. In addition, while China's karst regions have conducted a series of vegetation restoration projects, the vegetation restoration effects on soil N pathways are still largely unknown. Therefore, this study selected four typical ecosystems representing four main vegetation restoration stages (i. e., cropland, grassland, shrubland, and forest) in a karst region in Huanjiang Province, southwest China. In these ecosystems, soil N pathways, including net ammonization rate (net ammonization, fungal ammonization, and bacterial ammonization), net nitrification rate (i. e., net nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, autotrophic nitrification, fungal nitrification, and bacterial nitrification), net N mineralization rate (net N mineralization, fungal mineralization, and bacterial mineralization), and soil properties were measured. Our results showed that nitrification rate was high in all ecosystems, but the ammonization rate was low, resulting in nitrite being the main inorganic N form in karst soil. Autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification rates accounted for 80% and 20% of the net nitrification rate, respectively. After the addition of fungal and bacterial inhibitors, ammonization rates increased for all treatments, but the nitrification rates decreased. Following vegetation restoration, soil N mineralization and nitrification rates all increased, but the ammonization rates significantly decreased. This pattern was significantly correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate, microbial biomass, and the activity of N-acquisition enzymes in these ecosystems. Our findings provide very useful information for understanding soil N cycling in the karst regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Fungi - Landforms - Mineralogy - Organic carbon - Restoration - Soils - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Heterotrophic nitrification - Karst - Nitrogen mineralization - Nitrogen transformations - Vegetation restoration
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1  Geology - 482  Mineralogy - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710066

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 203>

Accession number:20184205947383
Title:Effects of Nutrient Addition on the Growth and Competition of Bloom Forming Cyanobacterium Chrysosporum ovalisporum: An In-situ Experiment
Authors:Wang, Meng-Meng (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Wei (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Jun-Yi (4); Shang, Guang-Xia (1, 2, 3); Du, Cai-Li (1, 2, 3); Wang, Li-Qing (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrient (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (3) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (4) Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Centre Station, Wuxi; 214023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Wei(weizhang@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2698-2705
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An in-situ mesocosm experiment was conducted to study the growth dynamic of Chrysosporum ovalisporum and the other phytoplankton organisms under accelerated eutrophication conditions by using 39 buckets (100 L) in Lake Dishui, Shanghai. The results showed that the growth of both filamentous cyanobacteria (C. ovalisporum) and green algae were promoted with nutrient enrichment. The increase in the algal biomass rate in N plus P addition treatments was significantly higher than in treatments with N or P alone (P&lt;0.05). Although the increasing biomass rate with P addition alone was higher than with N alone, there was no statistically significant difference (P&gt;0.05). The relevant abundance of C. ovalisporum showed a significantly decreasing trend with N addition treatments and N plus P additions treatments (P&lt;0.05), although it was slightly increased with the treatments with P alone (P&gt;0.05). Nutrient addition could significantly improve the growth of small sized algae organisms (Chroococcus spp., Coelastrum spp., Chlorella spp., Tetraedron spp., and Scenedesmus spp.) rather than C. ovalisporum in all treatments (P&lt;0.05). The small sized green algae overcoming C. ovalisporum indicated that small sized algae were more favored by hyper-eutrophicated, high water temperature and relatively undisturbed conditions. This is because small sized algal organisms have higher metabolic and growth rates compared to other sized algae, especially in stationary water regimens and high, light density conditions. We foresee that the small sized algae, Chlorophyte, dominating the small hyper-eutrophic aquatic system may be a potential succession pattern in the high water temperature seasons.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Algae
Controlled terms:Eutrophication - High temperature effects - Nutrients - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophytes - Chrysosporum ovalisporum - Cyanobacterial blooms - Growth and competition - In-situ experiments - Mesocosms - Nutrient enrichments - Statistically significant difference
Classification code:641.1  Thermodynamics - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Numerical data indexing:Volume 1.00e-01m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711020

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 204>

Accession number:20184205948071
Title:Nutrient Distribution Characteristics of the Sediment-water System in the Xiangxi River During the Impoundment of TGR
Authors:Su, Qing-Qing (1, 2); Liu, De-Fu (3); Ji, Dao-Bin (1, 2); Song, Lin-Xu (1, 2); Cui, Yu-Jie (1, 2); Li, Xin (1, 2); Chen, Xiu-Xiu (4); Liu, Xin-Yuan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic &amp; Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Ecoenvironment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (3) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China; (4) Water Authority of Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng; 242000, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, De-Fu(dfliu@189.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2135-2144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study characterizes the nutrient distribution of the sediment-water system in the Xiangxi River (XXR) during the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). In 2016, the research group obtained samples in the Xiangxi River, analyzed the distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus, and O.M. (organic matter) in the sediment-water system, explored the characteristics of "source-sink" between the interstitial water and overlying water, and carried out a cluster analysis for the sampling sites. The results showed that &rho;(TN) in the sediments was higher than in the estuary, and the &rho;(TN) was close to that in the middle and downstream samples of the river. The &rho;(TP) in the upstream sample was the highest of all sites, &rho;(O.M.) presented low distribution characteristics in the downstream, and the maximum value of &rho;(O.M.) exceeded the critical point (1.5%) within a depth of 10 cm, and there was a certain risk of release. For the distribution in the overlying water, &rho;(DTN) and &rho;(DTP) were the largest in the estuary, &rho;(DTN) decreased from the estuary to the upstream, and &rho;(DTP) did not change along the river. During the study, DTN, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, and DTP in all sites (except CJ point) were released as nutrients to the overlaying water as the "source," but some points for NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P presented as "sources," and some of them presented as "sinks." The "source-sink" process of nitrogen was stronger than that of phosphorus. This was due to the difference between the oxidation environment at the bottom of the XXR and the stream flow backward depth of the Xiangxi bay during impoundment. Based on the results of a cluster analysis, the characteristics of CJ, 1, and 2 indicated similar sediment-water systems, while the characteristics of 3 and 4 were similar.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Cluster analysis - Estuaries - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water) - Sediments - Stream flow - Waterworks
Uncontrolled terms:Impoundment period - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Sediment-water system - Three gorges reservoir - Xiangxi rivers
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 441.2  Reservoirs - 446  Waterworks - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+00%, Size 1.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708166

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 205>

Accession number:20184205947374
Title:Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties and Phosphorus Fraction Distribution Characteristics in Sediments after Impounding of the Three Gorges Reservoir to 175 m
Authors:Pan, Chan-Juan (1, 2, 3); Li, Rui (2, 3); Tang, Xian-Qiang (2, 3, 4); Xia, Zhen-Yao (1, 4); Li, Qing-Yun (2, 3); Yang, Wen-Jun (2, 3, 4); Xu, Wen-Nian (1, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Civil Engineering &amp; Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan; 430010, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan; 430010, China; (4) Collaborative Innovation Center for Geo-Hazards and Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Area, Yichang; 443002, China 
Corresponding author:Tang, Xian-Qiang(ckyshj@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2615-2623
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to understand the characteristics of the distribution of sediment total phosphorus (TP) and phosphorus fractions in the mainstream sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) after impounding the water level to 175 m, 13 surface sediment samples were collected from the Wujiang to Maoping sections in October 2010. The physico-chemical properties, including organic matter content, particle grain size distribution, and major mineral analysis, as well as total phosphorus and its fractions in the sediment, were determined. Moreover, the relationships among phosphorus fractions, organic matter contents, and particle grain size were discussed, and the effect of the impoundment on sediment phosphorus accumulation and bioavailability was also evaluated. Results indicated that the sediment organic matter content of the TGR was between 7.79 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 55.63 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and the main mineral components were chlorite, illite, and quartz. The sediments were dominated with clayey silt with a median diameter (d<inf>50</inf>) ranging from 3.84 &mu;m to 23.65 &mu;m. The measured total phosphorus content of the sediments were between 557.06 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 837.92 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and the total phosphorus enrichment index of each sampling site is greater than 1, demonstrating a potential risk for phosphorus pollution. The calcium bound phosphorus (Ca-P) and the reductant soluble phosphorus (Oc-P) were the dominant sediment phosphorus fractions, while the exchangeable phosphorus (Ex-P), the iron bound phosphorus (Fe-P), and aluminum bound phosphorus (Al-P) content were relatively low. Bioavailable P only accounts for 2%-8% of the total phosphorus content. When referring to previous studies, the sediment particle size tended to be smaller and the content of comparatively easy-to-weather minerals slightly increased with the increase of the impoundment water level. However, the increase in the impoundment water level did not result in a significant increase tendency in sediment TP content. In the future, a reduction in sediment input and a decline in sediment particle size may facilitate the accumulation of phosphorus in the sediments in the broad valley section of the TGR. Moreover, large scale dry-wet alternation in the water level fluctuation zone and resuspension of floating mud near the dam both potentially impact the bioavailability of phosphorus in the sediments.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Phosphorus
Controlled terms:Aluminum compounds - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Calcium compounds - Chemical analysis - Chemical properties - Grain size and shape - Iron compounds - Minerals - Organic compounds  - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Reservoirs (water) - Risk assessment - Sediments - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Grain size - Grain size distribution - Organic matter content - Phosphorus fractions - Physicochemical property - Sediment organic matters - Three gorges reservoir - Water-level-fluctuation zones
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 482.2  Minerals - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+00% to 8.00e+00%, Size 1.75e+02m, Size 3.84e-06m to 2.36e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708175

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 206>

Accession number:20184205948053
Title:Chemical Characterization, Spatial Distribution, and Source Identification of Organic Matter in PM<inf>2.5</inf> in summertime Shanghai, China
Authors:Gao, Ya-Qin (1, 2); Wang, Hong-Li (1, 2); Jing, Sheng-Ao (2); Qiao, Li-Ping (2); Li, Li (2); Zhu, Shu-Hui (2); Lou, Sheng-Rong (2); Tao, Shi-Kang (2); Feng, Jia-Liang (3); Li, Xiang (1, 2); Chen, Chang-Hong (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai; 200433, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai; 200444, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Hong-Li(wanghl@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1978-1986
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Particulate organic matter (POM) has attracted increasing attention recently due to its great contribution to fine particles (PM<inf>2.5</inf>) and complex components and sources. In the present study, 78 particulate organic compounds in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were quantified at three sites in Shanghai during summer; these sites were located in urban (Xuhui), suburban (Qingpu), and coastal (Lin'gang) areas of the city. Accordingly, the chemical composition and spatial distribution were investigated and sources were explored based on the indicators and diagnostic ratios combined with backward trajectory. The results showed that during the period of observation, the quantified organic matter in the suburban area is about 319 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, close to the urban area but much higher than that of the coastal areas. Fatty acids were the largest contributors, followed by levoglucosan, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes, and hopanes. Source analysis based on tracer methods indicates that gasoline vehicle emissions were the main source of POM in Shanghai. Biomass burning from the northeast impacted somewhat on the urban area and western suburbs during the observation period. Terrestrial plant emissions played an important role in the source of fatty acids at Qingpu and Lin'gang, and emissions of marine phytoplankton and microorganisms were also important for fatty acids at Lin'gang. Coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust made an important contribution to PAHs according to an analysis of diagnostic ratios. This study presented the characteristics and sources of POM in summertime Shanghai, which facilitates the development of an effective control strategy on PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical analysis - Coal combustion - Fatty acids - Indicators (chemical) - Marine biology - Paraffins - Phytoplankton - Pollution control  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Spatial distribution - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical compositions - Particulate organic matters - Shanghai - Source analysis - Space differences
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708197

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 207>

Accession number:20184205947837
Title:Socio-economic Factors Influencing the Spatial Distribution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> Concentrations in China: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors:Duan, Jie-Xiong (1); Zhai, Wei-Xin (1); Cheng, Cheng-Qi (2); Chen, Bo (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China; (2) College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Cheng-Qi(ccq@pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2498-2504
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution in China has become a top environmental and health concern, involving the characterization of healthy effects over a broad spatial area with uneven geographical distribution. This research aims to explore the influential factors for the PM<inf>2.5</inf> distribution from a socio-economic perspective, based on the observations from China's 1497 monitoring sites in 2015. First, the Moran's I index and the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) were computed to outline the distribution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> on a national scale using provincial-level divisions. Second, the correlation between the spatial distribution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and socio-economic factors were analyzed by ordinary least squares (OLS) and geo-weighted regression (GWR) models. The results indicated that the GWR model explained the causal relationships better. Generally, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei had peak levels of PM<inf>2.5,</inf> while Guangxi, Sichuan, and several other southern provinces had the lowest levels. Particularly, forest coverage rate and electricity consumption per capita were negatively correlated with the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf>. In this study, the vehicle ownership per capita proved to be the most significant factor that positively contributed to the concentration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Economics - Geographical distribution - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:PM2.5 - Socio economies - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatial regression - Spatial statistics
Classification code:405.3  Surveying - 921  Mathematics - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements - 971  Social Sciences
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709087

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 208>

Accession number:20184205948078
Title:Degradation of OG with Peroxymonosulfate Activated by a MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>-graphene Hybrid
Authors:Xia, Wen-Jun (1); Liu, Feng (1); Hao, Shang-Bin (1); Huang, Tian-Yin (1); Wang, Zhong-Ming (2); Chen, Jia-Bin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Changzhou Municipal Enginerring Design Research College Co., Ltd., Changzhou; 213003, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Jia-Bin(chenjiabincn@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2202-2210
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> was synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Raman spectra. The rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> was used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to decolorize azo dyes, e.g., Orange G, and the effect of PMS dosage, rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> loadings, initial pH, and the concentration of Cl<sup>-</sup> were investigated. The results indicated that the degradation rate of OG was 100% within 27 min with 0.3 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> and at a 40:1 of PMS:OG molar ratio. The decolorization efficiency of OG increased with increasing PMS concentration and increasing rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> dosage. The initial pH had a significant effect on OG degradation, and pH 5.00 was most favorable for its decolorization. In addition, the addition of Cl<sup>-</sup> accelerated the decolorization of OG, and the decolorization rate increased with increasing concentration of Cl<sup>-</sup>. The rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> also exhibited an excellent reusability, and its activation of PMS was still observed after five rounds of tests. From the analysis of UV-vis spectra and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), the naphthalene ring and azo band were found to be destroyed, with p-nitrophenol and phthalic acid as the main degradation products. Finally, a TOC analysis indicated that a certain degree of OG mineralization was obtained in the rG-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/PMS system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Photodegradation
Controlled terms:Azo dyes - Citrus fruits - Degradation - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Gas chromatography - Graphene - High resolution transmission electron microscopy - Mass spectrometry - Naphthalene - pH effects  - Reusability - Transmission electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Activator - Degradation products - Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Hydrothermal methods - Manganese ferrites - Orange G - Peroxymonosulfate
Classification code:741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 761  Nanotechnology - 801  Chemistry - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Time 1.62e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709162

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 209>

Accession number:20184205947829
Title:Denitrification Characteristics and Community Structure of Aerobic Denitrifiers from Lake and Reservoir Sediments
Authors:Kang, Peng-Liang (1); Zhang, Hai-Han (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (1); Chen, Sheng-Nan (1); Shang, Pan-Lu (1); Feng, Ji (1); Jia, Jing-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Hai-Han(zhanghaihan@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2431-2437
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of aerobic denitrifying bacteria is a hot topic in the field of water environment bioremediation. Aerobic denitrifier communities, H-30, X-10, and C-30, enriched by intermittent aeration, screened with screening culture media, and treated by ultrasonic waves, could perform high denitrification performance at the higher dissolved oxygen concentration of (7.2&plusmn;0.6) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of aerobic denitrifier communities, H-30, X-10, and C-30, reached 83.04%, 83.40%, and 82.68%, respectively. There is lower nitrite accumulation during the process of denitrification. Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing revealed that aerobic denitrifier compositions were significantly different among the three communities. The predominant strains of aerobic denitrifier communities, H-30, X-10, and C-30, were Bacillus subtilis, Paracoccus pantotrophus, and Pseudomonas stutzeri, respectively. The proportion of P. stutzeri in aerobic denitrifier communities H-30 and X-10 was almost the same, while Pseudomonas xiamenensis was only detected in H-30. These three efficient aerobic denitrifier communities provide a bacterium source guarantee for polluted water bioremediation of lakes and reservoirs in cities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Bacteriology - Bioremediation - Biotechnology - Dissolved oxygen - DNA sequences - Gene encoding - Lakes - Nitration - Nitrogen removal  - Oxic sediments - Reservoirs (water) - Throughput - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic denitrifier - Community structures - Denitrifying bacteria - Dissolved oxygen concentrations - High throughput - Intermittent aeration - Nitrite accumulation - Reservoir sediments
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 453  Water Pollution - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.27e+01%, Percentage 8.30e+01%, Percentage 8.34e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710229

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 210>

Accession number:20184205947402
Title:Identifying the Origins and Spatial Distributions of Heavy Metals in the Soils of the Jiangsu Coast
Authors:L&uuml;, Jian-Shu (1, 2, 3); He, Hua-Chun (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan; 250014, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200062, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2853-2864
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A total of 239 samples of surface soils were collected along the Xiangshui to Rudong coast, in Jiangsu Province, and analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. A multivariate analysis was applied to identify the sources of heavy metals, and ordinary kriging was used to map the spatial distributions of the heavy metal concentration. The mean contents of Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in the surface soils of the Jiangsu Coastal Zone were higher than the background values of the Jiangsu Coastal Plain, which indicated that there were obvious accumulations of these heavy metals in surface soils; while the mean contents of Cr and Ni were lower than the background values. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn in soils that originated from marine deposition were significantly lower than those from alluvium and lagoon facies deposition, including the Yangtze River Delta deposition. Urban areas exhibited higher Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn contents than other land covers. Cr and Ni were controlled by the parent material and seemed to originate from a natural source. Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were associated with the combination of parent material and anthropogenic inputs. Hg was dominated by atmospheric deposition related to various human activities. The high values of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were distributed in the northern, western, and southern parts of the study area, and Hg exhibited high values around the urban areas in the western and southern parts.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:57
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Coastal zones - Deposition - Heavy metals - Meteorological problems - Multivariant analysis - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic inputs - Atmospheric depositions - Background value - Heavy metal concentration - Human activities - Multi variate analysis - Source - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707219

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 211>

Accession number:20184205947397
Title:Effects of Elevated Tetracycline Concentrations on Aerobic Composting of Human Feces: Composting Behavior and Microbial Community Succession
Authors:Shi, Hong-Lei (1); Wang, Xiao-Chang (1); Li, Qian (1); Liu, Yuan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Huajiang Construction Company Limited of China Construction First Group, Beijing; 100161, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2810-2818
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of antibiotics on composting behavior, enzymatic activity, and microbial community succession during the aerobic composting of human feces using sawdust as the bulk carrier, tetracycline (TC) was added to the composting system at four different concentrations (0, 100, 250, and 500 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). Microbial community succession was examined by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the influence of TC on the physical and chemical properties of compost was related to its concentration. With the increase in TC concentration, the temperature increase during aerobic composting was inhibited, the water-soluble carbon (WSC) residue was increased, the germination index (GI) was decreased, and the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was also hindered. Parameters, such as temperature, WSC, GI, and DHA, are widely accepted and representative indicators to evaluate compost maturity. Overall, when the concentration of TC was higher than 500 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, the aerobic composting process and the maturity of the final compost were inhibited. Furthermore, elevated TC caused significant changes in microbial community succession and reductions in community diversity and abundance. Therefore, interference in microbial community structures and a hindrance to biological activity are believed to be the main adverse effects of TC on the composting process and maturity of the composting products.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Composting
Controlled terms:Bioactivity - Microorganisms - RNA
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic composting - Compost maturity - Human feces - Microbial communities - Tetracycline
Classification code:461  Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711043

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 212>

Accession number:20184205947381
Title:Spatiotemporal Succession Characteristics of Algal Functional Groups and Its Impact Factors for a Typical Channel-Type Reservoir in a Southwest Mountainous Area
Authors:Zhang, Yao-Wen (1); Li, Hong (2); Li, Jia (1); Song, Yang (1); Zhang, Ling-Lei (1); Li, Yong (1); Pu, Xun-Chi (1); Huang, Wen-Dian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) Sichuan Province Zipingpu Development Company Limited, Chengdu; 610037, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Ling-Lei(zhanglinglei@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2680-2687
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the spatial and temporal variations of algal functional groups in the Zipingpu reservoir, a typical channel-type reservoir in the southwest mountainous area of China, water samples were collected from eight sections of the Zipingpu reservoir from April 2016 to March 2017.A total of 21 algal functional groups were identified as B, C, D, F, G, H<inf>1</inf>, J, L<inf>0</inf>, L<inf>M</inf>, M<inf>P</inf>, N, P, S<inf>2</inf>, T, W<inf>1</inf>, W<inf>2</inf>, X<inf>1</inf>, X<inf>2</inf>, X<inf>3</inf>, Y, and Z. Based on the analysis of the dominant degree (y&gt;0.02), the algal functional groups were dominated by W<inf>2</inf>, Y, L<inf>0</inf>, W<inf>1</inf>, M<inf>P</inf>, and B. The C-R-S strategy of algal growth in the Zipingpu reservoir showed that R-type was a more dominant type than the S- and C-type for the majority of the time. Peridinium (group L<inf>0</inf>, type S) was the significant algae in the Zipingpu reservoir algal bloom event in June 2016.Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to explore the relationship between algal functional groups and environmental factors. The results showed that algal density, chlorophyll a, water temperature, and biochemical oxygen demand were the major factors influencing the spatiotemporal succession of algal functional groups across the eight sampling sections, with water temperature having the highest influence.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Functional groups - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Algal - Environmental factors - Growth strategy - Major factors - Mountainous area - Spatial and temporal variation - Spatiotemporal succession - Water temperatures
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709163

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 213>

Accession number:20184205948101
Title:Carbon Metabolism Characteristics of the Karst Soil Microbial Community for Pb-Zn Mine Tailings
Authors:Fang, Jun-Jia (1, 2, 3); Li, Qiang (2, 3); Liu, Chang (2, 3); Jin, Zhen-Jiang (4); Liang, Yue-Ming (2, 3); Huang, Bing-Hui (2, 3, 4); Lu, Xiao-Xuan (1, 2, 3); Peng, Wen-Jie (2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin; 541004, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541006, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Qiang(glqiangli@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2420-2430
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:BIOLOG and 18S rRNA PCR-DGGE methods were used to estimate the characteristics of carbon source metabolism of the soil microbial community as well as the relationship between soil fungi and soil organic carbon in different karst land use types (corn field, citrus field, and paddy field) contaminated by Pb-Zn tailings at Sidi Village, Yangshuo, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, SW China. It was found that the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd were highest in the paddy field, followed by the corn field, citrus field, and control group (dry field). In addition, the geo-accumulation index indicated that the heavy metal pollution at this area was caused by Pb and Cd and that Cd was the key environmental risk factor. With the Pb-Zn tailings, there was low microbial biomass carbon, biological entropy, and microbial carbon source metabolism in the soil samples. The highest soil organic carbon and heavy metal concentrations were found in the paddy field, followed by the corn field and citrus field. According to the DDGE results, it was found that Pycnoporus sp. ZW02.30 was found in control group soils, Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum were found in the corn field and citrus field, and Penicillium decumbens was found in citrus field. These were involved in the degradation of sugars, such as starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. However, the fungi were not found in the paddy field. Based on the low functional diversity of the soil microbial community and biological entropy as well as the high soil organic carbon concentration in the paddy field, it was concluded that soil microbial carbohydrate metabolism and the mineralization rate of the soil organic carbon was controlled by soil microorganisms, especially fungi, in different land use soils in the karst area contaminated by Pb-Zn tailings.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Binary alloys - Cadmium - Cellulose - Electrophoresis - Entropy - Fungi - Land use - Landforms - Lead alloys - Metabolism  - Microorganisms - Organic carbon - Physiology - Polymerase chain reaction - RNA - Soils - Tailings - Zinc alloys
Uncontrolled terms:BIOLOG - Gradient gel electrophoresis - Land use type - Lead-zinc tailing - Soil micro-organisms
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801  Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 811.3  Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709093

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 214>

Accession number:20184205948090
Title:Characteristics of N<inf>2</inf>O Release and Influencing Factors in Grass-type and Algae-type Zones of Taihu Lake During Summer
Authors:Zheng, Xiao-Lan (1, 2); Wen, Shuai-Long (1, 2); Li, Xin (1, 3); Gong, Wan-Qing (1, 2); Liu, De-Hong (1, 4); Zhong, Ji-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215000, China; (4) School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhong, Ji-Cheng(jczhong@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2306-2315
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Spatial heterogeneity of N<inf>2</inf>O generation and emissions in multi-ecotype lakes limited the accurate estimation of the N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes in lakes, but few studies on the characteristics of N<inf>2</inf>O generation and emissions have been conducted. In this study, N<inf>2</inf>O flux at the water-gas interface, dissolved N<inf>2</inf>O concentration in the water column, and N<inf>2</inf>O flux at the sediment-water interface in typical grass-type and algal-type zones of Taihu Lake were analyzed during summer, and indoor micro-environment experiments were conducted to illustrate the main factors affecting the generation and emissions of N<inf>2</inf>O. The results showed that the N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes at the water-gas interface, dissolved N<inf>2</inf>O concentration, and N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes at the sediment-water interface of the emergent macrophyte type area was higher than the algae-type area and submerged macrophyte area during the summer., with N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes at the water-gas interface of (115.807&plusmn;7.583), (79.768&plusmn;1.842), and (3.685&plusmn;0.295) &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The dissolved N<inf>2</inf>O concentration in the water column were (0.051&plusmn;0), (0.029&plusmn;0.001), and (0.018&plusmn;0) &mu;mol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively; and the N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes at the sediment-water interface were (178.275&plusmn;3.666), (160.685&plusmn;0.642), and (75.665&plusmn;1.016) &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The spatial difference could be attributed to dominant plants and the concentration of inorganic nitrogen in the water column. The results of micro-environment experiments showed that nitrate and organic carbon sources could significantly increase the N<inf>2</inf>O production potential of sediments, the high concentration of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N in the water column might inhibit the N<inf>2</inf>O production in sediments, and the production rates of N<inf>2</inf>O in the sediment increased remarkably when the incubation temperature increased, suggesting that the generation and emissions of N<inf>2</inf>O were mainly restricted by nitrate, organic carbon, and temperature in summer.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Phase interfaces
Controlled terms:Algae - Dissolution - Gas emissions - Gas plants - Lakes - Nitrates - Organic carbon - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Aquatic plants - Influencing factors - Sediment water interface - Taihu lakes - Water gas
Classification code:483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 522  Gas Fuels - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709212

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 215>

Accession number:20184205948081
Title:Pollution Characteristics of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors:Sun, Jia-Wei (1); Ding, Wei-Nan (1); Zhang, Zhan-En (1); Wang, Jun-Xia (1); Gu, Hai-Dong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technolgy, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Zhan-En(zhanenzhang@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2230-2238
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sewage water, the influent of the secondary sedimentation tanks, the final effluent, sludge from biological pools, and dewatered excess sludge samples from eight wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs) in Suzhou, including those from seven A<sup>2</sup>/O processes and one oxidation ditch process, were collected in 2017 to study the pollution characteristics of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in WWPTs. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) combined with a solid-phase extraction method was used to detect the concentration of 10 organic phosphorus flame retardant (OPFRs). The removal efficiency of OPFRs was compared and final daily emissions were estimated. The results showed seven kinds of OPFRs were detected in the influent, final effluent, and sludge. The total content of OPFRs in the influent ranged from 0.74 to 222.65 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (average 65.56 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), while the content in the final effluent was between 0.46 and 175.41 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (average 22.99 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The concentration in the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank was between 0.48 and 178.14 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (average 43.14 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The daily emission of OPFRs in final effluent was 36.69-2 177.12 g&bull;d<sup>-1</sup>. The content in the dewatered excess sludge was between 89.32 and 596.24 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> dw (average 249.35 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> dw), the minimum daily emission was 3.57-7.15 kg&bull;d<sup>-1</sup>, and the maximum was 47.70-95.40 kg&bull;d<sup>-1</sup>. The oxidation ditch process has a good removal rate of OPFRs, at 92%, while the A<sup>2</sup>/O process removal rate covered a large range from 11%-99%. Three chlorinated OPFRs, TCEP, TCPP, and TDCPP, were the main components in the influent and final effluent, mainly because of the large consumption of OPFRs and also because the removal rate by the traditional wastewater treatment technology was low.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Biological sewage treatment - Biological water treatment - Dewatering - Effluent treatment - Flame retardants - Oxidation - Phase separation - Reclamation - Settling tanks - Sewage  - Sewage lagoons - Sewage pumping plants - Solvent extraction - Toxicity - Wastewater treatment - Water pollution - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Accelerated solvent extraction - A^2/O - Organophosphorus flame retardants - Oxidation ditch - Secondary sedimentation tanks - Solid phase extraction method - Wastewater treatment plants - Wastewater treatment technologies
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.30e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.31e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.60e-07kg/m3 to 1.75e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.80e-07kg/m3 to 1.78e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.56e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.40e-07kg/m3 to 2.23e-04kg/m3, Percentage 1.10e+01% to 9.90e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709103

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 216>

Accession number:20184205947391
Title:Nitrifying Bacteria Culture in Entrapment Immobilization
Authors:Yang, Hong (1); Hu, Yin-Long (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2763-2769
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to realize the industrialization of nitrifying bacteria enrichment cultivation and large-scale application of entrapment immobilization, activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant was used as the seed sludge. The concentration of substrate was increased progressively in an industrialized tank. Nitrifying bacteria were grown rapidly by controlling the concentration of FA and FNA, and the ammonia oxidation rate reached 118 mg&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> eventually. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that Nitrosomonas, nitrifying bacteria, was only 0.53% of the bacteria. After exposing it to an enrichment culture, the content of Nitrosomonas rose to 10.27%, 20 times larger than that in the raw sludge. Diversity was significantly smaller at the same time. After embedding immobilization with PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), the embedded fillers nitrification load was 30%. A continuous-flow approach was utilized in the recovery phase, and the nitrification loading rate reached a high level, 62 mg&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, and efficient recovery of the biologically active fillers was achieved.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Ammonia - Bacteria - Fillers - Seed - Sewage treatment plants - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge - Ammonia oxidation - Continuous flows - Enrichment culture - High-throughput sequencing - Large-scale applications - Nitrifying bacteria - Recovery phase
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.03e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 5.30e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710099

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 217>

Accession number:20184205947833
Title:Screening and Identification of Arsenic-resistant Endophytic Bacteria from Different Rice Tissues (Oryza sativa L.) in Different Growth Stages
Authors:Wang, Bo-Xun (1, 2); Wang, Xue-Dong (1); Duan, Gui-Lan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Department of Soil Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xue-Dong(wangxuedong9801@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2464-2471
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Soil microorganisms are critical for arsenic transport and transformation in the soil-plant system. Endophytes are a very rich microbial resource, but to date no study has reported the responses of endophytes to arsenic pollution. In this study, the cultivable endophytic bacteria were isolated from the root, stem, leaf, and panicle of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Yongyou-538) at the seedling stage, tillering stage, flowering stage, and productive stage. All isolates were first screened by 1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>arsenite [As(&#8546;)] and 10 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>arsenate [As(&#8548;)], and further screened by 2 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8546;) and 20 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8548;). From this study, a total of 126 strains of rice endophytes were obtained, belonging to 13 genera. Among them, 37 strains (8 genus) were isolated from the rice seedling stage, 25 strains (5 genus) were isolated from the rice tillering stage, 24 strains (8 genus) from the rice flowering stage, and 30 strains (8 genus) from the rice productive stage. The dominant genera were Bacillus sp., Psoudomonas sp., and Acinetobacter sp. After twice screening, 20 strains were found to be resistant to 1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8546;) and 10 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8548;), including 16 strains that were resistant to 2 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8546;) and 13 strains were resistant to 20 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> As(&#8548;). Importantly, the strain CS1 was found to be the most resistant bacteria to both As(&#8546;) and As(&#8548;) among all the isolated strains.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Arsenic - Bacteriology
Uncontrolled terms:16s rDNA - Arsenic resistance - Different growth stages - Endophytic bacteria - Resistant bacteria - Rice - Soil micro-organisms - Transport and transformation
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709184

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 218>

Accession number:20184205947380
Title:Spatial-Temporal Variations of CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> Flux Through a Water-air Interface Under the Effect of Primary Productivity in Wulixia Reservoir
Authors:Peng, Wen-Jie (1, 2); Li, Qiang (2, 3); Song, Ang (2, 3); Jin, Zhen-Jiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) International Research Centre on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Qiang(glqiangli@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2673-2679
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the effect of greenhouse gas has been a focus. In order to reveal the spatial-temporal variations of CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> flux through a water-air interface, Wulixia reservoir was selected as a typical case for measuring CO<inf>2</inf>and CH<inf>4</inf> flux using a floating chamber during four study periods in 2016.The primary productivity of the water was also studied. The results indicate that surface-layer water in Wulixia reservoir is a CO<inf>2</inf> sink in summer, varying between -30.14 and -3.47 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. However, it is the source of CO<inf>2</inf> in autumn and winter, varying between 15.57 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 115.06 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The variation of methane flux is obvious in summer, but it is stable in autumn and winter. The spatial distribution of CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> show that they are higher in the typical bay area and lower in the tailing dam as well as in the drawdown zone of the reservoir. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation of CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> are negatively and positively correlated with primary productivity (r -0.477 and 0.771), respectively. Due to the high activity of photosynthetic micro- organisms in summer, CO<inf>2</inf> can be sequestered, allowing the surface-layer water in Wulixia reservoir to be a CO<inf>2</inf> sink. In addition, methanogenic bacteria can oxidize organic carbon produced by photosynthetic micro-organisms. Therefore, CH<inf>4</inf> has a negative correlation with primary productivity. The results provide important information for the study of microorganism functions in karst water systems.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Phase interfaces
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Greenhouse effect - Greenhouse gases - Microorganisms - Organic carbon - Photosynthesis - Phytoplankton - Reservoirs (water) - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Greenhouse gases fluxes - Methane fluxes - Negative correlation - Primary productivity - Spatial and temporal variation - Spatial temporals - Surface layers - Water-air interface
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 461.9  Biology - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709119

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 219>

Accession number:20184205948091
Title:Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Characteristics and Their Influencing Factors in the Algae Zone of Lake Taihu
Authors:Jia, Lei (1); Pu, Yi-Ni (1); Yang, Shi-Jun (1); Su, Rong-Ming-Zhu (1); Qin, Zhi-Hao (1); Zhang, Mi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Mi(zhangm.80@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2316-2329
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to identify CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux characteristics and their impact factors in the algal lake zone of Lake Taihu, CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> fluxes were observed by the improved closed chamber method in Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu. The relationships between CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> flux and meteorological factors were analyzed. The results showed that CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> fluxes had obvious diurnal variations. The CH<inf>4</inf> flux in the daytime was higher than that in the nighttime in spring; however, the CH<inf>4</inf> flux in the nighttime was higher than that in the daytime in summer. The CO<inf>2</inf> uptake flux in the daytime was higher than that in the nighttime in spring and summer. The algae zone of Lake Taihu was a CH<inf>4</inf> source for the atmosphere. The average CH<inf>4</inf> flux was 4.047 nmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup> and 40.779 nmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup> in spring and summer, respectively. The zone was the CO<inf>2</inf> sink for the atmosphere in spring and summer. The average CO<inf>2</inf> flux was -0.160 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>and -0.033 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup> in spring and summer, respectively. On an hourly scale, the CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux was positively correlated with air temperature and water temperature (r=0.20, P&lt;0.01 and r=0.34, P&lt;0.01, respectively). When wind speed was lower than 6 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>, the CH<inf>4</inf>flux was positively correlated with wind speed (r=0.71, P&lt;0.01). The CO<inf>2</inf> uptake flux had a significant positive correlation with air temperature and wind speed (r=0.14, P&lt;0.01 and r=0.33, P&lt;0.05, respectively). However, the CO<inf>2</inf> uptake flux was negatively correlated with air pressure and solar radiation (r=-0.41, P&lt;0.01 and r=-0.35, P&lt;0.01, respectively). The CO<inf>2</inf> efflux had a significant positive correlation with wind speed (r=0.40, P&lt;0.05). The CO<inf>2</inf> efflux was negatively correlated with solar radiation (r=-0.35, P&lt;0.01). On a daily scale, the CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux had a significant positive correlation with air temperature and water temperature (r=0.83, P&lt;0.01 and r=0.78, P&lt;0.01, respectively).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Barium compounds
Controlled terms:Algae - Atmospheric temperature - Carbon dioxide - Fluxes - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Lakes - Solar radiation - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Closed chambers - Closed-chamber method - Emission characteristics - Influencing factors - Lake taihu - Meteorological factors - Positive correlations - Water temperatures
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 657.1  Solar Energy and Phenomena - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Velocity 6.00e+00m/s to 2.20e+01m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708123

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 220>

Accession number:20184205948086
Title:Sludge Conditioning Performance of Polyaluminum, Polyferric, and Titanium Xerogel Coagulants
Authors:Wang, Xiao-Meng (1); Wang, Xin (1); Yang, Ming-Hui (1); Zhang, Shu-Juan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Shu-Juan(sjzhang@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2274-2282
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The sludge conditioning performance of inorganic Al, Fe, and Ti coagulants were systematically compared in terms of specific resistance to filtration (SRF), the content of protein and polysaccharide in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), the change in three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence (3D-EEM), the molecular weight of organic matter in EPS, and the floc size and surface morphology. The sludge conditioning ability and the mechanism were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the sludge conditioning ability of the three inorganic coagulants was in the order of polyaluminum chloride (PAC)&gt;titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC)&gt;polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS). After conditioning, the contents of protein and polysaccharide in the EPS were greatly reduced, especially in the loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS). The combined capacity for coagulation between TXC/PFS and organic matter was stronger than that of PAC. The content of polysaccharide in LB-EPS was the key factor affecting the sludge dewatering performance but not the coagulated floc size. The surface charge and the chelating ability with organic matter co-determined the sludge dewatering ability. The organic cationic polymer, polyacrylamide (PAM), made the sludge aggregate via charge neutralization. However, the use of PAM alone was not a good choice owing to the low dewatering ability and the loose sludge structure. The results here are helpful for the selection of suitable coagulants for sludge conditioning.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Coagulation
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chlorine compounds - Dewatering - Iron compounds - Organic compounds - Proteins - Sulfur compounds - Titanium - Xerogels
Uncontrolled terms:Charge neutralization - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Inorganic coagulants - Polyaluminum chloride - Polymeric ferric sulfate - Sludge conditioning - Specific resistance to filtration
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 542.3  Titanium and Alloys - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710205

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 221>

Accession number:20184205948079
Title:Mechanism of As(Ⅴ)Removal from Water by Lanthanum and Cerium Modified Biochars
Authors:Li, Jin (1, 2); Zu, Yan-Qun (1); Li, Gang (3); Sun, Guo-Xin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; 650201, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Guo-Xin(gxsun@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2211-2218
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Loaded lanthanum or cerium biochars were prepared by one step pyrolysis of La(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>3</inf>-laden or Ce(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>3</inf>-laden rice hulls and were employed for enhancing the adsorption of As(&#8548;) from water. In contrast with BC and Ce-BC in this study, La-BC had better adsorption capacity in the acidic condition. The maximum adsorption capacity could reach 20.1 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. With increased pH, the adsorption capacity of La-BC was reduced. The highest adsorption capacity reached 39.1 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (pH=5) and the lowest was 17.6 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (pH=9). The resulting La-BC with As(&#8548;) adsorption was characterized by SEM-EDS, FTIR, and XPS. There were two types of active adsorption sites for As(&#8548;), oxygen-rich functional groups and lanthanum oxide. Although Ce-BC had oxygen-rich functional groups and cerium oxide, it was unable to participate in the adsorption of As(&#8548;) from water.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Water treatment
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Cerium - Cerium oxide - Lanthanum - Oxygen
Uncontrolled terms:Acidic conditions - Active adsorption - Adsorption capacities - Bio chars - Rice hulls - SEM-EDS
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 547.2  Rare Earth Metals - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709215

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 222>

Accession number:20184205947366
Title:Emission Characteristics of Dehydrated Sugar and Acephenanthrylene in Particles from Tropical Forest Burning
Authors:Jin, Cheng-Miao (1); Cui, Min (1); Han, Yong (1); Chen, Ying-Jun (1); Tang, Jiao (2); Li, Jun (2); Zhang, Gan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Ying-Jun(yjchentj@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2538-2547
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Forest vegetation burning is an important source of atmospheric particulates. In this study, 22 kinds of typical tropical trees in Southeast Asia, which can be divided into evergreen trees, deciduous trees, and shrubs, were selected for experimentation. The emission characteristics of dehydrated sugar, acephenanthrylene, aceanthrylene, and retene were analyzed. The trend of the average emission factor for total sugar was evergreen trees (1.56 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;1.01 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&lt;shrubs (1.99 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;0.64 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&lt;deciduous trees (5.38 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;7.18 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). Furthermore, the trend of the average emission factor of acephenanthrylene was evergreen trees (2.63 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;2.44 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) &asymp; shrubs (2.46 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>g&plusmn;2.14 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&lt;deciduous trees (6.07 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;8.50 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). For ratios of organic biomarkers, the average ratios of Lev/Man for trees and shrubs were 20.6&plusmn;11.90 and 23.2&plusmn;9.20, respectively. The range of Lev/Man was 5.8-51.5 in this study. The average ratios of AP/AC for trees and shrubs were 7.13&plusmn;5.18 and 5.53&plusmn;1.51, respectively. Compared with the dehydrated sugar, which was affected by more conditions, the analysis methods of aromatic hydrocarbons were simple. Furthermore, although the ratio of AP/AC was less stable than that of FL/PY in this manuscript, AP/AC was less affected by other sources of pollution and had higher specificity. In conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of each organic biomarker can be synthetically considered in terms of biomass source analysis in order to improve accuracy, and acephenanthrylene was a better choice than other biomarkers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Forestry
Controlled terms:Aromatic hydrocarbons - Biomarkers - Tropics
Uncontrolled terms:Acephenanthrylene - Atmospheric particulate matter - Biomass-burning - Levoglucosan - Tracer compounds
Classification code:443  Meteorology - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711001

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 223>

Accession number:20184205947407
Title:Influence of Biochar Application on Growth and Antioxidative Responses of Macrophytes in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands
Authors:Huang, Lei (1, 2); Chen, Yu-Cheng (1, 2); Zhao, Ya-Qi (1, 2); Xiao, Guang-Quan (1, 2); Yang, Zhi-Min (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaning, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2904-2910
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Constructed wetlands (CWs) have high potential for wastewater treatment in developing countries because of their operational convenience and low maintenance costs. However, rapid accumulation of macrophytes in these wetlands, as a result of plant litter recycling, can lead to lower removal efficiencies. Periodic harvesting is consider to be the effective measure to maintain the wastewater treatment performance, and so a lot of harvested plant waste needs to be properly disposed of. However, in China, plant waste is usually used for agricultural burning and the greenhouse gas emissions bring adverse effects on the atmospheric environment. In the traditional subsurface flow CW, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is low, resulting in long-term anoxic or anaerobic conditions, which will bring damages to plant body, such as membrane lipid peroxidation and protein and DNA damage. Generally, the addition of biochar to CWs is beneficial for aeration, and improves the internal environment of wetlands. Hence, the effects of plant biochar on the pollutant purification efficiencies in CWs were studied, and the role of biochar in macrophyte growth and antioxidative response was investigated. Based on the results of biochar application in agricultural fields, the harvested wetland plant straw was pyrolyzed to biochar at 500 &#8451; under a dynamic high-purity nitrogen atmosphere. The wetland plant Acorus calamus L. (AC) was chosen for this study. The impact characteristics of biochar on AC were studied in five independent CWs built in a greenhouse, by combining the analyses of growth and antioxidative responses of plants. Results showed that the removals of ammonium (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly enhanced when biochar was added to CWs and that higher long-term nitrogen removal rates were achieved when the biochar application rate was increased. The photosynthetic pigment content in AC increased significantly with increasing biochar application rate. This stimulated photosynthesis and increased the soluble protein (SP) and plant biomass amounts. Further, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was strengthened with the addition of biochar. This helped enhance the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N metabolism and increased the relative uptake rate of AC. This study confirmed that long-term anoxic or anaerobic conditions in CWs cause membrane lipid oxidation in plants. However, the activity of the antioxidative response system was promoted with the addition of biochar, significantly decreasing the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in the plants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Developing countries - Dissolved oxygen - Efficiency - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Harvesting - Lipids - Nitrogen removal - Proteins  - Waste treatment - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Acorus calamus L - Antioxidative response - Bio chars - Plant growth - Subsurface flow constructed wetlands
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 913.1  Production Engineering
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801061

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 224>

Accession number:20184205947390
Title:Shortcut Nitrification Rapid Start and Stability of Corn Starch Wastewater
Authors:Long, Bei-Sheng (1); Liu, Xun-Lei (1); Liu, Hong-Bo (1); Yang, Jing-Xin (2); Yuan, Shu-Sen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Water Conservancy and Environment Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun; 130012, China; (2) Jilin Zoratech Environmental Engineering Company Limited, Changchun; 130031, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2756-2762
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A rapid startup shortcut nitrification method is researched with suppression factors, such as high temperature, high pH, low DO, etc., in a SBR reactor, with anaerobic effluent (C/N 0.93-1.53) from a certain corn starch company wastewater treatment station. Targeting the already started up shortcut nitrification system, the stability and control strategy are studied further after cancelling the high pH and high temperature limiting factors. Results show that shortcut nitrification (NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N accumulation rate above 80%) can be quick-started after 17 cycles of domestication and culture when the controlling temperature is (30&plusmn;1)&#8451;, the pH is 7.8-8.2, and the DO of the regular nitrification section is 0.7-1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, combined with on-line control of the pH and DO parameters in the nitrification process. When the limits of high pH and high temperature are cancelled for the already started-up shortcut nitrification system, long-term stable operation can be obtained for a shortcut nitrification of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N accumulation rate above 98% under the conditions of sufficient alkalinity, temperature 23-24&#8451;, and DO 0.7-1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in the regular nitrification section, combined with the on-line control of nitrification process. The control strategies can be summarized as: first, the shortcut nitrification is rapidly started up under high temperature, high pH, and relatively low DO suppression factors, and then the high pH and high temperature limitation factors are eliminated. The control strategies have good practical significance for realizing the long-term stable shortcut nitrification for corn starch wastewater with relatively high ammonia nitrogen concentration and relatively high temperature.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Ammonia - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Nitrogen oxides - pH - Process control - Starch - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation rates - Ammonia nitrogen - Anaerobic effluents - Control strategies - Corn starch - Nitrification process - Shortcut nitrification - Stability and control
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.00e-04kg/m3 to 1.00e-03kg/m3, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710135

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 225>

Accession number:20184205947408
Title:Effect of Iron on the Release of Arsenic in Flooded Paddy Soils
Authors:Wang, Xin (1); Zhong, Song-Xiong (2, 3); Chen, Zhi-Liang (1); He, Hong-Fei (2); Dong, Jia-Hua (1); Chen, Xiao-Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510665, China; (2) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Zhong, Song-Xiong(sxzhong123@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2911-2918
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil are critical adsorbents of arsenic. The flooding period during rice cultivation contributes to the reductive dissolution of these amorphous iron oxides, which releases sorbed arsenic into the paddy soil solution. However, more detailed work should be conducted to evaluate quantitatively arsenic immobilization, release, and transformation regulated by metastable amorphous iron oxides. In previous studies, arsenic in the soil solution phase and solid phase were classified into F1 (exchangeable arsenic), F2 (specifically sorbed arsenic), F3 (amorphous iron oxide bound arsenic), and F4 (crystalline iron oxide bound arsenic), according to a sequential extraction procedure using reagents of increasing dissolution strength. In this study, soil samples were collected from the vicinity of a silver smelting plant in Chenzhou, Hunan Province, and the contribution of different arsenic speciation (F1, F2, F3, and F4) to arsenic release during anaerobic enrichment incubation of paddy soil was investigated. Sample analysis was conducted at the end of the first phase (day 15) and the second phase (day 30). The effects of amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil on migration and transformation of arsenic were discussed. Results showed significant elevation of dissolved Fe(&#8545;) and arsenic concentration (P&lt;0.05) in enrichment solutions in the second phase compared with that in the first phase. Arsenic released in the soil solution in both phases originated from exchangeable arsenic and specifically sorbed arsenic, as indicated by its significantly positive correlation with F1 and F2 (r=0.73, P&lt;0.05; r=0.657, P&lt;0.05). However, an insignificant positive correlation was found between the arsenic released and F3. Moreover, HCl-extractable Fe(&#8545;) was significantly and positively correlated with arsenic (r=0.577, P&lt;0.05; r=0.613, P&lt;0.05), while amorphous iron oxides were significantly and negatively correlated with arsenic (r=-0.428, P=0.126; r=-0.564, P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, arsenic in the F1 and F2 fractions acted as the major source of released arsenic. Despite elevated levels of HCl-extractable Fe(&#8545;) that might result from the slight reductive dissolution of amorphous iron oxide, the significant negative correlation between dissolved arsenic and amorphous iron oxides indicated that metastable amorphous iron oxides in anaerobic paddy soil can generally sorb dissolved arsenic effectively, resulting in lower mobility of arsenic. Increasing the level of amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil is conducive to inactivation of arsenic.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Iron oxides
Controlled terms:Arsenic - Dissolution - Floods - Iron - Smelting - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Amorphous iron oxides - Arsenic concentration - Flooded and anaerobic - Microenvironments - Paddy soils - Positive correlations - Reductive dissolution - Sequential extraction procedure
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 533.2  Metal Refining - 545.1  Iron - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711156

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 226>

Accession number:20184205948088
Title:Effect of Different Ratios of Anaerobic Time and Aeration Time on the Formation of Partial Nitrification Granules
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Guo, Yue-Zhou (1); Cao, Mei-Zhong (1); Lao, Hui-Mei (1); Li, Shuai (2); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2289-2295
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Flocculent sludge with good nitritation performance and MLSS and SVI values of 3 500 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 162 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, was inoculated in the R1, R2, and R3 groups of the same SBR reactors at room temperature (22-28&#8451;). The effects of different anaerobic time and aeration time ratios (1:2, 1:1, and 2:1) on the formation of partial nitrification granular sludge were studied. The results showed that granules in three reactors were successfully formed at 103 d, 82 d, and 64 d. The nitrosation rate of R1, R2, and R3 were 86%, 98%, and 96%, respectively, and SVI decreased to 89, 75, and 58 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and MLSS increased to 2 314, 2 781, and 2 946 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, at the 85 d. The larger ratio of anaerobic time and aeration time was more conducive to sludge granulation, better settling, and nitritation performance. When the anaerobic time and aeration time ratio was 1:2, the nitritation performance of the sludge decreased since the NOB could not be suppressed, and the settling performance of the sludge became better and then worse. In addition, at the larger ratio of anaerobic time and aeration time, there was more PN and PS from microbial secretion. The PN of R1, R2, and R3 was smaller at the end of the anaerobic phase compared to that of the aerobic phase in the early stage of granular formation, but were reversed in the stabilization stage. The PS of the anaerobic phase was larger than that of the aerobic stage over the entire process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Granulation
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic phase - Flocculent sludge - Granular sludge - Nitritation - Nitrosation - Partial nitrification - Time ratio
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.95e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.50e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.60e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.62e-01m3/kg to 2.20e-02m3/kg, Specific_Volume 5.80e-02m3/kg to 2.20e-02m3/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 227>

Accession number:20184205947386
Title:Distribution and Treatment of Antibiotics in Typical WWTPs in Small Towns in China
Authors:Chai, Yu-Feng (1, 2); Zhang, Yu-Xiu (1); Chen, Mei-Xue (2, 3); Wang, Rui (2, 3); Liu, Meng-Meng (2, 3); Zheng, Jia-Xi (2, 3); Wei, Yuan-Song (2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical &amp; Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (4) Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang; 330029, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Yu-Xiu(zhangyuxiu@cumtb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2724-2731
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:As a new, persistent pollutant in the environment, antibiotics are one of the most important pollutants in sewage treatment plants. The objective of this work was to investigate the concentration distribution and removal efficiency of antibiotics for three typical wastewater treatment technologies applied in small towns (CASS, A<sup>2</sup>/O, and Orbal oxidation ditch) using solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Sixteen typical antibiotics, including four tetracyclines, three &beta;-lactams, four macrolides, three quinolones, and two sulfonamides, were analyzed in the influent and effluent. In addition, the relationship between the presence of antibiotics and the basic water quality (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TN, COD, pH, etc.) in the WWTPs was analyzed. The results showed that ofloxacin (OFX) and norfloxacin (NOR) were the main antibiotics in the WWTPs in this study. However, the concentrations of these two antibiotics in the effluent were low, indicating effective antibiotic removal efficiency. The antibiotic removal efficiency was higher than 60% in five of the WWTPs. Compared with the A<sup>2</sup>/O process, the CASS and Orbal oxidation ditch technologies resulted in higher removals of most of the antibiotics. In addition, the CASS and A<sup>2</sup>/O processes worked best for the removal of &beta;-lactam [ampicillin (AMP) and penicillin (PCN)], quinolones (ENR, NOR, and OFX), and macrolide (CLR), while the Orbal oxidation ditch worked best for the removal of tetracyclines (TC and OTC) and sulfonamides [sulfadiazine (SD)]. The correlation between antibiotic concentration and the basic parameters of water quality (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TN, COD, pH, etc.) was analyzed, and it was found that the water quality parameters had some effect on the concentration of antibiotics. With higher concentrations of the basic water quality parameters, higher the concentration of erythromycin (EM), roxithromycin (ROX), 4-epi-Tetracycline (E-TC), clarithromycin (CLR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ofloxacin (OFX), epioxytetracycline (E-OTC), tetracyclines (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), and norfloxacin (NOR) were observed. In summary, it is important to ensure the stable operation of small town WWTPs to reduce the ecological risk of antibiotics.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Antibiotics
Controlled terms:Amides - Chemical oxygen demand - Efficiency - Effluents - Liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Metabolites - Oxidation - Phase separation - Pollution  - Removal - Sewage lagoons - Sulfur compounds - Wastewater treatment - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic concentration - Concentration distributions - Small towns - Solid-phase extraction - SPE-LC-MS - Wastewater treatment technologies - Water quality parameters - WWTP
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710104

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 228>

Accession number:20184205947373
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Estuary of the Tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir, SW China
Authors:Fang, Zhi-Qing (1, 2); Chen, Qiu-Yu (1); Yin, De-Liang (1); Wang, Zhi-Kang (2); Sun, Tao (1); Wang, Yong-Min (1, 3); Xie, De-Ti (1, 3); Wang, Ding-Yong (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang; 550025, China; (3) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ding-Yong(dywang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2607-2614
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the pollution status of sediments at the junction of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, sediment samples were collected over four seasons from the junction of the estuary located at a tributary of the Ruxi River and the Yangtze River. The content of eight heavy metals (HMs), including Cr, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb, in sediments was determined by ICP-MS. The results showed the average levels of investigated HMs (in mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) were Cr (45.24), Zn (46.46), Mn (406.14), Ni (20.885), Cu (12.49), As (7.02), Cd (0.253), and Pb (11.042). The distribution analysis indicated that the levels of HMs at the river mouth were higher than that of the tributaries of the middle reaches and the two sections nearby. The seasonal distribution shows that the heavy metal content in the spring sediment is higher than in summer, autumn and winter. In addition, the correlation analysis indicated that the eight HMs possessed similar homologous characteristics and had common exogenous inputs. The assessment of the Geo Accumulation Index showed slight Cd pollution in the estuary of Ruxi River, and the Potential Ecological Risk index showed that Cd presented moderate ecological risks. The toxic effect of benthonic organisms was possibly correlated to Ni contamination at the intersection of the tributary and main stream, which was supported by the evidence from the sediment quality criteria. In conclusion, the rating of ecological risk at the mouth of the Ruxi River tributary is slight.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Estuaries - Heavy metals - Nickel - Risk assessment - Rivers - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution - Distribution characteristics - Geo-accumulation index - Potential ecological risk - Seasonal distributions - Sediment quality criterion - Three gorges reservoir - Three gorges reservoir area
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 548.1  Nickel - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711066

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 229>

Accession number:20184205948083
Title:Operating Characteristics and Fouling Characteristics of a RO Membrane System for Desalination of Dyeing Wastewater
Authors:Tan, Yu-Jun (1, 2); Zhang, Ze-Tian (1, 2); Wu, Qian-Yuan (1); Yao, Ying (3); Hu, Hong-Ying (2, 4); Qiu, Pei-Wen (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen; 518055, China; (2) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) Foshan Jialida Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan; 528000, China; (4) Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen; 518055, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Qian-Yuan(wuqianyuan@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2249-2255
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The reverse osmosis (RO) process is of great significance for the desalination and reclamation of dyeing wastewater. However, fouling of RO membranes has been a severe problem and key limiting factor in the widespread application of the RO process. The operating characteristics and fouling characteristics of a RO membrane system for desalination of dyeing wastewater were investigated in an industrial park in Guangdong Province. The results showed that the COD and turbidity of RO influent after ozone oxidation-sand filtration-ultrafiltration (UF) processes were 12.4 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and&lt;1 NTU, respectively, with a stable desalination rate of the RO system of around 98%. The COD and turbidity of the RO effluent were 0.7 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.12 NTU, respectively. However, after 3 years of operation, the pressure drop across the membrane reached 0.6 MPa, and the permeate flux decreased to 120 m<sup>3</sup>&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, which could not be restored to its original flux by chemical cleaning. The organic and inorganic matter occupied (53.5&plusmn;0.2)% and (46.5&plusmn;0.2)% of the deposits on the RO membrane, respectively, suggesting both organic and inorganic fouling were the main problems for the RO membrane. Si, Al, and Ca were major inorganic elements on the RO membrane. Large amounts of Si, Al, and organic matter deposited on the RO membrane were dissolved easily by alkaline (NaOH) solution than acid (HCl) solution.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Wastewater reclamation
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Chemical cleaning - Chemical oxygen demand - Chlorine compounds - Desalination - Dyeing - Effluents - Membrane fouling - Membranes - Reverse osmosis  - Sodium hydroxide - Turbidity
Uncontrolled terms:Dyeing wastewater - Fouling characteristics - Guangdong Province - Inorganic elements - Membrane autopsies - Operating characteristics - RO process - System performance
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.00e+00yr, Mass_Density 1.24e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Pressure 6.00e+05Pa
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707020

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 230>

Accession number:20184205948064
Title:Distribution and Settlement of Microplastics in the Surface Sediment of Yangtze Estuary
Authors:Zhu, Xiao-Tong (1); Yi, Jun (1, 2); Qiang, Li-Yuan (1); Cheng, Jin-Ping (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200062, China; (2) Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen; 518057, China; (3) Environmental Science Programs, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Jin-Ping(jinpingcheng@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2067-2074
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study is designed to understand the microplastic contamination in the coastal area of Yangtze estuary. The abundance and distribution profiles of microplastics in the surface sediment of six sampling sites along the Yangtze estuary were examined throughout one year. The detected average concentration of microplastic, including fibers and fragments, in the surface sediment of Yangtze estuary was (3.42&plusmn;1.31) items&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (DW). Sampling during four seasons, in the months of January, April, July, and November, indicated that the highest abundance of microplastics in Yangtze estuary surface sediment occurred in January. A re-suspension experiment showed that microplastics tend to settle in the surface sediment after re-suspension. The distribution and settlement of microplastics along the coastal area has a high concordance with the dynamic erosion-accretion process of the Yangtze estuary. Microplastics tend to settle in accretion sites rather than in erosion sites.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Suspended sediments
Controlled terms:Coastal zones - Erosion - Estuaries - Surficial sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution - Microplastics - Seasonal patterns - Surface sediments - Yangtze Estuary
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709032

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 231>

Accession number:20184205948055
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Road Dust PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Spring in Tianjin Using the Quadrat Sampling Method
Authors:Zhao, Jing-Qi (1); Ji, Ya-Qin (1); Zhang, Lei (1); Wang, Shi-Bao (1); Li, Yue-Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, Ya-Qin(jiyaqin@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1994-1999
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to collect comprehensive information regarding the characteristics and sources of the water-soluble inorganic ions in road dust (RD) PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Tianjin, samples of road dust were collected in April 2015 in Tianjin, and then re-suspended on filters using a NK-ZXF sampler. The concentrations of the major water-soluble inorganic ions were analyzed by ion chromatography. A correlation analysis, ratio method, and principal component analysis were used to analyze the sources of RD PM<inf>2.5</inf>. The results showed that the total water-soluble inorganic ion concentration in Tianjin accounted for 6.13%&plusmn;2.32%, varying with different road types. Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> showed high homology. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>/SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> revealed that the main source of PM<inf>2.5</inf> was mostly attributed to fixed sources. The principal component analysis showed that the main sources of RD PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Tianjin were coal combustion, mobile sources, biomass burning, and construction dust.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Coal dust - Ion chromatography - Ions - Roads and streets
Uncontrolled terms:PM2.5 - Road dusts - Source apportionment - Tianjin - Water soluble inorganic ions
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 503  Mines and Mining, Coal - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 801  Chemistry - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710092

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 232>

Accession number:20184205948093
Title:Characteristics of CO<inf>2</inf> Flux in a Mature Apple (Malus demestica) Orchard Ecosystem on the Loess Plateau
Authors:Yang, Jian-Feng (1); Yang, Xiao-Ni (1); Wang, Jun-Hua (1); Duan, Yu-Min (1); Qi, Xiang-Ning (1); Zhang, Lin-Sen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Lin-Sen(linsenzhang@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2339-2350
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Apples (Malus demestica) in the Loess Plateau region are grown in the largest apple orchards in the world and China, playing an important role in the improvement of the ecological environment. However, there is little research on the scale of the ecological system of the apple orchard in the Loess Plateau region. In this study, the CO<inf>2</inf> flux of a mature apple orchard in the Loess Plateau region was observed using an eddy covariance technique in the Shannxi Province. Based on the observation data sets observed from January 2016 to December 2016, a quantitative analysis of the apple orchard net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (R<inf>eco</inf>), total ecosystem primary productivity (GPP) changes at different time scales, changes in main meteorological factors, the effects of soil temperature (T<inf>s</inf>) and air temperature (T<inf>a</inf>) at different levels, and PAR on NEE were discussed. The results showed that during the study period, the apple orchard ecosystem NEE monthly totals were positive (as a carbon source) in the non-growing season in December, January, February and March, were negative (a carbon sink) in the growing season from April to November, and functioned as a strong carbon sink year round. The maximum peak NEE (absolute value) monthly average daily change appeared in August [-17.08 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>], and the smallest peak appeared in November [-4.47 &mu;mol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>] during the growing season. The NEE monthly average daily change value during the non-growing season is very weak, though the change is not obvious. GPP, R<inf>eco</inf>, and NEE maximum daily total values were 11.12, 5.04, and -7.34 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. GPP, R<inf>eco</inf>, and NEE maximum monthly total values were 238.97, 105.38, and -144.44 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;month)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, as GPP and NEE maintained high cumulative values that were relatively stable from May through August. The annual GPP, R<inf>eco</inf>, and NEE were 1 223.2, 525.2, and -698.0 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>. The observations show that the mature apple orchard ecosystem in the Chinese Loess Plateau has a relatively high carbon sequestration capacity. Nighttime ecosystem respiration R<inf>eco.n</inf> was positively correlated with the soil temperature and air temperature at different levels, and the correlation coefficients were T<inf>s-5 cm</inf>&gt;T<inf>s-10 cm</inf>&gt;T<inf>a-4 m</inf>&gt;T<inf>a-8 m</inf>, The photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) can explain more than 80% of the daytime NEE changes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Ecosystems
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Fruits - Landforms - Orchards - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Apple orchards - Carbon sink - CO2 fluxes - Eddy covariance - Loess Plateau
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1  Geology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709216

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 233>

Accession number:20184205948067
Title:Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) and Relationship with Dissolved Heavy Metals in a Peri-urban and an Urban River
Authors:Liang, Meng-Qi (1); Shao, Mei-Ling (1); Cao, Chang-Li (2, 3); Zong, Ya-Nan (1, 3); Tang, Jian-Feng (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (3) Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo; 315830, China 
Corresponding author:Tang, Jian-Feng(jftang@iue.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2095-2103
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, playing an important role in the fate of heavy metals in aquatic systems. In this study, we characterized the DOM and heavy metals and their distribution in a peri-urban river and an urban river in Ningbo city. In addition, the relationship between DOM and dissolved heavy metals was also determined. Results showed that higher DOC, CDOM, and FDOM concentrations were found in the river with the higher urbanization level. Four fluorescence peaks were identified in the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) of DOM, including fulvic acid-like fluorescence peaks A and C and protein-like fluorescence peaks B and T. The higher fluorescence intensities of peak B and T were found in the urban river, and similar trends were also found for the degree of humification and aromaticity of DOM. Similarly, concentrations of heavy metals, such as As, Cu, and Mn, were significantly higher in the urban river. Moreover, DOM had significant positive correlations with Cu, Cr, Mn, As, Zn, and Pb in the urban river, while DOM only exhibited significant positive correlations with Mn, Pb, and Cu in the peri-urban river. In conclusion, urbanization level influenced the characteristics and concentrations of CDOM in rivers which were closely related to the distribution of heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Correlation methods - Dissolution - Fluorescence - Heavy metals - Organic compounds - Rivers - Water pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Aquatic environments - Dissolved organic matters - Excitation emission matrices - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence intensities - Fluorescence peak - Positive correlations - Urbanization levels
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710089

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 234>

Accession number:20184205947365
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Rainy Season of Guangzhou City
Authors:Gu, Ying-Gang (1, 2); Yu, Xiao-Fang (1, 2); Yang, Wen-Da (1, 2); Tian, Zhi-Lin (1, 3); Li, Mei (1, 2); Cheng, Peng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (3) Jinan University Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Mei(m.li@hxmass.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2528-2537
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in an urban area of Guangzhou on July 2016 using an on-line gas chromatography mass spectrometry/fire ion detector. Seventy-three VOCs were detected with an average concentration of (118.83&plusmn;79.40) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, a maximum concentration of 492.42 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and a minimum concentration of 10.54 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> during the period. The peak value of the TVOC concentration appeared at about 07:00 in the morning, indicating that motor vehicle pollution had a significant contribution at the site. The minimum value appeared at about 14:00 in the afternoon, related to photochemical losses. High concentrations were also observed from 21:00 to 24:00, which was probably related to pollution emissions and boundary layer compression. Source analysis by PMF showed that the site was mainly affected by five VOC sources: vehicle exhaust, solvent use, fuel loss at fuel stations, plant emissions, and cooking exhaust, the contributions of which were 29.79%, 26.61%, 24.86%, 9.91%, and 8.84%, respectively. Vehicle exhaust was the largest source of VOCs during the daytime, while the contribution of plant emissions increased significantly at noon. The contribution of solvent uses and fuel loss at fuel stations rose during the night and became the main source of VOCs until early morning.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Gas chromatography
Controlled terms:Boundary layers - Fuels - Mass spectrometry - Organic solvents - Pollution - Vehicles - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Guangzhou city - Layer compression - Maximum concentrations - Pollution emissions - Rainy seasons - Source apportionment
Classification code:801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.49e+01%, Percentage 2.66e+01%, Percentage 2.98e+01%, Percentage 8.84e+00%, Percentage 9.91e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710178

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 235>

Accession number:20184205948056
Title:HONO Pollution Characteristics and Nighttime Sources During Autumn in Guangzhou, China
Authors:Tian, Zhi-Lin (1, 2); Yang, Wen-Da (1, 3); Yu, Xiao-Fang (1, 3); Zhang, Man-Man (1, 3); Zhang, He-Wei (1, 3); Cheng, Ding (1, 3); Cheng, Peng (1, 3); Wang, Bo-Guang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (2) Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 511443, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Peng(chengp@jnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2000-2009
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrous acid (HONO) plays an important role in atmospheric photochemistry processes because its photolysis provides an efficient source of hydroxyl (OH) radicals in the troposphere. However, few studies exist on HONO in nocturnal chemistry processes. Using the observation data of HONO and related parameters for a super site at Guangzhou Jinan University in October 2015, the pollution processes and sources of HONO during nighttime were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the average concentration of HONO was 4.32 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> during the nighttime, which was 2.6 times its concentration of 1.67 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in the daytime. The conversion rate of HONO, C<inf>HONO</inf>, during the nighttime was 0.006 8 h<sup>-1</sup>, and the average contribution of vehicle emissions to HONO was 15.1%, with a peak of 37.8% at 20:00. The average net HONO generation rate from the reaction of NO and OH radicals during the night was 0.44 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. Correlation analysis suggested that particles could not be the major HONO source, but that relative humidity (RH; 33%-78%) was a key factor. Relevant calculation indicated that the heterogeneous reaction of deposited NO<inf>2</inf> on humid ground surfaces could be the main source of HONO during nighttime.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:57
Main heading:Inorganic acids
Controlled terms:Atmospheric humidity - Free radicals - Phase interfaces - Photolysis - Pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric photochemistry - Average concentration - Correlation analysis - Direct emissions - Gas-phase reactions - Heterogeneous reactions - Nitrous acid - Pollution process
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.51e+01%, Percentage 3.30e+01% to 7.80e+01%, Percentage 3.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709269

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 236>

Accession number:20184205947367
Title:Construction and Application of Vertical Diffusion Index for Analyzing Weather during Pollution Events in Tianjin
Authors:Cai, Zi-Ying (1, 2); Han, Su-Qin (2); Zhang, Min (1); Yao, Qing (1); Liu, Jing-Le (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Meteorological Institute, Tianjin; 300074, China; (2) Tianjin Environmental Meteorological Center, Tianjin; 300074, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2548-2556
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on temperature and wind speed data from the 255 meter tall meteorological tower, the characteristics of atmospheric stability were analyzed in Tianjin, with the vertical diffusion index &beta; and &phi; constructed by atmospheric chemical models. This provided information to use the vertical dispersion analysis method to forecast pollution from weather data. The results show that the comprehensive use of atmospheric stability and the vertical diffusion index can provide a better pollution forecast. When the atmospheric stability was D from 07:00-08:00 and 18:00-20:00, compared to when atmospheric stability was C, the probability of heavy pollution weather increased by 10 times. If the vertical diffusion index &beta; and wind speed index were used to forecast heavy pollution, the accuracy rate was 67% higher than when using the single wind speed index. The coefficient between vertical diffusion index &phi; and PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration was 0.8.When the vertical diffusion index &phi; was less than 0.52, the probability of heavy pollution was 75%, identifying 59% of heavy pollution events.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Weather forecasting
Controlled terms:Atmospheric chemistry - Chemical analysis - Chemical stability - Computer simulation - Diffusion - Meteorological instruments - Pollution - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric stability - Meteorological tower - Pollution forecasts - Tianjin - Vertical diffusion - Vertical dispersion - Weather analysis - Wind speed data
Classification code:443  Meteorology - 723.5  Computer Applications - 801  Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.90e+01%, Percentage 6.70e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Size 2.55e+02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708233

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 237>

Accession number:20184205947206
Title:Impact of Size on Environmental Behavior of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors:Yan, Yu-Peng (1); Tang, Ya-Dong (1); Wan, Biao (1); Wang, Xiao-Ming (1); Liu, Fan (1); Feng, Xiong-Han (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China 
Corresponding author:Feng, Xiong-Han(fxh73@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2982-2990
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the environmental behavior and ecological effect of nanoparticles (NPs) are receiving more and more attention. As an important environmental component, metal oxide NPs occur widely in nature, such as in water bodies, air, soils, and sediments. They have a large surface area and high surface activity, allowing them to control and affect the speciation, migration, transformation, and bioavailability of some contaminants and nutrients in the environment. The nano-size is a unique property of nanoparticles. The size of particles regulates and determines the structure and physicochemical properties of nano-oxides, which greatly affects interfacial reactions with the relevant elements and environmental geochemical behaviors. The effects of NPs size on the environmental geochemical behaviors, such as adsorption, (reductive) dissolution, (catalytic) oxidation, aggregation and transport, are briefly summarized, and the mechanism of the size effect is discussed. Finally, hot spots for future research of metal oxide nanoparticles related to size effects in the environment are proposed.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:72
Main heading:Metal nanoparticles
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Agglomeration - Biochemistry - Catalytic oxidation - Dissolution - Geochemistry - Metallic compounds - Metals - Nanoparticles - Sediments  - Size determination
Uncontrolled terms:Catalytic - Environmental behavior - Metal oxides - Size effects - Transport
Classification code:481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 761  Nanotechnology - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710245

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 238>

Accession number:20184205948070
Title:Differences in Diffusive Fluxes of Nutrients from Sediment Between the Natural River Areas and Reservoirs in the Lancang River Basin
Authors:Wang, Xue (1); Cheng, Bao (1); Yang, Zheng-Jian (1); Liu, De-Fu (1); Xu, Ya-Qian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Zheng-Jian(Yangjian198422@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2126-2134
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A field survey was carried out to investigate the diffusive fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment in the natural river areas and cascaded reservoirs in the Lancang River Basin from February through March in 2017. In the natural river areas, the mean value of total nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the sediment pore water was about 15.254 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the total phosphorus (TP) was only 0.654 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; while in the reservoirs, the mean value of TN and TP were 6.577 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>and 1.432 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Both nutrients in the overlying water were less than that in the sediment pore water. The mean diffusive flux of total dissolved nitrogen (DTN) was almost 2.117 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> in the natural river areas, and the mean value of total dissolved phosphorus (DTP) was 0.044 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, while the mean value of DTN and DTP were 0.785 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.053 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>in the reservoirs, respectively. The TN content reaches the maximum in the overlying water-interstitial water vertical surface sediments. It was concluded that cascaded hydropower had greatly changed the nutrient exchange between the sediment and overlying water. Different hydrodynamics and varied chemical environments in the sediment could be additional causes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Nitrogen - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Rivers - Sediments - Water - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Cascaded reservoirs - Chemical environment - Diffusion fluxes - Lancang River - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Sediment water interface - Space distribution - Total dissolved phosphorus
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444.1  Surface Water - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.43e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.53e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709054

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 239>

Accession number:20184205947835
Title:Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment on Different Modes of Greenhouse Vegetable Production in the North China Plain
Authors:Xu, Qiang (1); Hu, Ke-Lin (1); Li, Ji (1); Han, Hui (1); Yang, He-Fa (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, Quzhou; 057250, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Ke-Lin(hukel@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2480-2488
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Organic agriculture has a higher potential than traditional agriculture to reduce environmental emissions. However, heavy metals in organic manure inevitably exacerbate eco-toxicity. At present, there are few studies on systematically and comprehensively evaluating the effects of different production modes on the environmental impact of vegetable production in the North China Plain (NCP). The objective of this study is to provide a theoretical direction for reducing the negative impact of greenhouse vegetable production. In this study, we used a greenhouse eggplant production (2013-2016) as case study and conducted a field experiment in Quzhou County, Hebei Province, China. The life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was used to analyze and compare the production and environmental impacts of eggplant production under three modes: conventional, integrated, and organic. The results showed that the potential for water contamination, eutrophication, and soil contamination was high among the three modes, ranging from 82.05% to 84.02%, 10.29% to 12.32%, and 2.62% to 3.48%, respectively. This is occurred mainly in the arable farming subsystem and is attributed to the loss of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), pesticide residues, and heavy metals in organic manure. The environmental impact index of the integrated mode is the lowest, with a value of 0.596, which is 30.3% and 6.7% lower than those of the conventional and organic modes. The integrated mode significantly reduces the emission of pollutants from the greenhouse vegetable production in the arable farming subsystem; therefore, it is the best management practice. In the integrated mode, the environmental costs of producing one ton of eggplant are 46.6 J for energy depletion, 81.9 m<sup>2</sup> for land occupation, 0.004 6 m<sup>3</sup> for water depletion, 0.005 4 kg (CO<inf>2</inf>-eq) for global warming, 0.006 0 kg (SO<inf>2</inf>-eq) for acidification, 0.073 5 kg (PO<inf>4</inf>-eq) for aquatic eutrophication, 2.84E-05 kg (1,4-DCB-eq) for human toxicity, 0.489 2 kg (1,4-DCB-eq) for aquatic eco-toxicity, and 0.017 4 kg (1,4-DCB-eq) for soil eco-toxicity. Optimizing field management measures such as the application of biological pesticides, using high quality organic fertilizer, and improving the efficiency of N and P use, can better control the negative environmental impacts in the life cycle of vegetable production and improve environmental sustainability in the NCP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Life cycle
Controlled terms:Environmental impact - Environmental impact assessments - Eutrophication - Fertilizers - Global warming - Greenhouses - Heavy metals - Landforms - Manures - Pesticides  - Sustainable development - Toxicity - Vegetables - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Best management practices - Environmental emissions - Environmental sustainability - Greenhouse vegetables - Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) - Life-cycle environmental impact - North China Plain - Vegetable productions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 453  Water Pollution - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.7  Health Care - 481.1  Geology - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Area 8.19e+01m2, Energy 4.66e+01J, Percentage 2.62e+00% to 3.48e+00%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 6.70e+00%, Percentage 8.20e+01% to 8.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710007

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 240>

Accession number:20184205948060
Title:Research of Parameter Uncertainty for the HSPF Model Under Different Temporal Scales
Authors:Pang, Shu-Jiang (1); Wang, Xiao-Yan (1, 2); Ma, Wen-Jing (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Research Center of Aquatic Environment in the Capital Region, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (3) Nanjing Smartwater Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing; 210012, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Yan(wangxy@cnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2030-2038
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Various hydrological models have been applied to the management of water resources and water quality. However, parameter uncertainty is of perpetual interest in the application of hydrological models. In this context, the HSPF model was constructed and calibrated using monthly observed stream data from 1998 to 2010 in the Chaohe River watershed, northeast of Beijing. Specifically, the sensitivity and uncertainty of the model parameters were investigated by the GLUE algorithm with the PEST platform. The major results were illustrated as follows: &#9312; the hydrological simulation shows good performance with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.84 and 0.55 in the period of calibration and validation, respectively; &#9313; the parameters were divided into three categories: global sensitive parameters (LZSN, INFILT, IRC, and AGWRC), regional sensitive parameters (UZSN), and non-sensitive parameters (DEEPFR, BASETP, AGWEPT, INTFW, and CEPSC); &#9314; strong correlations were detected within the sensitive parameters, which further involved significant negative correlations (LZSN~INFILT, INFILT~UZSN, and UZSN~AGWRC) and a positive correlation(LZSN~UZSN) and (UZSN~AGWRC); &#9315; the equifinality for different parameters was found in the HSPF model, indicating that parameter sets determine the simulation performance rather than individual parameters; &#9316; among various external factors, precipitation was identified as the most important condition for simulation uncertainty; and &#9317; the temporal difference in simulation performance was considered using annual, seasonal, and monthly scales with simulation precisions of 81.80%, 78.70%, and 80.56%, implying that the annual scale might be the optimal simulation period with higher accuracy. This research result is useful for the application and localization of the HSPF model.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Water management - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:HSPF models - Hydrological simulations - River watersheds - Temporal scale - Uncertainty
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.87e+01%, Percentage 8.06e+01%, Percentage 8.18e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710070

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 241>

Accession number:20184205947410
Title:Effect of Calcium Silicate-biological Humus Fertilizer Composite on Uptake of Cd by Shallots from Contaminated Agricultural Soil
Authors:Liu, De-Ling (1, 2); Yin, Guang-Cai (1); Chen, Zhi-Liang (2); Lin, Qin-Tie (1); Liu, Qian-Jun (1); Zhong, Song-Xiong (2, 3); Huang, Ling (2); Zhang, Jian-Qiang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China; (3) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Zhi-Liang(chenzhiliang@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2927-2935
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The safety of vegetable production is a key link in reducing cadmium consumption through the food chains. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of composite materials (calcium silicate-biological humus fertilizer) on the growth of shallots and the uptake of Cd by shallots from contaminated agricultural soil. Four treatments (T1: 0.5% calcium silicate+0.5% biological humus fertilizer; T2: 0.5% calcium silicate+1.0% biological humus fertilizer; T3: 1.0% calcium silicate+0.5% biological humus fertilizer; and T4: 1.0% calcium silicate+1.0% biological humus fertilizer) and a control group (CK) were adopted. The changes in soil pH, DTPA-extractable Cd, biomass of shallots, and cadmium concentrations in shallots over time under different treatments were analyzed. The results show that the application of composite amendments decreased the concentrations of DTPA-extractable Cd in the soil. In particular, after T3 treatment, the concentrations of soil DTPA-extractable Cd decreased by 60.71%, 49.54%, 44.63%, and 58.94% after 14, 28, 42, and 56 d, respectively. The biomass of the shallots aboveground increased significantly by 107.99% and 107.19% after T3 and T4 treatment, respectively. The composite amendments exhibited different effects on the uptake of Cd by the shallots from the soil, and the T4 treatment was the most effective in immobilizing Cd and inhibiting translocation of Cd into the shallots. The cadmium concentration in the shallots decreased by 43.80% after 56 d with the T4 treatment. In conclusion, T4 is the optimum treatment for soil cadmium immobilization.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:54
Main heading:Calcium silicate
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Biological materials - Cadmium - Cadmium compounds - Chemical contamination - Fertilizers - Food safety - Silicates - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural soils - Control groups - Different effects - Different treatments - DTPA-extractable - Field experiment - Shallots - Vegetable productions
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 822.3  Food Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.07e+02%, Percentage 1.08e+02%, Percentage 4.38e+01%, Percentage 4.46e+01%, Percentage 4.95e+01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Percentage 5.89e+01%, Percentage 6.07e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709178

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 242>

Accession number:20184205948058
Title:Methods for Determining and Applications of High-Resolution Vehicle Emission Inventory at County Scale
Authors:Fan, Shou-Bin (1, 2); Guo, Jin-Jin (1); Li, Xue-Feng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing; 100037, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xue-Feng(lixuefeng@cee.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2015-2022
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study proposes a method for high-resolution vehicle emission inventories at county scale based on field investigations and Google Earth satellite images, using the Tongzhou district of Beijing as an example for data analysis. VKT and the corresponding emissions of each pollutant were calculated using the number of registered vehicles and the real-time traffic volumes, respectively. The results showed that the mileage calculated based on the method using registered vehicles is about 37% less than that based on real-time traffic volumes, with the latter method providing data closer to the actual situation. The mileage for small passenger cars, large passenger vehicles, and medium-duty trucks were underestimated, and that for light trucks, heavy trucks, low-speed trucks were overestimated based on the registered vehicle method. Emissions from small passenger cars were also underestimated by about 51%, using the registered vehicle method. For emissions of large passenger vehicles, light trucks, and medium-duty trucks, there was less difference between the two methods. Based on the registered vehicle method, emissions of heavy trucks, low-speed trucks, and motorcycles were overestimated by about 41%, 30%, and 30%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Automobiles
Controlled terms:Trucks
Uncontrolled terms:County scale - Emission inventories - High resolution - Motor vehicle - Traffic flow
Classification code:662.1  Automobiles - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 3.70e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+01%, Percentage 5.10e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709083

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 243>

Accession number:20184205947389
Title:Phosphate Removal on Zirconium Alginate/Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) Hydrogel Beads with a Semi-interpenetrating Network
Authors:Zeng, Xue-Yang (1); Luo, Hua-Yong (1); Zhang, Yao-Kun (2); Rong, Hong-Wei (1); Zeng, Zi-Jun (1); Zhong, Guang-Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) Shenzhen Capol Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Branch, Guangzhou; 510655, China 
Corresponding author:Rong, Hong-Wei(rhwcn@139.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2748-2755
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Zirconium alginate/poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogel beads with a semi-interpenetrating network (ZA/PNIPAM) were prepared by using the ionic crosslinking and radical polymerization method and investigated for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions. The effects on the adsorption performance of hydrogel beads, including initial pH, adsorbent dose, initial phosphate concentration, and co-existing anions, were evaluated systematically. Results showed that the ZA/PNIPAM could exhibit a maximum uptake capacity of phosphate at pH 2.The uptake capacity of the adsorbent increased with a decrease in the dose or an increase in the initial phosphate concentration. The presence of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> had a more negative effect on phosphate removal compared to Cl<sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. The kinetics fitted a pseudo-second-order model and intraparticle diffusion model, suggesting the adsorption rate was mainly controlled by surface adsorption and diffusion into the interior of the hydrogel beads. The isotherm data could be described by the Freundlich model, indicating that the adsorption process was heterogeneous multilayer adsorption. The studies of FTIR, XPS, and zero point of charge with relevant adsorption data revealed that the phosphate adsorption mechanisms could be electrostatic attraction (physical adsorption) and ligand exchange reactions (chemical adsorption). After four cycles of regeneration, ZA/PNIPAM exhibited a stable uptake capacity, indicating favorable reusability.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Acrylic monomers - Alginate - Amides - Crosslinking - Dyes - Hydrogels - Interpenetrating polymer networks - Phosphates - Polymerization - Reusability  - Solutions - Zirconium
Uncontrolled terms:Electrostatic attractions - Hydrogel beads - Intraparticle diffusion models - Ligand exchange reactions - N-isopropylacrylamides - Pseudo-second order model - Semi-interpenetrating - Semi-interpenetrating networks
Classification code:549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 815.2  Polymerization
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711071

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 244>

Accession number:20184205947392
Title:Performance of the Removal of Nitrogen During Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Using Different Operational Strategies
Authors:An, Fang-Jiao (1); Peng, Yong-Zhen (2); Dong, Zhi-Long (1); Shao, Zhao-Wei (1); Zhao, Zhi-Chao (1); Huang, Jian-Ming (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2770-2777
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of low substrate ratio, cooling methods, and pH on nitrogen removal performance were studied in a laboratory-scale anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (ASBR) while treating simulated domestic waste water. The results illustrated that the average removal efficiencies of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N increased from 54.4% and 65.3% to 95.8% and 92.5%, respectively, at a temperature of 30&#8451;and an influent concentration of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N of (30&plusmn;0.2)mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The substrate ratio (NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) increased from 0.9 to 1.4.However, the removal efficiency of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was affected negligibly, and the average removal efficiency of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N decreased to 54.6% when the substrate ratio was increased to 1.6, suggesting that the nitrogen removal performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation was best when the substrate ratio was close to the theoretical value of 1.32.The average removal efficiencies of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N decreased from 97.5% and 98.5% to 35.2% and 40.1%, respectively, when the temperature of the reactor dropped from 30&#8451; to 15&#8451; at one time. The average removal efficiencies of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N dropped from 97.7% and 98.6% to 52.7% and 62.4%, respectively, when the ladder cooling method(30&#8451;&#12310;FY1&#12311;25&#8451;&#12310;FY1&#12311;20&#8451;&#12310;FY1&#12311;15&#8451;)was used. The average removal efficiencies of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N increased initially and then decreased when the pH was increased gradually from 7.7 to 8.5.The highest nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved when the pH was controlled at 8.3 with a substrate ratio of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N equal to 1.4.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Cooling - Efficiency - Nitrogen oxides - Oxidation - pH - Wastewater treatment - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ANAMMOX - Biological nitrogen removal - Cooling methods - Influent concentrations - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Operational strategies - Removal efficiencies
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 641.2  Heat Transfer - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.01e+01%, Percentage 5.44e+01%, Percentage 5.46e+01%, Percentage 6.24e+01%, Percentage 6.53e+01% to 9.58e+01%, Percentage 9.25e+01%, Percentage 9.75e+01%, Percentage 9.77e+01%, Percentage 9.85e+01% to 3.52e+01%, Percentage 9.86e+01% to 5.27e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711120

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 245>

Accession number:20184205948066
Title:Bioavailability of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Rivers for Typical Vegetation Types in the Permafrost Regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors:Ma, Xiao-Liang (1); Liu, Gui-Min (1); Wu, Xiao-Dong (2); Xu, Hai-Yan (1); Ye, Lin-Lin (3); Zhang, Xiao-Lan (1); Bai, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of the Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (3) School of Geography Science, Nantong University, Nantong; 226019, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Gui-Min(liuguimin@mail.lzjtu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2086-2094
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Samples collected from 12 rivers with typical vegetation types in the permafrost regions on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were incubated in the laboratory, and the relationships among the vegetation types, river discharges, the compositions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), permafrost areas, riverine DOC concentration, biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon (BDOC), and the biodegradation kinetics were examined. The results showed that the DOC concentrations of typical vegetation types in the basin, such as alpine meadow (AM), alpine swamp meadow-alpine meadow (ASM-AM), alpine meadow-alpine steppe (AM-AS), and alpine meadow-alpine steppe-bare soil (AM-AS-BL), were (5.17&plusmn;0.21), (5.02&plusmn;0.50), (3.55&plusmn;0.25), and (2.79&plusmn;0.41) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The values for the bioavailability of river DOC of different vegetation types were (23.54&plusmn;2.62)%, (23.66&plusmn;3.31)%, (18.17&plusmn;5.26)%, and (11.72&plusmn;15.56)%, respectively. Correspondingly, the riverine DOC aromaticity increased along with the vegetation cover, while the biodegradation and degradation rates decreased gradually. During the incubation, the reaction of BDOC was in accordance with the first-order kinetics equation. Furthermore, the BDOC in continuous permafrost regions of the rivers was greater than that in the non-continuous permafrost regions. The BDOC in higher discharges were lower than those with lower discharges. Taken together, the results suggested that the vegetation types were the main controlling factors for the BDOC, and BDOC was also related to the discharge and permafrost.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Biochemistry - Biodegradability - Biodegradation - Degradation - Dissolution - Permafrost - Reaction kinetics - Rivers - Stream flow - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Biodegradation kinetics - Dissolved organic carbon - First-order kinetics equation - Main controlling factors - Qinghai Tibet plateau - Qinghai-Tibetan plateau - SUVA254 - Vegetation type
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709280

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 246>

Accession number:20184205948098
Title:Impact of Tourism on Bacterial Communities of Karst Underground River: A Case Study from Two Caves in Fengdu, Chongqing
Authors:L&uuml;, Xian-Fu (1); He, Qiu-Fang (1); Wang, Feng-Kang (1); Zhao, Rui-Yi (1); Zhang, Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:He, Qiu-Fang(hqfeddy@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2389-2399
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this research, the bacterial community compositions of underground water in a tourist and pristine cave were studied. Xueyu Cave and Shuiming Cave are tourist and pristine caves, respectively, in the same karst cave system located in Chongqing, southwest China. To understand the impact of tourism on bacterial community compositions in underground water that flows through the caves, filtered materials from water were collected, and 16S rDNA gene sequences were obtained by high-throughput sequencing. The Shuiming Cave (the pristine cave) had less diversity than Xueyu Cave (the tourist cave) based on the Shannon's diversity index according to Illumina operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Proteobacteria, represented mostly by &gamma;-Proteobacterium and Bacteroidetes, dominated both systems. OTUs from Shuiming Cave were dominated by 38% Proteobacteria, 24% Chlorobi, and 19% Bacteroidetes. In the Xueyu Cave, OTUs from upstream samples were comprised of 62% Proteobacteria but comprised 64% in the downstream samples. In the Xueyu Cave, Bacteroidetes accounted for 11% of the total OTUs in the upstream sample and 16% in the downstream. Among the &gamma;-Proteobacterium and Bacteroidetes, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas spp., and Flavobacteriaceae, which are related to potentially pathogenic species, were prevalent in the Xueyu Cave, while Methylococcaceae-uncultured, Methylomonas spp., and Methylobacter, all methane-oxidizing bacteria, had high relative abundances in the Shuiming Cave. These results revealed that potentially more pathogenic bacteria are present in the stream waters from the tourist cave, which has important implications for the protection of tourist caves. The RDA analysis of the environmental factor and bacteria community in groundwater showed that the distribution of pathogenic bacteria was positively correlated with the cave air CO<inf>2</inf>, and the Spearman correlation analysis of the two environmental factors indicated that the influence of the number of tourists on the structure of the bacterial community in the groundwater was more obvious and led to the disappearance of a large number of native bacteria. We proposed that tourist caves control the number of daily tourists and that they enter in batches and increase the import and export of closed devices to avoid the cave air exchange inside and outside. In addition, it was recommended that they increase the import and export of sterilization devices to reduce tourists with bacteria and organic matter, and avoid leaving garbage in the hole to avoid cave microbial exchange inside and outside. A reduction in the fixed lighting inside caves should be required to reduce long exposure, since the tourists can bring individual source lighting.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Caves - Groundwater - Lighting
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial community - Bacterial community composition - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Karst - Methane oxidizing bacterium - Operational taxonomic units - Underground rivers
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 481.1  Geology
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.10e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 6.20e+01%, Percentage 6.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709005

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 247>

Accession number:20184205947375
Title:Source of Nitrate in Surface Water and Shallow Groundwater around Baiyangdian Lake Area Based on Hydrochemical and Stable Isotopes
Authors:Kong, Xiao-Le (1, 2); Wang, Shi-Qin (1); Ding, Fei (3); Liang, Hui-Ya (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water-saving, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang; 050021, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Shi-Qin(sqwang@sjziam.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2624-2631
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the source of nitrate in surface water and groundwater near a domestic sewage discharge river in the Baiyangdian watershed, including the Fuhe River and Baiyangdian Lake, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater samples were collected in July 2014.Water chemistry and stable isotopes (&delta;<sup>2</sup>H and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O) were used to study the relationship between the surface water and groundwater. &delta;<sup>15</sup>N was used to explore the source of nitrate. The results show that urban and rural domestic sewage discharge to Fuhe River and then experience evaporation. Shallow groundwater is affected by the Fuhe River, Baiyangdian Lake, and lateral recharge from groundwater in the Taihang Mountain area. There are 16.7% of shallow groundwater samples exceeds the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> threshold for drinking water according to the World Health Organization standard. Due to the effect of self-purification capacity, the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> mass concentration in the Fuhe River is higher in the upstream area than in the downstream area. Due the regional water flow from northwest to southeast, the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> mass concentration in the shallow groundwater is higher in the south bank area than in north bank area. The shallow groundwater near the Fuhe River and Baiyangdian Lake is recharged by surface water. In addition, soil, fertilizer, and point sources are also major sources for groundwater nitrate. Urban and rural residential living and agricultural production activities are the main reasons for surface water and groundwater nitrate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Flow of water - Hydrochemistry - Isotopes - Lakes - Nitrates - Potable water - Recharging (underground waters) - Rural areas - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Baiyangdian lakes - Domestic sewage - Isotopic - Surface water and groundwaters - Taihang Mountain area - World Health Organization - Xiong'an New Area
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 481.2  Geochemistry - 631.1.1  Liquid Dynamics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.67e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709149

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 248>

Accession number:20184205947398
Title:Effect of Long-term Organic Amendments on Nitric Oxide Emissions from the Summer Maize-Winter Wheat Cropping System in Guanzhong Plain
Authors:Yuan, Meng-Xuan (1); Wang, Jin-Feng (1); Tan, Yue-Hui (1); Wei, Jing (1); Yang, Xue-Yun (1); Gu, Jiang-Xin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Gu, Jiang-Xin(gujiangxin@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2819-2826
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Agricultural soil is a significant source of nitric oxide (NO). The primary aim of this study was to quantify the effect of long-term organic amendments on NO emissions from the summer maize-winter wheat cropping system in Guanzhong Plain. NO fluxes were regularly measured by the static chamber method for one year (June 2016 to June 2017). Field experiments included four fertilizer treatments that commenced in 1990. The control (CK, 0 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) treatment was unfertilized throughout the years. The fertilized treatments were synthetic fertilizer (NPK, 165 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), synthetic fertilizer plus maize stalk (NPKS, (165+40) kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), and synthetic fertilizer plus dairy manure (NPKM, (50+115) kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) during the winter wheat season. They were fertilized with synthetic fertilizer (188 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) during the summer maize season. The results showed small NO emission [&lt;12.2 g&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>] from the CK treatment within the experimental period. Large NO fluxes [up to 112.0 g&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> in NPK treatment] were captured following sowing and fertilization during the summer maize season and following fertilization during the winter wheat season for all fertilized treatments. Annual NO emissions and direct emission factors ranged from 0.13 to 0.57 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> and from 0.04% to 0.12%, respectively. Annual NO emissions from the NPKS and NPKM treatments were 17.6% lower and 68.0% (P&lt;0.05) larger than those from the NPK treatment, respectively. Seasonal NO emissions from the NPKS and NPKM treatments were 41.1%-60.0% (P&lt;0.05) lower than those from the NPK treatment during the winter wheat season, indicating that organic amendments reduced NO emissions. Seasonal NO emissions from the NPKS and NPKM treatments were 25.2%-292.1% (P&lt;0.05) larger than that from the NPK treatment during the summer maize season, mostly due to the positive effect of soil organic matter content on NO emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Crops - Fertilizers - Manures - Nitric oxide
Uncontrolled terms:Dairy manures - Direct emissions - Long-term fertilization - Maize stalk - NO emissions
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.76e+01%, Percentage 4.00e-02% to 1.20e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709262

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 249>

Accession number:20184205947378
Title:Distinguishing the Compositions and Sources of the Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in a Typical Karst River During the Dry Season: A Case Study in Bitan River, Jinfo Mountain
Authors:Liu, Yue (1); He, Qiu-Fang (1, 2); Liu, Ning-Kun (1); Liu, Jiu-Chan (1); Wang, Zheng-Xiong (1); Duan, Shi-Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resource &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:He, Qiu-Fang(hqfeddy@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2651-2660
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Since resistant dissolved organic matter (RDOM) plays a critically important role in a karst carbon sink, one of the most important continental carbon sinks, research focusing on the origination, transportation, and translation of RDOM in a karst water system is important. Currently, 3D-fluorescence EEMs are used to detect the composition and origination of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), an important part of RDOM. This is a very fast and efficient method for CDOM analysis. In this study, 3D-fluorencence EEMs combined with UV-visible absorption spectrum were used to analyze the composition and origination of CDOM in the Bitan River at Jinfo Mountain. Samples were collected from nine sampling sites from January to March 2017 and analyzed with CDOM EEMs and UV-visible absorption spectrums. In addition hydrochemical characteristics were determined and then samples were stimulated with PARAFAC to detect the chromophoric fluorescent groups and indexes. The PARAFAC stimulation revealed three chromophoric fluorescent groups in which fulvic acid was the largest component, accounting for about 44%, with a humic acid content of about 32% and tyrosine-like acid content of about 24%. Four indexes: FI, BIX, HIX, and &beta;:&alpha;, were calculated, and the mean values were 2.06, 0.87, 4.35 and 0.69, which showed relatively high FI, BIX, and &beta;:&alpha; values and a low HIX value, implying that the CDOM was autochthonous and originated from microbes and aquatic plants in the dry season. The spatial dynamic of the index revealed an increased BIX and decreased HIX from the upstream area to the downstream area, implying the impact of land-use and human activities. The forest soil input more humic acid and agriculture input more N and P resulting in flourishing aquatic plants and microbes. Moreover, the correlation coefficients of DIC and humic acid, tyrosine-like acid were 0.515 (P&lt;0.05) and 0.644 (P&lt;0.01), from which it could be inferred that DIC contributed to CDOM formation. The conclusions of this study revealed that DIC would be fixed by karst water aquatic plants and microbes and then sink as autochthonous CDOM and become part of karst water carbon sink.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Absorption spectroscopy - Amino acids - Bacteria - Biogeochemistry - Carbon - Dissolution - Drought - Electromagnetic wave absorption - Fluorescence - Hydrochemistry  - Land use - Landforms - Organic compounds - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter - EEMs - Karst hydrochemistry characteristics - Karst surface - PARAFAC - UV visible absorption spectrum
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 444  Water Resources - 481.1  Geology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 711  Electromagnetic Waves - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711106

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 250>

Accession number:20184205947370
Title:Health Assessment of the Stream Ecosystem in the North Canal River Basin, Beijing, China
Authors:Gu, Xiao-Yun (1, 2, 3); Xu, Zong-Xue (2, 3); Liu, Lin-Fei (2, 3); Yin, Xu-Wang (1); Wang, Mi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Hydrobiology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian; 116023, China; (2) College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (3) Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing; 100875, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Zong-Xue(zxxu@bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2576-2587
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:With increasing urbanization, the stream ecosystem in Beijing has faced great challenges. Phytoplankton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and water quality were investigated based on 25 sampling sites in the North Canal River basin in July 2015, and the quality of the habitat was assessed in situ. A total of 22 metrics, including aquatic organism, hydrology, water quality, and habitat, were calculated to be the candidate indicators. A principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to select the core metrics from the candidate indicators, and the weight of each core metric was estimated by using the entropy method. The integrated index of stream ecological health was constructed to assess the health condition of the North Canal River basin. The results of the PCA and correlation analysis showed that nine metrics were selected as the core metrics to construct the integrated index of stream ecological health, i. e., the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of phytoplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates, water temperature, BOD<inf>5</inf>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, F<sup>-</sup>, Zn, petroleum, and the qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI). According to the results of the health assessment, 12% of the sampling sites in the North Canal River basin were considered to be healthy (&#8544;) or sub-healthy (&#8545;), and more than half were poor (&#8547;) or bad (&#8548;). Therefore, the aquatic ecosystem in the North Canal River basin was generally unhealthy. The upstream was better than the midstream and downstream, where the spatial heterogeneity of the health condition was strong. The health condition in the Nansha River, the midstream of the Qinghe River, and the main stream of the Tonghui River were poor, while the upstream of the Liangshui River and the tributaries of the Wenyu River were good. In general, the condition of the stream ecosystem in the North Canal River basin was relatively complicated.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Aquatic ecosystems - Aquatic organisms - Correlation methods - Health - Hydraulic structures - Petroleum analysis - Petroleum reservoir evaluation - Phytoplankton - Principal component analysis - Stream flow  - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Benthic macroinvertebrates - Correlation analysis - Entropy methods - Health assessments - River basins - Shannon-wiener diversity indices - Spatial heterogeneity - Stream ecosystems
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 512.1.2  Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706229

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 251>

Accession number:20184205947368
Title:Comparison Between Atmospheric Wet-only and Bulk Nitrogen Depositions at Two Sites in Subtropical China
Authors:Zhu, Xiao (1, 2, 3); Wang, Jie-Fei (1, 2, 3); Shen, Jian-Lin (1, 2); Xiao, Run-Lin (1, 2); Wang, Juan (1, 2); Wu, Jin-Shui (1, 2); Li, Yong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (2) Changsha Research Station for Agricultural &amp; Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, Jian-Lin(jlshen@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2557-2565
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric emissions of reactive nitrogen (N) species are at high levels and have caused high N deposition in China in recent years. In this study, atmospheric wet-only and bulk N depositions were monitored simultaneously in a two-year study at an agricultural site (HN) and a forest site (XS) in the Jinjing River catchment in Changsha County, Hunan Province in subtropical China. The differences in concentration and deposition of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, DON, and TN between wet-only and bulk N depositions were compared, and the correlation between wet-only and bulk N depositions was analyzed, with the aim of estimating atmospheric wet N deposition based on bulk N deposition. During the monitoring period, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was the dominant species in both wet-only and bulk deposition at the sampling sites. The average values of total N (TN) depositions for wet-only and bulk depositions at HN were 26.2 and 28.9 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The proportions of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and DON in TN in wet-only deposition were 49.7%, 31.3%, and 19.0%, respectively, while the proportions in the bulk deposition were 48.7%, 31.6%, and 19.7%, respectively. The average values of TN depositions for wet-only and bulk depositions at XS were 23.6 and 27.8 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The proportions of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and DON in TN in wet-only deposition were 53.9%, 34.78%, and 11.4%, respectively, while they were 49.6%, 31.6%, and 18.9%, respectively, for bulk deposition. The concentrations of N species in wet-only and bulk depositions were significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation, while the amount of N deposition was significantly and positively correlated with precipitation. The concentrations of N species in wet-only deposition had a significant linear correlation with those in the bulk deposition at the two sites (R<sup>2</sup>&gt;0.82). According to the regression equation for wet-only and bulk N deposition at the monitoring sites, the proportions of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and TN in wet-only to bulk deposition were 0.875, 0.774, and 0.852, respectively, at HN and 0.859, 0.783, and 0.819, respectively, at XS. These values were mainly related to the amount of wet-only N deposition and the pollution level of atmospheric particulate N species at the monitoring sites. In the subtropical region of China, atmospheric wet N deposition can be overestimated by 10% to 18% when the atmospheric bulk N deposition is used to replace the wet N deposition. Based on the regression equation between atmospheric bulk N deposition and wet N deposition, the atmospheric wet N deposition can be estimated well using the atmospheric bulk N deposition data.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Ecosystems
Controlled terms:Catchments - Forestry - Nitrogen - River pollution - Tropics
Uncontrolled terms:Agro ecosystems - Atmospheric emission - Atmospheric particulate - Bulk depositions - Forest ecosystem - N deposition - Nitrogen deposition - Subtropical regions
Classification code:443  Meteorology - 453  Water Pollution - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01% to 1.80e+01%, Percentage 1.14e+01%, Percentage 1.89e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 3.13e+01%, Percentage 3.16e+01%, Percentage 3.48e+01%, Percentage 4.87e+01%, Percentage 4.96e+01%, Percentage 4.97e+01%, Percentage 5.39e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710127

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 252>

Accession number:20184205948087
Title:Effects of Heat and Heat-alkaline Treatments on Disintegration and Dissolved Organic Matter in Sludge
Authors:Dai, Qin (1, 2); Zhang, Wen-Zhe (1, 2); Yu, Pan-Fen (3); Yi, Hao (4); Liu, Jun-Xin (1, 2); Xiao, Ben-Yi (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) School of Textile and Apparel, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (4) South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Ben-Yi(byxiao@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2283-2288
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The hydrolysis of sludge organic matter is the rate-limiting step of anaerobic sludge digestion. Because pretreatments can effectively convert the solid organic matter into dissolved organic matter, it can improve the degradation rate and methane conversion rate of organic matter. In this study, the effects of heat and heat-alkaline treatments (two common pretreatments) on the composition, relative molecular weight distribution, and structure of dissolved organic matter in sludge were studied. The results showed that the heat and heat-alkaline treatments released a large amount of organic matter, which resulted in the SCOD increasing 21.9 times (heat treatment) and 47.8 times (heat-alkaline treatment). These pretreatments changed the molecular weight distribution of dissolved organic matter and decreased the molecular weight of the organic matter to the greatest degree. The results of three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both of the pretreatments can hydrolyze protein, the main component of sludge soluble organic matter, with the heat-alkaline treatment being more significant. In dissolved organic matter, the byproducts of the microorganisms and humic acids are not easily hydrolyzed further by the two pretreatments. In addition, the two pretreatments led to the appearance of new organic structures and the change and even disappearance of the original organic matter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Biological materials
Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - Biogeochemistry - Byproducts - Degradation - Disintegration - Dissolution - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Hydrolysis - Molecular weight distribution - Organic compounds  - Sludge digestion
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic sludge digestion - Dissolved organic matters - Organic structures - Pre-Treatment - Sludge disintegration - Solid organic matter - Soluble organic matters - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopies
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709052

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 253>

Accession number:20184205947204
Title:Discussion of Emissions and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the Retreading Process of Waste Tires
Authors:Fu, Jian-Ping (1); Zhao, Bo (1); Li, Yu-Qing (1); Liu, Sha-Sha (1); Yin, Wen-Hua (1); Huang, Jing-Qiong (1); Zhou, Chang-Feng (1); Zhang, Su-Kun (1); He, De-Chun (1); Han, Jing-Lei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China 
Corresponding author:Han, Jing-Lei(hanjinglei@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2963-2970
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The emissions characteristics of 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air during the waste tire retreading process (open-air storage, mixing, vulcanization, and grinding processes) and in workers' dormitory were analyzed. In addition, the occupational health risk of the workers was evaluated. Results showed that PAHs were detected in all retreading processes and in the workers' dormitory. The highest concentration site was the mixing process, followed by open-air storage and vulcanization process. The lowest concentration point was in the grinding process. The average concentration of PAHs in the workers' dormitory was 11.1 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The PAHs at all sampling points were largely phenanthrene (Phe), fluoranthene (Flu), anthracene (Ant), and pyrene (Pry), which also had a stronger linear correlation with the total PAH concentration. An analysis of the benzene rings showed that three ring and four ring were the majority, while two ring, five ring, and six ring components accounted for less than 10%. Results of the possible influencing factors of the PAHs revealed that the open-air storage and dormitory might be affected by a combustion source, but the mixing, vulcanization, and grinding processes might be affected by rubber oil. The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis showed that the spatial location of all sites would significantly influence the distribution of PAHs during the tire retreading process. The health risk assessment showed that occupational workers had a lower risk of lifelong cancer, and there was little influence on life expectancy.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Retreading
Controlled terms:Anthracene - Aromatization - Cluster analysis - Grinding (machining) - Health - Health risks - Hydrocarbons - Industrial hygiene - Mineral oils - Mixing  - Occupational risks - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment - Rubber - School buildings - Vulcanization - Waste incineration
Uncontrolled terms:Ambient air - Average concentration - Combustion sources - Emissions characteristics - Occupational health risk - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Vulcanization process - Waste tires
Classification code:402.2  Public Buildings - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 604.2  Machining Operations - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 818.1  Natural Rubber - 818.5  Rubber Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710025

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 254>

Accession number:20184205948068
Title:Migration and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Karst Water Systems and an Analysis of Their Influencing Factors
Authors:Zhang, Lian-Kai (1, 2, 3); Liu, Peng-Yu (1); Qin, Xiao-Qun (1); Shan, Xiao-Jing (2, 4); Liu, Wen (5); Zhao, Zhen-Hua (5); Yao, Xin (6); Shao, Ming-Yu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang; 550081, China; (4) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (5) Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Ji'nan; 250014, China; (6) School of Environmental and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng; 252059, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2104-2116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Fluorescent substances are used as good tracers in dissolved organic matter (DOM) to identify the source of DOM and its geochemical behavior in a hydrological system. However, there are few studies on the karst aquifer system. Many parameters in karst systems affect the DOM spectral information. A typical karst watershed in Northern China was selected in this research. Excitation-emission matrices (EEMs), parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), and hydrochemical data were applied to reveal the relationship between the composition and transformation of DOM fluorescent substances in different karst water-bearing spaces. The source of DOM and the effect of water chemistry on DOM transfer were also discussed. The results showed that DOM in exogenous surface water and karst surface water in the Yufu River watershed were mainly composed of tryptophan-like substances, while the DOM in shallow karst water and deep karst water consisted of tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like substances. A comprehensive analysis by fluorescence index (FI), biological index (BIX), and humification index (HIX) displayed that the DOM in shallow and deep karst water resulted from microbial decomposition. In contrast, the DOM in karst surface water and exogenous surface water resulted from land-based input and endogenous microbial decomposition, in which endogenous contributions occupy a large proportion. Due to the chemical parameters of karst water, these three kinds of fluorescent substances extracted by PARAFAC had obviously different characteristics, i.e., &#9312; the tyrosine-like substances had a strong adaptability to Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and the proportion of the tyrosine in karst water was relatively large; &#9313; the tryptophan substance followed an opposite trend; and &#9314; there was a significant positive correlation between fulvic acid and TDS, turbidity, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>. Observations of the watershed runoff revealed that the DOM in shallow karst water in the upper reaches came mainly from the soil and microbial degradation. The organic matter underwent a large amount of microbial decomposition and exogenous input when the water was rejuvenated with springs. After infiltration to the deep karst water in the lower reaches, the DOM gradually were converted to low aromatic hydrocarbon organic compounds and decreased macromolecules of DOM. Subsequently, the fluorescence intensity was weakened. The principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three principal components. They were the water mineralization index, soil leaching index, and hydrochemical/biochemical process index. The water mineralization index consists of hydrochemical parameters reflecting the water infiltration, transformation, and flow conditions in the karst system. The soil leaching index contains TOC, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and protein-like indicators relating to the relationship between protein-like substances and soil and natural leaching. The hydrochemical/biochemical process index is composed of Ca<sup>2+</sup>, HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, FI, and fulvic acid indicators that illustrate the water chemistry and biochemical processes in the karst water system. In addition, the study also showed that total fluorescence intensity, fulvate-like substances, and protein-like substances can be used as a tracer for rapid seepage, transformation, and aquifer fragility for karst water, respectively. The results of the study are important in understanding the biogeochemical cycle of DOM in the karst water system and also helpful for controlling organic pollution. It also provides a new tool for characterizing the geochemical processes of organic matter in karst system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:53
Main heading:Infiltration
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Aquifers - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Biodegradation - Biogeochemistry - Catchments - Chemical analysis - Decomposition - Degradation - Dissolution  - Factor analysis - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Hydrochemistry - Landforms - Leaching - Linear transformations - Metadata - Mineralogy - Principal component analysis  - Proteins - River pollution - Soils - Surface waters - Watersheds - Waterworks
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Excitation emission matrices - Fluorescence intensities - Humification index (HIX) - Karst aquifer - Migration and transformation - Parallel factor analysis - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopies
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 444.2  Groundwater - 446  Waterworks - 453  Water Pollution - 461.8  Biotechnology - 481.1  Geology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 482  Mineralogy - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921.3  Mathematical Transformations - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709255

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 255>

Accession number:20184205947394
Title:Changes in Heavy Metal Speciation and Release Behavior Before and After Sludge Composting Under a Phosphate-rich Atmosphere
Authors:Li, Yu (1, 2); Fang, Wen (2, 3); Qi, Guang-Xia (2, 4); Wei, Yong-Hong (2); Liu, Jian-Guo (2); Li, Run-Dong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang; 110136, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (4) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Jian-Guo(jgliu@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2786-2793
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sewage sludge is rich in organic matter, N, and P and could be used as a soil amendment to improve the status of soil organic matter, soil structural characteristics, and soil water retention capacity after aerobic composting. However, heavy metals in sewage sludge have become the main bottleneck limiting its land application. In addition, with the large-scale exploitation of phosphate rock resources in our region of interest, a large amount of phosphate tailings needs to be disposed and a large area of abandoned mining lands needs to be reclaimed. Phosphate tailings could be auxiliary materials for sewage sludge composting to immobilize heavy metals, and the compost could be applied for revegetation of the abandoned mining lands. The contents of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Zn were measured, and a successive extraction procedure was used to investigate the change in speciation of heavy metals in the sludge before and after the phosphate-rich composting. pH-dependent leaching tests were carried out to further evaluate the immobilization effects of composting on heavy metals and the release potential under different pH conditions. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in the compost satisfied the corresponding threshold for land reclamation. Adding phosphate tailings greatly improved the stability of heavy metals during the composting process. The portion of stable residues of Pb, Cd, As, and Zn in the phosphate-rich compost was 84.00%, 58.00%, 68.50%, and 30.93%, respectively, compared with 68.10%, 30.50%, 40.32%, and 16.48% for the control, compost without adding the phosphate tailings. Meanwhile, the maximum leaching potential of As, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the phosphate-rich compost decreased from 3.692 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 0.903 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 0.217 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 7.225 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and 8.725 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> to 0.684 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 0.586 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 0.071 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 2.603 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, and 6.935 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>in the control, respectively, for pH 6-8.It could be concluded that the addition of phosphate tailings in the sludge composting lowered the risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge compost to make it favorable for beneficial use in abandoned mining land reclamation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Zinc compounds
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Composting - Copper compounds - Heavy metals - Image segmentation - Land use - Leaching - Organic compounds - pH  - Reclamation - Revegetation - Sewage sludge - Soil conservation - Soil moisture - Tailings disposal
Uncontrolled terms:Heavy metal speciation - Immobilization effects - Leaching characteristics - pH value - Sewage sludge compost - Sewage sludge composting - Structural characteristics - Successive extractions
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2  Land Reclamation - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.65e+01%, Percentage 3.05e+01%, Percentage 3.09e+01%, Percentage 4.03e+01%, Percentage 5.80e+01%, Percentage 6.81e+01%, Percentage 6.85e+01%, Percentage 8.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711069

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 256>

Accession number:20184205947384
Title:Purification Effect of Submerged Macrophyte System with Different Plants Combinations and C/N Ratios
Authors:Liu, Miao (1, 2); Chen, Kai-Ning (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Kai-Ning(knchen@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2706-2714
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A submerged macrophyte pond can effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus from water, with the removal efficiencies for pollutants depending on combinations of submerged macrophytes. Moreover, the material structure of sewage also has a significant impact on the purification effect of the submerged macrophyte system. This experiment selected three submerged plants (Vallisneris spiralis, Hydrilla verticillata, and Myriophyllum spicatum) to examine the purification effect of their combinations on sewage, including nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies. In addition, the effect of influent C/N ratio on the submerged macrophyte pond was also tested and discussed. The results showed the following. &#9312; All plant combinations can decrease concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, resulting from nutrient deposition along with sedimentation of suspended particles. The combinations of Vallisneris spiralis and Hydrilla verticillata showed the highest purification efficiency for total nitrogen and total phosphorus with an average removal rate of 32.71% and 22.13%, respectively. &#9313; The purification effects of three C/N ratio (1.89, 5.93, and 12.09) for Vallisneris spiralis and Hydrilla verticillate system were different. The removal efficiency was highest when the C/N ratio was 5.93, with removal rates for total nitrogen and total phosphorus and a reduction in permanganate index of 81.34%, 68.26%, and 88.65%, respectively. The C/N ratio affected the degradation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter by influencing the dissolved oxygen concentration of water and changing the anaerobic and aerobic environment of the water. In conclusion, different submerged macrophyte combinations showed better purification effect than a single type of plant in the submerged plant pond system. Changing the influent C/N ratio by placing carbon source materials into the water can greatly increase the removal efficiency of submerged plant pond, providing a practical reference for the use of submerged plant ponds to treat sewage.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - Efficiency - Lakes - Nitrogen - Purification - Sedimentation - Sewage treatment - Water pollution - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:C/N ratio - Dissolved oxygen concentrations - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Nitrogen and phosphorus removal - Plant combinations - Purification efficiency - Submerged macrophyte - Submerged macrophytes
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 453  Water Pollution - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.21e+01%, Percentage 3.27e+01%, Percentage 6.83e+01%, Percentage 8.13e+01%, Percentage 8.87e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710209

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 257>

Accession number:20184205948069
Title:Source and Distribution of Dissolved Metal Ions in the Backwater Area of Pengxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Zhao, Xiao-Song (1, 2); Yu, Jian-Jun (1, 2); Fu, Li (1, 2); Jiang, Wei (1, 2); Zhou, Chuan (1, 2); Li, Bo (3); Haffner, Douglas (1, 4); Weisener, Christopher (4); Zhang, Lei (1, 2, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) International Base for S&amp;T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region (WEMST), Chongqing; 400716, China; (2) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Beibei District Environmental Protection Bureau, Chongqing; 400711, China; (4) Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor; N9B 3P4, Canada 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Lei(zhanglei5401@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2117-2125
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study uses the Gaoyang Lake section of the Pengxi River, the largest tributary on the northern bank of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), as an example for exploring the distributions and dynamics of Ca, Zn, Fe, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Hg ions in the tributaries of TGR where the water level fluctuates due to dam regulation. Samples were taken 21 times, once every 17.3 days, at four sampling sites in Gaoyang Lake, which is in a perennial backwater zone of the Pengxi River, during one year from June 5, 2013 to May 29, 2014. At each sampling site, water samples were taken from the surface layer (0-0.5 m), middle layer, and bottom layer (0.5 m above the bed mud). During winter when the water was not stratified, the middle layer samples were taken at 1/2 depth, and when water was stratified in other seasons, the middle layer samples were taken from the thermal layer. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and cold-vapor atomic absorption methods were adopted to determine the concentrations of the metals. Excel and SPSS were used for data analysis and Matlab for building 3-D prisms displaying concentration distributions of Hg ions in the high water level period (175 m, November-April in the ensuing year), sluicing period (May-middle June), low water level in the flooding season (145 m, June-August), and the storage period (September-November). The results provided the following observations &#9312; Concentrations of Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg ions were lower than those in Class &#8546; of the water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002). &#9313; Cr, Pb, and Cu had high peak values during the storage and sluicing period, and the lowest values during the high water level period. Cr, Pb, and Cu were derived from the main stream of Yangtze, while Fe and Zn were from the Pengxi River locally. The concentration of Hg ions was affected by both the main stream and endogenous sources. As the water column stratified, metal ions did not mix among the stratified layers in Gaoyang Lake. &#9314; The conductivity was significantly lower during the high water level period than during other water level periods. The main material that affects the conductivity of Gaoyang Lake could be nonmetallic ions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Absorption spectroscopy - Atomic emission spectroscopy - Copper - Digital storage - Inductively coupled plasma - Lakes - Mercury (metal) - Metal ions - Rivers - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Backwater area - Cold-vapor atomic absorptions - Concentration distributions - Dissolved metal ions - Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry - Spatial and temporal distribution - Three gorges reservoir - Water environments
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 531.1  Metallurgy - 544.1  Copper - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 932.3  Plasma Physics
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.74e-02yr, Size 0.00e+00m to 5.00e-01m, Size 1.45e+02m, Size 1.75e+02m, Size 5.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704050

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 258>

Accession number:20184205948075
Title:Nitrate Uptake Kinetics and Correlation Analysis in an Agricultural Drainage Ditch
Authors:Li, Ru-Zhong (1); Yin, Qi-He (1); Gao, Su-Di (2); Chen, Guang-Zhou (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei; 230009, China; (2) College of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei; 230088, China; (3) School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei; 230022, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2174-2183
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the whole-reach nitrate (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) uptake dynamics in a headwater agricultural stream, we performed five pulse tracer additions of a reactive solute (as KNO<inf>3</inf>) and a conservative solute (as NaBr) in an agricultural drainage ditch in Hefei district, Chaohu Lake basin, from October 2016 to April 2017. The TASCC (tracer additions for spiraling curve characterization) approach and Michaelis-Menten (M-M) method were applied for the simulation of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N uptake dynamics. Results showed that the ambient areal rate of total NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N uptake U<inf>amb</inf>varied from 11.40 to 69.13 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup> with an average of 34.45 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>, and the ambient uptake velocity V<inf>f-amb</inf> averaged 0.24 mm&bull;s<sup>-1</sup> and varied from 0.07 to 0.43 mm&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>across three well-mixed sub-reaches in the study. The ambient uptake length S<inf>w-amb</inf> averaged 199.06 m with a range from 92.51 to 405.74 m, which was much smaller than the length of the drainage ditch (about 2.5 km), suggesting that the agricultural drainage ditch had a high potential for NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N retention. Generally, the M-M model fit the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N uptake dynamics well, and the maximum uptake U<inf>max</inf>ranged from 158 to 1280 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup> with a mean of 631.13 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;s)<sup>-1</sup>. The half saturation constant K<inf>m</inf>ranged from 0.16 to 5.52 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> with a mean of 1.46 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. According to correlation analysis, S<inf>w-amb</inf> was negatively correlated with NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N<inf>amb</inf>, and U<inf>amb</inf>was significantly positively correlated with NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N<inf>amb</inf>, while other nutrient spiraling metrics were not correlated with the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N ambient concentration. Hydrological conditions had no distinct effect on the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N retention, but both the width variability &Fcy;<inf>w</inf>and variability in cross-sectional area &Fcy;<inf>A</inf>were significantly correlated with most of the nutrient spiraling metrics, indicating that geomorphic features in the drainage ditch evidently impacted NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N uptake.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Catchments
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Bromine compounds - Correlation methods - Dynamics - Nitrates - Nutrients - Potash - Potassium Nitrate - Sodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural drainage - Ambient concentrations - Correlation analysis - Drainage ditches - Hydrological condition - Michaelis-Menten - Nitrate uptake - Tracer additions for spiraling curve characterization(TASCC)
Classification code:804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.46e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.60e-04kg/m3 to 5.52e-03kg/m3, Size 1.99e+02m, Size 2.50e+03m, Size 9.25e+01m to 4.06e+02m, Velocity 2.40e-04m/s to 2.20e+01m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710220

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 259>

Accession number:20184205948077
Title:Removal of Odorants in Drinking Water Using VUV/Persulfate
Authors:Sun, Xin (1); Shi, Lu-Xiao (1); Zhang, Yi (1); Yang, Li (1); Tang, Xiao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Xi'an Jumping Water Environment Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an; 710075, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2195-2201
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to solve the odor problem of drinking water, the performance of a VUV/persulfate process and its influencing factors were investigated systematically for removing odors from 2-MIB and GSM. The results showed that it was difficult to remove 2-MIB and GSM using PS alone with a PS concentration of 0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, but the removal rates of 2-MIB and GSM by the VUV/PS process could be increased by 76% and 74%, respectively, compared with VUV alone. The performance of the VUV/PS process was mainly affected by the PS concentration and VUV intensity. When the PS concentration increased from 0.25 to 2 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and the VUV intensity increased from 113.2 to 618.5 &mu;W&bull;cm<sup>-2</sup>, the removal rate of 2-MIB was increased by 42% and 39%, respectively, and the removal rate of GSM was increased by 34% and 16%, respectively. The effect of pH on 2-MIB and GSM removal was not significant. The occurrence of HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and humic acid will decrease the removal rates of 2-MIB and GSM, and the degree of reduction increases with the concentrations of HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> ion and humic acid. The VUV/PS process can effectively degrade the typical odorants in water and can reduce the difficulty of subsequent water treatment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Potable water
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Global system for mobile communications - Odors - Organic acids - Sulfur compounds - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:2-MIB - Degree of reduction - Effect of pH - Odor problems - Persulfate - Removal rate - Sulfate radicals - Ultra-violet light
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 2.50e-01mol/m3 to 2.00e+00mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+01%, Percentage 7.60e+01%, Surface_Power_Density 1.13e+00W/m2 to 6.19e+00W/m2
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709019

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 260>

Accession number:20184205947831
Title:Spatial Distribution Study and Pollution Assessment of Pb in Soils in the Xijiang River Drainage of Guangxi
Authors:Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Song, Bo (1, 2); Chen, Tong-Bin (1, 3); Fu, Feng-Yan (1); Huang, Fei (1); Pang, Rui (1); Pan, Hui-Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Bo(songbo@glut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2446-2455
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To obtain data for the accumulation of Pb and its risk in soils in the Xijiang River drainage of Guangxi, 2 594 samples were collected from nonferrous metal mining soils, farmland soils (paddy soils and dryland soils), and the background soils in the drainage area. Geostatistical analysis combined with GIS was used to study the soil spatial distribution characteristics and pollution distribution of the soil Pb content. The results showed that the Pb background value of the soil was 51.84 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> in the Xijiang River Basin, and the results of the single sample T test showed that the soil background value was significantly higher than that of a previous study (22.08 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) and the soil background value (20.50 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) in Guangxi province. The geometric mean concentration of Pb in the mining soils, dryland soils, and paddy soils were 655.9, 116.7, and 40.63mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, significantly higher than that in other soils. Using GB 15618-1995 and the baseline as the limiting value, the corresponding exceedance rate of the mining soils, dryland soils, and paddy soils were 57.69%, 16.40%, and 8.92% and 54.95%, 8.09%, and 2.03%. The mining soils and farmland soils had an obvious lead accumulation trend. There was an obvious spatial autocorrelation of Pb in the soil, and the structural variation was dominant. The content of Pb in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River reached the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River, and the soil Pb was characterized by an obvious decrease. The accumulation of high Pb content in the upper reaches of Diaojiang River is much larger than that in the lower reaches of Diaojiang River. The content of Pb in soil samples in the Xijiang River Basin was mainly rated between mild pollution and moderate pollution, and the pollution was concentrated in the municipal administrative area and the mining activity area. The pollution of the soil in Jinchengjiang and Nandan counties was closely related to the frequent local mining activities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Farms - Lead - River pollution - Rivers - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution - Spatial variables measurement - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Background value - Distribution characteristics - Geostatistical analysis - Mining activities - Pollution assessment - River basins - Spatial autocorrelations - Structural variations
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921  Mathematics - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.64e+01%, Percentage 2.03e+00%, Percentage 5.50e+01%, Percentage 5.77e+01%, Percentage 8.09e+00%, Percentage 8.92e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709242

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 261>

Accession number:20184205948054
Title:Seasonal Variation and Source Analysis of Water-soluble Inorganic Salts in PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the Southern Suburbs of Beijing
Authors:Gao, Han-Yu (1); Wei, Jing (1); Wang, Yue-Si (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, Jing(weijing_199@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1987-1993
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the variation of water-soluble inorganic ions in the four suburbs of Beijing using the atmospheric fine particulate matter rapid trapping system and chemical composition analysis system (RCFP-IC), we carried out measurements for nine water-soluble inorganic ions (Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>) in PM<inf>2.5</inf> with continuous on-line observations for one year in Beijing's southern suburbs in 2016. The transport process of pollutants and the potential sources of pollutants were evaluated by combining a trajectory clustering method and potential source contribution factor analysis method (PSCF). During the observation period, the total concentration of the nine water-soluble inorganic ions was 38.6 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and results showed that the concentration in winter and spring was high and in summer and autumn was low. The order of the concentration from high to low was SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&gt;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>&gt;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>&gt;Ca<sup>2+</sup>&gt;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>&gt;Cl<sup>-</sup>&gt;Na<sup>+</sup>&gt;K<sup>+</sup>&gt;Mg<sup>2+</sup>. In winter, the SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> accounted for 75.7% of the total measured water-soluble ions, followed by 72.8% in spring and 60.2% in summer. With an increase in air pollution, the concentrations of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> increased significantly, indicating that SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> were closely related to the deterioration of air quality. SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> was dominant in the formation of secondary ions compared to NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>; and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> had significant diurnal variations. The diurnal variation of the SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> statistic (hours) was bimodal, and the peak values were at about 10:00 and 18:00. The diurnal variation of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> had single peaks, with the peak appearing at 10:00. The trend of the diurnal variation for these two ions was similar. Finally, the sources of pollution in the southern suburbs of Beijing mainly included secondary sources, coal-fired sources, and mixed sources of dust and dust. The main potential source of pollution in the southern suburbs was in the southeastern part of the observation site, while the northeastern airflow was favorable for the diffusion and dilution of pollutants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Chemical analysis
Controlled terms:Air quality - Coal dust - Deterioration - Ions - Nitrogen oxides - Particles (particulate matter)
Uncontrolled terms:Diurnal variation - PM2.5 - Seasonal variation - Source - Water soluble inorganic ions
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 503  Mines and Mining, Coal - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.02e+01%, Percentage 7.28e+01%, Percentage 7.57e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709003

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 262>

Accession number:20184205947362
Title:Diurnal Variation of SOA Formation Potential from Ambient Air at an Urban Site in Beijing
Authors:Liu, Jun (1, 2); Chu, Bi-Wu (2, 3, 4); He, Hong (2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing; 102206, China; (2) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (4) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Chu, Bi-Wu(bwchu@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2505-2511
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is an important component of atmospheric fine particles (PM<inf>2.5</inf>). The study of the diurnal variation of SOA formation potential is important for understanding the evolution of SOA and its contribution to fine particle pollution. The oxidation flow reactor (OFR) was used to study the SOA formation potential of ambient air in summer at an urban site in Beijing. The high concentration of OH radicals in the reactor can oxidize the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and lead to SOA formation. The hour average SOA formation potential varied between 3.9-9.4 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in a day and had a higher value at night than in the daytime. The lowest value of SOA formation potential was about 3.9 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> observed at 16:00 in the afternoon. This variation of SOA formation potential is consistent with the typical VOCs, such as toluene, and inversely related to the concentration of ozone. In addition to the impact of change in the height of the boundary layer, experimental data showed that the reduction of VOCs in photo-oxidation in the daytime was an important reason for the decrease of SOA formation potential in daytime. Compared to similar studies in developed countries, the SOA formation potential was higher in Beijing due to the higher concentrations of VOCs and might make an important contribution to the fine particle pollution in Beijing.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Urban growth
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Atmospheric movements - Boundary layers - Free radicals - Oxidation - Particles (particulate matter) - Pollution - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric fine particles - Developed countries - Diurnal variation - Fine particles - Flow reactors - Formation potential - Impact of changes - Secondary organic aerosols
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711112

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 263>

Accession number:20184205948089
Title:Spatial and Temporal Variation of Mercury in Municipal Sewage Sludge in China
Authors:Wang, Ning (1); Liu, Qing-Wei (2); Zhi, Yin (2); Cheng, Liu (1); Ma, Bing-Juan (1); Mao, Yu-Xiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454003, China; (2) Jiaozuo Environmental Monitoring Station, Jiaozuo; 454003, China 
Corresponding author:Mao, Yu-Xiang(yuxiangmao@hpu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2296-2305
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to determine the occurrence of mercury (Hg) in the dewatered sewage sludge (SS) from municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) in China, 315 SS samples were collected from 40 MWTPs. The total Hg (THg) contents of the sludge samples were analyzed using a DMA-80 Hg analyzer. It was found that THg in the samples ranged from 0.45-15.42 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The THg data followed a log-normal distribution with a geometric mean of (2.19&plusmn;3.16) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. THg contents in all the sludge samples meet the criteria set for disposal (by co-landfilling) of MWTPs sludge (GB/T 23485-2009). In terms of THg contents, 97.8% of the sludge was suitable for land application in neutral and alkaline soils, while 86.7% of the sludge was suitable for land application in acidic soil. THg in SS varied greatly, not only among cities (variation coefficient of 105%), but also in the same MWTP (variation coefficient of 0.6%-53.6% over seven days). Mercury contents in SS of China showed a descending trend of North&gt;Northeast&gt;Northwest&gt;Southwest&gt;East&gt;Central&gt;South China. Using the corresponding urban soil background values of THg as references, Hg pollution levels of SS were evaluated using the geological cumulative index method. It was found that SS from more than 60% of the cities sampled were heavily polluted by Hg. Mercury contents in the SS of China showed a temporal trend of increasing then decreasing, with 2000-2009 being the peak period. Results of the present study provide significant data support for the prevention and control of mercury pollution in sewage and SS in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:64
Main heading:Sludge disposal
Controlled terms:Geology - Mercury (metal) - Normal distribution - Pollution control - Sewage sludge - Sewage treatment plants - Soils - Spatial distribution - Wastewater disposal - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Geological cumulative index - Log-normal distribution - Municipal sewage sludge - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Prevention and controls - Spatial and temporal variation - Temporal trends - Variation coefficient
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 921  Mathematics - 922.1  Probability Theory
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.05e+02%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 6.00e-01% to 5.36e+01%, Percentage 8.67e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710130

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 264>

Accession number:20184205947393
Title:Transformation of Protein in Sludge During High Solids Anaerobic Digestion
Authors:Zhan, Yu (1, 2); Shi, Wan-Sheng (1, 2); Zhao, Ming-Xing (1, 2); Xu, Zhi-Yang (1, 2); Ruan, Wen-Quan (1, 2); Song, Lian (3); Zhu, Ge (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi; 214122, China; (3) Wuxi Guolian Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi; 214131, China 
Corresponding author:Ruan, Wen-Quan(wqruanjn@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2778-2785
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dewatered waste sludge with a total solid (TS) concentration of 12% was used for mesophilic (37&#8451;) anaerobic digestion (AD). The biotransformation mechanism of protein and the reason for the low conversion efficiency of protein under high solids AD was investigated by analyzing the variation of protein composition in the sludge before and after AD. The results showed that the conversion rate of protein in the sludge was 34.26% after 45 days of AD. The reason for the low efficiency of protein conversion was the poor mass transfer efficiency under the condition of high solids content and the large amount of ammonia nitrogen produced with the hydrolysis. After 45 days of AD, the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration reached 1201 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which resulted in the inhibition of the AD process, especially the decomposition of protein. Some of the protein converted to humic acid-like and fulvic acid-like substances, which are more difficult to decompose based on the three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) analysis. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)- mass spectrometry (MS) was adopted for identifying the composition of protein in sludge before and after AD. It showed that the relative molecular weight and the isoelectric point (pI) of the protein in the sludge decreased after AD and most of the proteins left in the digested sludge came from the micro-organisms. These proteins cannot be further decomposed by the microbes because of the decreased microbial metabolic capacity at the end of the AD process or lack of specific enzymes for the hydrolysis of these proteins. This ultimately resulted in the low decomposition efficiency of the total protein in the sludge.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Sludge digestion
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Anaerobic digestion - Biological materials - Efficiency - Electrophoresis - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Hydrolysis - Mass spectrometry - Mass transfer - Microorganisms  - Nitrogen - Organic acids - Proteins
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen - High-solids - High-solids anaerobic digestion - Mass transfer efficiency - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopies - Total solid concentrations - Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) - Waste activated sludges
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 641.3  Mass Transfer - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.23e-01yr, Mass_Density 1.20e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 3.43e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 265>

Accession number:20184205948096
Title:Eukaryotic Micro-plankton Community Diversity and Characteristics of Regional Distribution in the Yellow Sea by ITS High-throughput Sequencing
Authors:Zhang, Li (1, 2, 3); Lin, Jia-Ning (2, 3); Zhang, Yuan (2, 3); Wang, Shu-Ping (2, 3); Zhang, Xiao-Jiao (2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang; 110036, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) Laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (4) College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian; 116023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Yuan(zhangyuan@craes.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2368-2379
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Eukaryotic micro-plankton plays a key role in the marine biotic community and in maintaining the stability of the marine ecosystem. In order to determine the diversity and characteristics of eukaryotic micro-plankton in the Yellow Sea, Illumina high-throughput sequencing, based on gene markers of ITS, was conducted. An analysis of the relationship between community structure and environmental factors was conducted as well. The results are summarized in the following. &#9312; Various of species of fungi, phytoplankton, and zooplankton were obtained by high-throughput sequencing technology; for OTUs, the order is fungi&gt;phytoplankton&gt;zooplankton, and for reads, the order is fungi&gt;zooplankton&gt;phytoplankton. &#9313; In different waters, species abundance and diversity differed from each other. The Ace index and Chao1 index demonstrated an ordering of southern Yellow Sea&gt;northern Yellow Sea&gt;northern East Sea&gt;Cold Water Mass; however, for the Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index, the tendency followed the order of northern East Sea&gt;northern Yellow Sea&gt;southern Yellow Sea&gt;Cold Water Mass. Species abundance and diversity in the Cold Water Mass were lowest. &#9314; The reads and OTUs of fungi, phytoplankton, and zooplankton increased as temperature rose. The reads and OTUs of fungi increased as salinity increased, while there was an opposite trend for phytoplankton and zooplankton. Latitude was another significant factor. In the range of 30&deg; to 40&deg; north latitude, the Shannon-Wiener index for fungi and zooplankton indicated an increasing tendency with an increase in latitude, while the Shannon-Wiener index for phytoplankton showed an opposite trend. With a greater distance from the coast, the Shannon-Wiener index of fungi, phytoplankton and zooplankton was lower. This is the first study that amplifies the use ITS in the research of marine eukaryotic micro-plankton, giving an enriched understanding of eukaryotic micro-plankton. The feasibility of applying high-throughput sequencing technology in the sea is proven, and this will provide a reference for other researchers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Plankton
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Fungi - Graph theory - Molecular structure - Oceanography - Phytoplankton - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Community structures - Diversity - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Internal transcribed space(ITS) - Plankton communities - Regional distribution - Yellow sea
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 471.1  Oceanography, General - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 921.4  Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710055

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 266>

Accession number:20184205948076
Title:Influencing Factors for Phosphorus Removal by Modified Bio-ceramic Substrates Coated with ZnAl-LDHs Synthesized by Different Modification Conditions
Authors:Xiang, Yang (1); Zhang, Xiang-Ling (1); Lei, Yu (1); Fang, Chen-Jia (1); Yuan, Ye (1); Jiang, Ying-He (1); Xu, Zhou-Ying (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan; 430070, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Xiang-Ling(ZXLCL@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2184-2194
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Under different pH conditions, the hydrothermal and co-precipitation method was used to synthesize layered double hydroxides (LDHs) coated on bio-ceramic substrates with three different Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Al<sup>3+</sup> molar ratios. Applying the original and six kinds of modified bio-ceramic substrates coated with ZnAl-LDHs (bio-ceramic/ZnAl-LDHs) in simulated vertical-flow constructed wetlands, experiments for phosphorus removal and isothermal adsorption were conducted to analyze the mechanism and effect of each synthesis factor. The results showed that ZnAl-LDHs (pH=11) had a more obvious effect on phosphorus removal, especially for bio-ceramic/ZnAl-LDHs (pH=11, 1:1), whose average removal rates of TP, TDP and SRP were enhanced over 70%. Its maximum adsorption capacity for phosphorus was three times higher than that of the original bio-ceramic. Both pH and Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Al<sup>3+</sup> molar ratio affected the configuration and coating properties of bio-ceramic/ZnAl-LDHs at the time of synthesis, and pH was the main synthesis factor for phosphorus removal efficiency of bio-ceramic/ZnAl-LDHs. Through reasonable regulation of pH and Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Al<sup>3+</sup> molar ratio when bio-ceramic/ZnAl-LDHs was synthesized, the phosphorus removal efficiency could be improved effectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Ceramic materials
Controlled terms:Coatings - Efficiency - Phosphorus - Precipitation (chemical) - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Coprecipitation method - Isothermal adsorption - Layered double hydroxides - Modification conditions - Phosphorus removal - Vertical flow constructed wetlands - ZnAl-LDHs
Classification code:802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 812.1  Ceramics - 813.2  Coating Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710128

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 267>

Accession number:20184205948063
Title:Fluorescent Characteristics and Environmental Significance of Particulate Organic Matter in Lake Taihu, China
Authors:L&uuml;, Wei-Wei (1); Yao, Xin (1, 2); Zhang, Bao-Hua (1); Liu, Yan-Long (1); Li, Yuan-Peng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Planning, University of Liaocheng, Liaocheng; 252000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Yao, Xin(yaoxin@lcu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2056-2066
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Thirty-two samples were collected from eight typical areas in Lake Taihu. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMs) and a parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were applied to investigate the fluorescence properties, the sources, and environmental significance of particulate organic matter (POM) from the overlying water in Lake Taihu in summer. Differences in fluorescence characteristics between POM and DOM(dissolved organic matter), and that in POM between the grass lake and the algal lake were further examined. There are five kinds of fluorophores in Lake Taihu: tyrosine-like fluorophores (C1 and C2), humic-like fluorophores (C3 and C4), and tryptophan-like fluorophores (C5), among which significant correlations were found between C1 and C2, C3 and C4, and C5 and two humic-like fluorophores (C4, C3). By comparing with the fluorescence characteristics of DOM from earlier studies, it is found that there are differences in compositions, sources, and correlations with water quality between POM and DOM in Lake Taihu in summer. In summer, the contribution of endogenous inputs to POM is greater than that of exogenous inputs in Lake Taihu because the ranges in the fluorescence indices, FI, BIX, and HIX, are 1.78-2.35, 0.3-2.7, and 0.8-1.1, respectively. Significant correlations have been found between humic-like fluorescent components and TN, TP, Chla, COD, POC, and SS, suggesting that fluorescence analysis can be used as an important method for a semi-quantitative analysis of nutrients. The protein-like components of the algal lake mainly consist of tryptophan and tyrosine, while that of the grass lake mainly contain tyrosine and a few tryptophan. It is worth noting that, the grass lake contains more tyrosine relative to the algal lake (t test, P&lt;0.01). Significant positive correlations between the protein-like and the humic-like fluorescence are found in the algal lake, while it is not significant in the grass lake. Significant positive correlations are found between the fluorescent components (protein-like and humic-like) and chlorophyll-a in the algal lake, while the correlation was only found between humic-like components and chlorophyll-a in the grass lake.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biogeochemistry - Chlorophyll - Eutrophication - Factor analysis - Fluorescence - Fluorophores - Multivariant analysis - Organic compounds - Particulate emissions  - Proteins - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Environmental significance - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence characteristics - Fluorescent characteristic - Parallel factor analysis - Particulate organic matters - Semi-quantitative analysis
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709278

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 268>

Accession number:20184205947399
Title:Effects of Mushroom Residue Application Rates on Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Purple Paddy Soil
Authors:Qi, Le (1); Gao, Ming (1, 2); Zhou, Peng (1); Wang, Fu-Hua (1); Gao, Yong-Qin (1); Chen, Shi-Qi (1); Wu, Si-Qi (1); Deng, Jing-Lin (1); Wen, Ting (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Ming(gaoming@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2827-2836
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:China is the leading country for production of edible mushrooms and also outputs numerous mushroom residues. The recycling of mushroom residue can solve environmental pollution problems, provide nutrients for the farmland, and play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing soil carbon sequestration capacity. In order to investigate the effects of mushroom residue amounts on net greenhouse gas emissions in purple paddy soil, potted experiments using static opaque chamber and gas chromatography methods were used to study the changes of greenhouse gases, soil carbon sequestration, and net greenhouse gas emissions (NGHGE) in the paddy soil with five treatments: no fertilizer (CK), conventional fertilization (NPK), 9 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> mushroom residue+NPK (LM), 18 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> mushroom residue+NPK (MM), and 36 t&bull;hm<sup>2</sup> mushroom residue+NPK (HM) from March 2017 to September 2017.The results showed that: &#9312; The greenhouse gas emissions (including CH<inf>4</inf>, CO<inf>2</inf>, and N<inf>2</inf>O) increased with increasing additions of mushroom residue. The emissions of CH<inf>4</inf> from highest to lowest followed: HM&gt;MM&gt;LM&asymp;NPK&gt;CK. The HM treatment significantly increased the CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux (P&lt;0.01) more than the other treatments and showed an obvious single peak curve, while the CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux with the LM treatment showed a bimodal curve, and the MM treatment showed a multiple peak curve. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux followed: MM&gt;NPK&asymp;LM&gt;HM&gt;CK; and the curves for the LM, MM, and HM treatments were a single peak curve, bimodal curve, and multiple peak curve, respectively. The N<inf>2</inf>O cumulative emission from the NPK treatment was significantly higher than with the other treatments. The N<inf>2</inf>O emission flux of the NPK treatment was a bimodal curve and that of the HM treatment was a single peak curve, while the N<inf>2</inf>O emission flux of treatments LM and MM showed multiple peak curves. &#9313; The carbon sequestration capacity with the LM treatment was lower than that of the other treatments and that from the MM treatment was the highest. The carbon sequestration capacity of the MM treatment increased by 59.2% compared to that of the NPK treatment and increased by 87.79% and 65.65% compared to that of the LM and HM treatments. The LM treatment has the highest carbon sequestration capacity, which was higher than that of the NPK and MM treatments and about 2.1 times greater than the CK treatment and HM treatment. &#9314; The minimum NGHGE value was -490.29 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> for the whole rice production period, and 18 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> mushroom residue applied to the soil was the best way to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions in purple paddy soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Gas chromatography - Greenhouse gases - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon sequestration - Cumulative emissions - Environmental pollution problem - Mushroom residue - NGHGE - Purple paddy soils - Soil carbon sequestration - Soil respiration
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.92e+01%, Percentage 6.57e+01%, Percentage 8.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711029

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 269>

Accession number:20184205947387
Title:Effects and Mechanism of the Combination of Ozone-PAC as a Pretreatment for the Reduction of Membrane Fouling
Authors:Dong, Bing-Zhi (1, 2); Gao, Hao-Yang (1); Hu, Meng-Liu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2732-2739
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of ozone, powdered activated carbon (PAC), and their combination on controlling fouling and the removal of organic matter were investigated. The results showed that ozone mainly oxidized strong hydrophobic, high relative molecular mass (M<inf>r</inf>) compounds and the high M<inf>r</inf> was transferred to medium and small M<inf>r</inf> hydrophilic fractions. Ozone could control fouling effectively, demonstrating that hydrophobic organic matter with higher M<inf>r</inf> contributed to membrane fouling. PAC adsorbed organics with small M<inf>r</inf> and alleviated membrane fouling, showing that organics with small M<inf>r</inf> contributed also to membrane fouling. The ozone and PAC combination controlled membrane fouling and also enhanced the removal of organics, demonstrating the synergistic effect of such a combination.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Ozone water treatment
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Activated carbon treatment - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Fouling - Hydrophobicity - Membrane fouling - Membranes - Organic compounds - Ozone  - Potable water - Ultrafiltration
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorbed organics - Organics - Ozone pacs - Powdered activated carbon - Powered activated carbons - Pre-Treatment - Relative molecular mass - Synergistic effect
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710052

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 270>

Accession number:20184205947364
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Water-soluble Ions in PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Winter in Panjin
Authors:Zhang, Lei (1); Ji, Ya-Qin (1); Wang, Shi-Bao (1); Zhao, Jing-Qi (1); Zhang, Jun (2); Li, Yue-Yang (1); Zhang, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China; (2) Panjin Environmental Monitoring Center, Panjin; 124010, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, Ya-Qin(jiyaqin@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2521-2527
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the characteristics and source of water-soluble ions in PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Panjin, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected at three sites in January of 2017, and the levels of eight ions (Na<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) were determined by ICS-900 ion chromatograph. The characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, the water-soluble ion concentration, SOR and NOR calculation, and ion balance calculation were investigated, and a principal component analysis was conducted. The results showed that the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf>and water-soluble ions followed a descending sequence of park&gt;development zone&gt;the second middle school. SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> were the major components of the water-soluble ions at the three sampling sites. SOR and NOR values were all higher than 0.10, indicating that SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were mainly converted from SO<inf>2</inf> and NO<inf>x</inf>. The ion balance calculation demonstrated that the cationic and anion equivalents in Panjin had great correlation in winter. Further study showed that the atmosphere in the development zone presented as neutral and that in the cultural park and the second middle school presented as partially alkaline. The principal component analysis further indicated that the water-soluble ions were mainly derived from fuel combustion, biomass burning, secondary particles, and re-suspended dust in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Fuels - Ions
Uncontrolled terms:Panjin City - PM2.5 - Source apportionment - Water-soluble ions - Winter
Classification code:922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710032

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 271>

Accession number:20184205947379
Title:Environmental Significance of the Stable Isotopes in Precipitation at Different Altitudes in the Tuolai River Basin
Authors:Li, Yong-Ge (1, 2); Li, Zong-Xing (1); Feng, Qi (1); Xiao, Lian-Gui (3); L&uuml;, Yue-Min (1, 2); Gui, Juan (4); Yuan, Rui-Feng (4); Zhang, Bai-Juan (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin/Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Meteorological Administration of Tianjun, Tianjun; 817200, China; (4) College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (5) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Zong-Xing(lizxhhs@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2661-2672
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Precipitation samples and meteorological data were collected simultaneously during individual precipitation events at Tuole station (3 367 m a.s.l.) and Jiayuguan station (1 658 m a.s.l.) in the Tuolai River Basin. A study of temporal variation, Local Meteoric Water Lines, and altitude change on precipitation stable isotopes was conducted. The relationships between precipitation stable isotopes and temperature, precipitation, average vapor pressure, and relative humidity were determined in order to explore the environmental significance of the stable isotopes at different altitudes in the middle reaches of the Qilian Mountains. The analysis indicated that the stable isotopes of the precipitation in Tuole and Jiayuguan station were characterized by pronounced seasonal variation, with Tuole having higher &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values in summer and autumn and lower &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values in spring and winter, while Jiayuguan displays higher &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values in spring and lower in other seasons. The d-excess was correlated negatively with &delta;<sup>18</sup>O, and the correlation coefficients between &delta;<sup>18</sup>O and d-excess decreased with increasing altitude due to weakening sub-cloud evaporation. The slope and intercept of the Local Meteoric Water Lines from Jiayuguan to Tuole rose significantly, showing an increasing trend from low altitude to high altitude. For the precipitation events above 10&#8451;, &delta;<sup>18</sup>O of Tuole was positively correlated with the temperature, but the Jiayuguan results indicated the opposite. Sub-cloud evaporation weakened with high precipitation events in Jiayuguan. &delta;<sup>18</sup>O and d-excess were positively correlated with the average vapor pressure, which declined from Tuole to Jiayuguan. Since the water vapor pressure and saturated water vapor pressure increased, it was difficult to form precipitation with decreasing altitude. The local strong sub-cloud evaporation caused &delta;<sup>18</sup>O and &delta;D was positive at low altitude, while the effect of moisture recycling is obvious, such that &delta;<sup>18</sup>O and &delta;D are negative in high altitude areas. There is no significant positive correlation between the &delta;<sup>18</sup>O and the relative humidity of the precipitation in Jiayuguan, while Tuole displays an opposite pattern. The results of the study will provide a scientific basis for further study of precipitation isotopes in the Tuolai River basin.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:57
Main heading:Precipitation (meteorology)
Controlled terms:Evaporation - Hydrostatic pressure - Isotopes - Precipitation (chemical) - Rivers - Vapor pressure - Water piping systems - Water vapor - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Altitude - Correlation coefficient - Environmental significance - Positive correlations - Precipitation events - Precipitation samples - River basins - Stable isotopes
Classification code:443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 631.1.1  Liquid Dynamics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.3  Chemical Operations
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708087

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 272>

Accession number:20184205947388
Title:Start-up and Process Characteristics of Simultaneous ANAMMOX and Denitrification (SAD) in a Pilot-scale Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (ASBR)
Authors:Yu, De-Shuang (1); Tang, Jia-Jia (1); Zhang, Jun (1); Wang, Xiao-Xia (1); Zhao, Hong (2); Han, Chang-Min (2); Sun, Jie (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (2) Wuhan Kaidi Electric Power Environmental Co., Ltd., Wuhan; 430023, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Xia(elainewangxx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2740-2747
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pilot scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR, working volume 530 L), inoculated by anaerobic sludge from an A<sup>2</sup>O process, was developed to investigate the start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) and its combination with denitrification for deep-level nitrogen removal from saline wastewater. Simultaneously, the flora structure was analyzed. Results showed that under the conditions of temperature 35&#8451;&plusmn;1&#8451;and reaction time 14 h, ANAMMOX was successfully started-up after 160 days of operation. During the stabilized operation stage, ANAMMOX coupled with denitrification (SAD) led to a total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency and removal rate of 91.1% and 0.45 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The successful cultivated sludge formed granules and presented as a light red color, with the main bacteria genus being Candidatus Brocadia (10.6%). Additionally, high efficiency nitrogen and organic carbon removal (COD and TN removal efficiency of 93.2% and 90.0%, respectively) from wastewater simulating desulfurization and denitrification tailings with high salinity (Cl<sup>-</sup> concentration of 8000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) was achieved in the SAD system by gradually increasing the salinity gradient. Moreover, the denitrification in SAD was mostly NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N&rarr;N<inf>2</inf>, with partial denitrification (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N&rarr;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) accounting for only 30.3%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Batch reactors - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Efficiency - Organic carbon - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors - ANAMMOX - Desulfurization and denitrifications - Organic carbon removals - Process characteristics - Removal efficiencies - Saline wastewater - Salinity gradients
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.38e-01yr, Mass_Density 8.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.06e+01%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.11e+01%, Percentage 9.32e+01%, Time 5.04e+04s, Volume 5.30e-01m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710101

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 273>

Accession number:20184205948059
Title:Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Emitted from Typical Industrial Biomass Boilers
Authors:Lin, Yu-Jun (1); Bai, Li (1); Wang, Huan-Xiang (1); Xiao, Wen (1); Liu, Jun (1); Xiang, Yun-Rong (1); Zhang, Chun-Lin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Centre, Guangzhou; 510308, China; (2) Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 511443, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Wen(13640210298@139.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2023-2029
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This research selected 13 types of industrial biomass boilers and used GC-MS technology to investigate the characteristics of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from the boils. The results show that the total emissions of the 15 PAHs was 0.02-27.8 g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, and the concentration was 0.77-3 173 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. There was a large different in the &sum;<inf>15</inf>PAHs concentration and emissions for each boiler. The maximum concentration appeared in the No.13 boiler sample, and the maximum emissions appeared in the No.4 boiler sample; these have relatively high concentrations of PAHs and large stack gas velocities. PAHs were found to be dominant in the gas phase, with a proportion of 45.9%~100%. Acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were the main PAHs. The spectral distribution profiles of the 15 PAHs were similar, and the general concentrations were C<inf>3,4 rings</inf>&gt;C<inf>5,6 rings</inf>. Diagnostic ratios the fluoranthene to fluoranthene plus pyrene (Flu/(Flu+Pyr)) from biomass combustion were greater than 0.5, except for the No.4 sample, which was 0.4. There were obvious positive interrelationships between O<inf>2</inf> and acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. In addition, there were obvious interrelationships between CO and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and acenaphthene.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Boilers
Controlled terms:Anthracene - Biomass - Combustion - Discharge (fluid mechanics) - Gas emissions - Hydrocarbons - Industrial research - Mineral oils - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Pyrene
Uncontrolled terms:Biomass combustion - Biomass fuels - Diagnostic ratios - Maximum concentrations - Maximum emissions - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Source profiles - Spectral distribution
Classification code:513.3  Petroleum Products - 614  Steam Power Plants - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 901.3  Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Flow_Rate 5.56e-09kg/s to 7.72e-06kg/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709113

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 274>

Accession number:20184205948061
Title:Contribution of Nitrogen Sources in Water Sources by Combining Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes and SIAR
Authors:Jin, Zan-Fang (1); Zhang, Wen-Liao (1); Zheng, Qi (1); Zhu, Chen-Yang (1); Li, Fei-Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310032, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Fei-Li(lifeili@zjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2039-2047
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:It is very important to identify nitrate sources in reservoirs that serve as high quality water sources to control its eutrophication. Stable isotopes (&delta;<sup>15</sup>N and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O) and a Bayesian model (stable isotope analysis in R, SIAR) were applied to identify nitrate sources and estimate the proportional contributions of multiple nitrate sources in four reservoirs (Qingshan reservoir, Duihekou reservoir, Siling reservoir, and Lifan reservoir) that serve as sources of drinking water in the Hangjiahu area, one of the most densely populated and most quickly developing areas in East China. It was shown that nitrogen pollution, which was dominated by nitrate (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>), existed in the four reservoirs. Greater human activities caused more nitrogen pollution (average NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration 0.21 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) in the Qingshan reservoir. A significant positive correlation (P&lt;0.01) was observed between Cl<sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. The analysis of the water in the Duihekou reservoir, Siling reservoir, and Lifan reservoir, with lower Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations and higher NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> ratios, suggested that chemical fertilizer was the main source, while the analysis of the water in the Qingshan reservoir, with medium Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> ratios, indicated a mixture of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> sources. The &delta;<sup>15</sup>N ranged from 0.9&permil; to 7.2&permil;, and the &delta;<sup>18</sup>O ranged from 2.8&permil; to 14.1&permil; in the four reservoirs. The &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values in more than 86% of the water samples were less than 10&permil;, and the &delta;<sup>15</sup>N/&delta;<sup>18</sup>O values in 93% of the water samples were less than 1.3. It was identified that nitrification rather than denitrification acted as the primary N cycling process in the four reservoirs. SIAR was used to estimate the proportional contribution of five NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>sources (industrial wastewater, sewage/manure, chemical fertilizer, soil nitrogen, and precipitation) in the Qingshan reservoir and of three NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>sources (chemical fertilizer, soil nitrogen, and precipitation) in the Duihekou reservoir, Siling reservoir, and Lifan reservoir. The source apportionment results showed that chemical fertilizers and soil nitrogen were the dominant nitrate sources and their contributions were 75%-82%. It was revealed that nitrogen pollution in the water source reservoir caused by cropping non-point source pollution was very serious. Nitrate source contributions in Qingshan reservoir also included sewage/manure (25%), soil nitrogen (7%), and precipitation (6%), indicating that nitrogen pollution by sewage/manure should not be ignored in the higher human activity areas. The nitrate source in the Duihekou reservoir, Siling reservoir, and Lifan reservoir also included precipitation, with the nitrate contribution from precipitation at 21%, 24%, and 15%, respectively. It was suggested that precipitation contributed more nitrate to the water in areas with less human activity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Bayesian networks - Chemical analysis - Eutrophication - Isotopes - Nitrates - Nitrification - Nitrogen fertilizers - Oxygen - Potable water - Precipitation (chemical)  - Quality control - Sewage - Soils - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Industrial wastewaters - Nitrogen and oxygen isotopes - Non-point source pollution - Positive correlations - Source apportionment - Stable-isotope analysis - Water source
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 921.4  Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 2.10e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 7.50e+01% to 8.20e+01%, Percentage 8.60e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709191

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 275>

Accession number:20184205947203
Title:Mercury Distribution of Benthonic Animals and Response to Mercury in Sediments in Caohai Wetland, Guizhou Province
Authors:Xu, Yi-Yuan (1); Zeng, Ling-Xia (1); He, Tian-Rong (1); Chen, Meng-Yu (1); Qian, Xiao-Li (2); Li, Zhen-Ji (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang; 550003, China; (2) School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang; 550003, China; (3) National Nature Reserve of Caohai, Weining; 553100, China 
Corresponding author:He, Tian-Rong(hetianrong@139.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2953-2962
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Caohai wetland is a National Nature Reserve. Benthic animals were collected from the deep-water area in the middle of Caohai Lake and the shallow-water area in the surrounding marshes, and mercury and methyl mercury distributions in the benthic animals were analyzed and discussed. The risk of mercury pollution was evaluated. The concentrations of total mercury and methyl mercury in the benthonic animals were in the range of 0.51-46.55 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>with an average of 7.82 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 0.04-27.71 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>with an average of 4.31 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. This was lower than reports from other natural reserves. By contrast, the total mercury and methyl mercury in the benthic animals in summer were higher than in other seasons, which was consistent with the characteristics of methyl mercury distribution in sediments but opposite to the spatial distribution characteristics of total mercury in sediments. The methyl mercury contents in Cipangopaludina cathayensis were positively correlated with the content of methyl mercury in the sediments (r=0.52, P&lt;0.05). The results showed methylation and the bioavailability of mercury in sediments from the shallow-water area were obviously higher than those from the deep-water area in the middle of Caohai Lake. The difference in organic matter content of the sediment or the wet-dry alternation (flooding-receding-flooding) in the surrounding shallow marshes was suspected to be associated with the obvious difference. The high enrichment coefficient of total mercury and methyl mercury in benthic animals were sufficient to raise the risk of mercury contamination in the aquatic food chain in the wetland.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Chemical contamination
Controlled terms:Alkylation - Animals - Biochemistry - Floods - Lake pollution - Lakes - Mercury (metal) - Risk assessment - Sediments - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Caohai - Distribution characteristics - Enrichment coefficients - Mercury contamination - Mercury distribution - Methyl mercury - Organic matter content - Total mercuries
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 822.3  Food Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709259

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 276>

Accession number:20184205948085
Title:Microbial Community Dynamics During Two Sludge Granulation Processes
Authors:Gao, Jing-Feng (1); Zhang, Li-Fang (1); Zhang, Shu-Jun (2); Gao, Yong-Qing (2); Wang, Shi-Jie (1); Fan, Xiao-Yan (1); Pan, Kai-Ling (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Research and Development Center of Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100124, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2265-2273
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). In this study, AGS was broken during the formation process and then mature AGS formed again. The microbial community dynamics during two sludge granulation processes were investigated using high-throughput sequencing to reveal the dominant bacteria beneficial to AGS formation. The abundance dynamics of nitrifying microorganisms were analyzed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that the amount of extracellular protein and polysaccharides increased during two sludge granulation processes. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) increased during the first AGS formation process and during the process of AGS maturation. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) decreased during the first AGS formation process, while it maintained a higher abundance than AOA during AGS cultivation. Microbial diversity decreased with AGS formation. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased by 12.29% and 5.90% during two sludge granulation processes, respectively. Candidatus Competibacter belonging to Proteobacteria was enriched during two sludge granulation processes, accounting for 14.20% in mature AGS. Overall, extracellular protein and polysaccharides may have contributed to the sludge granulation. Both AOA and AOB might have been involved in ammonia oxidation. This study indicated that Ca. Competibacter might contribute to AGS formation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Batch reactors - Dynamics - Granular materials - Granulation - Nitrification - Polymerase chain reaction - Polysaccharides - Proteins - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic granular sludges - Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Competibacter - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial communities - Microbial community dynamics - Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Classification code:801.2  Biochemistry - 802  Chemical Apparatus and Plants; Unit Operations; Unit Processes - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.23e+01%, Percentage 1.42e+01%, Percentage 5.90e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709289

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 277>

Accession number:20184205947377
Title:Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of Drip Water Hydrogeochemistry in the Xueyu Cave of Chongqing and Its Implications for Environmental Research
Authors:Zeng, Ze (1); Jiang, Yong-Jun (1); L&uuml;, Xian-Fu (1); Zeng, Si-Bo (1); Hu, Liu-Chan (1); Lei, Jia-Qi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Yong-Jun(jiangjyj@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2641-2650
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Geochemical indexes of drip water were monitored to unveil their seasonal variability and response mechanism to the external climate from March 2015 to March 2017 at four sites in Xueyu Cave, Chongqing municipality. The results showed that four drips show a significant difference in ion concentration and discharge despite all sites having simple HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-Ca<sup>2+</sup> waters and being super-saturated with respect to calcite. Being subject to geochemical processes, such as bedrock dissolution, dilution, and prior calcite precipitation (PCP), the geochemistry indexes, such as Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, EC, pH, pCO<inf>2</inf>, and SIc, at the four sites showed extraordinary seasonal variations and could perfectly respond to external climate events. Due to the difference of migration pathways and PCP intension, different types of drip water had diverse seasonal variations in Mg/Ca. Affected by soil CO<inf>2</inf>content and hydrodynamic conditions, the &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf>of all sites had correlations with external temperature or precipitation. On a short time scale, the &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf>values reflected the precipitation amount in the site with its flow path controlled by conduit flow.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:Geochemistry
Controlled terms:Calcite - Caves - Confined flow
Uncontrolled terms:Drip waters - Environmental researches - Geochemical features - Hydro geochemistries - Hydrodynamic conditions - Prior calcite precipitations - Seasonal variability - Spatial and temporal variation
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 482.2  Minerals - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709080

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 278>

Accession number:20183905856863
Title:Spatial Variability and Contamination of Arsenic in Soils of Xijiang River Basin
Authors:Liu, Chang (1); Song, Bo (1, 2); Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Lei, Mei (3); Tian, Mei-Ling (1); Yu, Yuan-Yuan (1); Pang, Rui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Bo(songbo@glut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:899-908
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, 2 585 soil samples were collected in the Xijiang River Basin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the spatial variability and contamination of Arsenic in soils were evaluated using geostatistical and GIS tools. The results showed that the concentrations of As in surface soils (23.82 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) were higher than the background values of the Guangxi and Xijiang Rivers in natural soils; the upstream values (Diaojiang River and Huanjiang River) (30.22 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) were significantly higher than those in other regions. Concentrations of As in soil samples were in the order of soil in mining areas&gt;soil in dryland&gt;natural soil&gt;paddy soil. As in mining areas were significantly higher than in other areas; high As concentrations were measured in the upstream of the Diaojiang River basin and the downstream of the Huanjiang River Basin. Low concentration clusters were in the six villages of Nandan, which are far from the mine, and in the upper reaches of the Dahuanjiang River and Xiaohuanjiang River Basin. Spatial autocorrelations of arsenic in the watershed soil were evident and the structural variability was dominant. The concentration of As in the upper reaches decreased from the northwest to the southeast. High As concentrations were distributed naturally along the river basin; concentrations in the middle and lower reaches of the basin were between 0.44 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>and 40 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The concentration levels of As in total soil samples ranged from no-pollution to slight pollution, and the pollution was mainly distributed in the administrative areas of the city and the intensive areas of mining activities, among which the soil pollution in Jinchengjiang River and Nandan counties was more prominent. Effective measures should be taken to strengthen the safety level of tailings reservoirs during the rainy season, so as to maintain the production levels while protecting living standards of local residents.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Arsenic - Rivers - Soil pollution - Soil surveys - Soils - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Concentration levels - Pollution assessment - River basins - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatial variability - Spatial variations - Structural variability - Tailings reservoirs
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708244

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 279>

Accession number:20183905856751
Title:Characteristics of Heavy Metals Pollution of Farmland and the Leaching Effect of Rainfall in Tianjin
Authors:Xu, Meng-Meng (1); Liu, Ai-Feng (1); Shi, Rong-Guang (2); Lan, Jing (3); Tian, Yong (1); Zhao, Zong-Shan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao; 266101, China; (2) Agro-Environment Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China; (3) College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Rong-Guang(winsomesky@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1095-1101
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The leaching effect of the rainfall process for removing heavy metals from farmland soils is a critical physical process. To study the leaching effect of the rainfall process on heavy metals in soil, the pollution characteristics of seven heavy metals in farmland soil have been investigated in the suburban Tianjin region by combining the current data with previously reported runoff data in the same region. There is a large difference for these tested heavy metals in soils, with Zn having the highest concentration at 106.61&plusmn;56.24 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and Cd having the lowest concentration at 0.31&plusmn;0.31 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Compared with the background value in Tianjin, only the content of Cd is at higher levels (a four-fold increase). The results from a single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index analysis indicate that the comprehensive pollution index ranking is Cd&gt;Cu&gt;Ni&gt;Zn&gt;As&asymp;Cr&gt;Pb. Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn are in the moderate pollution, mild pollution, and alert level categories, respectively. Except for As, the results from a correlation analysis, the principal component analysis (PCA), and the cluster analysis indicate the possible similar origins of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. The multivariate statistical analysis indicates that Cd is mainly derived from human activities, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Pb are affected by anthropogenic and natural sources, and As is mainly influenced by natural conditions. By comparing the ratios of individual heavy metals to Cr in soils and runoffs, the leaching behaviors have been studied, with the leaching capacity ranked as Cd&gt;As&gt;Cu&asymp;Pb&gt;Ni&gt;Cr&asymp;Zn. In summary, Cd pollution in soil is more prominent than pollution from other metals and should receive attention.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Cluster analysis - Farms - Heavy metals - Leaching - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Rain - Runoff - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation analysis - Farmland soils - Heavy metals in soil - Heavy metals pollution - Multi variate analysis - Multivariate statistical analysis - Rainfall runoff - Tianjin
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706213

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 280>

Accession number:20183905856420
Title:Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Carbon and its Fractions in the Wolfberry Field of Zhongning County
Authors:Wang, You-Qi (1, 2); Zhao, Yun-Peng (1, 2); Bai, Yi-Ru (1, 2); Zhang, Xing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China; (2) Ningxia (China-Arab) Key Laboratory of Resource Assessment and Environment Regulation in Arid Region, Yinchuan; 750021, China 
Corresponding author:Bai, Yi-Ru(yr0823@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1396-1403
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:It is important to accurately assess the regional spatial distribution and variation of soil carbon and its fractions due to its great significance in soil carbon cycling and soil quality. The objectives of this study were to investigate the spatial variability of soil carbon and its fractions using classical and geostatistical statistics. Topsoil samples (0-20 cm) from 119 sites in Wolfberry Field were collected from a grid of 100 m&times;100 m in Zhongning County. The GS+7.0 software was used to fit a semivariance model to determine the optimal theoretical model and parameters. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil carbon and its fractions were studied by ordinary kriging. The classical statistical analyses showed that the average concentrations of total carbon, inorganic carbon, organic carbon, active organic carbon, medium active organic carbon, and high active organic carbon were 28.74, 18.72, 10.09, 1.81, 1.48, and 0.73 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The variation coefficient of total carbon and inorganic carbon were 7.69% and 9.13%, indicating a strong variation, while the other soil carbon fractions showed moderate variation with the coefficients of variations ranging from 14.77%-52.05%. The geostatistical analyses revealed that the semivariogram of organic carbon was best fit by the spherical model, while the other five kinds of carbon fractions were best fit by the exponential model. The nugget coefficients of total carbon and organic carbon were 48.99% and 34.35%, which demonstrated moderate spatial dependence. The nugget coefficients of inorganic carbon, active organic carbon, medium active organic carbon, and high active organic carbon were 8.17%, 0.25%, 12.18%, and 0.08%, which demonstrated strong spatial dependence. The ordinary kriging interpolation map indicated that the spatial distribution patterns were similar for total carbon, organic carbon, medium active organic carbon, and high active organic carbon, which increased from southeast to northwest. Inorganic carbon and active organic carbon presented an irregular plaque distribution in the study area. Spatial interpolation maps could provide useful information for environmental management and the sustainable use of land resources in this region.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Carbon - Environmental management - Information management - Interpolation - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficients of variations - Distribution characteristics - Geographic information technologies - Geostatistic - Geostatistical analysis - Ningxia - Spatial distribution patterns - Spatial interpolation
Classification code:454.1  Environmental Engineering, General - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 921.6  Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.48e+01% to 5.20e+01%, Percentage 2.50e-01%, Percentage 3.44e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 7.69e+00%, Percentage 8.00e-02%, Percentage 8.17e+00%, Percentage 9.13e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706143

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 281>

Accession number:20183905856759
Title:Effects of Wastewater Nitrogen Concentrations and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> on Nitrogen Removal Ability and the Nitrogen Component of Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc
Authors:Ma, Yong-Fei (1); Yang, Xiao-Zhen (1); Zhao, Xiao-Hu (1); Hu, Cheng-Xiao (1); Tan, Qi-Ling (1); Sun, Xue-Cheng (1); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-type Fertilizer, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410000, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Cheng-Xiao(hucx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1167-1179
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Solution culture experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of wastewater nitrogen levels and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> on nitrogen removal ability and the nitrogen component of Myriophyllum aquaticum. Experiments with three nitrogen levels and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were set up as follows: 20, 100, and 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> 1:0, 0.5:0.5, and 0:1. The results showed that the biomass of plants increased fastest during the first week. The plants treated with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=1:0 with nitrogen levels of 20 and 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and those treated with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=0.5:0.5 with a nitrogen concentration of 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> exhibited higher biomass than the others. The removal rates of water total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen during the first week were the maximum for all treatments and increased with water nitrogen levels. There were no significant differences in the removal rate between ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen with a nitrogen level of 20 mg/L, while with nitrogen levels of 100 and 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the nitrate removal rates were higher than those for ammonium nitrogen. The Myriophyllum aquaticum nitrogen accumulation and its contribution rate to nitrogen removal from water and sediment were all increased with water nitrogen levels and increased fastest during the first week. The contribution rate of nitrogen accumulated by plants with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=0:1 was the highest with nitrogen levels of 20 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, while plants with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=0.5:0.5 were the highest with nitrogen levels of 100 and 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The protein, amino, and nitrate nitrogen contents in Myriophyllum aquaticum plants were all increased by increasing water nitrogen levels with a ranking of protein content&gt;amino nitrogen content&gt;nitrate nitrogen content. The protein concentrations in plants with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=1:0 and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=0.5:0.5 were higher regardless of water nitrogen levels, while the amino nitrogen concentration in plants with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=1:0 and the nitrate nitrogen content in plants with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=0:1 were higher than the others. It was concluded that the nitrogen removal ability of Myriophyllum aquaticum was improved by raising water nitrogen levels under the tested condition, which indicates that Myriophyllum aquaticum could purify high nitrogen wastewater. Myriophyllum aquaticum is an ammonium-nitrophile, but had the strongest capacity for growing and removing wastewater nitrogen exhibited with higher than 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> nitrogen levels only with equal NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> to NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. The nitrogen component concentrations of protein, amino, and nitrate in Myriophyllum aquaticum plant were all affected by the ratio of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Grain (agricultural product) - Nitrates - Proteins - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Myriophyllum aquaticum - NH4^+/NO3^- - Nitrogen accumulation - Nitrogen component - Nitrogen concentrations
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706139

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 282>

Accession number:20183905856831
Title:Pollutant Emissions from Diesel Buses Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Based Biodiesel
Authors:Hu, Zhi-Yuan (1); Lin, Biao-Qi (1); Huang, Cheng (2, 3); Wang, Hong-Li (2, 3); Jing, Sheng-Ao (2, 3); Lou, Di-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai; 201804, China; (2) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Urban Air Pollution in China, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:626-632
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two diesel buses respectively certified to meet China &#8546; and China &#8548; emission standards were used as prototype vehicles, fixed on a heavy-duty chassis dynamometer and driven according to a typical city bus driving cycle to analyze the pollutant emissions and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The buses were fueled with diesel and waste cooking oil based biodiesel with 10 vol% blend ratio (B10). The emissions of total hydrocarbon(THC), CO, particulate matter (PM), and the number of solid particles with a diameter of 23 nm to 2.5 &mu;m (referred to as "solid particulate number of PM<inf>2.5</inf>") from the bus certified to meet China &#8548; (referred to as "China V bus") were 39.3%, 19.9%, 77.4%, and 28.4% lower than those from the other bus certified to meet China &#8546; (referred to as "China &#8546; bus"), while NO<inf>x</inf> emissions were 31.7% higher. Moreover, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and oxygenated compounds in VOCs emitted from the China V bus were lower than those emitted from the China &#8546; bus, suggesting lower atmospheric reactivity and smaller potential of secondary organic aerosol formation. Compared with the emission results of two diesel-fueled buses, the B10-fueled buses emitted smaller amounts of THC, CO, PM, and solid particulate number of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, lower oxygenated compounds but higher alkenes; slightly higher NO<inf>x</inf> emissions than China &#8546; but slightly lower NO<inf>x</inf> emissions than China V. Consequently, the atmospheric reactivity of VOCs in exhaust gas from the bus fueled with B10 was higher than that from the diesel-powered bus.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Buses
Controlled terms:Aromatic hydrocarbons - Biodiesel - Dynamometers - Exhaust gases - Gas emissions - Nitrogen oxides - Oils and fats - Organic pollutants - Particles (particulate matter) - Particulate emissions  - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chassis dynamometers - Diesel bus - Oxygenated compounds - Pollutant emission - Prototype vehicles - Secondary organic aerosols - Total hydrocarbons - Waste cooking oil
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 523  Liquid Fuels - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 943.1  Mechanical Instruments - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.99e+01%, Percentage 2.84e+01%, Percentage 3.17e+01%, Percentage 3.93e+01%, Percentage 7.74e+01%, Size 2.30e-08m to 2.50e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707262

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 283>

Accession number:20183905856772
Title:Characteristics of Biofilm During the Transition Process of Complete Nitrification and Partial Nitrification
Authors:Zhao, Qing (1); Bian, Wei (1); Li, Jun (1); Wang, Wen-Xiao (1); Sun, Yi-Qi (1); Liang, Dong-Bo (1); Zhang, Shu-Yan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) China Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Limited Company of Shenhua Group, Beijing; 100011, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jun(jglijun@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1278-1285
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The objective of the study was to investigate the change of biofilm characteristics when implementing the procedure of partial nitrification. A ratio control strategy (DO/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) was taken to achieve partial nitrification, and biofilm samples were obtained at 10.27%, 52.12%, and 93.54% of the nitrite accumulation rate. The amount and spatial distribution of total bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and nitrite oxidative bacteria (NOB) were observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) through a three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (EEM) to observe the secretion and composition changes of extracellular polymer substances. Ratio control successfully enriched AOB and achieved partial nitrification under conditions when NOB was not completely washed. Heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria coexist in the biofilm. The heterotrophic bacteria were in the outer layer, but nitrifying bacteria were distributed in the biofilm surface at 6-25 &mu;m. During the process of short-range nitrification, the AOB/NOB value gradually increased, and the stable operation period was as high as 15.56. During the operation of the reactor, EPS and microbial flora changes are closely related. When microbial activity decreased, EPS secretion decreased. During the stable operation period of partial nitrification, NOB and other bacteria that are non-resistant to high nitrite nitrous acid declined, and the fluorescence intensity of aromatic protein-like bacteria decreased. However, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra showed that the chemical composition of EPS was not obvious during the process of partial nitrification.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Biofilms - Fluorescence - Fluorescence microscopy - Laser excitation - Nitration - Physiology - Polymers
Uncontrolled terms:Confocal laser scanning microscope - Excitation emission matrices - Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Extracellular polymer substance - Fluorescence in situ hybridization - Nitrifying bacteria - Partial nitrification - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 741.1  Light/Optics - 744.9  Laser Applications - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 931.4  Quantum Theory; Quantum Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.03e+01%, Percentage 5.21e+01%, Percentage 9.35e+01%, Size 6.00e-06m to 2.50e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708055

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 284>

Accession number:20183905856821
Title:Industrial VOCs Emission in Qinhuangdao
Authors:Hu, Xiao-Yu (1); Liu, Hang (1); Wang, Nai-Yu (1); Wang, Can (1); Chuai, Ying (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300372, China; (2) Qinhuangdao Environmental Protection Agency Publicity and Education Center, Qinhuangdao; 066000, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Can(wangcan@tju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:543-550
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study established a VOC emissions inventory for Qinhuangdao City using the data on the product yield, raw material use, the concentration of VOCs, the discharge flow, and activities of 609 enterprises. The amount of annual VOC emissions obtained from direct measurements and emission factor methods was 8 420.07 t; 48.9% of which was from the economechnological development district, which is the major industrial source of VOCs in the region. Benzene, lipids, alkanes, and ketones were the main industrial VOC components. For important VOC-emitting industries, processing of petroleum, coking, processing of nuclear fuel contributed 30.35% of total VOCs emissions in Qinhuangdao, and manufacture of chemical raw materials, chemical products contributed 14.42%. Solvent use was the most important emission link, which accounted for 37% of total industrial VOCs emissions. About 109 of 609 investigated plants have VOC treatment facilities, 69% of which are based on adsorption technology.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Industry - Ketones - Processing
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption technology - Chemical products - Chemical raw materials - Direct measurement - Emission factors - Emissions inventory - Industrial sources - Qinhuangdao
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.4  Manufacturing
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.44e+01%, Percentage 3.04e+01%, Percentage 3.70e+01%, Percentage 4.89e+01%, Percentage 6.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706163

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 285>

Accession number:20183905856820
Title:Emission Inventory and Pollution Characteristics of Industrial VOCs in Hangzhou, China
Authors:Lu, Bin (1); Huang, Cheng (2); Lu, Qing (3); Yang, Qiang (1); Jing, Bao-Li (1); Xia, Yang (1); Tang, Wei (1); Gu, Ze-Ping (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hangzhou Institute of Environment Sciences, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (2) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) Urban Environment and Ecology Research Center, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China; (4) Hangzhou Environmental Supervision Detachment, Hangzhou; 310004, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Cheng(huangc@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:533-542
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:For the 2022 Asian Games, a series of major events were held in Hangzhou City in 2016 at the international summit, where research on VOC emission inventories, especially on industrial VOCs, has attracted the attention of local residents and management departments. By taking a bottom-up approach, 3 518 enterprises in more than 30 industries in Hangzhou were investigated and an industrial VOCs emission inventory for Hangzhou was established. Based on the data on regional emissions, emissions intensity, and spatial distribution, the industrial VOCs emissions in Hangzhou were systematically analyzed. The VOC emissions from industrial sources in Hangzhou amounted to 36 839.5 tons in 2015. Printing and reproduction of recorded media; chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing; and the metal, textile, rubber, and plastics products industries were the most important sources of industrial VOC emissions in Hangzhou. The largest industrial VOC emissions were measured in Xiaoshan District, followed by Fuyang District and Dajiangdong Industrial Agglomeration Area. The highest VOC emissions intensity was detected in Fuyang District, Jiande City, and Lin'an City. Industrial VOC emissions were mainly concentrated in more intensive industrial areas in Xiaoshan, Fuyang, Yuhang, and Dajiangdong Districts.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Industrial research - Pollution - Rubber applications - Rubber products - Textile industry - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Bottom up approach - Chemical raw materials - Emission intensity - Emission inventories - Emissions intensity - Hangzhou - Industrial sources - Spatial allocation
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 818.5  Rubber Products - 818.6  Rubber Applications - 819.6  Textile Mills, Machinery and Equipment - 901.3  Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing:Mass 7.62e+05kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706062

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 286>

Accession number:20183905856506
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Soil-Rice System in an E-waste Dismantling Area
Authors:Yin, Yi-Meng (1); Zhao, Wei-Tuo (2); Huang, Ting (1); Cheng, Sheng-Gao (1); Zhao, Zhen-Li (1); Yu, Cong-Cong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) The Center of Environmental Engineering and Assessment, No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry, Xianyang; 712000, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wei-Tuo(weituo2006@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:916-926
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study selected Guiyu Town, Guangdong Province as the research area, the content of 15 kinds of metals (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mn, Ni, Sb, Sn, Pb, V, and Zn) in the soil was determined, and the content of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the rice of this research area was identified. Multivariate statistical analysis and a human health risk assessment model were used to investigate the distribution characteristics and health risk of heavy metals in a soil-rice system. The results showed that Hg, Sb, and Sn in the surface soil surrounding the electronic waste dismantling area have obvious accumulation effect. The average content of Cd and Hg exceeds the &#8545; standard limit of the "Environmental Quality Standard for Soil" (GB 156182-1995), and that Guiyu Town is more seriously polluted than Chendian Town and Simapu Town. The multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cu, Sb, Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb, and Hg originated from the surrounding electronic waste dismantling activities, Cd and Be originated from other man-made sources of pollution, and V, Li, Cr, Co, As, and Mn originated from natural sources. Heavy metal evaluation concentration in the soil-rice system by heavy metal migration accumulated in rice are in compliance with national food hygiene standards, and the enrichment ability is Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Ni&gt;As&gt;Cr&gt;Hg&gt;Pb. Soil heavy metal health risk assessment results showed that children are more susceptible to heavy metal pollution, and handling-oral ingestion is the main way of soil exposure risk. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in the soil of each town are acceptable. The health risk in Guiyu Town through ingestion of rice is mainly from the elements that include As, Cr, Cu, and Ni.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Chemical contamination - Electron emission - Electronic equipment - Electronic Waste - Food safety - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Multivariant analysis - Regulatory compliance  - Risk assessment - Soils - Wastes
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution characteristics - Environmental quality standards - Heavy metal evaluations - Heavy metal pollution - Human health risk assessment - Multivariate statistical analysis - Rice - Soil contamination
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 822.3  Food Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922  Statistical Methods
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704122

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 287>

Accession number:20183905856782
Title:Acclimatization and Community Structure Analysis of the Microbial Consortium in Nitrate-Dependent Anaerobic Methane Oxidation
Authors:Xue, Song (1, 2); Zhang, Meng-Zhu (3); Li, Lin (1, 2); Liu, Jun-Xin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material &amp; Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 101408, China; (3) CSD Water Service Company, Beijing; 100192, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Lin(leel@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1357-1364
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Methane oxidation coupled with denitrification is an effective way to reduce the discharge of nitrate and methane. The anaerobic sludge from a laboratory wastewater treatment facility, anaerobic sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, and soil from a landfill were selected as inoculum to enrich the consortium for anaerobic methane oxidation in cooperation with nitrate reduction. The investigation of methane oxidation was carried out in these systems. The results showed that the maximum methane consumption rate of 0.05 mg&bull;d<sup>-1</sup> was obtained when the anaerobic sludge from a wastewater treatment plant served as inoculum. The population of bacteria and archaea were assayed by the clone library method. The Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales were present in methane oxidation as methane oxidizing archea. The Pseudomonas, Clostridia, and Thermomonas were identified as nitrate reducing bacteria in the process of nitrate reduction. Both the methane conversion rate and microbial population varied with the amount of nitrate. The nitrate reduction bacteria were Pseudomonas and Clostridia when the nitrate concentration was 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The Pseudomonas and Thermomonas emerged when the nitrate concentration increased to 500 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the rate of methane conversion was increased by 34.7%. The results provided science evidence for the co-treatment of methane and nitrate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - Bacteria - Blast enrichment - Cloning - Methane - Nitrates - Oxidation - Reclamation - Sewage pumping plants - Wastewater treatment  - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic oxidation of methanes - Anaerobic sludge - Clone library - Microbial community structures - Nitrate reduction
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8.1  Genetic Engineering - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 3.47e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706051

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 288>

Accession number:20183905856763
Title:Experiment to Enhance Catalytic Activity of α-FeOOH in Heterogeneous UV-Fenton System by Addition of Oxalate
Authors:Miao, Xiao-Zeng (1, 2); Dai, Hui-Wang (1, 2); Chen, Jian-Xin (1, 2); Jiang, Bo-Quan (2); Gong, Xian (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330031, China; (2) School of Resources, Environmental &amp; Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330031, China; (3) Nanchang Environmental Monitoring Station, Nanchang; 330038, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Jian-Xin(jxchen@ncu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1202-1211
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:&alpha;-FeOOH was prepared by a symmetrical precipitation method and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET, and EDS techniques. The oxalate enhanced experiment for the catalytic activity of &alpha;-FeOOH during the degradation of Orange &#8545; by the heterogeneous UV-Fenton process was evaluated. The results showed that the rate of Orange &#8545; degradation in this heterogeneous UV-Fenton system could increase significantly with oxalate as an enhancing reagent, with the peak values of enhanced efficiency reaching 116.9% when the concentration of additional oxalate was 0.4 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Under this condition, more than 99% of Orange &#8545; (0.2 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) was degraded in 15 min. However, under the same condition, the inhibition ratios of malonate, acetate, EDTA and citrate were 5.2%, 8.1%, 23.2%, and 25.7%, respectively. Compared with the basic system, the enhanced efficiency of the mineralization rate constant can reach 69.9% when the concentration of additional oxalate was 0.4 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. As a result, the time required for mineralization could be reduced greatly. In the heterogeneous UV-Fenton system, the additional oxalate could provide a new photo-reduction pathway for Fe<sup>3+</sup> to Fe<sup>2+</sup>, enhancing the ratio of the homogeneous UV-Fenton process by increasing the Fe leaching of &alpha;-FeOOH and the concentration of hydroxyl radicals, leading to higher degradation efficiency of Orange &#8545;. As a result, an enhancement effect of 101.5% could be obtained even after three cycles. The iron ions leached from catalysts could be re-adsorbed after treatment, avoiding the loss of active species from catalysts and additional pollution caused by iron ions. The results indicated that additional oxalate was a stable and reliable enhancing reagent on the catalytic activity of &alpha;-FeOOH in the heterogeneous UV-Fenton system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Oxidation
Controlled terms:Catalyst activity - Citrus fruits - Degradation - Efficiency - Image enhancement - Iron - Leaching - Metal ions - Mineralogy - Oxalic acid  - Precipitation (chemical) - Rate constants
Uncontrolled terms:Degradation efficiency - Enhanced efficiency - Enhancement effects - Enhancing reagents - Hydroxyl radicals - Oxalate - Precipitation methods - UV Fenton
Classification code:482  Mineralogy - 531.1  Metallurgy - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 2.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 4.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 1.02e+02%, Percentage 1.17e+02%, Percentage 2.32e+01%, Percentage 2.57e+01%, Percentage 5.20e+00%, Percentage 6.99e+01%, Percentage 8.10e+00%, Percentage 9.90e+01%, Time 9.00e+02s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706089

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 289>

Accession number:20183905856739
Title:Characteristics of Elements in PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> in Road Dust Fall During Spring in Tianjin
Authors:Wang, Shi-Bao (1); Ji, Ya-Qin (1); Li, Shu-Li (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Zhang, Lei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, Ya-Qin(jiyaqin@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:990-996
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore the element pollution characteristics and sources of road dust fall, road dust fall samples were collected during spring in Tianjin and suspended to obtain PM<inf>2.5</inf>and PM<inf>10</inf>, 16 elements were analyzed, and then their characteristics, sources, and similarities were studied by nonparametric tests, the coefficient of divergence, and enrichment factor. The results showed that the mass fraction (1%-20%) in sequential order of the elements in PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf>in Tianjin road dust fall were Si&gt;Al&gt;Ca&gt;Fe&gt;Mg&gt;K&gt;Na. The coefficient of divergence of elements in PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> was 0.06, indicating that the elements profiles of PM<inf>10</inf> might be similar to PM<inf>2.5</inf>. The elements of Cd and Cr in PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were at a high level of enrichment degree, and Zn, Cu, Pb, and As showed significant enrichment. The main sources of the elements in PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> road dust fall in Tianjin were soil dust, construction dust, traffic dust (motor vehicle exhaust, tire wear, and brake wear), and coal combustion.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Coal dust - Meteorology - Roads and streets - Wear of materials
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of divergence - Element characteristics - Enrichment factors - PM10 - PM2.5 - Road dusts
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 503  Mines and Mining, Coal - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00% to 2.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704299

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 290>

Accession number:20183905856425
Title:Concentration and Distribution of Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Human Serum from Three Chinese Cities
Authors:Wang, Qing-Hua (1, 2); Yuan, Hao-Dong (1); Jin, Jun (1, 3); Li, Peng (1); Ma, Yu-Long (1); Wang, Ying (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) State Information Center, Beijing; 100045, China; (3) Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food, Environment and Public Health, Beijing; 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, Jun(junjin3799@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1438-1444
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Four novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), hexabromobenzene (HBB), pentabromotoluen (PBT), pentabromophenyl (PBBz), and tetrabromo-p-xylene (PTBX), were found in human serum samples pooled by donor age (&ge;60, 50-59, 40-49, 30-39, and 20-29 years old) and supplied by Yitong (YT, Jilin Province), Ganzi (GZ, Sichuan Province), and Huaihua (HH, Hunan Province). PBBz, PBT, and HBB were found in each of the pooled samples. The total NBFRs concentration in YT and HH were higher than the concentration found in GZ. The concentrations of total NBFRs, HBB, PBT, and PBBz (except GZ) were elevated in young people. In both YT and HH, the main pollutants were found in the five age groups; however, the main pollutants in GZ were not obvious, and the concentration ratios of four of the NBFRs were basically stable in the five age groups. The distribution of NBFRs in human serum in the three cities showed different trends in the five age groups, which indicated different sources of pollution in different areas. The total concentrations of NBFRs in the industrially developed areas (YT and HH) were higher than that in the less developed areas (GZ).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Flame retardants
Controlled terms:Body fluids - Pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Age groups - Brominated flame retardants - Exposure - Human serum - Level
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.00e+01yr to 2.90e+01yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709038

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 291>

Accession number:20183905856847
Title:Dynamic Replenishment Process of Nutrients in Tributary of Channel Reservoir
Authors:Xu, Ya-Qian (1); Xu, Piao (1); Yang, Zheng-Jian (1); Liu, De-Fu (1); Ma, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Zheng-Jian(656637841@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:765-773
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The process of phytoplankton succession and change in primary productivity are directly determined by the seasonal variations in nutrients in tributary bays of channel reservoirs. This study aimed at analyzing the effects of the main nutrient sources on seasonal distribution of nutrients in Xiangxi Bay based on the field data collected in 2010 and 2011. The tracing inorganic ions were Cl<sup>-</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> that showed significant differences (P&lt;0.01) between the mainstream and the tributary. The nutrient contribution rates of different sources were calculated by the binary linear model. The results showed that the nutrient contribution rate of the mainstream was more than 75% during the dry season and the impoundment period. The intrusion of the mainstream was the main source of nutrients in Xiangxi Bay. The difference in the contribution rates between the mainstream and the upstream decreased during the pre-flood drawdown period and the flood season. The concentration of total phosphorus was higher in the upstream, while the concentration of total nitrogen was higher in the mainstream. The patterns of density currents were different and the nutrient contribution rates of different sources changed accordingly. Therefore, the nutrients of Xiangxi Bay changed regularly in different operation periods of the Three Gorges Reservoir.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Nutrients
Controlled terms:Floods - Phytoplankton - Supply chains
Uncontrolled terms:Channel reservoirs - Contribution ratios - Inorganic ions - Primary productivity - Seasonal distributions - Seasonal variation - Supply amount - Three gorges reservoir
Classification code:471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 912  Industrial Engineering and Management - 913  Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708174

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 292>

Accession number:20183905856757
Title:Community Structure and Influencing Factors of Bacterioplankton in Spring in Zhushan Bay, Lake Taihu
Authors:Xue, Yin-Gang (1, 2); Liu, Fei (1); Sun, Meng (3); Jiang, Xiao-Dong (1); Geng, Jin-Ju (4); Teng, Jia-Quan (2); Xie, Wen-Li (2); Zhang, Hao (2); Chen, Xin-Yi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection of Water Environment Biological Monitoring of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Changzhou; 213001, China; (3) School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha; 410114, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1151-1158
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the characteristics of bacterioplankton in the spring in Zhushan Bay, Lake Taihu, the 16S rRNA gene of the bacterioplankton at four sampling sites in Zhushan Bay was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing using water samples collected from Yapugang, Shatanggang, Zhushanhunan, and Jiaoshan. The results showed that the coverage of the sequencing library was very high and could accurately represent the bacterioplankton community in the samples. The species richness of Jiaoshan was the highest, but the species evenness was lower. Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum in Zhushan Bay. The average abundance of Cyanobacteria was as high as 64.73%, which indicated an outbreak of cyanobacteria bloom in the water. At the genus level, Anabaena, hgcI_clade, CL500-29_marine_group, Microcystis, Synechococcus, and Mycobacterium were predominant. The results of redundancy analysis (RDA) for the relationship between bacterioplankton and environmental factors showed that water temperature, chlorophyll a (Chl-a), ammonia nitrogen(NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N), dissolved oxygen (DO), and phosphate (PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P)were the main environmental factors affecting the bacterioplankton community. Dissolved oxygen could significantly affect Microcystis; nutrient and water temperature also had an effect.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biochemical oxygen demand - Lakes - RNA - Temperature - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterioplanktons - Cyanobacteria - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Lake taihu - Zhushan Bay
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.47e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707164

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 293>

Accession number:20183905856746
Title:Water Quality in the Henan Intake Area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project
Authors:Huang, Piao-Yi (1); Xu, Bin (1); Guo, Dong-Liang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) Henan Urban and Rural Planning and Design General Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou; 450000, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Bin(tjwenwu@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1046-1052
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The molecular weights, as well as the hydrophobicity composition of natural organic matter (NOM) in raw water, were investigated in the Henan intake area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. This study also discusses the formation of carbonaceous disinfection by-products and nitrogenous disinfection by-products during chlorination and chloramination of raw water in this area. Most of the NOM in raw water were small molecules and hydrophobic fractions. The molecular weight fractions of &lt;1&times;10<sup>3</sup> were the most abundant, accounting for 57% of the NOM. The hydrophobic fractions were the most abundant and accounted for 50% of the NOM. Two kinds of C-DBPs (CF and DCBM) and two kinds of N-DBPs (DCAN and TCNM) were mainly produced after chlorination and chloramination, and the formation potential of CF was about 120 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> after chlorination. Results of chloramination showed that the productions of CF and DCBM by this process were about 90% and 84.9% lower than that by chlorination. However, the amount of N-DBPs increased, and among them the amount of DCAN increased by about 2.3 times, but the overall N-DBPs formation potential was still low and less than 6 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The results of this study can provide theoretical and technical support for the process selection and optimization of the waterworks in the Henan intake area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Water distribution systems
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chlorination - Disinfection - Flood control - Hydrophobicity - Molecular weight - Organic compounds - Water pollution control - Water quality  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Disinfection by-product - Dissolved organic matters - Formation potential - Henan intake area - South-to-North water diversion project
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 445.2  Water Analysis - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.20e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.70e+01%, Percentage 8.49e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706116

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 294>

Accession number:20183905856828
Title:Emission Inventory of Anthropogenic VOCs in Jiangmen City
Authors:Chen, Xiao-Fang (1); Zhang, Wei-Xia (1); Chen, Bing-Xu (1); Zhang, Jia-Ni (1); Fan, Li-Ya (1, 2, 3); Ye, Dai-Qi (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Ye, Dai-Qi(cedqye@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:600-607
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Anthropogenic VOC emissions are classified into four sources: industrial, mobile, life, and agricultural. An anthropogenic VOC emission inventory in Jiangmen for 2014 was developed using both "top-down" and "bottom-up" emission factor methods, based on statistical survey data. The results showed that the total anthropogenic VOC emissions in Jiangmen were 75.09 kt. VOC emissions from the industrial, mobile, life, and agricultural sources were 41.37, 19.16, 11.07, and 3.50 kt, respectively, which contributed 55.09%, 25.51%, 14.74%, and 4.65% of the total anthropogenic VOC emissions. Motorcycle manufacturing, container manufacturing, coating, printing ink, manufacturing of paint and similar products, printing and packaging printing, plastics and rubber products, artificial leather manufacturing, leather tanning, burning of fossil fuels, manufacturing of basic chemical raw materials, electronics manufacturing, adhesives manufacturing, and furniture manufacturing are key industries in Jiangmen, each of which emit more than 1 000 t of VOCs annually. The main emission sources in Pengjiang, Jianghai, and Heshan are industrial, which account for more than 50% of emissions in each of these districts, whereas the main emission sources in Enping and Taishan are agricultural. Districts and county-level cities will be able to achieve better emission reduction by using the local VOC inventory in the formulation of VOC emission reduction policies.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Rubber applications
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Emission control - Fossil fuels - Furniture manufacture - Leather - Packaging materials - Plastic adhesives - Rubber products - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural sources - Container manufacturing - Electronics manufacturing - Emission factors - Emission inventories - Furniture manufacturing - Jiangmen City - Leather manufacturing
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 694.2  Packaging Materials - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 814.1  Leather - 817.2  Polymer Applications - 818.5  Rubber Products - 818.6  Rubber Applications - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.55e+01%, Percentage 4.65e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.51e+01%, Percentage 1.47e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708172

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 295>

Accession number:20183905856858
Title:Lab-scale ANAMMOX Process in a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Zhao, Shi-Xun (1); Wang, Jun-An (2); Zhu, Jin-Feng (1); Guan, Hong-Wei (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing Sander Environmental Group, Beijing; 101102, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:859-864
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A lab-scale, completely anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process was operated in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Sewage effluent treated by an A/O process and nitrification process was input as the substance to start up the up-flow ANAMMOX filter reactor. After the 109<sup>th</sup> day, the ammonia removal rate and nitrite removal rate were greater than 90% for 15 successive days and the nitrogen removal rate was higher than 70%. The ANAMMOX filter reactor successfully started up. From days 245 to 333, the reactor was running during the winter. The weight of biomass reached 12.24 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and the average nitrogen removal rate was 54.3%. Backwash was adopted at day 461, and the weight of biomass decreased to 8.01 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. From days 605 to 693, the reactor was running in the winter again. The weight of biomass was 10.41 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and the average nitrogen removal rate was sustained at 69.7%. Compared with the previous winter, the weight of biomass was lighter but the total nitrogen removal loading was 23% greater. For the entire operation, the ANAMMOX rate at high temperature was stable but that at low temperature increased from 1.5 kg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> to 3.6 kg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The results show: Long-term domestication at low temperature was in favor of improving treatment efficiency of ANAMMOX process in cold environment and realized ANAMMOX process operated efficiently in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biomass - Effluents - Filtration - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Sewage - Sewage pumping plants - Temperature - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ANAMMOX - Bio membranes - Filter - Low temperatures - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Nitrogen removal rates - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 5.43e+01%, Percentage 6.97e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706097

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 296>

Accession number:20183905856740
Title:Particle Size Distribution and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Particles from Beijing and Xinxiang During Summer
Authors:Zhang, Xin (1); Zhao, Xiao-Man (1); Meng, Xue-Jie (1); Wang, Xiao-Ying (1); Yang, Shuai (1); Xu, Xiao-Peng (1); Wang, Shu-Ting (1); Gu, Chao (1); Wang, Meng-Lei (1); Ren, Hao (1); Zhang, Zi-Yang (1); Yan, Guang-Xuan (1); Cao, Zhi-Guo (1, 2); Wang, Yue-Si (3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China; (4) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Cao, Zhi-Guo(wq11ab@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:3
Issue date:March 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:997-1003
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Under a condition of good air quality (AQI: 55-90, PM<inf>10</inf>: 37-97 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>: 17-76 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>), six groups of 54 samples were collected using an Andersen cascade impactor from both the indoor and outdoor stations in Beijing and Xinxiang from June to August in 2016. The samples were digested by microwave digestion, and nine heavy metal elements (Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Mn, and Co) in the atmospheric particles were determined with an inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results showed that the enrichment index (0-3) of most elements were low in both cities except for Cd [15.0 (Beijing) and 8.47 (Xinxiang)]. Cr, Co, Cu, and Mn in the atmospheric particles from Beijing park, Cd, Pb, and Mn in the atmospheric particles from the Beijing office, Cr, Co, Ni, and As in the atmospheric particles from Xinxiang park, and all nine heavy metal elements in the atmospheric particles from roads in both cities were found to be more concentrated in the coarse fractions; however, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, and As in the atmospheric particles from Beijing park, Co, Zn, Ni, Cr, As, and Cu in the atmospheric particles from the Beijing office, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Mn in the atmospheric particles from Xinxiang park, and all nine metal elements in the atmospheric particles from the Beijing office showed the opposite pattern. The result of a human health risk assessment indicated that the carcinogenic risk of the five carcinogenic elements were all less than 10<sup>-4</sup>, but a lower potential cancer risk would also occur under long term exposure. For the four non-carcinogenic elements (Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cu), the non-carcinogenic health risk values of Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cu in the atmospheric particulates in Beijing were all far less than 1, which means the corresponding non-carcinogenic risk was negligible; and, except for Mn, there was no obvious non-carcinogenic risk from Pb, Zn, and Cu in the atmospheric particles of Xinxiang.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Air quality - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma - Mass spectrometers - Meteorological instruments - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Particles (particulate matter)  - Size distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric particles - Atmospheric particulate - Carcinogenic risk - Cascade impactors - Heavy metal elements - Human health risk assessment - Long term exposure - Microwave digestion
Classification code:443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 932.3  Plasma Physics - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705137

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 297>

Accession number:20183905856825
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Atmospheric VOCs in Chengdu
Authors:Li, You-Ping (1); Tang, Ya (1); Fan, Zhong-Yu (1); Pu, Min (1); Zhang, Jin-Lian (1); Yang, Zheng-Zheng (1); Wu, Da-Lei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong; 637009, China; (2) Center for Environmental Economics and Policy Research, Guangdong Academy of Social Science, Guangzhou; 510610, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:576-584
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in atmospheric samples collected from urban and roadside atmospheric environments in Chengdu in September 2012. The composition, chemical reactivity, and concentration level and its variation characteristics of VOCs were studied, and the health risk of aromatic compounds was assessed. Results showed that the mean mass concentrations of total VOCs (TVOCs) were (108.57&plusmn;52.43) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (132.61&plusmn;49.31) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> for the urban and roadside atmospheric environments, respectively. The highest mass concentrations were observed for alkanes, followed by aromatics, alkenes, and alkynes. Aromatics and alkenes contributed more to ozone formation potential (OFP) of the urban and roadside atmospheric environments, and m/p-xylene, toluene, ethene, o-xylene, and propene were the key reactive species. The values of hazard quotient and hazard index were less than 1 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene (BTEX), showing that they had no appreciable risk of non-cancer health effects on the exposed population. However, the value of cancer risk was above the safety threshold for benzene, showing that it was a potential cancer risk to the exposed population.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Aromatization - Atmospheric chemistry - Benzene - Diseases - Ethylene - Hazards - Ozone - Risk assessment - Roadsides  - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds - Xylene
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric environment - Atmospheric samples - Chengdu - Concentration levels - Mass concentration - Ozone formation potentials - Reactive species - Variation characteristics
Classification code:406  Highway Engineering - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201701057

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 298>

Accession number:20183905856823
Title:Stench Sources and Impact Analysis in Automobile Making
Authors:Shi, Tian-Li (1); Zhang, Wei-Xia (1); Chen, Xiao-Fang (1); Zhang, Jia-Ni (1); Liang, Xiao-Ming (1); Fan, Li-Ya (1, 2, 3, 4); Ye, Dai-Qi (1, 2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (4) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Risk Control and Emergency Disposal Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Fan, Li-Ya(fanly@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:557-566
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important source of industrial stench. This study was aimed at sampling and analyzing the stench source and its impact on the sensitive spot residential areas, concentrating on certain automobile manufacturing enterprise. The odor concentration and VOCs species of each vent stack, plant boundary, and sensitive spot in the enterprise were determined for November 15 and 17, 2016 via qualitative and quantitative analysis using the triangle odor bag method and gas pre-concentration system-gas chromatography-mass spectra. The results show that the odor concentrations of all vent stacks in the original equipment manufacturing plant and the engine plant were below the criterion level, those of the plant boundaries in the engine plant were below the limits, and those of the plant boundaries and sensitive spots in the original equipment manufacturing plant exceeded the allowed standards. A total of 54 VOCs species were identified, including aromatics, halogenated compounds, alkanes, alkene, cycloalkanes, ketones, esters, ethers, alcohols, sulfur compounds, and oxygen ring compounds. Halogenated compounds were the most abundant VOCs species, followed by aromatics. As a result, aromatics and halogenated compounds are the representative odorants in automobile making. 1,3-Butadiene and ethyl toluene were selected to be the typical odorants of sensitive spots according to mass concentration, detector odor threshold, and threshold dilution multiples of characteristic VOCs species in sensitive spots. The results show that the majority of characteristic VOCs species were from paint composition through the qualitative analysis based on paint used in coating shops. 1,3-Butadiene, which contributed the most to odor pollution, excluding the impact of other emission sources on sensitive spots, originates from spraying and drying processes of coating shops in the original equipment manufacturer. It is recommended that the enterprise should adopt environmentally friendly paints with low VOCs components or RTO purification equipment with higher processing efficiency to reduce the impact of stench on the sensitive residential areas from automobile making.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Sulfur compounds
Controlled terms:Aromatization - Automobile manufacture - Automobiles - Engines - Gas chromatography - Halogenation - Housing - Ketones - Mass spectrometry - Odors  - Paint - Purification - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Automobile manufacturing enterprise - Industrial stench - Odor concentrations - Original equipment manufacturers - Original equipment manufacturing - Qualitative and quantitative analysis - Sensitive point - Threshold dilution multiples
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 662.1  Automobiles - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.2  Coating Materials
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705224

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 299>

Accession number:20183905856818
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of VOCs of a Petrochemical Industrial Park During Autumn in China
Authors:Hu, Tian-Peng (1, 2); Li, Gang (3); Mao, Yao (1); Zheng, Huang (1); Qin, Shi-Bin (1); Min, Yang (1); Zhang, Jia-Quan (2); Xing, Xin-Li (1); Qi, Shi-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi; 435003, China; (3) Karamay Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Karamay; 834000, China 
Corresponding author:Xing, Xin-Li(xingxinli5300225@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:517-524
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An online continuous monitoring system was used to determine the volatile organic carbons (VOCs) in the ambient air of a typical petrochemical industrial park in autumn (Sep., Oct., Nov.) of 2014. The composition, photochemical reactivity, temporal variation, and source of VOCs were analyzed. The results indicated that the mixing ratio of VOCs in autumnal ambient air of the study area was higher than those of other cities and industrial areas. Alkanes were the most abundant group in the VOC mixing ratio, and no significant temporal difference was observed among the three months studied. However, the alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics presented obvious diurnal variation, with single peak and trough values, while the acetylene exhibited "W"-shaped variation, with two minimum and one maximum values. Source apportionment using positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated that the sources of VOCs in the study area of natural gas transportation and solvents, such as from leakage or volatile oil refinery processing, followed by other traffic sources and asphalt have some contribution. Alkenes and alkanes were the dominant groups of the source apportionment composition, as expressed by the propylene-equivalent (Propy-Equiv) and maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) methods, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Natural gas transportation
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Factorization - Mixing - Monitoring - Paraffins - Petrochemicals - Petroleum transportation - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Maximum incremental reactivities - Online continuous monitoring - Photochemical reactivity - Positive Matrix Factorization - Source apportionment - Temporal differences - Variation trend - Volatile organic carbons
Classification code:522  Gas Fuels - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704085

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 300>

Accession number:20183905856836
Title:Health Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds for Different Commuting Modes
Authors:Tong, Rui-Peng (1); Zhang, Lei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources &amp; Safety Engineering, China University of Mining &amp; Technology (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:2
Issue date:February 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:663-671
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to overcome the shortcomings of a single commuting mode, eight VOCs including benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein were studied in five commuting modes in Guangzhou. Applying the Monte Carlo simulation method, we assessed the health risk of these VOCs in five commuting modes, cars, air-conditioned buses, non-air-conditioned buses, subways, and bicycles, and analyzed the sensitivity of each exposure parameter. We used Crystal Ball 11.1 with 10 000 iterations of independent runs and 95% confidence interval. The results show that the commuters of air-conditioned buses and cars are subjected to a higher cancer risk, following the t-distribution and lognormal distribution with 1.65&times;10<sup>-5</sup>&plusmn;5.74&times;10<sup>-9</sup> and 5.01&times;10<sup>-6</sup>&plusmn;3.56&times;10<sup>-11</sup>, with the probability of exceeding 10<sup>-6</sup> of 97% and 74.85%, respectively. The cancer risks of bicycles, non-air-conditioned buses, and subways are smaller, but their averages are higher than 10<sup>-6</sup>. The commuters of cars and air-conditioned buses were subjected to a larger non-cancer risk, following the lognormal distribution of 2.51&plusmn;2.74 and 1.20&plusmn;1.36; the contributions of acrolein are above 80%. The non-cancer risk of bicycles is the smallest and will not be a threat to human health. Sensitivity analysis shows that the sensitivities of ET, CA, ED, IR, and EF are larger, with the values of 55.5%, 32%, 10.5%, 1.1%, 0.2%, respectively, and BW has negative sensitivity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Air conditioning - Aldehydes - Bicycles - Buses - Codes (symbols) - Diseases - Herbicides - Intelligent systems - Monte Carlo methods - Probability distributions  - Railroads - Risk assessment - Sensitivity analysis - Sporting goods - Styrene - Subways - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Commuting modes - Confidence interval - Exposure parameters - Log-normal distribution - Monte Carlo simulation methods - Non-cancer risks - T distribution - Transport microenvironment
Classification code:432.2  Passenger Highway Transportation - 433.2  Passenger Railroad Transportation - 461.7  Health Care - 643.3  Air Conditioning - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 723.2  Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.4  Artificial Intelligence - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 922.1  Probability Theory - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 1.10e+00%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%, Percentage 5.55e+01%, Percentage 7.48e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709077

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 301>

Accession number:20184205948052
Title:Estimation of Fine Particle (PM<inf>2.5</inf>) Emission Inventory from Cooking: Case Study for Shanghai
Authors:Wang, Hong-Li (1); Jing, Sheng-Ao (1); Lou, Sheng-Rong (1); Tao, Shi-Kang (1); Qiao, Li-Ping (1); Li, Li (1); Huang, Cheng (1); Lin, Li (1); Chen, Chang-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Corresponding author:Jing, Sheng-Ao(jingsa@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:1971-1977
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Cooking is one of important emission sources of fine particles (PM<inf>2.5</inf>). This study using the catering enterprises of Shanghai as an example, presents a method to estimate the PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission inventory from cooking according to the number of stoves, cooking time, and number of customers. Based on in situ measurements, the concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>emissions ranged from 0.1 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> to 1.8 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, which exceeded the limit (1.0 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>for lampblack) in the national standard. Organic carbon dominated the PM<inf>2.5</inf> emitted from cooking, accounting for more than 50%. Extremely high ratios of organic carbon to elemental carbon were observed, ranging from 58.8 to 752.3, which could be used as an indicator of cooking emissions. The emission factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the catering industry are closely related to the scale of the catering enterprises. The emission factors of large-and medium-sized enterprises are obviously higher than those of small and micro enterprises. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions of catering enterprises are mainly attributed to high emission loads of large enterprises and those for a large number of small and medium enterprises. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission inventory of cooking in Shanghai was calculated according to the three emission factors above, and the results were very close. Therefore, the method for estimating the PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission inventory for cooking presented in this study is helpful for other Chinese cities to calculate their PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission inventory from cooking.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Organic carbon
Uncontrolled terms:Catering industries - Emission calculation - Emission factors - PM2.5 - Shanghai
Classification code:804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708228

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 302>

Accession number:20184205947376
Title:Thermal Stratification and Its Impacts on Water Quality in Shahe Reservoir, Liyang, China
Authors:Sun, Xiang (1, 2); Zhu, Guang-Wei (1); Da, Wen-Yi (3); Yu, Mao-Lei (3); Yang, Wen-Bin (2); Zhu, Meng-Yuan (1); Xu, Hai (1); Guo, Chao-Xuan (1); Yu, Li (1); Li, Heng-Peng (1); Li, Hui-Yun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Science, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241003, China; (3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong; 637009, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Guang-Wei(gwzhu@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2632-2640
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the one-year hourly water temperature profiles and the associated environmental drivers during the past eight years in Shahe Reservoir, Jiangsu Province, China from 2009 to 2016, the factors underlying the seasonal variation of thermal stratification and water quality response were investigated. It was shown that the thermal stratification was a typical subtropical one-cycle mixing model, lasting from May to September. The thermal stratification appeared and disappeared when the surface water temperature was 21&#8451; in the late spring and 19 &#8451; in the middle of autumn. The difference between the water temperature at the epilimnion and hypolimnion increased with increasing solar radiation. When the air temperature was above 30&#8451;, the stability of the thermal stratification increased. Heavy storms reduced the temperature of the surface water and weakened the temperature stratification of the column above a 5 m depth but had limited impact on the stratification of the hypolimnion deeper than 5 m. The thermal stratification greatly impacted the water quality of the lake. Hypoxia in the bottom water occurred by thermal stratification, leading to increased NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N. The concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, and suspended solids in the hypolimnion increased after the disappearance of thermal stratification. Our results indicated that the thermal stratification was mainly controlled by solar radiation and the thermal stratification favored the growth of cyanobacteria and led to the release of nutrients from the sediment, threatening the water quality. Attention should be paid to thermal stratification to prevent algal blooms and related water quality deterioration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Deterioration - Dissolved oxygen - Eutrophication - Phytoplankton - River pollution - Solar radiation - Surface waters - Temperature - Thermal stratification  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Extreme weather events - Seasonal variation - Surface water temperature - Temperature stratification - Tropical reservoirs - Water quality deterioration - Water quality response - Water temperatures
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 657.1  Solar Energy and Phenomena - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 5.00e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710223

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 303>

Accession number:20184205948100
Title:Effect of Biochar Amendment on Physicochemical Properties and Fungal Community Structures of Cinnamon Soil
Authors:Yan, Hai-Tao (1); Yin, Quan-Yu (1); Ding, Song-Shuang (1); Ren, Tian-Bao (1); Xu, Jia-Lai (2); Zong, Hao (3); Gao, Qiang (3); Liu, Guo-Shun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (2) Tobacco Research Institute of Shandong, Ji'nan; 250098, China; (3) Linyi Tobacco Monopoly Administration, Linyi; 276001, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Guo-Shun(liugsh1851@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2412-2419
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To identify the effect of biochar addition on soil abiotic and biotic properties and provide evidence for the soil improvement with biochar input, the soil physiochemical properties and fungal community were investigated in a cinnamon soil after 3-year biochar additions of 10, 20, and 40 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>. The relationship between the fungal community and edaphic physicochemical characteristics was also analyzed. The results showed that soil pH, moisture, total nitrogen (TN), and total organic carbon (TOC) significantly increased but dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content and soil bulk density decreased with biochar addition. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that biochar amendment had little influence on fungal &alpha; diversity but significantly changed the fungal community structure. The taxonomic classification showed that the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota, and these phyla accounted for more than 90% of the total sequences. The relative abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota increased, while the abundance of Zygomycota decreased with biochar addition. At the genus level, biochar addition increased the relative abundances of Alternaria, Conocybe, and Aspergillus but decreased the relative abundances of Actinomucor and Gibberella. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil DOC, pH, and moisture were key environmental factors leading to the shift in the soil fungal community composition. In summary, the application of biochar changed the soil physicochemical properties, which drove the ecological succession of soil fungal communities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Fungi
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Moisture - Organic carbon - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Cinnamon soil - Fungal community - Illumina - Physicochemical property
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.00e+00yr, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711114

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 304>

Accession number:20184205947830
Title:Investigation of the Coupling Mechanism Between Naphthalene Degradation and Denitrification of a Naphthalene Degraded Bacterial Consortium Under Denitrification
Authors:Zhang, Ze-Yu (1); Wang, Ming-Xia (1); Cheng, Yong-Yi (1); Zhou, Zhi-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Zhi-Feng(zhouzhf@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2438-2445
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the coupling mechanism between naphthalene degradation and denitrification using a liquid media containing naphthalene (sole carbon source) and nitrate, a naphthalene degradation bacterial consortium under denitrification was enriched from a soil with potential risk of PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) contamination. The bacterial community composition of the enriched consortium was analyzed by Illumina MiSeq Sequencing. Subsquently, the enriched consortium was cultured under anaerobic conditions for 9 days, and the concentrations of electron acceptors (nitrate and nitrite) for denitrification, gaseous reduction products (N<inf>2</inf>O and N<inf>2</inf>) involved in denitrification, and abundances of denitrification concerned genes (narG: periplasmic nitrate reeducates gene; nirS: cd<inf>1</inf>-nitrite reductase gene) were detected at days 1, 3, 7, and 9. The result of Illumina MiSeq Sequencing showed that Pseudomonas (Proteobacteria) was the most dominant genus in this enriched consortium. Under anaerobic conditions, the naphthalene removal rate of this enriched consortium was 49.11% within 9 days. Relative higher naphthalene degradation rates were found both at the beginning (day 1-3) and the end (day 7-9) of incubation, and these were significantly higher than at the middle (day 3-7) of the incubation stage (P&lt;0.05). The concentration of nitrate decreased during the whole culture period, while the concentration of nitrite increased during the initial incubation (day 1-3) and rapidly decreased from day 3 to 9. Furthermore, obvious productions of N<inf>2</inf>O [3.39 &mu;g&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>] and N<inf>2</inf> [8.97 &mu;g&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>] were only measured at the end of incubation (day 7-9). The abundances of both narG and nirS increased during the incubation, indicating the continuous growth of denitrifiers in the enriched consortium during the incubation period. In summary, this study illustrated that both the nitrate reducing stage and gas producing steps of denitrification could be coupled with anaerobic naphthalene degradation, which might be helpful for a deeper investigation regarding the coupling mechanism between denitrification and anaerobic PAH degradation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Naphthalene
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Degradation - Denitrification - Genes - Nitrates - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic conditions - Anaerobic degradation - Bacterial community composition - Bacterial consortium - Coupling mechanism - Incubation periods - Naphthalene removal - Nitrite reductase genes
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.47e-02yr, Percentage 4.91e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 305>

Accession number:20184205948065
Title:Water Chemistry and Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Carbon During the Wet Season in Wulixia Reservoir, SW China
Authors:Lu, Xiao-Xuan (1, 2); Li, Qiang (1, 3); Jin, Zhen-Jiang (4); Peng, Wen-Jie (1, 4); Fang, Jun-Jia (1, 2); Huang, Bing-Hui (1, 4); Song, Ang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (3) International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin; 541004, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541006, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Qiang(glqiangli@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2075-2085
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, scientists have focused on the karst carbon cycle. To better understand the hydrochemical characteristics and the physical-chemical properties of DOC in the wet season in karst areas, the water chemistry and DOC distribution characteristics in Wulixia reservoir were analyzed. The molecular weight of the water organic matter was analyzed based on the UV absorption spectrum. The results showed that the water chemistry of Wulixia reservoir was HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca&bull;Mg, the nutrient status of the water body was of the medium nutrient type, and the water maintained a good quality. The DOC mass concentration was lower in the wet season than in the dry season, and DOC was the main component of TOC. The DOC mass concentration tended to decrease from the surface to the bottom in a vertical direction. Chl-a and DIC were the main factors affecting the DOC vertical distribution. The organic matter in the reservoir area related to the absorption spectrum parameters of S<inf>275~295</inf>, M, SUVA<inf>254</inf>, and E<inf>253</inf>/E<inf>203</inf> showed that the water was dominated by constituents with small molecular weight, a high proportion of fulvic acid, low proportion of humic acid, and weak aroma. The results showed that the organic matter in the reservoir area was readily consumed by microbial bioactivity and that it played an active role in the carbon cycle of the reservoir. It also showed that the DOC endogenous characteristics of the reservoir were strong and provided a sufficient carbon source for heterotrophic microbes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:54
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Absorption spectra - Absorption spectroscopy - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical analysis - Chemical properties - Hydrochemistry - Landforms - Molecular weight - Nutrients  - Organic acids - Organic carbon - Water absorption
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic carbon - Distribution characteristics - Hydrochemical characteristics - Karst areas - Karst hydrochemistry characteristics - Physical chemical property - UV absorption spectrum - Vertical distributions
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.1  Geology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 711.2  Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708032

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 306>

Accession number:20184205948062
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Baiyangdian Lake
Authors:Gao, Qiu-Sheng (1, 2, 3); Zhao, Yong-Hui (4); Jiao, Li-Xin (1, 2); Tian, Zi-Qiang (1); Yang, Liu (3); Yang, Su-Wen (1, 2); Cui, Zhi-Dan (1, 2); Hao, Zi-Feng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Henan Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Zhengzhou; 450000, China 
Corresponding author:Jiao, Li-Xin(287559418@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2048-2055
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to survey the present pollution from volatile organic compounds in Baiyangdian Lake, 15 water samples were collected in March 2016, and analyzed for 54 VOCs by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The distribution characteristics and health risk assessments were investigated, and the pollution from the VOCs was evaluated by a comprehensive pollution index. The survey showed that: &#9312; a total of 14 VOCs were detected in Baiyangdian water, with a 100% detection rate for dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene; xylene had the highest concentration with an average concentration of 564.9 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; and trichloroethylene had the lowest concentration with an average concentration of 3.3 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and a detection rate of only 13.3%; &#9313; the total concentration of VOCs in Baiyangdian water was between 423.0 and 4 207.8 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and benzene was the main pollutant, with its main source coming from the effluent from the upstream sewage treatment plant, the industrial wastewater, and the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles in the city; and &#9314;the health risk assessment showed that VOCs in Baiyangdian Lake did not produce carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to humans, and the VOC comprehensive pollution index shows that the VOCs in the Baiyangdian Lake were at a clean level.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Benzene - Dichloromethane - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Gas chromatography - Health - Health risks - Industrial emissions - Industrial water treatment - Lake pollution  - Lakes - Mass spectrometry - River pollution - Sewage treatment plants - Surveys - Volatile organic compounds - Wastewater treatment - Xylene
Uncontrolled terms:1 ,3 ,5-Trimethylbenzene - Average concentration - Baiyangdian lakes - Carcinogenic risk - Distribution characteristics - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - Industrial wastewaters - Pollution index
Classification code:445.1.2  Water Treatment Techniques for Industrial Use - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.08e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.30e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710232

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 307>

Accession number:20184205947396
Title:Microbial Population Dynamics During Domestication and Cultivation of Biofilm to Remove and Enrich Phosphate
Authors:Meng, Xuan (1, 2); Pan, Yang (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Hao (1, 2); Liao, Xuan-Hong (1, 2); Xu, Lin-Jian (1, 2); Feng, Xin (1, 2); Shan, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Environment Biotechnology Research Institute, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Pan, Yang(panyang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2802-2809
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The purpose of this study was to develop a method to remove and recover high concentration phosphate solutions from wastewater. An experiment was carried out to cultivate and enrich phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the biofilm with nylon as the biological carrier using artificial water distribution. Microflora morphology, species diversity, and the genetic relationship of biofilm during the process of biofilm domestication were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. In addition, the feasibility of recycling a high concentration of phosphate in the conventional biofilm within a short time was validated. The membrane was hung in the biological carrier when the reactor was operated for 10 d. After the hanging of the film succeeded, the effluent COD was below 50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the effluent phosphorus was close to zero, and the removal efficiency of phosphorus reached to above 95%. The operation was stable at this level for 40 d. The results from the SEM indicated that the microbial morphology in the biofilm was uniform with full oval-shaped spheres with a clear profile. MiSeq high-throughput sequencing indicated that the dominant phylum in the reactor included Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Ignavibacteriae, and Nitrospirae. Proteobacteria, as the dominant genera, increased from 47% to 58%. Rhodocyclaceae, as the dominant phosphorus accumulating bacteria, increased from 17.9% to 28.9%. During the recovery period, the concentration of the phosphorus solution increased from 40mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 82 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> by increasing the influent phosphate concentration and the COD concentration in the anaerobic phase, meeting the requirement of phosphorus recovery with the struvite method.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Biofilms - Effluents - Phosphorus - Recovery - Scanning electron microscopy - Throughput - Water supply systems
Uncontrolled terms:Genetic relationships - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial population dynamics - Phosphate concentration - Phosphorus accumulating - Phosphorus accumulating organisms - Phosphorus recovery - Removal efficiencies
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 4.00e-02kg/m3 to 8.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.79e+01% to 2.89e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+01% to 5.80e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710048

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 308>

Accession number:20184205948099
Title:Diversity of the Microbial Community in Rice Paddy Soil with Biogas Slurry Irrigation Analyzed by Illumina Sequencing Technology
Authors:Zhu, Jin-Shan (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Hui (3); Ma, Lian-Jie (3); Liao, Dun-Xiu (3); Yang, Xing-Yong (4); Wang, Long-Chang (5); Wang, Ding-Yong (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Environmental Monitoring, Hazard Prevention of Three Gorges Reservoir, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing; 408100, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Development in Wuling Mountain Areas, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing; 408100, China; (3) Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing; 401329, China; (4) School of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing; 401331, China; (5) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Liao, Dun-Xiu(xiuchai2006@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2400-2411
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the variation in soil microbial community diversity in paddy fields with different irrigation periods, we collected in situ rice field soils during different biogas irrigation periods and analyzed the microbial community structures of these soils by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that as the biogas irrigation period increased, the soil pH decreased gradually, while organic matter, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate, and other nutrients were accumulated. Years of continued biogas irrigation was not conducive to improving rice yields. The results showed that as the biogas irrigation period increased, the richness in microbial species in paddy soils decreased gradually, and the diversity in the microbial communities was also reduced. Proteobacteria accounts for the largest proportion in rice paddy soil with biogas slurry irrigation. With the increase of biogas irrigation years, the proportion of &beta;-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidales, Burkholderiales, Bacteroides, and Thiobacillus increased, while the proportion of Gemmatimonadetes and &alpha;-Proteobacteria decreased gradually. Dissolved organic carbon(F=2.67, P=0.09)had the greatest effect on microbial community structures in the studied paddy soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Biogas - Irrigation - Microorganisms - Organic carbon
Uncontrolled terms:Biogas slurry - Dissolved organic carbon - Diversity - High-throughput sequencing - Illumina - Microbial community structures - Rice paddy - Soil microbial community
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 522  Gas Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708085

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 309>

Accession number:20184205947832
Title:Effects of Agricultural Activities on Soil Mercury Changes in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Chen, Qiu-Yu (1); Sun, Song (1); Yin, De-Liang (1); Wang, Yong-Min (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Cheng (1, 2, 3); Wang, Ding-Yong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservior Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ding-Yong(dywang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2456-2463
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Farming in the water-level-fluctuating zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges reservoir, China, may result in a wide range of environment problems when the sediment is exposed to air. In this study, Qukou, Chongqing, was selected as the research site due to its large WLFZ area and significant agricultural activities. Four kinds of land use types, including rice, maize, vegetables, and grassland, were selected to investigate the distribution of mercury (Hg) in the surface soil. The results showed that the mean concentrations of soil total Hg (THg), bioavailable Hg (Hg-wh), and methylmercury (MeHg) in the surface soil were 25.80-68.74 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, 0.44-0.88 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and 0.08-0.85 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The concentrations of THg, Hg-wh, and MeHg in non-cultivated soil were higher than those in cultivated soil, indicating that farming disturbances could accelerate soil Hg loss. The MeHg concentrations in both non-cultivated and cultivated soil increased up to the maximum value 1-2 months after drying, and then gradually decreased to a relatively stable level. The peak value was approximately four times higher than that at the end of flooding. The percentage of MeHg to THg (%MeHg) was similar to the distribution of soil MeHg, and the peak value occurred at 1 month after drying. However, when %MeHg decreased to the stable level, no significant difference was found compared to the value at the end of flooding (P&gt;0.05). Furthermore, the soil %MeHg had a significantly positive correlation with Hg-wh (r=0.642, P&lt;0.01), while there was no significant correlation with THg (P&gt;0.05), suggesting that Hg methylation was mainly affected by the bioavailability of Hg in the seasonally inundated soil of the WLFZ.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Alkylation - Biochemistry - Floods - Land use - Mercury (metal) - Mercury compounds - Reservoirs (water) - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural activities - Change regulation - Distribution characteristics - Mean concentrations - Positive correlations - Three gorges reservoir - Three gorges reservoir area - Tillage disturbance
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 441.2  Reservoirs - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.33e-02yr to 1.67e-01yr, Age 8.33e-02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709235

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 310>

Accession number:20184205947409
Title:Concentrations and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metal Contents in Soil and Rice of Mine Contaminated Areas
Authors:Tian, Mei-Ling (1); Zhong, Xue-Mei (2); Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Yu, Yuan-Yuan (1); Pang, Rui (1); Zhou, Lang (1); Song, Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) College of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Bo(songbo@glut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2919-2926
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nandan County is famous for its mining of nonferrous metals. In order to investigate the effects of mining activities on the soil and rice and to evaluate the health risk of the exposure of typical local inhabitants to heavy metals via consumption of rice, a consecutive 3-day household diet survey in four villages in Nandan was conducted. Liuzhai is an uncontaminated contrast area, and Chehe, Dachang, and Zhanglao are contaminated areas. The data for rice consumption rates were obtained. At the same time, 56 soil samples from rice fields and 90 rice samples were collected for the analysis of As, Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. In addition, the potential health risk of the exposure of local people to heavy metals via consumption of the rice was assessed using the pollution index method and the data from the intake of heavy metals. Results showed that the mean contents of As, Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were 58.1, 16.4, 1.22, 49.1, 52.1, and 271 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> in the soil samples from contaminated areas, with higher pollution risks than from the control area for soil heavy metal contents. The Nemero comprehensive contamination index (P<inf>N</inf>) was 3.14, a heavy pollution grade. Cd contents in rice in Liuzhai, Chehe, Dachang, and Zhanglao were 2.23 times, 4.40 times, 3.81 times, and 3.52 times higher than those of GB 2762-2017.The content in rice exceeds the standard in all four areas. The daily intake (DI) of Cd in the four areas was higher than the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) established by FAO/WHO. This indicates that Cd and As are the major heavy metal elements posing health risks to the health of the inhabitants in the mining areas and that the inhabitants in the mining areas are facing severe risks of exposure to heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Chemical contamination - Contamination - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Risk assessment - Soil pollution control - Soil surveys - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Contaminated areas - Contamination index - Heavy metal contents - Heavy metal elements - Nandan County - Potential health risks - Rice - Tolerable daily intake
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 822.3  Food Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.22e-03yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711068

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 311>

Accession number:20184205947369
Title:Emission Reduction Benefits When Eliminating Yellow-label Vehicles in the Jing-jin-ji Region
Authors:Lu, Ya-Ling (1, 2); Zhou, Jia (3); Cheng, Xi (1); Zhang, Wei (1, 3); Jiang, Hong-Qiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environment Planning, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300072, China; (3) School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Hong-Qiang(jianghq@caep.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2566-2575
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate policy implementation for yellow-label vehicles (namely, those that fail to meet the Chinese No.1 standard for exhaust emissions), and to compare the policy of an early elimination subsidy with traffic restrictions of these vehicles, the emission factor method was adopted to calculate the emission reduction resulting from the two policies in the Jing-jin-ji Region. The results showed that: &#9312; The policies led to good emission reductions for the Jing-jin-ji Region. Since the implementation of the policies, the cumulative reductions of CO, HC, NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and PM<inf>10</inf> have been 5 003.2 kt, 397.9 kt, 318.2 kt, 9.6 kt, and 10.6 kt, respectively. &#9313; The pollutants reduced most prominently were CO, HC, and NO<inf>x</inf>, which contributed greatly to the emission reductions and air pollution control. &#9314; The main motorcycle types for the CO and HC emission reductions were small gasoline-powered passenger vehicles and light duty gasoline-powered vehicles. Heavy duty diesel cars contributed the most to the emission reduction of NO<inf>x</inf> and particulate matters. &#9315; The emission reductions for CO, HC, and NO<inf>x</inf> were greater in densely populated urban areas in the Jing-jin-ji Region. The emission reductions of CO and HC in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang were more obvious than in other cities, and the emission reductions of NO<inf>x</inf> and particulate matters were more obvious in Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, and Handan. &#9316; Comparing the two policies of an early elimination subsidy and traffic restriction, the emission reduction of the former policy is continuous for a few years, and the effectiveness of reduction is significant in several years. However, the effectiveness of the latter policy decreases with time.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Particulate emissions
Controlled terms:Emission control - Gasoline - Nitrogen oxides - Particles (particulate matter) - Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms:Emission reduction - Exhaust emission - Heavy-duty diesel - Jing-jin-ji Region - Particulate Matter - Passenger vehicles - Policy implementations - Traffic restrictions
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 523  Liquid Fuels - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709207

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 312>

Accession number:20184205947411
Title:Accumulation Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Greenhouse Soil and Vegetables in Siping City, Jilin Province
Authors:Li, Lian-Fang (1); Zhu, Chang-Xiong (1); Zeng, Xi-Bai (1); Li, Hong-Na (1); Ye, Jing (1); Li, Feng (1); Wu, Cui-Xia (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2936-2943
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the typical greenhouse vegetable production system in Siping City, Jilin Province, 124 soil samples were collected from greenhouse soils growing vegetables (GSGV), fields growing maize (FGM), and forest soil (FS) under different land utilization patterns. In addition, other samples including greenhouse vegetables (81), fertilizers (50), and irrigation water (10) were also collected in the studied region. To illustrate the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in GSGV and greenhouse vegetables, the heavy metal content of different samples was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technology. The results indicated that the heavy metal content in GSGV was much higher than that in FGM and FS except for lead (Pb). Heavy metals including cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in GSGV presented with various degrees of accumulation. The mean value of Cd content in the soils in the investigation region was 0.45 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, with about 42.8% of all the soil samples exceeding the Cd content criterion of the Environmental Quality Evaluation Standard for Farmland in Greenhouse Vegetable Production (HJ 333-2006). The content of the other heavy metals was in the normal range, and all met the regulations of the standard. In comparison with different vegetable categories, leafy vegetables showed much higher heavy metal concentrations (Cd 0.033 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> fresh weight) than did fruity ones. In total, about 2.5% and 1.2% of vegetable samples exceeded the regulated values of Cd and Pb recommended by the Standard of Food limits, respectively. With the cultivation time prolonged, heavy metal concentration in soils and vegetables all increased synchronously as the pH value decreased. The content of heavy metals in greenhouse vegetables was significantly influenced by soil pH and organic matter. It can be concluded that the health risk of greenhouse vegetables increased with GSGV accumulating more heavy metals due to the substantial application of chemical fertilizer and manure containing high level of heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Cultivation - Fertilizers - Greenhouses - Health risks - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Irrigation - Lead compounds - Manures  - Soil surveys - Soils - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Accumulation characteristics - Chemical fertilizers - Environmental quality - Greenhouse soil - Greenhouse vegetables - Heavy metal concentration - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries (ICPMS)
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801  Chemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+00%, Percentage 4.28e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710154

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 313>

Accession number:20184205947371
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalic Acid Esters During High Water Level Periods in the Wuhan Section of the Yangtze River, China
Authors:Dong, Lei (1, 2); Tang, Xian-Qiang (1, 2); Lin, Li (1, 2); Li, Chao (1, 2); Li, Rui (1, 2); Wu, Min (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan; 430010, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan; 430010, China 
Corresponding author:Tang, Xian-Qiang(ckyshj@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2588-2599
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been detected extensively in water and sediments in China, causing potential risks to the environment and human beings. In this study, the content level, distribution characteristics, and pollution sources of PAHs and PAEs in the water and sediments collected from 15 sites in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River in August of 2016 were analyzed systematically. The following conclusions were made. The total PAHs concentrations were 20.8-90.4 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean value 40.7 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) in water and 46.1-424.0 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (mean value 191.8 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>) in the sediments, while for PAEs, they were 280.9-779.0 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean value 538.6 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) in water and 1 346.2-7 641.1 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (mean value 3 699.5 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>) in the sediment. Both PAH and PAE concentrations in water meet the Chinese national water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002) with a low degree of pollution. PAH monomers with two to three rings were dominant in water, while those with two to three rings and four rings were dominant in the sediment. DEHP and DBP were the dominant PAE pollutants in both the water and sediment. The ratio and principal component analysis showed that the main source of PAHs in water and the sediment were the emission from coal, biomass combustion, and petroleum sources, while the main sources of PAEs include the plastic and chemical industries and municipal solid wastes. Two types of POPs (PAHs and PAEs) in water and sediment have potentially detrimental effects on human health and monitoring needs to be strengthened. This research provides basic data and technical support for the protection of the Yangtze River.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:51
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Carboxylic acids - Chemical industry - Coal combustion - Esters - Hydrocarbons - Mineral oils - Municipal solid waste - Organic pollutants - Petroleum analysis - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  - Principal component analysis - Rivers - Sediments - Waste incineration - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution characteristics - Environmental quality standards - Persistent organic pollutants - Phthalic acid esters - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Source - Source identification - Yangtze River
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 805  Chemical Engineering, General - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.08e-08kg/m3 to 9.04e-08kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.81e-07kg/m3 to 7.79e-07kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.07e-08kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.39e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710014

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 314>

Accession number:20184205947205
Title:Spatiotemporal Dynamics of CO<inf>2</inf> Emissions in Chongqing: An Empirical Analysis at the County Level
Authors:Sun, Xiu-Feng (1); Shi, Kai-Fang (2, 3); Wu, Jian-Ping (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200241, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Kai-Fang(skffyy@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2971-2981
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:China's CO<inf>2</inf> emissions present obvious temporal and spatial distribution characteristics. Therefore, the study of spatiotemporal dynamics of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions could provide useful information for the government and policy-makers on viable CO<inf>2</inf> emissions mitigation in China. Using Chongqing as a case study, we investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions at the county level (38 counties) from 1997 to 2012.The mathematical statistical method, spatial autocorrelation, and rank size rule were employed to evaluate the CO<inf>2</inf> emissions change in detail. The results showed that all of the counties in Chongqing have experienced a rapid growth of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions, but the two dimensional structure of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions has not changed. The Global Moran's I clearly decreases with a small fluctuation, and these values gradually decrease from 0.56 in 1997 to 0.40 in 2012.In addition, the HH clusters are concentrated in some counties in the downtown areas. Based on the rank size rule analysis, the slope values q decrease from -1.35 in 1997 to -0.88 in 2012, indicating a clear scattered pattern of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions in Chongqing at the county level. It has also been proven that the proportion of second industries and the urbanization rate are more important impact factors for CO<inf>2</inf> emissions than the population.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms:Autocorrelation - Dynamics - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Chongqing - CO2 emissions - County level - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatio-temporal dynamics
Classification code:804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711080

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 315>

Accession number:20184205948072
Title:Effects of Submerged Macrophytes on Different Phosphorus Fractions in Overlying Water and Interstitial Water
Authors:Yang, Wen-Bin (1); Gao, Shun-Feng (1); Wan, Rui (1); Sun, Xiang (1); Wang, Ying (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241003, China; (2) Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei; 230001, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2145-2153
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of Myriophyllum spicatum L. with developed root systems and rootless Ceratophyllum demersum on the concentration and proportion of different phosphorus fractions in the overlying water and the interstitial water were investigated by batch simulation experiments. The effects of different types of submerged macrophytes on the phosphorus fraction in the overlying water and interstitial water were explored. The results indicated a significant influence on the concentration of dissolved phosphorus in the overlying water and interstitial water by the growth of Myriophyllum spicatum L. and Ceratophyllum demersum. &#9312; The absorptivities of DTP, SRP, and DOP by Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the overlying water were 7.0%, 11.7%, and 3.5%, respectively, and in the interstitial water were 20.8%, 12.5%, and 48.4%, respectively. &#9313; The absorptivities of DTP, SRP, and DOP by Ceratophyllum demersum in the overlying water were 30.3%, 54.9%, and 13.2%, respectively, and in the interstitial water were 19.3%, 3.8%, and 30.4%, respectively. &#9314; The content of SRP in Myriophyllum spicatum L. group, Ceratophyllum demersum group, and the control group decreased 13.0%, 34.0%, and -0.9%, respectively; the PP increased 18.2%, 33.1%, and 4.2%, respectively; and the DOP increased 7.2%, 17.68%, and -4.35%, respectively. The results provide reference for eutrophic lake ecologic restoration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Absorptivities - Ceratophyllum demersum - Migration and transformation - Myriophyllum spicatum - Phosphorus fractions
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage -4.35e+00%, Percentage -9.00e-01%, Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 1.30e+01%, Percentage 1.32e+01%, Percentage 1.77e+01%, Percentage 1.82e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 2.08e+01%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 3.04e+01%, Percentage 3.31e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+00%, Percentage 3.80e+00%, Percentage 4.20e+00%, Percentage 4.84e+01%, Percentage 5.49e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 7.20e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707005

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 316>

Accession number:20184205947404
Title:Spatial Variation of Soil Heavy Metals in Lin'an City and Its Potential Risk Evaluation
Authors:Zheng, Jing-Zhi (1); Wang, Chu-Dong (1); Wang, Shi-Han (1); Lin, Yu-Ye (1); Zhao, Ke-Li (1); Wu, Dong-Tao (1); Fu, Wei-Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Lin'an; 311300, China 
Corresponding author:Fu, Wei-Jun(fuweijun@zafu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2875-2883
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Urban soil is an important part of the urban ecosystem, which is strongly correlated with human health and life quality. In this study, Lin'an city was chosen as a typical small city to study the spatial variation and distribution of heavy metals in urban soils and their pollution characteristics using multivariate analysis, geostatistics, and GIS techniques. A total of 62 soil samples were collected from the study areas. The results indicated that the average concentrations of soil Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cd were 439.42, 42.23, 196.80, 62.55, 63.65, and 0.22 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Compared with the background values and the environmental quality standards, these heavy metals were accumulated in urban soils to some extent. Almost 80% of the study area was polluted by heavy metals. The single potential ecological risk index of heavy metals indicated that Pb had the highest ecological risk. The pH and most of the heavy metals had strong correlations, and there were strong correlations among the heavy metals. The principle component analysis (PCA) showed that Pb, Zn, and Cu had the same pollution source, which was related to vehicle exhausts; Mn and Cr were mainly from the parent material; and Cd was from the emissions of manufacturing plants. The spatial structure and distribution of heavy metals and their corresponding available fractions had strong spatial autocorrelation with all of the C<inf>0</inf>/(C<inf>0</inf>+C)&lt;50%. Their spatial patterns were influenced by human activities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Heavy metals - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological risks - Environmental quality standards - Geostatistical analysis - Multi variate analysis - Potential ecological risk - Principle component analysis - Spatial autocorrelations - Urban soils
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711028

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 317>

Accession number:20184205947363
Title:Characteristics of Key Size Spectrum of PM<inf>2.5</inf> Affecting Winter Haze Pollution in Taiyuan
Authors:Yang, Su-Ying (1); Yu, Xin-Yang (1); Zhao, Xiu-Yong (2); Li, Yi-Yu (3); Shun, Hong-Ping (3); Tian, Zhi-Jie (1); Li, Yan (1); Wu, Shang (1); Wang, Zi-Hang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Physical Modeling and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210031, China; (3) Weather Modification Office of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan; 030032, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2512-2520
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>2.5</inf>is generally considered as a main pollutant causing the formation of haze. Based on meteorological parameters, aerosol distribution, and PM monitoring data in Taiyuan during November and December 2016, the characteristics of the key size spectrum of PM<inf>2.5</inf> affecting haze were discussed. During the observation period, haze was frequent and serious. Heavy haze time accounts for 25.35% of the total haze time. Haze events occurred frequently when the relative humidity was greater than 80% and wind speed was less than 1.5 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>, especially for severe haze. Mild and moderate level haze occurred frequently when the relative humidity was less than 80% and greater than 40% and when wind speed was less than 1.5 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>. Slight haze mainly occurred when the relative humidity was 20%-40% and the wind speed was 1.25-2.55 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>. The average mass concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> was 209.45 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, which was three times the level during non-haze events. With an increase in the haze level, the mass concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and the ratio of PM<inf>2.5</inf>/PM<inf>10</inf> increased. PM<inf>1</inf> was the key particle size affecting haze in the low humidity environment. PM<inf>0.5</inf> was the key particle size that affects slight haze, mild haze, and moderate haze in the high humidity environment, while PM<inf>1</inf> was the key particle size that affects heavy haze. The contribution of surface concentration to visibility decreased with high humidity, but the particle size increased by moisture absorption leading to an increase in the extinction efficiency factor, which compensated for the lack of surface concentration. The increase in the particle size parameter was an important factor for PM<inf>2.5</inf>affecting the haze pollution with high humidity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Particle size
Controlled terms:Atmospheric humidity - Pollution - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Extinction efficiency - Haze - High-humidity environment - Meteorological parameters - Particle spectra - PM2.5 - Surface concentration - Taiyuan
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01% to 4.00e+01%, Percentage 2.54e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Velocity 1.25e+00m/s to 2.55e+00m/s, Velocity 1.50e+00m/s to 2.20e+01m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709263

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 318>

Accession number:20184205947406
Title:Spatial Variation of Heavy Metals in Soils and Its Ecological Risk Evaluation in a Typical Carya cathayensis Production Area
Authors:Zhang, Hong-Ju (1, 2); Zhao, Ke-Li (1, 2, 3); Ye, Zheng-Qian (1, 2); Xu, Bin (1, 2); Zhao, Wei-Ming (4); Gu, Xiao-Bo (5); Zhang, Hua-Feng (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Lin'an; 311300, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Lin'an; 311300, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (4) Forestry Science Research Institute of Hangzhou, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (5) Agriculture and Forestry Technology Extension Center in Lin'an District, Hangzhou City, Lin'an; 311300, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Ke-Li(kelizhao@zafu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2893-2903
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the problem of soil pollution has become more and more serious. The problem of soil heavy metal pollution and its related human health risks has become a hot spot at home and abroad. Carya cathayensis is a unique high-grade woody nut and oil tree from China, and there are few reports on heavy metal pollution in Carya cathayensis plantation soils. Therefore, in order to study the spatial variability of heavy metals and the risk of pollution in Carya cathayensis soil and to promote the sustainable development of the Carya cathayensis industry, Lin'an, a typical Carya cathayensis plantation area, was selected for this study. A total of 188 soil samples were collected from the study area. We systematically studied the spatial heterogeneity of soil heavy metal content in the study area based on GIS technology, geostatistics, Moran's I, and other spatial analysis methods. The single factor pollution index method, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method, and the potential ecological risk assessment method were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the study area. The results indicated that the mean content of soil cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) were 0.37, 40.76, 87.61, 30.10, 28.33, 56.57 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The average values of Cd and Cu were 1.33 and 2.87 times of the background values, respectively, and the average content of other heavy metals did not exceed the background values. The results of the single factor Nemerow pollution index and potential ecological risk assessment methods showed that heavy metals in the study area exceeded the soil background values in some samples, and the second grade standard of soil environmental quality was exceed for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni in 31.38%, 31.38%, 2.65%, 0.53%, and 17.02% of the samples, respectively. This indicated that the soils in the study area had different accumulation characteristics for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr, and the local soil had reached pollution levels for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni. Among them, Cd was the most serious, reaching the degree of strong ecological damage, followed by Cu. In general, the heavy metal contents indicated a moderate degree of ecological damage. Based on the analysis of the semi-variance function, the Cd, Cu, and Ni in the soil were best fit with exponential models, the Zn and Pb were better fit with the Gaussian model, and Cr was consistent with the spherical model. Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cr had the strong spatial autocorrelation, with Nugget/Sill ratios of 12.1%, 4.6%, 14.9%, 2.6%, and 11.2%, respectively, while the Nugget/Sill ratio of Zn was 48.8%, indicating a medium spatial autocorrelation. Moran's I and Kriging interpolation results found that the heavy metals Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr all had obvious spatial distribution patterns and local spatial aggregation phenomena. The high values of heavy metals in soils were mainly found in Taiyang, Daoshi, Qingliangfeng, Heqiao, and Tuankou, and the probability of the risk for contamination by Cd and Cu was higher in the study area. The high values of Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr were mainly related to mining, while Pb was closely related to the application of potassium.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Autocorrelation - Health risks - Heavy metals - Interpolation - Risk assessment - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution - Spatial variables measurement - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation characteristics - Distribution characteristics - Geo-statistics - Heavy metal pollution - Heavy metals in soil - Potential ecological risk - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatial distribution patterns
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 921.6  Numerical Methods - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.12e+01%, Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 1.49e+01%, Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 2.60e+00%, Percentage 2.65e+00%, Percentage 3.14e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+00%, Percentage 4.88e+01%, Percentage 5.30e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707115

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 319>

Accession number:20184205947382
Title:Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Their Driving Factors in the Siminghu Reservoir
Authors:Zheng, Cheng (1); Lu, Kai-Hong (1); Xu, Zhen (1); Zheng, Zhong-Ming (1); Zhu, Jin-Yong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo; 315211, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Jin-Yong(zhujinyong@nbu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2688-2697
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The succession of phytoplankton communities is affected by pure environmental factors as well as the interaction of various factors. Phytoplankton communities with eleven aquatic abiotic factors and four biotic factors were investigated in the Siminghu Reservoir, and the seasonal succession of phytoplankton FGs related to the biotic and abiotic factors was analyzed. The results suggested that a total of 22 phytoplankton functional groups were identified across the samples, and they were all affiliated with Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta. An obvious seasonal succession was discovered by NMDS, which were present as D+Lo in summer, D+P+Lo in autumn and winter, and X2+P+MP in spring. In particular, we screened 10 functional groups with biomass significantly associated with the seasonal change in the phytoplankton community. A variance partitioning analysis (VPA) revealed that water temperature-zooplankton covariation and water temperature explained the variation in the phytoplankton functional groups throughout the year. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that water temperature, transparency, nitrate nitrogen, and the biomass of zooplankton were the most critical factors determining the community dynamics of phytoplankton.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Plankton
Controlled terms:Functional groups - Phytoplankton - Reservoirs (water) - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Abiotic factors - Biotic factors - Canonical Correspondence Analysis - Community dynamics - Environmental factors - Phytoplankton community - Seasonal succession - Water temperatures
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709194

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 320>

Accession number:20184205948094
Title:Effects of Biochar Application Rates on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Purple Paddy Soil
Authors:Qi, Le (1); Gao, Ming (1, 2); Guo, Xiao-Min (1); Niu, Hai-Dong (1); Li, Ting (1); Sun, Tao (1); Cao, Qun-Ling (1); Tang, Jia-Hao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Ming(gaoming@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2351-2359
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the effects of different amounts of biochar applied in purple paddy soil on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, potted experiments using a static opaque chamber and gas chromatography method were used to study the regulations and influences of biochar on soil greenhouse gas emission using five treatments: no fertilizer (CK), conventional fertilization (NPK), 10 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> biochar+NPK (LBC), 20 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> biochar+NPK (MBC), and 40 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> biochar+NPK (HBC). &#9312; Soil CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux reduced significantly with all biochar application treatments; the emission flux followed the order, from large to small, of NPK&gt;CK&gt;LBC&gt;MBC&gt;HBC. The CH<inf>4</inf> emission flux of each treatment showed a single peak curve, and the peak value was mainly concentrated in the late growth stage of the paddy cropland. During the entire observation period, the emission flux of CH<inf>4</inf> was between -0.05 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>and 47.34 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux of each treatment was complicated and ranged from 32.95 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>to 1 350.88 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux of the LBC and MBC treatments showed bimodal curves, and the CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux of other treatments showed single peak curves. In addition, all biochar treatments delayed the peak time of the CO<inf>2</inf> emission flux. The N<inf>2</inf>O emission flux of each treatment ranged from -309.39 to 895.48 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, and the N<inf>2</inf>O emission flux of the LBC treatment showed a bimodal curve, while other treatments showed single peak curves. &#9313; Compared with the CK treatment, biochar treatment can significantly reduce the cumulative emissions of CH<inf>4</inf>and promote the cumulative emissions of CO<inf>2</inf>and N<inf>2</inf>O. The average amount of CH<inf>4</inf> cumulative emissions followed the order CK&gt;LBC&gt;MBC&gt;HBC, while the average amount of CO<inf>2</inf> cumulative emissions followed LBC&gt;MBC&gt;HBC&gt;CK, and the average amount of N<inf>2</inf>O cumulative emissions followed HBC&gt;MBC&asymp;LBC&gt;CK. Compared with conventional fertilization treatment, different application rates of biochar addition significantly reduced CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions. As more biochar was added, CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> cumulative emissions were lower. Although the regulation of N<inf>2</inf>O cumulative emissions on biochar addition was not obvious, the application of nitrogen fertilizer could promote the emission flux of N<inf>2</inf>O to some extent. &#9314; Over the time scale of 100 years, the integrated global warming potentials (GWP) of CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O emission under different biochar treatment were decreased significantly, indicating that biochar combined with chemical fertilizer is an effective GHG emission reduction measure.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Greenhouse gases
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Emission control - Gas chromatography - Gas emissions - Global warming - Nitrogen fertilizers - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Chemical fertilizers - Cumulative emissions - GHG emission - Global warming potential - Observation Period - Paddy cropland - Soil respiration
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710033

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 321>

Accession number:20184806135269
Title:Secondary Organic Aerosols from Aqueous Reaction of Aerosol Water
Authors:Ye, Zhao-Lian (1); Qu, Zhen-Xiu (1); Ma, Shuai-Shuai (1); Gai, Xin-Lei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou; 213001, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Gai, Xin-Lei(caxinra@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3954-3964
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Liquid water (cloud/fog droplets and aerosols) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and can provide an important reaction media for aqueous-phase chemical reactions. Gaseous precursors (mainly VOCs) or their gas-phase initial or first-generation oxidation products (including intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds; I/SVOCs) can undergo chemical reactions in the atmospheric condensed phase (aqueous phase) to form low-volatility, highly oxidized organic matter [e.g., some key tracer species such as organosulfates (OSs) and organonitrogens (ONs)]. These products largely remain in the particle phase upon water evaporation and are referred to as aqueous secondary organic aerosols (aqSOAs). aqSOAs have been emerging as a research hot topic in atmospheric chemistry, as they can contribute significantly to OAs and thus have important impacts on the environment, climate, and human health. Despite considerable progress, so far, aqSOAs remain poorly understood owing to their complex formation mechanisms. In this review, we focus mainly on the relevant research results on the SOAs formed in aerosol water-aqueous aerosol SOAs (aaSOAs)-including gas-phase precursors, formation mechanisms, laboratory simulations, and field observations, as well as SOA yield and contribution to OAs. Meanwhile, we propose future directions regarding studies of sources and formation mechanisms of aaSOAs, including identification of unknown aaSOA precursors and tracer products, photosensitizer-triggered radical chemistry, formation pathways of OS and ON compounds, field observations and model simulations of aaSOAs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:100
Main heading:Atmospheric chemistry
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Gases - Photosensitizers - Reaction intermediates - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Field observations - Formation mechanism - Gaseous precursors - Identification of unknowns - Laboratory simulation - Secondary organic aerosols - Semivolatile organic compounds - SOA yields
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712236

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 322>

Accession number:20184806135457
Title:Scenario Analyses of the Volatile Organic Compound Emission Allowance and Allocation in the 13th Five-Year Period
Authors:Zhang, Jia-Ni (1); Chen, Xiao-Fang (1); Liang, Xiao-Ming (1); Ke, Yun-Ting (1); Fan, Li-Ya (1, 2, 3); Ye, Dai-Qi (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Ye, Dai-Qi(cedqye@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3544-3551
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:China implemented the emission allowance and allocation strategy in 2016 to achieve effective control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). An inventory of VOCs emissions for 2015 and future emissions for 2020 were developed and predicted, respectively, using emission factors and regression analysis. The results showed that anthropogenic VOCs emission in 2015 was 31 117.0 kt. VOCs emission in 2020 under the business-as-usual scenario is predicted to be 41 737.2 kt, an increase of 34.13% from that in 2015. Based on the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan, a total amount control target and pollution reduction task of about 28 005.3 kt and 13 731.9 kt, respectively, were proposed. Additionally, three control scenarios, i.e., implementing VOCs emission reduction strategies in all the key areas, in all the key industries, and in the key industries of the key areas, were established for the 13th Five-Year Plan using a scenario analysis method. The results showed that some differences exist between the potential mitigation of VOCs emissions and the emission reduction target for the three control scenarios, it is difficult to realize the emission allowance target. It is necessary to devote greater efforts to control VOCs. Moreover, reducing emissions of VOCs by implementing large-scale control projects is recommended. Further, regulation of VOC emissions in key areas and industries should be emphasized.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Gas chromatography
Controlled terms:Emission control - Neutron emission - Regression analysis - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:China - Emission allowances - Emission reduction strategy - Emission reduction targets - Pollution reduction - Scenario analysis - Total amount controls - Volatile organic compound emission
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.41e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801201

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 323>

Accession number:20184806135482
Title:Preparation of Prussian Blue@Yeast Catalyst and Its Heterogeneous Fenton Performance
Authors:Chen, Si (1); Bai, Bo (1, 2); Wang, Hong-Lun (2); Suo, You-Rui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Chang'an University, Xi'an; 710054, China; (2) Northwest Institutes of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining; 810001, China 
Corresponding author:Bai, Bo(baibochina@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3759-3766
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A novel heterogeneous Fenton catalyst, Prussian blue@yeast (PB@yeast), was prepared via facile self-assembly synthesis. The as-synthesized composite was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). All of the results indicated that PB nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of yeasts with stable core-shell morphology. Degradation of the model anionic fluorescent whitening agent CXT indicated that the PB@yeast catalyst presented a synergistic effect of adsorption and heterogeneous Fenton performance. Owing to the high adsorption capacity of yeast, the CXT molecules were easy to move to the active site of the catalyst, promoting the electron transfer between Fe(&#8546;) and Fe(&#8545;) and then enhancing the catalytic activity of the Fenton reaction effectively. Furthermore, the yeast support could improve the dispersity and stability of PB nanoparticles, which maintained excellent catalytic activity and stability after being recycled four times.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Catalyst activity
Controlled terms:Enamels - Energy dispersive spectroscopy - Field emission microscopes - Fluorescence - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Nanoparticles - Oxidation - Scanning electron microscopy - Self assembly - Yeast
Uncontrolled terms:Energy dispersive spectroscopies (EDS) - Fenton reactions - Field emission scanning electron microscopy - Fluorescent whitening agents - High adsorption capacity - Powder X ray diffraction - Prussian blue - Synergistic effect
Classification code:741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 761  Nanotechnology - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 813.2  Coating Materials - 822.3  Food Products - 933  Solid State Physics - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712071

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 324>

Accession number:20184806135485
Title:Treatment of Old Landfill Leachate via a Denitrification-Partial Nitritation-ANAMMOX Process
Authors:Wang, Fan (1, 2, 3); Lu, Ming-Yu (1, 2, 3); Yin, Ji-Qiang (1, 2, 3); Li, Xiang (1, 2, 3); Huang, Yong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yong(yhuang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3782-3788
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To research the performance of removing nitrogen and organics from old landfill leachate via denitrification-partial nitritation-ANAMMOX (DN-PN-ANAMMOX) process, an integrated reactor seeded with mature ANAMMOX sludge and nitritation sludge connected to a denitrification (DN) reactor was studied. The result showed that before the pre-denitrification reactor was connected, the PN-ANAMMOX reactor achieved a nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 1.88 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and a nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 90.3% when the concentration of influent ammonia nitrogen and COD were 600 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 483 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The NRR of the PN-ANAMMOX process dropped to 1.50 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> when the concentration of influent COD&gt;483 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which corresponds to C/N&gt;0.8. To relieve the influence of organic matter on ANAMMOX, a DN reactor was put in front of the PN-ANAMMOX reactor. The DN-PN-ANAMMOX process achieved an NRR and NRE of 1.37 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 98.6%, respectively, under the conditions of influent ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations of 1100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 1150 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The NRR of ANAMMOX reached 15.6 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The whole system realized a highly efficient and deep removal of nitrogen without any additional carbon source. When treating old landfill leachate, most of the biodegradable organics can be removed by the system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Leachate treatment - Organic compounds - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen - ANAMMOX - Biodegradable organics - Denitrification reactors - Landfill leachates - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Nitrogen removal rates - Partial nitritation
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.10e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.15e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.83e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.03e+01%, Percentage 9.86e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801252

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 325>

Accession number:20184806135475
Title:Effect of Cr(Ⅵ) on Coagulation Process of Different Coagulants
Authors:Gao, Qian (1, 2); Zhang, Da-Wei (1, 2); Xu, Hui (2); Xu, Jian-Kun (3); Zhang, Chong-Miao (1); Wang, Dong-Sheng (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Yantai Yongxu Environment Protection Co., Ltd., Yantai; 264006, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Hui(huixu@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3704-3712
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the effect of Cr(&#8549;) in industrial wastewater on the coagulation of different aluminum forms under the influence of different particle concentrations was investigated. The coagulation efficiency was determined by examining the removal rate of turbidity, residual aluminum, and residual chromium and by using the residual pH value, zeta potential, and floc properties of the coagulation to reveal the coagulation mechanism of Cr(&#8549;) in water under different turbidities. The experimental results show that under low turbidity conditions, Cr(&#8549;) greatly influences the coagulation process of highly polymerized Al<inf>b</inf>, yet has no obvious effect on oligomeric Al<inf>a</inf>. Under high turbidity conditions, particulate matter will adsorb part of the Cr(&#8549;) in high turbidity water, thus reducing its interaction with Al<inf>b</inf>. The main role Al<inf>b</inf> plays in coagulation is charge neutralization. It plays the same role in the stability of the particles and floc regeneration. The main role of Al<inf>c</inf> formed by hydrolysis of Al<inf>a</inf> is bridging effects and sweep flocculation, which plays an important role in floc production and strength factor. At the same time, the existence of Cr(&#8549;) enhances the strength factor of Al<inf>13</inf> flocs, but the consumption of some of the positive charge will lead to a reduction in the floc recovery factor.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Coagulation
Controlled terms:Aluminum - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Turbidity
Uncontrolled terms:Charge neutralization - Coagulation efficiency - Coagulation mechanism - Coagulation process - Electric neutralization - Fragmentation regeneration - Industrial wastewaters - Particle concentrations
Classification code:541.1  Aluminum - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710034

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 326>

Accession number:20184806135480
Title:Effect of Hybrid Process of Pre-ozonation and CNT Modification on Hollow Fiber Membrane Fouling Control
Authors:Guan, Yu-Qi (1); Wang, Kai-Lun (1); Zhu, Xue-Dong (1); Dong, Dan (1); Xue, Xiao-Lei (1); Ma, Yan-Lin (1); Luan, Gui-Rong (1); Guo, Jin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Jin(guojin@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3744-3752
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were modified with carbon nanotube (CNT). Combined with the ozonation process, the effect of the hybrid pre-ozonation and CNT modification on fouling alleviation was investigated. The impacts of CNT loading mass and ozone dosage on the variation of flux and antifouling ability of the membrane modules were evaluated. Under a critical flux of 144 L&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, CNT loading mass of 3 g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, and ozone dosage(O<inf>3</inf>/DOC) of 0.22 mg&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup>, the results revealed that the filtration volume of the hybrid process was promoted to 850 L&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, which was about 4.5 times higher than that of the original unmodified membrane. With a flux of 18 L&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 15 day operation, the filtration volume was promoted to 3 000 L&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, which was 10 times that of the unmodified membrane. The fouling membrane surface was observed using confocal laser scanning electron microscopy (CLSM). The results demonstrated that more living bacteria were present on the membrane surface of the unmodified membrane, which showed a rapid transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase. Both pre-ozonation and CNT modification decreased the total amount of microorganisms and the amount of the living bacteria as well, which mitigated the increase in TMP. After pre-ozonation, the presence of a CNT layer on the membrane surface further decreased the number of living bacteria. Although the CNT layer captured some dead bacteria, it had no obvious relationship with the increase in TMP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Carbon nanotubes
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biofouling - Fluorine compounds - Membrane fouling - Membranes - Microfiltration - Ozone - Ozonization - Scanning electron microscopy - Sewage  - Ultrafiltration - Yarn
Uncontrolled terms:Anti-fouling ability - Confocal laser scanning - Hollow fiber membranes - Membrane modification - Polyvinylidene fluorides - Sewage effluents - Transmembrane pressures - Ultra-filtration membranes
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 761  Nanotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 819.4  Fiber Products - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.11e-02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712103

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 327>

Accession number:20184305984352
Title:Effect of Biochar on Root Morphological Characteristics of Wetland Plants and Purification Capacity of Constructed Wetland
Authors:Xu, De-Fu (1, 2, 3); Pan, Qian-Cheng (1, 2); Li, Ying-Xue (1); Chen, Xiao-Yi (1, 2); Wang, Jia-Jun (1, 2); Zhou, Lei (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3187-3193
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A constructed wetland with Acorus calamus L. was built. Straw biochar, reed biochar, and sawdust biochar was added into the constructed wetland individually to study the effect of different biochars on the root morphology, dissolved oxygen, and purification ability of the constructed wetland. The results show that the total root length, total projection area, total volume, total surface area, root number, branch number, and root dry weight of Acorus calamus L. significantly increased when all three kinds of biochar were added into the constructed wetland (P&lt;0.05). Similarly, adding the biochars into the constructed wetland also significantly increased dissolved oxygen content in the wetland (P&lt;0.05). Addition of sawdust biochar into the constructed wetland increased the root length, projection area, surface area, total volume, number of root tips, number of branches, and root dry weight of Acorus calamus L. by 96.1%, 106.2%, 185.6%, 172.5%, 75.3%, 121.6%, and 84.9%, respectively. After adding biochars into the constructed wetland, the root morphology of Acorus calamus L. and dissolved oxygen content was significantly correlated with removal rate of TN, TP, and COD, respectively. Addition of sawdust biochar into the constructed wetland significantly increased the removal rates of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and COD when the hydraulic load was 0.022 m<sup>3</sup>&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> (P&lt;0.05). These results suggested that the addition of sawdust biochar to the constructed wetland increased the root growth of Acorus calamus L. and enhanced dissolved oxygen content, resulting in purification capacity of the constructed wetland.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Dissolution - Dissolved oxygen - Nitrogen removal - Purification
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Constructed wetlands - Dissolved oxygen contents - Morphological characteristic - Number of branches - Purification ability - Total surface area - Wetland plants
Classification code:802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.06e+02%, Percentage 1.22e+02%, Percentage 1.72e+02%, Percentage 1.86e+02%, Percentage 7.53e+01%, Percentage 8.49e+01%, Percentage 9.61e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712072

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 328>

Accession number:20184305984348
Title:Urban Runoff Phosphorus Removal Pathways in Bioretention Systems
Authors:Li, Li-Qing (1); Liu, Yu-Qing (1); Yang, Jia-Min (1); Wang, Juan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3150-3157
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The role of vegetation and saturated zones in stormwater-dissolved phosphorus (PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P) removal was investigated using bioretention microcosms. Nine bioretention columns were dosed with synthetic stormwater under various hydrological conditions and phosphorus loading rates and monitored over a 12-month period. Remarkable phosphorus removal (&gt;90%) was achieved using the mixed filter media of sand and local soil, with or without vegetation. Bioretention columns in which P. alopecuroides was planted could significantly enhance PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P removal. The saturated zones could also reduce the effluent PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P concentrations, but had no significant effect on total phosphorus removal. Approximately 50% of the input phosphorus retained in the filter media was extracted in the top 0-22.5 cm, where it could be available for uptake by plants. Further, 57.1% to 76.1% of the total phosphorus input recovered in the total plant biomass was stored in the above-ground shoots. Thus, periodic harvesting of shoots can be a sustainable method of phosphorus removal from stormwater bioretention systems.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Phosphorus
Controlled terms:Effluents - Filters (for fluids) - Runoff - Sewage - Storms - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Bioretention - Dissolved phosphorus - Hydrological condition - P. alopecuroides - Phosphorus loading - Phosphorus removal - Plant uptake - Urban stormwater runoff
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+00yr, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.71e+01% to 7.61e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.25e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711252

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 329>

Accession number:20184305984369
Title:Microbial Community Distributions in Soils of an Oil Exploitation Site
Authors:Cai, Ping-Ping (1, 2); Ning, Zhuo (1, 3, 4, 5); He, Ze (1, 4, 5); Zhang, Min (1, 4, 5); Shi, Jian-Sheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang; 050061, China; (2) School of Resources and Enviromental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei; 230009, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang; 050061, China; (5) Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of China Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang; 050061, China 
Corresponding author:Ning, Zhuo(ningzhuozhuo@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3329-3338
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To design a reasonable and effective remediation scheme for soil in contaminated sites, it is necessary to understand the microbial communities in the soil. Samples were collected at different depths (0 cm to 400 cm) in four locations: one that was persistently contaminated and near an oil well, one that was historically contaminated in the middle of the site, one in a mud pit, and one in farmland. High-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA in these samples was performed. In addition to physico-chemical properties of the soil, the &alpha;-diversity, species composition, and differences in species between groups of microorganisms were analyzed, and a principal coordinate analysis and canonical correlation analysis were conducted. Results showed that oil and salt contents in soils were the dominant factors affecting microbial community structure. Hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were abundant in oil-contaminated soils, whereas halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were present in soils with high salt contents. Therefore, hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms might be useful in remediation of oil-contaminated sites.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Land reclamation
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Chemical analysis - Contamination - Hydrocarbons - Microorganisms - Oil wells - Remediation - RNA - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Canonical correlation analysis - High-throughput sequencing - Hydrocarbon degradation - Microbial communities - Microbial community structures - Oil contamination - Oil exploitation - Principal coordinate analysis
Classification code:442.2  Land Reclamation - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 512.1.1  Oil Fields - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 4.00e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711233

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 330>

Accession number:20184305984094
Title:Effects of the Veterinary Antibiotic Sulfamethazine on Ammonia Volatilization from a Paddy Field Treated with Conventional Synthetic Fertilizer and Manure
Authors:Pang, Bing-Kun (1); Zhang, Jing-Sha (1); Wu, Jie (1); Li, Zhi-Lin (1); Jiang, Jing-Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Jing-Yan(lilacjjy@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3460-3466
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Veterinary antibiotics have been widely detected in croplands due to the application of animal excrements as fertilizer. However, their effects on ammonia (NH<inf>3</inf>) volatilization remain unclear. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of sulfamethazine on NH<inf>3</inf> volatilization from a paddy field when conventional synthetic fertilizer or manure was applied as basal fertilizer. Five different treatments were conducted in this study: without application of fertilizers and antibiotics (CK), compound fertilizer used as basal fertilizer with and without the addition of sulfamethazine (CF+SD and CF respectively), and pig manure used as base fertilizer with and without the addition of sulfamethazine (CM+SD and CM respectively). Urea was used for topdressing in the CF, CF+SD, CM, and CM+SD treatments. The results showed that regardless of the fertilizer type applied, sulfamethazine did not affect the seasonal pattern of NH<inf>3</inf>volatilization. However, it promoted the NH<inf>3</inf> volatilization rate in the topdressing stage significantly (P&lt;0.01). During the observation period, the proportions of applied N lost as NH<inf>3</inf>-N in the CF+SD and CM+SD treatments were 1.65 and 2.78 times higher than those in the CF and CM treatments, respectively. The promoting effect of sulfamethazine was more obvious in the pig manure treatment than in the compound fertilizer treatment. Sulfamethazine significantly increased the soil urease activity (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, the NH<inf>3</inf> volatilization rate was positively correlated with urease activity and soil ammonia nitrogen content (P&lt;0.05). This indicates that sulfamethazine can increase the NH<inf>3</inf> volatilization rate by changing the soil urease activity and inorganic nitrogen content. Controlling the misuse of veterinary antibiotics and environmental and ecological risks posed by the antibiotic residues in farmland excrements are urgent problems in China that need to be solved.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Antibiotics - Mammals - Manures - Nitrogen - Soils - Urea
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia volatilization - Application of fertilizers - Inorganic fertilizers - Organic fertilizers - Paddy fields - Sulfamethazine - Synthetic fertilizers - Veterinary antibiotic
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711095

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 331>

Accession number:20184305984093
Title:Characteristics of Odor Emissions from Fresh Compost During Storage and Application
Authors:He, Pin-Jing (1, 2, 3); Jiang, Ning-Ling (1, 2); Xu, Xian (1, 2); Wei, Shun-Yan (1, 2); Shao, Li-Ming (2, 3); L&uuml;, Fan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai; 200092, China; (3) Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns &amp; Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:L&uuml;, Fan(lvfan.rhodea@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3452-3459
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The direct application of fresh compost is frequent in practice and might cause odor pollution. The present study investigated the characteristics of odor emissions and aimed to estimate the environmental effect of odor over the course of storage and application. An odors emission potential test lasting 21 days was conducted using primarily fermented fruit and vegetable waste compost. The results showed that the fresh compost primarily emitted ammonia, as well as sulfur compounds, benzenes, and terpenes throughout the experiment. Alcohol and aldehyde emissions decreased over time, whereas ketone emissions were consistently low. By simulating two scenarios-one in an enclosed space and one in open air-the quantity of fresh compost could be applied or stored, and the protective distance was calculated from the point of odor potential.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Composting
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Applications - Energy storage - Fruits - Ketones - Odor control - Pollution - Sulfur compounds - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Emission potential - Enclosed spaces - Fresh compost - Fruit and vegetable waste - Odor emission - Odor pollution - Odor potential - Protective distance
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 525.7  Energy Storage - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Age 5.75e-02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712017

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 332>

Accession number:20184305984343
Title:Measurements of OC and EC Emission Factors for Light-duty Gasoline Vehicles
Authors:Huang, Cheng (1, 2); Hu, Qing-Yao (1, 2); Lu, Jun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3110-3117
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) emission factors from 27 State 3-5 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) were tested in this study using a CVS (Constant Volume Sampling) system on a dynamometer. The influences of start conditions, driving cycles, and fuel injection technologies on the OC and EC emissions were analyzed. The results show that the OC emission factors of the tested State 3 to 5 LDGVs were (2.09&plusmn;1.03), (1.59&plusmn;0.78), and (0.75&plusmn;0.31) mg&bull;km<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and the EC emission factors were (1.98&plusmn;1.42), (1.57&plusmn;1.80), and (0.65&plusmn;0.49) mg&bull;km<sup>-1</sup>. Both OC and EC emissions significantly decreased with the promotion of emission standards. The OC/EC ratios were 1.54&plusmn;0.92, 1.53&plusmn;0.91, and 1.47&plusmn;0.66, respectively. OC1, OC2, EC1, and EC2 were the most important carbonaceous components from LDGVs, accounting for 15%, 20.6%, 22.2%, and 21.7%, respectively. OC and EC emission factors under cold-start conditions were 1.4 and 1.8 times those under hot-start conditions. OC and EC emission factors for highway cycles were 2 and 4 times those for urban cycles. OC emission factors from GDI (Gasoline Direct Injection) engines were close to those from PFI (Port Fuel Injection) engines. However, their EC emission factors were 1.7 times those from PFI engines. With the increasing popularity of GDI engines in LDGV fleets in China, the EC emissions from these engines should be paid more attention in the future.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Gasoline
Controlled terms:Direct injection - Dynamometers - Engines - Motor transportation - Organic carbon - Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonaceous components - Constant volume sampling - Emission factors - Gasoline direct injection - Injection technology - Light duty gasoline vehicles - Port fuel injections - Vehicle emission
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 523  Liquid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 943.1  Mechanical Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.06e+01%, Percentage 2.17e+01%, Percentage 2.22e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712218

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 333>

Accession number:20184305984362
Title:Stability of Nitritation Combined with Limited Filamentous Bulking Under Intermittent Aeration
Authors:Gao, Chun-Di (1); Sun, Da-Yang (1); An, Ran (1); Zhao, Nan (1); Jiao, Er-Long (2); Zhu, Hai-Bing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100037, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3271-3278
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Limited filamentous bulking (LFB) combined with nitritation under low dissolved oxygen (DO) is a new technology for enhancing nitrogen removal and reducing aeration requirements. In order to investigate the feasibility and sustainability of this technology, two sequence batch reactors (SBRs) were operated under different regimes to stimulate different aeration modes under low DO (0.3-0.8 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). Sludge settleability, nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR), total nitrogen (TN) removal rate, dynamic variation of dominant filaments, and nitrifying bacterial communities were investigated. The results indicated that short-cut nitrification combined with LFB could be achieved under intermittent aeration, and the ratio of anoxic/aerobic was 15 min/30 min, the value of sludge volume index (SVI) was maintained from 170 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> to 200 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. An NAR above 95% was achieved under real-time continuous aeration. Meanwhile, LFB was induced when nitrite started to accumulate, and the dominant filament was Type 0092. However, the limited bulking was not maintained for the long term. After a transfer from continuous aeration to intermittent aeration, LFB reappeared in 60 days and the value of SVI remained between 170 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 200 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. The process of nitritation combined with LFB was maintained stably for the next two months, and the TN removal rate was above 66%. FISH analysis indicated that the identical dominant filaments were M. parvicella and Type 0092 for maintaining limited bulking in the two reactors. qPCR results showed that proportion of AOB in the total bacteria increased from the previous 0.53% to 2.19% in the end, whereas that of NOB decreased from 17.5% to 3.2% in SBR A. Moreover, the proportion of AOB increased from 0.51% to 1.53%, whereas that of NOB decreased from 18.05% to 11.01% in SBR B.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Batch reactors - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Polymerase chain reaction
Uncontrolled terms:Filamentous bulking - Intermittent aeration - Low dissolved oxygen - Nitrite accumulation - Removal rate - Sludge volume index
Classification code:801.2  Biochemistry - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.64e-01yr, Mass_Density 3.00e-04kg/m3 to 8.00e-04kg/m3, Percentage 1.75e+01% to 3.20e+00%, Percentage 1.81e+01% to 1.10e+01%, Percentage 5.10e-01% to 1.53e+00%, Percentage 5.30e-01% to 2.19e+00%, Percentage 6.60e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.70e-01m3/kg to 2.00e-01m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.70e-01m3/kg to 2.20e-02m3/kg, Specific_Volume 2.00e-01m3/kg to 2.20e-02m3/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 334>

Accession number:20184305984379
Title:Seasonal Variation in Surface Ozone and Its Effect on the Winter Wheat and Rice in Nanjing, China
Authors:Zhao, Hui (1, 2); Zheng, You-Fei (1, 2, 3); Wei, Li (3); Guan, Qing (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Zheng, You-Fei(zhengyf@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3418-3425
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, surface ozone concentration has been increasing. A high concentration of ozone can affect the growth of crops, and reduce crop yields. In this paper, based on hourly ozone concentration data in the Nanjing area obtained from 2014 to 2016, we analyzed the variation characteristic of ozone concentration and its effect on the production and economic loss of winter wheat and rice. The results shows that the mean concentrations of ozone in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 62.9, 68.6 and 69.1 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively; the ozone concentration and the number of days exceeding the standard gradually increased each year. The order (high to low) of seasonal average ozone concentrations was summer, spring, autumn, and winter. The diurnal variation of ozone concentration in the four seasons showed a single-peak curve, with the peak and valley ozone values appearing at 15: 00-16: 00 and 07: 00-08: 00, respectively. The accumulated ozone exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) values during the growing season of winter wheat in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 10.5, 14.4, and 9.4 &mu;L&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&bull;h, respectively. The ozone AOT40 values during the growing season of rice in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 8.5, 20.0, and 25.6 &mu;L&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&bull;h, respectively. At the current ozone level, the impact of surface ozone on winter wheat is higher than that on rice; the range of ozone effect on the yield loss rate of winter wheat was 21.4%-32.8%, and the annual economic loss amounted to 150.766-277.996 million Yuan RMB. The range of ozone effect on the yield loss rate of rice was 8.1%-24. 3%, and the annual economic loss amounted to 197.472-680.757 million Yuan RMB.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Ozone
Controlled terms:Crops - Losses
Uncontrolled terms:AOT40 - Ozone concentration - Rice - Winter wheat - Yield
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 911.2  Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.14e+01% to 3.28e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712101

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 335>

Accession number:20184305984364
Title:Impact of Nano Zero-Valent Iron (NZVI) on Methanogenic Activity, Physiological Traits, and Microbial Community Structure in Anaerobic Digestion
Authors:Su, Run-Hua (1); Ding, Li-Li (1); Ren, Hong-Qiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Ding, Li-Li(dinglili@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3286-3296
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Effects of short-term nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) and zero-valent iron (ZVI) exposure on methanogenic activity of anaerobic sludge, physiological traits, composition of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), and microbial community structure were investigated. Results show that accumulated methane production decreased with an increase of NZVI concentration; yet, methane production only changed slightly with the same concentration of ZVI. In the NZVI (100-5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) sets, dissolved iron (DFe) concentrations were 1.6-7.4 times that of the control value at 5 d, whereas DFe was only slightly above the control in the ZVI set (5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The concentration of extracellular polymeric substances and cell viability decreased to 21.1% and 79.7%, respectively, of the control in the 5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> NZVI treatments. Coenzyme F<inf>420</inf> and coenzyme M decreased to 40.2% and 61.1%, respectively, of the control in the 5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> NZVI treatments, which were significantly increased to 1.3 times that of the control value in the 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> NZVI and 5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> ZVI treatments. The order of unsaturation and branch PLFA content was ZVI-5000 (21.18%)&gt;control (19.37%)&gt;NZVI-1000 (16.69%)&gt;NZVI-5000 (15.94%)&gt;NZVI-100 (12.08%). High NZVI concentration (5 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) resulted in an increase of DFe and a decrease of cell membrane fluidity and key coenzyme activity of methanogenesis, which led to the inhibition of methane production. Principle component analysis and redundancy analysis indicated that differences in the microbial community existed among these treatments and that Nakamurella, Bacillus, Trichococcus, and Petrimonas showed tolerance to NZVI.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Bacteriology - Coenzymes - Cytology - Fatty acids - Iron - Methane - Microorganisms - Phospholipids - Physiology - Principal component analysis  - Redundancy
Uncontrolled terms:Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Methanogenic activity - Microbial communities - Microbial community structures - Nano zero-valent irons - Phospholipid fatty acids - Principle component analysis - Redundancy analysis
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 545.1  Iron - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 5.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 1.59e+01%, Percentage 1.67e+01%, Percentage 7.97e+01%, Percentage 1.94e+01%, Percentage 2.11e+01%, Percentage 2.12e+01%, Percentage 4.02e+01%, Percentage 6.11e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711268

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 336>

Accession number:20184305984371
Title:Risk Analysis of Heavy Metal Contamination in Farmland Soil Around a Bauxite Residue Disposal Area in Guangxi
Authors:Guo, Ying (1); Li, Yu-Bing (1); Xue, Sheng-Guo (1); Liao, Jia-Xin (1); Wang, Qiong-Li (1); Wu, Chuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China 
Corresponding author:Xue, Sheng-Guo(sgxue@csu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3349-3357
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDA) appear to result in the heavy metal pollution of the farm fields surrounding them. In total, 194 topsoil samples were collected from the fields surrounding a BRDA in Guangxi in order to comprehensively understand the pollutant characteristics. These characteristics and their ecological risks were assessed by the Nemerow and Harkanson indices, whilst the sources and correlations of eight heavy metals (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Co) were analyzed by means of the spatial interpolation method, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrated that the surrounding fields were seriously polluted by heavy metals. Ninety-two percent of samples were polluted, including 36% that showed serious pollution, and As was the dominant contaminant. The ecological risk results showed that the risks of the surrounding fields were medium, and As was responsible for 68% of this. Spatial interpolation suggested that concentrations of heavy metals in the northeastward and southwestward areas were higher, however the southeastward areas were lower. Multivariate statistics indicated that the possible source of As contaminant was different to those of V, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Co; As was primarily influenced by anthropogenic contamination, including atmospheric sedimentation, and agricultural fertilization. Cr was affected by both soil parent material and atmospheric sedimentation, whereas V, Ni, Zn, Pb, And Co levels were mainly affected by soil parent material.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Contamination - Farms - Heavy metals - Interpolation - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Risk analysis - Risk assessment - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural fertilization - Anthropogenic contamination - Disposal areas - Farmland soils - Heavy metal contamination - Heavy metal pollution - Source apportionment - Spatial interpolation method
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921.6  Numerical Methods - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711018

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 337>

Accession number:20184305984367
Title:Identification and Characterization of a Hypothermic Alkaliphilic Aerobic Denitrifying Bacterium Pseudomonas monteilii Strain H97
Authors:Cai, Xi (1); He, Teng-Xia (1); Ye, Qing (1); Li, Zhen-Lun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environments, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Zhen-Lun(lizhlun4740@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3314-3320
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Low temperatures and high pH generally inhibit bio-denitrification. Thus, it is important to explore psychrotrophic and alkali-resistant microorganisms for nitrogen degradation. This study mainly focused on the identification of an alkaliphilic strain and preliminary exploration of its denitrification characteristics. Based on morphological observations, phospholipid fatty acids and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain H97, which was isolated from the winter paddy field in Guizhou province, was identified as Pseudomonas monteilii. Till date, there were few reports about the denitrification characteristics of Pseudomonas monteilii. The effects of environmental factors such as temperature, inoculation quantity, C/N ratio, initial pH, and carbon source were investigated using simulated wastewater. The optimum conditions for nitrate and total nitrogen removal by H97 were: inoculum size 1.5&times;10<sup>6</sup> CFU&bull;(100 mL)<sup>-1</sup>; initial pH 9.0; C/N=15; 15&#8451;; and sodium succinate as the carbon source. The nitrate and total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 97.69% and 96.32%, respectively, at optimum conditions with an initial nitrate nitrogen concentration of 50.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The temperature experiments indicated that the optimal temperature for highest nitrogen removal efficiency was 15&#8451;, and that the strain H97 could survive in a wide range of 15-40&#8451;. Additionally, the nitrate and total nitrogen efficiencies at the initial pH value of 7.0-11.0 were 91.21% and 79.10%, respectively, and the denitrification capacity then decreased to 64.75% at the initial pH 12.0. These results indicated that strain H97 showed cold and alkali resistance, which suggests an application potential for the treatment of alkaline nitrogen polluted water in the southern winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Bacteria - Biodegradation - Denitrification - Efficiency - Fatty acids - Hypothermia - Nitrates - Phospholipids - RNA  - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:16S rRNA gene sequence - Alkaliphilic - Denitrification capacity - Morphological observations - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Phospholipid fatty acids - Pseudomonas monteilii - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 6.48e+01%, Percentage 7.91e+01%, Percentage 9.12e+01%, Percentage 9.63e+01%, Percentage 9.77e+01%, Volume 1.00e-04m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709265

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 338>

Accession number:20184305984376
Title:Short-term Mechanism of Warming-induced Stability for Organic Carbon in the Karst Plateau Soil
Authors:Tang, Guo-Yong (1); Zhang, Chun-Hua (1); Liu, Fang-Yan (1); Ma, Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming; 650233, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3391-3399
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Elucidating the mechanisms of warming-induced stability for soil organic C is one of the keys for evaluating the tendency of soil C sources/sinks in projected global warming models. Organic C densities in soil, and soil physical and biochemical fractions, under different warming scenarios in the Karst Plateau were investigated following a 4-yr continuous warming using infrared radiators, via density fractionation and acid hydrolysis. Six treatments were arranged: no warming (ambient temp, CK); symmetric warming (ambient+2.0&#8451; full year); and lowly, moderately, highly, and extremely asymmetric warming (ambient+2.5&#8451;/1.5&#8451;, 3.0&#8451;/1.0&#8451;, 3.5&#8451;/0.5&#8451;, and 4.0&#8451;/0&#8451; in winter-spring/summer-autumn seasons, respectively; LAW, MAW, HAW, and EAW). The moderately asymmetric warming was highly similar to a multi-year warming scenario in the study region. The results showed there were no significant differences in soil organic C densities in the surface layer (0-15 cm) among the warming treatments, with a range of 1.95 kg&bull;m<sup>-2</sup> to 2.02 kg&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, which is insignificantly different to the CK (1.94 kg&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>). There were no significant differences in the C density of light and heavy fractions, and the recalcitrant heavy-fraction among the warming treatments, and between the warming and no warming treatments. The average recalcitrant C density of the light fraction in the warming treatments was 1. 18 times higher than the CK, with a significantly higher recalcitrant C density of the light fraction in the symmetric warming, and lowly and moderately asymmetric warming treatments, compared to that of the CK. The recalcitrant C density and recalcitrant C index of the light fraction showed a tendency to decrease as the asymmetry of warming increased under the five warming scenarios. Warming had negligible effects on the organic C density in soil, and soil physical and biochemical fractions in the subsurface layer (15-30 cm). The results revealed that in the short-term, warming may increase the recalcitrance of non-protected C in the Karst Plateau soil. This is not necessarily an over- or underestimation of the effects of global warming on soil organic C density and the capacity of soil to protect C when subjected to symmetric warming, but may potentially overestimate the recalcitrance of organic C in the non-protected fraction of the surface layer (0-15 cm).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Global warming - Hydrolysis - Landforms - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Acid hydrolysis - Asymmetric warming - Carbon stability - Density fractionations - Karst Plateau - Symmetric warming
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.00e+00yr, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.50e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 3.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710068

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 339>

Accession number:20184305984361
Title:Evaluation of Advanced Nitrogen Removal from Coking Wastewater Using Sulfide Iron-containing Sludge as a Denitrification Electron Donor
Authors:Fu, Bing-Bing (1); Pan, Jian-Xin (1); Ma, Jing-De (1); Wang, Feng (1); Wu, Hai-Zhen (2); Wei, Chao-Hai (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Hai-Zhen(hzhwu2@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3262-3270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In general, it is difficult to reach the total nitrogen discharge standard in the effluent after municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. The problems hindering advanced denitrification include an unstable C/N ratio in the influent wastewater, increased hydraulic loading with increasing reflux ratio, reduced reaction kinetics, high energy consumption, and secondary pollution and high sludge yield resulting from addition of organic carbon sources. Therefore, deep denitrification with the advantages of energy savings and easy operation is urgently needed. To address these issues, chemical iron sulfide sludge, collected after the pretreatment of sulfur-containing industrial wastewater, was used as a solid-phase electron donor to perform advanced denitrification using autotrophic denitrifiers. In this study, the secondary biological effluent of coking wastewater was the influent for denitrification and the performance of denitrification, transformation of sulfide and iron in the sludge, and microbial community changes were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions and effect range of the technology for deep denitrification of wastewater were then calculated. When the concentrations of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N in the influent were (74.54&plusmn;0.57) and (1.11&plusmn;0.19) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the corresponding concentrations in the effluent were reduced to (2.78&plusmn;1.08) and (2.87&plusmn;0.71) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 h. The removal rate of TON (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N+NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) was as high as 90.0%, of which the reduction rate of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and the accumulation rate of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N were 12.06 and 7.74 mmol&bull;(L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. This study showed that the use of chemical sulfide iron sludge as an electron donor for deep denitrification is of practical importance, as it could simplify the subsequent treatment of sulfur- and iron-rich chemical sludge, finally reaching the goal of resource utilization.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Denitrification - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Energy conservation - Energy utilization - Industrial water treatment - Nitrogen oxides - Nitrogen removal - Organic carbon - Reaction kinetics  - Sulfur - Sulfur compounds - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Autotrophic denitrification - Coking wastewater - High energy consumption - Hydraulic retention time - Industrial wastewater treatment - Industrial wastewaters - Optimal reaction condition - Resource utilizations
Classification code:445.1.2  Water Treatment Techniques for Industrial Use - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 525.2  Energy Conservation - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%, Time 6.48e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711220

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 340>

Accession number:20184305984355
Title:Behavior and Mechanisms of Cd(Ⅱ) Adsorption from Water by Niobate-Modified Titanate Nanosheets
Authors:Kang, Li (1); Liu, Wen (2, 3); Liu, Xiao-Na (1); Liu, Hong-Fang (1); Li, Yi-Fei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China; (3) School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen; 518055, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Xiao-Na(liuxiaona82168@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3212-3221
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Niobate-modified titanate nanosheets (Nb-TNS) were synthesized through a hydrothermal method and used to remove Cd(&#8545;) from water. TEM and SEM characterizations indicated that the new nanocomposites were non-curled nanosheets. XRD showed that the material was composed of sodium tri-titanate and niobate, and titanate was the primary component. Ion exchange between Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> in the interlayers of the Nb-TNSs was the dominant mechanism for Cd(&#8545;) adsorption, leading to good adsorption performance. The material exhibited rapid adsorption kinetics for Cd(&#8545;), reaching equilibrium within 60 min, and the data fit well with the pseudo-second order model (R<sup>2</sup>=1). The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(&#8545;) was 287. 9 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, according to the Langmuir isotherm model, which was larger than that of most of traditional adsorbents. Higher pH promoted adsorption because the negatively charged material could capture Cd(&#8545;) cations more easily. Co-existing inorganic ions (Na<sup>+</sup>and Ca<sup>2+</sup>) were unfavorable to the adsorption of Cd(&#8545;) by Nb-TNS owing to the competition for adsorption sites. In addition, a slight inhibition effect on the adsorption in the presence of humic acid (HA) was found. Cd(&#8545;) was efficiently desorbed from Nb-TNS after HNO<inf>3</inf> treatment, and -ONa sites were restored with NaOH treatment. Considering its simple synthesis method, high removal efficiency for heavy metals, and good reusability, Nb-TNS is a promising material for remediation of areas contaminated by heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Niobium compounds
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Heavy metals - Ion exchange - Ions - Isotherms - Nanosheets - Reusability - Sodium hydroxide
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption performance - Langmuir isotherm models - Niobates - Pseudo-second order model - Reuse - TEM and SEM characterizations - Titanate - Traditional adsorbents
Classification code:531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 761  Nanotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 933  Solid State Physics
Numerical data indexing:Time 3.60e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706108

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 341>

Accession number:20184305984365
Title:Effects of Gas/Water Ratio on the Characteristics of Nitrogen Removal and the Microbial Community in Post Solid-Phase Denitrification Biofilter Process
Authors:Zhang, Qian (1); Ji, Fang-Ying (2); Fu, Xu-Fang (1); Chen, Qing-Kong (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing; 400054, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400045, China; (3) School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing; 400074, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3297-3305
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To solve the problems of high-energy consumption, complex processes, and low nitrogen removal efficiency in the currently available low carbon source wastewater treatment processes, a novel coagulation sedimentation/post solid-phase denitrification biofilter process (CS-BAF-SPDB) was proposed. The effect of gas/water ratio on nitrogen removal efficiency of the CS-BAF-SPDB was studied. The changes in the microbial community structure along the varying gas/water ratio were investigated, and the functional bacteria were identified using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The results showed that, to realize favorable nitrifying and denitrifying performance simultaneously in the BAF-SPDB unit, the gas/water ratio of the BAF should be set at 4: 1. In addition, the influence of the macro operational parameters on the performance of the BAF and SPDB had a direct relationship with the dynamic changes in the micro microbial community. The influence of gas/water ratio on nitrification performance in the BAF was mainly embodied in the changes of composition, amount, and activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria Candidatus and Nitrospira defluvii and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria Nitrosomonas sp. Nm47, whereas that on denitrification performance in the SPDB was mainly embodied in the changes of composition and amount of solid carbon substrate degrading denitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas sp. and Myxobacterium AT3-03 and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria Dechloromonas agitate, Comamonas granuli, and Rubrivivax gelatinosus.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biodegradation - Biofilters - Carbon - Denitrification - Electrophoresis - Energy utilization - Gases - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal  - Polymerase chain reaction - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Microbial communities - Microbial community structures - Nitrogen removal efficiency - PCR-DGGE - Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoreses (PCR-DGGE) - Solid carbon sources - Solid-phase - Wastewater treatment process
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 342>

Accession number:20184305984338
Title:Characteristics and Sources of Dissolved Heavy Metals in Summer Precipitation of Taiyuan City, China
Authors:Ye, Ai-Ling (1); Cheng, Ming-Chao (1); Zhang, Lu (1); He, Qiu-Sheng (1); Guo, Li-Li (1); Wang, Xin-Ming (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510630, China 
Corresponding author:He, Qiu-Sheng(heqs@tyust.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3075-3081
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the characteristics and sources of dissolved heavy metals in precipitation of Taiyuan, 61 precipitation samples were collected using an automated dry and wet sampler from 2013 to 2015 during summertime. The concentrations of 12 dissolved heavy metals were detected using ICP-MS, and wet deposition fluxes and sources were analyzed. The results showed that the pH ranged from 4.34 to 7.95, with a volume-weighted mean of 5.37. The mean concentration of the dissolved heavy metals was 236.931 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with a range of 66.324 to 1 029.212 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Zn and Fe were the major components, together accounting for 53.39% of the total concentrations. The wet deposition fluxes of the 12 dissolved heavy metals reached 1. 735 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The enrichment factors of Ba, Cu, Sr, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb were all in excess of 100, suggesting that these metals were seriously influenced by anthropogenic activities. Results from positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated that steel smelting emissions, coal combustion, vehicle emissions, and crustal dusts were the major sources of heavy metals in the precipitation of Taiyuan City, with average contributions of 38.34%, 23.06%, 20.45%, and 18.15%, respectively. According to backward trajectory analysis, air masses from the southwest and southeast directions contributed the most to precipitation during summer in Taiyuan, with percentages of 38 and 35, respectively. The southern industrial areas located in the Yuncheng-Linfen-Jinzhong and Jincheng-Changzhi-Jinzhong regions should be paid more attention.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Smelting
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Deposition - Dissolution - Factorization - Heavy metals - Matrix algebra - Precipitation (chemical)
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic activity - Backward trajectory - Backward trajectory analysis - Positive Matrix Factorization - Precipitation samples - Summer precipitation - Taiyuan - Volume-weighted means
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 533.2  Metal Refining - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 921  Mathematics - 921.1  Algebra
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.37e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.92e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.81e+01%, Percentage 2.04e+01%, Percentage 2.31e+01%, Percentage 3.83e+01%, Percentage 5.34e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 343>

Accession number:20184305984375
Title:Soil Organic Carbon Components and Their Correlation with Soil Physicochemical Factors in Four Different Land Use Types of the Northern Tarim Basin
Authors:An, Shen-Qun (1, 2); Gong, Lu (1, 2); Li, Yang-Mei (1, 2); Chen, Xin (1, 2); Sun, Li (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi; 830046, China 
Corresponding author:Gong, Lu(gonglu721@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3382-3390
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to clarify the distribution of each component of soil organic carbon (SOC) in arid areas, and to develop methods to rationally solve problems caused by inefficient land use and blind tillage, we studied the effects of different land use patterns on the SOC, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon carbon (DOC), and easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC) on four different land use types: saline soil, natural forest, sandy land, and 30 a cotton field in the northern Tarim Basin. The relationships between different carbon components and soil physicochemical factors were researched by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that the SOC showed the highest value (1.92 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) in natural forests and increased with soil depth, while the other land use types showed a downward trend as a whole. The MBC showed the highest level in natural forests, and decreased with soil depth, but there was no obvious change trends in other land use types. The highest and lowest DOC contents appeared in the 80-100 cm layer (143.23 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 30.00 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively) in the natural forest and 30 a cotton field, respectively, and increased with soil depth in the natural forest (P&lt;0.05). In the saline soil, the DOC content of the soil decreased with increased depth, and the contents of different soil layers showed significant differences (P&lt;0.05). The EOC content did not show a obvious regularity in different soil layers of different land use types. Sensitivity analysis of each organic carbon component showed that the MBC was the most sensitive to soil layer changes, and the DOC was the most sensitive to different land use patterns. The MBC has a certain indication of soil layer change, which may be due to the fact that microbial biomass C in different layers has different living environments, so the content was significantly different. The DOC has a certain indication of land use types change, which may be due to the adaptation to different situations. Through the RDA, it was found that there was a positive correlation between soil components and soil water content (SWC), total nitrogen (TN) and pH, and a negative relationship between bulk density (BD) and electrical conductivity (EC). The order of importance of environmental factors to the contents of carbon components is as follows: BD&gt;SWC&gt;EC&gt;TN&gt;pH. This indicates that bulk density and water content are the main factors affecting organic carbon components in arid regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Cotton - Factor analysis - Forestry - Land reclamation - Organic carbon - Sensitivity analysis - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Different land use types - Dissolved organic carbon - Electrical conductivity - Land use type - Microbial biomass carbon - Physico-chemical factors - Reclamation areas - Redundancy analysis (RDA)
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2  Land Reclamation - 443  Meteorology - 444  Water Resources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 8.00e-01m to 1.00e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711090

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 344>

Accession number:20184305984344
Title:Pollution Levels and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals from Atmospheric Deposition in Nanjing
Authors:Tian, Chun-Hui (1); Yang, Ruo-Zhu (1); Yilihamu, Gulizhaer (1); Qian, Xin (1); Wang, Jin-Hua (1); Li, Hui-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Hui-Ming(valen222@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3118-3125
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the pollution levels of and risk from heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition of different functional urban districts, dust samples were collected from 20 sampling sites in typical industrial, traffic, residential, and educational districts of Nanjing. The concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn were analyzed. The potential ecological risk and health risk were evaluated using the potential ecological risk index and U. S. EPA's health risk assessment models. Enrichment factors, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis were used to analyze the sources of heavy metals. Results showed that the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were the highest in the industrial district and the concentrations of Ba, Ni, Ti, and V were the highest in the traffic district. The value of the potential ecological risk index was the highest in the industrial district and lowest in the educational district. Meanwhile, the ecological risk of Cr was the highest, achieving a moderate ecological hazard level. None of the studied heavy metals had noncarcinogenic risk or carcinogenic risk, according to the results of health risk assessment. Source analysis indicated that heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition from the study areas were mainly from traffic and industrial activities, coal combustion, natural process and life sources.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Atmospheric chemistry - Coal combustion - Deposition - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Metal analysis - Meteorological problems - Principal component analysis  - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric depositions - Correlation analysis - Ecological risks - Industrial activities - Industrial districts - Nanjing cities - Noncarcinogenic risk - Potential ecological risk
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709120

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 345>

Accession number:20184305984349
Title:Succession Characteristics of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors in Dianshan Lake, Shanghai
Authors:Yang, Li (1, 2); Zhang, Wei (1, 2, 3); Shang, Guang-Xia (1, 2); Zhang, Jun-Yi (4); Wang, Li-Qing (1, 2, 3); Wei, Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrient (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (3) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (4) Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Centre Station, Wuxi; 214023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Wei(weizhang@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3158-3167
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dianshan Lake, a subtropical shallow lake, is one of the main drinking water sources of Shanghai City. In order to explore the characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups (PFGs) and their relationships with environmental factors in Dianshan Lake, phytoplankton and water samples collected from January 2015 to December 2016 were characterized. Results suggested that there were 26 PFGs during our study period. The biomasses of 15 PFGs (B, C, D, F, G, H1, J, Lo, M, MP, P, W1, W2, X1, and X2) were dominant and had marked annual succession patterns: D/C&rarr;Lo/C/MP&rarr;MP/J/P/W1&rarr;P in 2015 and P&rarr;W2/Lo&rarr;W2/G/M/H1&rarr;P in 2016. To elucidate the relationships of PFGs with the environmental factors, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was conducted. Results showed that water level fluctuation (WLF), dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature (WT), total phosphorus (TP), electrical conductivity (EC), transparency (SD), and total nitrogen (TN) were the main impact factors associated with the composition variations of PFGs in Dianshan Lake. From this study, it is proposed that the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and WLF on the PFGs in Dianshan Lake should be paid more attention.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - Functional groups - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Phytoplankton - Potable water - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Canonical Correspondence Analysis - Composition variation - Drinking water sources - Electrical conductivity - Environmental factors - Subtropical shallow lakes - Succession characteristics - Water-level fluctuation
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710030

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 346>

Accession number:20184305984339
Title:Characteristics of and Factors Affecting Atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> Concentration in Hangzhou
Authors:Pu, Jing-Jiao (1); Xu, Hong-Hui (1); Jiang, Yu-Jun (1); Du, Rong-Guang (2); Qi, Bing (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Meteorological Science Institute, Hangzhou; 310008, China; (2) Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou; 310051, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Hong-Hui(forsnow@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3082-3089
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In situ measurement of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration(volume fraction) was carried out in both urban and rural areas of Hangzhou from August 2015 to September 2016. The characteristics of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration at the urban site were compared to those at the rural site, and the factors affecting CO<inf>2</inf> concentration in Hangzhou were analyzed via wind direction, weekday-weekend difference in CO<inf>2</inf> concentration, and evolution of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration during the G20 summit. The results revealed that the diurnal variation of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration in both the urban and rural areas presented a single peak curve most of the time, which resulted from the daily evolution of plant photosynthesis/respiration and atmospheric transport conditions. The diurnal variation of the difference in CO<inf>2</inf> concentration observed at the urban and rural sites showed a bimodal peak curve, because anthropogenic emissions played a more important role. The diurnal amplitude of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration in rural area was higher than that in urban area in spring and summer, but lower in autumn. The seasonal variation of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration in both the urban and rural areas showed the same trend, with higher values appearing in winter and spring and lower values in summer. The difference in CO<inf>2</inf> concentration observed at the urban and rural sites reached its highest level in winter, and dropped to its lowest in summer. The wind direction induction of high CO<inf>2</inf> concentration was consistent with the location of the surrounding urban areas. A weekday-weekend difference in CO<inf>2</inf> concentration was observed in Hangzhou, especially in urban area, as traffic emissions had an impact on the weekday-weekend difference in diurnal distribution of CO<inf>2</inf> concentration. The average volume fraction of CO<inf>2</inf> in urban area of Hangzhou was 9.3&times;10<sup>-6</sup> higher than that in rural area, and the reduction of anthropogenic emissions during the G20 summit reduced the atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentration effectively, especially in urban area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Urban growth
Controlled terms:Atmospheric movements - Carbon dioxide - Particulate emissions - Rural areas - Urban transportation - Volume fraction
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic emissions - Atmospheric transport - Diurnal distributions - Hangzhou - Influence factor - Urban and rural areas - Urban and rural sites - Urban areas
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 432  Highway Transportation - 433  Railroad Transportation - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708258

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 347>

Accession number:20184305984377
Title:Effects of Boron Treatment on Arsenic Uptake and Efflux in Rice Seedlings
Authors:Zhu, Yi (1); Sun, Guo-Xin (2); Chen, Zheng (3); Hu, Ying (2); Zheng, Rui-Lun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Research &amp; Development Center for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Department of Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou; 215123, China 
Corresponding author:Zheng, Rui-Lun(zhengruilun@grass-env.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3400-3408
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The impacts of boron (B) root application and foliar spray on arsenic (As) uptake, translocation, and efflux by/in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. ) were investigated in three hydroponic experiments. The addition of B to culture medium did not alter concentrations of arsenite (As[&#8546;]), arsenate (As[&#8548;]), and total As, nor did it alter transfer coefficients or uptake efficiency of As in rice seedlings under either As(&#8546;) or As(&#8548;) exposure. Foliar B supply increased shoot B concentrations 15. 8-fold, and decreased root As concentrations and As uptake efficiency by 20.9% and 18.0% under As(&#8548;) treatment, and by 12.6% and 13.8% under As(&#8546;) treatment, respectively, yet did not significantly decrease shoot As concentrations (P&gt;0.05). Interestingly, foliar B supply reduced root B concentrations by up to 47.1% under exposure to As(&#8548;) but not As(&#8546;), and corresponding root B concentrations were 85.3% higher in As(&#8548;) treatment than in As(&#8546;) treatment on average (P&lt;0.05). Both total As and As(&#8548;) concentrations were positively related to B concentration in rice roots under As(&#8548;) treatment following foliar B supply (P&lt;0.05). Rice seedlings extruded 105.2% more As after As(&#8546;)-pretreatment than after As(&#8548;)-pretreatment. Foliar B supply increased the amount of As excreted by As(&#8546;)-pretreated rice root by 14.0%-16.9% (P&gt;0.05), and had no effect on the As efflux of As(&#8548;)-pretreatment seedlings. A range of 45.9%-70.7% of root As was excreted to solution during one week. These results indicate that the root application of B at four times the concentration of As can slightly decrease As accumulation by rice, whereas foliar B supply is conducive to a decline in As acquisition by rice roots. It is likely that the B channel is at least not the main pathway for As(&#8546;) entering into rice roots, and the As(&#8548;) distribution mechanism in rice plants may be shared with that of B.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Efficiency
Controlled terms:Arsenic - Boron
Uncontrolled terms:Arsenate - Arsenite - Efflux - Rice - Uptake
Classification code:549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.05e+02%, Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.38e+01%, Percentage 1.80e+01%, Percentage 2.09e+01%, Percentage 4.59e+01% to 7.07e+01%, Percentage 4.71e+01%, Percentage 8.53e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712177

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 348>

Accession number:20184305984351
Title:Effects of Algal Blooms and Their Degradation on the Sediment-water Micro-interface
Authors:Wang, Yong-Ping (1); Xie, Rui (1); Chao, Jian-Ying (2); Ji, Chang-Hui (1); Yu, Jian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing; 210029, China; (2) Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing; 210042, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3179-3186
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Effects of algal blooms and their degradation on the sediment-water micro-interface under conditions of disturbance and darkness were investigated. The concentration of chlorophyll a in water was determined via the acetone method, profiles of oxygen near the interface were measured using a microelectrode, and profiles of nutrients and metals in sediments were measured at the millimeter level. The results showed that algal bloom degradation at the sediment-water micro-interface decreased the concentration of oxygen and affected nutrient and metal profiles, at depths over approximately 3 mm. Disturbance played an important role in algal bloom degradation and early diagenesis processes of nutrients, such as C and P, and metals, such as Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, and K. Darkness sped up algal bloom degradation and reduced the influence of disturbance. Under control conditions of no disturbance nor algae, and supplied with enough light, a layer of benthic algae appeared at the sediment surface, whose photosynthesis produced oxygen and greatly changed the microenvironment. This brought about significant differences in the concentrations of nearly all nutrients and metals in the surficial sediment compared with those of other treatments. Correlation analyses showed that the vertical variability of sediment P concentration was most strongly related to sediment Mn, followed by sediment C. The results of this high-resolution research showed that algal bloom degradation had an effect on the sediment-water micro-interface at the millimeter level.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Surficial sediments
Controlled terms:Acetone - Algae - Degradation - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Metals - Microelectrodes - Nutrients - Oxygen
Uncontrolled terms:Algal blooms - Correlation analysis - Early diagenesis - Microenvironments - Millimeter levels - Oxygen profiles - Sediment nutrients - Sediment surface
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Size 3.00e-03m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710029

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 349>

Accession number:20184305984333
Title:Characteristics and Source Analysis of Carbonaceous Components of PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Autumn in the Northern Suburb of Nanjing
Authors:Xu, Zu-Fei (1); Cao, Fang (1); Gao, Song (2); Bao, Meng-Ying (1); Shi, Yi-Fan (3); Zhang, Yan-Lin (1); Liu, Xiao-Yan (1); Fan, Mei-Yi (1); Zhang, Wen-Qi (1); Bian, Hang (1); Liu, Shou-Dong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Electric Power Company Research Institute, Nanjing; 210000, China; (3) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Cao, Fang(caofangle@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3033-3041
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected from October to November of 2015 in the northern suburb of Nanjing. The mass concentrations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and levoglucosan in the samples were analyzed by thermal optical transmittance (TOT) and ion chromatography. The average concentrations of OC and EC were respectively (11.3&plusmn;4.9) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (1.1&plusmn;0.9) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The average total carbon (TC) was 22.9%, and the OC/EC was 7.4. The quality concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OC, EC, and SOC all reflected daytime features, and the correlation between OC and EC was better during the day than at night (correlation coefficients of 0.86 for day and 0.7 for night). By analyzing the mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, levoglucosan, and SOC, as well as the data of backward trajectories and fire point data, it was determined that the northern suburb of Nanjing is affected by the long-distance transportation of biomass from Hebei and other places from October 13-16. The correlations between levoglucosan and OC, EC, or SOC were significant (correlation coefficients of 0.78, 0.79, and 0.65, respectively), and the contribution of biomass combustion during sampling to OC was 21.9%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Biomass - Combustion - Ion chromatography - Mass transportation - Thermal conductivity
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Biomass-burning - Carbonaceous components - Correlation coefficient - Elemental carbon - Levoglucosan - PM2.5 - Thermal-optical transmittance
Classification code:641.1  Thermodynamics - 801  Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.19e+01%, Percentage 2.29e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711243

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 350>

Accession number:20184305984334
Title:Comparison of Chemical Components Characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> Between Haze and Clean Periods During Summertime in Lin'an
Authors:Liang, Lin-Lin (1); Sun, Jun-Ying (1); Zhang, Yang-Mei (1); Liu, Chang (1); Xu, Wan-Yun (1); Zhang, Gen (1); Liu, Xu-Yan (2); Ma, Qian-Li (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather &amp; Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Lin'an Regional Atmosphere Background Station, Lin'an; 311307, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Jun-Ying(jysun@cma.gov.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3042-3050
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected at a background site of the Yangtze River Delta in China, during summertime, of which the carbonaceous components, i. e., OC and EC, and water-soluble inorganic ions, including sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, were quantified. The average concentrations of OC and EC in PM<inf>2.5</inf> during summer at Lin'an were (14.3&plusmn;3.95) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (3.33&plusmn;1.47) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Compared to an urban site, the correlation between OC and EC during summertime in Lin'an, which was a rural site, was relatively weak (R<sup>2</sup>=0.31, P&lt;0.01). The concentrations of secondary inorganic aerosols (sulfate as SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, nitrate as NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and ammonium as NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>) were much higher than those of other water-soluble inorganic ions, with average values of (8.70&plusmn;5.66), (2.04&plusmn;1.07), and (3.25&plusmn;2.29) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Based on long-term intensive observations, combined with the analysis of back trajectory and fire spots observations, it was revealed that regional transport and stable synoptic conditions both play important roles in controlling the variations in aerosol chemical components. During the transition from clean to hazy days, the EC and POC fractions showed no obvious variation; in contrast, the SOC fraction decreased obviously. Unlike for SOAs, relative contributions of sulfate and ammonia to PM<inf>2.5</inf> increased during hazy days, suggesting enhanced chemical production via other pathways for these two secondary inorganic ions, probably through heterogeneous reactions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Urban growth
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Ammonia - Atmospheric movements - Chemical analysis - Coastal zones - Ions - Nitrates - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Haze - Lin'an - Organic aerosol - PM2.5 - Water soluble inorganic ions
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201706249

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 351>

Accession number:20184305984091
Title:Removal of Typical Antibiotics During Aerobic Composting of Human Feces
Authors:Shi, Hong-Lei (1); Wang, Xiao-Chang (1); Li, Qian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) International Science &amp; Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3434-3442
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Aerobic composting experiments were conducted under three different temperatures (55&#8451;, 35&#8451;, and non-temperature-controlled) with human feces and sawdust as the compost material and bulky matrix respectively. Attention was paid to the effects of temperature on the removal of four typical antibiotics (tetracycline, chlortetracycline, sulfadiazine, and ciprofloxacin) during human feces aerobic composting. Furthermore, three specific experiments were conducted to identify the possible antibiotic degradation mechanisms in aqueous solution and during composting with moist sterile sawdust but without feces and composting with feces and moist sterile sawdust. The most effective removal of the four antibiotics was achieved through thermophilic composting (55&#8451;). At 55&#8451;, more than 90% of all the antibiotics were removed. The degradation of tetracycline and chlortetracycline was more temperature-dependent than that of sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin. Moreover, tetracycline and chlortetracycline removal was primarily through hydrolysis in moist environments. However, sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin removal was mainly attributed to adsorption by sawdust particles. The contribution of microbial action to antibiotic degradation was insignificant for all the antibiotics except ciprofloxacin. Up to 20% of this antibiotic was degraded by microbial action.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Antibiotics
Controlled terms:Composting - Degradation - Solutions - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic composting - Antibiotic degradation - Compost materials - Effective removals - Effects of temperature - Human feces - Moist environment - Temperature dependent
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711182

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 352>

Accession number:20184305984372
Title:Occurrence and Distribution of Phthalate Esters in Urban Soils of Chongqing City
Authors:Yang, Zhi-Hao (1); He, Ming-Jing (1, 2); Yang, Ting (1); Lu, Jun-Feng (1); Wei, Shi-Qiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Research, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, Shi-Qiang(sqwei@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3358-3364
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In total, 66 soil samples were collected from five different urban functional areas in Chongqing, and the concentration levels of phthalate esters (PAEs) were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Meanwhile, the composition and characteristics of PAEs were discussed, along with their possible sources, through correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that the concentrations of &sum;PAEs ranged from 93.1-312 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> dry weight, which is at the low end of the worldwide figure. DEHP, DBP, and DIBP were the dominant compounds, contributing 87.4%-92.9% of the total &sum;PAEs. DEHP was the most abundant PAE congener, responsible for 52.4% of the total &sum;PAEs. Through correlation analysis, it was noted that PAEs with similar molecular weight were more likely to show a significant relationship with each other, which suggested that these PAEs may share a similar source. According to the principal component analysis, DBP, DIBP, and DEHP had a similar source, while BBP and DnOP strongly correlated with each other. Compared to other studies, relatively low PAE concentrations were apparently observed in this study, but the potential human risk via exposure to these compounds should also been considered.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Esters - High performance liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Pollution detection - Soil pollution - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Chongqing cities - Concentration levels - Correlation analysis - Functional areas - Occurrence and distribution - Phthalate ester - Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographies - UPLC Q-TOF MS
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801  Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.24e+01%, Percentage 8.74e+01% to 9.29e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711092

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 353>

Accession number:20184305984363
Title:Filamentous Sludge Microbial Community of a SBR Reactor Based on High-throughput Sequencing
Authors:Hong, Ying (1); Yao, Jun-Qin (1); Ma, Bin (2); Xu, Shuang (1); Zhang, Yan-Jiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Yao, Jun-Qin(yaojunqin@xju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3279-3285
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Samples were collected from a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to characterize the similarities and differences in microbial community composition in samples using Illumina high-throughput sequencing. The main objective of this study was to characterize changes in microbial community composition during filamentous sludge bulking and control processes. The SBR working volume was 11 L, and the reactors were operated for 399 days in total. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that rich diversity existed in the microbial communities of the seeding sludge. Generally, during sludge bulking, microbial composition decreased, and after the sludge was remediated, the diversity gradually increased. The dominant bacteria in the seeding sludge were Saprospiraceae_norank, Comamonadaceae_unclassified, and Tetrasphaera, comprising 13.37%, 10.54%, and 8.59% of the community, respectively. After culturing using sodium acetate as the sole carbon source, Thiothrix and Trichosporon increased significantly from the seeding to the bulking sludge, with ranges from 0.1% to 60.14% and from 19.60% to 94.82%, respectively. After the sludge bulking was controlled, the relative abundances of Thiothrix and Trichosporon were 0.1% and 2.32%, respectively. Therefore, we postulate that increases in filamentous Thiothrix and Trichosporon were the main cause for the sludge bulking.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Throughput
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Bacteria - Batch reactors - Sewage sludge - Sodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge bulking - Filamentous bacteria - Filamentous fungi - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial community structures
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.09e+00yr, Percentage 1.00e-01%, Percentage 1.00e-01% to 6.01e+01%, Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 1.34e+01%, Percentage 1.96e+01% to 9.48e+01%, Percentage 2.32e+00%, Percentage 8.59e+00%, Volume 1.10e-02m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710150

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 354>

Accession number:20184305984342
Title:Pollution Condition and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs in Fermentation Exhaust from Penicillin Production
Authors:Guo, Bin (1, 2); Yao, Rui-Jing (1, 2); Zhang, Shuo (1, 2); Ma, Lei (3); Kang, Hui (1, 2); Wang, Shan-Shan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang; 050018, China; (2) Hebei Research &amp; Development Center for Air Pollution Prevention and Control, Shijiazhuang; 050018, China; (3) Hebei Environmental Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang; 050037, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3102-3109
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Penicillin is the most widely used and longest-lived antibiotic in the pharmaceutical industry. It belongs to the bio-fermentation chass of drugs, with a large amount of fermentation exhaust containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the process of penicillin production, which have a serious impact on the environment. In this study, the pollution characteristics of the fermented exhaust are studied by using investigation and testing the souces of the pollution and via a health risk assessment model. The main results show that 23 kinds of VOCs were detected in the penicillin fermentation exhaust. The main pollutants included vinyl acetate trifluorotrichloroethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, and methylene chloride. In the heating stage, holding stage, cooling stage, and fermentation stage, the proportion of chlorinated hydrocarbons was the highest, followed by esters, and the total amount of these two kinds of substances accounted for more than 90% of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). Using the model of health risk assessment, the noncarcinogenic risk value of the total fermented exhaust was 4.98&times;10<sup>-5</sup>, which estimating the risk value by concentration gradient expansion is much lower than the maximum acceptable level (5&times;10<sup>-5</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>) recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP), which will not cause certain non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population. VOCs in fermentation exhaust also have carcinogenic effects on human beings. The main health hazards to humans are 1, 3-butadiene, dichloromethane, methyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and 1, 1-dichloroethane.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Dichloromethane - Drug products - Fermentation - Gas chromatography - Health - Health hazards - Health risks - Pollution - Radiation protection - Risk perception  - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorinated hydrocarbon - Concentration gradients - Impact on the environment - International Commission - Penicillin fermentations - Penicillin production - Pharmaceutical industry - Total volatile organic compounds
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201611107

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 355>

Accession number:20184305984340
Title:Treatment Status and Emission Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds from Typical Industrial Sources
Authors:Jing, Sheng-Ao (1); Wang, Hong-Li (1); Zhu, Hai-Lin (1, 2); Yang, Qiang (3); Lu, Bin (3); Xia, Yang (3); Yu, Chuan-Guan (4); Tao, Shi-Kang (1); Li, Li (1); Lou, Sheng-Rong (1); Huang, Cheng (1); Tang, Wei (3); Jing, Bao-Li (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (2) Department of Environmental Science &amp; Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai; 200433, China; (3) Hangzhou Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (4) Environmental Monitoring Station of Chun'an County, Hangzhou; 311700, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Hong-Li(wanghl@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3090-3095
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The status of treatment equipment, the emission characteristics, and the ozone formation potential (OFP) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for 11 typical enterprises, which were categorized into the 8 major VOC emission industries identified by the emission inventory of a typical city in the Yangtze River Delta, are discussed in this paper. There was a large difference in the removal efficiency of non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) between different treatment techniques, and even an increase in concentration occurred after some of the treatments. The current treatment equipment for VOCs needs further optimization. The emissions of NMHC, benzene, toluene, and xylene in most of the surveyed enterprises exceeded their corresponding standards, with toluene the worst offender. The most abundant compounds in the eight emission industries were aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated VOCs, whereas aromatic hydrocarbons contributed the most to ozone formation potential. There were large differences in emission characteristics of VOCs from different industries. Priority should be placed on the industries that have large OFP when control strategies of VOCs are considered.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbons - Mineral oils - Ozone - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Benzene , toluene , and xylenes - Different treatments - Emission characteristics - Emission inventories - Non-methane hydrocarbons - Ozone formation potentials - Removal efficiencies - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709267

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 356>

Accession number:20184305984373
Title:Profile Distribution of Paddy Soil Organic Carbon and Its Influencing Factors in Chengdu Plain
Authors:Li, Shan (1); Li, Qi-Quan (1); Wang, Chang-Quan (1); Zhang, Hao (1); Xiao, Yi (1); Tang, Jia-Ling (1); Dai, Tian-Fei (2); Li, Yi-Ding (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu; 611130, China; (2) Chengdu Soil Fertilizer Test Center, Chengdu; 610041, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Qi-Quan(liqq@lreis.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3365-3372
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Understanding the effects of environmental factors on the profile distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is a base to accurately modeling the continuous change of SOC in vertical and three-dimensional spatial distributions, as well as precisely estimating SOC storage. Based on 171 soil profiles collected from Chengdu Plain, the effects of environmental factors (including the parent material, soil type, elevation, distance from river, and land use) on the profile distribution of paddy SOC to a depth of 1 m were evaluated through the exponential decay function. The results indicated that SOC was estimated at 19.42, 9.59, 5.99, and 5.20 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> at depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, and 60-100cm, respectively, showing a significant decrease with increased depth. Soil organic carbon was mainly concentrated above a 40 cm soil depth, accounting for 72.17% of the total profile, which could be crucial to studying the carbon source/sink of paddy soils in Chengdu Plain. The parameters of the exponential decay function had a similar spatial pattern, indicating their spatial dependence. The nugget coefficients for C and k were 55.400% and 47.671%, respectively, indicating that paddy SOC in the study area was affected by both structural and random factors. Regression analysis implied that the parent material and soil genius were the dominant factors influencing the profile distribution of SOC. Nevertheless, elevation, distance from river, and land use should also be taken into consideration. It has been concluded that the parent material and soil genius should be premeditated when fitting the vertical distribution of SOC, modeling the three-dimensional prediction of soil organic carbon, and estimating soil carbon storage in the paddy soils of Chengdu Plain.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Decay (organic) - Exponential functions - Land use - Landforms - Organic carbon - Regression analysis - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Chengdu - Exponential decay functions - Influencing factors - Profile - Soil organic carbon
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.77e+01%, Percentage 5.54e+01%, Percentage 7.22e+01%, Size 1.00e+00m, Size 4.00e-01m, Size 6.00e-01m to 1.00e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711140

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 357>

Accession number:20184305984346
Title:pCO<inf>2</inf> in the Main Rivers of the Three Gorges Reservoir and Its Influencing Factors
Authors:Luo, Jia-Chen (1, 2); Mao, Rong (1); Li, Si-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing; 400714, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Si-Yue(syli2006@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3134-3141
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An extensive investigation on the main tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) region was conducted in autumn (Oct. 2015), with focuses on riverine CO<inf>2</inf> partial pressure (pCO<inf>2</inf>) and its associated controls. Our results indicated that pCO<inf>2</inf> in the main rivers of the TGR region ranged from 18.75 to 296.31 Pa, with a mean value of (141.06&plusmn;77.51) Pa in the autumn, which was much higher than the atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentration. Therefore, the studied rivers acted as an atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> source, and the mean CO<inf>2</inf>emission rate to the atmosphere was estimated at (101.1&plusmn;78.0) mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. The highest and lowest values were (131.9&plusmn;101.8) and (70.3&plusmn;54.3) mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. pCO<inf>2</inf> in the main rivers of the TGR area was significantly related to DO, pH, and bicarbonate. Furthermore, the biogeochemical process of within-river respiration of organic carbon rather than photosynthesis resulted in negative relationships between pCO<inf>2</inf> and DO or pH because of the high velocities and short residence time in these mountainous rivers and streams. Our results will help to accurately develop the carbon budget for the rivers of the Three Gorges Region.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Budget control - Carbon dioxide - Organic carbon - Phase interfaces
Uncontrolled terms:Biogeochemical process - Carbon cycles - CO2 concentration - CO2 fluxes - Rivers and streams - Three Gorges Region - Three gorges reservoir - Water gas
Classification code:801.4  Physical Chemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Pressure 1.88e+01Pa to 2.96e+02Pa
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711098

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 358>

Accession number:20184305984336
Title:Aerosol Optical Properties and Light Absorption Enhancement of EC During Wintertime in Nanjing
Authors:Huang, Cong-Cong (1, 2); Ma, Yan (1, 2); Zheng, Jun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Yan(my_nj@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3057-3066
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A three-wavelength photoacoustic soot spectrometer (PASS-3) was employed for real-time online measurement of aerosol optical properties and light absorption enhancement of EC together with chemical composition analysis in the northern suburb of Nanjing during January 1-19, 2016. The average aerosol absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient, and single scattering albedo at 532 nm during the observation period were (64. 19&plusmn;35. 28) Mm<sup>-1</sup>, (454.68&plusmn;238.71) Mm<sup>-1</sup>, and 0.87&plusmn;0.03, respectively, and showed clear diurnal variation, mainly affected by planetary boundary layer height and PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration. The mass absorption cross section (MAC) showed an increasing trend during the observation period, consistent with the trend of variation in ratios between non-EC and EC components, resulting from the difference in relative percentage of secondary materials and coating thickness under different pollution conditions. The estimated light absorption enhancement, denoted E<inf>MAC</inf>, was calculated based on the change in MAC. The campaign-averaged E<inf>MAC</inf> at 405, 532, and 781 nm were 1.53&plusmn;0. 56, 1.34&plusmn;0.47, and 1.14&plusmn;0.40, respectively, showing a decrease with increasing wavelength, suggesting the contribution of brown carbon (BrC). All non-EC components showed linear correlation with E<inf>MAC</inf>, with the most significant correlation between OC/EC and E<inf>MAC</inf>, indicating that an increase in organics was likely the main contributor to light absorption enhancement in our study. In addition, the high correlation of K<sup>+</sup>/EC and E<inf>MAC</inf> revealed the contribution of biomass burning.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Light absorption
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Boundary layer flow - Boundary layers - Chemical analysis - Coatings - Optical properties - Thickness measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption enhancement - Aerosol optical property - Chemical composition analysis - Coating material - Element carbons - Planetary boundary layers - Scattering co-efficient - Single scattering albedo
Classification code:631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 741.1  Light/Optics - 813.2  Coating Materials - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Size 5.32e-07m, Size 7.81e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711221

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 359>

Accession number:20184305984347
Title:Major Ionic Features and Their Possible Controls in the Surface Water and Groundwater of the Jinghe River
Authors:Kou, Yong-Chao (1); Hua, Kun (1); Li, Zhou (1); Li, Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Zhi(lizhibox@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3142-3149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the hydrochemical characteristics of tributaries of the Jinghe River (Heihe River Basin) and their controlling factors, from 2014 to 2015, 242 samples of surface water and groundwater were collected during the dry and flood seasons from the Jinghe River. After determining the main water chemical ion content by comprehensively using correlation analysis, Piper three-line graphs, and Gibbs graph, the spatiotemporal changes in the hydrochemical characteristics of the Heihe River Basin were analyzed. The results showed that all the water samples in the study area were weakly alkaline. In the dry season of 2014, the cations in the surface water and groundwater were mostly Na<sup>+</sup>, accounting for 56% and 58% of the total cations, respectively. The anions were mainly SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, accounting for 33% and 39% of the total anions, respectively. In the other three periods, the main cation and anion components were HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup>, accounting for 44%-46% and 42%-56% of the corresponding totals, respectively. In the dry season, the TDS of surface water and groundwater gradually increases along the river from upstream to downstream. From the dry season to the flood season, the hydrochemical types of the surface water changed from Na-Mg-Cl-SO<inf>4</inf> to Ca-Mg-HCO<inf>3</inf> and of the groundwater from Mg-Cl-SO<inf>4</inf> to Ca-Na-HCO<inf>3</inf>. Most of the water chemistry samples were distributed in the middle and upper parts of the Gibbs diagram, indicating that the formation of hydrated chemical ions in the basin was mainly affected by rock weathering and evaporation-enrichment. However, the effects of human activities on water chemistry were more significant in the dry season than in the flood season.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Calcium compounds - Chemical analysis - Chlorine compounds - Correlation methods - Drought - Floods - Graph theory - Groundwater - Hydrochemistry  - Ion sources - Magnesium compounds - Negative ions - Positive ions - Sodium compounds - Surface waters - Watersheds - Weathering
Uncontrolled terms:Controlling factors - Correlation analysis - Heihe river basin - Human activities - Hydrochemical characteristics - Rock weathering - Spatio-temporal changes - Surface water and groundwaters
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 481.2  Geochemistry - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 921.4  Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 932.1  High Energy Physics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.30e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01% to 5.60e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01% to 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.60e+01%, Percentage 5.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710202

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 360>

Accession number:20184305984330
Title:Spatial-Temporal Change Evolution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Typical Regions of China in Recent 20 Years
Authors:Luo, Yi (1, 2); Deng, Qiong-Fei (1, 2); Yang, Kun (1, 2); Yang, Yang (1, 2); Shang, Chun-Xue (3); Yu, Zhen-Yu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of GIS Technology in Western China of Ministry of Education, Kunming; 650500, China; (3) Academic Affairs Office, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming; 650500, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Kun(kmdcynu@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3003-3013
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two decades of PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution has seriously hindered China's sustainable development. However, relevant research of PM<inf>2.5</inf> has been hindered because of the lack of long-term historical monitoring data. Therefore, ground observations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration from 2013 to 2016 in four typical regions of China and the MODIS aerosol optical thickness data, boundary layer height, temperature, and other meteorological data from 2000 to 2016 were used as the basic data. A combined simulation model was constructed by combining the two algorithms of backward artificial neural network and support vector regression and obtains the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration history for the past 20 years using geospatial analysis technology. The results demonstrate that the combination model is better than the single model, with lower error and higher generalization ability. The spatial-temporal analysis results show that the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> continued to increase in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and in the three northeastern provinces of China, the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration decreased slowly in the Pearl River Delta, the pollution range of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in three of the research areas showed an expanding trend, and the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration and pollution range remained stable in the Yangtze River Delta. In 2012, the concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the four study areas decreased and the pollution range narrowed, but the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration rose slightly after that decline and the high pollution range narrowed during 2013-2016, which with the country to take PM<inf>2.5</inf> regional defense and other governance measures.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Boundary layer flow - Boundary layers - Meteorology - Neural networks - Water analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol optical thickness - Beijing-tianjin-hebei regions - Four typical regions - Geo-spatial analysis - PM2.5 - Spatial temporal analysis - Spatial-temporal changes - Support vector regression (SVR)
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 801  Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.00e+01yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709174

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 361>

Accession number:20184305984090
Title:Hair Mercury Concentrations in Residents of Fuling and Zhongxian in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region and Their Influence Factors
Authors:Cheng, Nan (1); Xie, Qing (1); Fan, Yu-Fei (1); Wang, Yong-Min (1, 2); Zhang, Cheng (1, 2); Wang, Ding-Yong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Research, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ding-Yong(dywang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3426-3433
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To evaluate the mercury (Hg) exposure risk for residents of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR), hair samples were collected from 238 local residents within the central regions of the TGRR (Fuling District and Zhongxian County) in this study. Subsequently, total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were determined. The results obtained showed that the average THg and MeHg concentrations in hair samples of the residents within these two areas were (0.50&plusmn;0.54) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and(0.35&plusmn;0.25) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Specifically, the average THg and MeHg concentrations in hair samples of Fuling residents were(0.71&plusmn;0.87) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and(0.53&plusmn;0.46) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Both these values were higher than those in hair samples of Zhongxian County residents [THg(0.41&plusmn;0.36) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and MeHg (0.28&plusmn;0.26) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>]. It is noteworthy that the hair Hg levels in residents of these two areas are both well below the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's reference dose (1 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>). Hair Hg levels varied slightly among different age groups; higher Hg levels were detected in residents in the age group of 40-50 years(P&lt;0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the hair Hg levels among genders(P&gt;0.05). Hair Hg levels in females were slightly above those in males. Hair Hg levels were significantly correlated with the frequency of fish consumption. Furthermore, hair Hg levels in non-fishermen were significantly lower than those in fishermen. An elevated mean value of (1.44&plusmn;0.79) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>(P&lt;0.01), which exceeds the RfD of 1 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, was detected in fishermen. Moreover, hair Hg levels in smokers of Fuling and Zhongxian County[(0.55&plusmn;0.24) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and (0.58&plusmn;0.54) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively] were both markedly higher than those in non-smokers[(0.51&plusmn;0.30) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and (0.36&plusmn;0.26) &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>respectively]. In conclusion, the risk of Hg exposure to residents of the TGRR was lower. However, in this study, it was determined that fishermen are at significant risk of Hg exposure.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Smoke
Controlled terms:Concentration (process) - Environmental Protection Agency - Mercury (metal) - Mercury compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Environmental Protection Agency's - Fish consumption - Hair mercury - Influencing factors - Local residents - Mercury exposure - Three Gorges Reservoir region - Total mercuries
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709044

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 362>

Accession number:20184305984332
Title:Analysis of Chemical Composition, Source and Evolution of Submicron Particles in Xianghe, Hebei Province
Authors:Jiang, Qi (1); Wang, Fei (2); Sun, Ye-Le (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Meteorological Centre, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Ye-Le(sunyele@mail.iap.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3022-3032
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Haze formation is closely related to the chemical composition of fine particles. An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM), aethalometer, etc. were used to investigate the chemical components, source, and evolution of submicron particles at Xianghe, a suburban site located between the megacities of Beijing and Tianjin from May 31 to June 30, 2013. The results suggest that the air quality in Xianghe has suffered severe deterioration, which is imminent to improve air quality and pollution. On average, PM<inf>1</inf> accounted for~71% of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf> distributed in 20-80 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> mainly. Organic aerosols had a high degree of oxidation. Significant straw burning events were observed during June 2013 in Xianghe. During the straw burning period, the mass concentration of PM<inf>1</inf> significantly increased and the mass fraction of organic aerosols in PM<inf>1</inf> rapidly increased to about 47%, on average. The contribution of nitrate was generally greater than that of other inorganic components. Affected by the straw burning events, the aerosol acidity turns from weak alkaline to weak acid. Positive matrix factorization was performed on the ACSM OA mass spectra, which identified two primary OA (POA), i. e., BBOA and HOA, and two secondary OA (SOA), i. e., LV-OOA and SV-OOA, factors. The SOAs dominated the OAs during the observation, contributing~69% of OAs. However, after the straw burning period was removed, the positive matrix factorization (PMF)results did not reveal biomass combustion organic aerosols.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Chemical speciation
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Air quality - Alkalinity - Chemical analysis - Combustion - Deterioration - Factorization - Mass spectrometry - Matrix algebra - Particles (particulate matter)
Uncontrolled terms:Analysis of chemical composition - Chemical compositions - Degree of oxidations - Inorganic components - Mass concentration - Organic aerosol - Positive Matrix Factorization - Sub-micron particles
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 801  Chemistry - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 921  Mathematics - 921.1  Algebra - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712083

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 363>

Accession number:20184305984354
Title:Degradation Mechanism of Tetracycline Using Fe/Cu Oxides as Heterogeneous Activators of Peroxymonosulfate
Authors:Li, Jing (1); Bao, Jian-Guo (1); Du, Jiang-Kun (1); Leng, Yi-Fei (1); Kong, Shu-Qiong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China 
Corresponding author:Bao, Jian-Guo(bjianguo@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3203-3211
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A green, highly efficient, and porous copper-ferrite heterogeneous catalyst (Fe-Cu-400) with good magnetism was synthesized via a coprecipitation method. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, BET, FESEM, and EDS. The performance of Fe-Cu-400 as a catalyst was evaluated by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for degradation of tetracycline (TC) in aqueous solution and investigating the influence of several water parameters. The Fe-Cu-400/PMS system showed a greater TC degradation ability, and the degradation rate of TC was enhanced with an increase in the PMS concentration and the initial pH of the coupled Fe-Cu-400/PMS system. Anions including H<inf>2</inf>PO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup>, HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> promoted TC degradation, whereas NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> showed a low inhibitory influence. In addition, Fe-Cu-400 exhibited excellent reusability towards activating PMS for TC degradation after five runs of tests. Possible mechanisms of the activation of PMS by Fe-Cu-400 and the main reactive species were proposed based on radical identification tests and XPS analysis. Furthermore, a potential degradation pathway was proposed that included hydrolysis and sequential removal of N-methyl, hydroxyl, and amine functional groups according to the results of LC-MS and TOC detections.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Iron oxides
Controlled terms:Activation analysis - Catalysis - Catalysts - Chemical activation - Copper alloys - Degradation - Ferrite - Magnetic materials - Reusability - Solutions
Uncontrolled terms:Amine functional groups - Coprecipitation method - Degradation mechanism - Degradation pathways - Heterogeneous catalyst - Peroxymonosulfate - Possible mechanisms - Tetracycline(TC)
Classification code:531.2  Metallography - 544.2  Copper Alloys - 708.4  Magnetic Materials - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709227

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 364>

Accession number:20184305984356
Title:Trace Amounts of Phosphorus Removal Based on the in-suit Oxidation Products of Iron or Manganese in a Biofilter
Authors:Cai, Yan-An (1); Bi, Xue-Jun (1); Zhang, Jia-Ning (1); Dong, Yang (1); Liu, Wen-Zhe (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao; 266033, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3222-3229
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to remove trace amounts of phosphorus from water bodies, a lab-scale biofilter was constructed to investigate the capacity of in situ oxidation products of iron or manganese for phosphorus adsorption. SEM, EDS, BET, and zeta technologies were employed to reveal the adsorption mechanisms. The results indicated that phosphorus could be removed by the oxide products generated from the iron or manganese removal process, at 106.28 &mu;g&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup> and 77.98 &mu;g&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, as shown by the linear relationships between phosphorus removal and the two oxides. SEM, EDS, and BET analysis demonstrated that the BET specific surface areas for the iron- and manganese-rich oxides were 96 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 67 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with the former accumulated between the pore spaces of the filtering sand and easily washed out of the layer by backwashing, whereas the latter coated the surface of the filtering sand. Thus, backwashing was favorable for phosphorus adsorption in the iron oxidation process to avoid overaccumulation. Moreover, the zero point of charge of the two oxides indicated electrostatic attraction may have occurred between iron-rich oxide and phosphorus; however, inner-sphere complex reactions obviously occurred for the two oxides because the zero point of charge after phosphorus adsorption decreased to a lower level. In addition, other anions were negatively complexed with the phosphorus on the surface of the oxides, it demonstrated that phosphorus adsorption on the surface of the two oxides seemed to be a specific adsorption.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Biofilters - Iron oxides - Oxidation - pH - Potable water - Surface waters
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption mechanism - BET specific surface area - Electrostatic attractions - Inner sphere complexes - Linear relationships - Phosphorus adsorption - Specific adsorption - Zero point of charge
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Specific_Surface_Area 6.70e+04m2/kg, Specific_Surface_Area 9.60e+04m2/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712248

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 365>

Accession number:20184305984345
Title:Contamination Levels and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Finer Particles of Urban Road Dust from Xi'an, China
Authors:Shi, Dong-Qi (1, 2, 3); Lu, Xin-Wei (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an; 710119, China; (2) National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Geography, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an; 710119, China; (3) School of Geography and Environment, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji; 721013, China 
Corresponding author:Lu, Xin-Wei(luxinwei@snnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3126-3133
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Road dust samples were collected from four different functional areas in Xi'an City, i. e., an educational area, a residential area, a park area, and a traffic area, to study the influence of intensive human activities on local urban environmental quality. The contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, V, Mn, and Ni in the smaller than 63 &mu;m road dust particles were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and the pollution levels of these metals were assessed by a geoaccumulation index and a pollution loading index. The possible sources of heavy metals measured in the dusts were identified by multivariate statistical analysis methods, including correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis, and the contributions of each source to heavy metals in the dusts were apportioned by a principal component analysis-multiple linear regression receptor model. The results showed that the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, V, Mn, and Ni in the smaller than 63 &mu;m road dust particles of urban road dust from Xi'an ranged 14.2-96.9, 23.5-206.1, 20.0-899.4, 122.7-262.8, 7.9-14.2, 48.7-71.5, 274.0-448.9, and 22.4-62.5 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with averages of 46.6, 97.4, 169.2, 177.5, 9.8, 57.1, 337.6, and 29.3 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Compared to the element background values of Shaanxi soil, the finer particles of road dust from Xi'an had elevated contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr. The finer particles of road dust from Xi'an were unpolluted by Co, V, Mn, and Ni; unpolluted to moderately polluted by Cr, Cu, and Zn; and moderately polluted by Pb. The assessment results of comprehensive pollution indicated that the pollution levels of the heavy metals in the dusts were mainly unpolluted to moderately polluted. The multivariate statistical analysis results displayed that Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn had significant positive correlation. These metals belong to a principal component and a cluster, whereas Mn, Ni, V, and Co belong to another principal component and cluster and have significant positive correlation. Considering the content characteristics of heavy metals in the dusts, these results illustrated that two kinds of sources for the heavy metals studied existed for the finer particles of road dust from Xi'an, i. e., Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr mainly originated from traffic sources, whereas V, Co, Mn, and Ni were mainly from natural sources. The contributions of traffic sources and natural sources to the heavy metals in the finer particles of the road dust from Xi'an were respectively 56.7% and 43.3%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Cluster analysis - Dust - Electron emission - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Heavy metals - Linear regression - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Roads and streets
Uncontrolled terms:Finer particles - Pollution evaluation - Receptor model - Source identification - Xi'an
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.33e+01%, Percentage 5.67e+01%, Size 6.30e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711072

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 366>

Accession number:20184305984370
Title:Characteristics of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activities over Different Reclaimed Years in a Copper Tailings Dam
Authors:Wang, Rui-Hong (1); Jia, Tong (1); Cao, Miao-Wen (1); Chai, Bao-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China 
Corresponding author:Jia, Tong(jiatong@sxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3339-3348
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Mining for metal and mineral resources lead to the rapid rise of tailings dams and caused serious damage to the ecological environment of the mining area. Soil physicochemical characteristics and enzyme activities were important indexes for ecosystem functions, and they were also important factors in evaluating soil restoration qualities. We selected nine sub-dams of the Eighteen River copper tailings in Yuanqu County, and analyzed the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities. The results showed that there were great differences in soil physicochemical properties over different reclaimed years, and as the reclaimed years passed, soil nutrient contents significantly increased. There were significant negative correlations between catalase and the ratio of soil carbon and nitrogen, and urease was positively correlated to total nitrogen and soil moisture. Phosphatase and sucrose demonstrated no significant relationships with soil physicochemical factors. Copper content gradually accumulated in soil as the restoration period of sub-dams increased. Arsenic and cadmium content increased initially and then decreased before they gradually reached a stable level. In addition, there was no significant difference in zinc content among different sub-dams. Together, these results provide the ecological basis for further studies in soil ecosystem restoration and degradation mechanisms in copper tailings.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Tailings
Controlled terms:Bioremediation - Copper - Degradation - Ecosystems - Embankment dams - Enzymes - Mineral resources - Nitrogen - Reclamation - Restoration  - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Degradation mechanism - Ecological environments - Physico-chemical factors - Phytoremediation - Soil enzyme activity - Soil enzymes - Soil physico-chemical properties - Soil physicochemical characteristics
Classification code:441.1  Dams - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 544.1  Copper - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711031

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 367>

Accession number:20184305984357
Title:Effect of Preparation Methods on Phosphate Adsorption by Iron-Titanium Binary Oxide: Coprecipitation and Physical Mixing
Authors:Zhong, Yan (1, 2); Wang, Jiang-Yan (1, 2); Chen, Jing (1); Zhang, Gao-Sheng (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering and Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai; 264003, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Water Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Jing(jchen@yic.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3230-3239
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the effect of preparation methods on surface characteristics and adsorption properties of the formed metal composite oxides, two kinds of iron-titanium binary oxides were synthesized by a coprecipitation method or a physical mixing method and were denoted as <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti and <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti, respectively. The prepared <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti and <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti were systematically characterized using SEM, XRD, BET, and FTIR techniques. Their phosphate adsorption behaviors were also studied via batch adsorption experiments. Compared with pure FeOOH and TiO<inf>2</inf>, <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti exhibited a looser nanostructure with more pore and surface hydroxyls. Moreover, the <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti had a high maximal phosphorus adsorption capacity of 40.6 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which is about 1.5 times and 2.4 times as high as that of pure FeOOH (27.2 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>) and TiO<inf>2</inf> (16.7 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>), respectively. This suggests that an obvious synergistic effect is present in the <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti system. However, the morphology and structure of <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti were not significantly different from those of pure FeOOH and TiO<inf>2</inf>. The maximal adsorption capacity of <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti was 22.7 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which is obviously lower than that of <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti and even lower than that of pure FeOOH. Evidently, there is no synergistic effect in the <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti system. In addition, phosphate adsorption mechanisms at the surface of <sup>C</sup>Fe-Ti and <sup>M</sup>Fe-Ti were the same as those of their component oxides, and chemical adsorption occurred at the surface of the oxides through the formation of inner-sphere complexes. Therefore, the surface characteristics and adsorption properties of the metal composite oxides were closely related to their preparation methods. The coprecipitation method was a simpler and more economical way than the physical mixing method to fabricate a highly effective iron-titanium binary oxide for phosphate adsorption.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Titanium oxides
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Coprecipitation - Iron oxides - Mixing - Phosphates - Titanium dioxide
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Batch adsorption experiments - Binary oxides - Coprecipitation method - Inner sphere complexes - Morphology and structures - Physical mixing - Surface characteristics
Classification code:802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709275

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 368>

Accession number:20184305984337
Title:Concentration, Solubility, and Dry Deposition Flux of Trace Elements in Fine and Coarse Particles in Qingdao During Summer
Authors:Li, Peng-Zhi (1); Li, Qian (1); Shi, Jin-Hui (1, 2); Gao, Hui-Wang (1, 2); Yao, Xiao-Hong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Jin-Hui(engroup@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3067-3074
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>2.5</inf> and total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were synchronously collected in Qingdao from June to July 2016. The total and water-soluble concentrations of 12 trace elements in these samples were analyzed to investigate their distribution characteristics in fine and coarse particles as well as their dry deposition fluxes. The results showed that the total mass concentrations of Al, Fe, Sr, Mn, and Ba, which are expected to mainly originate from crustal sources, were generally distributed in the coarse particles, and the part mass in the coarse mode accounted for 55%-60% of their total concentrations. Cr, Ni, V, Zn, Pb, As, and Cd, which mainly originate from anthropogenic contributors, generally existed in fine particles where the part mass accounted for 65%-85% of their total concentrations. The soluble mass concentrations of trace elements, whether from crustal or anthropogenic sources, were mainly distributed in the fine particles. The proportions of Al, Fe, Mn, and Ba in soluble mass concentration existing in the fine particles were 50%-80% and 70%-90% for Cr, Ni, V, Zn, Pb, As, and Cd. The solubility of trace elements was higher in fine particles than in coarse particles. The soluble concentrations of trace elements exhibited a positive correlation with acid compounds, and the solubility exhibited a negative correlation with pH in the fine particles, implying that acidification processes play a key role in determining the solubility of trace elements in fine particles. The soluble fractions in the total dry deposition flux of Al and Fe were only 1%-2%; that of Sr, Ba, Cr, and Pb were about 30%-40%; and that of Mn, Ni, V, Zn, As, and Cd were about 50%-60%. The atmospheric deposition of soluble Fe supported phytoplankton carbon production of (194&plusmn;150) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, contributing about 10% of the primary productivity in the Yellow Sea.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Pollution
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Deposition - Iron - Meteorological problems - Particles (particulate matter) - Phytoplankton - Solubility - Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic sources - Atmospheric depositions - Coarse particles - Distribution characteristics - Dry deposition fluxes - Fine particles - Qingdao - Total suspended particulates
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 545.1  Iron - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01% to 6.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01% to 8.00e+01%, Percentage 5.50e+01% to 6.00e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01% to 8.50e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01% to 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712231

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 369>

Accession number:20184305984335
Title:Characteristics and Sources of Carbon Components in PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Autumn and Winter in Panjin City
Authors:Zhang, Lei (1); Ji, Ya-Qin (1); Zhang, Jun (2); Wang, Shi-Bao (1); Li, Yue-Yang (1); Zhao, Jing-Qi (1); Zhang, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China; (2) Panjin Environmental Monitoring Center, Panjin; 124010, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, Ya-Qin(jiyaqin@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3051-3056
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the pollution characteristics and sources of carbon in Panjin City during autumn and winter, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected at three monitoring points in October 2016 and January 2017. Pollution characteristics and sources of carbon components in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were analyzed by the OC/EC ratio method, EC tracer method, and principal component analysis method. The results showed that the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration exceeded the ambient air quality standard (GB 3095-2012) and that the average concentrations of OC and EC were 10.02 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 3.91 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in autumn, respectively, and 16.04 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 5.62 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in winter. According to the OC/EC ratio method, the OC/EC ratios were more than 2.0 during the sampling periods, indicating that there was secondary pollution in autumn and winter. Spearman correlation analysis and linear fitting indicated that the OC and EC sources were complex in development zones and that secondary school and cultural park areas may have similar sources during autumn and winter. SOC was quantitatively estimated by the EC tracer method, with concentrations of 7.21 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 23.07 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in autumn and winter, respectively. The absolute and relative errors of SOC uncertainty were 0.98 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 14.00% in autumn, respectively, and 1.87 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 8.21% in winter. Based on the method of principal component analysis, the carbon components in autumn and winter were mainly derived from coal combustion, biomass burning, and vehicle exhaust.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Air quality - Coal combustion - Organic carbon - Particles (particulate matter) - Radioactive tracers
Uncontrolled terms:Ambient air quality standards - Average concentration - Elemental carbon - Panjin City - Principal component analysis method - Secondary organic carbons (SOC) - Source apportionment - Spearman correlation
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 8.21e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712118

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 370>

Accession number:20184305984331
Title:Evaluation the Extent of Health Damage Caused by PM<inf>2.5</inf> Particulate in Xi'an City
Authors:Wei, Guo-Ru (1, 2); Shi, Xing-Min (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an; 710062, China; (2) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an; 710062, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Xing-Min(realsimon@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3014-3021
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study evaluated the acute health damage effect of PM<inf>2.5</inf> exposure in winter in Xi'an City, using the average concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> (24 h) and the Average Poisson Regression Model for three consecutive years, from 2014 to 2016. The Corrected Human Capital Method was used to evaluate the economic loss from premature death. The cost of illness was used to assess the economic loss of hospitalization, illness and clinic. The results show that the economic loss in the study period (2014, 2015, 2016) caused by PM<inf>2.5</inf> was about 33.523 billion yuan (95% CI: 24.961-36.975), 21.105 billion yuan (95% CI: 13. 560-26.880), and 37.132 billion yuan (95% CI: 27.246-41.164). The proportions of GDP were as follows: 6.10% (4.54%-6.73%), 3.64% (2.34%-4.63%), and 5.91% (4.34%-6.55%) for each of the three years. The health economic loss was positively correlated with the average PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration in winter. PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollutants have a significant impact on the health of residents in Xi'an. The number of reported cases was about 1 071 338 (95% CI: 646 432-1 385 847), 438 273 (95% CI: 246 842-599 989), and 1 019 503 (95% CI: 611 407-1 324 547) for each of the three years. The effects on children with asthma were significantly higher than that on adults, while adults with chronic bronchitis were affected more significantly than children. This study can provide a scientific basis for cost-benefit analysis of the PM<inf>2.5</inf> air quality standard in Xi'an, and provide a reference for the management of environment quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Cost benefit analysis
Controlled terms:Air quality - Diseases - Losses - Personnel - Quality control - Regression analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Environment quality - Health costs - Human capitals - PM2.5 - PM2.5 concentration - Poisson regression models - Xi'an
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 911  Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 911.2  Industrial Economics - 912.4  Personnel - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.34e+00% to 4.63e+00%, Percentage 4.34e+00% to 6.55e+00%, Percentage 4.54e+00% to 6.73e+00%, Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710174

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 371>

Accession number:20184305984368
Title:Isolation, Identification, and Biodegradation Behaviors of a Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid Precursor (PreFOSs) Degrading Bacterium from Contaminated Soil
Authors:Zhao, Shu-Yan (1); Zhou, Tao (1); Wang, Bo-Hui (1); Liang, Tian-Kun (1); Liu, Li-Fen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin; 124221, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3321-3328
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Transformation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) precursors (PreFOSs) is considered an additional source of PFOS in the environment and biota. A PreFOSs-degrading bacterium PF1, which was able to utilize PreFOSs as the sole carbon and energy source for growth, was isolated from contaminated soil collected from the surroundings of a fluoride factory. According to its morphology and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, strain PF1 was identified as Hyphomicrobium sp. The degradation rates of perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) and N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtFOSA) by PF1 were 14.6% and 8.2% (30&#8451;; pH=7.0-7.2), respectively, whereas PF1 was unable to degrade PFOS. PFOSA could be biodegraded to PFOS. N-EtFOSA could be biodegraded to perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetic acid (FOSAA), PFOSA, and PFOS; PFOS was the predominant metabolite. Based on the above analysis, the proposed metabolic pathway of PFOSA by strain PF1 is deamination to form PFOS. Two possible degradation pathways are proposed for N-EtFOSA: &#9312; deethylation of N-EtFOSA to produce PFOSA, followed by deamination to form PFOS, and &#9313;oxidation of N-EtFOSA to FOSAA followed by sequential dealkylation to produce PFOSA, and then transformation to PFOS by deamination.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Biodegradation
Controlled terms:Amines - Bacteria - Degradation - Fluorine compounds - pH effects - Soil pollution - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Degradation characteristics - Degradation pathways - Gene sequence analysis - Hyphomicrobium sp - Isolation and identification - Perfluorooctane sulfonamide - Perfluorooctane sulfonates - Perfluorooctane sulfonic acids
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.46e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711269

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 372>

Accession number:20184305984358
Title:Effects of Conductivity on Performance of a Combined System of Anaerobic Acidification, Forward Osmosis, and a Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors:Lu, Yu-Qin (1); Liu, Jin-Meng (1); Wang, Xin-Hua (1); Li, Xiu-Fen (1); Li, Ye (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China; (2) Zhejiang Huanke Engineering Design Co., Ltd., Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xin-Hua(xhwang@jiangnan.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3240-3246
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, a novel combined system for simultaneous recovery of bioelectricity and water from wastewater was developed by integrating anaerobic acidification and a forward osmosis (FO) membrane with a microbial fuel cell (AAFO-MFC). Conductivity was thought to be an important factor affecting the performance of the AAFO-MFC system. Thus, effects of conductivity on the performance of AAFO-MFC system in treating synthetic wastewater were investigated. The results indicated that a higher conductivity increased the bioelectricity production, owing to a reduction in the internal resistance. However, it resulted in a rapid decrease of FO water flux and a shorter operating time because of a severer membrane fouling. The conductivity had no impact on the water quality of the effluents. The total organic carbon (TOC) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the FO permeate were less than 4 and 0.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, at all conductivity levels. However, the rejection of the FO membrane for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was lower at all conductivity levels. The optimal comprehensive performance of this system was obtained when the conductivity was maintained at 7-8 mS&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>. In this case, the AAFO-MFC system achieved continuous and relatively stable power generation, and the water flux of FO membrane was relatively stable during a long-term operation of approximately 29 days.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Microbial fuel cells
Controlled terms:Acidification - Bioelectric phenomena - Effluents - Electric conductivity - Electrophysiology - Membrane fouling - Molecular biology - Organic carbon - Osmosis - Wastewater treatment  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Combined system - Comprehensive performance - Forward osmosis - Forward osmosis membrane - Internal resistance - Synthetic waste water - Total Organic Carbon - Total phosphorus
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 701.1  Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 822.2  Food Processing Operations - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 7.95e-02yr, Electrical_Conductivity 7.00e-01S/m to 8.00e-01S/m, Mass_Density 4.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712150

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 373>

Accession number:20184305984359
Title:COD Requirement for Biological Phosphorus Removal Granule System Under Different Phosphorus Concentrations
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Cao, Mei-Zhong (1); Guo, Yue-Zhou (1); Mei, Ning (1); Li, Shuai (2); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3247-3253
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the effect of COD loading on a biological phosphorus removal granule system under different phosphorus concentrations was investigated by changing the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) and COD in the influent. The lowest concentration of COD for good performance of the biological phosphorus removal system under different phosphorus concentrations was obtained. The results show that when the concentration of TP was 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in the influent, the lowest concentration of COD for good performance of the biological phosphorus removal system was 175 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The concentration of TP in the effluent was below 0.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; the particle size and SVI were 1 020 &mu;m and 36 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively; and the contents of PN and PS (by MLSS) were 78 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 39 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Furthermore, the PN/PS was lower and the granules had good structure and performance. When the concentration of TP was 6 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in the influent, the lowest concentration of COD for good performance of the biological phosphorus removal system was 150 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The concentration of TP in the effluent was below 0.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; the particle size and SVI were respectively 960 &mu;m and 35 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>; and the contents of PN and PS were 75 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 35 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Moreover, the PN/PS was lower and the granules had good structure and performance. The removal efficiency of COD was above 83% and the concentration of COD in the effluent was below 25 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> throughout the operational process. Under different the influent phosphorus concentrations, the contents of PN and PS decreased, PN/PS increased, particle size decreased, SVI increased, and the structure and performance of the biological phosphorus removal granules deteriorated as the COD concentration decreased.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Efficiency - Granulation - Particle size - Particles (particulate matter) - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Biological phosphorus removal - Operational process - Phosphorus concentration - PN/PS - Removal efficiencies - Structure and performance - Total phosphorus
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.75e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.50e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.30e+01%, Size 1.02e-03m, Size 9.60e-04m, Specific_Volume 3.60e-02m3/kg to 2.20e-02m3/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712198

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 374>

Accession number:20184305984341
Title:Characteristics of Industrial VOCs Emission Sources and Control Technology Application in a Prefecture-level City Region-Based on Qinhuangdao City
Authors:Hu, Xu-Rui (1); Hu, Xiao-Yu (1); Wang, Can (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300350, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Can(wangcan@tju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3096-3101
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compound (VOCs) emissions and control technologies of about 609 industrial enterprises in Qinhuangdao City were investigated in this study. The results showed that the exhausted emission flow rates from the industries of oil processing, coking, and nuclear fuel processing were found to be the largest sources of VOCs in Qinhuangdao City (normally above 10<sup>5</sup> m&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>), whereas the other industrial emission flow rates were mainly within the range of 10<sup>3</sup>-10<sup>5</sup> m<sup>3</sup>&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>. The detected VOC concentrations for all the industries were less than 1 000 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The VOCs emission rates were between 50-10 000 g&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, but demonstrated different characteristics among the various industries. It was found that the industries of transportation equipment manufacturing, petroleum processing, coking, nuclear fuel processing, machinery and equipment manufacturing, printing and reproduction of recorded media, and chemical raw material and chemical product manufacturing had much higher concentrations and emission rates than other industries did. However, the overall VOCs emission level from this city was still lower when compared to previous reports for other regions of China. The investigation of the VOCs control technology application showed that there were 109 constructed or operated VOCs treatment facilities among the 609 industrial enterprises. Activated carbon adsorption technology accounted for the largest proportion among the various techniques, with 69%, followed by absorption technology (19%).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Chemical equipment - Machinery - Manufacture - Materials handling - Petroleum transportation - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Activated carbon adsorption - Application status - Emission analysis - Equipment manufacturing - Nuclear fuel processing - Qinhuangdao City - Transportation equipments - Treatment techniques
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Flow_Rate 1.39e-05kg/s to 2.78e-03kg/s, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 6.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710219

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 375>

Accession number:20184305984378
Title:Comparative Analysis of Different Soil Amendment Treatments on Rice Heavy Metal Accumulation and Yield Effect in Pb and Cd Contaminated Farmland
Authors:Hu, Xue-Fang (1, 2); Tian, Zhi-Qing (1, 2); Liang, Liang (1, 2); Chen, Jun-De (3); Zhang, Zhi-Min (1, 2); Zhu, Xiang-Min (4); Wang, Shi-Kun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing; 100125, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100121, China; (3) Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen; 361005, China; (4) Shanghai GuanFa Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200052, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Shi-Kun(wosk1963@shou.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3409-3417
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Using selected sepiolite (SEP) and biochar (BC) as contrasts, we investigated the effects of a new cross-linked modified chitin (CC) on the bioavailability of Pb and Cd in soils, the yield of rice, and the absorption and accumulation of Pb and Cd in different parts of rice plants in a field environment. We hope this study provides the basis for the application of this material to improve soil fertility, and a direction for further soil improvement studies. A field experiment was carried out in 2015-2016 on selected Pb- and Cd-contaminated rice fields in Linghai, Liaoning. The changes in soil pH and available Pb and Cd in the soil were analyzed after the rice was harvested(October 2016). The effects of different treatments on the growth traits and yield of rice, the absorption of Pb and Cd by rice roots, stems and leaves, and grains were compared. The results showed that adding 167-333 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> CC could increase the soil pH value by 0.36-0.45 units, decreasing the contents of available Pb and Cd in the soil by 46. 39%-64.01% and 29.73%-43.24% respectively (P&lt;0.05). This treatment significantly reduced the Pb and Cd contents in all parts of rice (P&lt;0.05) compared to conventional fertilization; Pb and Cd contents in different parts of rice were significantly reduced (P&lt;0.05) by 16.09%-38.14% and 21.22%-31.38% in the root, 19.17%-46.92% and 25.66%-45.34% in the stem and leaf, and 29.47%-58.25% and 44.75%-64.02% in the grain, respectively. The treatment of adding 333 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> CC (CC-2) reduced the contents of Pb and Cd in rice grains to 0.204 1&plusmn;0.011 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.192 2&plusmn;0.021 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which were lower than or close to the limit values of Pb and Cd in rice (0.20 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) as per GB 2762-2005. Compared to conventional fertilization, SEP treatment, and BC treatment, without adding any amendments, the yield per mu of rice under CC treatment increased by 33.6-47, 27.6-44, and 8.67-34.77 kg, respectively. The effect of CC-2 treatment on yield was the most obvious; the yield of rice per mu increased by 47 kg, and the yield increase rate was 8.59%. The ability of CC to repair soil contaminated by Pb and Cd and to reduce the contents of Pb and Cd in rice was not weaker than that of SEP and BC. The CC treatment also controlled the migration and redistribution of Pb and Cd in soil-rice systems, and significantly increased the yield of rice. It has good potential to ensure the safe production of rice.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Bioaccumulation - Biochemistry - Cadmium - Chitin - Grain (agricultural product) - Heavy metals - Lead - Plants (botany) - Soil conditioners - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Comparative analysis - Different treatments - Field experiment - Heavy metal accumulation - Rice yield - Sepiolite(SEP) - Soil improvement
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Mass 4.70e+01kg, Mass 8.67e+00kg to 3.48e+01kg, Percentage 1.61e+01% to 3.81e+01%, Percentage 1.92e+01% to 4.69e+01%, Percentage 2.12e+01% to 3.14e+01%, Percentage 2.57e+01% to 4.53e+01%, Percentage 2.95e+01% to 5.82e+01%, Percentage 2.97e+01% to 4.32e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01% to 6.40e+01%, Percentage 4.48e+01% to 6.40e+01%, Percentage 8.59e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711084

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 376>

Accession number:20184305984350
Title:Spatio-temporal Variations of Diatom Community and Their Relationship with Water Environment in Fuxian Lake
Authors:Li, Rui (1); Chen, Guang-Jie (1); Kang, Wen-Gang (1); Chen, Li (1); Wang, Jiao-Yuan (1); Chen, Xiao-Lin (1); Liu, Yuan-Yuan (1); Feng, Zhong (1); Zhang, Tao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Processes and Environmental Change, School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming; 650500, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Guang-Jie(guangjiechen@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3168-3178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Fuxian Lake is an important deep lake in China with trophic status generally categorized as class I. However, there exists a trend of degradation in its ecological and environmental health under the increasing impacts derived from catchment development and recent global warming. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the community composition, distribution patterns, and driving factors of lake biota. In order to uncover the spatio-temporal variations in water quality and diatom communities, a monthly survey of diatom community composition and limnological characteristics was carried out in the surface waters of three sampling sites from the south, middle, and north of the lake basin in Fuxian in 2015. A total of 166 diatom species belonging to 31 genera were identified, which was dominated by planktonic diatoms with the extirpation of Cyclotella rhomboideo-elliptica, an endemic species for Yunnan. Diatom community structure showed significant seasonal succession across the three sites, which were dominated by Fragilaria crotonensis in January and February, by Aulacoseira granulata in March, by Cyclotella ocellata and F. crotonensis in April, and by C. ocellata for other months (i. e., relative abundance of~80%). Over the spatial scale, the distribution of the dominant diatoms displayed a high degree of similarity. Principal component analysis further showed that there existed significant difference in the diatom community structure and lake environment over the temporal scale, but no significant deviance was found across the three sites. The results of redundancy analysis and variation partitioning revealed that the key driver included meteorological and physical factors (i. e., water temperature, wind velocity, and Secchi depth), which accounted for 27.6% of the total variance in diatom community changes. In combination with the thermocline analysis, the change in lake hydrodynamics may have influenced the thickness and duration of the thermal stratification of lake water, resulting in the reorganization of the diatom community. At the same time, the lake-water nutrients and ions also exerted an important influence on community structuring, which explained the 21.2% and 9.4% of the diatom variation, respectively. Therefore, regional warming and catchment development have significantly structured the biological community and ecosystem health of Fuxian Lake. In all, measures should be taken not only to control the watershed input of pollutants but also to actively mitigate the long-term impact of climate change for the protection and ecological remediation of Fuxian Lake.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:58
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Catchments - Ecosystems - Global warming - Nutrients - Phytoplankton - Principal component analysis - Runoff - Temperature - Water pollution - Water quality  - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Community composition - Degree of similarity - Diatom communities - Distribution patterns - Ecological remediation - Spatio-temporal variation - Spatiotemporal distributions - Water temperatures
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.12e+01%, Percentage 2.76e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710188

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 377>

Accession number:20184305984353
Title:Preparation of Mn-Co/Ceramic Honeycomb Catalyst and Its Performance on Catalytic Ozonation of Hydroquinone
Authors:Zhang, Lan-He (1); Gao, Wei-Wei (1); Chen, Zi-Cheng (1); Zhang, Hai-Feng (1); Wang, Xu-Ming (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China; (2) Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing; 100089, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3194-3202
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to improve the activity and working life of metal catalysts in the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of organic wastewater, four kinds of Mn-Co/ceramic honeycomb (CH) catalysts with different mass ratios of Mn and Co were prepared by coating method using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate [Co(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>&bull;6H<inf>2</inf>O] and manganese nitrate [Mn(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>] as precursors, respectively, and CH as the carrier. The structure of the catalysts was analyzed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), N<inf>2</inf> adsorption/desorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanical properties of the catalysts were studied. The reaction kinetics model of O<inf>3</inf> alone and catalytic ozonation of the hydroquinone were established and catalytic ozonation performance of catalysts was investigated. The results showed that the crystal phase of Mn<inf>0</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH belonged to CoAl<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> and that the crystal phase of the Mn-Co/CH catalyst (Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>, Mn<inf>2</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>, and Mn<inf>3</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>) mainly belonged to Mn<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> and CoO. In particular, the Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalyst had a large specific surface area of 190 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, high pore volume of 0.25 cm<sup>3</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and pore size of 4.8 nm. The highest catalytic activity was obtained when Mn: Co was 1: 1 (Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalyst). The catalytic activity of the Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalyst was the highest, and removal efficiencies of hydroquinone and COD were 78% and 54%, respectively, using Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalytic ozonation. The Mn-Co/CH catalyst had a high compressive strength (15.89-16.94 MPa). The degradation efficiency of hydroquinone decreased significantly after the addition of tert-butanol, which indicated that &bull;OH played an important role in the Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalytic ozonation. The catalytic ozonation process fitted the first-order kinetic model. The apparent rate constant k for O<inf>3</inf> alone was only 0.030 6. Furthermore, the Mn<inf>1</inf>Co<inf>1</inf>/CH catalyst had the highest rate, with an apparent rate constant k of 0.053 5 min<sup>-1</sup>. The Mn-Co/CH catalyst was easy to industrialize owing to its lower consumption, excellent catalytic characteristics, and long working life.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Catalyst activity
Controlled terms:Aluminum compounds - Coatings - Cobalt compounds - Compressive strength - Degradation - Efficiency - Enzyme kinetics - Field emission microscopes - Honeycomb structures - Kinetics  - Manganese oxide - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Metal working - Nitrates - Ozone - Ozone water treatment - Ozonization - Phenols - Pore size - Rate constants  - Scanning electron microscopy - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Catalytic ozonation - Coating methods - Field emission scanning electron microscopy - First-order kinetic models - Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation - Hydroquinone - Large specific surface areas - Reaction kinetics models
Classification code:408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 535.2.2  Metal Forming Practice - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 813.2  Coating Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 7.80e+01%, Pressure 1.59e+07Pa to 1.69e+07Pa, Size 4.80e-09m, Specific_Surface_Area 1.90e+05m2/kg, Specific_Volume 2.50e-04m3/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711052

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 378>

Accession number:20184305984374
Title:Correlation Between Soil Organic and Inorganic Carbon and Environmental Factors in Cotton Fields in Different Continuous Cropping Years in the Oasis of the Northern Tarim Basin
Authors:Zhao, Jing-Jing (1, 2); Gong, Lu (1, 2); An, Shen-Qun (1, 2); Li, Yang-Mei (1, 2); Chen, Xin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi; 830046, China 
Corresponding author:Gong, Lu(gonglu721@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3373-3381
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Studying the characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC), and their relationship with environmental factors is helpful for understanding soil ecological processes, and providing theoretical support for research on the global carbon budget. Based on the oasis in the northern margin of Tarim Basin, this study analyzed the characteristics of the soil carbon pool, and, combined with redundancy and path analyses, explored the relationship between SOC and SIC, and their environmental factors. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P&lt;0.05) in SOC and SIC contents in cotton fields with different continuous cropping years (P&lt;0.05). With an increase in continuous cropping years, the SOC content increased firstly and then decreased, while the SIC content decreased firstly and then increased (P&lt;0.05). The SOC content was the highest in the 0-20 cm layer, while the SIC content was the highest in the 20-50 cm layer. The importance of environmental factors on the characteristics of the soil carbon pool was deduced by redundancy analysis. The order of importance was phosphatase activity&gt;pH&gt;sucrase activity&gt;catalase activity&gt;total N&gt;available P&gt;available K&gt;soil moisture content&gt;urease activity&gt;electrical conductivity (EC); phosphatase activity, pH value, invertase activity, catalase activity, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium showed significant correlation with SOC and SIC (P&lt;0.01). Soil moisture and urease activity showed significant correlation with SOC and SIC (P&lt;0.05). The path analysis showed that available P had a direct effect on the SOC content; it was the main factor affecting it. The urease activity had a direct effect on SIC; it was the main factor affecting it. This study of soil carbon pools in arid and semiarid regions is the basis for evaluating the "source/sink" effect of soil carbon in farmland ecosystems, and is of great significance for studying the global carbon budget and land carbon cycle mechanism.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Budget control - Cotton - Ecosystems - Factor analysis - Lakes - Phosphatases - Redundancy - Regression analysis - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Continuous cropping years - Northern Tarim basin - Path analysis - Redundancy analysis - Soil carbon
Classification code:443  Meteorology - 444  Water Resources - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 5.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711099

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 379>

Accession number:20184305984366
Title:Comparison of Extraction Methods of Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Activated Sludge
Authors:Sun, Xiu-Yue (1); Tang, Zhu (1); Yang, Xin-Ping (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Xin-Ping(xpyang@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3306-3313
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are biosynthetic polymers of microbial origin in the sludge activation process and crucially affect the properties of sludge in biological wastewater treatment reactors, such as the formation of sludge flocs, stabilization of sludge structure, and protection of microbes against noxious environmental conditions. However, the EPS extraction efficiency differs significantly according to the extraction method used. In this study, soluble EPSs and loosely bound EPSs can be extracted by centrifugation first and tightly bound EPSs in activated sludge require additional eight treatments for extraction, respectively. Three physical methods (centrifugation, sonication, and heating) and five chemical methods (cation exchange resin, NaOH, formaldehyde+NaOH, EDTA, and formaldehyde+EDTA) were tested, and the content and composition of TB-EPS were analyzed. Meanwhile, the functional groups and elements in TB-EPS were investigated. Results showed that the heating method did not introduce exogenous substances during the EPS extraction process and that the destruction of cells from this method was relatively slight. Heating was shown to be a gentle and efficient method in this study. The three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the cation exchange resin method had good extraction effect on humic-like and protein-like substances. As to fulvic-acid-like substances, NaOH was better than the other seven methods. Infrared spectroscopy showed that no notable difference appeared in the functional groups of the TB-EPS extracted by physical methods, whereas chemical methods induced big differences and showed particular bands that did not appear in the TB-EPS extracted by physical methods. Overall, the amounts of TB-EPS elements extracted using chemical methods were greater than those extracted using physical methods. In conclusion, a method must be selected and established for each case, taking into consideration the experimental purpose, and the most appropriate method should be chosen carefully.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Polymers
Controlled terms:Biological water treatment - Centrifugation - Chemical analysis - Chemical elements - Extraction - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Formaldehyde - Infrared spectroscopy - Ion exchange resins - Positive ions  - Sodium hydroxide - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge - Biological waste water treatment - Cation exchange resins - Component - Environmental conditions - Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Extracellular polymeric substance (EPSs) - Extraction efficiencies
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711034

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 380>

Accession number:20184305984092
Title:Effect of COD/SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> Ratio on Anaerobic Digestion of Penicillin Bacterial Residues
Authors:Qiang, Hong (1); Li, Yu-You (2); Pei, Meng-Fu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai; 980-8579, Japan 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3443-3451
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to assess the sulfate-induced inhibition of anaerobic digestion of antibiotic manufacturing bio-waste. The effect of COD/SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> ratio on biogas production potential and substrate utilization characteristics during the acidogenic phase of anaerobic digestion of penicillin bacterial residues were investigated through batch experiments. The results obtained indicated that biogas production was gradually enhanced after 10 days of anaerobic digestion. However, the maximum cumulative methane production probably exceeded about 208 mL&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>(on TS basis) since COD/SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&ge;3. Because adaptive acclimation, more than 71% COD removal, which may have been converted to methane, was achieved. Consequently, at COD/SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&le;1.5, methane production was suppressed by 49% and 100% when the organics and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> removal rates were less than 17% and 5%, respectively. This indicated that methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria were inhibited at high sulfate loading rates. In addition, the COD balance analysis revealed that less than 9.1% of the COD was converted to methane. However, 5.0%-9.0% of the COD was used for sulfate reduction. This means that methanogens are more susceptible than sulfate-reducing bacteria to sulfide-induced inhibition. The S balance showed that the reduced sulfate was mainly present as sulfide in the digester. A small fraction of it was present as hydrogen sulfide in the biogas. The analysis of substrate utilization characteristics during the acidogenic phase revealed that methanation of soluble protein was initiated after methanation of soluble carbohydrate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biogas - Hydrogenation - Methanation - Methane - Methanogens - Reduction - Substrates - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Batch experiments - Biogas production - COD/SO4^2- - Methane production - Organics removal - Soluble carbohydrates - Substrate utilization - Sulfate reducing bacteria
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 522  Gas Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.74e-02yr, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+00% to 9.00e+00%, Percentage 7.10e+01%, Percentage 9.10e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709199

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 381>

Accession number:20184305984360
Title:Effect of Substrate Concentration on SAD Collaborative Nitrogen and Carbon Removal Efficiency in an ABR Reactor
Authors:Zhang, Min (1); Jiang, Ying (1); Wang, Yao-Qi (1); Wei, Jia-Min (1); Chen, Chong-Jun (1, 2, 3, 4); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China; (4) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Chong-Jun(chongjunchen@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:7
Issue date:July 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3254-3261
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of declining total nitrogen (TN) removal caused by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) and the suppression of organic matter for ANAMMOX, the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), inoculating ANAMMOX sludge and anaerobic sludge from a municipal WWTP, was selected to construct system of ANAMMOX coupled denitrification (SAD) by the control of different substrate concentration. The SAD was constructed to study the effects of different influent substrates (COD, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) on the performance of nitrogen and carbon removal in the coupled system and pollutant removal rules. The results showed that the coupling reaction was achieved in the ABR reactor and the inhibitory effect of organic compounds on anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AAOB) was relieved. When influent concentrations of COD, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were 260, 185, and 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which equates to a ratio of 2.6: 1.85: 1, the concentrations of these substances in the effluent decreased to 10, 1.0, and 0.9 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The TN removal rate reached 99%, hence stable system operation and ultra-low emissions of carbon and nitrogen pollutants were achieved. Under different conditions of substrate concentrations and ratios, the targeted pollutants were generally eliminated in the first compartment, in which the removal rate reached higher than 75%, and ANAMMOX held the dominant position in the SAD coupled system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Carbon - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Effluents - Nitrogen - Nitrogen oxides - Organic compounds - Oxidation - Pollution  - Substrates - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Anaerobic baffled reactor - ANAMMOX - Carbon and nitrogen - Different substrates - Influent concentrations - Substrate concentrations - Synergistic effect
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712135

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 382>

Accession number:20184205948073
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Fluxes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus at the Sediment-water Interface of Yuqiao Reservoir
Authors:Wen, Shuai-Long (1, 2); Gong, Wan-Qing (1, 2); Wu, Tao (3); Zheng, Xiao-Lan (1, 2); Jiang, Xue (1); Li, Xin (1); Zhong, Ji-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Tianjin Hydraulic Research Institute, Tianjin; 300061, China 
Corresponding author:Zhong, Ji-Cheng(jczhong@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2154-2164
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Yuqiao Reservoir is an important source of drinking water in Tianjin. In recent years, the eutrophication status is becoming more and more serious, but its internal loading and distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus is not clear. The profiles of nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment-water interface were analyzed using the Peeper (pore water equilibrium) technique and the spatial distribution was investigated. The existing forms of the released nitrogen and phosphorus were investigated by the static intact sediment cores, and the fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment-water interface were estimated by static incubations with intact sediment cores. The results demonstrated the following. &#9312; The contents of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N in sediments were 0.5-6.5, 0.5-10.9, 2.2-16.2, and 0.05-0.6 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The contents of nutrient were lower as depth increased, and horizontal distribution characteristics indicated significant differences. &#9313; The contents of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N in the interstitial water were much higher than in the overlying water, suggesting that the interstitial water had the potential to diffuse nutrients to the overlying water. The concentrations of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N in the interstitial water increased rapidly at 0-5 cm and then decreased gradually. &#9314; PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N diffused from the sediment to the overlying water, and the fluxes of them were 1.1-13.3 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and 20.6-250.5 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The exchange fluxes of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N ranged from -20.4 to 33.4 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and from -7.4 to 0.4 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were the main nutrients in the sediment released to the overlying water. The fluxes were high in the south and low in the north, and also high in the mouth of the Linhe River and downstream of the reservoir. Compared with similar studies, the fluxes at the sediment-water interface of Yuqiao Reservoir were relatively high, indicating that the sediment was an important source of nutrients for the overlying water in Yuqiao Reservoir.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Eutrophication - Nitrogen - Nitrogen oxides - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Potable water - Reservoirs (water) - River pollution - Sedimentation - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Diffusive flux - Distribution characteristics - Horizontal distribution - Internal loading - Interstitial water - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Sediment water interface - Yuqiao reservoirs
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 5.00e-02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709081

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 383>

Accession number:20184205948084
Title:Optimization of the Nitrogen Removal Performance on the CANON Process in a Biofilm Reactor: From FBBR to MBBR
Authors:Fu, Kun-Ming (1); Li, Hui (1); Zhou, Hou-Tian (1); Qiu, Fu-Guo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing; 100044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2256-2264
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To optimize the performance of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON), a CANON process with modified polyethylene as carriers was operated in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), using synthetic inorganic ammonia-rich wastewater (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N about 400 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) as influent at 30&#8451;&plusmn;1&#8451;. With an HRT of 6 h, pH at 7.8, and filling rate of 35%, the average removal rate of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and TN reached 74.28% and 87.93%, respectively, and the highest removals reached 84.68% and 98.82%, respectively, while the value of &Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>/&Delta;TN was 0.12, which was close to the theoretical value of 0.127. This suggested that CANON sludge gradually adapted to the environment in the MBBR and began to enter the stable stage. Compared with a fixed-bed biofilm reactor (FBBR) under the same influent and operating conditions, the mean square error of MBBR and FBBR in terms of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N removal rate, TN removal rate, and TN removal load were 8.31% and 14.06%, 7.09% and 1.79%, 0.17 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.27 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the former are lower than the latter. Moreover, while DO concentrations of MBBR and FBBR were 1.96 mg&bull;L<sup>-</sup>1 and 3.09 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, their TN removals of per liter carriers were 0.53 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.37 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. Therefore, it was concluded that: &#9312; MBBR had a more stable nitrogen removal performance than did of FBBR, and &#9313; MBBR had a higher TN removals of per liter carriers than did FBBR in addition to the higher utilization rate of oxygen.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Biofilms - Bioreactors - Mean square error - Polyethylenes - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Autotrophic nitrogen removal - BIofilm reactors - Fixed bed biofilm reactors - Moving bed biofilm reactors - Operating condition - Removal performance - Theoretical values - Utilization rates
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.96e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.09e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.41e+01%, Percentage 1.79e+00%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 7.09e+00%, Percentage 7.43e+01%, Percentage 8.31e+00%, Percentage 8.47e+01%, Percentage 8.79e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%, Time 2.16e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710064

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 384>

Accession number:20184205948092
Title:Dynamics of CO<inf>2</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O in Seasonal Frozen Soil Profiles for a Typical Steppe in Inner Mongolia
Authors:Li, Jin-Bo (1); Yao, Nan (1); Li, Xiu (1); Zhao, Ying (1); Zhang, A-Feng (1); Lan, Zhi-Long (1); Fan, Ting (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Ying(yzhaosoils@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2330-2338
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the effect of grazing on the mechanism for greenhouse gas emissions in the seasonal frozen soils for a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia, variations of N<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations in different soil layers were monitored by an in situ gas collection system. Three conditions were selected: ungrazed since 1979 (UG79), ungrazed since 1999 (UG99), and continuously grazed (CG). The results showed that the profile soil N<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations demonstrated a significant spatio-temporal distribution. &#9312; The average concentrations of CO<inf>2</inf> in the soil profile of the three conditions were: CO<inf>2</inf> in the growth period&gt;in the freezing-thawing period&gt;in the freezing period. The CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations in the growing period were much higher than in the freezing-thawing period and freezing period. The CO<inf>2</inf> concentration was the highest in the UG79, and the lowest was in the CG. The concentration of CO<inf>2</inf> in different soil layers was ordered as 20 cm &ge;50 cm&ge;35 cm&ge;10 cm&ge;5 cm at the UG79 and UG99 sites, and 50 cm&ge;35 cm&ge;20 cm&ge;10 cm&ge;5 cm at the CG site. &#9313; The spatial and temporal variation of N<inf>2</inf>O concentration in the soil profile was different from that of CO<inf>2</inf>. While the UG79 and UG99 sites showed a "single peak type" change, the CG site had a "bimodal" pattern. The N<inf>2</inf>O concentration of the three conditions increased sharply during the soil freezing-thawing period, and the N<inf>2</inf>O was also released weakly during the growing season at the CG site (P&lt;0.05). The average N<inf>2</inf>O concentration of the CG was significantly higher than that of UG79 and UG99 (P&lt;0.05). The results show that the concentration of N<inf>2</inf>O in different soil layers was ordered as follows: UG79: 20 cm&ge;50 cm&ge;35 cm&ge;10 cm&ge;5 cm; CG: 50 cm&ge;35 cm&ge;20 cm&ge;10 cm&ge;5 cm, and UG99: 35 cm&ge;50 cm&ge;20 cm&ge;10 cm&ge;5 cm. The results concluded that grazing decreased the profiled soil CO<inf>2</inf> concentration and increased N<inf>2</inf>O concentration, which provides a basis for the accurate estimation of greenhouse gas emissions in the seasonal frozen soil in grasslands.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Freezing - Frozen soils - Gas emissions - Greenhouse effect - Greenhouse gases - Soil mechanics - Thawing
Uncontrolled terms:Freeze-thawing - Freezing-thawing periods - Gas collection systems - Grazing - Soil profiles - Spatial and temporal variation - Spatiotemporal distributions - Typical steppe
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709189

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 385>

Accession number:20184205947403
Title:Source Identification and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils in Typical Areas around the Lower Yellow River
Authors:Yu, Yuan-He (1); L&uuml;, Jian-Shu (1, 2); Wang, Ya-Meng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan; 250014, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200062, China 
Corresponding author:L&uuml;, Jian-Shu(lvjianshu@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2865-2874
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A total of 234 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected at the nodes of a 2&times;2 km grid from Gaoqing County (a typical area surrounding the Lower Yellow River) and analyzed for eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn). This study investigated the source of the heavy metals in this area based on a correlation analysis, PCA, and ANOVA using multivariate statistical analysis. In addition, the spatial variation and distribution characteristics of the heavy metals were determined by geostatistics based on GIS. The results provided the following conclusions. &#9312; The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn exceeded the background values (BV) of the Lower Yellow River, especially for As, Cu, and Hg (1.23, 1.20 and 1.29 times the BV, respectively), indicating that there was enrichment of the heavy metals in soils at different degrees. &#9313; The results from the multivariate analysis suggested that all eight heavy metals could be classified by two principal components (PCs). The levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were dominated by human activities and the parent soil material (PC1). However, Hg originated mainly from textile printing, petrochemical engineering, and plastic processing (PC2). &#9314; The differences in heavy metal contents between different land use types and parent soil materials were obvious. The eight elements were highest in land related to urban construction. In addition to Hg, the remaining seven heavy metals were highest in soils in the lacustrine deposit. &#9315; The spatial distributions of the heavy metals in the soil were different. The high value areas of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were mainly concentrated in the central urban and southeastern areas, while the high value areas for Hg were concentrated in the southwestern and northeastern areas. This showed that industrial emissions and agricultural production activities caused the degree of heavy metal pollution in the soils while traffic emissions aggravated the levels.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Heavy metals - Industrial emissions - Land use - Lead compounds - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Rivers - Soil pollution  - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Distribution characteristics - Geo-statistics - Multi variate analysis - Multivariate statistical analysis - Petrochemical engineering - Pollution sources - Soil heavy metals
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708201

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 386>

Accession number:20184205947385
Title:Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentration Dynamics in Natural Ditches Under an Irrigation-Drainage Unit in the Jianghan Plain
Authors:Hua, Ling-Ling (1); Zhang, Fu-Lin (2); Zhai, Li-Mei (1); Liu, Hong-Bin (1); Fan, Xian-Peng (2); Wang, Hong-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Institute of Plant Protection, Soil and Fertilizer Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan; 430064, China 
Corresponding author:Zhai, Li-Mei(zhailimei@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2715-2723
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The paddy field in Jianghan Plain usually exists in the form of an irrigation-drainage unit, and the natural ditch is the main part of the unit. A continuous in situ monitoring of the natural ditch water level and water quality through the entire rice growing season in 2015 was conducted to investigate the dynamics of ditch water level and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the ditch. Another objective was to determine the effect of these factors. Results showed that during the entire rice growing season, the ditch water depth was maintained between 30 to 70 cm, and the water depth was higher during irrigation events than during rainfall events. Fertilization was the main factor affecting the nitrogen concentration in the ditch water. Two peaks of total nitrogen (TN) concentration appeared on June 18 and July 30 because of topdressing. In the early stage of rice growing, ammonia nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) concentration was higher than that of nitrate nitrogen (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N). External disturbances (such as rainfall and irrigation events) were the main factors affecting the total phosphorus (TP) concentration in the ditch water. The dynamic of TP concentration in the ditch water was large, and it was consistent with that of the particulate phosphorus (PP) concentration. Drainage of the irrigation-drainage was mainly controlled artificially. The period from rice transplanting to 3 days after the first top dressing was critical in preventing the outflow of ditch water. During the rice harvest stage, the TN and TP concentration were 0.22 and 0.06 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and the water quality reached the&#8545;class standard for surface water quality. This reduced the risk from drainage from the irrigation-drainage unit to the surrounding water environment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Rain - River pollution - Surface waters - Water levels - Water pollution control - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural non-point source pollutions - Ditches - External disturbances - In- situ monitoring - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Nitrogen concentrations - Particulate phosphorus - Water environments
Classification code:443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.22e-03yr, Mass_Density 2.20e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-05kg/m3, Size 3.00e-01m to 7.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709157

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 387>

Accession number:20184205947405
Title:Principal Component Analysis and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils around a Pb-Zn Mine in Southwestern China
Authors:Zhou, Yan (1, 2); Chen, Qiang (1, 2); Deng, Shao-Po (1, 2); Wan, Jin-Zhong (1, 2); Zhang, Sheng-Tian (1, 2); Long, Tao (1, 2); Li, Qun (1, 2); Lin, Yu-Suo (1, 2); Wu, Yun-Jin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing; 210042, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210042, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Yun-Jin(wyj@nies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2884-2892
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The farmland soil around a Pb-Zn mine in southwestern China was studied. One hundred forty-nine surface soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm depth, and the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were tested. The correlations among these heavy metals were studied with multivariate analysis, and the potential sources of the metals were identified. The environmental risk of the metals was evaluated with the Potential Ecological Risk Index method. The results showed that the amounts of Cd, Pb, and Zn were at relatively high level, with average concentrations of 15.56, 419.4, and 933.4mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> respectively, indicating the soil was heavily polluted. The average concentrations of Hg and As were 0.13 and 37.3mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, suggesting moderate soil pollution. The average concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Cr were lower than Yunnan soil background values. The multivariate analysis suggested that the sources of Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, and As were similar and came mainly from smelting activities in the mining area. The sources of Cu, Ni, and Cr were similar and can be attributed to natural sources. The comprehensive potential ecological risk index was 2 294.8, which suggested a high potential ecological risk. In general, the farmland soils in the research area were polluted seriously by the mining and industrial activities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Binary alloys - Chromium - Farms - Heavy metals - Industrial research - Lead alloys - Lead smelting - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis  - Risk assessment - Soils - Zinc alloys - Zinc mines - Zinc smelting
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Ecological risk assessment - Ecological risks - Environmental risks - Industrial activities - Lead zinc mine - Multi variate analysis - Potential ecological risk
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 543.1  Chromium and Alloys - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901.3  Engineering Research - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707125

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 388>

Accession number:20184205947400
Title:Estimation of Winter Wheat Photosynthesized Carbon Distribution and Allocation Belowground via <sup>13</sup>C Pulse-labeling
Authors:Sun, Zhao-An (1); Chen, Qing (1); Han, Xiao (1); Wu, Wen-Liang (1); Meng, Fan-Qiao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China 
Corresponding author:Meng, Fan-Qiao(mengfq@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2837-2844
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Evaluating the allocation of carbon (C) photosynthesized by winter wheat belowground is essential for C sequestration in soil and crop production. During the four growth stages of winter wheat, i. e., tillering, elongation, anthesis, and grain-filling, the method of <sup>13</sup>CO<inf>2</inf>pulse-labeling for the wheat was adopted. Destructive samplings were undertaken at 28 d after each labeling and the total C and <sup>13</sup>C contents of shoots, roots, soil, and rhizosphere respiration were determined. Results showed that the majority of the fixed <sup>13</sup>C was recovered in the aboveground (straw and grain), ranging from 51.6% to 90.8% in all growth stages. The allocation of <sup>13</sup>C photosynthesized belowground (roots, soil, and rhizosphere respiration) decreased as the wheat growth advanced, while the <sup>13</sup>C transferred to the aboveground increased. Of the total <sup>13</sup>C input belowground, 22.9%-65.3% was respired by the rhizosphere, 24.3%-59.3% remained in the roots, and 10.4%-17.8% was incorporated into the soil organic carbon by rhizodeposition. Respired <sup>13</sup>C within the last 2 d of the whole chase period (28 d) only accounted for 0.7%-2.7% of the total respired <sup>13</sup>C, indicating that 28 days were long enough to ensure a complete distribution of photosynthesized C within all the wheat and soil pools. For the whole growth season of winter wheat, the photosynthesized C allocated aboveground, to roots, soil organic carbon, and rhizosphere respiration was 78.5%, 6.0%, 3.1%, and 12.4% of the net assimilated C, respectively. Based on local wheat production, the total C transferred belowground was quantified as 1.72 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, with 0.99 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> respired as rhizosphere respiration, 0.48 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> retained in roots, and 0.25 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> incorporated into soil organic carbon.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Crops - Cultivation - Grain (agricultural product) - Organic carbon
Uncontrolled terms:Pulse-labeling - Rhizodeposition - Rhizosphere respiration - Soil organic carbon - Winter wheat
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Age 7.67e-02yr, Percentage 1.04e+01% to 1.78e+01%, Percentage 1.24e+01%, Percentage 2.29e+01% to 6.53e+01%, Percentage 2.43e+01% to 5.93e+01%, Percentage 3.10e+00%, Percentage 5.16e+01% to 9.08e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 7.00e-01% to 2.70e+00%, Percentage 7.85e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710159

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 389>

Accession number:20184205948080
Title:Adsorption of Dissolved Organic Matter with Different Relative Molecular Masses on Inorganic Minerals and Its Influence on Carbamazepine Adsorption Behavior
Authors:Liang, Yu (1); He, Jiang-Tao (1); Zhang, Si (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jiang-Tao(jthe@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2219-2229
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this work, sorption experiments were conducted to understand the adsorption characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of different relative molecular masses on minerals and the effects of their interaction with PPCPs on the adsorption process. This study chose carbamazepine (CBZ) as the target pollutant, quartz sand as the inorganic mineral, and commercial humic acid (HA) as the DOM. We studied the structural characteristics of HA with different relative molecular masses and the impact of their interaction with CBZ on their adsorption based on dialysis experiments and infrared spectroscopy. It was found that large molecular weight fractions of HA, which contain more hydroxyl, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aliphatic hydrocarbons, were mainly hydrophobic substances, while the smaller fractions, containing more alcohols and carboxyl groups, were mainly hydrophilic substances. The combination of HA and CBZ had two major mechanisms, the combination of amino groups of CBZ and polar functional groups in small molecular weight fractions of HA and hydrophobic interactions between hydrophobic groups and aliphatic or/aromatic compounds in large molecular weight HA. The interaction between CBZ and HA resulted in obvious differences in the adsorption of HA or CBZ. When CBZ does not exist, hydrophobic combinations occurred between HA through the hydrophobic components and quartz sand, which also experienced the exchange coordination reaction with the hydroxyl or carboxyl group of HA. In addition, HA adsorbed the aliphatic and hydrophobic macromolecular components. Quartz sand was used to adsorb the large hydrophobic molecules. When CBZ existed, it adsorbed the small molecular weight fractions of HA. The maximum HA adsorption capacity of quartz sand decreased. CBZ could be adsorbed on quartz sand by hydrophobic interaction, van Edward forces, and polarity interactions in the absence of HA. When adding HA, the adsorption increment of carbamazepine on quartz sand was due to the co-adsorption or accumulation of HA and CBZ after their combination.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Sand
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Amides - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Cationic surfactants - Coordination reactions - Hydrophobic chromatography - Hydrophobicity - Infrared spectroscopy  - Molecular mass - Molecular weight - Organic acids - Organic minerals - Quartz
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption characteristic - Carbamazepine - Dissolved organic matters - Humic acid - Molecular weight fraction - Quartz sand - Relative molecular mass - Structural characteristics
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 482.2  Minerals - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708012

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 390>

Accession number:20184205947836
Title:Health Effects of PM<inf>2.5</inf> Based on Bacterial Toxicity Test and Transcriptional Analysis in Lungs of Mice
Authors:Song, Peng-Cheng (1); Lu, Shu-Yu (1, 2); Wei, Yong-Jie (3); Chen, Xiao-Qian (4); Luo, Li-Juan (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China; (2) Shanghai Society of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200003, China; (3) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (4) Shanghai Academy of Public Measurement, Shanghai; 201203, China; (5) Shanghai Radio-Environment Supervision Agency, Shanghai; 200065, China 
Corresponding author:Lu, Shu-Yu(sisrlu@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2489-2497
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Although epidemiology and toxicology studies have demonstrated that exposure to ambient air particles could result in a variety of lung diseases, but the pulmonary toxicological mechanism remains obscure. In this study, the toxicity of PM<inf>2.5</inf> particles in different concentrations was investigated by toxicological methods, including the luminescent bacteria acute toxicity test and genotoxicity performed by SOS chromogenic reaction. The results indicated that, the acute toxicity and genotoxicity were low and negative, respectively. In addition, rats were treated with PM<inf>2.5</inf> suspension through intratracheal instillation, and the pathologic changes and expression of different genes in their lungs were carried out. We found that PM<inf>2.5</inf> exposure resulted in fibrotic changes and inflammation in the lung with the increase in PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration. Pathway analysis indicated that PM<inf>2.5</inf> can induce pulmonary toxicity through disturbing the function of ribosomal protein, fatty acids, and cholesterol metabolism, suggesting an inflammatory reaction in the lung is caused by genetic damage and is irreversible. A gene ontology analysis revealed that abnormal expression of related genes in the immune response could be the specific pathway of lung inflammation. These findings improve our understanding of the toxicological pathway and mechanism of PM<inf>2.5</inf> exposure.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Toxicity
Controlled terms:Biological organs - Fatty acids - Gene expression - Mammals - Pathology
Uncontrolled terms:Acute toxicity - Cholesterol metabolism - Genotoxicities - Inflammatory reaction - Intratracheal instillation - PM2.5 - Transcriptional analysis - Transcriptome profiling
Classification code:461  Bioengineering and Biology - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709201

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 391>

Accession number:20184205947207
Title:Fate and Toxicity of UV Filters in Marine Environments
Authors:Zhu, Xiao-Shan (1); Huang, Jing-Ying (1); L&uuml;, Xiao-Hui (1); Du, Yong-Fen (2); Cai, Zhong-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen; 518055, China; (2) Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2991-3002
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:UV filters have been widely used in sunscreen products, and they have partially ended up in the marine environment via human recreational activities and sewage treatment plant drainage, becoming one of the emerging marine pollutants. As UV filters have many characteristics, such as extensive use, continuous emissions, and stability, their potential risks to the environment and ecology have become a hot topic in the field of environmental research all over the world. This study analyzed the environmental behavior of UV filters in the ocean, such as migration, transformation, and volatilization. The toxic effects (i. e., growth inhibition, reproductive inhibition, death, and malformation) of the inorganic (mainly nano-TiO<inf>2</inf> and nano-ZnO) and organic UV filters (mainly benzophenones, camphor derivatives, and cinnamic acids) on marine organisms (i. e., algae, seashell, fish, coral, and sea urchin) were summarized. The research also analyzed the inherent toxicity mechanisms from the perspective of oxidative damage, neurotoxicity, and endocrine disability. The prospect and future directions in this field were also discussed. This review provides a reference for scientific research and pollution control related to UV filters.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:95
Main heading:Marine pollution
Controlled terms:Filtration - II-VI semiconductors - Mammals - Marine biology - Pollution control - Sewage treatment plants - Sun hoods - Titanium alloys - Titanium dioxide - Toxicity  - Zinc alloys - Zinc oxide
Uncontrolled terms:Biotoxicity - Environmental behavior - Environmental researches - Marine organisms - Recreational activities - Scientific researches - Toxicity mechanisms - UV filter
Classification code:402  Buildings and Towers - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 461.9  Biology - 542.3  Titanium and Alloys - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709285

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 392>

Accession number:20184205947395
Title:Effect of Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal Microorganisms in Activated Sludge Bulking Caused by Filamentous Bacteria
Authors:Gao, Chen-Chen (1); You, Jia (1); Chen, Yi (1); Zheng, Xing-Can (1); Shang, Wei (1); Zhang, Wen-An (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) North China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin; 300074, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2794-2801
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Activated sludge bulking or foaming caused by filamentous bacteria is a frequent problem in the operation and management of wastewater treatment plants. To clarify the effect of filamentous bacteria sludge bulking on the functional flora in the biological denitrification and phosphorus removal system, morphological identification and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were applied to investigate the distribution of key micro-flora from the non-bulking period, sludge bulking period, and biological foaming period in five municipal wastewater treatment plants. The results showed that the sludge bulking and biological foaming were caused by Microthrix parvicella when the maximum contents were 6% and 38%, respectively. The main bacteria for denitrification and phosphorus removal were Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Thauera, and Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis. Compared to the non-bulking period, the relative abundance of AOB and PAO was significantly decreased when the maximum contents were 54% and 47%, respectively, during the bulking period. In addition, the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria was significantly increased when the maximum content was 73%. The fluctuation of micro-flora for denitrification and phosphorus removal was affected by the activated sludge bulking and was related to the treatment process and physiological characteristics of the bacteria.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Activated sludge process
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biological water treatment - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Denitrification - Phosphorus - Sewage pumping plants - Sewage sludge - Wastewater treatment - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge - Filamentous bulking - Illumina - Municipal wastewaters - Phosphorus removal
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 7.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709138

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 393>

Accession number:20184205948082
Title:Enhanced Coagulation as a Pretreatment for Low Temperature Wastewater
Authors:Liu, Hai-Long (1); Ren, Yu-Xia (1); Zhang, Zhong-Min (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) Taiyuan Environment Detection Central Station, Taiyuan; 030002, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2239-2248
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of low temperature on enhanced coagulation were studied. A new composite coagulant called SynthA was synthesized. The effects of enhanced coagulation on the removals of dissolved organic matter, dissolved organic nitrogen, and so on under room temperature or low temperature (2-5&#8451;) were determined, and their influences on biological treatments were investigated by using membrane fractionation distribution, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum (3DEEM), and differential ultraviolent absorbance. The results showed that, under room temperature, the removals of particulate COD, particulate nitrogen, colloidal COD, and colloidal nitrogen were highly correlated with turbidity reduction by coagulation using aluminum chloride (AlCl<inf>3</inf>), poly aluminum chloride (PACl), and SynthA as coagulants separately, while the relationship was not clear between the dissolved parameters and turbidity reduction. The reduction of fluorescence value of dissolved organic matter after coagulation was much higher than that of dissolved COD. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is removed to the greatest extent by preset coagulation along with particulate nitrogen (PN) and colloidal nitrogen (CN). Low temperature affected enhanced coagulation in many aspects. It inhibited turbidity reduction and COD removal by the three coagulants with the order being AlCl<inf>3</inf>&gt;PACl&gt;SynthA. It exhibited differential influences on the removals of particulate, colloidal and dissolved COD, and nitrogen, and it showed greater adverse effects on particulate and colloidal COD and nitrogen. The fluorescence value of dissolved organic matter in low temperature water showed a significant increase, and its reduction by coagulation was high, compared with that in room temperature water. Low temperature coagulation exerted greater impacts on ultraviolet differential absorbance than did room temperature. Under low temperatures, slight increases of total nitrogen (TN) removal, DN, and DON removals were achieved by using SynthA as coagulant, and removals of PN and CN were maintained, compared with room temperature. As an example, when SynthA dosage was above 30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, DON removal reached 28.5%-41.7% at low temperature, while the removal was only 17%-31.4% at room temperature. A large portion of the COD and some TN were removed by coagulation as a pretreatment, indicating that a large amount of the time in an aeration pond could be reduced, and the removal efficiency of TN would be stabilized. Therefore, in winter, the decrease of biological treatment efficiency could be alleviated to some extent by using enhanced coagulation with an adaptable coagulant, such as SynthA as a pretreatment, which would relieve the stress of denitrogen and stabilize treatment efficiency.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Coagulation
Controlled terms:Aluminum chloride - Biochemical engineering - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical water treatment - Chlorine compounds - Colloids - Dissolution - Efficiency - Fluorescence  - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Organic compounds - Temperature - Turbidity
Uncontrolled terms:Coagulant - Dissolved organic nitrogen - Enhanced coagulation - Low temperatures - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 801.3  Colloid Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 805.1.1  Biochemical Engineering - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.70e+01% to 3.14e+01%, Percentage 2.85e+01% to 4.17e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 394>

Accession number:20184205947202
Title:Effect of Foliar Zinc Application on Bioaccessibility of Cadmium and Zinc in Pakchoi
Authors:Wang, Lin (1, 2); Gu, Peng-Lei (1, 2, 3); Li, Ran (1, 2, 3); Xu, Ying-Ming (1, 2); Sun, Yue-Bing (1, 2); Liang, Xue-Feng (1, 2); Dai, Jing-Jing (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China; (3) College of Soil and Environment, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang; 110161, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Ying-Ming(ymxu1999@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2944-2952
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Two cultivars of pakchoi with different cadmium (Cd) accumulation were grown in nutrient solutions containing low and sufficient zinc (Zn) levels. ZnSO<inf>4</inf> and ZnNa<inf>2</inf>EDTA were applied as foliar fertilizers. The bioaccessibilities of Cd and Zn in pakchoi were assessed by the in vitro digestion method, and the bioaccessible established daily intakes (BEDI) of Cd and Zn from pakchoi were calculated. The effect of foliar zinc application on concentrations, bioaccessibilities, and BEDIs of Cd and Zn in pakchoi was evaluated. Results show that the Cd concentrations in shoots of the tested pakchoi cultivars under sufficient Zn condition were significantly lower than those under low Zn condition, and foliar application of ZnNa<inf>2</inf>EDTA significantly decreased the Cd concentrations of pakchoi. The tested pakchoi cultivars with sufficient Zn had a significantly higher mean shoot Zn concentration than those with low Zn. Foliar Zn treatments significantly increased shoot Zn concentrations of pakchoi, with the highest in the ZnSO<inf>4</inf> treatment. Cd bioaccessibility in the tested pakchoi cultivars with sufficient Zn was significantly lower than that with low Zn. Foliar applied Zn could significantly reduce Cd bioaccessibility in the gastric phase, with a maximal reduction of 35.81% compared to the control. Foliar treatment with ZnSO<inf>4</inf> could significantly decrease Cd bioaccessibility in the small intestinal phase, with a maximal reduction of 59.24% compared to the control. Foliar Zn treatments reduced significantly the Zn bioaccessibility of pakchoi in the gastric and small intestinal phases, with a maximal reduction of 68.90% compared to the control. The reduction of Zn bioaccessibility was higher in the ZnSO<inf>4</inf> treatment than in the ZnNa<inf>2</inf>EDTA treatment. Via the consumption of the Cd-contaminated common cultivar Hanlv, the BEDI values of Cd were higher than that of the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) standard of WHO [0.83 &mu;g&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>]. However, via the consumption of the low-Cd accumulating cultivar Huajun or pakchoi with foliar application of ZnSO<inf>4</inf>, the BEDI values of Cd decreased significantly and were below the PTDI value. Via the consumption of pakchoi in the control or low-level ZnNa<inf>2</inf>EDTA treatments, the BEDI values of Zn were below that of the recommended nutrient intake for Zn. However, via the consumption of pakchoi with foliar application of ZnSO<inf>4</inf> or high-level ZnNa<inf>2</inf>EDTA, the BEDI values of Zn were higher than that of the recommended nutrient intake and met the human needs for Zn from vegetables. Under the ZnSO<inf>4</inf> treatment, the BEDI values of Zn from pakchoi were the highest. In conclusion, foliar zinc application could significantly reduce the bioaccessibilities of Cd and Zn in pakchoi and the BEDI values of Cd and increase the BEDI values of Zn. Foliar application with ZnSO<inf>4</inf> was the most suitable treatment to reduce Cd intake and increase Zn intake from pakchoi.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Zinc
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Health risks - Nutrients - Sodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Bioaccessibility - Brassica - Foliar zinc fertilization - Human health risks - In-vitro digestions
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.58e+01%, Percentage 5.92e+01%, Percentage 6.89e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711157

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 395>

Accession number:20184205948057
Title:Sulfur Sources and Oxidation Pathways in Summer Aerosols from Nanjing Northern Suburbs Using S and O Isotopes
Authors:Han, Xun (1, 2); Ren, Jie (1, 2); Chen, Shan-Li (1, 2); Wang, Jin-Jin (1, 2); Shen, Xiao-Yu (1, 2); Wei, Ying (1, 2); Guo, Zhao-Bing (1, 2); Zhu, Bin (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Zhao-Bing(guocumt@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2010-2014
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions of sulfate in PM<inf>2.5</inf> were determined by EA-IRMS to study the sulfur sources and oxidation formation pathways of sulfates in PM<inf>2.5</inf> from Nanjing northern suburbs during July 2014. The results indicated that &delta;<sup>34</sup>S values of sulfate ranged from 1.7&permil; to 4.8&permil; with an average of 3.2&permil;&plusmn;1.0&permil;, while &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values ranged from 7.5&permil; to 12.9&permil; with an average of 9.3&permil;&plusmn;1.7&permil;. Comparing the &delta;<sup>34</sup>S values of aerosol sulfate and potential pollution sources, we concluded that the sulfur source of PM<inf>2.5</inf>was mainly local coal combustion and vehicle exhaust. In addition, the secondary sulfate was dominant in PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and 59.3% of the formation of the secondary sulfate was caused by SO<inf>2</inf> homogeneous oxidation. In addition, the heterogeneous oxidation of SO<inf>2</inf> in the atmosphere was dominated by ferrous iron oxidation in excess O<inf>2</inf>. The main mechanisms of homogeneous oxidation include oxidation in the presence of electric discharge (presumably forming O<inf>3</inf>) and NO<inf>2</inf>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Oxidation
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Coal combustion - Electric discharges - Isotopes - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Heterogeneous oxidation - Homogeneous oxidation - PM2.5 - S isotopes - Sulfate
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 701.1  Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.93e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709111

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 396>

Accession number:20184205947372
Title:Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Downstream Areas of the Aojiang River, Fujian Province
Authors:Zhang, Dan-Dan (1); Guo, Ya-Ping (1); Ren, Hong-Yun (1); Zhou, Xin-Yuan (1); Huang, Fu-Yi (1); Zhang, Xian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Xian(xzhang@iue.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:6
Issue date:June 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2600-2606
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Many cities are located in the downstream areas of rivers. Rapid urbanization may result in drastic changes in the urban river ecosystem. Antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) are considered to be emerging environmental pollutants, which may do harm to the health of humans and may pose a potential risk for urban ecological safety by the dissemination and enrichment of ARGs in urban rivers. In this study, a high-throughput quantitative PCR technique was used to investigate the diversity and abundance of ARGs at three sites in Lianjiang County and the estuary of the Aojiang River, Fujian Province. The results show the abundance of ARGs in the downstream urban area of Lianjiang County (3.9&times;10<sup>10</sup> copies&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) is significantly higher than upstream of the urban area and the estuary of the Aojiang River. A total of 129 ARGs are detected in the downstream urban area, which is higher than in the upstream and the estuary. The results also suggest that ARGs are persistent and not easy to reduce in the natural river following the occurrence of ARGs and indicated that the urban river is an important reservoir of ARGs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Ecosystems - Estuaries - Genes - Health risks - Polymerase chain reaction
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic resistance genes - Antibiotic-resistant genes - Downstream areas - Ecological safety - Environmental pollutants - Quantitative PCR - Rapid urbanizations - Urban river
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 801.2  Biochemistry
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710121

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 397>

Accession number:20184205948097
Title:Influence of Different Patterns of Discharge on Microbial Diffusion in Municipal Treated Wastewater
Authors:Lang, Xiu-Lu (1); Song, Zhi-Wen (1); Xu, Ai-Ling (1); Niu, Cheng-Jie (1); Guo, Ming-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao; 266033, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Ai-Ling(xalcsu@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2380-2388
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Numerous pathogens exist in treated wastewater, leading to possible population health and ecological security risks when treated waste water is reused or discharged. To investigate the influence of different patterns of discharge on microbial diffusion in the municipal treated waste water, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial community structure, dominant flora, and typical pathogens. It was found that those bacteria were distributed in 58 classes. There were 32 species with a relative abundance of more than 1%. While there were only 41 classes in the water sample taken as a direct discharge to the sea, and there were 28 species with relative abundances of more than 1%. The water sample collected as a discharge to the sea through a river displayed higher bacterial diversity than the sample collected as a direct discharge to the sea, indicating that the microorganisms in the treated waste water was more likely to diffuse in when directly discharged to the sea. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria decreased with an increase in the diffusion distance, while the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria increased as the diffusion distance increased. The relative abundance in the water sample collected as a discharge to the sea through a river was higher. The dominant bacteria in the two systems are to Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. However, the dominant bacteria at the class and species levels quite dissimilar in the two systems. The bacterial diversities near the outfall were much higher than that in the seawater (blank sample), and the abundance was higher, which related to sewage treatment. In addition, there was a certain amount of pathogens and potential pathogens, including Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis and Pseudomonas anguilliseptica, which were highly pathogenic. Their relative abundances were still higher after dilution. Arcobacter spp. was related to human and animal diarrhea and bacterial and other diseases. Therefore, the detection of these types of bacteria when the treated waste water is discharged is very important.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Diffusion - Discharge (fluid mechanics) - Health risks - Pathogens - Sewage treatment - Throughput - Wastewater reclamation - Wastewater treatment - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial community structure - Bacterial diversity - Community structures - Diffusion distance - Ecological security - High-throughput sequencing - Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis - Treated wastewater
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.7  Health Care - 461.9  Biology
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 398>

Accession number:20184205948074
Title:Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions in Surface Sediments of Minjiang Mainstreams
Authors:Yang, Geng (1); Qin, Yan-Wen (1); Han, Chao-Nan (1); Ma, Ying-Qun (1); Liu, Zhi-Chao (1); Yang, Chen-Chen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Qin, Yan-Wen(qinyw@craes.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2165-2173
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the total phosphorus pollution in Minjiang River was serious, and the surface sediments of the Minjiang River also threatened water quality. To study the spatial distributions of phosphorus in the surface sediments of the Minjiang River, samples of surface sediments were collected upstream (Aba District) and downstream (Yibin District) of the Minjiang River in December, 2016. The sediments were analyzed with the modified sequential extraction method (SEDEX) to obtain six forms of phosphorus, including exchangeable phosphorus (Ex-P), exchangeable organic phosphorus (Org-P), iron-bound phosphorus (Fe-P), authigenic phosphorus (Ca-P), detrital phosphorus (De-P), and refractory phosphorus (Res-P). The results indicated that the contents of total phosphorus (TP) in surface sediments ranged from 522.17 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> to 979.22 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which were far more than the soil phosphorus background values (700 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>). The spatial distribution characteristics of the TP of surface sediments indicated that the TP concentrations in sediments at the Meishan sections (the middle reach of the Minjiang River) were higher than those in the other sections. This was related to the smaller particle size and higher OM contents in sediments in the Meishan sections. The main phosphorus forms in the sediments in the Minjiang River were Ca-P and De-P, with their concentrations accounting for 75% of TP in the sediments. The bio-available phosphorus, which included Ex-P, Org-P, and Fe-P, accounted for 0.31%-29.62% of TP in the sediments of the Minjiang River. The concentrations of bio-available phosphorus in sediments at the Meishan sections and Leshan sections (the middle reach) were highest, indicating that bio-available phosphorus in the surface sediments was high, and its potential environmental impact risks were higher.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Calcium compounds - Particle size - Phosphorus - Rivers - Spatial distribution - Surficial sediments - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Available phosphorus - Distribution - Distribution characteristics - Minjiang River - Phosphorus form - Phosphorus fractions - Sequential extraction method - Surface sediments
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.10e-01% to 2.96e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708130

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 399>

Accession number:20184205947834
Title:Characteristics of Mercury Transformation in Soil and Accumulation in Rice Plants in an Acidic Purple Paddy Soil Area
Authors:Li, Yu-Qin (1); Sun, Tao (1); Deng, Han (1); Zhang, Cheng (1, 2, 3); Wang, Yong-Min (1, 2, 3); Wang, Ding-Yong (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ding-Yong(dywang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2472-2479
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pot experiment was conducted to analyze the characteristics of mercury (Hg) accumulation during the rice growth period in acidic purple paddy soil. Results showed that the soil total Hg concentration was stable with time during the rice growth period, while methylmercury (MeHg) increased greatly. Therefore, the ratio of MeHg/THg was mainly affected by MeHg concentration. THg concentration in rice plant parts followed the trend: root&gt;grain&gt;stalk&gt;leaf&gt;husk at the mature grain stage, while MeHg concentration followed grain&gt;root&gt;stalk&gt;leaf&gt;husk. The average of MeHg/THg in rice (24.03%) far exceeded that in soil (3.05%), suggesting that rice plants have a strong affinity for MeHg accumulation. This conclusion was supported also by the great difference in average of bio-concentration factors between MeHg (8.16) and THg (2.31) or the transfer factor in the grain, which was more than 1. Moreover, the bio-concentration factor for grain was higher than that for roots, stalks, and leaves, suggesting MeHg was prone to accumulation in grain compared with other part of rice plants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Alkylation - Grain (agricultural product) - Mercury (metal) - Mercury compounds - Methylation - Plants (botany) - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-concentration factors - Hg concentrations - Mercuries (Hg) - Methyl mercury - Pot experiment - Purple paddy soils - Rice plants - Transfer Factor
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 3.05e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709126

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 400>

Accession number:20184205948095
Title:Short-Term Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Northeast Black Soil
Authors:Li, Ping (1, 2); Lang, Man (1, 2); Li, Miao (2); Wei, Wei (2); Li, Kai-Kai (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Lang, Man(mlang@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:5
Issue date:May 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:2360-2367
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A 7-day incubation experiment was conducted at 25&#8451; with 60% water holding capacity (WHC) to study the short-term effects of different fertilization treatments on the regularity of greenhouse gas emissions from northeast black soil. The results showed that application of chemical N fertilizer had no effect on CO<inf>2</inf> emission, as compared with the non-fertilizer control treatment; however, a combined application of N fertilizer with pig manure or straw increased CO<inf>2</inf> emissions by one magnitude compared to that of the chemical N fertilizer treatment, with the effect of chemical N fertilizer and straw being more prominent. Nitrification was the main process resulting in N<inf>2</inf>O emission for the non-fertilizer control and chemical N fertilizer treatments, and the application of chemical N fertilizer had no significant effect on N<inf>2</inf>O emission, as compared with the non-fertilizer control. The combined application of N fertilizer with pig manure or straw promoted the occurrence of denitrification and increased N<inf>2</inf>O emissions by two magnitudes compared to that of the chemical N fertilizer treatment, with the effect of chemical N fertilizer with straw being more remarkable. Compared with the non-fertilizer control, the application of chemical N fertilizer inhibited CH<inf>4</inf> emissions and promoted the slightly absorption of CH<inf>4</inf>, while the combined application of chemical N fertilizer with pig manure or straw increased significantly the emission of CH<inf>4</inf>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Denitrification - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Mammals - Manures - Nitrification - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Black soil - CO2 emissions - Control treatments - Effect of chemicals - Fertilization - N fertilizers - Short-term effects - Water holding capacity
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.92e-02yr, Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201708256

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 401>

Accession number:20184906207351
Title:Ozone Generation Potential and Highly Contributing Substances of NMOCs from Landfill Working Face
Authors:Li, Hao (1); Liu, Yan-Jun (2); Chen, Tan (3); Yan, Qiu-He (1); Dai, Hui-Xiang (1); Wang, Hong-Tao (1); Lu, Wen-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing; 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Hong-Tao(htwang@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4070-4077
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) are major ozone precursors in atmospheric photochemical reactions. The working face of a landfill is a significant source of fugitive NMOC emissions. In order to control tropospheric ozone pollution, it is necessary to minimize NMOCs, and this requires identification of contributing substances. In this study, gas samples were collected from the working face of a landfill and analyzed. Their ozone formation potential was calculated using the propylene-equivalent concentration method and the maximum incremental reactivity method. In total, 36 kinds of substances met the standard for detection frequency and concentration. The average annual concentration of NMOCs was about 10 000 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, with total concentration greatest in summer. Concentrations of materials were as follows: oxygenated compounds&gt;sulfur compounds&gt;halogenated hydrocarbons&gt;benzene series&gt;hydrocarbons. Based on the results of the two calculation methods, ethanol, m-xylene, propylene, ethyl acetate, and n-pentane were found to be significant ozone formation contributors across the whole year. The pattern for spring was similar. Contributors to high ozone formation were ethanol, 1-butene, toluene, cyclohexane, and styrene in summer and spring, while ethanol contributed very significantly in winter. The propylene-equivalent concentration method was found to be more suitable for estimating ozone formation potential from the working face.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Ozone
Controlled terms:Ethanol - Land fill - Methane - Paraffins - Photochemical reactions - Pollution control - Propylene - Styrene - Sulfur compounds - Ternary systems
Uncontrolled terms:Equivalent concentrations - Halogenated hydrocarbons - Highly contributing substances - Maximum incremental reactivities - Non-methane organic compounds(NMOCs) - Oxygenated compounds - Ozone formation potentials - Working face
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 402>

Accession number:20184906207374
Title:Behavior and Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Coking Wastewater of A/O<sup>2</sup> and A/O/H/O Processes
Authors:Wu, Hai-Zhen (1); Sun, Sheng-Li (1); Liu, Guo-Xin (1); Wei, Jing-Yue (2); Wu, Chao-Fei (2); Wei, Chao-Hai (2); Zhong, Lian-Wen (3); Peng, Ya-Huan (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Huaxin Environmental Technology Company, Shaoguan; 512122, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4265-4273
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical organic pollutants found in coking wastewater, and their behavior and reduction can be affected by different treatment processes. Based on these considerations, this study investigated the behaviors of PAHs in coking wastewater under A/O<sup>2</sup> and A/O/H/O treatment processes, respectively. In order to evaluate variations in PAH removal under two different treatment processes, samples were taken from different treatment units for quantification of PAHs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results showed that PAHs were barely degraded in anaerobic tanks of either treatment process and accumulated much higher concentrations than in aerobic and hydrolytic tanks. While low molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs) in aqueous phase from anaerobic tanks were degraded effectively in aerobic tanks, high molecular weight PAHs (HMW PAHs) mostly accumulated in the sludge phase; these potentially pose a higher environmental risk and therefore need to be treated separately. Moreover, the A/O/H/O process showed higher degradation of PAHs bioavailability and higher removal effectiveness for PAHs with four or more benzene rings than the A/O<sup>2</sup> process; this is attributed to the hydrolytic tank's ability to promote hydrolysis of macromolecular organic compounds and therefore improve biodegradability of PAHs. Comprehensive results from the study indicated that the A/O/H/O process is more advantageous for degradation of PAHs than the A/O<sup>2</sup> process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Aromatization - Biochemistry - Biodegradability - Biodegradation - Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbons - Mass spectrometry - Mineral oils - Molecular weight - Organic pollutants  - Tanks (containers) - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:A/O/H/O - A/O^2 - Coking wastewater - Different treatments - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - High molecular weight - Low molecular weight - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS)
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 619.2  Tanks - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 403>

Accession number:20184906207379
Title:Effect of HRT on Nitrogen Removal Using ANAMMOX and Heterotrophic Denitrification
Authors:An, Fang-Jiao (1); Zhao, Zhi-Chao (1); Huang, Li (2); Huang, Jian-Ming (1); Shao, Zhao-Wei (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Lanzhou Railway Design Institute Company Limited, Lanzhou; 730000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4302-4309
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Real domestic sewage was first treated in SBR and partial nitrification was achieved. When average concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and COD were 37.27, 39.97, and 120 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the effluent was delivered as influent of an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (ASBR). The effect of different HRTs (36 h, 33 h, 30 h, 27 h) on nitrogen removal of ANAMMOX and heterotrophic denitrification were investigated under conditions of temperature of 24&#8451; and pH of 7.2&plusmn;0.2. Results showed that &#9312; nitrogen removal efficiency was optimum with HRT of 33 h. The average total nitrogen load rate(TNLR)and total nitrogen removal rate(TNRR)were 0.056 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and 0.050 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The average effluent concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and COD were 1.36, 0.47, and 49.79 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and removal rates were 96.30%, 98.83%, and 56.17%, respectively. &Delta;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and &Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were 1.17 and 0.15, 0.15 and 0.11 less than theoretical ANAMMOX values (1.32, 0.26) due to heterotrophic denitrification. &#9313; The contribution of ANAMMOX to nitrogen removal decreased; however, the contribution of heterotrophic denitrification to nitrogen removal gradually increased with decreasing HRT. This provides a point of reference for ANAMMOX in engineering applications.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Effluents - Nitrogen oxides - Sewage - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ASBR - Contribution rate - Domestic sewage - Removal performance
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.20e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.98e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 5.62e+01%, Percentage 9.63e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%, Time 1.08e+05s, Time 1.19e+05s, Time 1.30e+05s, Time 9.72e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802033

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 404>

Accession number:20184906207356
Title:Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Fractions in the Ning-Meng Section of the Yellow River and Relationship with Metal Ions
Authors:Xi, Yue (1); Wang, Ting (1); Ni, Jin-Ren (1); Han, Peng (1); Yi, Ma-Lan (1); Zheng, Tong (1); Jiang, Yong (1); Ma, Ruo-Qi (1); Cui, Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China 
Corresponding author:Han, Peng(hanpeng@iee.pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4114-4121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is an important element of natural aquatic systems. Due to differences in their hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties and various functional groups, chemical appearances of DOM fractions also vary. In this study, seven natural waters, extending from Xiaheyan to Toudaoguai along the Ning-Meng section of the Yellow river, were sampled in April 2015. Four DOM fractions were obtained by pumping through XAD-4 and XAD-8 resins, i.e., hydrophobic acid (HOA), hydrophobic base (HOB), weak hydrophobic acid (WHOA), and hydrophilic matter (HYI). Based on detection by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEM) and correlation analysis, relationships with five metal ions (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, As) were analyzed. Results show that DOC gradually increased along an upstream to downstream continuum in the Ning-Meng section. HYI (small molecular proteins) was the main DOM fraction present, followed by HOA, suggesting enhanced microbial-sourced impact from industrial sewage discharges. The significant peaks of humic-like (A, C) and protein-like compounds (T<inf>1</inf>) in the EEM chart further highlight the effect of endogenous pollution caused by wastewater. Furthermore, SPSS fitting results indicate that DOM is correlated with all five metal ions, especially with Cu. In terms of the four DOM fractions, HYI showed the strongest correlation with Cu, illustrating the significant relationship between HYI and Cu during the migration and transformation process. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity of protein-like compounds decreased with increasing Cu concentration, possibly due to fluorescence quenching caused by complexation between Cu and proteins in HYI.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Copper
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Dissolution - Fluorescence quenching - Heavy metals - Hydrophilicity - Hydrophobicity - Metal ions - Proteins - Resins  - River pollution - Rivers - Sewage - Water pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence intensities - Hydrophilic matter(HYI) - Hydrophobic/hydrophilic - Natural aquatic systems - Transformation process - XAD resin
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 531.1  Metallurgy - 544.1  Copper - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712249

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 405>

Accession number:20184906207370
Title:Effects of Different Substrates and Particle Sizes on Wastewater Purification
Authors:Zhao, Lin-Li (1, 2); Shao, Xue-Xin (1); Wu, Ming (1); Jiang, Xiao-San (2); Lu, Lin-Ying (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Hangzhou Bay, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou; 311400, China; (2) College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Ming(hangzhoubay@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4236-4241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Choosing suitable substrate is key to improving the efficiency of wetland decontamination. However, little is known about the effect of particle size. In order to study the effect of substrate type and size on COD, TN, and TP removal from sewage, 1-2, 2-4, and 4-8 mm zeolite, 2-4, 4-8, and 8-16 mm gravel, and 2-4, 3-5, and 6-8 mm anthracite were selected for establishment of the constructed system of experimental media with three replications. Results showed that removal efficiency of COD, TN, and TP varied with different particle sizes of the same material. The greatest COD removal was achieved with 4-8 mm zeolite and gravel and 6-8 mm anthracite, with removal rates of 53.74%, 60.76%, and 62.93%, respectively. Denitrification is the main pattern of nitrogen removal in the artificial test column; results show that smaller particle size is more effective for removal of TN. The removal rate of TP is also higher with smaller sizes of gravel and anthracite, but the opposite pattern occurred with zeolite. The removal of COD, TP, and TN also varied by substrate type. Anthracite led to good removal of COD, TP, and TN. Zeolite was most effective for removal of TN but had lower removal of TP. Gravel has high removal rate for COD, and has a general removal effect on TP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Anthracite - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Efficiency - Gravel - Particle size - Sewage - Substrates - Wetlands - Zeolites
Uncontrolled terms:Constructed wetlands - Different particle sizes - Different substrates - High removal rates - Removal efficiencies - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Wastewater purification
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.37e+01%, Percentage 6.08e+01%, Percentage 6.29e+01%, Size 4.00e-03m to 8.00e-03m, Size 6.00e-03m to 8.00e-03m, Size 8.00e-03m to 1.60e-02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712009

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 406>

Accession number:20184906207383
Title:Effects of Straw and Biochar Addition on Soil Carbon Balance and Ecological Benefits in a Rape-maize Rotation Planting System
Authors:Li, Jiao (1); Tian, Dong (1); Huang, Rong (1); Xu, Guo-Xin (1); Li, Jia-Cheng (1); Gao, Ming (1); Wang, Zi-Fang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Zi-Fang(zifangw@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4338-4347
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of different straw and biochar applications on the carbon balance of a farmland ecosystem were studied under a rape-maize rotation planting system. The study explored impact of straw and biochar addition on soil carbon sequestration. A field experiment was carried out at the National Monitor Station of Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency of Purple Soils (Chongqing, China). Five treatments, i.e., control (CK, no organic material), straw only (CS), straw and microorganism (CSD), half straw and half biochar (CSBC), and biochar only (BC), were applied. In-situ cumulative emissions of soil total carbon were subsequently monitored. Based on field experiment and survey data, carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, and and economic and environmental benefits were analyzed for soil respiration, soil carbon pool, crop carbon pool, as well as the cost of agricultural inputs after straw and biochar application. The main results were: &#9312;Accumulative emissions of soil carbon during two planting seasons were all higher with treatment than in CK, and the differences between CS, CSD, and CK were significant (P&lt;0.05). &#9313;Compared with CK, both straw and biochar treatments increased crop yield (by 1.49%-3.92%) and crop net primary productivity (NPP) increased by 4.44%-17.90%. Largest yields and NPP during both seasons were achieved with CSD.&#9314;Net carbon sequestration was positive during both seasons in all treatments without CK, indicating a carbon sink effect. The highest net carbon sequestration was obtained with CSD (9.05 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) and BC (10.75 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) treatments. The lowest carbon emissions were obtained with the BC treatment, with emissions 62.69%-81.86% lower than CK. &#9315;The highest production to cost ratio was obtained with CS treatments during the rape planting season. Application of only biochar reduced the production to cost ratio but increased the carbon trading income (466.95-561.22 yuan&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>).&#9316;BC treatment increased carbon productivity (C<inf>P</inf>) in both seasons, while the economic (C<inf>J</inf>) and ecological benefits(C<inf>E</inf>) of BC treatment were significantly lower than with other treatments. The addition of straw increases economic and ecological benefits; however, addition of biochar reduces such benefits.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Carbon - Costs - Crops - Economic and social effects - Ecosystems - Emission control - Fertilizers - Forestry - Soils - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Carbon balance - Carbon benefits - Carbon productivities - Economic and environmental benefits - Net primary productivity - Purple soils - Soil carbon sequestration
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 911  Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 971  Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.49e+00% to 3.92e+00%, Percentage 4.44e+00% to 1.79e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+01% to 8.19e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712051

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 407>

Accession number:20184906207380
Title:Reactivation Performance of Nitrosation Flocculent Sludge After Long-term Storage
Authors:Li, Tian (1); Wei, Fan-Kai (1); Wang, Yu-Chang (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3); Wu, Peng (1, 2, 3); Song, Yin-Ling (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Peng(wupengniu@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4310-4316
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the nitrogen removal performance of nitrosation flocculent sludge subject to long-term storage, nitrosation flocculent sludge which had been stored at 4&#8451; for ten months was inoculated in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) to investigate its activity recovery performance. MiSeq high throughput sequencing technology was also employed to analyze the structure of the microbial community before and after reactivation. Results showed that, under DO control of DO 0.4-0.8 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, pH value of about 8 and temperature of (30&plusmn;1)&#8451;, the sludge could be reactivated in 15 days. Both the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and the accumulation ratio of nitrite nitrogen were higher than 90%. The color of the sludge quickly changed from grey at early inoculation to brown, while the sludge volume index (SVI) quickly decreased and both mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS)/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and extracellular polymer substances (EPS) significantly increased. With the recovery of nitrosation performance, anaerobic and heterotrophic bacteria were washed out, the relative abundance of ammomia-oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrosomonas significantly increased, while the growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrospria was selectively inhibited. Nitrosation flocculent sludge could be inoculated after long-term storage to achieve rapid start-up of partial nitrification and allow practical application of partial nitrification processes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Chemical reactors - Nitrification - Tanks (containers)
Uncontrolled terms:Continuous stirred tank reactor - Extracellular polymer substance - Flocculent sludge - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial community structures - Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Reactivation
Classification code:619.2  Tanks - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.11e-02yr, Mass_Density 4.00e-04kg/m3 to 8.00e-04kg/m3, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802118

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 408>

Accession number:20184906207366
Title:Effects of Aquaculture on Ammonia-oxidizing Prokaryotes in Sediments of Eastern Lake Taihu
Authors:Chu, Yu (1, 2); He, Xiao-Wei (1, 2); Zeng, Jin (2); Zhao, Da-Yong (1); Sun, Qiang (3); Cao, Ping (3); Wu, Qing-Long (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) Taihu Fishery Management Committee Office, Suzhou; 215004, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Da-Yong(dyzhao@hhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4206-4214
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in sediments of an aquacultural area of Eastern Lake Taihu were investigated. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyze the abundance of archaeal and bacterial amoA genes. Cloned libraries were constructed to investigate the structure and diversity of the microbial community. By comparing community characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in different zones, we found that: &#9312;Copy numbers of the bacterial amoA gene outnumbered those of archaeal amoA genes in the aquacultural zone; &#9313;Diversity of AOA and AOB was higher in the aquaculture zone and control zone, respectively; &#9314; The dominant cluster of AOA and AOB in both sediments of aquiculture zone and control zone was Nitrosopumilus and Nitrosospira respectively. It was therefore the community structure of AOA (rather than AOB) in lake sediments that was affected by aquacultural activity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Aquaculture - Cloning - Genes - Lakes - Polymerase chain reaction - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Ammonia-oxidizing archaea - Ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes - Community structures - Lake taihu - Microbial communities - Real-time quantitative PCR
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8.1  Genetic Engineering - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711110

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 409>

Accession number:20184906207375
Title:Effects of Long-term Side Stream Extracton on Phosphorus Removal and Recovery Performance of EBPR System
Authors:Yu, Xiao-Jun (1); Li, Jie (1); Zhou, Meng (1); Song, Lu (1); Li, Wei-Wei (2); Wang, Ya-E (1); Ma, Juan (1, 3); L&uuml;, Hui (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Gansu Light Industry Research Institute, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (3) Gansu Wastewater Treatment Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (4) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Juan(meggyma@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4274-4280
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with alternating anaerobic/oxic (An/O) operation was employed to investigate nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance and corresponding phosphate recovery effect of an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system when extracting side stream ratios of 0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 anaerobic phosphorus supernatant. The operation involved three runs within 310 days. Removal efficiencies of COD and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were found to be relatively stable over the entire experimental period and effluent could meet standard A of the national discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants. Total nitrogen removal improved due to enhancement of denitrification capability during the anaerobic phase, and the standard-reaching rate increased from 88.2% to 98.6%. Although phosphate releasing capability gradually decreased, phosphorus removal performances of the former two runs were stable and efficient. The removal rate was&gt;90% and the corresponding standard-reaching rate was&gt;75%. Nevertheless, phosphorus removal performance began to fluctuate with a side stream ratio of 1/2 during the third run. The lowest phosphorus removal rate was 54.2%, contributing to a 60% non-standard-reaching rate in this run. This suggests that long-term extraction of 1/2 side stream supernatant is not favorable for maintaining stable effluent of the main process. It was also found that long-term phosphate recovery through side stream extraction allowed reduction of sludge mass and had little impact on sludge settling performance. As a result, it is feasible to extract an appropriate side stream ratio of anaerobic supernatant to recover phosphate, combined with efficient removal of both nitrogen and phosphorus in the main process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Extraction - Nitrogen removal - Recovery - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic supernatant - Enhanced biological phosphorus removal - Long-term - Phosphate recovery - Side streams
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.49e-01yr, Percentage 5.42e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 8.82e+01% to 9.86e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 410>

Accession number:20184906207349
Title:Enrichment Levels and Comprehensive Pollution Assessment of Dust Heavy Metals in Winter in Beijing
Authors:Xiong, Qiu-Lin (1, 2); Zhao, Wen-Ji (2); Li, Da-Jun (1); Zhou, Tao (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Geomatics, East China University of Technology, Nanchang; 330013, China; (2) School of Resources, Environment &amp; Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (3) College of Tourism and Urban Rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu; 610059, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wen-Ji(zhwenji1215@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4051-4059
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dust reflects the natural subsidence of particles and is thus generally accepted as an important environmental indicator. Dust heavy metals find their way into soil or water via atmospheric deposition, potentially damaging plants, aquatic organisms, as well as human beings. In order to study the concentration levels, enrichment degrees, and comprehensive pollution characteristics of the dust heavy metals Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, V, Bi, and Mo in winter in Beijing, 49 groups of dust samples were collected from different locations within the city from November 2013 to March 2014. Heavy metal content (mass percentage) was then measured using Elan DRC &#8545; type inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results showed that the average content of Cd, Bi, and Mo was less than 10 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, that of Co, Ni, and V was between 10 and 100 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, while that of Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn was more than 100 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The amount of Cd, Zn, and Cu in dust samples was generally higher than their secondary standard values in the soil environment. The secondary standard excess rates of Cd, Zn, and Cu were 100 %, 97 %, and 93.9 % in urban environments, and 100 %, 100 %, and 81.2 % in suburban environments, respectively. Results also indicated slight enrichment of Bi, Cu, Ni, and Pb, mainly derived from crustal or soil sources, while Cd, Cr, Mo, and Zn, exhibited mild enrichment, caused by a combination of natural and artificial sources. The paper proposes a "dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index" model, based on the traditional single pollution assessment method, so as to explore comprehensive pollution characteristics of dust heavy metals in Beijing. Results for the dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index in Beijing City were in the order of Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;V&gt;Co. Cd, Zn, Cu, and Pb were identified as key pollution factors, with Cd and Zn as primary factors. Results for the dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index in Beijing suburbs was Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;Co&gt;V. Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cr were key pollution factors, with Cd and Zn as primary factors.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Aquatic organisms - Dust - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Meteorological problems - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric depositions - Concentration levels - Enrichment factors - Environmental indicators - Heavy metal contents - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries (ICPMS) - Key pollution factors - Pollution index
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801  Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.12e+01%, Percentage 9.39e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707194

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 411>

Accession number:20184906207364
Title:Impact of Human Activities on Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs (NANI) at Township Scale in Erhai Lake Basin
Authors:Li, Ying (1); Liu, Hong-Bin (1); Lei, Qiu-Liang (1); Hu, Wan-Li (2); Wang, Hong-Yuan (1); Zhai, Li-Mei (1); Ren, Tian-Zhi (3); Lian, Hui-Shu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resources &amp; Environment, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming; 650205, China; (3) Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China 
Corresponding author:Lei, Qiu-Liang(leiqiuliang@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4189-4198
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Excessive nitrogen inputs from human activities have become the main cause of water eutrophication and related ecological hazards. In order to study the impact of human activities on nitrogen in the basin, and based on statistical data of administrative units in 16 towns and villages, this study used the NANI model to calculate net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) at township scale in Erhai Lake basin. Results show that the total amount of NANI in Erhai Lake basin was 29.81&times;10<sup>3</sup> t in 2014, and nitrogen input intensity per unit area was 10 986 kg&bull;(km<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, significantly higher than the national average. The input of nitrogen from food by the local tourist population was 0.26&times;10<sup>3</sup> t, accounting for 8% of local food nitrogen input. Nitrogen input from chemical fertilizer is the largest NANI input source, accounting for 47% of net nitrogen input in the basin, followed by net nitrogen input of food and feed. The spatial distribution of NANI at township scale shows evident regionalization, with higher values in the north and lower values in the south of the basin. The intensity of NANI in towns with cropland or population is high. The corresponding risk of nitrogen pollution in Erhai Lake basin is therefore a primary concern, and will remain so in the near future.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms:Eutrophication - Lakes - Nitrogen
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Ecological hazards - Erhai lake basins - Human activities - Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs(NANI) - Nitrogen pollution - Township scale - Water eutrophication
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.70e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 412>

Accession number:20184906207381
Title:Analysis of Characteristics and Sources of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils in the Xijiang River Draining of Guangxi
Authors:Song, Bo (1, 2); Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Pang, Rui (1); Yang, Zi-Jie (1); Bin, Juan (1); Zhou, Zi-Yang (1); Chen, Tong-Bin (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Tong-Bin(chentb@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4317-4326
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to determine the distribution characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils and related influencing factors in the Xijiang River Basin, 2 187 farmland soil samples were collected and their heavy metal contents were tested. The spatial structure and distribution characteristics of heavy metal elements were studied using a combination of geostatistics theory and GIS spatial interpolation. The potential ecological risk index was employed for risk assessment. Multivariate statistical methods, such as correlation analysis and principal component analysis, were used to analyze heavy metal sources. Results showed that farmland soils in the Basin were enriched with seven kinds of heavy metal to some extent, with Cd accumulation being the most evident. T-test independent samples results showed significant differences in heavy metal content between dry and field paddy soils (P&lt;0.05). Cd content in paddy soils was significantly higher than in corresponding dry land soils. Cd in farmland soils in Xijiang River exhibited higher potential ecological risk. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that enrichment of Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Cu in soil was due to anthropogenic factors such as mining activities, traffic, and sewage irrigation, while Ni and Cr were influenced by natural factors, such as soil parent material. High-content areas of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the upper reaches of the basin are all distributed in the Diaojiang River basin and the Dahuanjiang River basin. Cd was most widely distributed. The most intensive sampling sites indicated that mining activities have caused some degree of heavy metal pollution in local farmland soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Farms - Fertilizers - Heavy metals - Irrigation - Land reclamation - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment  - Rivers - Sewage - Soil pollution - Soils - Spatial distribution - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution characteristics - Ecological risks - Heavy metal pollution - Multivariate statistical method - Potential ecological risk - River basins - Source analysis - Spatial interpolation
Classification code:442.2  Land Reclamation - 444.1  Surface Water - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712161

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 413>

Accession number:20184906207347
Title:Concentrations, Sources, and Dry Deposition Fluxes of Different Forms of Phosphorus in Qingdao Aerosols in Summer
Authors:Wang, Nan (1); Ma, Miao (1); Shi, Jin-Hui (1, 2); Gao, Hui-Wang (1, 2); Yao, Xiao-Hong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Jin-Hui(engroup@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4034-4041
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected in Qingdao from June to July 2016. Different forms of phosphorus in these samples-including total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were analyzed to investigate their distribution characteristics and sources, as well as their dry deposition fluxes. Results showed that the mass concentration of TP in aerosols was (49.3&plusmn;30.6) ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and the concentration of DP was (15.5&plusmn;10.4) ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, accounting for 30.9%&plusmn;11.0% of TP. DIP dominated in dissolved state P, contributing about 60%. The sources of different forms of P were analyzed, showing that the P in Qingdao aerosols in summer was derived from both crustal and anthropogenic sources, with the latter including biomass burning and agricultural fertilization. TP was mainly derived from soil sources, which contributed 38%, while the contribution of agricultural activities and industrial sources was about 20%. DIP in DP was mainly derived from agricultural activities and combustion sources, with contributions of 51% and 24%, respectively. DOP was mainly derived from soil sources and agricultural activities, contributing 41% and 27% respectively. The dry deposition flux of TP in Qingdao was (51.7&plusmn;31.7) &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, of which 23.2%&plusmn;8.2% was the water-soluble fraction. DOP in the total dry deposition flux of DP was non-negligible, accounting for 40%. The atmospheric deposition of soluble P would support phytoplankton carbon production of (0.5&plusmn;0.3) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, contributing about 1% to new productivity in the Yellow Sea.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Deposition
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Agriculture - Dissolution - Meteorological problems - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved inorganic phosphorus - Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) - Dissolved phosphorus - Dry deposition fluxes - Total phosphorus
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+01%, Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+01%, Percentage 5.10e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802089

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 414>

Accession number:20184906207340
Title:Emission Inventory and Prediction of Non-road Machineries in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Authors:Huang, Cheng (1); An, Jing-Yu (1); Lu, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Protection of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3965-3975
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An air pollutant emission inventory of non-road machineries for the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region was developed, based on local surveys and relative indicator predictions for cities in the region. Population, fuel consumption, and air pollutant emissions of non-road machineries were predicted for the period 2005 to 2025. The population of non-road machineries in the YRD region in 2014 was 8.23&times;10<sup>6</sup> units, diesel consumption was about 9.95&times;10<sup>6</sup> t, and SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, CO, VOCs, PM<inf>10</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions were 5.5&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 4.9&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 7.6&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 1.1&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 2.9&times;10<sup>4</sup>, and 2.7&times;10<sup>4</sup> t, respectively. Agricultural machineries accounted for 93% of the total population, with their CO and VOC emissions contributing 88% and 77% of respective totals. Construction machineries contributed 49% and 35% of NO<inf>x</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions. Air pollutant emissions from non-road machineries were mainly concentrated in the middle and northern cities of the YRD region. During the period 2005-2014, the growth rates of population, fuel consumption, and air pollutant emissions of non-road machineries in the YRD region were relatively high. It is estimated that growth will be slowing down in 2020 and 2025. Diesel consumption will increase by 2% and 8% in 2020 and 2025, respectively, compared with 2014 levels. By 2020, SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, CO, VOCs, PM<inf>10</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions will decrease by 97%, 10%, 3%, 10%, 11%, and 11%, respectively; by 2025, these decreases will reach 97%, 16%, 3%, 15%, 21%, and 21%, respectively. It is expected that air pollutant emissions from non-road machineries will continue to decline in future. However, the decreasing trend of NO<inf>x</inf>, VOCs, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions from motor vehicles reached 22%, 50%, and 48%, much greater than that of non-road machinery. The emission contributions of non-road machinery will become increasingly significant in future. It is necessary to accelerate the scrappage of old machinery and to further promote emission standards for new machinery to reduce emissions from non-road machineries.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Air quality - Construction equipment - Nitrogen oxides - Population statistics - Rivers - Roads and streets - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Air pollutant emission - Construction machinery - Diesel consumption - Emission inventories - Emission projections - Emission standard - Non-road machineries - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:405.1  Construction Equipment - 406.2  Roads and Streets - 451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.10e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 4.80e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 7.70e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 415>

Accession number:20184906207344
Title:Mass Concentrations and Size Distributions of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Atmospheric Aerosols in Beibei District, Chongqing
Authors:Li, Yan-Pei (1); Hao, Qing-Ju (1); Wen, Tian-Xue (2); Ji, Dong-Sheng (2); Liu, Zi-Rui (2); Wang, Yue-Si (2); Jiang, Chang-Sheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Chang-Sheng(jiangcs@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4002-4013
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the concentration and distribution characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in aerosol particles of the Beibei district of Chongqing, aerosol samples were collected with an Andersen cascade impactor between March 2014 and February 2015. Water-soluble inorganic ions, including Na<sup>+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, F<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> were determined for different particle sizes (9.00, 5.80, 4.70, 3.30, 2.10, 1.10, 0.65, and 0.43 &mu;m) using the ion chromatography method. Results showed that SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup> were mainly distributed in fine particles, while Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, and F<sup>-</sup> were mainly present in coarse particles. SNA (SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) exhibited clear unimodal distribution, with peaks in the droplet mode of 0.65-1.10 &mu;m, mainly present in the form of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> in fine particles. The formation of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> is mainly attributed to in-cloud processes and partly to oxidation of SO<inf>2</inf>. Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> exhibited bimodal distribution in coarse and fine particles; K<sup>+</sup> was a single peak distribution in the range of 0.43-1.10 &mu;m, while peaks of F<sup>-</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations were in coarse particles. Average annual concentrations of total water-soluble ions in PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf> were (32.68&plusmn;15.28) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>and (48.01&plusmn;19.66) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> over the observation period. Seasonal variations of PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf>concentrations decreased in the order of winter&gt;spring&gt;summer&gt;autumn. This was the same for most ions, but a small number of ions (F<sup>-</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>) had a different pattern in the spring, summer, and winter. The SNA were the major components of water-soluble ions in PM<inf>2.1</inf>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> was the major component of water-soluble ions in PM<inf>9.0</inf> besides SNA. The concentration of cations was significantly higher than that of anions' in PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf>, with a certain correlation between different ions. Emissions from motor vehicle exhaust, combustion processes, soil sources, and fugitive dust were the major sources of water-soluble ions in this area. The effect of air temperature on secondary ions is significant (P&lt;0.05), but relative humidity and wind speed have no significant effect (P&gt;0.05).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:59
Main heading:Ions
Controlled terms:Atmospheric aerosols - Atmospheric humidity - Ion chromatography - Meteorological instruments - Nitrogen compounds - Size distribution - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Different particle sizes - Distribution characteristics - PM2.1 - PM9.0 - Seasonal variation - Unimodal distribution - Water soluble inorganic ions - Water-soluble ions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 801  Chemistry - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.30e-07m to 1.10e-06m, Size 4.30e-07m, Size 6.50e-07m to 1.10e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712077

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 416>

Accession number:20184906207363
Title:Effect of Zirconium-modified Zeolite Addition on Phosphorus Release and Immobilization in Heavily Polluted River Sediment
Authors:He, Si-Qi (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Lin, Jian-Wei (1); Zhan, Yan-Hui (1); Li, Juan-Ying (1); Xing, Yun-Qing (1); Gao, Chun-Mei (1); Huang, Hong (1); Liang, Shu-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, Jian-Wei(jwlin@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4179-4188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of zirconium-modified zeolite (ZrMZ) addition on the release and immobilization of phosphorus in heavily polluted river sediment was investigated using microcosm incubation experiments. Results showed that addition of ZrMZ to sediment greatly reduced concentrations of P in pore water and overlying water, also reducing the release flux of P across the interface between overlying water and sediment. The addition of ZrMZ to sediment resulted in the transformation of NH<inf>4</inf>Cl extractable P (NH<inf>4</inf>Cl-P), Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/NaHCO<inf>3</inf> extractable P (BD-P), and HCl extractable P (HCl-P) into NaOH extractable P (NaOH-rP) and residual P (Res-P) in sediment, thereby leading to the reduction of mobile P (sum of NH<inf>4</inf>Cl-P and BD-P) in sediment. Content of bioavailable P (BAP) including water soluble P (WSP), readily desorbable P (RDP), iron oxide paper strip extractable P (FeO-P), and anion resin extractable P (Resin-P) in sediment also declined following addition of ZrMZ. Control of P release from sediment by ZrMZ could be due to reduction of P in pore water and immobilization of P in sediment. Results of this work indicate that ZrMZ is very promising for controlling P release from sediments in heavily polluted rivers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Iron oxides - Phosphorus - Radioactive waste vitrification - Resins - River pollution - Rivers - Sodium hydroxide - Water - Waterworks  - Zeolites - Zirconium - Zirconium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Anion resins - Bioavailable - Modified zeolite - Overlying water - Phosphorus release - Polluted rivers - Release - Watersoluble
Classification code:446  Waterworks - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801116

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 417>

Accession number:20184906207355
Title:Composition, Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River
Authors:Zhao, Xia-Ting (1); Li, Shan (1); Wang, Zhao-Wei (1); Xie, Xiao-Yun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou; 730000, China 
Corresponding author:Xie, Xiao-Yun(xiexiaoyun@lzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4105-4113
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in riverine systems can be affected by environmental conditions and land-use, and can thus provide important information regarding anthropogenic activities in surrounding landscapes. It can modify the optical properties of waters and affect the balance and availability of dissolved nutrients and metals in water bodies. However, the characteristics of CDOM in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River have not yet been reported. In this study, the optical properties of water samples collected at 32 locations during April 2017 across the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River were examined using UV-VIS and excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), to determine CDOM compositional changes, spatial distribution characteristics, and sources. Cluster analysis was used to categorize samples into groups of similar pollution levels within a study area. Results showed that CDOM was primarily comprised of low molecular weight organic substances with aromatic structure belonging to complex "protein-like-humic-like" substances, and dominated by protein-like substances (organism sources). Two humic-like components (C1, C4), one tryptophan-like component (C2), and one non-humic-like component (C3) were identified by PARAFAC. Tryptophan-like substances were predominant in the components of CDOM, accounting for 51.06% of average total fluorescence intensity. Humic-like materials and non-humic-like substances accounted for 36.74% and 12.20%, respectively. Weak correlations were observed between protein-like substances and humic-like substances, indicating different sources of these components. The distribution of total fluorescence intensity showed a distinct spatial pattern; trends in fluorescence intensity were weak-strong-weak along an upstream to downstream continuum, mainly affected by changes in the content of protein-like substances. The spatial variation of the CDOM in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River can therefore be assessed based on protein-like materials dynamics. Public spaces along rivers offer opportunities for community gatherings and recreational activities. However, high-intensity anthropogenic activities strongly influence CDOM concentration and composition in this area in different ways; sources include increased residential/commercial wastewater, catering, water recreation facilities pollution, shipping, and a small amount of industrial discharge. In addition, it was concluded that endogenetic pollution may become the main source of internal loading in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River, implying that stronger endogenetic pollution control is needed to alleviate CDOM pollution and improve water quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biogeochemistry - Cluster analysis - Dissolution - Factor analysis - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Land use - Multivariant analysis - Optical emission spectroscopy  - Optical properties - Organic compounds - Proteins - Quality control - Rivers - Spatial distribution - Water pollution control - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption property - Chromophoric dissolved organic matter - Fluorescence properties - Parallel factor analysis - Yellow river
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 481.2  Geochemistry - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 941.4  Optical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 3.67e+01%, Percentage 5.11e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711181

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 418>

Accession number:20184906207369
Title:Distribution Characteristics of Sulfonamides and Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Bacteria in Tannery Wastewater Treatment Processes
Authors:Hua, Li (1); Li, Lu (1); Yang, Chun-Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an; 710021, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4229-4235
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study investigated abundance and distribution of three sulfonamides and sulfonamide-resistant bacteria in the wastewater treatment processes of two tannery wastewater plants, as well as the extent of their removal in different treatment units of the plants. Results showed that the three sulfonamides were detected in two different tannery wastewater treatment processes, with total content in water samples of 59.1-706.7 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The content of sulfonamides in excess sludge samples from the two plants was 4 388 ng&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>and 2 979.4 ng&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Antibiotic content was therefore similar to that in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The three sulfonamides were removed in two different sewage treatment processes; both led to removal extents&gt;70%. Antibiotic removal extent was relatively high in the biological unit, especially in anaerobic tanks (removal extent&gt;50%). Eight strains of resistant bacteria were screened out from influent, effluent, and excess sludge samples of the two plants. These were identified as five kinds of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria. The content of resistant bacteria in influent and effluent was between 9.37&times;10<sup>3</sup>-5.08&times;10<sup>5</sup> CFU&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup>and the content of sulfonamides was 1.17&times;10<sup>7</sup> CFU&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>and 7.2&times;10<sup>6</sup> CFU&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>in excess sludge samples. The removal extent of sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria in the two plants was 1.34 log and 2.15 log, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Amides - Antibiotics - Bacteria - Effluents - Reclamation - Sewage treatment - Sulfur compounds - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Abundance - Antibiotic-resistant bacteria - Distribution characteristics - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Sewage treatment process - Tannery wastewater - Tannery wastewater treatment - Wastewater treatment process
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.91e-08kg/m3 to 7.07e-07kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710173

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 419>

Accession number:20184906207382
Title:Soil Organic Carbon of Purple Soil as Affected by Different Application of Biochar
Authors:Luo, Mei (1); Tian, Dong (1); Gao, Ming (1); Huang, Rong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Ming(gaoming@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4327-4337
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the most important part of the soil carbon pool and soil labile organic carbon is a key indicator of changes in the soil carbon pool. In order to study changes in SOC and its labile components with different biochar additions to soil, a field experiment was conducted at Chongqing National Purple Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency of Long-Term Monitoring Station. Different amounts of biochar (0 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, CK; 4 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, 0.5 BC; 8 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, BC; 16 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, 2BC) combined with fertilizer were applied to purple soil in this hilly area. SOC and soil labile carbon content were determined for purple soil rape-maize rotation systems. Results showed that: &#9312; Application of biochar can significantly improve SOC content; within a certain range, the amount of added biochar is correlated with SOC content. The content of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) increased with application of 8 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> biochar, but decreased with application of 4 000 and 16 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>. The content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and readily oxidized carbon (ROC) in soil increased with different amounts of biochar; the highest DOC (198.83 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) and ROC (4.86 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) were obtained under low biochar addition treatments. &#9313; The application of biochar significantly decreases the ratio of soil ROC to SOC and microbial entropy. The ratio of soil ROC to SOC and microbial entropy of 0.5 BC treatment are 20.45% and 4.11%, respectively, lower than for CK. Moreover, 0.5 BC and BC treatments can significantly improve the ratio of soil DOC to SOC. In summary, biochar addition in soil leads to low soil microbial activity but higher soil stability. An appropriate biochar treatment can stimulate accumulation of SOC, and 0.5BC treatment can improve soil DOC and ROC.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Entropy - Fertilizers - Organic carbon - Stream flow
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Dissolved organic carbon - Fertilizer efficiency - Long term monitoring - SMBC - Soil microbial activities - Soil microbial biomass carbons - Soil organic carbon
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.04e+01%, Percentage 4.11e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711067

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 420>

Accession number:20184906207386
Title:Effects of Different Levels of Irrigation with Reclaimed Water on Soil Enzyme Activity and Distribution of Thermotolerant Coliforms
Authors:Han, Yang (1, 2); Li, Ping (1, 3); Qi, Xue-Bin (1, 3); Cui, Bing-Jian (1, 3); Chang, Di (1, 2); Ma, Huan-Huan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453003, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Water Environment Factor Risk Assessment Laboratory of Agricultural Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang; 453003, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, Xue-Bin(qxb6301@sina.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4366-4374
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study aimed to discern the effect of different levels of irrigation with reclaimed water on soil enzyme activities and on the distribution of thermotolerant coliforms. The effects of two irrigation water qualities (reclaimed water and tap water) and two irrigation levels (full irrigation and insufficient irrigation) on soil enzyme activity and distribution of thermotolerant coliforms were studied through indoor soil column irrigation. Results indicated that: &#9312; Reclaimed water irrigation increased soil urease and invertase activity compared with tap water under the same irrigation conditions. Compared with insufficient irrigation with reclaimed water, full irrigation with reclaimed water significantly increased soil invertase activity and deep soil catalase activity. &#9313; At the same irrigation level, the number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil significantly increased with reclaimed water irrigation. The number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil under full irrigation with reclaimed water was significantly higher than with insufficient irrigation using reclaimed water. The number of thermotolerant coliforms in surface soil of the four irrigated treatments was significantly higher than in the deep soil layer, and with progression of irrigation, the number of thermotolerant coliforms in the 0-60 cm soil layer decreased. &#9314; There was a significant positive correlation between the quantity of thermotolerant coliforms and the activity of soil urease and invertase, and between the quantity of thermotolerant coliforms and the activity of soil catalase. Reclaimed water therefore promoted enzyme activity that can promote transformation of C and N in soil. Reasonable irrigation with reclaimed water can therefore effectively control the number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Enzyme activity - Reclamation - Soils - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Coliforms - Invertase activity - Irrigation level - Irrigation water quality - Positive correlations - Re-claimed water - Soil column - Soil enzyme activity
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 6.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801126

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 421>

Accession number:20184906207358
Title:Seasonal Variations in River Water Chemical Weathering and Its Influence Factors in the Malian River Basin
Authors:Wang, Yu-Shan (1); Han, Shuang-Bao (1); Deng, Qi-Jun (1); Qi, Xiao-Fan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Baoding; 071051, China; (2) School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geoscience, Beijing; 100083, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4132-4141
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to discern temporal variations, sources, and controlling factors of river water chemistry in the Malian River Basin, time series samples were collected from the Yuluoping hydrological station in 2016. The compositions of major cations and anions were analyzed and a forward model was used to calculate the weathering rates of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate. Results showed that river water was brackish with average total dissolved solids of 1 154.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, indicating significant differences from other main rivers in China. Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> were the major ions present in water, with mean concentrations of 202.8, 86.0, 78.6, and 431.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> respectively. Water chemistry exhibited distinct seasonal variations, with major ions gradually declining during the pre-monsoon period and increasing in the post-monsoon period. An abrupt rise in concentrations of major ions during the ice melting interval was observed, as well as a sharp drop during stormy events. Dissolved loads were mainly derived from chemical weathering, with the contribution ratios of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate being 67.1%, 13.7%, and 19.2% respectively. Chemical processes showed different responses to climate forcing, attributed to variations in mineral content in the watershed and dissolution kinetics. The dominant contribution of evaporite in the monsoon season was due to its rapid dissolution, while silicate weathering increased during the pre-monsoon period, with longer water rock interaction times when water discharge was lower. During the post-monsoon season, carbonate weathering was enhanced due to its high content in loess and due to more CO<inf>2</inf> absorption by rain from soil. The average chemical weathering rates of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate were 30.6, 6.2, and 8.7 kg&bull;(km<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. A strong correlation between evaporite weathering rates and river discharge was evident; a correlation was also observed between carbonate weathering rates and river discharge, indicating that water discharge played a dominant role in chemical weathering, rather than temperature or precipitation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Weathering
Controlled terms:Atmospheric thermodynamics - Carbonation - Dissolution - Hydrochemistry - Ions - Rivers - Silicates - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonate weathering - Chemical weathering - Dissolution kinetics - Dominant contributions - Evaporites - Seasonal variation - Total dissolved solids - Water rock interactions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 444.1  Surface Water - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.54e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.31e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.37e+01%, Percentage 1.92e+01%, Percentage 6.71e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801096

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 422>

Accession number:20184906207357
Title:Comparative Characteristics of Optical Absorption in Waters from Yiluo River and Huntai River in Spring
Authors:Li, Liu-Yang (1, 2); Shao, Tian-Tian (1); Zhang, Xin (3); Song, Yan-Yan (1, 2); Su, Dong-Hui (1, 2); Wang, Tao (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development and Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475001, China; (2) College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475001, China; (3) College of Geoscience and surveying Engineering, China University of Mining &amp; Technology, Beijing; 100086, China 
Corresponding author:Shao, Tian-Tian(shaotiantian@vip.henu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4122-4131
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The absorption characteristics, composition, spatial variability, and relative contribution of optically active constituents over the range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm) were analyzed from samples collected in the Yiluo and Huntai Rivers in May 2017 and 2013, respectively. Results demonstrated that the absorption curves of total suspended particulates [a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;)] were similar to those of non-algae particles [a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;)]. Significant correlations between a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) and a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;) were obtained, especially at 440 nm, with r=0.968 in the Yiluo River and r=0.899 in the Huntai River. Meanwhile, positive correlations between a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) and the absorption of phytoplankton [a<inf>ph</inf>(&lambda;)] were observed at 675 nm. a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) in the two basins was dominated by a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;). Moreover, the composition of auxiliary pigments and chloropyhll a concentration [Chla] showed more significant spatial variations based on a<inf>ph</inf>(440)/a<inf>ph</inf>(675) in the Yiluo River than in the Huntai River. In addition, CDOM absorption slopes (S<inf>CDOM</inf>) indicated that CDOM composition in the Yiluo River was dominated by exogenous substances; in comparison, the Huntai River had more endogenous substances. S<inf>CDOM</inf> in the Yiluo River was lower than in the Huntai River, indicating that the CDOM composition of the Yiluo River was inclined towards high molecular weights. Furthermore, M<inf>r</inf> [a<inf>CDOM</inf>(250)/a<inf>CDOM</inf>(365)] showed greater ranges and lower mean values in the Yiluo River than in the Huntai River, confirming that CDOM molecular weight varied greatly in the former. CDOM molecular weight in the Huntai River was also lower than in the Yiluo River, in accordance with S<inf>CDOM</inf> results.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Light absorption - Molecular weight
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption characteristics - CDOM - Endogenous substances - Particulate Matter - Photosynthetically active radiation - Positive correlations - Spatial differences - Total suspended particulates
Classification code:741.1  Light/Optics - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.00e-07m to 7.00e-07m, Size 4.40e-07m, Size 6.75e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710239

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 423>

Accession number:20184906207353
Title:Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Pollution Risk in a Riverside Source Area Based on Source Apportionment
Authors:Gao, Xiang (1, 2); Zuo, Rui (1, 2); Guo, Xue-Ru (1, 2); Meng, Li (1, 2); Liu, Xin (1, 2); Wang, Bin (3); Teng, Yan-Guo (1, 2); Wang, Jin-Sheng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education, Beijing; 100875, China; (3) Center for Environmental Risk and Damage Assessment, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Zuo, Rui(zr@bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4086-4095
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Riverbank filtration is internationally accepted as a safe new method for extracting drinking water. This paper describes the structure and characteristics of pollution sources in the Hulan water source area of Harbin during wet and dry seasons, based on groundwater pollution sources apportionment technology. Pollution risk of the water source area was also assessed using the pollution sources-pathway-receptor model. Impacts on water quality safety under the collective effects of seasonal changes and human activities were then analyzed. Results showed that groundwater pollution sources have different spatial distribution characteristics based on pollution source apportionment during wet and dry seasons, with four principal influencing factors: &#9312;water-rock interaction caused by exploitation of water sources, &#9313; natural geological processes resulting from dissolution of iron manganese minerals, and pollution by &#9314; nitrogen and &#9315; organics in response to human activities. Pollution risk assessment showed that water sources were at low risk during both wet and dry seasons. However, the south area of the water source area showed high groundwater pollution risk during the wet season, while other high-risk areas were mainly distributed around the riverbanks and densely populated areas during the dry season. These findings indicate that human activities greatly influence groundwater pollution risk during the dry season; accordingly, this season should be the focus of integrated water quality management and control for the water source area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Water pollution control
Controlled terms:Drought - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Manganese mines - Potable water - Principal component analysis - Quality control - Quality management - Risk assessment - River pollution  - Water conservation - Water filtration - Water management - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristics of pollution - Distribution characteristics - Pollution source apportionments - Riverbank filtration - Seasonal changes - Source apportionment - Water rock interactions - Water source
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.2  Groundwater - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 504.1  Light Metal Mines - 912.2  Management - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801275

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 424>

Accession number:20184906207345
Title:Analysis of Seasonal Variations in Chemical Characteristics and Sources of PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Summer and Winter in Ji'nan City
Authors:Liu, Xiao-Di (1); Meng, Jing-Jing (1, 2); Hou, Zhan-Fang (1, 2); Li, Jing (1); Xing, Ji-Zhao (1); Wei, Ben-Jie (1); Zhang, Er-Xun (1); Liu, Jia-Zhen (1); Dong, Jie (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng; 252000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an; 710061, China 
Corresponding author:Meng, Jing-Jing(mengjingjing@lcu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4014-4025
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate seasonal variations in the chemical compositions of aerosols in Ji'nan City, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected during summer and winter in 2015. The sampling period lasted one month during each season. PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were analyzed for the composition, concentration, and sources of water-soluble inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). Results showed that mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in winter were about twice those in summer, and concentration levels varied between fine and excellent. The concentrations of total water-soluble inorganic ions were also higher in winter than in summer, with SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> being the dominant species and well correlated with each other. NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> in PM<inf>2.5</inf> mostly existed in the form of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> in both summer and winter. There was strong secondary oxidation of SO<inf>2</inf> and NO<inf>2</inf>. The sulfate oxidizing rate (SOR) was higher in summer than in winter, while the nitrate oxidizing rate (NOR) showed the opposite trend. The ratio of anions to cations in both summer and winter were less than one, suggesting that PM<inf>2.5</inf> were slightly alkaline. The ISORROPIA-II mode showed that acidity in winter was stronger than in summer. Concentations of OC and EC were both higher in winter than in summer. The ratios of OC to EC and WSOC to OC and estimated concentrations of secondary organic carbon (SOC) showed that secondary pollution was more serious in winter than in summer. Principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that the major sources contributing to inorganic ions were secondary oxidation and biomass burning in summer, and coal combustion and secondary pollutants formed by chemical oxidation of precursors emitted from coal combustion in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Chemical analysis - Ions - Nitrogen compounds - Organic carbon - Oxidation - Pollution - Principal component analysis - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonaceous components - Ji'nan cities - PM2.5 - Seasonal variation - Water-soluble ions
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801081

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 425>

Accession number:20184906207361
Title:Phosphorus Forms and Distribution Characteristics in the Sediment and Soil of the Water-Level-fluctuating Zone in the Main Stream of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Zhang, Zhi-Yong (1, 2); Wan, Cheng-Yan (2); Hu, Hong-Qing (1); Peng, Jian-Hua (2); Hou, Juan (1); Ding, Qing-Qiu (2); Yuan, Yu-Jie (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan; 430079, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Hong-Qing(hqhu@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4161-4168
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Hydrological regimes changed after the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) became fully operational, with the water level fluctuating between 145 m and 175 m. This has altered phosphorus (P) distribution within sediments and soils of the water-level-fluctuating zone (WLFZ). Eleven field investigations within the main stream were carried out in June 2016. The aim of the study was to determine lateral (sediment and WLFZ soil) and longitudinal variations (from the end of the backwater area to the Three Gorges Dam) of phosphorus species. P fractions were analyzed using a Standards, Measurements, and Testing (SMT) protocol. Results showed that both TP and NaOH-P content in sediment exhibited a clear increasing trend from the end of the backwater area to the Three Gorges Dam, while HCl-P declined. Average of totals P, OP (organic P), HCl-extracted P (HCl-P, calcium-bond P), and NaOH-extracted P (NaOH-P, metal oxide-bound P) in sediment were (859.6&plusmn;106.8), (224.6&plusmn;113.9), (435.3&plusmn;77.7), and (101.5&plusmn;31.6) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The concentration average of P species in sediment was higher than in WLFZ soil. In both sediment and soil, HCl-P was the main form of P, accounting for 51.3% and 58.2% of TP, while the ratio of NaOH-P to TP was 11.7% and 8.1%, respectively. P fractions with a higher coefficient of variation had greater spatial heterogeneity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Metals - Reservoirs (water) - Sodium hydroxide - Soils - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of variation - Distribution characteristics - Field investigation - Hydrological regime - Longitudinal variations - Phosphorus form - Spatial heterogeneity - Three gorges reservoir
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 5.13e+01%, Percentage 5.82e+01%, Percentage 8.10e+00%, Size 1.45e+02m to 1.75e+02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711148

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 426>

Accession number:20184906207365
Title:Simulation of Inorganic Nitrogen Fluxes at the Sediment-water Interface in a Typical Intertidal Zone, Eastern China
Authors:Nie, Jia-Qin (1, 2); Wang, Dong-Qi (1, 2); Chen, Jie (1, 2); Li, Yang-Jie (1, 2, 3); Chen, Shu (1, 2); Chen, Zhen-Lou (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 201100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 201100, China; (3) Second Institude of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou; 310012, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Dong-Qi(dqwang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4199-4205
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Taking 12 typical intertidal zones along the eastern coast of China as the research object, indoor tide simulation experiments were conducted to measure exchange fluxes of nitrate nitrogen (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) between overlying water and sediments, to investigate their spatial distribution, and to clarify controlling factors such as salinity, temperature, and organic matter. Results showed that the total NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N flux was -2.91-3.34 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, while the total flux of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was -4.36-2.34 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The average flux, at 12&#8451; and 35&#8451;, was -0.04 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, indicating that typical intertidal zone sediment is an effective sink for ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. There was a significant difference in the spatial distribution of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen fluxes. At 12&#8451;, the higher the latitude, the greater the ammonia nitrogen flux; results for the 25&deg;-35&deg;N intertidal nitrate flux were as follows:&lt;15&deg;-25&deg;N&lt;35&deg;-45&deg;N at 25&#8451; and 35&#8451;, while the flux of ammonia nitrogen was 25&deg;N-35&deg;N&gt;15&deg;-25&deg;N&gt;35&deg;-45&deg;N. The fluxes of the three intertidal zones decreased with increase in temperature, which controls the coupled nitrification-denitrification taking place in the upper layer of sediment and at the bottom of overlying water. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N fluxes first increased and then decreased with temperature at 15&deg;-25&deg;N and 35&deg;-45&deg;N, while NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N fluxes at 25&deg;-35&deg;N always decreased with temperature. At each latitude, the higher the temperature, the lower the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N flux. There was no single significant effect of environmental factors on fluxes. Salinity, sediment organic carbon (OC), sediment total nitrogen (TN), concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in pore water, and bulk density synergistically affected the spatial differentiation of exchanged NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N fluxes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Nitrates - Organic carbon - Spatial distribution - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Controlling factors - Dissolved inorganic nitrogens - Environmental factors - Intertidal zones - Nitrification-denitrification - Sediment organic carbon - Sediment water interface - Spatial differentiation
Classification code:483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712094

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 427>

Accession number:20184906207376
Title:Effect of NaCl Salinity on Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Bioflocculation of Anoxic Sludge in A<sup>2</sup>/O Process
Authors:Zhang, Lan-He (1); Tian, Rui (1); Guo, Jing-Bo (2); Jia, Yan-Ping (1); Zhang, Hai-Feng (1); Li, Zheng (1); Chen, Zi-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China; (2) School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4281-4288
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to improve the biological removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus and bioflocculation performance of salt-containing wastewater, the effect of NaCl salinity on the efficiency of denitrification and phosphorus removal in the anoxic zone of an A<sup>2</sup>/O process was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the composition and structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in activated sludge of the anoxic zone, to discern the effect of salinity on bioflocculation. Results showed that when NaCl salinity was 0-5 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, flocculation ability (FA) in A<sup>2</sup>/O anoxic zone was about 44% and the sludge particle size was 45.5 &mu;m. EPS content increased from 52.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 62 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and protein (PN)/polysaccharide (PS) remained at 2.1. When NaCl salinity increased from 10 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 40 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, bioflocculation of sludge significantly decreased. FA decreased from 40% to 22% and sludge particle size decreased from 43.7 &mu;m to 32.1 &mu;m. EPS content increased from 76.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 101.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and PN/PS decreased from 1.5 to 1.3. Based on FTIR analysis, with increase in salinity, the main components of EPS were always amino, amide&#8544;, and carboxyl. Based on XPS analysis, increasing salinity led to charge transfer of some groups (such as C, O, and N groups) during the interaction between EPS and Na<sup>+</sup>, but its form did not change.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Polymers
Controlled terms:Amides - Biological water treatment - Charge transfer - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Denitrification - Efficiency - Flocculation - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Nitrogen removal - Particle size  - Phosphorus - Salt removal - Sodium chloride - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic reactor (A^2/O) - Anoxic sludge - Biological flocculations - Extracellular polymeric substances - NaCl salinity
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 5.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3 to 4.00e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.23e-02kg/m3 to 6.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.65e-02kg/m3 to 1.01e-01kg/m3, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 2.20e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01%, Size 4.37e-05m to 3.21e-05m, Size 4.55e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712162

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 428>

Accession number:20184906207367
Title:Transformation of Ammonia in Wetland Sediments for Treatment of Mining Wastewater
Authors:Wang, Hai-Bo (1); Ma, Ding (1); Yue, Zheng-Bo (1); Tao, Wei (1); Chen, Tian-Hu (1); Wang, Jin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei; 230009, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Jin(sophiawj@hfut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4215-4221
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrogen elements play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of artificial wetlands. In this study, we investigated the anaerobic transformation of ammonia nitrogen and its main pathways in sediment in an artificial wetland. Results showed that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) process and iron reduction occurred in wetland sediment, coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Feammox). Feammox used Fe(&#8546;) to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to produce nitrogen; intermediate products were nitrate, nitrite, and N<inf>2</inf>O. Addition of ferrihydrite promoted the Feammox process and ammonia nitrogen loss caused by Feammox was enhanced from 1.69 to 2.72 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. When ferrihydrite was added, a loss of 28% of total nitrogen (TN) in the wetland occurred, associated with Feammox, increasing to 42%. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation was significantly inhibited with addition of ferrihydrite and TN loss in the system decreased by about 25%. Results showed that the formation of goethite by mineralization of ferrihydrite inhibited the ANAMMOX process, promoting Feammox to lead to competing electronic donors for the S-ANAMMOX process, causing inhibition of the S-ANAMMOX process. This achieves the purpose of reducing TN loss in the wetland system. In addition, this may have some significance for further understanding the interaction between iron reduction and the nitrogen cycle in the wetland.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Anoxic sediments - Biogeochemistry - Iron - Nitrogen removal - Oxidation - Wastewater treatment - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic transformations - ANAMMOX - Artificial wetland - Biogeochemical cycle - Feammox - Ferrihydrites - Intermediate product - Mining wastewater
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.80e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801163

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 429>

Accession number:20184906207348
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in Winter in Jincheng
Authors:Yang, Fan (1); Yan, Yu-Long (1); Ge, Yun-Fei (1); Li, Ru-Mei (1); Li, Ying-Hui (1); Yu, Hua-Long (1); Peng, Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing; 102206, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Lin(penglin6611@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4042-4050
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Air samples were collected and analyzed by GC-MS to investigate the component characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in winter in Jincheng. PMF, ratio analysis, and the backward trajectory model were used to investigate sources of VOCs. Ozone formation potential and secondary organic aerosol formation potential were calculated, in order to analyze the environmental implications of detected VOCs. Results showed that the average concentration of VOCs was 93.35 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in Jincheng, with the most abundant component being alkane (52.91 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 56.68% of total VOCs). Based on PMF analysis, five sources of ambient VOCs in Jincheng were identified, namely industrial emission sources (33.71%), fuel combustion sources (30.27%), vehicle emissions (26.28%), solvent evaporation sources (9.00%), and plant emission sources (0.74%). Ratios of B/T and i-pentane/n-pentane were 1.58&plusmn;0.68 and 2.07&plusmn;0.43, indicating that VOCs were derived from the mixture of road and coal combustion sources. Clustered analysis of the air mass backward trajectory showed that three air masses cluster, which were accounting for 50%, 25% and 25% of the total back trajectories respectively, all came from the northwest, and industrial pollution from the northwest might therefore significantly influence VOCs in Jincheng. With low wind speed (&lt;3 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>), the air quality index, concentration of total VOCs, and contribution rate of vehicle emissions were 143, 162.48 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and 46.16%, respectively, higher than values at faster wind speeds (3-6.9 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>). Ozone formation potential and secondary organic aerosol formation potential of aromatic hydrocarbons, which had the highest formation potential, were 98.89 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 1.21 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, accounting for 37.28% and 97.01% of total formation potential. To reduce the pollution of VOCs in Jincheng, it is important to control industrial emissions, vehicle emissions, and fuel combustion emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Air quality - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Fuels - Gas chromatography - Industrial emissions - Meteorology - Ozone - Paraffins - Pollution control  - Trajectories - Vehicles - Volatile organic compounds - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Component characteristics - Environmental implications - Industrial pollution - Jincheng - Ozone formation potentials - Secondary organic aerosols - Source apportionment
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.63e+01%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 3.37e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+01%, Percentage 4.62e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.67e+01%, Percentage 7.40e-01%, Percentage 9.00e+00%, Percentage 9.70e+01%, Velocity 3.00e+00m/s to 6.90e+00m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801221

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 430>

Accession number:20184906207372
Title:Reducing Membrane Fouling from Micro-Flocculation in a Humic Acid Ultrafiltration Process
Authors:Wang, Xu-Dong (1); Shi, Cai-Xia (1); Liao, Zheng-Wei (2); He, Xian-Shu (2); Wang, Lei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Water Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Province Water Group, Xi'an; 710003, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4249-4256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study investigated the influence of different floc morphologies produced by micro-flocculation process on filtration of a self-constructed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane. Aluminum sulfate was used as a flocculant and humic acid (HA) and kaolin as raw water. Both the properties of flocs formed during the micro-flocculation process (floc size and distribution, fractal dimension) and the effects of floc formation on membrane flux under different conditions were investigated. The surface morphology of the contaminated membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and adhesion between the PVDF membrane and organic pollutants was measured to analyze the membrane fouling mechanism. Results showed that the main mechanism during a micro-flocculation process using Al<sup>3+</sup> as a flocculant is electrical neutralization to remove organic matter. With an increase in flocculant dosage, floc size increased and the fractal dimension of flocs decreased. The attenuation rate of membrane flux was negatively correlated with floc size. The larger the floc, the lower the membrane flux attenuation rate, and the looser the filter cake layer formed during the ultrafiltration process. Comparatively, membrane fouling caused by flocs with smaller fractal dimension was lighter, and the membrane flux recovery rate was also higher. The interaction force between PVDF and organic matter was positively correlated with the corresponding membrane flux attenuation rate during the initial stage of operation. When dosage of Al<sup>3+</sup> was 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and initial pH was 7, the HA removal rate was 96.7%, the membrane flux attenuation rate was lowest, and the flux recovery rate reached 88%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Microfiltration
Controlled terms:Aluminum sulfate - Atomic force microscopy - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Flocculation - Fluorine compounds - Fractal dimension - Fractals - Membrane fouling - Membranes  - Morphology - Organic acids - Organic pollutants - Scanning electron microscopy - Sulfur compounds - Ultrafiltration
Uncontrolled terms:Attenuation rate - Flocculant dosages - Flocculation process - Interaction forces - Membrane fouling mechanisms - Polyvinylidene fluorides - Ultra-filtration membranes - Ultrafiltration process
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.67e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711229

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 431>

Accession number:20184906207352
Title:Emission Characteristics of Wind-Eroded Dust from Concrete Batching Plants in Beijing
Authors:Li, Bei-Bei (1, 2); Han, Kai-Li (2, 3); Qin, Jian-Ping (2); Wang, Xin (4); Song, Bo (1, 2); Huang, Yu-Hu (2); Zhang, Chun-Lai (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (3) Hebei Sailhero Environmental Protection Hi-tech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang; 050035, China; (4) China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing; 100012, China; (5) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yu-Hu(huangyuhu@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4078-4085
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Concrete batching plants are a typical source of fugitive dust in Beijing. In this study, two concrete batching plants in Beijing were used to test wind erosion of dust with a Portable In-suit Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) designed by the Desert Research Institute (DRI). Sand and aggregate storage piles and paved roads in concrete batching plants were tested to determine the emission characteristics of wind eroded dust. Combining the frequencies of disturbance of storage piles and paved road surface with local meteorological data, localized wind erosion dust emission factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf> were established. Results demonstrate that: &#9312;There are small differences in daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> between the aggregate warehouse entrance area, concrete loading area, social road import area, and concrete batching plant entrance area, with these being 0.45, 0.41, 0.31, and 0.30 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. &#9313;Daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> of coarse stone, fine stone, coarse sand, and fine sand storage piles are 0.10, 0.12, 0.26, and 2.02 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Emission factors of fine sand storage piles are 20.5, 16.8, and 7.7 times greater than those of coarse stone, fine stone, and coarse sand, respectively, and spring emission factors are 6.4, 3.4, and 1.3 times greater than those of summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. &#9314;Daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> of storage piles and paved roads are 1.13 and 0.37 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively 3.9 and 1.3 times higher than the wind erosion factor from storage piles from AP-42 files (c11s12 concrete batching, 1995); the uncertainty range of the emission factor is 34%-92%. &#9315;It is recommended to strengthen watering, sweeping, and cleaning of paved roads, and to ensure fully enclosed storage and use of spray water to reduce wind erosion of dust from storage piles, especially from fine sand piles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Digital storage
Controlled terms:Aggregates - Concrete testing - Concretes - Dust - Erosion - Meteorology - Piles - Roads and streets - Sand
Uncontrolled terms:Concrete batching plants - Emission factors - Paved road - Storage piles - Wind erosions
Classification code:406  Highway Engineering - 406.2  Roads and Streets - 408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 412  Concrete - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.40e+01% to 9.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801024

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 432>

Accession number:20184906207341
Title:Vehicle Exhaust Emission Characteristics and Their Contributions in Jiangsu Province
Authors:Li, Li (1); Zhang, Jie (1); Zhao, Qiu-Yue (1); Li, Hui-Peng (1); Han, Jun-Zan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing; 210036, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Jie(marie.jie@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3976-3986
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An hourly vehicular emission inventory with 1 km&times;1 km resolution was developed for Jiangsu Province in 2015, using the COPERT model and ArcGIS technology. The improved "standard road length" method, as well as road network information and monthly, weekly, and daily variations of the congestion delay index were used to increase temporal-spatial resolution. The contributions of different vehicle types, emission standards, and road types to total vehicular emissions were analyzed. Results showed that vehicular emissions of NO<inf>x</inf>, HC, CO, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, OM, and BC were 490.9, 166.3, 1614.8, 16.9, 1.9, 3.6, and 6.7 thousand tons, respectively. On average, Suzhou and Xuzhou contributed 34%-45% of the total. Evaporative emissions of HC were 20.2 thousand tons, accounting for 12% of total HC emissions. Small passenger cars and motorcycles were the major HC and CO contributors, accounting for over 30% of total emissions. Heavy-duty diesel trucks contributed 36%-54% to NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, OM, and BC emissions, representing much higher emissions than other vehicles. Heavy-duty and medium-duty diesel trucks in Suzhou and Xuzhou are the main sources of NO<inf>x</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf>emissions. China &#8546; diesel vehicles account for the largest share (42%-55%) of NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, and BC emissions. China &#8546; heavy-duty diesel trucks and China 0 medium-duty diesel trucks are the primary and secondary contributors of NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OM, and BC emissions, with a total share of 40%-56%. China 0 motorcycles contributed about 16% to total HC and CO.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Automobiles
Controlled terms:Motorcycles - Nitrogen oxides - Roads and streets - Trucks
Uncontrolled terms:Contribution rate - COPERT - Emission characteristics - Emission inventories - Vehicle exhausts
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 662.1  Automobiles - 662.2  Smaller Vehicles - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01% to 4.50e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01% to 5.40e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 5.60e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01% to 5.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712238

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 433>

Accession number:20184906207385
Title:Interactive Effects of Ozone and Drought on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Poplar Leaves
Authors:Zhou, Hui-Min (1, 2); Li, Pin (2, 3); Gao, Feng (2, 3); Feng, Zhao-Zhong (2, 3); Zhang, Yin-Bo (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 101408, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Pin(pinli@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4359-4365
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ground-level ozone (O<inf>3</inf>) pollution and drought have become major environmental factors that threaten the normal growth of plants. In this study, we determined the effects of three O<inf>3</inf> concentrations (charcoal-filtered air, CF, non-filtered air, NF and non-filtered air+40 nmol&bull;mol<sup>-1</sup>, NF40), two water treatments (well-watered, WW, and mild drought, MD, 60% of WW in volumetric soil water content), and their interactions on the light-saturated photosynthesis rate (A<inf>sat</inf>) and on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and soluble proteins of the poplar '546' (Populus deltoids cv. 55/56&times;P. deltoides cv. Imperial). Results showed that A<inf>sat</inf> significantly decreased with elevated O<inf>3</inf>, and with interactions between O<inf>3</inf> and drought. Drought significantly reduced the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) but did not affect the activities of peroxidase (POD) or ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Reduction ranges in CAT and SOD increased with drought duration. APX activity significantly decreased with increasing O<inf>3</inf> and drought, but soluble protein content did not. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were not significantly affected by elevated O<inf>3</inf> and their interactions. Results provide a scientific basis for protection of poplar plantations in response to increasing O<inf>3</inf> concentrations and drought under environmental changes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Drought
Controlled terms:Antioxidants - Binary alloys - Charcoal - Enzymes - Forestry - Ozone - Plants (botany) - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant enzyme - Antioxidant enzyme activity - Ascorbate peroxidase - Environmental change - Environmental factors - Interaction - Poplar - Superoxide dismutases
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 524  Solid Fuels - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712176

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 434>

Accession number:20184906207342
Title:Historical Trends of Atmospheric Pb and Hg Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion in Shanghai
Authors:Yang, Jing (1); Chen, Long (1); Liu, Min (1); Meng, Xiang-Zhou (2); Zhang, Xi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200241, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3987-3994
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Rapid urbanization in Shanghai over the past century has led to increased resource and energy consumption, in turn leading to the release of significant amounts of toxic pollutants into the urban environment. In order to investigate historical variations in atmospheric metal emissions from typical combustion sources in Shanghai, historical emissions of Pb and Hg from coal-fired sectors (coal-fired power plant, industrial sector, and domestic use) and vehicle exhaust in Shanghai during the period 1949-2015 were estimated, based on consumption of fossil fuels (coal and gasoline) and emission factors. Results showed that Pb and Hg emissions exhibited rapidly fluctuating increases from 1949 to the 1980s or 1990s, before beginning to decrease sharply due to various pollution control measures. Hg emissions from coal-fired sources played a dominant role during the 1980-2015 period, contributing a high proportion (87.5%-99.7%) to the total. The dominant sources of atmospheric Pb emissions have experienced historical variations. Coal-fired emissions became the major contributor (78.2%-83.5% of total) following omission of leaded gasoline from the Shanghai market since 1997. However, the rapid increase of gasoline consumption since 2005 has led to gasoline-fired emissions again becoming the main contributor (55.5%-79.1%).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Coal - Economic geology - Energy utilization - Fossil fuel power plants - Fossil fuels - Gasoline - Industrial emissions - Lead - Mercury (metal)  - Pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric emission - Atmospheric metals - Coal-fired power plant - Combustion sources - Fossil fuel combustion - Historical emissions - Historical trends - Rapid urbanizations
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 481.1  Geology - 523  Liquid Fuels - 524  Solid Fuels - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.55e+01% to 7.91e+01%, Percentage 7.82e+01% to 8.35e+01%, Percentage 8.75e+01% to 9.97e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802133

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 435>

Accession number:20184906207377
Title:Effect of Temperature and pH on Nitrogen Conversion in Feammox Process
Authors:Chen, Fang-Min (1, 2, 3); Jin, Run (1, 2, 3); Yuan, Yan (1, 2, 3); Li, Xiang (1, 2, 3); Huang, Yong (1, 2, 3); Gu, Cheng-Wei (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiang(lixiang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4289-4293
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the oxidation of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> using Fe(&#8546;) as an electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions (Feammox) has received significant research attention. In this study, the effect of pH and temperature on nitrogen conversion during the Feammox process was studied through activity recovery of Feammox sludge acclimated by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) sludge. Results showed that after 40 d operation, activity of Feammox sludge was recovered. There was evident ammonia nitrogen conversion and total nitrogen removal from the environment, and the products were mainly nitrate and nitrogen. The concentration of nitrite remained below 2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. pH value and temperature significantly influenced nitrogen transformation during the Feammox process. With pH value of 7 and temperature of 30&#8451; during the Feammox process, the removal rate of total nitrogen was relatively high (&gt;50%). When the pH value was 6.5, the conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen was 80.2%. During the Feammox reaction process, precipitation of iron ion compounds and coating on the sludge surface were the main interference factors leading to continuous operation of the reactor and exploration of the reaction mechanism.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Iron compounds - Metal ions - Oxidation - pH effects - Precipitation (chemical) - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidation - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Effect of temperature - Nitrogen conversion - Nitrogen transformations - pH value - Reaction characteristics - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 531.1  Metallurgy - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.02e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801286

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 436>

Accession number:20184906207359
Title:Characteristics and Genesis of NO<inf>3</inf> Type Water in Shallow Groundwater in Liujiang Basin
Authors:Xu, Jin (1); He, Jiang-Tao (1); Peng, Cong (2); Zeng, Ying (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Institute of Karst Geology, China Academy of Geological Science, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Jiangxi Province Architectural Design &amp; Research Institute, Nanchang; 330000, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jiang-Tao(jthe@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4142-4149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, groundwater nitrate pollution has become more and more severe. Anthropogenic activities have become more significant, not only causing pollution, but also changing the hydrochemical type of groundwater and leading to the emergence of NO<inf>3</inf> type groundwater. This study focuses on the Liujiang Basin. The characteristics and influencing factors of NO<inf>3</inf> type water in shallow groundwater are analyzed, and the significance of NO<inf>3</inf> type water is discussed. Results show that shallow groundwater in the Liujiang Basin is of poor quality and nitrate pollution is severe. NO<inf>3</inf> type water comprises 20.9% of all effective data for the area and is mainly distributed in the southeast and a few parts of the northern mountainous area. Based on the characteristics of NO<inf>3</inf> type water, this can be classified as high TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water or low TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water. TDS and total hardness concentration values of high TDS nitrate type water are high and the concentration range is wide. Conversely, TDS and total hardness concentration and the concentration range of low TDS NO<inf>3</inf>type water are both low. The formation of NO<inf>3</inf> type water is mainly driven by human domestic sewage, agricultural fertilization, and septic tank and landfill leachate infiltration, among others. The pollution load of high TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water is generally higher than that of low TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water. Analysis of NO<inf>3</inf> type water makes it possible to prevent and control groundwater pollution when there is an increasing pollution trend but pollution is not yet severe.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Water pollution control
Controlled terms:Factor analysis - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Hardness - Leachate treatment - Nitrates - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural fertilization - Anthropogenic activity - Cause analysis - Concentration ranges - Concentration values - Groundwater nitrate pollutions - Liujiang Basin - Total dissolved solids
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.09e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 437>

Accession number:20184906207373
Title:Enhanced Degradation of Aniline by PS Oxidation in the Presence of UV and Ferric Oxalate
Authors:Han, Dong-Hui (1); Li, Ying (2); Li, Kai-Ming (1); Ying, Guang-Guo (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water &amp; Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China; (2) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China; (3) Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4257-4264
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Oxidative degradation of aniline by Sodium Persulfate (PS) activated with UV-ferric oxalate [UV-Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup>] was studied. The effects of Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration, PS concentration, and pH on PS activation and aniline degradation were investigated. Results showed that Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration and pH determined the reduction process of Fe<sup>3+</sup> into Fe<sup>2+</sup>, which had significant effects on the oxidative degradation of aniline by PS. With an increase in Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration, PS decomposition increased; however, when concentrations were&gt;0.75 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, aniline degradation efficiency decreased due to competition with oxalate ions (C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>) for SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup>. Aniline degradation efficiency in processes with different initial Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentrations followed the sequence: 5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.25 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.75 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Neutral and alkaline conditions were not conducive to Fe<sup>2+</sup> formation via photochemical reaction. However, with initial pH values of 7 and 9, PS activation efficiency reached 74% and 67% respectively after 300 min due to pH decline during the reaction; aniline removal efficiency was as high as 91% and 97%, respectively, higher than under initial acidic conditions. Furthermore, increased PS concentration was conducive to improvement of aniline degradation efficiency, but when PS concentration was&gt;10 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the aniline degradation process followed the pseudo first-order reaction kinetics model instead of the second-order reaction kinetics model. PS efficiency for aniline degradation decreased significantly due to the reaction between excessive PS and sulfate radicals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Iron compounds
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Aniline - Association reactions - Chemical activation - Degradation - Efficiency - Free radical reactions - Oxalic acid - Oxidation - pH effects  - Photochemical reactions - Reaction kinetics - Sodium compounds - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Activation efficiency - Aniline degradations - Ferric oxalate - Oxidative degradation - Persulfate - Pseudo-first order reactions - Second-order reaction - Ultra-violet light
Classification code:801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.70e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+01%, Percentage 9.10e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%, Time 1.80e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801192

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 438>

Accession number:20184906207388
Title:Heavy Metal Content of Rural Living Solid Waste and Related Source and Distribution Analysis
Authors:Jin, Qi (1); Gao, Hong (1); Yue, Bo (2); Huang, Qi-Fei (2); Wang, Yu-Tang (2); Wu, Xiao-Hui (2); Yu, Jun-Ying (2); Yang, Hui-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Hong(gaohong208@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4385-4392
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Living solid waste of 72 typical villages and towns in 12 provinces was investigated, and related heavy metal pollution characteristics, source, and distribution were analyzed. Results showed that heavy metal content of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in living solid waste of typical northern villages of China was (7.51&plusmn;8.89), (0.64&plusmn;0.42), (21.91&plusmn;12.29), (4.82&plusmn;8.37), (86.36&plusmn;59.99), (36.43&plusmn;15.98), (62.19&plusmn;36.61), and (46.07&plusmn;25.22) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Content of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in living solid waste of typical southern towns was (7.43&plusmn;8.82), (0.83&plusmn;0.74), (21.62&plusmn;13.76), (1.84&plusmn;4.55), (131.06&plusmn;74.96), (37.20&plusmn;16.80), (98.04&plusmn;63.71), and (46.75&plusmn;25.75) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Cd and Hg exceeded the standards for urban garbage agricultural control and soil environmental quality. Sources of heavy metals in domestic waste were explored by Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. Results showed that Pb and Cd were mainly derived from kitchen waste, dust, paper, rubber, and plastic. Hg was mainly from kitchen waste and dust. Zn and Cr were mainly from dust. Cu was mainly from dust, paper, rubber, plastic, battery, and electronic waste. Ni was mainly from battery and electronic wastes. As was mainly derived from pesticides and fertilizers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Cluster analysis - Correlation methods - Dust - Electric batteries - Electronic Waste - Heavy metals - Metal analysis - Principal component analysis - Rubber  - Rural areas - Solid wastes
Uncontrolled terms:Content - Distribution analysis - Domestic wastes - Environmental quality - Heavy metal contents - Heavy metal pollution - Pearson correlation analysis - Source and distribution
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 702.1  Electric Batteries - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 818.1  Natural Rubber - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712049

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 439>

Accession number:20184906207360
Title:Development and Evaluation of a Sustainable Long-release Carbon Material Applied for In-Situ Remediation of Groundwater Nitrogen Pollution
Authors:Zhang, Wen (1, 2); Yin, Lin (2); Zhou, Nian-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Nian-Qing(nq.zhou@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4150-4160
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Due to slow flow rates and inter-substance reactions in groundwater, remediation requires the addition of materials with sustained release properties. This research uses agricultural waste and zero-valent iron (Fe<sup>0</sup>), coupling biology and chemistry, to research and develop a sustainable long-release carbon material with a synergistic physico-habitat, and to evaluate its performance, also taking into account the occurrence of nitrogen in groundwater. The material developed has a double-layer structure with an inner core and an outer shell. The core, consisting of agricultural waste, Fe<sup>0</sup>, and other raw materials, constitutes the repair layer. Agricultural waste provides a carbon source for microorganisms, and Fe<sup>0</sup> can quickly remove nitrate via chemical reactions and reduce DO to develop an anaerobic environment in water. The shell provides a solute permeation layer and consists of primary minerals and other components. This can slow the release of TOC from the core and adsorb secondary contaminants. Physical properties testing showed that the materials core was uniformly cross-linked, and its shell exhibited a clear uniform pore structure (SEM). Favorable mechanical compression was recorded for particle strengths of up to 80-105 N. With a density of 1.1 g&bull;cm<sup>-3</sup>, the material did not float in water. Experiments showed that the material had excellent sustained release. The amount [Max: 21-25 mg&bull;(g&bull;L)<sup>-1</sup>] and rate [Max: 0.185 mg&bull;(g&bull;L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>] of TOC release exhibited a steady state trend, but fluctuated greatly in the case of agricultural wastes [(Max amount: 53-75 mg&bull;(g&bull;L)<sup>-1</sup>, Max rate: 0.455 mg&bull;(g&bull;L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>]. In terms of further functional gene abundance, materials leachate was found to be conducive to denitrifying bacteria. In early denitrification and oxygen trapping experiments, the Fe<sup>0</sup> chemical reaction was dominant for reduction of nitrogen and DO, facilitating denitrification. However, biological denitrification gradually dominated. Differences in denitrification rates between iron-free and iron-containing materials were smaller, as was the correlation between denitrification rate and iron content. These results indicate the formation of physico-habitat synergistic denitrification in the materials system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Agriculture - Bacteria - Carbon - Crosslinking - Ecosystems - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Hydrochemistry - Iron  - Iron research - Nitrogen removal - Remediation
Uncontrolled terms:Biological denitrification - Carbon material - Controlled carbon release - Double layer structure - Ground water remediation - Iron-containing materials - Mechanical compression - Uniform pore structures
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.2  Geochemistry - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Force 8.00e+01N to 1.05e+02N
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711091

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 440>

Accession number:20184906207378
Title:Inhibitory Kinetics of Free Ammonia (FA) on Ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria (AOB)
Authors:Sun, Hong-Wei (1, 2); Yu, Xue (1, 2); Gao, Yu-Xue (3); Li, Wei-Wei (4); Qi, Guo-Ping (4); Xu, Juan (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Gansu Sewage Treatment Industry Technical Center, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (3) Design Institute of Beijing Sound Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing; 101102, China; (4) Gansu Province Light Industry Research Institute, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (5) Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Juan(xujuan@mepscc.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4294-4301
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated to investigate the inhibitory kinetics of free ammonia (FA) on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). At the beginning of the experiment, FA concentrations in influent were altered to achieve stable short-cut nitrification and enrich AOB. Nitritation sludge was then employed to study variations in the specific nitrite production rate (SNiPR) during the ammonia oxidation process of batch tests. Furthermore, a kinetic model of FA inhibition on AOB activity was fitted for statistical analysis. Results showed that SNiPR increased rapidly with increase in FA concentration (0.7 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&le;FA&le;50.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) but decreased with an increase in FA concentration (FA&ge;50.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). SNiPR was maintained at 0 g&bull;(g&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> when FA concentration was higher than 687.1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, implying that AOB activity was completely inhibited. Statistical analysis showed that, compared to Haldane, Edwards-1#, Edwards-2#, and Luong inhibition kinetics models, the Aiba model was the most suitable for describing the inhibitory effect of FA on AOB activity. The statistical constants, i.e., residual square sum (RSS) correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>), F value of the fitting equation, and confidence degree (P) were 0.005, 0.932, 181.7, and 1.06&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, respectively. The dynamic constant values, i.e., maximum specific nitrite production rate (r<inf>max</inf>), half saturation constant (K<inf>S</inf>), and inhibition constant (K<inf>I</inf>) were 0.37 g&bull;(g&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, 11.78 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 153.74 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Batch reactors - Kinetics - Statistical methods
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidation - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Correlation coefficient - Free ammonia - Inhibition constants - Inhibition kinetics - Production rates - Sequencing batch reactors
Classification code:802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.18e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.54e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.87e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801166

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 441>

Accession number:20184906207371
Title:Substrate Flow by Different Biochemical Activities in the Urban Sewage Network
Authors:Yao, Xiang-Yi (1); Shi, Xuan (1); Sang, Lang-Tao (1); Jin, Peng-Kang (1); Wang, Xiao-Chang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, Peng-Kang(pkjin@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4242-4248
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the consumption mechanism of organic contaminants in different biological metabolism pathways within an urban sewage network, a pilot-scale system using two kinds of sediments (urban sewage sediment and artificial sediment) was constructed. The pilot system was operated to study the migration and transformation characteristics of COD, methane, nitrate, and sulfate between sediment and sewage. Results showed that the variation of COD in sewage was 170.58 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with change of COD by deposition and bioreaction of 101.53 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 69.05 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Due to biological metabolism, the generation of methane in sewers was of 7.39 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; the decrease of nitrate and sulfate in sewage was 0.33 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 21.35 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Based on our calculations, the consuming concentration of COD was 32.51 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for methane generation, 8.04 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for denitrification, and 6.41 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for sulfate degradation by sulfate reducing bacteria. The decrease in COD by deposition was responsible for 65.38% of total variation of COD in sewage. The decrease in COD by bioreaction was responsible for 34.62% of total variation in COD. Meanwhile, total variation values of COD for methane generation, denitrification, and sulfate degradation were responsible for 68.01% of COD variation by bioreaction. Deposition was therefore the main pathway for removal of organic contaminants from the sewer system; biochemical activities of methane generation, denitrification, and sulfate degradation also played important roles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Sewage
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Denitrification - Deposition - Metabolism - Methanation - Methane - Nitrates - Physiology - Sediments - Sewers  - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial sediments - Biochemical activity - Biological metabolism - Organic contaminant - Pilot scale system - Sulfate reducing bacteria - Total variation - Urban sewer system
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 461.8  Biotechnology - 461.9  Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.02e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.71e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.14e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.30e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.91e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.04e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 3.46e+01%, Percentage 6.54e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801288

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 442>

Accession number:20184906207343
Title:Emission Inventory of Atmospheric Pollutants and VOC Species from Crop Residue Burning in Guangdong Province
Authors:Sun, Xi-Bo (1, 2, 3); Liao, Cheng-Hao (1, 2, 3); Zeng, Wu-Tao (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Yong-Bo (1, 2, 3); Liang, Xiao-Ming (4); Ye, Dai-Qi (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Management and Policy Simulation, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Regional Atmospheric Environmental Quality Research Center, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (4) School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (5) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3995-4001
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from crop residue burning in Guangdong for the period 2008-2016 was developed, based on crop yield data. Emissions of species of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and corresponding ozone formation potential (OFP) in 2016 were also estimated. Results showed that emissions of atmospheric pollutants from crop residue burning in 2013-2016 were lower than in 2008-2012. This was mainly due to the policy of prohibiting open burning of straw and to improvement of rural living standards, which reduced the proportion of straw burning. In 2016, emissions of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, NH<inf>3</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, EC, OC, NMVOC, CO, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were 2 443.7, 16 187.9, 6 943.8, 29 174.4, 3 625.5, 14 830.7, 65 612.6, 591 613.9, and 49 463.0 t, respectively. Rice straw burning was the main source of pollutants, accounting for about 68.55% of total pollutant emissions. The five municipalities with highest atmospheric pollutant emissions were Zhanjiang, Maoming, Meizhou, Zhaoqing, and Shaoguan, together accounting for about 58.63% of total emissions. The top 10 VOC species for mass-based emissions consisted of ethylene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, benzene, ethyne, propylene, ethane, toluene, propane, and propionaldehyde, together contributing 67.91% to total emissions. The top ten OFP-based VOC species were ethylene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propylene, 1-butylene, propionaldehyde, toluene, acrolein, isoprene, and crotonaldehyde, accounting for 80.83% of total OFP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Acetaldehyde - Agricultural wastes - Ammonia - Crops - Ethylene - Formaldehyde - Propylene - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric pollutant emissions - Atmospheric pollutants - Crop residue burning - Emission inventories - Guangdong Province - Living standards - Ozone formation potentials - Pollutant emission
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.86e+01%, Percentage 6.85e+01%, Percentage 8.08e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802076

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 443>

Accession number:20184906207350
Title:Characteristics of Atmospheric BTX near a Main Road in Hefei City
Authors:Meng, Fan-Hao (1, 2); Qin, Min (1); Liang, Shuai-Xi (1, 2); Xie, Pin-Hua (1, 2, 3); Xia, Hui-Hui (1); Duan, Jun (1); Fang, Wu (1); Tang, Ke (1, 2); Li, Ang (1); Wei, Zhen (4); Wang, Feng (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Environment Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; 230031, China; (2) University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; 230026, China; (3) Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (4) Anhui Environmental Monitoring Center, Hefei; 230071, China 
Corresponding author:Qin, Min(mqin@aiofm.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4060-4069
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study levels of BTX near a main road in Hefei in March 2016, benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and o-xylene (BTX) and conventional pollutants (such as NO<inf>2</inf> and SO<inf>2</inf>) in the atmosphere were monitored through a home-made differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system. Results showed that average concentrations of benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and o-xylene were 21.7, 63.6, 33.9, and 98.7 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Compared with other cities both in China and elsewhere, benzene and toluene pollution can be considered to be of medium level, while xylene pollution is serious. Wind direction, T/B ratio, and correlation with CO were also analyzed, together with BTX sources. Result showed that the T/B ratio was 0.8-4.5, with correlation coefficients of benzene, toluene, and CO of 0.55 and 0.34, respectively. These values indicate that benzene and toluene are mainly derived from automotive emissions, also affected by surrounding industrial parks. Xylene is mainly derived from a coating industrial park north of the observation site. It was shown that high night-time concentrations of benzene and toulene could be due to industrial emissions from the industrial parks around the observation site. The ozone formation potential is in the order of o-xylene&gt;m-xylene&gt;toulene&gt;benzene at the observation site. The ozone formation potential of xylene accounted for 85% of total ozone formation potential, indicating that emissions from surrounding industrial parks contribute greatly to ozone formation in the area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Xylene
Controlled terms:Absorption spectroscopy - Air pollution - Benzene - Industrial emissions - Light absorption - Ozone - Roads and streets - Toluene
Uncontrolled terms:Differential optical absorption spectroscopy - Industrial parks - m-Xylene - Ozone formation potentials - Traffic emissions
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 444>

Accession number:20184906207354
Title:Evaluation of Effect of Urban Non-point Source Pollution Control on Porous Asphalt-Bio-retention Combined Roads
Authors:Gong, Man-Li (1, 2); Zuo, Jun-Jie (3); Ren, Xin-Xin (4); Zhao, Hong-Tao (1, 2); Luo, Xi (1, 2); Liao, Yun-Jie (1, 2); Li, Xu-Yong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Department of Environmental Design, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212000, China; (4) Urban Planning and Design Institute of Shenzhen, Shenzhen; 518028, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Hong-Tao(htzhao@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4096-4104
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Different combinations of low impact development (LID) technologies can be applied for control of urban non-point source pollution. There are currently few evaluations of urban non-point source pollution and pollution load reduction based on a combination of porous asphalt and bio-retention. Taking Shenzhen International Low Carbon City as an example, road-deposited sediments were collected prior to and after rainfall events. Runoff was monitored under six typical rainfall events, from porous asphalt and the inlet/outlet of bio-retention. Through analysis of changes in the process of "build-up-wash-off-transport" of pollutant loads, the average build-up of road-deposited sediments in the study area was found to be (15.80&plusmn;3.79) g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>; the mass percentage of road-deposited sediments (size&gt;250 &mu;m) was approximately 65.14%. The average wash-off percentage of six different intensity rainfall events was 17.15%, and road-deposited sediments (size&lt;105 &mu;m) were carried by 62.71%-74.94%. The average pollution loads of surface runoff pollutants SS, TN, and TP were 2.02, 0.025, and 0.001 3 g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. The removal rates of SS, TN, and TP through porous asphalt under infiltration and filtration were 70.26%, 46.29%, and 19.27%, respectively. The secondary purification removal rates of runoff water in bio-retention were 85.25%, 20.22%, and 70.27%, respectively. Pollutant loads into Dingshan River totaled 0.08, 0.011, and 0.000 3 g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, representing 4.05%, 43.47%, and 24.39% of runoff. The combination thus had a significant effect on runoff purification. Through quantitative research on the formation of non-point source pollution, this paper provides a scientific basis for estimating pollution loads of urban non-point source pollution and evaluating the performance of LID projects. It makes suggestions for the popularization and application of LID and sponge city design in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Pollution control
Controlled terms:Asphalt - Purification - Rain - River pollution - Roads and streets - Runoff - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-retention - Build-up - Pollution loads - Porous asphalts - Purification effect
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 411.1  Asphalt - 442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.71e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 2.02e+01%, Percentage 2.44e+01%, Percentage 4.05e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+01%, Percentage 4.63e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+01% to 7.49e+01%, Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 7.03e+01%, Percentage 8.52e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712213

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 445>

Accession number:20184906207384
Title:Potential to Ensure Safe Production from Rice Fields Polluted with Heavy Cadmium by Combining a Rice Variety with Low Cadmium Accumulation, Humic Acid, and Sepiolite
Authors:Xie, Xiao-Mei (1, 2); Fang, Zhi-Ping (1, 2); Liao, Min (1, 2); Huang, Yu (1, 2); Huang, Xiao-Hui (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou; 310058, China 
Corresponding author:Liao, Min(liaomin@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4348-4358
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study investigated the potential of ensuring safe production of rice from paddy fields affected by heavy cadmium contamination. A paddy soil polluted with heavy cadmium (total Cd content of 2.52 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) surrounding a lead-zinc mining area in Guiyang County of Chenzhou City, Hunan province was selected for analysis. We investigated production using a low cadmium accumulation rice variety (Oryza sativa L. Jia-33) and passivation additives for heavy metal activity (including humic acid and sepiolite). Results showed that: Oryza sativa L. Jia-33 showed good low cadmium accumulation characteristics in rice fields with heavy cadmium pollution. When humic acid and sepiolite were applied (alone or combined), the accumulation of Cd in different organs of the rice declined, and the transport coefficient of Cd for stem to root and polished rice to stem also declined. The rate of decline increased with increased application dosage. The cadmium content in polished rice was lower than the limit established in the National Food Safety Standard (GB 2715-2012), when applying 5.250 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> humic acid, 6.750 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> sepiolite, or a combination of 1.125 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> humic acid and 3.37 5 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> sepiolite; Cd content in polished rice was (0.171&plusmn;0.01), (0.184&plusmn;0.01), and (0.181&plusmn;0.01) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Single or combined application of humic acid and sepiolite promoted the transformation of soil Cd to residual and Fe Mn oxide bound forms, significantly reducing the content of available Cd and the bioavailability of Cd in soil, and further reducing Cd content in all rice organs. The reduction was more effective with single application of sepiolite or combined application of humic acid and sepiolite. The effects of combined application of humic acid and sepiolite were also more beneficial for soil nutrients, while soil available phosphorus, available potassium, phosphorus, and organic matter content increased with increased application of amendments. Soil nitrogen content did not change. In conclusion, results indicate that joint application of humic acid, sepiolite, and a low Cd accumulation rice variety are best for safe production on heavy cadmium-contaminated soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Biochemistry - Biological materials - Cadmium - Chemical contamination - Food safety - Iron oxides - Organic acids - Phosphorus - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation characteristics - Cadmium contamination - Humic acid - Organic matter content - Rice - Safe production - Sepiolite - Transport coefficient
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 822.3  Food Products
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801030

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 446>

Accession number:20184906207368
Title:Distribution Characteristics of Sulfonamide Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Drinking Water Source in East China
Authors:Hu, Ya-Ru (1); Jiang, Lei (2); Zhang, Tian-Yang (1); Lei, Dan-Dan (1); Jiang, Wei-Wei (2); Zhang, Dong (2); Lin, Kuang-Fei (1); Cui, Chang-Zheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai; 200237, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, Shanghai; 200082, China 
Corresponding author:Cui, Chang-Zheng(cuichangzheng@ecust.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4222-4228
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water sources have attracted widespread attention due to the threat they pose to water security and human health. This study mainly focused on the distribution of sulfonamide ARGs (sul1, sul2) and one integrase gene (intI1) in water and sediment using qualitative and fluorescent quantitative PCR, based on previous work on the characteristics of 13 kinds of sulfonamides in a drinking water source in East China. Results showed that the three target genes were all detected in water and sediment. The sul1 gene was the sulfonamide ARG with highest concentration, with 1.5&times;10<sup>4</sup>-6.4&times;10<sup>5</sup> copies&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup> in source water and maximum concentration of 1.6&times;10<sup>8</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in sediment. Concentration of sul1 was 0.6-2.2, 0.5-1.9 order of magnitudes higher than sul2 and intI1 genes, respectively. There was no significant difference between the absolute concentrations of sul1, sul2, and intI1 in inflow and outflow. However, in the case of sediment, absolute abundances of sul1, sul2, and intI1 in outflow were higher than those in inflow. The maximum concentration of sul1 was detected in outflow in summer (6.4&times;10<sup>5</sup> copies&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup>). The concentration of intI1 was higher in winter compared to other seasons. There was a positive correlation between sul1 and 13 sulfonamides (r=0.69, P&lt;0.05), and the relative concentration of sul1 and amount of sulfamethoxazole were significantly positively related (r=0.79, P&lt;0.01). There were also positive correlations between the relative concentrations of intI1 and sul1, sul2 (r: 0.80 and 0.73, P&lt;0.05), respectively, suggesting that intI1 played an important role in horizontal gene transfer of sulfonamide ARGs in this drinking water source. This study provides basic data for monitoring pollution of ARGs, as well as a basis for controlling ARG pollution in the drinking water environment and making management decisions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Potable water
Controlled terms:Amides - Antibiotics - Gene transfer - Genes - Health risks - Polymerase chain reaction - Sediments - Sulfur compounds - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotics resistance - Distribution characteristics - Drinking water sources - Horizontal gene transfer - Integrase
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712106

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 447>

Accession number:20184906207346
Title:PM<inf>2.5</inf> Pollution Characterization and Cause Analysis of a Winter Heavy Pollution Event, Liaocheng City
Authors:Zhang, Jing-Qiao (1); Wu, Ya-Jun (1); Zhang, Meng (1); Wang, Han (1); Chen, Zhen-Xing (1); Hu, Jun (1); Li, Hui (1); Fan, Xiao-Long (1); Chai, Fa-He (1); Wang, Shu-Lan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Shu-Lan(wangsl@craes.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4026-4033
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Heavy pollution events frequently occur during fall and winter seasons in northern areas. In order to understand the characteristics and chemical composition of PM<inf>2.5</inf> during heavy pollution in winter in Liaocheng City, ambient PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected between January 7-11,2016. Mass concentration, water-soluble ions, carbonaceous species, and elements were analyzed, as well as the causes of pollution. Results showed that PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration was 238.3 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> with the trend clearly that of an inverted V; this concentration represents exceedance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) by more than 2.2 times. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>(SNA)were the main water-soluble ions. As pollution increased or decreased, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> exhibited the same trend, which contrasted with that of Ca<sup>2+</sup>. During the peak of pollution, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> concentrations were 48.96, 68.45, and 80.55 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, with these representing levels 6.29, 7.31, and 7.84 times those of the initial stage, respectively. During the pollution event, OC and EC concentration variation ranges were 20.8-60.2 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and 3.0-7.5 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The concentration of OC was significantly higher than that of EC and the variation amplitude was significantly larger. During the event, the mass concentrations of 27 inorganic elements on each day were 10.2, 22.4, 16.0, 19.6, and 8.2 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Enrichment factors (EF) of all elements were less than 10, indicating lack of enrichment and showing that sources were mainly natural. PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration reconstruction results showed that organic matter (OM), SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were major components, followed by NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, crustal material, and other ions. EC and trace element content was relatively low. As PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution worsened, secondary inorganic salt (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) concentrations and proportions increased, OM concentration increased but its proportion decreased, while crustal material concentration and proportion both decreased, showing that secondary inorganic conversion was the main cause of this pollution event, mainly driven by coal and motor vehicle emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Air quality - Ions - Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical compositions - Heavy pollution event - Liaocheng City - PM2.5 - Secondary transformation
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801114

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 448>

Accession number:20184906207362
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Release Fluxes of Phosphorus Forms in Xiangxi Bay Sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Before and After Impoundment
Authors:Liu, Xin-Yuan (1); Song, Lin-Xu (1); Ji, Dao-Bin (1); Liu, De-Fu (2); Li, Xin (1); Huang, Jia-Wei (1); Zhao, Chong (1); Tang, Yong-Chun (1); Ping, Ming-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Lin-Xu(280825327@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4169-4178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The sediment storage environment in tributaries has been altered by impoundment of water in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, affecting the distribution of phosphorus forms in sediment and processes at the sediment-water interface. Through collection of sediment and overlying water samples in Xiangxi Bay in August 2016 (before impoundment) and October (after impoundment), the distribution characteristics of sedimentary phosphorus and the environmental conditions of storage before and after impoundment were analyzed. Fluxes of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P at the sediment-water interface were also estimated. Results show that pH increased, alkalinity and reducibility were enhanced, and Eh in sediments decreased after impoundment. The relative content of phosphorus in sediments changed as follows: NaOH-P&gt;HCl-P&gt;OP to HCl-P&gt;OP&gt;NaOH-P; this could be attributed to changes in the depositional environment. Compared to pre-impoundment values, TP values after impoundment in sediment, overlying water &rho;(PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P), and interstitial water &rho; (PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P) were 1.3 times, 3.7 times, and 8.3 times higher, increasing the risk of nutrient release in sediments of Xiangxi Bay. The manifestation of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P in sendiments of Xiangxi River generally is "source" pre-impoundment and post-impoundment, but the PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P diffusive flux increased from -0.002 9-0.005 9 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> pre-impoundment to 0.006 7-0.107 1 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> post-impoundment. The release of phosphorus from sediments at the bottom of Xiangxi Bay increased after impoundment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water) - Sodium hydroxide
Uncontrolled terms:Depositional environment - Diffusive flux - Distribution characteristics - Environmental conditions - Sediment water interface - Three gorges reservoir - Three gorges reservoir area - Xiangxi bays
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711189

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 449>

Accession number:20184906207387
Title:Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Chicken Manure Organic Fertilizers in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region and related Environmental Risk Assessment
Authors:Li, Fa (1, 2); Xu, Ying-Ming (2); Wang, Lin (2); Liang, Xue-Feng (2); Sun, Yue-Bing (2); Ji, Yi-Ning (1, 2); Luan, Run-Yu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Original Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laborary of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin; 300191, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Yue-Bing(sunyuebing@aepi.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4375-4384
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:One hundred and twenty types of chicken manure organic fertilizer samples were collected from five provinces and two cities in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, to investigate heavy metal content, fractionation, and environmental risk through toxicity characteristic leaching procedures. Results showed that content of heavy metals in chicken manure organic fertilizer varied greatly, in the order of Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;As&gt;Cd. When compared with the standard for organic manure, ratios of Cd, As, and Pb exceeded the standard by 6.7%, 47.05%, and 14.28%, respectively. Moreover, the content of heavy metals varied significantly in different provinces. Cd and Zn in organic manure fertilizers were mainly Fe and Mn oxide-bound fractions, accounting for 37.3% and 43.79%, respectively. However, the proportion of residual fractions of Pb, organically-bound fractions of Cu, and exchangeable forms of As were higher. Contents of TCLP-Zn,-Cu,-Cd,-Pb and-As in organic manure were 41.11, 33.3, 0.07, 1.25, and 0.21 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The number of samples in which Zn and Pb in organic manure exceeded the standard was 6 and 5, respectively, with these mainly obtained from Hebei and Jiangsu provinces. There was a significant correlation between total content of Zn, Cu, Cd, and As in organic manure and content of TCLP (P&lt;0.05). Based on an annual manure application rate of chicken manure of 15 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, safe application of chicken manure is in the order of Henan&gt;Tianjin&gt;Anhui = Shandong=Jiangsu&gt;Hebei&gt;Beijin.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Animals - Heavy metals - Iron oxides - Leaching - Manures - Risk assessment - Toxicity - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Environmental risk assessment - Environmental risks - Fraction - Heavy metal contents - Manure applications - Organic fertilizers - Organic manure - Toxicity characteristic leaching procedures
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.43e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+01%, Percentage 4.38e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+01%, Percentage 6.70e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711152

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 450>

Accession number:20184806135263
Title:Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Enzyme Activities in Profile of Paddy Soil Profiles
Authors:Du, Lin-Sen (1, 2); Tang, Mei-Ling (2, 3); Zhu, Zhen-Ke (2, 4); Wei, Liang (2); Wei, Xiao-Meng (2); Zhou, Ping (2); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wang, Jiu-Rong (2); Zou, Dong-Sheng (1); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha; 410128, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agriculture Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (3) College of Life Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Zhen-Ke(zhuzhenke@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3901-3909
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The enzyme activity, which is closely related to soil material cycling (mineralization, transformation, etc.), can reflect soil quality and nutrient status. In order to explore the effect of long-term fertilization on the enzyme activity in paddy soil profile (0-40 cm), soils with organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and non-fertilized soils were selected, and the carbon and nitrogen contents, and the activities of &beta;-1,4-glucosidase (BG), and &beta;-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) in 10cm depths of soil were analyzed. The results showed that the activities of BG and NAG in the soils treated with inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer increased by 0.73-47.87 nmol&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 1.33-128.81 nmol&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, and 0.19-9.72 nmol&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.92-57.66 nmol&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, compared to those for non-fertilized soil. Soil enzyme activity decreased with increasing soil depth. Soil enzyme activity in soil from 0-20 cm was significantly higher than that of soil from 20-40 cm. Soil enzyme activities were significantly affected by long term fertilization at different soil depths. RDA analysis showed that soil carbon and nitrogen contents had significant positive relationships with the activities of BG and NAG in the 0-20 cm soil profiles, however, negative relationships were observed in the 20-40 cm soil profiles. The long-term application of organic fertilizer significantly increased soil biomass and enzyme activity, both of which decreased with the increase in soil depth. Long-term fertilization could increase soil nutrient contents, microbial biomass, and extracellular enzyme activities, which has important theoretical significance for optimizing farmland fertilizer management and improving soil productivity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Carbon - Enzyme activity - Nitrogen fertilizers - Nutrients - Soil surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Hydrolytic enzyme - Long-term fertilization - Michaelis-Menten equations - Paddy soils - Soil profiles
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 4.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711234

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 451>

Accession number:20184806135469
Title:Bacterioplankton Community Structure in the Lancang River Basin and the Analysis of Its Driving Environmental Factors
Authors:Cheng, Bao (1); Wang, Xue (1); Xu, Ya-Qian (1); Yang, Zheng-Jian (1); Liu, De-Fu (1); Ma, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Civil Construction and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Zheng-Jian(656637841@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3649-3659
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the bacterioplankton diversity community structure in the Lancang River basin, as well as to study the relationship between the bacterial diversity and environmental factors, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze and compare the bacterial diversity and community composition of samples in February 2017. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) were used to identify the key environmental factors for the change of bacterial community structure in the natural river and reservoirs of the Lancang river. The results show that the ACE index and Shannon index of the natural river are higher than those of the reservoir, and the main environmental factors causing the diversity of planktonic bacteria in natural river and reservoir segments are water temperature (WT), dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity (Tur), permanganate index, pH, and total nitrogen (TN). Overall, 26772 optimized reads were obtained from samples based on the high-throughput sequencing of the V3 and V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial species detected in these samples cover 45 phyla and 965 genera. Taxonomic assignment analysis indicated that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria are the abundant phyla. Among them, the Proteobacteria content is relatively rich, accounting for 36%-94% of the bacterial community. The predominant groups are &alpha;-Proteobacteria, &beta;-Proteobacteria, and &gamma;-Proteobacteria, at the genus level, with Proteobacteria ratios of 0.39%-21.56%, 0.39%-55.80% and 31.09%-99.18%, respectively. The environmental factors affecting the community structure of planktonic bacteria are different in natural river and reservoir. DO and Tur are the key environmental factors affecting the community structure of planktonic bacteria in the natural river, while the community structure of planktonic bacteria in reservoirs is mainly affected by WT, permanganate index, and TN.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Factor analysis
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Correlation methods - Dissolved oxygen - Reservoirs (water) - Rivers - RNA - Throughput - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial diversity - Community structures - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Lancang River
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444.1  Surface Water - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.60e+01% to 9.40e+01%, Percentage 3.90e-01% to 2.16e+01%, Percentage 3.11e+01% to 9.92e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711014

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 452>

Accession number:20184806135461
Title:Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Scenarios of Beijing Subsidiary Administrative Center Based on Road Traffic Flow
Authors:Fan, Shou-Bin (1, 2); Guo, Jin-Jin (1); Li, Xue-Feng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing; 100037, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xue-Feng(lixuefeng@cee.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3571-3579
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the scenario analysis method was used to establish motor vehicle exhaust emission inventories based on road-traffic-flow information of the Beijing subsidiary administrative center under different scenarios, with a base year of 2015. The pollutant emissions in 2020 and 2025 were forecast by calculating the motor vehicle pollutant emission inventories of future road-traffic-flow information and various scenarios. The results showed that the kilometers travelled via motor vehicles and the road network density of the Beijing subsidiary administrative center both will increase continuously over the next 10 years. Compared with the baseline scenario, each control scenario had a certain degree of reduction in pollutant emissions, and the reduction rates increased with the strengthening of the measures. The emission reductions of pollutants were significant in the new energy vehicle promotion scenario, especially for NO<inf>x</inf> and PM. The effect of emission reduction of every pollutant was significant in the outgoing vehicle restriction scenario. Elimination of highly polluting vehicles had a significant effect in the short term, but the effect of long-term reduction was weak. The combined scenario achieved the best reduction rate of pollutant emissions, with CO, NO<inf>x</inf>, HC, and PM decreasing by 39.0%, 58.7%, 49.2%, and 55.5%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Street traffic control
Controlled terms:Emission control - Nitrogen oxides - Roads and streets - Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms:Degree of reduction - Emission inventories - Emission reduction - Motor vehicle - New energy vehicles - Pollutant emission - Road traffic flows - Scenario analysis
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+01yr, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 4.92e+01%, Percentage 5.55e+01%, Percentage 5.87e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712121

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 453>

Accession number:20184806135477
Title:Preparation and Characterization of a Calcium Alginate/Biochar Microsphere and Its Adsorption Characteristics and Mechanisms for Pb(Ⅱ)
Authors:Yu, Chang-Jiang (1, 2); Dong, Xin-Yu (2); Wang, Miao (2); Lin, Qiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment &amp; Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou; 571158, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, Qiang(linqianggroup@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3719-3728
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A microsphere (CA/BC) was prepared using biochar (BC) encapsulated with calcium alginate (CA) as a green adsorbent for Pb(&#8545;) removal from aqueous solution. The effects of the initial Pb(&#8545;) concentration, initial pH value of the Pb(&#8545;) solution, and equilibrium contact time were investigated. The isothermal thermodynamic data of the BC and CA/BC conformed to the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities of the BC and CA/BC from the Langmuir equation were 93.20 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 155.04 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> respectively, at pH=5. The adsorption of Pb(&#8545;) by the BC was in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order equation, indicating that chemisorption was the rate-controlling step. The adsorption of Pb(&#8545;) by the CA/BC was in good agreement with the pseudo-first-order model, which suggested that the rate-limiting step was governed by diffusion. Mechanism studies for Pb(&#8545;) removal by the CA/BC showed that the nature of Pb(&#8545;) abstraction took place through ion exchange between Ca(&#8545;) and Pb(&#8545;) as well as via the formation of a coordination complex.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Lead compounds
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Alginate - Calcium - Coordination reactions - Dyes - Ion exchange - Mechanisms - Microspheres
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Adsorption characteristic - Bio chars - Calcium alginate - Coordination complex - Pseudo-second-order equations - Rate-controlling steps - Rate-limiting steps
Classification code:549.2  Alkaline Earth Metals - 601.3  Mechanisms - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711274

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 454>

Accession number:20184806135474
Title:Sedimentation Characteristics and Pollutant Content Distribution of Storm Drainage Sediments
Authors:Shang, Yu (1, 2); Zhou, Yi (1, 2); Liao, An-Yi (1, 2); Fang, Zheng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan; 430072, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Yi(yzhou@whu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3696-3703
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To determine the characteristics of precipitation and pollutant content in storm drainage sediments, samples of sediment from building areas (including residential areas), roads, and green spaces in Wuhan were collected and analyzed. The settling velocity results show that particles with high settling velocity weight occupied a larger proportion in the sediment; the settling velocity distribution of sediments in building areas and roads was more stable than that in green spaces; and the proportion of particles with settling velocity over 3.00 cm&bull;s<sup>-1</sup> in building areas, roads, and green spaces decreased in turn. The particle size distribution indicated sediment size had a wide variation range, with most particles concentrated in the range 13-628 &mu;m, and that the particle size distribution in sediment from the same land type could differ greatly. Each sample was divided into seven groups according to settling velocity. The contents of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were tested. The results indicate that pollutant contents in groups containing particles with settling velocity over 3.00 cm&bull;s<sup>-1</sup> or below 0.025 cm&bull;s<sup>-1</sup> were lower than those in other groups. Most pollutants were concentrated in particles with high settling velocity. The COD concentration declined in green spaces, roads, and building areas, in turn, for most cases. The nitrogen content in the drainage sediment of roads was lower than those in the two other kinds of land, whereas the phosphorus content in the drainage sediment of building areas was higher than those in the two other kinds of land. In the storm drainage sediment, the ratio of COD: TN was between (51-89): 1 and that of COD: TP was between (102-186): 1.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Buildings - Chemical oxygen demand - Light transmission - Nitrogen - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Phosphorus - Pollution - Size distribution - Storm sewers  - Storms - Velocity - Velocity distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Content distribution - Drainage sediments - Phosphorus contents - Pollutant content - Residential areas - Sedimentation characteristic - Settling velocity - Settling velocity distributions
Classification code:402  Buildings and Towers - 443.3  Precipitation - 452.1  Sewage - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.30e-05m to 6.28e-04m, Velocity 2.50e-04m/s to 2.20e+01m/s, Velocity 3.00e-02m/s to 2.20e+01m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709085

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 455>

Accession number:20184806135463
Title:Temporal and Spatial Changes in Sediment Nutrients and Heavy Metals of the Danjiangkou Reservoir Before and After Water Division of the Mid-route Project
Authors:Li, Bing (1, 2); Wang, Ya (3); Zheng, Zhao (2); Xu, Xin (2); Xin, Ying-Du (2); Huang, Jin (2); Guo, Shi-Jun (1); Bi, Sheng-Ge (1); Hu, Lan-Qun (2); Chen, Zhao-Jin (1); Li, Yu-Ying (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang; 473061, China; (2) Emergency Centre for Environmental Monitoring of Mid-route Project of South-North Water Diversion, Taocha; 474475, China; (3) Environmental Protection Bureau of Zhenping County, Zhenping; 474250, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yu-Ying(lyying200508@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3591-3600
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Reservoir/lake sediments are potential pollutant acceptors and sources of pollution. The Danjiangkou Reservoir, as the largest drinking water source in China, is the source water area for the Mid-route Project of the South-North Water Diversion. To illustrate the temporal and spatial changes in the environmental risks of both nutrients and heavy metals in the surface sediments of Danjiangkou Reservoir, the levels of pH, OM, TP, TN, and six kinds of metal elements during the period 2011-2016 were measured at five ecological sites. Canadian freshwater sediment quality guidelines for aquatic environments (from the CCME) were used to assess the potential ecological risks. The results showed that the contents of OM, TP, and TN in the surface sediments were 25.85, 0.57, and 1.34 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and those of Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 57.96, 521.78, 13.91, 195.74, 0.37, and 12.92 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The contents of both Zn and Cd were under the corresponding II-level standards of soil environmental quality, but the contents of the other four heavy metals were lower than their corresponding I-level standards. After water diversion of the Mid-route Project, the OM, TN, Mn, and Zn contents increased, and the TP and other heavy metal contents displayed downward trends. Excluding the pH value, the distribution of measured nutrients and heavy metals in the surface sediments of the Danjiangkou Reservoir reached the extremely significant level (P&lt;0.01). OM in the sediments was negatively correlated with TN and Pb, but had positive correlations with the other indicators measured. The results from the potential ecological risk assessment showed that: &#9312;Cd, Cu, and Pb had no harmful effects on organisms; &#9313; OM had low ecological risk in most years; &#9314; the risk of TP was between zero and low ecological risk; and &#9315;Cr, Zn, and TN had low ecological risk in most cases. The K and H sites had higher ecological risk for Cr, Zn, and TN, thus attention should be paid to those cases. These results illustrate the effects of human activities on nutrients and heavy metals in surface sediments.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Flood control - Heavy metals - Manganese removal (water treatment) - Nutrients - Pollution - Potable water - Reservoirs (water) - Surficial sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Danjiangkou reservoir - Drinking water sources - Ecological risk assessment - Environmental quality - Positive correlations - Potential ecological risk - Surface sediments - Temporal and spatial changes
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801003

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 456>

Accession number:20184806135468
Title:Effects of Organic Pollutants on the Bacterioplankton Community in Hangzhou Bay
Authors:Xuan, Li-Xia (1); Dai, Wen-Fang (1, 2); Yu, Wei-Na (1, 2); Zhou, Su-Ming (1); Ou, Chang-Rong (1); Xiong, Jin-Bo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo; 315211, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo; 315211, China 
Corresponding author:Xiong, Jin-Bo(xiongjinbo@nbu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3640-3648
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Hangzhou Bay suffers from intensive anthropogenic disturbances and a huge amount of terrestrial inputs, and thus has become one of the most seriously contaminated coastal zones in China. There is evidence that microbes play a dominant role in pollutant biodegradation and serve as biomarkers for pollution levels. However, it remains unclear how the bacterioplankton communities respond to organic contaminants. To fill this knowledge gap, we collected surface water samples (0.5 m below the surface layer) from 13 sites across Hangzhou Bay and 8 control sites across its adjacent offshore areas. Using Illumina sequencing based on analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, we explored the effects of increasing organic pollution levels on the bacterioplankton community compositions (BCCs). The results revealed that the organic pollution level (A) in Hangzhou Bay (13.2&plusmn;1.6) was significantly (P&lt;0.001) higher than in the control zone (5.4&plusmn;3.0). The distribution and diversity of bacterioplankton communities were significantly distinct between the two zones. The dominant bacterioplankton lineages in Hangzhou Bay were &gamma;-Proteobacteria (24.4%&plusmn;5.5%), &alpha;-Proteobacteria (16.5%&plusmn;7.7%), and Planctomycetes (13.9%&plusmn;8.6%), whereas those in the adjacent zones were Cyanobacteria (20.1%&plusmn;7.5%), Bacteroidetes (18.4%&plusmn;1.5%), Actinobacteria (17.5%&plusmn;4.2%), &gamma;-Proteobacteria (16.6%&plusmn;1.2%), and &alpha;-Proteobacteria (14.3%&plusmn;1.7%). Multivariate regression tree (MRT) analysis showed that the bacterioplankton community diversity was primarily affected by suspended particulates (SP), nitrite, oil, and organic pollutants, which respectively explained 22.0%, 6.5%, 6.0%, and 5.5% of the variance in diversity. Redundancy analysis (RDA) illustrated that the bacterioplankton community distribution was controlled by organic pollutants, COD, Chla, TN, nitrate, and salinity, which cumulatively governed 71.0% of the variation in BCCs. Organic pollutants alone controlled 6.5% variance, which was higher than any other single factor. Additionally, 35 sensitive species were identified via the indicator value method and their relative abundances were significantly associated (P&lt;0.05 in each case) with the organic pollution level, thereby indicating their potential for evaluating coastal pollution. Collectively, our work demonstrates that BCCs are sensitive to coastal pollution and provides biomarkers for elevated pollution levels.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Biomarkers - Coastal zones - Marine pollution - Offshore oil well production - Pollution control - Redundancy - Regression analysis - River pollution - RNA  - Surface waters
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic disturbance - Bacterioplanktons - Diversity - Multivariate regression trees - Organic pollution - Redundancy analysis - Redundancy analysis (RDA) - Suspended particulates
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8  Biotechnology - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 511.1  Oil Field Production Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 5.50e+00%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 6.50e+00%, Percentage 7.10e+01%, Size 5.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 457>

Accession number:20184806135459
Title:Emission Characteristics and Characteristic Substance Identification of Volatile Odorous Organic Compounds in Industries Using Organic Solvents
Authors:Zhai, Zeng-Xiu (1, 2, 3); Meng, Jie (1, 2, 3); Wang, Gen (1, 2); Zhai, You-Cun (1, 3); Cao, Yang (1, 3); Zou, Ke-Hua (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin; 300191, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin; 300191, China; (3) Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Protection Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin; 300191, China 
Corresponding author:Zou, Ke-Hua(zoukehua@netease.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3557-3562
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the emission characteristics of volatile organic malodorous compounds and identify the characteristic substances of associated industries, the components of VOCs of typical industries were detected and analyzed in an industrial area of south China. The results showed that there are certain differences in the material composition among different companies, and there are also certain differences in the composition of different processes in the same company. For the automobile manufacturing industry, alcohols and esters were the main substances in the spraying workshop, accounting for 21.87% and 21.62%, respectively, and aromatic hydrocarbons were the typical substances in the drying workshop, accounting for 41.14%. Concerning the electronic components industry, esters were the main substances, accounting for 67.99% in the spraying and coating workshop. Regarding the coating production industry, esters were the main substances in the two paint companies, but the emission ratio of aromatic hydrocarbons was the second highest in one company and the emission ratio of ketone was the second highest in the other company. For the printing industry, alcohols were the characteristic substances, accounting for 99.32%. Concerning the refrigeration industry, alkanes were the most abundant compounds, accounting for 83.01%. Esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and isobutyl acetate), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene), and alcohol ketones (ethanol, methyl isobutyone, and 2-butanone) were preliminarily identified as characteristic malodorous compounds of the industries using organic solvents.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Organic solvents
Controlled terms:Aromatization - Coatings - Esters - Hydrocarbons - Industrial emissions - Ketones - Mineral oils - Styrene - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Automobile manufacturing - Characteristic malodors - Electronic component - Emission characteristics - Malodorous compounds - Material compositions - Odorous - Production industries
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.2  Coating Materials
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.16e+01%, Percentage 2.19e+01%, Percentage 4.11e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%, Percentage 8.30e+01%, Percentage 9.93e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711012

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 458>

Accession number:20184806135495
Title:Environmental Filters Drive the Assembly of the Soil Fungal Community in the Larix principis-rupprechtii Forests of the Guandi Mountains
Authors:Zhao, Peng-Yu (1); Li, Cui (2); Chai, Bao-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) Department of Environment and Economics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan; 030006, China 
Corresponding author:Chai, Bao-Feng(bfchai@sxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3876-3884
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The community assembly process, which purports that the trade-off between the stochastic process and the deterministic process, is the central issue of community ecology, and is one of the most controversial ecological issues. The current research investigated the fungal community in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forests of the Guandi Mountains and elucidated the relative role of the stochastic and deterministic processes in the assembly of soil fungal community on a local scale. The correlation analysis and redundancy analysis of the physicochemical factors in soil and dominant fungal phyla, as well as the structural equation model analysis, showed that these physicochemical factors and aboveground vegetation diversity had significant effects on fungal communities. The direct effect of vegetation diversity on fungal community structure was the most (1.185 8). It is inferred that the determination process (environmental selection) has a certain influence on the assembly of fungal communities. The &beta;-diversity of fungal community shows a distance-decay pattern; thus, it can be concluded that the stochastic process (dispersal limitation) has a certain effect on the assembly of fungal communities. Null model analysis confirmed that the deterministic process was the main driving factor for the assembly of the fungal communities in the study area, and their relative importance varied along with altitudinal gradient. The null deviations in the study area were negative, suggesting that habitat filtering was the driving factor of the assembly of fungal communities. Overall, the deterministic versus stochastic processes jointly drive the assembly of fungal communities in the study area, while the deterministic processes triumph.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Fungi
Controlled terms:Economic and social effects - Ecosystems - Factor analysis - Forestry - Random processes - Soils - Stochastic models - Stochastic systems - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Community assembly - Correlation analysis - Deterministic process - Null model - Physico-chemical factors - Soil fungal communities - Structural equation modeling - Vegetation diversities
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 922.1  Probability Theory - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 961  Systems Science - 971  Social Sciences
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712148

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 459>

Accession number:20184806135452
Title:Pollution Characteristics of Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosols in Beibei District, Chongqing
Authors:Peng, Xiao-Le (1); Hao, Qing-Ju (1); Wen, Tian-Xue (2); Ji, Dong-Sheng (2); Liu, Zi-Rui (2); Wang, Yue-Si (2); Chen, Jian-Bo (1); Jiang, Chang-Sheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Chang-Sheng(jiangcs@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3502-3510
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the pollution characteristics of atmospheric carbon aerosols, aerosol samples were collected via a cascade impactor (Andersen) from March 2014 to February 2015 in Beibei District, Chongqing. Organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) were detected using a DRI 2001A carbon analyzer. The results showed that the annual average concentrations of OC and EC in PM<inf>2.1</inf> were (16.3&plusmn;7.6) and (1.8&plusmn;0.7), respectively, and (25.0&plusmn;9.6), and (3.2&plusmn;1.3) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, in PM<inf>9.0</inf>. The concentrations of both OC and EC were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn for PM<inf>2.1</inf>, whereas, for PM<inf>9.0</inf>, the concentration of OC was higher in summer and spring than in winter and autumn and that of EC was higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. The particle size distributions of OC and EC for the study year were analyzed, and it was found that those of OC were bimodal, with peaks in the size ranges of 0.43-0.65 &mu;m for fine particles and 4.7-5.8 &mu;m for coarse particles, and those of EC were trimodal, with peaks in the size ranges of 0.43-0.65 &mu;m for fine particles and 4.7-5.8 &mu;m for coarse particles and a concurrent significant peak in the particle size range of 2.1-3.3 &mu;m. In addition, the correlations between OC and EC were analyzed and the SOC in PM<inf>2.1</inf> was estimated. It was found that the average concentration of SOC was (6.3&plusmn;5.9) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, which accounted for 33.5%&plusmn;22.6% of the OC concentration in Beibei District. Furthermore, OC and EC were significantly correlated. Finally, the pollution sources of atmospheric aerosols in Beibei were analyzed, and it was found that the pollution in Beibei mainly came from the exhaust gas of gasoline vehicles, biomass combustion, and coal combustion.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Atmospheric aerosols
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Atmospheric thermodynamics - Coal combustion - Meteorological instruments - Organic carbon - Particle size
Uncontrolled terms:Annual average concentration - Atmospheric carbon - Average concentration - Beibei - Biomass combustion - Cascade impactors - Elemental carbon - Particle size ranges
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 451  Air Pollution - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Electric_Current 2.00e+03A, Size 2.10e-06m to 3.30e-06m, Size 4.30e-07m to 6.50e-07m, Size 4.70e-06m to 5.80e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711205

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 460>

Accession number:20184806135488
Title:Spectroscopic Characterization of DOM During Hyperthermophilic Composting of Sewage Sludge
Authors:Liu, Xiao-Ming (1); Yu, Zhen (1); Zhou, Pu-Xiong (1, 2); Luo, Hai-Lin (1, 2); Wang, Yue-Qiang (1); Liao, Han-Peng (2); Zhou, Shun-Gui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agro-environment Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou; 510650, China; (2) Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou; 350002, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Zhen(yuzhen@soil.gd.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3807-3815
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Spectroscopy methods such as three-dimensional excitation-emission (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy were applied to analyze the structures and changes of DOM in hyperthermophilic composting of sewage sludge to fully understand the advantages of hyperthermophilic composting in promoting sludge maturity. The results showed that the temperature reached its peak value at 90&#8451; and remained over 80&#8451; for 5 d. The thermophilic period more than 50&#8451; lasted for 22 d. This indicated that the microorganisms were metabolically active during the composting. The parameters of UV-visible (UV-Vis), including E<inf>253</inf>/E<inf>203</inf>, SUVA<inf>280</inf>, and S<inf>275-295</inf>, significantly changed from days 0 to 23, showing that the aromaticity degree of DOM and the humification degree of the compost gradually strengthened. Combined with the fluorescence regional integration (FRI), the 3D-EEM analysis results illuminated that the protein-like materials in DOM were completely degraded during days 0 to 6 of the hyperthermophilic composting and a large amount of humic acid-like and fulvic-like materials formed from days 0 to 23, indicating the compost was mature at the hyperthermophilic stage. This was consistent with the germination index (GI) on day 23 (GI=98.5%) as well. Based on the correlation analysis between spectroscopic parameters, P<inf>&#8548;,n</inf>/P<inf>&#8546;,n</inf> showed close relationship with others (r&ge;0.68), showing their potential as indicators for maturity of hyperthermophilic composting. The results above confirmed that fermentation time could be greatly shortened to about 20 d by using the hyperthermophilic composting, which has great potential for application in organic solid waste management.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Waste treatment
Controlled terms:Composting - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Sewage sludge - Spectroscopic analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation analysis - Fluorescence regional integration (FRI) - Hyperthermophilic - Maturity - Organic solid wastes - Spectroscopic characterization - Spectroscopic parameters - Thermophilic period
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 801  Chemistry
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712204

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 461>

Accession number:20184806135464
Title:Fluorescence Characteristics and Environmental Significance of Organic Matter in the Northern Part of Lake Taihu in Spring and Winter
Authors:L&uuml;, Wei-Wei (1); Yao, Xin (1, 2); Zhang, Bao-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Planning, University of Liaocheng, Liaocheng; 252000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Yao, Xin(yaoxin@lcu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3601-3613
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Organic matter (OM), rich in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other biogenic elements, has numerous geochemical and ecological functions in all kinds of water bodies, and is highly valued in ecological studies of both marine and inland environments. The formation, transformation, and fate of OM, and its accompanying nutrient regeneration process are key links in the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore OM, as a provider of nutrients, also plays a very significant role during the outbreak of algal blooms in inland lakes. Two extensive sampling campaigns were conducted at the same site (n=17) in Lake Taihu in February and May of 2015, and 34 (17&times;2) samples were collected. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence was combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to characterize the spatial-temporal variations in the components and sources of particulate (POM) and dissolved (DOM) organic matter. Moreover, the correlations between fluorescence intensity and Chla were studied. Significant differences between the fluorescence peaks, fluorescence positions, and fluorescence intensities of POM and DOM indicated that the components of POM were more complex than those of DOM. Fluorescence intensities and fluorescence indices indicated that POM and DOM possessed endogenous characteristics and that estuaries possessed obvious exogenous characteristics. Five types of fluorophores were present in POM (C1p-C5p) and DOM (C1d-C5d): tyrosine-like fluorophores (C1 and C2), humic-like fluorophores (C3 and C4), and tryptophan-like fluorophores (C5). The fluorescent components of POM and DOM differed significantly. C3p was the dominant fluorophore in POM during spring and winter, and fluorescence intensities of C1p-C5p were higher in the Meiliang Bay and the central part of thelake than in other areas. C2d, C1d, and C5d were the dominant fluorophores in DOM during spring and winter, and fluorescence intensities of C1d-C5d were higher in the Zhushan Bay than in other areas. In spring, positive correlations were observed between C1d and C2d (P&lt;0.01), C3d and C4d (P&lt;0.01), C1p and C4p (P&lt;0.05), and C2p and C5p (P&lt;0.01). Remarkably, C3p and C3d (P&lt;0.01) and C3p and C4d (P&lt;0.05) were positively correlated, suggesting that these two forms of OM were correlated. Similarly, highly significant, positive correlations were observed between C1d and C2d (P&lt;0.01), C3d and C4d (P&lt;0.01), C1p and C2p (P&lt;0.01), and C1d and C2p (P&lt;0.01) during winter. Furthermore, Chla and C5d were significantly and positively correlated (P&lt;0.01). However, both Chla/C2d and Chla/C3p were negatively correlated in spring. Furthermore, Chla and C4d were negatively correlated in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:66
Main heading:Fluorophores
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Aquatic ecosystems - Biogeochemistry - Elementary particle sources - Fluorescence - Lakes - Nutrients - Organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Environmental significance - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence characteristics - Fluorescence intensities - PARAFAC - Parallel factor analysis - Particulate organic matters
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801228

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 462>

Accession number:20184806135471
Title:Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Diversity of the Denitrifying Anaerobic Methane-Oxidizing Bacterial Community in the Sediments of the Hunhe River and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors
Authors:Zhang, Ya-Di (1, 2); Song, Yong-Hui (1); Peng, Jian-Feng (1); Zhang, Jian-Qiao (3); Zhang, Pan-Yue (2); Liu, Rui-Xia (1); Shi, Guo-Qiang (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Urban Water Environmental Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha; 410082, China; (3) Environmental Protection and Water Bureau of Shenzhen Luohu District, Shenzhen; 518000, China; (4) Tsinghua Holdings Human Settlements Environment Institute, Beijing; 100000, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Jian-Feng(pjf1995@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3670-3676
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:16S rRNA and pmoA functional genes were used as biomarker genes to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of community diversity of Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera) in the sediments of the Hunhe River by clone library technology. The dependence relationship between the physicochemical property of water and sediment samples and the diversity characteristics of the M. oxyfera community were analyzed by multivariate direct gradient analysis. Among the examples collected in September 2014, the OTU number of the 16S rRNA gene of M. oxyfera was 2-5, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 0.21-1.4, and the distribution characteristics in the middle reaches&gt;upstream&gt;downstream were presented. The OTU number and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the pmoA functional gene in upstream samples are significantly higher than those in the middle and lower reach samples, and the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices in the upstream samples are 3.5 times and 2.3 times higher than that of the middle and the downstream samples, respectively. The community diversity of M. oxyfera showed a distinct regional distribution. Samples were collected at 3 sampling points in March 2015. The OTU values of 16S rRNA and pmoA for M. oxyfera are 6 and 5 respectively, which were obviously higher than those in September 2014. The Shannon-Wiener index is also higher than that in September 2014 (1.4&gt;0.68; 57&gt;0.00). The community diversity of M. oxyfera showed obvious seasonal distribution characteristics. Multivariate direct gradient analysis results showed that the concentration of DOC in water, sediment conductivity, TOC concentration, and nitrite concentration in the sediment are the main environmental factors affecting the community diversity of M. oxyfera.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Factor analysis - Genes - RNA - Sediments - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Community diversity - Environmental factors - Gradient analysis - M. oxyfera - Spatial and temporal distribution
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710162

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 463>

Accession number:20184806135467
Title:Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis Analyses of High-arsenic Groundwater in the Pearl River Delta
Authors:Zhang, Chang-Yan (1); He, Jiang-Tao (1); Zhang, Xiao-Wen (1); Ni, Ze-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jiang-Tao(jthe@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3631-3639
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To determine the main factors affecting the migration, enrichment, and sources of arsenic in the shallow groundwater of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), clustering analysis was used to partition the study area and then analyze the abnormal distribution of arsenic and groundwater storage environment in each part area based on the data obtained from the investigation of groundwater pollution in the PRD region. The results showed, in the study area, arsenic was mainly represented by As(&#8546;), and its concentration ranged from under the detection limit to 560 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. High-arsenic groundwater was mainly distributed in the plain area covered by Quaternary loose sediment, with the Shunde District in Foshan City having the highest, followed by Zhongshan City and central Guangzhou. The hydrochemical type of groundwater in the study area was mainly HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca type water. The high-arsenic groundwater had the characteristics of high pH value; high concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, Fe, and Mn; and a high permanganate index, in addition to a low concentration of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. Based on scatter plot and factor analysis of various indicators of arsenic in groundwater and the impact of human activities on the groundwater environment of the PRD, it was concluded in this study that under the common influence of natural sedimentary environment and pollution input, a neutral or weak-alkaline-reducing environment, which was conducive to the occurrence of high-arsenic groundwater, was formed in the plain area. The role of microorganisms and the input of organic pollutants in the shallow groundwater led to the reduction and dissolution of arsenic-containing Fe-Mn oxide, resulting in the release of arsenic. The source of arsenic contamination in the groundwater was mainly the industrial pollution in Shunde and other areas in southern Foshan City.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Groundwater pollution
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Analytical geochemistry - Arsenic - Binary alloys - Digital storage - Factor analysis - Gems - Groundwater - Hydrochemistry - Iron alloys  - Iron oxides - Manganese alloys - Organic pollutants - River pollution - Rivers - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Arsenic contamination - Arsenic in groundwater - Genesis analyses - Geochemical characteristic - Groundwater environment - Pearl River delta - Reducing environment - Sedimentary environment
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.2  Groundwater - 453  Water Pollution - 481.2  Geochemistry - 482.2.1  Gems - 543.2  Manganese and Alloys - 545.2  Iron Alloys - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.60e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712159

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 464>

Accession number:20184806135489
Title:Effects of Biochar on Nitrous Oxide Fluxes and the Abundance of Related Functional Genes from Agriculture Soil in the North China Plain
Authors:Liu, Xing-Ren (1); Zhao, Guang-Xin (1, 2); Zhang, Qing-Wen (1); Tian, Xiu-Ping (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) College of Agronomy and Resources Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin; 300384, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Qing-Wen(zhangqingwen@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3816-3825
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore the effect and mechanism of biochar application in reducing nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) content in agricultural soil, from March 27 to June 5 2015, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of biochar application rates (CK, C1: 5%, C2: 10%, C3: 15%, and C4: 30%) (mass fraction) on soil N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes and the functional marker genes ammonia monooxygenase (amoA), nirK, nirS, and nosZ, which are responsible for nitrification and denitrification. The results revealed the following. &#9312;The application of low doses of biochar (5%) promoted N<inf>2</inf>O emission. The application of middle and high doses of biochar reduced N<inf>2</inf>O emission. Furthermore, the application of biochar (15%) was found to be the best practice to reduce N<inf>2</inf>O emission. &#9313; At the beginning of the experiment, biochar had a significant effect on the abundance of soil amoA and denitrification bacteria gene. Furthermore, the abundance of AOA and nirS had a significant positive correlation with the biochar rate, and the abundance of nirK gene and biochar rate were significant. There was a significant negative correlation between AOB and nosZ gene abundance and biochar rate. At the end of the experiment, AOA abundance correlated negatively with biochar rate, while there was a significantly positive relationship between AOB abundance and biochar rate. &#9314; At the beginning of the experiment, the N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes exhibited a significant negative correlation with AOA and nirS gene, indicating that N<inf>2</inf>O production was controlled by the abundance of AOA and nirS gene under high soil moisture content. At the end of the experiment, there was a significant positive correlation between N<inf>2</inf>O flux and nosZ gene, indicating that the production of N<inf>2</inf>O was regulated by the abundance of nosZ gene under low soil water content. The results of this study showed that the application of biochar altered the abundance of amoA and denitrification bacteria genes, and reduced N<inf>2</inf>O emission. These results provide a theoretical basis for a rational application of biochar in farmland.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Genes
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonia - Bacteria - Denitrification - Nitrogen oxides - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Agriculture soils - AmoA - Bio chars - NirK - NirS - Nitrous oxide - NosZ
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711275

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 465>

Accession number:20184806135465
Title:Contamination Levels and Ecological Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) in the Aquatic Environment of Key Areas of Taihu Lake
Authors:Zhu, Bing-Qing (1); Gao, Zhan-Qi (1); Hu, Guan-Jiu (1); Wang, Jun-Fei (1); Yu, Nan-Yang (2); Wei, Si (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Environmental Protection Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing; 210036, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210039, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3614-3621
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To better understand phthalate esters (PAEs) pollution in key areas of Taihu Lake, water and sediment samples were collected for content analysis. The concentrations of &sum;PAEs in water samples from wet, dry, and normal seasons ranged 1.6-11.2 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean: 3.68 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), nd-6.21 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean: 1.3 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), and nd-1.72 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean: 0.48 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), respectively. No differences were found between upstream and downstream samples. DEHP was the predominant component in water samples, whereas DBP exceeded the national surface water environmental quality standards. The total PAE concentration in the sediment ranged between 0.74 and 6.90 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (mean: 2.64 &mu;g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>), with DBP and DEHP the predominant PAEs. The risk quotient (RQ) results showed that DBP and DEHP contributed the most potentially adverse effects to the aquatic environment in the key areas. The contents of PAEs in sediment were all less than the ERLs, thus posing no significant threat to aquatic organisms. The overall level of PAEs in the study area was moderate compared to those in other areas, including rivers, lakes, and estuaries from cities worldwide. Industrial pollution and urban activities are the major sources of PAEs in the aquatic environment of key areas of Taihu Lake.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Aquatic organisms - Esters - Lakes - Risk assessment - River pollution - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Aquatic environments - Contamination levels - Ecological risk assessment - Environmental quality standards - Industrial pollution - Phthalate ester - Pollutant sources - Taihu lakes
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.30e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.60e-06kg/m3 to 1.12e-05kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.68e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.80e-07kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712230

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 466>

Accession number:20184806135470
Title:Bacterial Community Structure Characteristics in the Biliuhe Reservoir and Its Key Driving Factors
Authors:Wang, Huan (1); Zhao, Wen (1); Xie, Zai-Gang (2); Wei, Jie (1); Jiang, Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology of Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian; 116023, China; (2) Management Bureau of Biliuhe Reservoir of Dalian City, Dalian; 116221, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wen(zhaowen_1963@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3660-3669
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to understand the bacterial community structure and its diversity in the Biliuhe Reservoir, the impact of environmental factors must be explored. Using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology, the bacterial community structure and diversity differences in four seasons were analyzed and compared from 2016 to 2017. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the relationship between the environmental factors in water and bacterial diversity. The analysis of bacterial diversity index (Shannon-Wiener index) showed that the bacterial community diversity index reached 6.9 in the whole year, with the following pattern: Winter&lt;summer&lt;spring&lt;autumn. Sequence alignment results show that although the flora status was not clear and rare flora were seen, a total of 44 bacterial phyla, 115 classes, 184 orders, 368 families, and 865 genera were found. The dominant bacteria phyla were: Proteobacteria (34.16%), Cyanobacteria (24.35%), Actinobacteria (13.35%), Bacteroidetes (12.42%). The dominant class of bacteria in the dominant phylum (Proteobacteria) was &beta;-Proteobacteria (18.34%), and the dominant strain was unidentified_Chloroplast (17.73%). The results of RDA showed that different bacterial communities were affected by environmental factors. Total suspended solids (TSS), transparency (SD), pH, active phosphorus (ADP), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrite nitrogen (NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) were the main environmental factors influencing community distribution. The bacterial community during the summer was positively correlated with NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, ADP, TP, and TSS.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Dissolved oxygen - Nitrogen oxides - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water)
Uncontrolled terms:16s rDNA - Bacterial community structure - Diversity difference - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Redundancy analysis (RDA) - Sequence alignments - Total suspended solids
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.24e+01%, Percentage 1.33e+01%, Percentage 1.77e+01%, Percentage 1.83e+01%, Percentage 2.44e+01%, Percentage 3.42e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711022

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 467>

Accession number:20184806135455
Title:Size-resolved Emission Factors of Carbonaceous Particles from Domestic Coal Combustion in China
Authors:Yang, Guo-Wei (1); Kong, Shao-Fei (1, 2); Zheng, Shu-Rui (1); Wu, Jian (1); Zheng, Ming-Ming (1); Zheng, Huang (1); Yan, Qin (3); Liu, Hai-Biao (3); Wang, Wei (3); Wu, Fang-Qi (1); Cheng, Yi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) College of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Kong, Shao-Fei(kongshaofei@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3524-3534
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:China is one of the most important contributors to the global burden of carbonaceous aerosols, of which domestic coal combustion occupies a large fraction. Uncertainty in the emission factors (EFs) directly influences the accuracy of corresponding emission inventories. In the present study, based on domestic burning tests with a dilution sampling system, nine size-segregated particle classes emitted from the burning of three kinds of honeycomb coals (under flaming and smoldering burning conditions) and four kinds of chunk coals, including bituminous and lignite, were collected via a cascade impactor (FA-3). Organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC, respectively) were analyzed using the thermal-optical method. The EFs of particulate matter (PM), OC, and EC for nine size ranges were obtained. For honeycomb coals, the EFs of OC and EC in PM<inf>2.1</inf> were 0.07 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.002 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, under flaming burning conditions and 0.10 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.001 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, under smoldering burning conditions. Carbonaceous particles exhibited higher EFs under flaming burning conditions. For chunk coals, the EFs of OC and EC in PM<inf>2.1</inf> were 1.4 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 0.02 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which are about one magnitude higher than those for honeycomb coal burning. Particulate matter and its associated carbonaceous components preferred to concentrate in fine particles. The EFs of carbonaceous components peaked at the size of &le;0.43 &mu;m and 0.43-0.65 &mu;m for honeycomb coal burning and chunk coal burning, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:59
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Coal - Honeycomb structures - Meteorological instruments - Organic carbon - Particles (particulate matter) - Size distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonaceous aerosol - Carbonaceous components - Carbonaceous particles - Coal-burning - Emission factors - Emission inventories - Organic and elemental carbon - Thermal optical method
Classification code:408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.30e-07m to 6.50e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711081

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 468>

Accession number:20184806135264
Title:Effects of Sediment Burial and Exogenous Cd Input on Biomass Allocation and Antioxidative Enzyme Activities of Suaeda salsa in the Coastal Wetland of the Yellow River Delta
Authors:Song, Hong-Li (1); Wang, Li-Zhi (1); Yu, Wan-Ni (1); Wu, Xi-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi; 276005, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3910-3916
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The Yellow River Delta has been facing the threat of functional degradation during the recent years. The Water-Sediment Regulation Project not only supplements abundant freshwater, but also alters the sediment burial and heavy metal levels, which affects vegetation growth. Thus, we selected the pioneer species Suaeda salsa, to study the effects of different sediment burial depths (0, 3, 6, 12 cm) and exogenous Cd inputs (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) on biomass allocation and activities of antioxidative enzymes in the coastal wetlands of the Yellow River delta. The results showed that a shallow or moderate burial depth had a stimulatory effect on chlorophyll content, while an excessive burial depth inhibited the growth of Suaeda salsa and chlorophyll content. With increasing Cd input, chlorophyll content and dry mass decreased. At a lower Cd input and moderate burial depth, activities of CAT and SOD increased, and at high levels, SOD activities decreased, while activities of CAT at a 12 cm burial depth and 1.0 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, 1.5 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> Cd input were higher than those for the control (62.66% and 58.56%). CAT activities reached high values (15.76 U&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup>) at a high Cd input (1.5 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) and burial depth (12 cm). Analysis of variance showed that Cd input had a significant effect on protein content, and CAT and SOD activities, and sediment burial depth had a significant effect on the protein content and SOD activities. Interaction between Cd input and sediment burial depth had a significant effect on CAT and SOD activities (P&lt;0.05). These results demonstrated that sediment burial depth and Cd input had a great influence on the growth of Suaeda salsa, and to some extent, Suaeda salsa could change its biomass allocation and antioxidative enzyme activities to adapt to severe environments.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Ecology
Controlled terms:Biomass - Chlorophyll - Enzymes - Heavy metals - Rivers - Sediments - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Anti-oxidative enzymes - Biomass allocation - Cd input - Chlorophyll contents - Regulation projects - Sediment burial - Stimulatory effects - Yellow River delta
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.86e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+01%, Size 1.20e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710216

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 469>

Accession number:20184806135478
Title:Behaviors and Mechanisms of CIP and OFL Adsorption by Magnetic Biochar
Authors:Zhao, Hua-Xuan (1); Lang, Yin-Hai (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Lang, Yin-Hai(yhlang@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3729-3735
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A magnetic reed biochar (MBC) was fabricated through chemical coprecipitation first and subsequent pyrolysis of reed stalk powder precipitated with Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> at 873.15 K. The structure and properties of the MBC were characterized using SEM, BET, FTIR, and VSM. Adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption behaviors and mechanisms of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and ofloxacin (OFL) onto the MBC. The MBC possessed roughness and pores within its structure and contained a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. The BET surface area of the MBC was 254.6 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and the total pore volume was 0.257 cm<sup>3</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, thus the MBC exhibited a relatively high porosity. The adsorption process was found to be pH and temperature dependent. The relative contributions of adsorbate species (cations, zwitterions, and anions) to overall adsorption varied for different pH values. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the CIP and OFL adsorption onto MBC was a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-increasing process. Kinetics and isotherm data of CIP and OFL adsorption onto MBC were well depicted by the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model. The equilibrium adsorption capacities of CIP and OFL onto MBC were 27.84 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 22.00 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Pore-filling effects, &pi;-&pi; interaction between electron donors and acceptors, hydrogen bonding formation, hydrophobic interaction, and electrostatic interaction may be important mechanisms for CIP and OFL adsorption onto the MBC.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Coprecipitation - Hydrogen bonds - Hydrophobicity - Magnetism
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Ciprofloxacin - Ofloxacin - Sorption mechanism - Species contribution
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Numerical data indexing:Specific_Surface_Area 2.55e+05m2/kg, Specific_Volume 2.57e-04m3/kg, Temperature 8.73e+02K
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712138

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 470>

Accession number:20184806135453
Title:Characteristics and Source Analysis of Atmospheric Carbonaceous Aerosols in the Cities of Hangzhou and Ningbo
Authors:Xu, Hong-Hui (1); Xu, Jing-Sha (2); He, Jun (2); Pu, Jing-Jiao (1); Qi, Bing (3); Du, Rong-Guang (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hangzhou; 310008, China; (2) Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo; 315100, China; (3) Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou; 310051, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jun(Jun.He@nottingham.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3511-3517
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the seasonal variations and sources of carbonaceous aerosols in the cities of Hangzhou and Ningbo, field PM<inf>2.5</inf> sampling was conducted at four representative sites (two urban, one suburban, and one rural) in this region from December 2014 to November 2015. A thermal/optical carbon analyzer was employed to analyze both organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) contents in PM<inf>2.5</inf> by identifying eight different carbon fractions, including OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4+OPC, EC1-OPC, EC2, and EC3. Based on these fractions, OC and EC were defined as OC1+OC2+OC3+OC4+OPC and EC1+EC2+EC3-OPC, respectively; total carbon (TC) was calculated as the sum of OC and EC; and total carbonaceous aerosols (TCAs) were quantified via the sum of organic aerosols (OAs; converted from OC) and EC. The results showed the following. &#9312;The annual average level of TC in this region was (14.3&plusmn;4.1) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, accounting for (26.2&plusmn;6.5)% of the annual average PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration. The annual average OC and EC concentrations were (11.3&plusmn;3.4) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and (3.0&plusmn;0.9) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The highest TC level was observed in winter among the four seasons. &#9313;The annual average TCA concentration in this region was (25.6&plusmn;7.5) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, contributing (42.2&plusmn;10.0)% of PM<inf>2.5</inf>. In addition, secondary organic carbon (SOC) was also estimated by the commonly applied EC method. It was found that SOC contributed (41.1&plusmn;5.5)% to OC on an annual average basis. &#9314;The sources of carbonaceous aerosols were determined using the correlation between OC and EC, OC/EC mass ratio, and different carbon fraction characteristics. The annual average OC/EC ratio in this region was 4.7&plusmn;1.7, which falls in the diagnostic ratio range for vehicular emissions, coal combustion, and biomass burning, indicating these sources are probably the major contributors of the regional carbonaceous aerosols. Moreover, a higher char-EC/soot-EC ratio was observed during winter and autumn at all sites, possibly implying the enhanced biomass burning activities during these two seasons.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Coal combustion - Elementary particle sources - Thermal conductivity - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonaceous aerosol - Elemental carbon - Hangzhou - PM2.5 - PM2.5 concentration - Seasonal variation - Secondary organic carbons (SOC) - Vehicular emission
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712245

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 471>

Accession number:20184806135492
Title:Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil and Its Bioaccumulation by Dominant Plants in a Lead-Zinc Mining Area, Nanjing
Authors:Li, Jun-Kai (1, 2); Zhang, Dan (1, 2); Zhou, Pei (1, 2); Liu, Qun-Lu (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai; 200240, China; (3) Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai; 200240, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Qun-Lu(liuql@sjtu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3845-3853
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To identify plants with potential application in phytoremediation, the concentration of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in soil and 14 dominant plants sampled from a lead-zinc mining area in Nanjing City was measured. Furthermore, the heavy metal contamination of soil, and bioaccumulation and translocation of the 6 heavy metals by the 14 plants were evaluated. The results showed that the principal contaminants were Cd, Mn, Zn, and Pb, and their single factor pollution index was 45.71, 11.68, 10.40, and 4.46, respectively. Furthermore, the Nemerow index of this area was 33.45, which indicated that the mining area was severely polluted. All the 14 dominant plant species were metal-tolerant, although the concentration of metal varied between different spices. Among them, Pteris multifida and Trachelospermum jasminoides significantly accumulated the heavy metals. The concentration of Zn in all the dominant plants was beyond the normal range; however, the bio-concentration factor (BCF) of only Digitaria sanguinalis for Zn was&gt;1, while the BCF of the remaining species for the 6 heavy metals was&lt;1. Furthermore, the heavy metal bio-transfer factor (BTF) of the 14 species was generally high. The BTF of Helianthus tuberosus and Dendranthema indicum for the 6 heavy metals was&gt;1. According to the mechanism of heavy metal accumulation, the 14 plant species were classified into 3 types: accumulators (H. tuberosus, D. indicum, Phytolacca americana, Justicia procumbens, D. sanguinalis, Sonchus brachyotus, Solanum nigrum, and Setaria viridis), root compartment (P. multifida and T. jasminoides), and excluders (Solidago decurrens, Duchesnea indica, Carex breviculmis, and Cyrtomium fortunei).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Bioaccumulation - Biochemistry - Bioremediation - Heavy metals - Plants (botany) - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation ability - Bio-concentration factors - Dominant plant species - Dominant plants - Heavy metal accumulation - Heavy metal contamination - Lead-zinc mining - Pollution assessment
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801.2  Biochemistry
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712086

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 472>

Accession number:20184806135473
Title:Impact of Exogenous Nitrogen Import on Sediment Denitrification and N<inf>2</inf>O Emissions in Ditches Under Different Land Uses
Authors:She, Dong-Li (1, 2); Chen, Xin-Yi (1); Gao, Xue-Mei (1); Zhang, Wen-Juan (1); Xia, Yong-Qiu (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Xia, Yong-Qiu(yqxia@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3689-3695
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Farmland drainage ditch soil can consume part of the agricultural non-point nitrogen through nitrification-denitrification processes. Paddy fields, vegetable land, and orchards are the main types of land uses in the Taihu Lake region, and many drainage ditches are distributed across these lands. The way exogenous nitrogen is imported to drain ditches under different land uses differs significantly, which can directly affect the nitrogen consumption ability of the channels. A soil incubation experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to study the denitrification loss and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions of drainage ditch soil under different land uses. In this study, drainage ditch sediment was collected from orchards, paddy fields, and vegetable land in the Taihu Lake region. Five different NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N content import levels were set: 0, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, and 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which were denoted as N<inf>0</inf>, N<inf>1</inf>, N<inf>2</inf>, N<inf>3</inf>, and N<inf>4</inf>, respectively. The results showed that exogenous nitrogen input stimulated sediment denitrification in the drainage ditches. The sediment denitrification rates of the three types of channels increased significantly with the increase of input NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration (P&lt;0.05). There was a significant linear positive correlation between the cumulative denitrification loss and input NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration (R<sup>2</sup>&gt;0.75). Excluding for the vegetable land sediment, the N<inf>2</inf>O emission rate and cumulative emissions did not increase significantly with the increase of input NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration (P&gt;0.05). There was no significant difference in the denitrification and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions among the three kinds of channel sediment, with no or low exogenous nitrogen input (N<inf>0</inf>and N<inf>1</inf>) (P&gt;0.05). As the input NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration increased, especially under the condition of high exogenous nitrogen input (N<inf>3</inf>and N<inf>4</inf>), the nitrogen consumed via denitrification in orchard and paddy field sediment was significantly higher than that in vegetable land sediment (P&lt;0.05), whereas the N<inf>2</inf>O emissions of drainage ditch sediment from the vegetable land was significantly higher than that of the other two channel sediments (P&lt;0.05). The mineralization rate of ditch soil organic carbon had a positive correlation with denitrification rate (n=15), and microbial mineralization (CO<inf>2</inf>-C) promoted the nitrification and denitrification of the drainage ditch soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Lakes - Land use - Mineralogy - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Orchards - Organic carbon - Sediments - Soils - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Denitrification rate - Drainage ditches - Laboratory conditions - Microbial mineralization - Nitrification and denitrification - Nitrification-denitrification - Non-point source pollution - Positive correlations
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 482  Mineralogy - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709100

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 473>

Accession number:20184806135454
Title:Emission Characteristics and Chemical Components of PM<inf>2.5</inf> from Open Burning of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors:Wang, Yan (1, 2); Hao, Wei-Wei (1); Cheng, Ke (1); Zhi, Guo-Rui (3); Yi, Peng (3); Fan, Jing (1); Zhang, Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang; 453007, China; (2) School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang; 453003, China; (3) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Ke(18858154190@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3518-3523
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Source emission measurements were employed to investigate open burning of municipal solid waste (MSW). Both barrel and natural pile-up burning of MSW were investigated using a self-designed dilution sampling system. PM<inf>2.5</inf> was collected for three types of waste, including rubber and plastic, paper, and wood and bamboo. Then, components in the samples were analyzed and emission factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble ions and inorganic elements were calculated. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission factor was highest for wood and bamboo, and lowest for paper, and was calculated to be (7.44&plusmn;0.76) g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and (2.72&plusmn;0.52) g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Barrel burning resulted in much higher pollutant emissions. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> emission factor for barrel burning was 2.5-3.5 times that of natural pile-up burning. OC and EC were the main components of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, with a proportion of 46.6%-67.2%. MSW composition had a greater effect on the OC/EC ratios than burning mode. The ratios could be helpful in the analysis of the emission contributions of different MSW components. The proportions of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> were the highest in water-soluble ions, accounting for 2.28%-6.35% and 1.04%-14.31%, respectively. Among inorganic elements, Ca, K, Fe, and Ba showed high emission factors. The emission factor of Zn was the highest among heavy metals, and other elements such as Cu, Cr, Sb, and Pb were also enriched. Zn emission was mainly determined by the burning mode; emissions from barrel combustion were approximately 20 times more than that of natural pile-up burning.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Municipal solid waste
Controlled terms:Bamboo - Heavy metals - Organic carbon - Piles - Waste incineration - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical component - Emission characteristics - Emission factors - Emission measurement - Inorganic elements - Municipal solid waste (MSW) - Open burning - PM2.5
Classification code:408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 811.1  Pulp and Paper
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.04e+00% to 1.43e+01%, Percentage 2.28e+00% to 6.35e+00%, Percentage 4.66e+01% to 6.72e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801080

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 474>

Accession number:20184806135476
Title:Enhancement of Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A with Peroxymonosulfate Activated by a Co<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/BiVO<inf>4</inf> Composite Photoanode
Authors:Li, Jiang (1, 2); Wang, Yan (2); Zhang, Xiu-Fang (1); Zhao, Xu (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian; 116034, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Xu(zhaoxu@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3713-3718
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A nanostructured Co<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/BiVO<inf>4</inf> composite photoanode was synthesized using a facile electrospinning method and applied to photoelectrochemical (PEC) degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) with the assistance of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Results show that PMS obviously enhanced the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of BPA by the Co<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/BiVO<inf>4</inf> composite photoanode. When at 0.25 V bias potential and visible light irradiation, with 2 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> PMS addition, 96% of BPA was removed within 2 h, and the corresponding kinetic constant was 0.471 4 min<sup>-1</sup>. The effects of initial PMS concentration and bias potential on the BPA degradation were studied. Results show that BPA could be efficiently degraded at lower PMS concentrations and lower bias potentials. SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup> and &bull;OH were identified as the primary free radicals using an electron spin resonance spectrometer. Free radical quenching experiments were carried out, and the photogenerated hole, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup>, and &bull;OH proved to be responsible for the BPA oxidation. There was no metal ion leaching detected in the solution after the reactions, which means the secondary pollution could be avoided.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Phenols
Controlled terms:Free radicals - Magnetic moments - Metal ions - Metals - Photoelectrochemical cells - Rate constants
Uncontrolled terms:Bis-phenol a - BiVO4 - Peroxymonosulfate - Photo-anodes - Photoelectrocatalytic
Classification code:531.1  Metallurgy - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 702.1  Electric Batteries - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 2.00e+00mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Time 7.20e+03s, Voltage 2.50e-01V
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711036

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 475>

Accession number:20184806135462
Title:Air Pollution Characteristics and Jogger Inhalation Exposure in Typical Running Area of Beijing
Authors:Tao, Shuang-Cheng (1); Gao, Shuo-Han (1); Xiong, Xin-Zhu (1); Yao, Jia-Lin (1); Deng, Shun-Xi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) China Academy of Transportation Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China; (2) School of Environment Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an; 710064, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3580-3590
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the exposure to major air pollutants of runners while running in Beijing, the concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, CO, O<inf>3</inf>, and NO<inf>2</inf> were constantly monitored at typical park running areas (Tiantan Park and Olympic Sports Center), roadside running areas (Qianmen East Street and Yongding Inner Street), and a background area (Dinglin) during April, June, and October of 2016 and in January 2017. The concentration variation characteristics for the pollutants in different areas and at different times were analyzed. Using a numerical model of human respiratory exposure, 102 joggers were studied, as was the temporal-spatial variation of inhalation dose of pollutants. At typical running areas, the concentrations of CO, NO<inf>2</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were relatively higher in winter, whereas the concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> were higher in spring and summer. The concentrations of CO, NO<inf>2</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were lower in the afternoon (16:00-18:00), whereas the concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> were lower in the morning (06:00-08:00) and evening (18:00-20:00). There was a linear correlation between concentrations roadside to those in nearby parks, as the concentrations of CO roadside were generally consistent with those in parks (c<inf>road</inf>/c<inf>park</inf>=1.01, R<sup>2</sup>=0.93), the concentrations of NO<inf>2</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> roadside were higher than those in parks (c<inf>road</inf>/c<inf>park</inf> were 0.56 and 1.19, respectively), and the concentrations of O<inf>3</inf> roadside were lower than those in parks (c<inf>road</inf>/c<inf>park</inf>=0.74, R<sup>2</sup>=0.97). During moderate or higher pollution conditions, 92% of joggers halted outdoor activities, 62.7% chose to jog in parks, 66.7% chose to jog at night, and 64.7% of joggers had single run mileages of 10-20 km. When people chose to jog in the afternoon and evening, the inhalation of CO, NO<inf>2</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were relatively lower, whereas the inhalation of O<inf>3</inf> was higher. During spring and summer, night running after 20:00 reduced the O<inf>3</inf> inhalation dose. Running roadside led to higher inhalation of CO, NO<inf>2</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> than that in parks; however, O<inf>3</inf> inhalation was lower.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Carbon monoxide - Nitrogen oxides - Ozone - Roadsides
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing - Concentration variation - Inhalation dose - Inhalation exposure - Linear correlation - Outdoor activities - Running - Spatial variations
Classification code:406  Highway Engineering - 451  Air Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.27e+01%, Percentage 6.47e+01%, Percentage 6.67e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Size 1.00e+04m to 2.00e+04m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711178

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 476>

Accession number:20184806135494
Title:Transfer of Soil Organic Carbon to Inorganic Carbon in Arid Oasis Based on Stable Carbon Isotope Technique
Authors:Li, Yang-Mei (1, 2); Gong, Lu (1, 2); An, Shen-Qun (1, 2); Sun, Li (1, 2); Chen, Xin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China 
Corresponding author:Gong, Lu(gonglu721@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3867-3875
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The northern margin oasis of the Tarim Basin in the central arid region of Asia was selected as the study area. The study analyzed the &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values of the SIC(soil inorganic carbon) and distinguished the pedogenic carbonate in soil from the total SIC using the stable carbon isotope techniques and models. Based on the relationship between soil organic carbon and inorganic carbon contents in soil, the transfer of SOC to SIC was discussed. The results showed that the &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values of the SIC of 4 types of arid oasis soil were significantly different (P&lt;0.01), the &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values of the SIC of aeolian sandy soil was (0.32&plusmn;0.04)&permil;, which increased with increase in depth. This indicates that the lithogenic carbonates of the sandy soil are advantageous. The &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values of the SIC of irrigated desert soil, brown desert soil, and saline soil were (-0.30&plusmn;0.24)&permil;, (-1.96&plusmn;0.66)&permil; and (-1.24&plusmn;0.49)&permil;, respectively, and decreased with increase in depth. This indicates that the lithogenic carbonates dominated the irrigated desert soil, and the pedogenic carbonates dominated brown desert and saline soils. In the aeolian sandy, irrigated desert, brown desert, and saline soils, pedogenic carbonate accounted for 1.33%, 4.72%, 15.01%, and 35.71% of SIC, respectively, which were less than 50%. This shows that the level of soil pedogenic carbonates was low in arid oasis. During pedogenic carbonate formation or recrystallization, the aeolian sandy, irrigated desert, brown desert, and saline soils fixed 0.30, 2.44, 4.96, and 12.40 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> of soil CO<inf>2</inf>, respectively, the average amount of CO<inf>2</inf> fixed from the atmosphere was 0.18, 0.79, 1.45, and 8.67 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Furthermore, the transfer of SOC to SIC was 0.06, 0.83, 1.62, and 1.86 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The total transfer of SOC to SIC was between 0.03 and 2.38 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 1.09 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> of CO<inf>2</inf>. This shows that the proportion of soil pedogenic carbonates and the contribution of SOC were not high in the arid oasis area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Carbonates - Carbonation - Isotopes - Landforms - Organic carbon - Sand
Uncontrolled terms:Arid oasis - Pedogenic carbonates - Soil inorganic carbons - Soil organic carbon - Stable carbon isotopes
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.33e+00%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 3.57e+01%, Percentage 4.72e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711211

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 477>

Accession number:20184806135483
Title:Nitrogen Removal of Double-bacteria-layer System via PN/A Process
Authors:Xu, Jing-Yi (1); Du, Jun (1); Yang, Yi-Feng (1); L&uuml;, Feng (1); Xia, Si-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:Xia, Si-Qing(siqingxia@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3767-3774
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) sludge was acclimated via SBR and MBR reactors respectively, both of which were embedded with microbial immobilization technology and spliced together to construct a PN/A double-bacteria-layer system. A short-term experiment proved that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ANAMMOX bacteria in the system played dominant roles separately in different stages, which maintained the acid-base balance and achieved efficient removal of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N (98.8%). A long-term experiment showed that the PN/A double-bacteria-layer system improved the utilization of dissolved oxygen (DO) and enhanced the stability and nitrogen removal efficiency, with limited dissolved oxygen. The nitrogen removal efficiency of the PN/A double-bacteria-layer system remained stable at~80% when the influent NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> or 400 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in the presence of 1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> DO, whereas those of the control group were only 58.1% and 61.4%, respectively. When influent NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and DO were 400 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 3.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the PN/A double-bacteria-layer system achieved a nitrogen removal efficiency, nitrogen loading rate (NLR), and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 87.9%, 0.4 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, and 12.8 mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Dissolution - Dissolved oxygen - Efficiency - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - ANAMMOX - Long-term experiments - Microbial immobilization - Microorganism immobilizations - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Nitrogen removal rates - Partial nitrification
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 5.81e+01%, Percentage 6.14e+01%, Percentage 8.79e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801029

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 478>

Accession number:20184806135481
Title:Bioregeneration of Anion Exchange Resin Used in Nitrate Removal
Authors:Ye, Ting (1); Zhang, Guang (1); Wang, Ke (1); Shuang, Chen-Dong (1, 2); Li, Ai-Min (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Nanjing University &amp; Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng; 210009, China 
Corresponding author:Shuang, Chen-Dong(shuangchendong@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3753-3758
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Anion exchange resin is a feasible adsorbent for nitrate removal because of its high efficiency and cost-effectiveness, but brine regeneration complicates subsequent wastewater procedures. Bioregeneration degrades the nitrate from the nitrate-laden resin, which can decrease brine solution usage and waste discharge. In this study, based on investigation of the effect of carbon source, for example, glucose, sodium acetate, sodium lactate, and methanol, on bioregeneration, nitrate-laden resin was employed to investigate the effects of inoculum amount and salt concentration on bioregeneration with sodium acetate as the carbon source. The results showed that the bioregeneration process comprised chemical desorption and biological denitrification and was limited by the biological process. With increasing inoculum amount, the bioregeneration time was remarkably reduced. Nitrate on the resin could be completely biodegraded within 10 h when the inoculum amount (measured as VSS) was higher than 0.6 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, higher NaCl concentrations improved the chemical desorption of nitrate, resulting in a sharp increase in soluble nitrate. However, the denitrification process of bioregeneration was also eventually limited by the biological process. When the concentration of NaCl was higher than 20 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, bioactivity of the denitrifying bacteria was limited and the bioregeneration time increased to more than 10 h. The result of multi-cycle adsorption-bioregeneration experiment showed that the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N adsorption capacity of bioregenerated resin was stable at 30-35 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biodegradable polymers - Carbon - Cost effectiveness - Denitrification - Desorption - Ion exchange - Ion exchange resins - Ions - Nitrates  - Sodium chloride
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Anion exchange resins - Biological denitrification - Bioregeneration - Chemical desorption - Denitrification process - Denitrifying bacteria - NaCl concentration
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 911.2  Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Time 3.60e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712037

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 479>

Accession number:20184806135450
Title:Capacity Simulation Method Based on Regional Transfer Matrix and PM<inf>2.5</inf> Concentration Target Constraint
Authors:Li, Min-Hui (1, 2, 3); Liao, Cheng-Hao (1, 2, 3); Yang, Liu-Lin (1, 2, 3); Zeng, Wu-Tao (1, 2, 3); Tang, Xi-Bin (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Regional Atmospheric Environmental Quality Research Center, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Management and Policy Simulation, Guangzhou; 510045, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3485-3491
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric environmental capacity is an important reference in environmental planning. To meet the PM<inf>2.5</inf> standard, a new method is proposed to balance the capacity among cities of Guangdong, with screening of the most unfavorable meteorological year and combining it with the regional transportation calculated by the CAMx-PSAT module. Pollutant overloading and capacity scenarios were also calculated. The results showed that, under the constraints of the cities' annual PM<inf>2.5</inf>&le;35 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, the capacities of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, NH<inf>3</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Guangdong were about 6.8&times;10<sup>5</sup> tons, 1.35&times;10<sup>6</sup> tons, 4.6&times;10<sup>5</sup> tons, and 5.1&times;10<sup>5</sup> tons, respectively. Based on the benchmark scenario, SO<inf>2</inf> emissions in Guangdong were overloaded by 10%, and the emissions of NO<inf>x</inf>, NH<inf>3</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> exceeded by 12%, 9%, and 20%, respectively, compared to those of the capacity scenario. Ranked by the number of overloaded species in Guangdong, the cities of Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhongshan, and Qingyuan were on top. When achieving the capacity scenario, the annual PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration in Guangdong was about 30 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, which meets the national secondary ambient air quality standard.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Transfer matrix method
Controlled terms:Air quality - Ammonia - Nitrogen oxides
Uncontrolled terms:Air quality simulation - Ambient air quality standards - Atmospheric environmental capacities - Capacity simulation - Environmental planning - Guangdong - PM2.5 concentration - Regional transportation
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709253

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 480>

Accession number:20184806135265
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Wheat Grains Cultivated in Kaifeng Irrigation Area of the Yellow River
Authors:Kang, Guo-Hua (1); Zhang, Peng-Yan (1); Li, Yan-Yan (1); Yang, Dan (1); Pang, Bo (1); He, Jian-Jian (1); Yan, Yu-Hang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475004, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Peng-Yan(pengyanzh@henu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3917-3926
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to monitor heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils and assess the corresponding health risk in the Yellow River irrigation area, this study applied the Nemero index and the health risk index to evaluate heavy metal pollution in wheat grains and the health risks for residents in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Four towns in Kaifeng, which are within the lower reaches of the Yellow River, were selected as the study area. The examination of wheat samples revealed that the average contents of Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Hg in the wheat grains were 0.034, 0.428, 0.279, 5.363, 29.605, 0.305, and 0.003 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Among the heavy metals, Pb and Zn exceeded the national food hygiene standards. The pollution indices of Pb and Zn in the wheat grains contributed significantly to the comprehensive pollution index, as each was greater than 1 (1.985), although the pollution indices of the other heavy metals were less than 1. The comprehensive pollution index of wheat in each town ranged from 1.116 to 1.847. The health risk indices of non-carcinogenic heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, and Hg) for adults and children were 1.055 8 and 0.545 0, respectively. The health risk indices of carcinogenic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, and Ni) for adults and children were higher than the maximum acceptable risk level (1&times;10<sup>-4</sup>) recommended by the USEPA, which suggests that residents of the study area have a high risk of developing various forms of cancer.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Chemical contamination - Food safety - Grain (agricultural product) - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Irrigation - Risk assessment - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural soils - Heavy metal pollution - Irrigation area - Lower reaches of the yellow rivers - Maximum acceptable risk - National Foods - Pollution index - Wheat
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 822.3  Food Products - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709198

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 481>

Accession number:20184806135456
Title:Characteristics and Source Analysis of Non-methane Hydrocarbons(NMHC)in Dalian
Authors:Ji, De-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Dalian Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian; 116023, China 
Corresponding author:Ji, De-Yu(jideyuyu@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3535-3543
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) play a very important role in the formation of ozone. The concentrations, compositions, and diurnal variation of NMHC were measured in July and August of 2014 in Dalian City. Continuous samples were collected in Dalian and were analyzed via gas chromatography. The results show that the annual mean concentration of total NMHC (TNMHC) concentrations was 80.7&times;10<sup>-9</sup>&plusmn;62&times;10<sup>-9</sup>. Alkanes were the most abundant components, accounting for 64% of the TNMHC, followed by alkenes, aromatics, and acetylene, which accounted for 19%, 16%, and 1%, respectively. n-Decane, ethene, and octane were the top three species in Dalian City, and the diurnal variation of NMHC in this area was obvious. The ozone formation potential (OFP) results show that the contribution of aromatics to the OFP in Dalian was the largest, and ethylene, m-ethyltoluene, and p-ethyltoluene were the most important contributors to the OFP in this area. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the sources of the VOCs. Six sources were resolved by the PCA: solvent usage, LPG, traffic sources, biogenic sources, petrochemical refining, and aged air transportation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Air transportation - Ethylene - Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbon refining - Liquefied petroleum gas - Methane - Ozone - Paraffins - Superconducting tapes
Uncontrolled terms:Dalian - Dalian cities - Diurnal variation - Non-methane hydrocarbons - Ozone formation potentials - Petrochemical refining - Source analysis - Traffic sources
Classification code:431.1  Air Transportation, General - 523  Liquid Fuels - 708.3  Superconducting Materials - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 6.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707060

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 482>

Accession number:20184806135493
Title:Preparation of Iron-Aluminum Modified Diatomite and Its Immobilization in Cadmium-Polluted Soil
Authors:Yang, Yu-Zhong (1); Zhu, Jian (1, 2); Xiao, Yuan-Yuan (1); Tan, Rong (1); Wang, Ping (1, 2); Chen, Run-Hua (1); Xu, Hai-Yin (1); Yang, Xiong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha; 410004, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Jian(zhujian198312@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3854-3866
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To improve the in-situ immobilization effect of diatomite on cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, diatomite was modified by hydroxyl iron-aluminum (Fe-Al). The soil incubation experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of Fe/Al molar ratio, OH/cation of molar ratio, pillaring agent aging time, (Fe+Al)/diatomite ratio, pillaring temperature, and pillaring product aging time on the immobilization of Cd in soils. The changes in properties of diatomite before and after modification were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that: the optimal preparation conditions for modification were: Fe/Al molar ratio=1: 8, OH/cation molar ratio 2.0-2.2, pillaring agent aging time=2 d, (Fe+Al)/diatomite ratio=10 mmol&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, pillaring temperature=60&#8451;, pillaring product aging time=2 d. The hydroxyl-Fe-Al-modified diatomite significantly reduced the content of exchangeable Cd in soil, and the modification reduced soil exchangeable Cd from 11.83% to 39.52%. The SEM and FTIR analyses of hydroxyl-Fe-Al-modified diatomite revealed increase in the specific surface area of diatomite and the amount of the Si-O-H groups. After modification, the hydroxyl-Fe-Al successfully exchanged into the diatom shell forming available pillars, thus increasing channel spacing and enhancing the microporous surface activity. The modification with hydroxyl-Fe-Al increased the immobilization effect of diatomite on Cd in soil. The modification methods and data from this study will help increase the application of diatomite materials for the immobilization of soil containing heavy metals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Aluminum - Aluminum alloys - Binary alloys - Cadmium - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Iron - Iron alloys - Radioactive waste vitrification - Scanning electron microscopy - Silicon compounds  - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Contaminated soils - Diatomite - Immobilization effects - Micro-porous surfaces - Modification methods - Pillaring agents - Preparation conditions - Situ immobilization
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 541.1  Aluminum - 541.2  Aluminum Alloys - 545.1  Iron - 545.2  Iron Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801  Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.18e+01% to 3.95e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712031

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 483>

Accession number:20184806135449
Title:Impact of the Electric Power Industry on Air Quality in Winter of Urban Agglomerations Along the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors:Sun, Xiao-Wei (1); Guo, Xiu-Rui (1); Cheng, Shui-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Shui-Yuan(chengsy@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3476-3484
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A WRF-CAMx-PSAT model was applied to analyze the impact of the electric power industry on urban agglomerations along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. A high-resolution emission inventory based on a bottom-up approach was developed for air quality simulation. A typical month with heavy air pollution in this region (i.e., January) was chosen for simulation, and two mitigation scenarios were set for assessing lower capacity power units' impact on regional air quality. One scenario was for shutting down the lower capacity power units, and the other was for replacing lower capacity power units with higher capacity power units. Results showed that lower capacity power units contributed bigger pollutant concentrations to the regional contribution of the electric power industry. The concentration contributions of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the two mitigation scenarios were reduced by 36.2%-39.8%, 30.5%-33.5%, and 25.9%-30.7%, respectively, than those under the current situation. Meanwhile, the decreases in pollutant concentration contribution for different regions were very similar for the two mitigation scenarios. In addition, lower capacity power units in four regions (i.e., northwest of Hubei province, west of Hunan province, Xiang-Jing-Yi economic belt region, and Hefei-centered urban agglomerations) contributed obviously to the regional pollutant concentration contributions of the electric power industry. Regional pollutant concentration contributions in the two mitigation scenarios were reduced by 40%-70%. Therefore, lower capacity power units make a bigger impact on the air quality of urban agglomerations along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and should be paid special attention to achieve better regional air quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Electric power system interconnection
Controlled terms:Agglomeration - Air quality - Computer simulation - Electric industry - Power quality - River pollution - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Air quality simulation - Electric power industries - Emission inventories - High-resolution emission - Pollutant concentration - Regional air quality - Urban agglomerations - Yangtze River
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution - 706.1  Electric Power Systems - 706.1.2  Electric Power Distribution - 723.5  Computer Applications - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.59e+01% to 3.07e+01%, Percentage 3.62e+01% to 3.98e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 484>

Accession number:20184806135490
Title:Nitrous Oxide Production in Response to Oxygen in a Solar Greenhouse Vegetable Soil
Authors:Chen, Ji-Ji (1); Song, He (2); Cao, Wen-Chao (1); Wang, Yi-Ran (1); Wang, Jing-Guo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, China Agriculture University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Jing-Guo(wangjg@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3826-3834
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore the sources of peak nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) flushes in solar greenhouse vegetable field, an experiment was conducted with two conventional vegetable soils under different initial volume fractions of oxygen (O<inf>2</inf>) (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%). A robotized incubation system was employed to analyze the gas kinetics [O<inf>2</inf>, N<inf>2</inf>O, nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen (N<inf>2</inf>), and carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>)] every 6 or 8 h and calculate the N<inf>2</inf>O/(NO+N<inf>2</inf>O+N<inf>2</inf>) index. Sodium chlorate (NaClO<inf>3</inf>) was used to inhibit the oxidation of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> to further explore the relationship between N<inf>2</inf>O and nitrite (NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>). A parallel off-line incubation in triplicates was conducted under similar conditions to measure the dynamic changes in inorganic nitrogen content [ammonia (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>), nitrate (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>), and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>]. The results showed that N<inf>2</inf>O production under anaerobic condition was significantly higher than that under aerobic condition. The peak value of N<inf>2</inf>O in the soil collected from a straw-added plot (DIS) was significantly higher than that in the soil from non-straw added plot (DI) (P&lt;0.01) when the volume fraction of oxygen was &le;1%. Oxygen can directly affect N<inf>2</inf>O production by delaying or inhibiting N<inf>2</inf>O reduction, with significant increase in N<inf>2</inf>O production rate under oxygen-depleted condition. However, the N<inf>2</inf>production rate decreased significantly with increase in initial oxygen volume fraction (P&lt;0.01). When the initial volume fraction of oxygen was between 1% and 5%, a continuous accumulation of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> was observed during the incubation period, resulting in the significantly higher N<inf>2</inf>O/(NO+N<inf>2</inf>O+N<inf>2</inf>) index than that in either anaerobic or 10% of oxygen treatments. Furthermore, a linear correlation was observed between NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> and N<inf>2</inf>O at 5% and 10% of oxygen with the addition of NaClO<inf>3</inf> (R<sup>2</sup>&ge;0.85). Incomplete denitrification and nitrifier denitrification from NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> induction co-occurred in the range of 1% and 5% volume fractions of oxygen, significantly increasing the soil N<inf>2</inf>O production and N<inf>2</inf>O/(NO+N<inf>2</inf>O+N<inf>2</inf>) index. In addition, N<inf>2</inf>O production under anaerobic condition was significantly higher than that under aerobic condition (P&lt;0.01).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Sodium compounds
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Carbon dioxide - Chlorine compounds - Denitrification - Greenhouses - Nitric oxide - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Nitrogen oxides - Oxygen  - Soils - Solar heating - Vegetables - Volume fraction
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic conditions - Incubation periods - Inorganic nitrogen - Linear correlation - N2O/(N2O+NO+N2) index - Nitrite - Nitrous oxide production - Volume fractions of oxygens
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 657.1  Solar Energy and Phenomena - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.6  Farm Buildings and Other Structures
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 0.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+00% to 5.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Time 2.88e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801017

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 485>

Accession number:20184806135497
Title:Effects of Gypsum on CH<inf>4</inf> Emission and Functional Microbial Communities in Paddy Soil
Authors:Hu, Xiang-Yu (1, 2); Xiang, Qiu-Jie (1, 2); Mu, Zhi-Jian (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource &amp; Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China; (2) Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Mu, Zhi-Jian(muzj@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3894-3900
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the effects of gypsum (FGD) on CH<inf>4</inf> emission and functional microbial community in paddy soil were identified under five treatments, including FGDG<inf>0</inf>(0 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), FGDG<inf>1</inf>(2 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), FGDG<inf>2</inf>(4 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), FGDG<inf>3</inf>(8 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>), and FGDG<inf>4</inf>(16 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>). The methane flux was determined using static chamber and chromatography. Bacterial community structure and its effect on soil bacterial community structure, and the abundance of methanogenic and methanotrophs were measured via high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR. The results showed that after treatment with desulfurated gypsum, pH of the soil increased significantly (P&lt;0.05). Redox potential, organic carbon, and available potassium content increased, with no significant difference (P&gt;0.05). The average emission flux of CH<inf>4</inf> reduced with the increase of desulfurated gypsum content, following the following trend: FGDG<inf>1</inf>&gt;FGDG<inf>2</inf>&gt;FGDG<inf>3</inf>&gt;FGDG<inf>4</inf>. They decreased by 31.56%, 57.30%, 83.60%, and 90.66%, respectively, compared with the control. Compared with the control, FGDG<inf>1</inf> and FGDG<inf>2</inf> increased the richness and variety of soil bacteria. However, when the application amount exceeds 4 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, the richness and variety of soil bacteria decrease. Compared with the control, the relative abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria in paddy soil increased significantly by 6.98%-13.56%. The abundance of the methane-oxidizing bacteria pmoA gene increased by 0.3%-6.2%. The abundance of the methanogen gene, mrcA decreased significantly by 2.4%-15.8%, while the abundance ratio (pmoA/mcrA)increased with the increase of the amount of desulfurated gypsum. Correlation analysis showed that the average emission of CH<inf>4</inf> was markedly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of the sulfate-reducing bacteria and pmoA/mcrA percentage in soil, and significantly positively correlated with methanogenic gene, mcrA. In summary, desulfurated gypsum can improve the diversity of bacterial communities and reduce the emission of CH<inf>4</inf> in the paddy soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Genes - Gypsum - Methane - Organic carbon - Polymerase chain reaction - Redox reactions - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial community - Bacterial community structure - Desulfuration - High-throughput sequencing - Methane oxidizing bacterium - Microbial communities - Paddy soils - Sulfate reducing bacteria
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 482.2  Minerals - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.40e+00% to 1.58e+01%, Percentage 3.00e-01% to 6.20e+00%, Percentage 3.16e+01%, Percentage 5.73e+01%, Percentage 6.98e+00% to 1.36e+01%, Percentage 8.36e+01%, Percentage 9.07e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712128

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 486>

Accession number:20184806135466
Title:Nitrogen and Phosphorous Adsorption Characteristics of Suspended Solids Input into a Drinking Water Reservoir via Typhoon Heavy Rainfall
Authors:Yao, Ling-Ai (1, 2); Zhao, Xue-Min (1); Ma, Qian-Li (1); Liang, Rong-Chang (1); Xia, Bei-Cheng (2); Zhuo, Qiong-Fang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China; (2) School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen Unversity, Guangzhou; 510275, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Xue-Min(zhaoxuemin@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3622-3630
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:During typhoon "Mujigae" in October 2015, water samples and surface sediments were collected from Gaozhou Reservoir, a drinking water reservoir, for simulation and analysis of the kinetics of suspended solids adsorption to nitrogen and phosphorus and the adsorption isotherms of suspended solids with different particle sizes and different concentrations. The results showed no obvious nitrogen adsorption of suspended solids of Gaozhou Reservoir. However, the adsorption effect to phosphorus by suspended solids was significant and the equilibrium time of phosphorus adsorption was 10 hours. The adsorption capacity of phosphorus increased with the decrease of sediment particle size when particle sizes were less than 0.25 mm, whereas it increased with the increase of suspended solids concentration when the concentration was in the range of 0.2-2.0 kg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The adsorption isotherm of suspended solids to phosphorus conformed to the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the maximum adsorption capacity increased with the decrease of suspended solids particle sizes, which increased with the increase of suspended solids concentrations. The maximum adsorption capacity of suspended solids to phosphorus was 0.073-1.776 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. These results indicated that the increase of suspended solids concentration due to the heavy rainfall of the typhoon promoted the adsorption of suspended solids to phosphorus, which reduced eutrophication in Gaozhou Reservoir.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Gas adsorption
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Adsorption isotherms - Eutrophication - Hurricanes - Nitrogen - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Phosphorus - Potable water - Rain  - Reservoirs (water) - Storms - Suspended sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Adsorption characteristic - Different particle sizes - Heavy rainfall - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Sediment particle size - Simulation and analysis - Suspended solids
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443.3  Precipitation - 444  Water Resources - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 2.50e-04m, Time 3.60e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712007

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 487>

Accession number:20184806135268
Title:Well-to-Wheels Fossil Energy Consumption and CO<inf>2</inf> Emissions of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles in China
Authors:Lin, Ting (1); Wu, Ye (1, 2); He, Xiao-Yi (1); Zhang, Shao-Jun (3); Hao, Ji-Ming (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca; NY; 14853, United States 
Corresponding author:Wu, Ye(ywu@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3946-3953
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the advantage of high energy efficiency and zero tailpipe emissions. They have been progressively commercialized in recent years. Hydrogen production has diversified technological pathways, which vary greatly in terms of energy and environmental impacts. In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method was applied to evaluate well-to-wheels (WTW) fossil energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>) emissions of FCVs using various hydrogen production pathways. The greenhouse gases, regulated emissions, and energy use in transportation (GREET) model, developed by the Argonne National Laboratory, was applied as the assessment tool, and a China-specific database was investigated and developed to evaluate typical hydrogen production pathways. Then, we compared the WTW fossil energy consumption and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions of FCVs with those of gasoline vehicles (GVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The results indicated that renewable-energy-based electrolysis of water and biomass gasification are two prospective hydrogen production pathways with significant WTW energy and climate benefits which can help FCVs reduce fossil energy consumption and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions by approximately 90% more than GVs. Among the current pathways with mass adoption, hydrogen production from coke oven gas (COG) has substantial energy and CO<inf>2</inf> mitigation benefits, which enables FCVs to achieve a lower WTW fossil energy consumption than HEVs and lower WTW CO<inf>2</inf> emissions than HEVs and BEVs. Considering the resource reserves and technological maturity in China, hydrogen production from COG and other industrial by-products is recommended for hydrogen energy and FCV development in the short term. In the medium and long terms, utilization of renewable energy to produce hydrogen should be promoted.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Hydrogen production
Controlled terms:Battery electric vehicles - Carbon dioxide - Energy efficiency - Energy utilization - Environmental impact - Fuel cells - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Hybrid vehicles - Hydrogen fuels  - Life cycle - Renewable energy resources - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:Argonne National Laboratory - Carbon dioxide emissions - CO2emissions - Fossil energy consumption - Greet models - Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) - Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles - Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Classification code:432  Highway Transportation - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 522  Gas Fuels - 525  Energy Management and Conversion - 601.2  Machine Components - 702.2  Fuel Cells - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712113

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 488>

Accession number:20184806135487
Title:Characteristic of Benzo[a]pyrene Anaerobic Degradation by Phenol Co-substrate and Microbial Communities from Two Types of Sludge
Authors:Wu, Hai-Zhen (1); Hu, Xiao-Yi (1); Wang, Ming (2); Wei, Jing-Yue (2); Fan, Yi-Wen (1); Wei, Chao-Hai (2); Zhong, Lian-Wen (3); Peng, Ya-Huan (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Bioscience and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Huaxin Environmental Technology Company, Shaoguan; 512122, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3797-3806
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a typical representative of PAHs in coking wastewater and priority-controlled pollutants in the coking industry; its response characteristics with microorganisms and the methods to promote its degradation are worth studying. On the other hand, because the inoculated sludge for the adjustment and operation of newly-constructed coking wastewater treatment plants comes from municipal sludge or other coking plants, currently, the study of the microbial properties of different sludges', sludge availability, and the conditions that influence these properties are lacking. On account of the above perspectives, an experiment to study and compare the durability of municipal sludge and coking sludge, and their ability to degrade BaP was carried out. An anaerobic reactor was selected for the experiment and anaerobic-activated sludges were collected from a coking wastewater processing unit and a municipal wastewater plant. Then, 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of BaP alone and BaP with phenol as a co-metabolic carbon source was added to the coking and municipal sludge samples, respectively, for comparison experiments to study the microbial degradation of BaP and its dynamics. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing technology was also used to analyze the changes in the microbial community structure before and after the degradation experiment. The results showed that: &#9312; Both sludges were capable of degrading BaP, but municipal sludge showed a higher degradation efficiency than coking sludge; &#9313; Adding phenol as co-substrate promoted the biodegradation of BaP in both sludges. When BaP was the sole carbon source, the half-life of BaP in the two sludges was 155.41 d and 116.3 d respectively. After the addition of phenol, the half-life was reduced to 81.25 d and 38.44 d, respectively; &#9314; According to the analysis of the microbial community structure, the community composition in both sludges changed markedly. Moreover, the microbial community in the municipal sludge showed a more evident change than that of the coking sludge. In the coking sludge, the dominant bacteria community changed a little after acclimation, most of the observed bacteria were previously reported common PAH-degrading strains. In contrast, the dominant bacteria community in the municipal sludge varied greatly after acclimation, and the most abundant bacteria were not common PAH-degrading strains. In addition, some frequently reported PAHs-degrading bacteria such as Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, and Sphingomonas sp., were identified in both the sludges and were present in high abundance. The results indicated that municipal sludge utilized BaP more actively than coking sludge; this phenomenon can be explained by the fact that municipal sludge contained a higher diversity of microbes that were involved in the degradation of BaP. Furthermore, the presence of phenol promoted the degradation of PAHs like BaP. Therefore, we proposed that the PAHs in coking sludge discharge might be reduced by the addition phenol and municipal wastewater.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Biodegradation
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Bacteriology - Barium compounds - Carbon - Coking properties - Degradation - Forestry - Phenols - Pyrene - Wastewater treatment  - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Benzo[a]pyrene - Co-substrate - Microbial communities - Municipal sludge - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS)
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712143

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 489>

Accession number:20184806135479
Title:Optimization and Validation of the Analytical Method to Detect New Psychoactive Substances in Wastewater
Authors:Chen, Pei-Pei (1); Du, Peng (1); Zhou, Zi-Lei (1); Xu, Ze-Qiong (1); Gao, Ting-Ting (1); Li, Xi-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xi-Qing(xli@urban.pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3736-3743
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:New psychoactive substances (NPS) are emerging continuously, as the crackdown against traditional drugs becomes stricter. Metabolites of NPSs and the unchanged drugs enter wastewater through urine and are collected and treated by wastewater treatment plants before being discharged into the aquatic environment. Based on previous research, solid phase extraction (SPE) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) were used and the detection method of 11 NPSs was optimized. Influences of wastewater pretreatment procedures, including SPE columns; pH values of water samples; and processes of flushing and redissolving on NPS recoveries were compared. It was shown that the best recovery was achieved when Oasis MCX columns were used and the pH value of wastewater samples was adjusted to 2. A flushing process with 2 mL water at pH=2 followed by 2 mL methanol was needed. Redissolution of the residue after evaporation was best achieved with 400 &mu;L of a 20% methanol water solution. It was indicated by retention times, recoveries, matrix effects, limits of detection, limits of quantification, as well as precision that C18-UPLC-MS/MS and the optimized method are efficient and valid. Influent and effluent samples from 11 municipal wastewater treatment plants in Beijing were analyzed using the optimized method for validation. The validated method can be used as an important reference for monitoring NPSs via wastewater-based epidemiology and for assessing the risk of NPS abuse in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Drug products - Effluent treatment - Extraction - Liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Methanol - pH - Phase separation - Recovery - Risk assessment  - Sewage pumping plants - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Aquatic environments - Limits of detection - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - New psychoactive substances (NPS) - Pretreatment procedure - Solid-phase extraction - Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC MS/MS) - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 801  Chemistry - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Volume 2.00e-06m3, Volume 4.00e-07m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712251

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 490>

Accession number:20184806135460
Title:Analysis of Aerosol Optical Depth Variation Characteristics for 10 years in Urumqi Based on MODIS_C006
Authors:Hu, Jun (1); Kang, Yan-Ming (1); Chen, Yong-Hang (1, 2); Liu, Xin (1); Li, Xia (2); Liu, Qiong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China; (2) Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi; 830002, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Hang(yonghangchen@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3563-3570
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the MYD04_L2_C006 dataset gained from Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer MODIS Level 2 at 10 km resolution of NASA's EOS (Earth Observing System) from 2006 to 2015, the aerosol optical depths (AODs) for 10 years under the condition of mild above atmospheric pollution (including mild) were analyzed for Urumqi City. The results showed that the average AODs in Urumqi were unimodally distribution over the 10 years. From January to April, the AODs gradually increased. During a year, the annual peak of 0.37&plusmn;0.19 was in April, and the lowest value of 0.22&plusmn;0.20 was in October. Owing to the frequent occurrence of dust weather conditions in spring, the largest seasonal variation of AOD was in spring, as the air pollution in the entire area was very serious, followed by summer and winter, with the smallest in autumn. In addition, the urban area was the high AOD value area in Urumqi, as its air pollution was more severe than that in the suburbs. The average value of AOD during the 10 years was 0.293. The highest value of AOD was 0.33 in 2006, and the lowest value of 0.24 was in 2008, which declined to 23.3% of that in 2007. The annual change in AOD in Urumqi over the 10 years rose steadily. Compared with previous studies, the lowest and highest values were both higher to different degrees. Despite the deduction trend in 2015, air pollution in Urumqi was serious in the studied decade, and thus control of such needs to be strengthened.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Air pollution control - NASA - Optical properties - Radiometers
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol optical depths - Interannual variability - MODIS_C006 - Spatial and temporal distribution - Urumqi City
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 741.1  Light/Optics - 944.7  Radiation Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+01yr, Percentage 2.33e+01%, Size 1.00e+04m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710125

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 491>

Accession number:20184806135496
Title:Effects of Transgenic Maize with cry1Ab and Epsps Genes C0030.3.5 on the Abundance and Community Structure of Soil Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria
Authors:Wang, Rui (1, 2); Zhu, Ke (1, 2); Li, Gang (1); Liu, Hui-Fen (2); Wang, Jing (1, 2); Xiu, Wei-Ming (1); Zhao, Jian-Ning (1); Yang, Dian-Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China; (2) College of Agriculture and Environmental Resources, Tianjin Agriculture University, Tianjin; 300384, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Gang(ligang06@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3885-3893
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the potential risk of planting transgenic corn on soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, in 2015, rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples were collected at the jointing stage, tassel stage, milky stage, and ripening stage, and the effects of transgenic maize with the cry1Ab and epsps genes on the abundance and diversity of soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria were studied by real-time quantitative PCR and T-RFLP. The results showed that the copy number of the diazotrophic nifH gene in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of transgenic maize with the cry1Ab and epsps genes (C0030.3.5) and its parental maize (DBN318) showed a trend where it first increased and then decrease with the growth stages, ranging between 2.99&times;10<sup>7</sup> and 7.02&times;10<sup>7</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. The abundance of the diazotrophic nifH gene in the rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil gene showed no significant difference between TM and PM in the same growth stage (P&gt;0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the abundance of the diazotrophic nifH gene was positively correlated with the content of organic matter, but negatively correlated with water content. T-RFLP analysis yielded 14 T-RFs of different lengths, and 43-bp and 155-bp fragments were the dominant population. The community composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was the same as that of TM and PM in the rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil, and there was no significant difference between the TM and PM populations in the same growth period (P&gt;0.05). The Shannon index and Evenness index of the diazotrophic nifH gene showed a trend where they first increased and then decreased with the growth period, and there was no significant difference in the Shannon index and Evenness index in the same growth stage between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples. Principal component analysis(PCA) indicated that the composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was not different between TM and PM. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil ammonium, nitrogen, and pH were significantly correlated with composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Forestry - Genes - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fixation - Polymerase chain reaction - Population statistics - Principal component analysis - Soil surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Abundance - Community structures - Cry1Ab - Epsps - Nifh genes - Transgenic maize
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711119

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 492>

Accession number:20184806135448
Title:An Assessment of PM<inf>2.5</inf>-Related Health Risks and Associated Economic Losses in Chinese Cities
Authors:Li, Hui-Juan (1, 2); Zhou, De-Qun (1); Wei, Yong-Jie (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 211106, China; (2) Economic School, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou; 221111, China; (3) China Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing; 100012, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3467-3475
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:It is important to carry out research on health risks and associated economic losses caused by air pollution using a large sample city in order to control air pollution and improve public health literacy. Using environmental health risk and environmental value assessment methods, the health risks of PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution in 2015, as well as the corresponding economic losses, were estimated in this study using the environmental monitoring data of 62 key cities as samples. The results show that significant impacts due to PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution occurred in 2015, including about 125.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): 33.29-205.90] thousand premature deaths and 10.10 (95% CI: 4.70-15.02) million cases of illness, hospital admissions, and outpatients, which accounted for 3.53% (95% CI: 1.64%-5.26%) of the total urban population. The total economic loss associated with the health risks was approximately 570.6 (95% CI: 193.08-874.21) billion yuan, which accounts for 1.53% (95% CI: 0.52%-2.35%) of the total GDP in 2015. The per capita loss was 1970 (95% CI: 667-3 018) yuan for these cities. Among the four major urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and Northeast China, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has the highest health risks, associated economic losses, the proportion of associated economic losses to GDP, and associated economic loss per capita because of its high concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and dense population than other three urban agglomerations. Among the three economic areas of Eastern, Central, and Western China, the health risks and associated economic losses were highest in the former. However, economic loss per capita did not differ greatly in the three economic areas. The difference in economic losses was very small between South and North China. However, the proportion of economic loss to GDP and per capita loss were much higher in the North than in the South. As to specific cities, the problems of health risks and economic losses were outstanding in Baoding, Zhengzhou, Jinan, and Beijing, which have higher PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Health risks
Controlled terms:Agglomeration - Air pollution - Air pollution control - Health - Losses - Public risks - Risk assessment - Risk perception - River pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Assessment - Economic loss - Environmental health risks - Environmental Monitoring - Environmental values - PM2.5 - Urban agglomerations - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 911.2  Industrial Economics - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.64e+00% to 5.26e+00%, Percentage 5.20e-01% to 2.35e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711237

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 493>

Accession number:20184806135451
Title:Analysis of Chemical Composition of the Fine Particulate Matter in Summer in Tianjin City via a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS)
Authors:Wen, Jie (1); Shi, Xu-Rong (1); Tian, Ying-Ze (1); Xu, Jiao (1); Shi, Guo-Liang (1); Feng, Yin-Chang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300071, China 
Corresponding author:Tian, Ying-Ze(tianyingze@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3492-3501
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:As an important megacity of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei air pollution transmission channel and the Bohai Sea Economic Zone, Tianjin is influenced by air pollution in recent years, thus research on the fine particulate matter in Tianjin is of vital value. In this study, single particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) was used to measure data of Jinnan District in Tianjin during August 2017, to describe the chemical features of fine particles in summer ambient air and estimate the potential pollution sources of fine particles. By using the ART-2a clustering method, 12 classes of PM were acquired, such as elemental carbon particles, Fe-NO<inf>3</inf> particles, Na-K particles, and metal particles. After monitoring the size distribution and diurnal variation of fine particles, it was concluded that the ratio of EC particles decreased as the size increased, whereas dust particles and Fe-NO<inf>3</inf> particles showed the opposite trend; three types of EC particles varied differently in a day according to the photochemical reaction; and the ratio of Fe-NO<inf>3</inf> particles was elevated in the daytime because of industrial production during that period. Backward trajectories of daily airflow at the measured spot were also calculated. When the monitoring site was affected by the air mass from the southwest, coal-burning particles may have contributed more; whereas, when the air mass from the southeast occurred more frequently, biomass burning and sea salt particles possibly contributed more.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Particles (particulate matter)
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Air pollution - Chemical analysis - Cluster analysis - Mass spectrometry - Photochemical reactions
Uncontrolled terms:Aerosol mass spectrometers - Aerosol mass spectrometry - Analysis of chemical composition - Back trajectories - Fine particulate matter - Industrial production - SPAMS - Tianjin
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801  Chemistry - 951  Materials Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712102

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 494>

Accession number:20184806135484
Title:Inhibitory Effect of Phenol on Phosphorus Removal Performance of an EBPR System
Authors:Ma, Juan (1, 2); Wang, Jin (1); Yu, Xiao-Jun (1); Zhou, Meng (1); Li, Guang-Yin (1); Sun, Hong-Wei (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Sewage Treatment Industry Technical Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou; 730070, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3775-3781
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An SBR reactor was operated to study the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of phenol (5, 10, 30, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) on the phosphorus removal performance of an EBPR system. The results showed that when the phenol concentration was no higher than 50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the removal efficiencies of COD and PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P were above 85%. The system showed efficient pollutant removal performance. However, when phenol was higher than 100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, phosphorus removal performance of the reactor decreased drastically. When phenol concentration was 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the system lost phosphorus removal performance after only 22 cycles. The average COD removal efficiency dropped to 61.3%, and high removal performance recovery was not observed in the short term. Meanwhile, it was found that long-term dosing of phenol inhibited phosphorus removal of the sludge subjected to EBPR. Furthermore, the inhibition on aerobic phosphate uptake was greater than that on anaerobic phosphate release. In addition, the limited sludge bulking disappeared gradually owing to acclimation of the sludge to toxicity with a low phenol concentration (&le;50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). However, high concentration of phenol induced sludge bulking was difficult to recover. The short-term impact experiments showed that effluent COD and phosphorus fluctuation caused by phenol could be recovered gradually by removing phenol, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of phenol on phosphorus removal was reversible.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Efficiency - Phenols - Phosphorus - Recovery - Sewage sludge - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:COD removal efficiency - Enhanced biological phosphorus removal - Phenol concentration - Phosphorus removal - Pollutant removal performance - Removal efficiencies - Removal performance - Sludge bulking
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 6.13e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801204

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 495>

Accession number:20184806135472
Title:Influences of Anthropogenic Activities on the Community Structure of N-DAMO Bacteria in the North Canal
Authors:Liu, Yang (1); Chen, Yong-Juan (1); Wang, Xiao-Yan (1, 2); Xu, Kang-Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Research Center of Aquatic Environment in the Capital Region, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Yan(wangxy@cnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3677-3688
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Stream ecosystems are the primary receivers of nutrients and organic carbon exported from terrestrial ecosystems and are profoundly influenced by the land of the surrounding landscape. Anthropogenic activities increased the nutrient and organic carbon levels in both stream and benthic biofilms, which are closely related to the differences in the N-DAMO (Nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation) bacterial communities. We studied N-DAMO bacterial communities in streams flowing through anthropogenic land in the city of Beijing. The results showed that anthropogenic activities increase the nutrient and organic carbon levels both midstream and downstream; these are closely related to the difference in the N-DAMO bacterial communities. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the cloned 16S rRNA and pmoA sequences in the North Canal were similar to those recovered from activated sludge and wastewater. The effect of nitrogen on N-DAMO bacteria in the North Canal mainly depended on the main form of available nitrogen and the source of pollutant. Moreover, N-DAMO bacteria present downstream of the North Canal, had a more connected and modular microbial network than those present midstream, where bacterial communities with tightly connected species that were shown to be more vulnerable and sensitive to various disturbances were found.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:70
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Cloning - Ecosystems - Hydraulic structures - Nutrients - Organic carbon - RNA
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic activity - Co-occurrence networks - Community structures - Environmental factors - Phylogeny - River sediments
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8.1  Genetic Engineering - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711198

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 496>

Accession number:20184806135458
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Emission Coefficients of Volatile Organic Compounds from the Packaging and Printing Industry in Zhejiang Province
Authors:Wang, Jia-De (1); L&uuml;, Jian-Zhang (1); Li, Wen-Juan (2); Gu, Zhen-Yu (2); Miao, Xiao-Ping (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (2) Zhejiang Province Academy of Environmental Science, Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Gu, Zhen-Yu(zy_g@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3552-3556
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This paper presents the raw material composition and VOC treatment status of the packaging and printing industry in Zhejiang Province based on the survey data obtained in 2015 of 254 packaging and printing enterprises. To analyze the emission characteristics and calculate the emission coefficients of the packaging and printing industry, 100 typical enterprises were further screened according to different printing processes. The results showed that about two-thirds of packaging and printing enterprises failed to effectively dispose of VOCs; meanwhile, solvent-based materials were still commonly used in the packaging and printing industry. The main emission pollution factors of VOCs in the packaging and printing industry were ethyl acetate, isopropanol, ethanol, propyl acetate, and n-butyl acetate. The VOC emission coefficient of the packaging and printing industry in Zhejiang Province was 0.485 kg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, of which the gravure printing was the primary source with VOCs emission coefficient of 0.634 kg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Compared with the material balance method, the error value from the emission coefficient method was less than 15%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Packaging materials
Controlled terms:Packaging - Pollution - Printing presses - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Emission characteristics - Emission coefficient - Emission pollution - Material balance method - Printing industry - Printing process - Raw material composition - Solvent-based materials
Classification code:694.1  Packaging, General - 694.2  Packaging Materials - 745.1.1  Printing Equipment - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711187

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 497>

Accession number:20184806135266
Title:Effect of Graphene Oxide on Algal Toxicity of Dibutyl Phthalate
Authors:Tu, Hai-Feng (1); Liu, Cheng (1); Wang, Yu-Qing (1); Chu, Qi (1); Hou, Xiao-Dong (2); Li, Feng-Min (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou; 550002, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Feng-Min(lifengmin@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3927-3936
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Marine microalgae, Platymonas helgolondica var. tsingtaoensis, were used as experimental subjects to study the acute toxic effects of graphene oxide (GO) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), both individually and together. The growth of algae cells, production of photosynthetic pigments, cell permeability, and oxidative stress were investigated. The effects of GO on the algal toxicity of DBP were evaluated. The results showed that low concentrations of GO (0.1-10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) had no significant effect on algae density and chlorophyll production of Platymonas helgolondica var. tsingtaoensis (P&lt;0.05). However, the algae cell permeability increased significantly with GO concentration (P&lt;0.05) and reached 2.2 times that of the control group at 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The EC<inf>50, 96 h</inf> value of DBP for Platymonas helgolondica var. tsingtaoensis was (11.14&plusmn;0. 80) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which, in terms of toxicity, was much higher than that of GO (EC<inf>50, 96 h</inf>&gt;100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). At a GO concentration of 1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the EC<inf>50, 96 h</inf> value of DBP decreased to (4.93&plusmn;2.14) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, showing that low concentrations of GO enhanced the algae toxicity of DBP. When 1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of GO was added, low concentrations of DBP (0.1-2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) did not have any significant effect on algae density, chlorophyll production, cell permeability, ROS, and SOD. However, the inhibitory effects of high concentrations of DPB (4 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) on algae density and chlorophyll production were enhanced by GO, thereby increasing the average ROS and SOD in algae cells by 21% and 7%, respectively. SEM images showed that GO was the primary factor responsible for increasing the coverage and packing of, and the aggregation effect on, algae cells, which could be the reasons for the increased toxicity of DBP. The results of our study can provide data to reveal the risk of novel carbon nanomaterial pollutants to marine organisms.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Algae
Controlled terms:Cells - Chlorophyll - Cytology - Esters - Graphene - Graphene oxide - Marine biology - Marine pollution - Toxicity - Value engineering
Uncontrolled terms:Acute toxic effects - Algal toxicity - Cell permeability - Di-butyl phthalate - Dibutyl phthalates - Experimental subjects - Photosynthetic pigments - Platymonas helgolanidica var. tsingtaoensis
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 761  Nanotechnology - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 911.5  Value Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-04kg/m3 to 1.00e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Time 3.46e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711228

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 498>

Accession number:20184806135267
Title:Effects of Organic Substrates on ANAMMOX-MFC Denitrification Electrogenesis Performance
Authors:Zu, Bo (1); Ma, Lan (1); Liu, Bo (2); Lu, Pei-Li (3); Xu, Jun (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing; 400074, China; (2) Chongqing Yizheng North County Real Estate Development Company Limited, Chongqing; 401147, China; (3) Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400044, China; (4) Appraisal Center for Environment &amp; Engineering of Chongqing, Chongqing; 401121, China 
Corresponding author:Lu, Pei-Li(lupl@cqu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3937-3945
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An anaerobic ammonium oxidation microbial fuel cell (ANAMMOX-MFC) was successfully started by inoculating anaerobic ammonium oxide sludge into the anode of a microbial fuel cell and then used to study the effect of glucose and phenol on ANAMMOX-MFC denitrification electrogenesis performance. The results showed that the ANAMMOX bacteria promoted ANAMMOX-MFC denitrification when the concentration of glucose was low (100-200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). At that time, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the reactor was not significant. The electrogenesis production performance and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N removal rate gradually decreased when the glucose concentration was higher than 300 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, but the NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>- N removal rate generally remained unchanged. The COD concentration was also reduced, indicating that the activity of the ANAMMOX bacteria was inhibited and the activity of denitrification bacteria began to increase. The polarization curve fitting degree was low, and the change in COD concentration had little effect on the battery internal resistance. When the concentration of phenol was low (50-100 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), there was little effect on ANAMMOX-MFC denitrification electrogenesis performance. When the concentration of phenol exceeded 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, ANAMMOX-MFC denitrification performance was gradually inhibited. Overall, in the process, the COD concentrations of the water influent and effluent changed little, the polarization curve fitting degree was low, and the apparent internal resistance increased slowly.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Microbial fuel cells
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Chemical oxygen demand - Curve fitting - Denitrification - Effluents - Glucose - Nitrogen removal - Phenols - Polarization - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ANAMMOX - Electrogenesis - Glucose concentration - Internal resistance - Organic substrate - Polarization curves - Production performance
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921.6  Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.00e-01kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 1.00e-01kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711104

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 499>

Accession number:20184806135486
Title:Denitrification Characteristics and Functional Genes of Denitrifying Bacteria Under Aerobic or Anaerobic Conditions
Authors:Kang, Peng-Liang (1); Chen, Sheng-Nan (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (1); Zhang, Hai-Han (1); Shang, Pan-Lu (1); Zhao, Zhen-Fang (1); Wang, Yue (1); Tan, Xin-Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Sheng-Nan(chenshengnan@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3789-3796
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An efficient aerobic denitrifying bacterium was isolated from the sediments of the Jin Pen Reservoir in Xi'an. The strain was identified by morphological features and 16S rDNA sequences as Pseudomonas stutzeri and named it KK99. The denitrification characteristics of the strain and the expression level of the functional genes narG, nirS, and nosZ in aerobic/anaerobic conditions were investigated. The results showed that the strain can carry out both anaerobic and aerobic denitrification and has a high efficiency of denitrification, which occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions; after 24 h, the removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) were 85.08% and 89.05%, respectively. Under both the conditions, the expression levels of the functional genes nosZ and nirS are high. nosZ plays a vital role in denitrification in the aerobic pathway, nirS plays a vital role in denitrification in the anaerobic pathway, and narG expression is low under both the conditions. At the same time, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) capacity of the strain was observed when nitrate and ammonium salts were the nitrogen sources, with the total nitrogen removal rate being 76% within 24 h in aerobic conditions. The P. stutzeri KK99 strain can be used for controlling eutrophication of micro-polluted water, and the application of total nitrogen reduction engineering.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Eutrophication - Gene expression - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Reservoirs (water) - Salts - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic and anaerobic conditions - Aerobic denitrification - Denitrifying bacteria - Functional genes - Micro - polluted waters - Morphological features - Nitrogen balance analysis - Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 453  Water Pollution - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 461.9  Biology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.60e+01%, Percentage 8.51e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801015

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 500>

Accession number:20184806135491
Title:Comprehensive Study of Lead Speciation and Its Bioavailability in Soils From a Lead/Zinc Mining Area by Micro X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure
Authors:Sun, Xiao-Yan (1, 2); Liu, Jian (1); Luo, Li-Qiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing; 100037, China; (2) School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Luo, Li-Qiang(luoliqiang@cags.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:8
Issue date:August 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3835-3844
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Lead species significantly influences its mobility and bioavailability. In this study, improved BCR procedure, laboratory culture, laboratory micro X-ray fluorescence (&mu;-XRF), and synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) were used to investigate the distribution, speciation, and bioavailability of Pb in soils from a Pb/zinc (Zn) mining area contaminated with heavy metals. The results showed that &#9312; Pb was mainly distributed in the reducible [which binds to oxides of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn)], acid soluble, residual, and oxidizable fractions, &#9313; Pb content in plant tissues correlated with acid-soluble Pb content in soil, &#9314; &mu;-XRF results indicated that Pb was distributed heterogeneously, and correlated with the hot spot with high concentration of Mn. In some area, Pb also correlated with Fe, and &#9315; Pb was predominantly present as Pb-goethite (41%-46%), Pb<inf>3</inf>(PO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>(36%-55%), and Pb-MnO<inf>2</inf>(3%-24%) in soil samples. The results of this study showed that oxides of Fe and Mn, and Pb<inf>3</inf>(PO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>precipitate mainly comprise the pool of Pb in soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Absorption spectra - Biochemistry - Fluorescence - Heavy metals - Lead - Manganese oxide - Soils - Superconducting materials - Synchrotron radiation - X ray absorption  - X ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Bioavailability - Micro X-ray fluorescence - Sequential extraction - Speciation - X-ray absorption near-edge structure
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 708.3  Superconducting Materials - 711  Electromagnetic Waves - 711.2  Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics - 932.1.1  Particle Accelerators
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+00% to 2.40e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01% to 5.50e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+01% to 4.60e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712146

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.


<RECORD 501>

Accession number:20183705802968
Title:Influence of Operating Modes for the Alternating Anoxic/Oxic Process on Biological Nitrogen Removal and Extracellular Polymeric Substances of Activated Sludge
Authors:Sun, Hong-Wei (1); Chen, Cui-Zhong (1); Wu, Chang-Feng (2); Zhao, Hua-Nan (1); Yu, Xue (1); Fang, Xiao-Hang (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Lanzhou Veolia Water(group) Co., Ltd., Lanzhou; 730060, China; (3) South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China 
Corresponding author:Fang, Xiao-Hang(fangxiaohang@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:256-262
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrogen removal, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the chemical composition (protein (PN), polysaccharide (PS), and DNA) by the aerobic/anoxic (O/A) and the anoxic/aerobic (A/O) modes were studied in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with domestic wastewater. The results showed that the removal rates of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were 97.5% and 98.0% in the two operating modes, respectively, and a removal efficiency of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N with high efficiency and stability was obtained. The nitrification rate was positively correlated with the nitrogen loading ratio. The influence of operating modes for the alternating anoxic/oxic mode on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge was evaluated. The EPS constituent in the A/O mode was slightly higher than the O/A mode. The operating mode had no effect on the contents of PN, PS, and DNA in tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) and TB-EPS. However, PN and PS in loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and LB-EPS in the A/O mode were 1.38 to 1.56 times those of the O/A mode. In the two operating modes, PSs were the main constituents in the TB-EPS and EPS, while PNs were the main constituents in LB-EPS. The EPS content had a good linear correlation with the sludge settling performance.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Activated sludge process
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Efficiency - Gene encoding - Nitrogen removal - Polymers
Uncontrolled terms:Biological nitrogen removal - Chemical compositions - Domestic wastewater - Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Operating modes - Removal efficiencies - Sequence batch reactors - Sequencing batch reactors
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 461.9  Biology - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.75e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705191

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.


<RECORD 502>

Accession number:20183705802961
Title:Influence of Hydraulic Retention Time on the Treatment of Polluted River Water by an Activated Carbon Rotating Biological Contactor
Authors:Xu, Wen-Jia (1, 2); Cheng, Xiao-Ying (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi; 214122, China; (3) Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou; 215000, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Xiao-Ying(439174716@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:1
Issue date:January 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:202-211
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study combined activated carbon with a rotating biological contactor. The activated carbon adsorption experiments were conducted and the biofilm was formed by using the river water directly. The effects of different hydraulic retention times on the removal of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TP, and permanganate index and on the biofilm properties were investigated at the optimum rotational speed of the disc. Experimental results are as follows. The Freundlich isotherm showed that activated carbon had better adsorption properties for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TP, and permanganate index in water. When the disk speed was 3 r&bull;min<sup>-1</sup>, the removal efficiency was the best, and the removal rates of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TP and permanganate index were the best at 86.05%, 81.28%, and 77.09%, respectively. In addition, there was a significant linear correlation between the hydraulic retention time and the removal of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and TP (R<sup>2</sup>&gt;0.9), respectively. The removal rates of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and TP at different hydraulic retention times were significantly different (P&lt;0.05), but the permanganate index was not (P&gt;0.05). Hydraulic retention time had effects on the biofilm activity, protein and polysaccharide contents, and the three-dimensional fluorescence peaks of S-EPS, LB-EPS, and TB-EPS of the biofilm.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Activated carbon treatment
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Biofilms - Rotating disks
Uncontrolled terms:Activated carbon adsorption - Adsorption properties - Hydraulic retention time - Polluted river waters - Polysaccharide contents - Removal rate - Rotating biological contactor - Three-dimensional fluorescences
Classification code:462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 601.2  Machine Components - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.71e+01%, Percentage 8.13e+01%, Percentage 8.60e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201705239

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20185206314819
Title:Distribution and Removal of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Two Sequential Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors:Li, Ao-Lin (1, 2); Chen, L&uuml;-Jun (1, 3); Zhang, Yan (4); Dai, Tian-Jiao (2); Tian, Jin-Ping (1); Liu, Rui (3); Wen, Dong-Hui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China; (3) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Technology and Ecology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (4) School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China 
Corresponding author:Wen, Dong-Hui(dhwen@pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4593-4600
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been regarded as important point-sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments. To investigate the distribution and removal of ARGs in WWTPs, a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plant (PWWTP) and an integrated wastewater treatment plant (IWWTP) in a fine-chemical industrial park were chosen, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR techniques were used to determine the occurrence and abundances of ARGs along the treatment processes. Ten and fifteen ARGs were detected initially in the influents of PWWTP and IWWTP respectively, in which tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes were frequently reported, while dfrA13 was first reported in WWTPs. The most abundant ARGs in the influents were sul&#8544; and sul&#8545;, followed by dfrA13, tetQ, floR, tetO, and tetW. The total ARGs increased by 0.21 log after the treatment by PWWTP, whose effluent contributed 0.87% to the inflow yet 5.05% to the total ARGs of IWWTP. Finally the total ARGs removed by IWWTP was 1.03 log, with the remaining ARGs then transported within the final effluent to the nearby coastal area. The authors concluded that the environmental and other impacts from the spread of ARGs on the microbial communities of the coastal environment needed further study.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Coastal zones - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Genes - Industrial plants - Industrial water treatment - Polymerase chain reaction - Reclamation - Sewage pumping plants  - Sulfur compounds - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic resistance genes - Industrial parks - Pharmacy - Real-time PCR (qPCR) - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.1.2  Water Treatment Techniques for Industrial Use - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 801.2  Biochemistry
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801262

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20185206314825
Title:Effect of Microbial Community Structure and Metabolites on Sludge Settling Ability Under Three Different Switching Condition Processes
Authors:Wen, Dan-Dan (1); Yuan, Lin-Jiang (1); Chen, Xi (2); Wang, Yang (1); Shen, Tong-Tong (1); Liu, Xiao-Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; Shaanxi Province; 710055, China; (2) School of Environmental &amp; Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an; 710048, China 
Corresponding author:Yuan, Lin-Jiang(yuanlinjiang@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4644-4652
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Using sodium acetate as the carbon source, sludge settling ability (settleability) was investigated under three processes: AAO nitrogen and phosphorus removal(process &#8544;), AO nitrification-denitrification (process &#8545;), and aerobic carbon removal (process &#8546;). The succession of microbial community structures in sludge was traced, the content and composition of microbial metabolites were monitored, and the effects of operational mode on sludge settleability were analyzed. The results showed that the settleability of process &#8544; was the best, followed by process &#8546; and &#8545;. Under the different operating conditions, the dominant bacteria and microbial community structure of the system changed significantly. The relative amount of Thiothrix was the dominant bacteria affecting the sludge settleability. The abundances of Thiothrix were only 0.08% and 1.51% with fresh sludge and in process &#8544;; this abundance increased to 9.41% in process &#8545; and decreased to 4.29% in process &#8546;. The anaerobic zone of process I had an inhibitory effect on the growth of the bacterium, while the anoxic zone of process &#8545; stimulated its dominant growth. At the same time, comparison showed that the microbial population diversity was highest in process &#8544;. followed by processes &#8545; and &#8546;. The introduction of anoxic and anaerobic zones led to the increase of system function and environmental complexity, and increased microbial community diversity. Analyses of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and fluorescence characteristics showed that the changes in microbial community structure had a significant effect on the composition and content of EPS, which aggravated the process of improving or deteriorating settleability. The sludge settleability was found to be positively correlated with the ratio of protein and polysaccharide in loosely bound EPS.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Polymers
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Carbon - Fluorescence - Metabolites - Nitrogen removal - Sodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Biological treatment - Extra-cellular polymeric substances - Fluorescence characteristics - Microbial community structures - Sludge settleability
Classification code:741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 815.1  Polymeric Materials
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.51e+00%, Percentage 4.29e+00%, Percentage 8.00e-02%, Percentage 9.41e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801253

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20185206314823
Title:Characteristics of Advanced Treatment of Treated Petrochemical Water by O<inf>3</inf>-BAC and Analysis of Consortium Structure
Authors:Zhang, Chao (1); Shan, Ming-Hao (1); Xu, Dan-Ning (1); Gu, Ming-Zhe (1); Dai, Bei-Bei (2); Ji, Xuan (2); Sun, Jing-Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300350, China; (2) Department of Water Affairs, Tianjin Petrochemical Company of Sinopec, Tianjin; 300271, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Jing-Mei(jmsun@tju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4628-4635
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The advanced treatment of treated petrochemical water by Ozone-Biological Activated Carbon (O<inf>3</inf>-BAC) was carried out in this study. The effect of O<inf>3</inf> on the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Spectral Absorption Coefficient (UV<inf>254</inf>) were investigated. The characteristics of organic matter and the microbial consortium structure of BAC were also investigated at 20 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> of O<inf>3</inf> dosage concentration, 40 min of O<inf>3</inf> single stage contact time and 1.5 h of the empty bed residence time of BAC. Results showed that the effluent COD concentration of O<inf>3</inf>-BAC was 24 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>with the removal efficiency of 40.4%. The COD removal efficiency of O<inf>3</inf>-BAC was higher than that for the BAC process. The UV<inf>254</inf> removal efficiency of O<inf>3</inf>-BAC was 55.1%. Meanwhile, UV<inf>254</inf> correlated with COD with a correlation coefficient of 0.89. The percentage of dissolved organic matters with relative molecular weight less than 1&times;10<sup>3</sup> increased from 69.0% to 87.0% after O<inf>3</inf> oxidation. The NPOC removal efficiency of O<inf>3</inf>-BAC (45.8%) was higher than that of the BAC process (23.0%). The NPOC removal efficiency of the BAC unit was mainly achieved by reduction of dissolved organic matters with relative molecular weight less than 1&times;10<sup>3</sup>. GC-MS analysis results showed that organic substances such as alkanes, unsaturated esters, and phenols had been removed by O<inf>3</inf> oxidation. The micro ecological environment of the BAC unit had been significantly improved after O<inf>3</inf> oxidation, and the genera with relative abundance over 1.0% increased from 6 to 11. The combined O<inf>3</inf>-BAC system can be applied to the advanced treatment of petrochemical treated water.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Activated carbon treatment - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chemical oxygen demand - Efficiency - Molecular weight - Organic compounds - Oxidation - Petrochemicals
Uncontrolled terms:Advanced treatment - Biological activated carbon - COD removal efficiency - Correlation coefficient - Dissolved organic matters - Ecological environments - Empty bed residence time - O3-BAC
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 4.04e+01%, Percentage 4.58e+01%, Percentage 5.51e+01%, Percentage 6.90e+01% to 8.70e+01%, Time 2.40e+03s, Time 5.40e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801276

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20185206314831
Title:Emission of NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O from Spinach Field Treated with Different Fertilizers
Authors:Shan, Nan (1, 2); Han, Sheng-Hui (3); Liu, Ji-Pei (4); Chen, Qing (1); Yuan, Yu-Ling (2); Wang, Li-Gang (2); Li, Hu (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China; (4) Daxing Soil and Fertilizer Workstation, Beijing; 102600, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Li-Gang(wangligang@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4705-4716
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Agricultural management techniques such as fertilizer or manure application have substantial influence on NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions and, by understanding this influence, management strategies can be developed to reduce them. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Hunan Agricultural University during 2012 to 2013, to investigate effects of different fertilizers on NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions. The treatments included control without fertilizer (CK), swine composting fertilizer (SC), stored swine manure fertilizer (SS), and chemical fertilizer (FC). The fluxes of NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O were collected by venting method and static-chamber method, respectively. The results showed that during the spinach growth season, compared with FC, loss of both NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O for SC were reduced by 52.9% and 95.12%, respectively(P&lt;0.01). However, loss of NH<inf>3</inf> for SS increased by 24.8%, and loss of N<inf>2</inf>O reduced by 48.8% compared with FC. Loss rate of NH<inf>3</inf> were SS (10.97%)&gt;FC (4.19%)&gt;SC(2.74%), and emission coefficient for N<inf>2</inf>O were FC(4.50%)&gt;SC(2.21%)&gt;SS(0.60%). Yield and utilization of nitrogen for SC were reduced by 19.61% and 13.20% compared with FC, respectively, but not significantly; and significantly reduced by 27.9% and 40.0% compared with SS, respectively. Loss of gases (NH<inf>3</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O) for SC were 1.83%, which was the lowest, while utilization of nitrogen for SC was 13.20%, similar with FC. Greenhouse temperature was not the critical factor during the spinach planting in winter, but soil water was. Therefore, optimizing manure management could reduce ammonia volatilization and N<inf>2</inf>O emission loss without decreasing vegetables production, and the present data indicated that SC would be optimal for better yields with reduced ammonia volatilization and N<inf>2</inf>O emission loss.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:67
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonia - Composting - Greenhouses - Mammals - Manures - Nitrogen - Nitrogen oxides - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural management - Ammonia volatilization - Greenhouse temperature - Management strategies - Nitrous oxide - Pig manures - Spinach - Static chamber method
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.10e+01%, Percentage 1.32e+01%, Percentage 1.83e+00%, Percentage 1.96e+01%, Percentage 2.21e+00%, Percentage 2.48e+01%, Percentage 2.74e+00%, Percentage 2.79e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 4.19e+00%, Percentage 4.50e+00%, Percentage 4.88e+01%, Percentage 5.29e+01%, Percentage 6.00e-01%, Percentage 9.51e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803005

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20185206314809
Title:Impact of Biochar on Nitrogen Removal and Nitrous Oxide Emission in Aerated Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland
Authors:Wang, Ning (1, 2); Huang, Lei (1, 2); Luo, Xing (1); Liang, Yan (1); Wang, Yan (1); Chen, Yu-Cheng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources &amp; Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaning, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Lei(leihuang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4505-4511
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In an intermittent aerated vertical flow constructed wetland, the dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution tends to be inhomogeneous because of poor diffusivity resulting in the production and emission of nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O). As a multifunctional environmental material with numerous porosities and a large specific area, biochar has been recently applied to enhance pollutant removal and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in traditional wetland systems. Using the conventional aerated vertical flow constructed wetlands (CW) as the comparison, biochar-amended wetland microcosms (SW) were built in greenhouses to investigate the influence of biochar on nitrogen removal and N<inf>2</inf>O emissions. The results showed that DO concentration in the aeration stage increased by 0.42 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in SW. Furthermore, SW achieved higher removal efficiencies for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N (99.5%) and total nitrogen (TN; 95.0%) than CW. Similar removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), close to 94%, were observed in CW and SW, indicating that no significant effects resulted from adding biochar (P&gt;0.05). Additionally, N<inf>2</inf>O emission fluxes of CW and SW were 0.92 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.27 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The N<inf>2</inf>O cumulative emission in SW was 6.58 mg&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, which was significantly lower than that in CW (22.03 mg&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>). Biochar addition could be an effective strategy to promote nitrogen removal and reduce N<inf>2</inf>O emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Chemical oxygen demand - Dissolved oxygen - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Nitrogen oxides - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Cumulative emissions - Environmental materials - Intermittent aeration - Nitrous oxide emissions - Removal efficiencies - Subsurface flow constructed wetlands - Vertical flow constructed wetlands
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 4.20e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.40e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.95e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801302

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20185206314818
Title:Reduction of Wastewater Organic Micro-pollutants and Genotoxicity in a Hybrid Process Involving Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic and Ozonation Treatments
Authors:Li, Mo (1); Wang, Zhen-Zhe (1, 2); Chen, Zhi-Qiang (1); Wen, Qin-Xue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China; (2) Jiangsu Huaxin Urban Planning &amp; Design Institute Co., Ltd., Lianyungang; 200000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Zhi-Qiang(czqhit@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4584-4592
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, researchers have drawn greater attention to the occurrence, fate, and risk of organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) in the environment. Effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important source for the release of OMPs into aquatic environment and should be monitored and controlled. The migration and transformation of 14 selected OMPs and their reduction of genotoxicity after treatment by a hybrid process of anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) and ozonation were investigated. Results showed that the activated sludge process was poor in removing most OMPs, with removal rates of less than 50%. However, ozonation improved OMPs removal, and the hybrid process could reduce most of the OMPs by more than 90%-with OMPs containing phenolic, aniline, and anisole groups in their aromatic structures showing particular vulnerability to attack by ozone. The results of genotoxicity analyses showed that the wastewater influent and secondary effluent exhibited genotoxicity to an extent, and ozonation reduced the genotoxicity of secondary effluent by 98%, thus largely reducing the environmental risk posed by OMPs in WWTP effluent.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Aniline - Effluent treatment - Organic pollutants - Ozone - Ozone water treatment - Ozonization - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) - Aquatic environments - Aromatic structures - Environmental risks - Genotoxicities - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Organic micro-pollutants - Ozonation treatment
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712002

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20185206314795
Title:Ratios of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air of Various Cities of China
Authors:Wang, Ming (1, 2); Chen, Wen-Tai (3); Lu, Si-Hua (4); Shao, Min (4, 5) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) Nanjing Intelligent Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing; 211800, China; (4) College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China; (5) Institute for Environmental and Climate Change, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Shao, Min(mshao@pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4393-4399
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOC) ratios in urban atmosphere could provide important information on VOC data quality, sources, and options for removal processes. Based on seven VOC measurement datasets, useful VOC ratios were calculated using four methods, including orthogonal distance(ODR), linear regression, geometric mean, mean, and frequency distribution. Ambient levels of m,p-xylene and o-xylene from the seven datasets showed good correlation with r ranging from 0.975 to 0.997, and their ratios (m,p-xylene/o-xylene) were close, with values of 2.78-3.05, indicating therefore that the ratio of m,p-xylene/o-xylene could be used to evaluate the quality of ambient measurement data in urban atmospheres. In addition, ratios of toluene versus benzene (T/B) and propane versus ethane (P/E) in different cities were compared, to investigate VOC sources in China. The highest T/B ratios were found in Shanghai and Guangzhou City, with values of 2.37 and 1.78, respectively, higher than the result from a tunnel study (1.52), suggesting the important influence of paint and solvent use. The T/B value for Beijing City during summer was close to that from the tunnel study, while the T/B ratios for Chengdu, Beijing during winter, and Chongqing were lower, with values ranging from 0.744 to 1.36, suggesting possible influences from biomass burning and coal combustion. The P/E value in Guangzhou was 1.27, significantly higher than the range of 0.270 to 0.645 found in other cities. The OH exposure in different cities were calculated based on o-xylene/ethylbenzene (X/E), with values ranging from 2.70&times;10<sup>10</sup> to 4.45&times;10<sup>10</sup> molecule&bull;cm<sup>-3</sup>&bull;s.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Coal combustion - Gas chromatography - Volatile organic compounds - Xylene
Uncontrolled terms:Photochemical process - Quality evaluation - Ratio - Source identification - Volatile organic compound (VOC)
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801291

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20185206314288
Title:Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Induced by DEP Exposure in Earthworms
Authors:Ping, Ling-Wen (1); Li, Xian-Xu (1); Zhang, Cui (1); Song, Pei-Pei (1); Wang, Jin-Hua (1); Zhu, Lu-Sheng (1); Wang, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, School of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an; 271018, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Jun(jwang@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4825-4833
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a plastic additive that entered the soil environment due to the extensive use of plastic products. However, its toxicity to soil animals and the associated toxicity mechanism were not completely understood. Eisenia foetida was selected as the research object and exposed to simulated contaminated soil with different concentrations of DEP. Antioxidant enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and amount of DNA damage in the earthworms were used as evaluation parameters for the study. The results showed that under DEP stress, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, GST and ROS in earthworms changed and resulted in gene damage. Under the stress of 0.1-50 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> DEP exposure during the 28 d experiment, the level of ROS increased and there was a "dose-effect" relationship. Excessive ROS gave rise to an increase of MDA content in the body from lipid peroxidation. Under the combined action of ROS and MDA, DNA in the body cavity of earthworm was damaged and there was also a "dose-effect" relationship between the degree of damage and the concentration of DEP. In summary, DEP may cause a certain degree of damage to organisms, with damage to the DNA of earthworms representing fairly strong eco-toxicological effects. Therefore, adequate attention should be paid to DEP disposal.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Antioxidants - DNA - Enzyme activity - Esters - Oxidative stress - Plastic products - Soils - Toxicity
Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant enzyme activity - Diethyl phthalate - DNA damages - Evaluation parameters - Genotoxicities - Glutathione S-transferases - Reactive oxygen species - Toxicity mechanisms
Classification code:461  Bioengineering and Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 817.1  Polymer Products
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711025

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20185206314821
Title:Enhanced Nitrogen and Carbon Removal Performance of Simultaneous ANAMMOX and Denitrification (SAD) with Trehalose Addition Treating Saline Wastewater
Authors:Yang, Zhen-Lin (1); Yu, De-Shuang (1); Li, Jin (1); Wang, Xiao-Xia (1); Feng, Li (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jin(ljin0532@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4612-4620
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Enhanced nitrogen and carbon removal performance of simultaneous ANAMMOX and denitrification (SAD) process with trehalose addition treating saline wastewater was investigated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The optimal nitrogen removal was achieved at 0.25 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> trehalose, during which NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and COD could be completely removed. Compared to no addition of trehalose, ammonium removal efficiency (ARE), nitrite removal efficiency (NRE) and total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) increased by 50%, 43% and 46%. Ammonium removal rate (ARR) and nitrite removal rate (NRR) increased by 81.25% and 75%, respectively. With increasing concentration of trehalose to 0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, ARE was only 58.82% and the effluent concentration of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was 33.25 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Compared to the Haldane model and the Aiba model, the Luong model was the most suitable to simulate the nitrogen removal performance of SAD with trehalose addition treating saline wastewater. The NRR<inf>max</inf>, K<inf>S</inf>, S<inf>m</inf>, and n fitted from Luong model were 0.954 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, 0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, 184.785 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 0.718, respectively. Compared to the modified Logistic model and the modified Boltzman model, the modified Gompertz model was the most suitable to describe the degradation of a substrate in a single cycle.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Carbon - Denitrification - Efficiency - Effluents - Enzyme kinetics - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:ANAMMOX - Effluent concentrations - Modified Logistic model - Modified-Gompertz model - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Saline wastewater - Sequencing batch reactors - Trehalose
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.85e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.33e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.50e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.00e-01mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 4.30e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.88e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 8.12e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803218

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20185206314812
Title:Seasonal Variations of DOM Spectral Characteristics in the Surface Water of the Upstream Minjiang River
Authors:Fan, Shi-Yu (1); Qin, Ji-Hong (2); Liu, Yan-Yang (1); Sun, Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Sichuan Research Center for Soil Environment Protection Engineering and Technology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) Department of Environmental Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu; 610106, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Hui(sunhuifiles@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4530-4538
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Alpine wetlands and valleys of northwestern Sichuan are the main catchment areas of Minjiang River, where dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters comes mainly from the natural background environment. Sources and structure parameters of DOM are important for calibrating the flux and pattern of organic carbon exports from plateau wetlands and alpine rivers. In this study, surface water samples along the upstream Minjiang River were collected at the end of dry season (April) and rainy season (October). Excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used to characterize seasonal variations of DOM along Minjiang River. Results showed fluorescence peaks (humic-like peaks A and C, protein-like peaks B and T) were different along the river. Peak A and peak C were more obvious at the end of dry season, while peak B and peak T were more obvious at the end of rainy season. PARAFAC produced a three-component model including two humic-like components [C1 (250-260/380-480 nm) and C2 (300-330/380-480 nm)] and one protein-like component [C3 (270-280/300-350 nm)], accounting relative intensity 48.68%-65.02% for C1, 23.17%-29.83% for C2, and 11.83%-21.53% for C3. Fluorescence components showed variations along the river more prominently in April than October, in which the most significant one was C1. Average fluorescence index (FI) values ranged from 1.4 to 1.9, indicating that DOM consisted of both autochthonous and allochthonous components. Moreover, higher degrees of humification, aromaticity and hydrophobicity were found in April than those in October, suggesting more terrigenous sources at the end of dry season and more biological sources at the end of rainy season. Additionally, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) [a(355)] correlated significantly with humic-like substance [Fn(355)], which also indicated that DOM components originated from terrigenous input in the upstream Minjiang River. The results also showed significant positive correlation between C1 and C2 in April, with no significant correlation in October, which further proved that exogenous input and seasonal variations characterized DOM sources in the upstream Minjiang River.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Catchments - Dissolution - Drought - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Organic carbon - Proteins - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Alpine rivers - Dissolved organic matters - Minjiang River - PARAFAC - Seasonal variation
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.18e+01% to 2.15e+01%, Percentage 2.32e+01% to 2.98e+01%, Percentage 4.87e+01% to 6.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802001

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20185206314839
Title:Oxidation of Humic Acid Complexing As(Ⅲ) by As(Ⅲ)-Oxidizing Bacteria
Authors:Li, Ze-Jiao (1); Cui, Yan-Shan (1); Yin, Nai-Yi (1); Cai, Xiao-Lin (1); Du, Hui-Li (1); Wang, Peng-Fei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Cui, Yan-Shan(cuiyanshan@ucas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4778-4782
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The interaction between soil arsenic and soil microorganisms has been identified as one of the important parts of the morphological transformation of soil arsenic. In order to investigate the interaction between Humic Acid complexing As(&#8546;) [HA-As(&#8546;)] and As(&#8546;)-oxidizing bacteria (HN-2), the changes in arsenic speciation in the liquid phase and the solid phase, with different pH, were studied. The results indicated there was better As(&#8546;) oxidation efficiency in the pH 7 reaction system. A part of As(&#8546;) would be discharged from the HA-As(&#8546;) solid phase during hours 0-10 in the reaction system, with or without HN-2, and meanwhile it was found that HN-2 oxidized As(&#8546;) to As(&#8548;) rapidly, while As(&#8546;) was oxidized into As(&#8548;) by HA gradually. As(&#8546;) complexing HA can be transformed into free-As(&#8546;), and then oxidized into free-As(&#8548;) by HN-2 over hours 10-24 of the reaction. The system achieved the equilibrium state after 48 h. The results of the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) further confirmed the conclusions above.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Oxidation
Controlled terms:Absorption spectra - Arsenic - Bacteria - Biological materials - Organic acids - Soils - Superconducting materials - X ray absorption - X ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Arsenic oxide - Arsenic speciation - Equilibrium state - Humic acid - Morphological transformations - Oxidation efficiency - Soil micro-organisms - X-ray absorption near-edge structure
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 708.3  Superconducting Materials - 711  Electromagnetic Waves - 711.2  Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Time 1.73e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803013

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20185206314803
Title:Association Between Fine Particulate Matter and Asthma Hospital Outpatient Visits in Hangzhou
Authors:Wang, An-Xu (1, 2); Chen, Xi (3); Song, Cong-Bo (1, 2); Ying, Song-Min (4, 5); Li, Qian (1, 2); Wu, Lin (1, 2); Mao, Hong-Jun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300350, China; (2) Center for Urban Transport Emission Research (CUTER), Nankai University, Tianjin; 300071, China; (3) Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin; 300070, China; (4) Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou; 310006, China; (5) Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou; 310031, China 
Corresponding author:Mao, Hong-Jun(hongjun_mao@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4457-4462
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the short-term effects of air pollution on asthma visits and differences in susceptibility to various groups of people, data for asthma visits from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were obtained from a Hangzhou hospital. Considering the nonlinear relationships among concentration of air pollutants, respiratory hospital outpatient visits and meteorological factors, Generalized Additive Models (GAM) and stratification analysis were used to explore the lag effects and differences in people stratifications. The natural cubic spline function was used for smoothing the average temperature, the average relative humidity and the long-term trend, using dummy variables to control the effect of the day of the week and of holidays. Correlation of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, NO<inf>2</inf> and SO<inf>2</inf> daily mean concentrations were significant (under 0.01) in Spearman correlation analysis, while the correlations of daily mean temperature and 3 pollutants were significantly negative. The lag effects of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration on outpatient visits of asthma peaked at 3-5 days. The relative risk of asthma reached maximum at lag day 5 as 1.005 6 (95% CI: 1.002 1-1.009 1), with per 10 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> increment of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration. The relative risk of asthma outpatient visits of all groups of patients were statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). The relative risk of asthma outpatient visits of males and young and middle-aged group were statistically significant at lag days 3-5, and for females and the elderly, were statistically significant at lag day 5. With the introduction of the effects of NO<inf>2</inf>, the relative risk of asthma outpatient visits increased at lag 5 day in co-pollutant models. The authors concluded that the increase of PM<inf>2.5</inf> may be related to the increase of asthma hospital outpatient visits within 3-5 days in Hangzhou, and the effects on male group and elderly group were more definite.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Diseases - Hospitals - Humidity control - Interpolation - Nitrogen oxides - Time series analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Asthma - Fine particulate matter - Generalized additive model - Meteorological factors - Natural cubic splines - Non-linear relationships - Short-term effects - Spearman correlation
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 462.2  Hospitals, Equipment and Supplies - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921.6  Numerical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.37e-02yr, Age 8.22e-03yr to 1.37e-02yr
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712090

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20185206314800
Title:Seasonal Variation and Source Analysis for PM<inf>2.5</inf>, PM<inf>1</inf> and Their Carbonaceous Components in Beijing
Authors:Fan, Xiao-Chen (1); Lang, Jian-Lei (1); Cheng, Shui-Yuan (1); Wang, Xiao-Qi (1); L&uuml;, Zhe (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Cheng, Shui-Yuan(chengsy@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4430-4438
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric particulate matter is the primary pollutant affecting the ambient air quality in most Chinese cities. In recent years, with the progress of monitoring technology and improvement in sampling equipment, the relevant research objects gradually shift from larger particle sizes (PM<inf>10</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf>) to smaller particle size (PM<inf>1</inf>). The carbonaceous component is an important part of atmospheric particulate matter. Taking Beijing as the research area, sampling for PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf> was conducted in July and October of 2016, and January and April of 2017 as representative months of four seasons. Mass concentrations and seasonal variation characteristics for PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf> were analyzed. The two-layer, nested, meteorology-air quality coupling model system (WRF-CMAQ) was used to model air circulation during the sampling period and thus analyze the source contributions for PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf>. The factor analysis method was also used to analyze the source apportionment of carbonaceous components. The results are as followed: the mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf> showed an increasing trend by spring, summer, autumn and winter. PM<inf>1</inf> was the main part of PM<inf>2.5</inf>, and with the increasing frequency of haze in autumn and winter, the mass concentration ratio of PM<inf>1</inf>/PM<inf>2.5</inf> became significantly higher. The authors contend that secondary pollution exists in Beijing's atmosphere, and SOC is more likely to accumulate in smaller particle size. Widespread coal combustion, vehicle emission, residential emission source and biomass combustion emissions are the major contributors to atmospheric particulates, while gasoline engine exhaust, diesel vehicle exhaust, biomass combustion and coal combustion emission are the main source of carbonaceous components in PM<inf>2.5</inf> and PM<inf>1</inf> in Beijing.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Air quality - Particle size
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric particulate - Atmospheric particulate matter - Carbonaceous components - Diesel vehicle exhaust - Monitoring technologies - PM2.5 - Seasonal changes - Source analysis
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20185206314834
Title:Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Stable Isotopes in Different Soil Types of a Typical Oasis
Authors:Chen, Xin (1, 2); Gong, Lu (1, 2); Li, Yang-Mei (1, 2); An, Shen-Qun (1, 2); Zhao, Jing-Jing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi; 830046, China 
Corresponding author:Gong, Lu(gonglu721@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4735-4743
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Soil organic carbon (SOC) and its stable isotope composition reflect important information on ecosystem carbon cycle. Under the background of global change, it is of great significance to study carbon dynamics and sustainable development of carbon resources in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, four soil types in Alar oasis were studied to determine SOC content and &delta;<sup>13</sup>C value at different layers, and the differences of &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf> abundance and its relationship with soil environmental factors were also discussed. Three main outcomes were drawn from the results. &#9312;The total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil was in the order of irrigated desert soil&gt;brown desert soil&gt;saline soil&gt;aeolian sandy soil, and had a higher value in the surface layer (0-20 cm layer); &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf> ranged from -26&permil;-23&permil;, the surface layer (0-20 cm) was in the order saline soil&gt;aeolian sandy soil&gt;irrigated desert soil&gt;brown desert soi. &#9313; Both SOC and &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf> were significantly affected by soil type and their interaction, and by soil depth. Furthermore, the effect test of interaction indicated that SOC was significantly impacted by environmental factors, but the impact on &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf>was relatively weak. &#9314; The results of redundancy analysis showed that SOC had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with soil inorganic carbon, total nitrogen, soil water content and bulk density, and had a significant negative correlation with C/N. There was also a significant positive correlation between &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf> and conductivity, and in addition, &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>SOC</inf> was negatively correlated with soil inorganic carbon and soil water content. The analyses showed that SOC and its isotopes changed with soil types, and that the effect of soil type was stronger than that of soil depth, which was mainly determined by soil moisture content.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Isotopes - Landforms - Redundancy - Sand - Soil moisture - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Alar oasis - Profile distributions - Redundancy analysis (RDA) - Soil organic carbon - Stable carbon isotopes
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801290

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20185206314822
Title:Characteristics of Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal by A<sup>2</sup>/O-BAF at Low Temperatures
Authors:Huang, Jian-Ming (1); Zhao, Zhi-Chao (1); Zheng, Long-Ju (2); Shao, Zhao-Wei (1); An, Fang-Jiao (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) School of Bailie Mechanical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou; 730070, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4621-4627
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Low C/N domestic sewage was treated by an A<sup>2</sup>/O-biological aerated filter (BAF) system at low temperatures (11-14&#8451;). The characteristics of pollutant removal, the ratio of denitrifying phosphorus to nitrogen (&Delta;PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>/&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>N) and effects of aeration flow and effective packing height on nitrification in BAF were studied. The results showed that when the average influent concentrations of COD, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, TN and PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup> were 193.1, 58.6, 60.3 and 5.1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> respectively, their effluent concentrations were 46.3, 2.5, 13.4 and 0.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> respectively, which met the first level A criteria specified in the discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). The linear fitting of &Delta;PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>/&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was between 0.47 and 1.75. The normal distribution of mathematical statistics was applied-and the average standard deviation for &Delta;PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>/&Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N were 1.20 and 0.29 respectively. When the aeration flows were 60 L&bull;h<sup>-1</sup> and 100 L&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, the effluent concentration of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was less than 5.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, corresponding to the effective packing heights in the BAF of 1.8 m and 1.0 m respectively. However, when the aeration flow was increased to 120 L&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, the air-water flow led to biofilm detachment, which caused the effluent concentration of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N to increase beyond 5.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Passive filters
Controlled terms:Air - Denitrification - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Filtration - Flow of water - Nitrogen removal - Normal distribution - Phosphorus - Pollution  - Sewage - Statistics - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Biological aerated filters (BAF) - Denitrifying phosphorus removal - Effective packing height - Effluent concentrations - Influent concentrations - Low C/N - Low temperatures - Municipal wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 631.1.1  Liquid Dynamics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 703.2  Electric Filters - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.1  Probability Theory - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.34e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.10e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.03e-02kg/m3, Size 1.00e+00m, Size 1.80e+00m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802127

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20185206314832
Title:Effects of Various Combinations of Fertilizer, Soil Moisture, and Temperature on Nitrogen Mineralization and Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Agricultural Soil
Authors:Tian, Fei-Fei (1); Ji, Hong-Fei (1); Wang, Le-Yun (1); Zheng, Xi-Lai (1, 2); Xin, Jia (1, 2); Nai, Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Zheng, Xi-Lai(zhxilai@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4717-4726
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An 84-day laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilizers (urea; manure), moisture conditions (60%, 75% and 90% water holding capacity) and temperatures (15, 25 and 35&#8451;) on nitrogen mineralization. The experiment included 3 treatments: &#9312;CK, unfertilized control; &#9313; Ur, adding urea at N 120 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>; &#9314; UM, adding urea and manure (equal to adding N 120 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). Total inorganic nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen (SON) were determined at different times throughout the experiment. The results showed that soil temperature and fertilization type had significant impacts on the net mineralization rates, cumulative mineralization, and the potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N<inf>0</inf>) (P&lt;0.01). In addition, the soil net N mineralization rates and cumulative mineralization significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased by 1.46-8.17 and 2.00-8.15 times, respectively, when fertilizers were added into soils. The soil net N mineralization rates and cumulative mineralization increased with the increase of temperature. Compared with CK treatment, Ur and UM treatments could significantly increase the content of soil soluble organic nitrogen(SON). There was a significant negative correlation between the content of SON and cumulative mineralization. It indicated that SON was involved in soil nitrogen mineralization as a non-negligible component. Increasing the temperature could significantly increase the mineralization rate and mineralization intensity of SON in soil, but the water content had no significant influence on the SON of the soils. Moreover, the authors found that fertilization treatment worked significantly in decreasing the Q<inf>10</inf> value for soil N mineralization compared with CK treatment. Further, the Q<inf>10</inf> value was significantly lowest in UM treatment(Q<inf>10</inf>=1.01). The results showed that the application of organic manure significantly reduced the sensitivity of the rate of nitrogen mineralization to temperature changes, which was beneficial in slowing down the release rate of mineral nitrogen under high temperatures and improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency of crops.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Mineralogy
Controlled terms:Forestry - Manures - Metabolism - Soil moisture - Urea - Urea fertilizers
Uncontrolled terms:Mineralizable nitrogens - Nitrogen mineralization - Nitrogen utilization efficiencies - Organic fertilizers - Organic nitrogen - Soil soluble organic nitrogens - Soil-nitrogen mineralization - Temperature sensitivity
Classification code:482  Mineralogy - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.30e-01yr, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801040

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20185206314808
Title:Key Production Process of Nitrous Oxide and Nitrogen Sources in Tuojia River
Authors:Zhao, Qiang (1, 2); L&uuml;, Cheng-Wen (2); Qin, Xiao-Bo (1); Wu, Hong-Bao (1); Wan, Yun-Fan (1); Liao, Yu-Lin (3); Lu, Yan-Hong (3); Li, Jian-Ling (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu; 241000, China; (3) Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha; 410125, China 
Corresponding author:Qin, Xiao-Bo(qinxiaobo@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4497-4504
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The nitrogen (N) pollution of water is a common global problem. To understand the key production process of N<inf>2</inf>O and identify the dominant N sources, Tuojia River, a typical agricultural watershed in a subtropical area, was investigated. To analyze the characteristics of dual nitrate isotopes (&delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>,&delta;<sup>18</sup>O-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) in water, and N isotope (&delta;<sup>15</sup>N<inf>org</inf>) and carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) in sediment organic matter from four reaches(S1-S4), the stable isotopes method was used. The results showed that the sources of nitrate varied significantly among river segments and were affected by agricultural production and human habitation on the land surface. The average &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in reaches S1, S2, S3, and S4 were 1.72&permil;, 2.62&permil;, 4.10&permil;, and -1.28&permil;, respectively, while the average &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were 2.60&permil;, -0.06&permil;, 0.85&permil;, and -0.62&permil;. The N in terrestrial soil made a large contribution to nitrate sources in reach S1, while soil N, ammonium N fertilizer, and manure played a main role in reaches S2 and S3. Most of the nitrate came from ammonium N fertilizer in reach S4. We also found that &delta;<sup>15</sup>N<inf>org</inf> in sediment organic matter ranged from -0.69&permil; to 11.21&permil;, and C/N was between 7.30 and 12.02. The mean &delta;<sup>15</sup>N<inf>org</inf> in reaches S1-S4 were 1.91&permil;, 2.96&permil;, 4.72&permil;, and 3.23&permil;, respectively, and the mean C/N values were 10.62, 8.63, 9.05, and 9.22, respectively. Although there were some differences in &delta;<sup>15</sup>N<inf>org</inf> among reaches S2-S4, the dominant N source was sewage in those reaches. However, soil organic matter was the main N source in the sediments of reach S1. The mean &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in reaches S1-S4 were -7.01&permil;, -0.17&permil;, -0.28&permil;, and -0.60&permil;, respectively, indicating that nitrification was the key N<inf>2</inf>O production process in these reaches. The ratios of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were 0.66, -41.01, -30.23, and 9.39 in reaches S1-S4, respectively. Finally, we found that there was a positive correlation between NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and &delta;<sup>15</sup>N-NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. To summarize, the N transformation and N<inf>2</inf>O production could be dominated by the nitrification process in Tuojia River.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Fertilizers - Isotopes - Nitrates - Nitrification - Nitrogen oxides - Organic compounds - Rivers  - Sediments - Sewage - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Agricultural watersheds - Carbon-nitrogen ratio - Nitrogen sources - Nitrous oxide - Positive correlations - Production process - Sediment organic matters
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802026

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20185206314836
Title:Persulfate Oxidation Effect of Soil Organic Pollutants by Natural Organic Matters
Authors:Liu, Qiong-Zhi (1, 2, 3); Liao, Xiao-Yong (1, 2); Li, You (1, 2, 3); Gong, Xue-Gang (1, 2, 3); Cao, Hong-Ying (1, 2); Luo, Jun-Peng (1, 2, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) School of Resources Environmental &amp; Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330038, China 
Corresponding author:Liao, Xiao-Yong(liaoxy@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4752-4758
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study explored the degradation effect and mechanism of persulfate oxidation activated by different macromolecular substances (polysaccharides, humic acid, and citric acid), combined with ferrous ions and different kinds of carbohydrate (monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide). The results showed that the oxidation effects of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by different activation treatments were in the order: humic acid combined with ferrous ion&gt;polysaccharide&gt;citric acid chelated with iron&gt;polysaccharide combined with ferrous ion&gt;disaccharides&gt;monosaccharide&gt;CK. Among them, humic acid combined with ferrous ion-activated persulfate achieved the highest removal rates (up to 79.21% and 79.89%, respectively), and also showed the weakest pollutant content rebound phenomenon. For oxidation of high-ring PAHs, humic acid combined with ferrous ion treatment and polysaccharide activation showed great advantages, with degradation rates being 77.96% and 84.37%, much higher than other treatments. Humic acid combined with ferrous ion-activated persulfate result in the highest Eh of soil (up to 618-676 mV), and polysaccharide treatment was secondary, indicating that macromolecular materials exhibited great oxidation ability and can degrade soil organic pollutants efficiently.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Chemical activation - Citric acid - Degradation - Gasoline - Glucose - Hydrocarbons - Ions - Macromolecules - Mineral oils  - Oxidation - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Activation method - Chemical oxidation - Persulfate - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Total petroleum hydrocarbons
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 523  Liquid Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.80e+01%, Percentage 7.92e+01%, Percentage 7.99e+01%, Percentage 8.44e+01%, Voltage 6.18e-01V to 6.76e-01V
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802064

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20185206314813
Title:Water Quality and Three-Dimensional Fluorescence of Stormwater Runoff from Lined Bioretention Field Cells
Authors:Lin, Xiu-Yong (1, 2); Wang, Shu-Min (1, 2); Li, Qiang (1); Xie, Yun-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Material and Restoration Technology, Yongchuan; 402160, China; (2) Department of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350116, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Shu-Min(wangshumin5103@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4539-4546
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Bioretention cells have become one of the most popular devices in urban stormwater runoff management for their high efficiency in reducing runoff volume and pollution loads. However, bioretention cells are unstable in nutrient pollutant removal, as is verified by many cases, especially at low temperatures. Dissolved organic matters (DOMs) plays an important role in denitrification, but the three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics of stormwater runoff in bioretention field cells are poorly understood, so to improve the performance of bioretention cells in nutrient pollutants control, the authors determined that it was necessary to clarify the characteristics of three-dimensional fluorescence of stormwater runoff from bioretention cells and explain their relationship to water quality. To be applicable to urban landuse in mountainous cities, two field lined bioretention cells were constructed, and, from March to April in 2017, while temperatures were still low, water quality and three-dimensional fluorescence of stormwater runoff were analyzed during low rainfall intensity precipitation events. Analysis results showed that the effluent pollutant concentrations had low fluctuation after purification by the bioretention cells, and both cells showed relatively stable removal rates for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and total phosphorus (TP; i. e., 78.38%-95.03% and 72.04%-76.04%, respectively). Analysis of fluorescence spectra showed that the DOMs in the runoff from the two cells was mostly made up of protein and humic substances, mainly of biological origin or aquatic bacterial metabolites. Both cells performed well in the removal of protein at I, protein at &#8545; and fulvic acid (i. e., the removal rates could reach 57.33%-61.30%, 29.82%-31.28%, and 35.55%-43.16% respectively). Correlation analyses between water quality and DOM showed that total Nitrogen (TN), TP and total organic carbon (TOC) were positively correlated with the protein content in runoff from the biorentention cells, while NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were negatively correlated with protein content. Meanwhile, TN was negatively correlated with DOMs in regions &#8547; and &#8548; of the cells.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Cells
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Cytology - Effluents - Fluorescence - Nutrients - Organic carbon - Proteins - Quality control - Rain - Runoff  - Storm sewers - Storms - Water pollution - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Bioretention cell - Dissolved organic matters - Pollutant concentration - Precipitation events - Rainfall runoff - Three-dimensional fluorescences - Total Organic Carbon - Urban stormwater runoff
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 445.2  Water Analysis - 452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.55e+01% to 4.32e+01%, Percentage 5.73e+01% to 6.13e+01%, Percentage 7.20e+01% to 7.60e+01%, Percentage 7.84e+01% to 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20185206314829
Title:Spatial Interpolation Methods and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals of Soil in Typical Areas
Authors:Ma, Hong-Hong (1); Yu, Tao (1); Yang, Zhong-Fang (1); Hou, Qing-Ye (1); Zeng, Qing-Liang (1); Wang, Rui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, Tao(yutao@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4684-4693
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:It is important to choose the best spatial interpolation method to reflect spatial distribution features and evaluate soil heavy metal pollution. The spatial distribution of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in top soil samples from Hubei Province were studied by four frequently-used spatial interpolation methods, including inverse distance weighted (IDW), radial basis function (RBF), local polynomial interpolation (LPI) and ordinary kriging (OK). The interpolation precision and effect of the spatial distribution of the four methods were compared with the results of cross validation and spatial distribution, and the pollution was assessed by the geoaccumulative index (I<inf>geo</inf>) and indicator kriging (IK). The results showed that the four interpolation methods had small prediction errors, but that the interpolation effects were quite different. Among them, LPI had the most serious smoothing effect, followed by OK. The IDW and RBF best retained the extreme value information for element concentrations, and interpolation results were more detailed-and so to accurately understand the distribution of soil heavy metals, IDW or RBF methods were recommended. Taking the arithmetic mean of heavy metal concentrations in deep soil of Hubei Province as the background value, the evaluation result of geo-cumulative index pollution allowed exceedance percentages for As and Cd accounted for 5.5% and 99.0% respectively. The soils of the study areas were heavily contaminated with Cd. The pollution evaluation result from IK showed that high probability contaminated areas, with moderate-heavy contamination levels, were mainly located in the central part of the study area. The authors concluded that development of agriculture in the research area should include attention to Cd pollution and that soils there required the effective treatment and restoration of Cd levels.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Cadmium compounds - Interpolation - Inverse problems - Radial basis function networks - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Cross validation - Heavy metal concentration - Inverse distance weighted - Pollution assessment - Radial Basis Function(RBF) - Soil heavy metals - Spatial interpolation - Spatial interpolation method
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 921  Mathematics - 921.6  Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.50e+00%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712185

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20185206314828
Title:Spatial-Temporal Trends and Pollution Source Analysis for Heavy Metal Contamination of Cultivated Soils in Five Major Grain Producing Regions of China
Authors:Shang, Er-Ping (1, 2); Xu, Er-Qi (1); Zhang, Hong-Qi (1); Huang, Cai-Hong (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Hong-Qi(zhanghq@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4670-4683
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Heavy metal pollution of farmland soils in China has been identified as a threat to ecosystem safety and human health. A total of 3 006 soil samples were analyzed from arable lands in five grain producing regions of China, which included data from published studies from 2000 up to now. An additional 656 historical samples were derived from the 1980s by a digitizing grained point sites map (Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg) from the PRC Atlas of Soil Environmental Background Values. A GIS-based approach and single factor index method were employed to identify the current status and spatial distribution of heavy metal (Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg) contamination in agricultural soils, and these were then compared with historical data to explore contamination trends over time. Then, based on the I<inf>geo</inf> method and the effects of the surrounding environment on contamination rates, pollution sources were analyzed. Results showed that 21.49% of the agricultural soil samples exceeded the environmental quality standard set by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. The proportions of slight, moderate, and severe pollution were 13.97%, 2.50%, and 5.02%, respectively. Pollution is more extensive in the south compared with the north. Exceedance percentages in the Sichuan Basin (SC), Yangtze River Middle Plain and Jianghuai Plain (CJ), Huang-Huai-Hai Plain (HHH), Songnen Plain (SN), and Sanjiang Plain (SJ), were 43.55%, 30.64%, 12.22%, 9.35%, and 1.67%, respectively. The main pollutants were Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Hg, with exceedance percentages of 17.39%, 8.41%, 4.04%, 2.84%, and 2.56%, respectively. Since the 1980s, heavy metal pollution has increased by 14.91%. The proportion of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Hg increased by 16.07%, 4.56%, 3.68%, 2.24%, and 1.96%, respectively. Except for SJ, exceedance percentages in cultivated land increased significantly, while the exceedance percentages of Cd, Ni, and Cu in the southern areas were higher than for the northern areas-although the growth rate of Hg and Cr in the south was lower than that in the north. The main sources of Cd and Hg were anthropogenic pollution, while the other six heavy metals were from predominantly natural sources. However, about 20.00% of Pb, Zn, and Cu were affected by anthropogenic activities. Mining, industry, and sewage water were the main sources of pollution. In addition to the larger impact of sewage irrigation in the north, other sources of pollution showed greater influence in the south. Mining mainly caused pollution by Cd, Hg, Ni, Cr, and Cu, while excessive levels of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Hg was the signature of industrial pollution. Irrigation with sewage effluent causes excessive Cd, Ni, and Zn. Results from this study provide valuable information for agricultural soil management and food safety in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:49
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Agronomy - Contamination - Effluents - Environmental protection - Fertilizers - Grain (agricultural product) - Health risks - Heavy metals - Irrigation - Land use  - Landforms - River pollution - Sewage - Soil surveys - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic activity - Anthropogenic pollution - Cultivated soils - Environmental quality standards - Heavy metal contamination - Pollution sources - Spatial temporals - Surrounding environment
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 453  Water Pollution - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.7  Health Care - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 1.49e+01%, Percentage 1.61e+01%, Percentage 1.67e+00%, Percentage 1.74e+01%, Percentage 1.96e+00%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.15e+01%, Percentage 2.24e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+00%, Percentage 2.56e+00%, Percentage 2.84e+00%, Percentage 3.06e+01%, Percentage 3.68e+00%, Percentage 4.04e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+01%, Percentage 4.56e+00%, Percentage 5.02e+00%, Percentage 8.41e+00%, Percentage 9.35e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802139

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20185206314289
Title:Mineralogy Characteristics and Heavy Metal Distribution of MSWI Fly Ash
Authors:Li, Jian-Tao (1); Zeng, Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Zeng, Ming(marczeng@yeah.net)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4834-4840
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants can be categorized as a highly toxic mineral material due to the potential for leaching heavy metals. The mineralogical properties of MSWI fly ash visually reflect the heavy metals distribution in the ash, and are closely related to the release and migration behaviors of heavy metals in fly ash disposal or utilization scenarios. In order to understand the distribution of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash and provide support for heavy metals control technology, comprehensive tests on the macroscopic and microscopic mineralogical characteristics of the fly ash were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope, a mineral liberation analysis system, and other methods. The results showed that MSWI fly ash was a heterogeneous material of closely combined mineral and non-mineral phases. The main mineral phases identified by XRD included chlorides and calcium-bearing minerals, mainly calcite and portlandite. The element distribution analysis, conducted with a mineral liberation analyzer, revealed that heavy metals of MSWI fly ash were mainly present in three forms: uniform distribution in the non-mineral amorphous phase, isomorphism in calcite and other minerals, and adsorption on the surfaces of quartz and hematite. Most content of Cu and Cr were distributed in the non-mineral phase due to their lower volatility, while most of semi-volatile heavy metals (43.92% of Zn and 60.61% of Cd) were present in mineral phases. In particular, Cd, Cr and Zn were mainly present in calcite, hematite and silicates respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Chloride minerals
Controlled terms:Calcite - Fly ash - Heavy metals - Hematite - Hydrated lime - Metal analysis - Minerals - Municipal solid waste - Scanning electron microscopy - Silicates  - Waste incineration - X ray diffraction - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Control technologies - Distribution - Element distribution analysis - Heterogeneous materials - Macroscopic and microscopic - Mineral liberation analysis - Mineralogical properties - MSWI fly ash
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 482.2  Minerals - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.3  Zinc and Alloys - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.39e+01%, Percentage 6.06e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803092

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20185206314804
Title:Hybrid Electric Bus SCR System Operation and NO<inf>x</inf> Emission Characteristics Based on Remote Communication Technology
Authors:Yang, Qiang (1); Hu, Qing-Yao (2, 3); Huang, Cheng (2, 3); Chen, Yun (4); Liu, Jia-Dong (5); Li, Li (2, 3); Xiong, Zhong-Liang (6); Tang, Wei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hangzhou Academy of Environmental Science, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (2) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai; 200233, China; (4) Hangzhou Motor Vehicle Exhaust Pollution Management Office, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (5) Hangzhou Xinxiang Qixun Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou; 310012, China; (6) Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai; 201306, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Qing-Yao(huqy@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4463-4471
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The selective catalytic reduction system (SCR) is an essential method to reduce NO<inf>x</inf>emissions from heavy-duty diesel engine-powered vehicles, which include conventional diesel buses and diesel-electric hybrid buses. Using wireless remote communication technology, the SCR system status and NOx emissions were reviewed for ten fully-operational hybrid buses from Hangzhou China in this research. Under the internal combustion engine mode, the main factors studied were vehicle speed, engine operation conditions and environment temperature, impact on the SCR catalyst outlet temperature and NO<inf>x</inf> concentration and dosing rate of the urea injector of the SCR system. The research result shows that (32.4&plusmn;4)% of the operational time of the hybrid buses with SCR system was spent in internal combustion engine mode, and under (26.9&plusmn;11)% of the operation time of this mode, the SCR system did not dose urea. The average NOx emission reduction rate of the SCR system, when operating normally with hybrid buses, is about 59%. The main reasons for the high NO<inf>x</inf> emission of the diesel-electric hybrid buses in operation condition are poor satisfaction of the requirements of the SCR system control strategy and the SCR catalyst's low temperature conversion efficiency. Whenever the speed of the hybrid buses was above 40 km&bull;h<sup>-1</sup>, the SCR catalyst outlet temperatures were higher than the 230&#8451;, and the NO<inf>x</inf> emission concentrations were significantly reduced, as the urea injector working proportion and urea quantity increased. In the winter, the SCR catalyst outlet temperature and urea injection quantity dropped with the reduced environment temperature, which led to increased NO<inf>x</inf> emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Selective catalytic reduction
Controlled terms:Buses - Catalysts - Combustion - Diesel engines - Emission control - Hybrid vehicles - Metabolism - Nitrogen oxides - Temperature - Urea
Uncontrolled terms:Environment temperature - Heavy-duty diesel engine - Hybrid - Low temperature conversions - NOx emissions - Remote communication - SCR systems - Selective catalytic reduction systems
Classification code:432  Highway Transportation - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 612.2  Diesel Engines - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.90e+01%, Velocity 1.11e+01m/s to 7.92e+04m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711188

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20185206314799
Title:Characteristics of Primary Pollutants of Air Quality in Cities Along the Taihang Mountains in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region During 2014-2016
Authors:Wang, Xiao-Yan (1); Wang, Shuai (1); Zhu, Li-Li (1); Xu, Rong (1); Li, Jian-Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jian-Jun(lijj@cnemc.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4422-4429
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Primary pollutants of air quality in Beijing, Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, and Handan cities along the Taihang Mountains were analyzed to investigate their spatial distribution characteristics and temporal variation trends during 2014-2016. The results showed that the primary pollutants were ranked as PM<inf>2.5</inf>, O<inf>3</inf>-8h, NO<inf>2</inf> and PM<inf>10</inf> from most to least important in Beijing, and PM<inf>2.5</inf>, PM<inf>10</inf>, O<inf>3</inf>-8h, NO<inf>2</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf> and CO in the other four cities. Three-year average percentages of days with PM<inf>2.5</inf> as the primary pollutant in each city were similar (53.3%-58.1%), however, percentages of days with PM<inf>10</inf> as primary pollutant increased, while percentages of O<inf>3</inf>-8h decreased basically, from north to south. Except for Handan with a significant descending trend, percentages of days with PM<inf>2.5</inf> as primary pollutant varied slightly in the other four cities during the study period, and percentages of O<inf>3</inf>-8h of Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and Handan increased significantly in 2016. Percentages of NO<inf>2</inf> slightly declined year by year in Beijing, and the other four cities mainly showed the opposite trend. Monthly variation curves of days with PM<inf>2.5</inf> and O<inf>3</inf>-8h as primary pollutants showed "W" and "inverted U" types respectively, while the high value interval of days with PM<inf>10</inf> as primary pollutant occurred between March and May. With the exception of Beijing, peak of monthly variation curves for days with NO<inf>2</inf> as the primary pollutant was occurred in October in the other four cities. From "moderate" to "hazardous" levels for air quality, the percentages of days with PM<inf>2.5</inf> and/or PM<inf>10</inf> as primary pollutants increased level by level, with percentages of PM<inf>10</inf> trending downwards and PM<inf>2.5</inf> upwards. Meanwhile, days with O<inf>3</inf>-8h as the primary pollutant mostly appeared in the range between "moderate" and "unhealthy" levels, and NO<inf>2</inf> was only prominent in "moderate" level.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Air quality
Controlled terms:Landforms - Nitrogen oxides
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing-tianjin-hebei regions - Distribution characteristics - Handan city - Primary pollutants - Taihang Mountains - Temporal variation - Variation characteristics
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 481.1  Geology - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.33e+01% to 5.81e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801100

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20185206314817
Title:Control of Coagulant Dosing for Humic Substances Based on Ultraviolet Spectrum Analysis
Authors:Zhang, Bei-Chen (1); Zhang, Xiao-Lei (1); Qin, Lan-Lan (1); Huang, Hai-Ou (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Hai-Ou(huanghaiou@bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4576-4583
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Humic substance (HS) is a main component of dissolved organic matter in the aquatic environment and significantly affects water treatment processes. To investigate the applicability and principle of UV spectrum analysis for coagulation control, laboratory jar tests were conducted with synthetic waters that had varying concentrations of HS and kaolinite. Thus, the influence of water quality conditions on the optimal coagulant dose (OCD) was determined and further correlated to Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA<inf>254</inf>) and the ultraviolet spectral slopes of the coagulated water. Subsequently, the relationship between the UV spectral slopes and organic fractionation was further identified by using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The results showed that the coagulant demands of the synthetic waters were positively related to dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Consequently, a stoichiometric relationship (0.61 mg&bull;mg<sup>-1</sup> calculated as Al/DOC) was found between the coagulant demand and initial DOC of the synthetic water. As the coagulant dose increased, SUVA<inf>254</inf> decreased from 8.9 L&bull;(mg&bull;m)<sup>-1</sup> to a steady level of 2.0 L&bull;(mg&bull;m)<sup>-1</sup> and the removal efficiency of DOC was positively correlated with SUVA<inf>254</inf>. Spectral slopes in different wavelength ranges had showed similar tendencies, with S<inf>275-295</inf>having the best correlation with SUVA<inf>254</inf> (R<sup>2</sup>=0.81). Furthermore, SEC results demonstrated that coagulation preferentially removed humic substances, leading to reduced humification. As a result, S<inf>275-295</inf> had the highest correlation with the portion of UVA<inf>254</inf> contributed by humic substances in water. Therefore, online measurement of ultraviolet spectral slopes was an important aspect in the control of coagulant dosing.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Chemical water treatment - Coagulation - Kaolinite - Organic carbon - Size exclusion chromatography - Spectrum analysis - Ultraviolet spectroscopy - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic carbon - Dissolved organic matters - Fraction - Humic acid - On-line controls - Specific ultraviolet absorbance - Ultra-violet spectrums - Ultraviolet spectrum analysis
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 482.2  Minerals - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801187

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20185206314807
Title:Characteristics of Nitrogen Deposition in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve
Authors:Song, Lei (1); Tian, Peng (1); Zhang, Jin-Bo (2); Jin, Guang-Ze (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin; 150040, China; (2) School of Geography Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, Guang-Ze(taxus@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4490-4496
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the nitrogen deposition status in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve, a G78 nitrogen deposition collector was used to monitor dry particulate nitrogen deposition and wet nitrogen deposition during the growing season in 2015, and a bucket was used to monitor bulk nitrogen deposition during non-growing season. The results showed that: &#9312;Total nitrogen deposition (wet nitrogen deposition+dry particulate nitrogen deposition during the growing season and bulk deposition during the non-growing season) was 12.93 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, inorganic nitrogen deposition was 8.27 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup> with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> ratio of 1.3; organic nitrogen deposition was 4.66 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, which was equivalent to 36.0% of the total nitrogen deposition. &#9313;Total nitrogen deposition in the growing season (wet+dry particulate deposition) and non-growing season (bulk deposition) were 11.42 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> and 1.51 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>respectively, which account for 88.3% and 11.7% of the total nitrogen deposition respectively. &#9314;Total wet nitrogen deposition during the growing season was 9.28 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, contributing to 81.3% of the total nitrogen deposition in the growing season, and was positively correlated with precipitation (R<sup>2</sup>=0.87, P&lt;0.001); total dry particulate nitrogen deposition in the growing season was 2.14 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, which was 18.7% of the total nitrogen deposition in growing season. Wet nitrogen deposition in this region is moderate compared with other regions in China, and is significantly affected by precipitation. There is a potential risk of environmental pollution in this region. Thus, environmental protection and water quality monitoring are required in the process of production.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Inorganic nitrogen - Nature reserves - Organic nitrogen - Particulate deposition - Wet deposition
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 1.87e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 8.13e+01%, Percentage 8.83e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801215

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20185206314802
Title:Analysis of Non-polar Organic Compounds in PM<inf>2.5</inf> by Rapid Thermo-desorption Method Coupled with GC/MS
Authors:Ma, Ying-Ge (1, 2); Wu, Xia (1, 2, 3); Peng, Meng-Meng (1, 2, 3); Feng, Jia-Liang (3); Yu, Jian-Zhen (4); Qiao, Li-Ping (1, 2); Zhou, Min (1, 2); Zhu, Shu-Hui (1, 2); Li, Li (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) School of Environmental and Chemical Enginnering, Shanghai University, Shanghai; 200444, China; (4) Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science &amp; Technology, Hong Kong 
Corresponding author:Li, Li(lily@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4446-4456
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Non-polar organic compounds (NPOCs) associated with PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the atmosphere were analyzed by automated thermo-desorption (TD) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). The analyses for a total of 72 NPOCs were reviewed, including 34 PAHs, one Debenzothiophene, 27 alkanes (C<inf>10</inf>-C<inf>34</inf>), 5 hopanes and 5 steranes. Through this improved TD method, operation of filter loadings, TD condition and sample introduction were optimized. The MDL were 0.01-1.0, 0.1-8.0 and 0.50-2.0 ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> for PAHs, alkanes, hopanes and steranes, respectively. Calibration curve linearities were above 0.9 for all compounds. The TD efficiencies were 95%-100% for PAHs, 81%-100% for alkanes and 83.1%-100% for hopanes and steranes. PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were pretreated by TD and ultrasonic extraction methods separately and analyzed by GC/MS in two laboratories. Results from these two methods were comparable, as the relative biases were less than 30% for most compounds. Analysis results of PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples from Linan and Shanghai showed that NPOCs were higher in winter than that in summer. Alkanes were predominant among NPOCs, followed by PAHs. Source analysis by PAH characteristic ratios indicated that fossil fuel burning and coal burning were the main sources of NPOCs in the two sites during the sampling periods.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Chromatographic analysis - Extraction - Fossil fuels - Gas chromatography - Paraffins - Thermal desorption
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristic ratio - Chemical compositions - Fine particles - Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry - Non-polar organic compounds - Sample introduction - Source analysis - Ultrasonic extraction
Classification code:454  Environmental Engineering - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 8.10e+01% to 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.31e+01% to 1.00e+02%, Percentage 9.50e+01% to 1.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801294

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20185206314814
Title:Nitrate-Nitrogen Pollution Sources of an Underground River in Karst Agricultural Area Using <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>18</sup>O Isotope Technique
Authors:Sheng, Ting (1, 2); Yang, Ping-Heng (1, 2); Xie, Guo-Wen (1, 2); Hong, Ai-Hua (3); Cao, Cong (3); Xie, Shi-You (1, 2); Shi, Wei-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Field Scientific Observation &amp; Research Base of Karst Eco-environments at Nanchuan in Chongqing, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chongqing; 400715, China; (3) Laboratory of Chongqing Groundwater Resource Utilization and Environmental Protection, Nanjiang Hydrogeological Team, Chongqing Geological Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration, Chongqing; 401121, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Ping-Heng(pinghengyang@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4547-4555
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The objectives of this study were to reveal the sources of nitrate and the ratio of karst in an agricultural basin based on a <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>18</sup>O isotope technique and quantitative calculation of the IsoSource model. From May to October 2017, six sampling points in the Qingmuguan river basin, Chongqing, were monitored every 24 d. Results showed that there was a great risk of nitrate pollution in the underground river system, because most NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations of the sampling points exceeded the threshold. Spatially, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations in the underground river increased from upstream to downstream. Temporally, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations of Fishpond and Yankou Ponor upstream and Jiangjia Spring downstream were impacted by agricultural fertilizer from May to June and fluctuated from June to September due to precipitation. With decreased agricultural activities, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations gradually decreased after September. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations were high in midstream soil water. Daluchi, in the middle and lower reaches, maintained relatively low NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations with stable fluctuations. Dual <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>18</sup>O isotopic compositions suggested that the upstream nitrates were derived from soil organic nitrogen and a mixture of manure and sewage. The midstream nitrates originated from soil organic nitrogen and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> from fertilizer and rain. Nitrates in the middle and lower reaches were derived from the mixing of manure and sewage, soil organic nitrogen, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> from fertilizer and rain. Jiangjia Spring, the outlet of the underground river, was seriously polluted by nitrates. It is believed that soil organic nitrogen, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> in fertilizer and rain, the mixing of manure and sewage, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in precipitation were the main nitrate sources in the outlet. Nitrate source contribution of the outlet was calculated with the IsoSource model. The calculation results showed that manure and sewage, soil organic nitrogen, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> in fertilizer and rain, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in precipitation contributed 46.4%, 32.6%, 18.6%, and 2.4%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Isotopes - Landforms - Manures - Mixing - Nitrates - Nitrogen fertilizers - Rain  - Rivers - Sewage - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural activities - Calculation results - Chongqing - Isotopic composition - Karst groundwater - Nitrate pollution - Oxygen isotopes - Quantitative calculation
Classification code:443.3  Precipitation - 444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.86e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+00%, Percentage 3.26e+01%, Percentage 4.64e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804046

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20185206314810
Title:Physiological Responses of Ryegrass in Cadmium-Nonylphenol Co-contaminated Water and the Phytoremediation Effects
Authors:Shi, Guang-Yu (1, 2); Li, Zhong-Yi (1); Zhang, Lu (2); Cheng, Yuan-Yuan (1); Chen, Hong-Wei (3); Shi, Wei-Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Wei-Lin(weilin-shi@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4512-4518
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Physiological responses of ryegrass in cadmium-nonylphenol (Cd-NP) co-contaminated water, as well as the phytoremediation effect were studied under laboratory conditions. The experiment revealed that the biomass and chlorophyll content of ryegrass significantly declined at high concentrations of Cd<sup>2+</sup>(10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), while POD and PPO activities significantly increased. No significant changes to the biomass, chlorophyll content and MDA of ryegrass were observed in the presence of NP. POD activities significantly increased at high concentrations of NP (5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). The addition of high NP concentrate reduced the inhibition of Cd under co-contaminated stress, the MDA content and PPO activities both reduced. The experiment also revealed that the removal rate of Cd<sup>2+</sup> by ryegrass reached 55.3% after 12 h. The absorption efficiency was improved by high NP concentration. Absorption efficiency of Cd<sup>2+</sup> by the subterranean part of the plant significantly increased in presence of NP, and the absorption efficiency increased with the increase of NP concentration. The absorption rate of NP was 44.6% after 24 h at NP concentration of 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The removal rate was slightly influenced at low concentrations of Cd<sup>2+</sup>, but significant inhibition of absorption and degradation was observed at high concentrations of Cd<sup>2+</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Physiological models
Controlled terms:Bioremediation - Cadmium - Chlorophyll - Efficiency - Phenols - Physiology - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption efficiency - Chlorophyll contents - Laboratory conditions - Low concentrations - Nonylphenols - Physiological response - Phytoremediation - Ryegrass
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.9  Biology - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 4.46e+01%, Percentage 5.53e+01%, Time 4.32e+04s, Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712234

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20185206314815
Title:Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Landfill Groundwater
Authors:Peng, Li (1); Yu, Min-Da (2, 3); He, Xiao-Song (2, 3); Liu, Si-Jia (2, 3); Zhang, Peng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Technical Services Section, Chongqing Municipal and Environmental Sanitation Monitoring Department, Chongqing; 401121, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Peng(shuye80@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4556-4564
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Landfills have been the most common methods of organized waste disposal in China posing an incredible groundwater pollution threat. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be used to trace the source, species and migration of contaminants in groundwater, and the investigations of its composition, structure, and distribution play a role in environmental protection. This study investigated the DOM source, composition, and molecular structure in groundwater at landfills for different years of operation, and explored the dynamics of groundwater DOM evolution over time, usingmodern spectroscopy in combination with multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that DOM in landfill groundwater was initially dominated by outputs from microbial activities, and this was followed by autogenous terrigenous input. In the early stages of landfilling, the DOM of microbial origin was significant; however, towards the late stages of landfilling, the presence of microbial DOM has weakened. The groundwater DOM with short landfill times were mainly composed of newly produced tryptophan and tyrosine, which had low humification, aromaticity, and molecular weight. Microbial activity was strong, and while there were initial, significant differences between sampling points, evidence of its presence could be used for early warning of contamination and monitoring should be conducted for its presence. Microbial activity weakened with longer landfill operation time, landfill waste tended towards stability, and the DOM in groundwater with high humification, aromaticity and molecular weight, was able to reduce the landfill impact on groundwater.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Groundwater pollution
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biodegradation - Biogeochemistry - Dissolution - Groundwater - Land fill - Molecular weight - Multivariant analysis - Organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Fluorescence spectra - Landfill operations - Microbial activities - Multivariate statistical analysis - Source - Spectral characteristics - Terrigenous inputs
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922  Statistical Methods - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802136

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20185206314833
Title:Long-term Fertilization Effects on the Abundance of Complete Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria(Comammox Nitrospira) in a Neutral Paddy Soil
Authors:Wang, Mei (1); Wang, Zhi-Hui (1); Shi, Xiao-Jun (1); Jiang, Xian-Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Xian-Jun(jiangxj@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4727-4734
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The discovery of the complete ammonia-oxidizing microbes, Comammox Nitrospira, had fundamentally changed our perspective on traditional nitrification. The microbe also played a potentially under-appreciated role in the biogeochemical N cycle and provided a new dimension for the research of nitrification. To investigate the abundance of Comammox in different ecosystems was urgently needed. In the present study, three treatments with different quantities of fertilization in a paddy soil (blank control, NPK and 1.5 NPKS) to investigate the nitrification and amoA gene abundance for nitrifying microorganisms, especially for the complete ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Comammox Nitrospira). The results showed that: &#9312; Both Comammox Clade A and Comammox Clade B were detected in all three treatments, and the abundance of Comammox Clade A were 9.0&times;10<sup>7</sup>, 1.7&times;10<sup>8</sup>, 7.2&times;10<sup>8</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry soil), respectively, and for Comammox Clade B were 1.5&times;10<sup>7</sup>, 1.2&times;10<sup>7</sup>, 1.7&times;10<sup>7</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry soil), respectively. &#9313; The abundances of both ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA)in the three fertilizers was 1.5&times;10<sup>7</sup>-1.2&times;10<sup>8</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry soil), and the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the three fertilizers was 2.0&times;10<sup>5</sup>-9.3&times;10<sup>7</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> (dry soil), lower than the abundance of the Comammox. The ratio of Comammox to AOA was 7.2, and the ratio for Comammox to AOB was 524.4 for blank control, were greater than NPK and 1.5 NPKS treatments. &#9314; The ratio of Comammox Clade A to Comammox Clade B showed an increasing trend with the increase in fertilizer application, at 6.1, 14.4 and 43.1, respectively. &#9315; For NPK and 1.5 NPKS treatments, Comammox Clade A amoA gene copies were 1.9 and 8.0 times higher than that of the blank control treatment respectively, and the numbers for AOA significantly increased to 3.2 and 7.2 times that of the blank control. The AOB gene copy numbers increased by two orders of magnitude compared with the blank control. In addition, the nitrification potential increased with the increase in N fertilizer application; however, the effects of different fertilizer treatments on Comammox Clade B were not significant. Results indicated that Comammox was widely distributed in the neutral purple paddy soil and was higher in abundance than AOA or AOB, which implied that Comammox-especially Clade A-may contribute to the nitrification of paddy soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Fertilizers - Genes - Nitrification - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Fertilizer applications - Long-term fertilization - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Nitrogen cycles - Nitrospira - Paddy soils
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802032

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20185206314796
Title:Temporal Variation, Spatial Distribution, and Reactivity Characteristics of Air VOCs in Beijing 2015
Authors:Zhang, Bo-Tao (1, 2); An, Xin-Xin (1, 2); Wang, Qin (1, 2); Yan, He (1, 2); Liu, Bao-Xian (1, 2); Zhang, Da-Wei (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Monitoring Center, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Airbome Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology, Beijing; 100048, China; (3) Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Bao-Xian(liubaoxian28@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4400-4407
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In 2015, continuous volatile organic compound (VOC) monitoring was conducted for Dongsi (urban site), the southeast boundary site Yongledian, and Dingling (background site). The average annual mole fraction of atmospheric VOCs in urban areas was(48.93&plusmn;31.03)&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, the average annual mole fraction of the southeast boundary was (54.55&plusmn;39.64)&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, and the average annual mole fraction for the background site was(28.25&plusmn;21.26)&times;10<sup>-9</sup>. Considering VOC components, alkanes occupy the highest proportion, followed by oxygen-containing VOCs, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and acetylene. VOC concentration was higher in winter, lower in summer, higher at night and lower in the daytime. The concentration of acetylene in urban areas was higher in spring, summer and autumn, but higher in winter at the southeast boundary site. However, in the background, a small amount of direct anthropogenic interference was detectable, with the concentration of oxygen VOCs higher at noon and in summer. The species with high mole fractions in the VOCs were identified as mainly ethane, acetylene, ethylene, acetaldehyde, propane, acetone, n-butane, dichloromethane, and other low-carbon substances. The concentrations of benzene and toluene in the high-carbon group was relatively high. From the toluene/benzene ratio, it was found that Beijing VOCs were influenced by many sources other than transportation. However, the ratio of ethane/acetylene has been found to be significantly dependent on the aging of air mass in Beijing, with the southeast boundary particularly affected by movement of the aging air mass. Changes in the ratio of isopentane/TVOC showed that high summer temperature enhanced gasoline volatilization. The southeastern boundary point of OFP was the highest, followed by the urban area, with Dingling lower. The species with greater contribution to OFP were ethylene, propylene, acetaldehyde, paraxylene and toluene, with the higher mole fraction of alkanes making little contribution to OFP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Urban growth
Controlled terms:Acetaldehyde - Acetone - Acetylene - Carbon - Dichloromethane - Ethane - Ethylene - Lighting - Oxygen - Spatial distribution  - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Anthropogenic interference - Beijing - Benzene and Toluene - Halogenated hydrocarbons - Summer temperature - Temporal variation - Toluene/benzene ratio - Volatile organic compound (VOC)
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801296

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20185206314827
Title:Rapid Improvement of Denitrification Performance of Embedded Activated Sludge and Community Analysis
Authors:Yang, Hong (1); Xu, Fu (1); Meng, Chen (1); Su, Shan (1); Yuan, Xing (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100124, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4661-4669
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The purpose of this study was to rapidly improve the denitrification packing activity in the denitrification pond sludge of sewage plants, to realize the engineering application of embedding immobilization, and to explore the characteristics of the microbial community of the embedding packing. The effects of different C/N ratios, temperature, and pH on the activity of embedding filler were studied by batch experiments, and the biological community characteristics of embedding filler were studied by high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that the embedding packing in C/N to 10, the temperature of 30&#8451;, and pH of 7.5&plusmn;0.3, resumed 5.37 mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> of the initial activity after 7 days. Under the optimized culture conditions of C/N ratio of 10, temperature of 25&#8451;, and pH of 8.0, the specific rate of denitrification can be increased by 15 times to 80.17 mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> after 15 days, and stabilized at that level. SEM results showed that there were a large number of mass transfer channels inside the embedding fillers, and that the bacteria grew well as clusters in the encapsulated fillers. The high throughput sequencing showed that the denitrifying function of Thauera and Thermomonas were 24.27% and 8.23% respectively, which ensured the high efficiency of denitrifying nitrogen removal. The rapid proliferation of Thauera dominant bacteria and Thermomonas under optimal culture conditions was the main reason for the rapid increase of packing activity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Fillers - Mass transfer - Nitrogen removal - Packing plants - Sewage - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Community analysis - Denitrification rate - Engineering applications - High-throughput sequencing - Mass transfer channels - Microbial communities - Optimized culture conditions - Sludge fermentation
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 641.3  Mass Transfer - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 822.1  Food Products Plants and Equipment
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.92e-02yr, Age 4.11e-02yr, Percentage 2.43e+01%, Percentage 8.23e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801064

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20185206314824
Title:Microbial Community Characteristics of Shortcut Nitrification Start-up in Different MBR-Inoculated Sludges
Authors:Wu, Peng (1, 2, 3, 4); Chen, Ya (1); Zhang, Ting (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3, 4); Xu, Yue-Zhong (1, 2, 3, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou; 215009, China; (4) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, Yao-Liang(ylshenniu@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4636-4643
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to clarify the microbial community characteristics of the shortcut nitrification start-up with different inoculated sludges in the membrane bioreactor (MBR), the MBR was inoculated with nitrification sludge (R1), anaerobic nitrification sludge (R2) and 1: 1 mixed inoculated anaerobic nitrification and denitrification sludge (R3). The results showed that the combination of intermittent aeration and shortened hydraulic retention time (HRT) successfully achieved the shortcut nitrification by R1, R2 and R3 reactors after 46 d, 8 d and 30 d respectively, with the R2 reactor exhibiting the shortest start-up period. During stable operations, the average nitrite accumulation rates of R1, R2 and R3 reactors were 92%, 93% and 94% respectively, and the R3 reactor showed a more stable shortcut nitrification. The results of analyses using ACE, Chao, Shannon, and Simpson diversity indices showed that the microbial abundance and diversity levels of R1 and R2 were significantly lower than that of the inoculant during the stable operation period, while the species abundance in the R3 reactor was slightly reduced and the diversity level was slightly changed. The main bacteria in the three reactors were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes after the successful start-up of shortcut nitrification, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased compared with the inoculated sludge. Proteobacteria were the main denitrifying bacteria, with &beta;-Proteobacteria being the dominant bacteria of the shortcut nitrification system in the three reactors, accounting for 59.6%, 63.6% and 69.3% respectively. Through further analysis, the next dominant bacteria in R1, R2 and R3 were all Nitrosomonas, with 12.8%, 20.2% and 19.7% respectively. Compared with the R1 reactor, there was a certain proportion of shortcut nitrification bacteria in the sludge of the R2 and R3 reactors, which was more favorable to the operation of the shortcut nitrification system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Nitrification
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Bioreactors - Denitrification - Nitration - Reactor startup
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic nitrification - Denitrifying bacteria - Hydraulic retention time - Inoculated sludge - Intermittent aeration - Membrane bio reactor (MBR) - Microbial communities - Shortcut nitrification
Classification code:621  Nuclear Reactors - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.28e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 2.02e+01%, Percentage 5.96e+01%, Percentage 6.36e+01%, Percentage 6.93e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802040

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20185206314820
Title:Effect of Magnetic Chitosan Hydrogel Beads with Immobilized Feammox Bacteria on the Removal of Ammonium from Wastewater
Authors:Liu, Zhi-Wen (1, 2); Chen, Chen (2); Peng, Xiao-Chun (2); Xie, Wu-Ming (1); Huang, Zhen-Yang (2, 3); Han, Qing-Ji (2, 4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510535, China; (3) Guangdong Province Vocational School of Oceanographic Engineering, Guangzhou; 510320, China; (4) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an; 710054, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Xiao-Chun(pengxiaochun@scies.org)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4601-4611
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The bacterial reaction of ammonium oxidation coupling with iron reduction (Feammox) has been discovered recently. To improve the ammonium removal efficiency from wastewater of Feammox bacteria, magnetic chitosan hydrogel beads (MCHBs) were prepared via sodium hydroxide co-precipitating-sol-gel method, Feammox bacteria were immobilized to 1-5 mm MCHBs, and the ammonium removal efficiency by MCHBs-Feammox bacteria was compared to free-Feammox bacteria. In addition, the influences of initial ammonium concentration, pH and temperature were assessed. The results showed that the MCHBs were ferromagnetic and exhibited high crystallinity, with the magnetization of saturation of 29.46 emu&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>. The average rates of ammonia oxidation and iron reduction increased by 42.96% and 20.75% after Feammox bacteria immobilization, respectively, and the most significant effect was observed on 1-2 mm MCHBs-Feammox bacteria (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, 1-2 mm MCHBs immobilized bacteria worked in less favorable matrix concentrations, temperatures, and pH. Particularly, it could maintain high ammonium removal efficiency with 60.00 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> initial ammonium concentration, 25&#8451; temperature and 4.50 pH. In addition, nitrate and ferrous ions were detected in the system. The highest ammonium removal rate occurred on day 16, reaching 53.62%. These results indicated that MCHBs immobilization can improve the ammonium removal efficiency of Feammox.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Chitosan - Efficiency - Hydrogels - Iron - Oxidation - Radioactive waste vitrification - Saturation magnetization - Sodium hydroxide - Sol-gel process  - Sol-gels
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium concentrations - Ammonium removal - Bacteria immobilization - High crystallinity - Immobilized bacteria - Iron reduction - Magnetic chitosan - Magnetization of saturation
Classification code:545.1  Iron - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 812.3  Glass - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 6.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.08e+01%, Percentage 4.30e+01%, Percentage 5.36e+01%, Size 1.00e-03m to 2.00e-03m, Size 1.00e-03m to 5.00e-03m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801156

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20185206314842
Title:Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of a 17β-estradiol Degrading Strain Fusarium sp. KY123915
Authors:Wu, Man-Li (1); Zhu, Chang-Cheng (1); Qi, Yan-Yun (1); Shi, Yi-Xin (1); Xu, Hui-Ning (1); Yang, Jin-Ru (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; Shaanxi Province; 710055, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4802-4808
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A 17&beta;-estradiol (E2) degrading strain (designated as Wu-SP1) was isolated from the activated sludge collected from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Xi'an. The strain was identified as Fusarium sp. according to 18S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The optimal pH and temperature for E2 degradation were 6 and 30&#8451;, respectively. Under these conditions, the E2 biodegradation rate of 2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> E2 amounted to 92.5% within 48 h by this strain. The kinetics of E2 degradation by the strain KY123915 were in good accord with the first-order equation, with the concentration ranged from 10 to 500 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. UV spectrum analysis showed the strength of maximum absorption of metabolites became weak compared to E2, indicating that E2 may be degraded via estrone (E1) by Fusarium sp. KY123915.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Biodegradation
Controlled terms:Absorption spectroscopy - Activated sludge process - Fungi - Spectrum analysis - Ultraviolet spectroscopy - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge - Biodegradation rate - Degradation characteristics - Degrading bacteria - First order equations - Fusarium sp - Phylogenetic analysis - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.8  Biotechnology
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 5.00e-01kg/m3, Percentage 9.25e+01%, Time 1.73e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711077

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20185206314811
Title:Analysis of Absorption Characteristics of Urban Black-odor Water
Authors:Ding, Xiao-Lei (1); Li, Yun-Mei (1); L&uuml;, Heng (1); Zhu, Li (2); Wen, Shuang (1); Lei, Shao-Hua (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Satellite Environment Application Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Yun-Mei(liyunmei@njnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4519-4529
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The urban black-odor water body has become a serious problem of urban water environment and identifying their optical characteristics in urban areas is the prerequisite and basis for their detection by remote sensing. A total of 85 samples of urban black-odor water, from Changsha, Nanjing, and Wuxi, were collected from 2016 to 2017, and a total of 80 samples were collected from non-black-odor (smelly) water samples. The water quality parameters such as suspended matter and the absorption coefficient were measured. The results showed that: &#9312;The total black-odor water body particulate matter absorption coefficients and non-pigmented particulate matter absorption coefficients were generally higher than those for non-black-odor water bodies and they had a certain degree of discrimination at 440 nm, but their effect was not significant. The absorption of relatively high levels of particulate matter in black-odor water was mainly due to high absorption of non-pigmented particles. In the data collected, non-pigmented particles in black-odor water accounted for more than 50% of the total particles. &#9313; The Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) absorption coefficients for black-odor water bodies and non-black-odor water bodies differed. The average absorption coefficient of CDOM at 440 nm for black-odor water bodies was 1.7 times higher than that for non-black-odor water bodies. Thus, the black-odor water body can be distinguished by using the slope of the absorption coefficient curve fitted in the characteristic wavelength band of 440 nm, as well as in different wavelength bands; the overall effect is good. However, as the wavelength increases, the discrimination effect decreases. Analysis of the absorption characteristics of urban black-odor water bodies will provide effective technical support for their detection by remote sensing and supervision, and the density of CDOM in black-odor water was generally high, which could be used as an important reference for identification.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Water absorption
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Particles (particulate matter) - Remote sensing - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption characteristics - Black-odor waters - CDOM - Spectral slopes - Water color - Water quality parameters
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01%, Size 4.40e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802014

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20185206314798
Title:Content Levels and Compositions Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)Emission from Architectural Coatings Based on Actual Measurement
Authors:Gao, Mei-Ping (1); Deng, Zi-Yu (2); Nie, Lei (1); Shao, Xia (1); An, Xiao-Shuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (2) School of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Nie, Lei(nielei@cee.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4414-4421
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The content levels and composition characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from architectural coatings including interior wall coatings, exterior wall coatings, waterproofing coatings, anticorrosive coatings and floor coatings were investigated in this study. Architectural coating samples were obtained from manufacturers and retail outlets and the associated VOC contents and compositions were determined based on the domestic standard methods for measurement of VOCs in architectural coatings.The results showed that the VOC contents were 0-145 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>and 0-171 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for interior and exterior wall coatings respectively. The proportion of samples that met the standards of HJ 2537-2014 were 90%, 80%, 96% and 94% for interior wall finishing coats, interior wall primary coats, exterior wall finishing coats and exterior wall primary coats respectively.The VOC content was found to be less than 10 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for more than 90% of polymer-cement based waterproof coatings and acrylate polymer emulsion waterproof coatings respectively, and 1-324 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for polyurethane waterproof coatings. The VOC contents for solvent-based coatings were found to be generally high, with VOC contents ranging from between 291-681 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 16-580 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for solvent-based anticorrosive coatings and solvent-based floor coatings respectively, with great variation shown between different compositions and brands. The 1,2-propanediol and ethylene glycol were the most VOC in water-based coatings with methanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol equal second. The main VOCs in solvent-based coatings were toluene, ethyl benzene, xylenes (total), ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Waterproof coatings
Controlled terms:Architecture - Corrosion resistant coatings - Emulsification - Ethylene - Ethylene glycol - Floors - Gas chromatography - Organic solvents - Plastic coatings - Volatile organic compounds  - Waterproof cement - Waterproofing
Uncontrolled terms:2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol - Actual measurements - Anti-corrosive coatings - Architectural coatings - Composition characteristics - Content level - Solvent-based coatings - Water-based coating
Classification code:402  Buildings and Towers - 412.1  Cement - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.2  Coating Materials
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.91e+02kg/m3 to 6.81e+02kg/m3, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712038

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20185206314838
Title:Key Bacteria for the Microbial Degradation of Pollutants in Cellar Water
Authors:Yang, Hao (1, 2); Yang, Xiao-Ni (3); Zhang, Guo-Zhen (1, 2); Wang, Bao-Shan (1, 2); Zhang, Xiang (1); Li, Jian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Engineering Research Center for Cold and Arid Regions Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (3) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou; 730070, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Guo-Zhen(guozhenzhang126@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4766-4777
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study aimed to identify the key bacteria and the potential interactions among these bacteria during the degradation of pollutants in cellar water, The main pollution characteristics were nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollution. The structure and function of the bacterial community and its correlation with water quality variables were analyzed. A network of seven associations of microbial co-occurrence was set up, based on 16S rRNA and the model for inferring co-occurrence or interspecific interactions of microbial species. This showed that there were a large number of microorganisms with relatively specific ecological functions in the cellar water, and that many metabolic activities were involved. The ecological relationships of most bacteria in the association network were a form of mutualism. The most prominent genera included Lacibacter, Arthrobacter, Candidatus Protochlamydia, Methylocaldum, Sulfuritalea, Mycobacterium, Aquirestis, Rhodobacter, and, Methylotenera. The strong associations were observed between following bacteria: Sulfuritalea-Rhodobacter, Azospirillum-Rhodobacter, Methylocaldum-Rhodobacter, Arthrobacter-Rhodobacter, Rhodoplanes-Rhodobacter, Candidatus Protochlamydia-Rhodobacter, Methylotenera-Rhodobacter, Rhodobacter-Aquirestis, Mycobacterium-Rhodobacter, Planctomyces-Candidatus Solibacter, Planctomyces-Legionella, Hymenobacter-Adhaeribacter, and Luteolibacter-Crenothrix. It was considered that Rhodobacter, Methylocaldum, Methylotenera, Acinetobacter, Novosphingobium, Planctomyces, Hymenobacter, and Luteolibacter were the key bacteria involved in microbial degradation of cellar water pollutants, and Rhodobacter was the representative genus of the key bacteria. The authors concluded that the research results improved understanding of the microbial degradation mechanism of pollutants in cellar water.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Association reactions - Biodegradation - Degradation - RNA - Water pollution - Water quality - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Co-occurrence - Community complexity - Degradation of pollutants - Ecological relationships - Functional genes - Interspecific interactions - Microbial degradation - Water quality variables
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8  Biotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711123

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20185206314806
Title:Characteristics and Sources of Atmospheric Inorganic Nitrogen Wet Deposition in Xueyu Cave Watershed, Outer Suburbs of Chongqing City
Authors:Duan, Shi-Hui (1); Jiang, Yong-Jun (1); Zhang, Yuan-Zhu (1); Hu, Liu-Chan (1); Zeng, Ze (1); L&uuml;, Xian-Fu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Yong-Jun(jiangjyj@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4479-4489
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Xueyu Cave watershed is located in Fengdu County in the outskirts of Chongqing, where rainfall events were monitored continuously from July 2015 to December 2017. We explored the variation of mass concentration of atmospheric dissolved inorganic nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N), and quantitatively calculated its wet deposition fluxes, then the sources of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N were tracked using the Xueyu cave air mass backward trajectory model. The results showed that: &#9312;During the monitoring period, the average annual dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deposition in the watershed was 14.25 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, of which NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N were 7.72 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup> and 6.53 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, accounting for 54% and 46% of DIN wet precipitation, respectively, and indicating that NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N is the dominant species, followed by NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N; &#9313;DIN wet deposition flux and concentration showed marked seasonal changes. The DIN wet deposition flux in spring and summer was 50% higher than that in autumn and winter, while the DIN concentration of wet deposition in autumn and winter was 30% higher than those in spring and summer. &#9314;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N was between 0.29 and 2.27, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N&gt;1 during the rainy season (April to October) and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N/NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N&lt;1 during the dry season (November to March), indicating that the main sources of DIN wet deposition results from agricultural activities in the rainy season, and urban contributions in the dry season. &#9315;In the study area, the southeastern winds are dominant in the rainy season but southwestern winds are dominant in the dry season. These determine the sources of DIN wet deposition (agricultural or urban).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Deposition
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Caves - Drought - Nitrogen - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural activities - Backward trajectory - Dissolved inorganic nitrogens - Inorganic nitrogen - Mass concentration - Source analysis - Wet deposition - Wet deposition flux
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 481.1  Geology - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711053

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20185206314835
Title:Effect and Mechanism of Attapulgite and Its Modified Materials on Bioavailability of Cadmium in Soil
Authors:Chen, Zhan-Xiang (1, 2); Chen, Chuan-Sheng (1); Chen, Wei-Ping (2); Jiao, Wen-Tao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Jiao, Wen-Tao(wtjiao@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4744-4751
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of attapulgite (magnesium aluminium phyllosilicate) and its modified materials on the extractability of soil Cd and the accumulation of Cd in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were investigated using a pot-culture experiment, and the immobilization mechanism of attapulgite and its modified materials was explored through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that attapulgite and its modified materials could significantly reduce the Cd concentration in Lactuca sativa, with maximum reductions of 41.0% and 56.5%, respectively, and attapulgite modified materials treatments appeared more efficient than attapulgite treatments in reducing Cd uptake of Lactuca sativa. The saturated adsorption capacity for the adsorption of Cd<sup>2+</sup> on attapulgite rose distinctly after being modified. Attapulgite and its modified materials could significantly reduce Cd content in soil CaCl<inf>2</inf> extract at the dosage of 1%, with the maximum reduction rates of 34.2% and 34.3%, respectively. The attapulgite formed a complex to immobilize Cd mainly through the surface silanol and Cd<sup>2+</sup> complexation reaction, while the modified attapulgite formed a complex mainly through the complexation of Cd<sup>2+</sup> with carboxyl groups which existed in addition to the complexation with surface hydroxyl, thus reducing the mobility of Cd<sup>2+</sup> and achieving remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. In summary, attapulgite and its modified materials can both be used for remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, and the mechanisms for this function were found to be different.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Aluminum compounds - Biochemistry - Chlorine compounds - Complexation - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Magnesium compounds - Remediation - Soils - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Attapulgites - Carboxyl groups - Cd-contaminated soils - Complexation reaction - Immobilization mechanisms - Modified materials - Saturated adsorption capacity - Silanol groups
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 3.42e+01%, Percentage 3.43e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+01%, Percentage 5.65e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801283

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20185206314816
Title:Adsorption Behavior of Phosphate from Water on Zirconium-loaded Granular Zeolite-amended Sediment
Authors:Liang, Shu-Jing (1); Lin, Jian-Wei (1); Zhan, Yan-Hui (1); Wang, Zhen-Hua (1); Li, Ya-Ling (1); He, Si-Qi (1); Chen, Hai-Yang (1); Tang, Feng-Xia (1); Li, Zhi-Qiang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, Jian-Wei(jwlin@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4565-4575
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, a zirconium-loaded granular zeolite (ZrGZ) was prepared, characterized and used as a sediment amendment to control internal phosphorus (P) loading in water samples from a heavily polluted river. The adsorption characteristics of phosphate on ZrGZ-amended sediment were investigated using batch experiments, and the stability of P in phosphate-adsorbed ZrGZ was evaluated using a sequential chemical extraction method. Results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model was more suitable for describing the equilibrium adsorption data of phosphate on ZrGZ-amended sediment than the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The adsorption process of phosphate on ZrGZ-amended sediment could be well described by the pseudo-second-order and Elovich kinetic models, and both film and intra-particle diffusion controlled the adsorption rate during the gradual adsorption stage. The coexistence of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> inhibited the adsorption of phosphate on ZrGZ-amended sediment, while coexisting Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> enhanced the phosphate adsorption, and this promoting effect decreased in the order of Ca<sup>2+</sup>&gt;Mg<sup>2+</sup>&gt;Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>. The ZrGZ-amended sediment exhibited a higher phosphate adsorption capacity than the unamended sediment, and the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity derived from the Langmuir isotherm model was found to be 336 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, which was higher than that for the unamended sediment (215 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>). Sequential tests showed that P in phosphate-adsorbed ZrGZ mainly existed in the form of NaOH-rP and Res-P, which was relatively unreactive. These results indicated that ZrGZ addition enhanced the phosphate adsorption capacity of river sediment, and that ZrGZ was a promising amendment for controlling the release of P from river sediment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Adsorption isotherms - Chemical stability - Dyes - Phosphates - River pollution - Rivers - Sodium hydroxide - Zeolites - Zirconium
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption characteristic - Equilibrium adsorption - Intra-particle diffusion - Langmuir isotherm models - Phosphate adsorption - Phosphate adsorption capacity - Phosphorus fractionation - Sequential chemical extraction methods
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801  Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801110

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20185206314801
Title:Chemical Constitution and Carbon Isotopic Compositions of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in the Northern Suburb of Nanjing in Spring
Authors:Zhou, Yi-Ming (1, 2); Han, Xun (1, 2); Wang, Jin-Jin (1, 2); Chen, Shan-Li (2, 3); Shen, Xiao-Yu (1, 2); Zhang, Yan-Lin (4); Zhu, Bin (3); Guo, Zhao-Bing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing; 210044, China; (3) School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (4) Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Zhao-Bing(guocumt@nuist.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4439-4445
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:PM<inf>2.5</inf> is an important atmospheric pollution component and has a complicated composition. The chemical constitution of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Nanjing northern region during March 2016 was analyzed using the Dinoex ICS-3000 and ICS-2000 ion chromatograph and DRI Model 2001A thermal/optical carbon analyzer, and the carbon isotopic compositions were analyzed using EA-IRMS from Thermo Scientific in order to explore pollution behaviors and source apportionment of PM<inf>2.5</inf>. The results showed that the mean concentration of atmospheric PM<inf>2.5</inf> was (106.16&plusmn;48.70) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, which equated with heavy pollution. Meanwhile, 88% of the samples exhibited the presence of the secondary organic pollutants. The average concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was (3.58&plusmn;2.78) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and this high concentration was attributed to the reaction of O<inf>3</inf> with atmospheric hydrocarbons under ultraviolet light on sunny days. In addition, &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<inf>TC</inf> in PM<inf>2.5</inf> ranged from -26.56&permil; to -23.75&permil; and the mean was (-25.47&permil;&plusmn;0.63&permil;). Combining the various analyses, we concluded that atmospheric PM<inf>2.5</inf> for the study area was mainly derived from coal combustion, vehicle exhaust, geology (natural sources) and biomass burning.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Atmospheric chemistry - Chemical analysis - Coal combustion - Isotopes - Organic pollutants - Thermal pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric hydrocarbons - Average concentration - Carbon isotopes - Carbon isotopic composition - Chemical constitution - Elemental carbon - Secondary organic carbons (SOC) - Source
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711050

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20185206314837
Title:Lead Uptake and Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Water Management and Selenite Fertilization
Authors:Wan, Ya-Nan (1); Liu, Zhe (1); Camara, Aboubacar Younoussa (1); Yu, Yao (1); Wang, Qi (1); Li, Hua-Fen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Hua-Fen(lihuafen@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4759-4765
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Lead (Pb) accumulation in rice grains has been identified as a potential threat to human health. Our study investigated the effects of varied rates of selenite fertilization (0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) on the dynamics of Pb in soil solutions, and its uptake and translocation by rice under different water management scenarios (aerobic and flooded) in pot experiments. Plants were harvested at seedling stage and at maturity to determine the Pb contents, and soil solutions were extracted during the growing season to monitor the Pb dynamics. Results showed that flooding the soil significantly increased Pb concentrations in DCB extracts and rice roots both at seedling stage and maturity. Root Pb contents in flooded treatments were 4.2-8.5 and 1.4-1.5 times higher than those under aerobic conditions at rice seedling stage and maturity. Flooding also decreased the percentage of Pb in rice shoots. The Pb content in soil solutions, rice seedlings, rice roots and stems at maturity were significantly decreased by selenite additions. Relative to the control treatment, selenite additions decreased the rice root Pb contents by 5.4%-24.3% and 2.7%-61.7% under flooding and aerobic conditions at seedling stage, respectively; while decreased Pb in rice root by 56.1%-64.1% and 53.8%-63.2% respectively, at maturity. No significant differences existed in grain Pb levels among the treatments. Results demonstrated that water management regimes and selenite additions affected Pb uptake by rice roots significantly, but had no significant influence on Pb accumulation in rice grains.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Floods - Health risks - Lead - Soil moisture - Water management
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Control treatments - Management scenarios - Rice - Rice (Oryza sativa L.) - Selenite - Uptake - Uptake and accumulations
Classification code:461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.70e+00% to 6.17e+01%, Percentage 5.38e+01% to 6.32e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+00% to 2.43e+01%, Percentage 5.61e+01% to 6.41e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801231

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20185206314841
Title:Isolation and Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of Salt-tolerant Heterotrophic Nitrification and Aerobic Denitrification Bacteria Zobellella sp. B307
Authors:Bai, Jie (1, 2); Chen, Lin (1); Huang, Xiao (3); Hu, Chun-Hui (4); Zhao, Yang-Guo (1, 2); Li, Kui-Ran (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (3) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen; 518055, China; (4) College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China; (5) College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266003, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Kui-Ran(likr@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4793-4801
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification strain, B307, was isolated from the sediment of Jiaozhou Bay. The strain was identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and its optimization condition and salt-tolerance characteristics were studied by single factor experiment. The denitrification effect in single or mixed nitrogen sources was investigated under optimum conditions. The results allowed the strain to be identified as Zobellella sp., based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The best carbon source was sodium succinate, and the optimum C/N was 5, the optimal initial pH was 9, and the optimal temperature was 35-40&#8451; respectively. After 12 hours, the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N removal efficiencies were 98.35% and 99.75% in a mixed nitrogen source system. The removal efficiencies for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N were 97.67% and 94.39% within 24 hours when salinity was 75 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The strain has highly efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification ability and strong salt tolerance, which demonstrated that the strain has potential for extensive application for nitrogen removal in high salt wastewater.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Salt removal
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Denitrification - Efficiency - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - RNA
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic denitrification - Heterotrophic nitrification - Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifications - Optimization conditions - Removal characteristics - Salt tolerance - Single-factor experiments - Zobellella sp
Classification code:461  Bioengineering and Biology - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.50e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.44e+01%, Percentage 9.77e+01%, Percentage 9.83e+01%, Percentage 9.98e+01%, Time 4.32e+04s, Time 8.64e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802022

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20185206314843
Title:Effect of Fluoroquinolones on Performance and Microbial Community of a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland
Authors:Li, Xin-Hui (1); Zheng, Quan (1); Li, Jing (2); Wang, Xiao-Hui (1); Hai, Re-Ti (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; 100029, China; (2) Hebei Shenghong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Chengde; 067000, China 
Corresponding author:Hai, Re-Ti(hjzhx@mail.buct.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4809-4816
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of multiple fluoroquinolones on the performance and microbial community of a constructed wetland, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were added to the influent of the vertical flow constructed wetland for two months. Results indicated that COD removal rate gradually decreased after adding antibiotics, with the minimum removal rate of 70.94%, followed by gradual recovery. TP removal rate also decreased, with some fluctuations, while ammonia removal remained stable. Fluoroquinolones thus have an important effect on COD and TP removal from the constructed wetland, but there is no evident effect on ammonia removal. Based on results of the Shannon index and Shannoneven index, there were no significant changes in the microbial community, while the Chao1 index increasing significantly. Comparing community composition before and after antibiotic addition, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased from 44.90% to 34.12%, still maintaining its predominance, while Firmicutes increased from 2.55% to 10.55%. At the class level, &beta;-Proteobacteria declined from 17.03% to 8.36%, while the relative abundance of Clostridia, Bacilli, and Bacteroidia increased from 0.50%, 1.85%, and 0.10% to 4.21%, 4.64%, and 2.56%, respectively. The genera Dechloromonas and Pseudarthrobacter decreased from 8.56% and 5.10% to 3.16% and 1.53%, respectively, while Trichococcus, Tessaracoccus, and Desulfovibrio increased from 0.66%, 0.03%, and 0.02% to 3.84%, 3.83%, and 2.06%, respectively. The microbial community of the constructed wetland thus changed under the pressure of multiple fluoroquinolones.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Antibiotics - Microorganisms
Uncontrolled terms:Community composition - Constructed wetlands - Diversity - Fluoroquinolones - Performance
Classification code:461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.9  Biology - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e-01% to 4.21e+00%, Percentage 1.53e+00%, Percentage 1.70e+01% to 8.36e+00%, Percentage 1.85e+00%, Percentage 2.00e-02% to 3.84e+00%, Percentage 2.06e+00%, Percentage 2.55e+00% to 1.06e+01%, Percentage 2.56e+00%, Percentage 3.00e-02%, Percentage 3.83e+00%, Percentage 4.49e+01% to 3.41e+01%, Percentage 4.64e+00%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Percentage 5.10e+00% to 3.16e+00%, Percentage 6.60e-01%, Percentage 7.09e+01%, Percentage 8.56e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801143

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20185206314797
Title:Research and Application of the Technical Method for the Compilation of VOCs Emission Inventories from Architectural Coatings in Beijing
Authors:Deng, Zi-Yu (1, 2); Gao, Mei-Ping (2); Wang, Qing-Wei (3); Nie, Lei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (3) Beijing Shunyi District Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing; 101300, China 
Corresponding author:Nie, Lei(nielei@cee.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4408-4413
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:VOCs(volatile organic compounds) are important precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere, which increase atmospheric oxidation, creating pollutants such as photochemical smog, fine particulate matter and so on. This study documented information about architectural coating VOC emission characteristics to facilitate formulation of control strategies by environmental management departments. This research was based on measured data for architectural wall and waterproof coatings to identify localized emission factors, used industry research to compile additional information, and was combined with the Beijing completed building inventory, to develop a compilation method for VOC emissions from architectural coatings. According to the above research to estimate VOC emissions of the interior wall, exterior wall and waterproof coatings in 2015, analysis of the spatial distribution of VOCs was performed and VOC emissions were estimated under two conditions regarding whether to limit the content of hazardous substances in architectural coatings from 2002-2015. The results show that &#9312;VOC emissions from the Beijing architechtural wall and waterproof coating was about 6 914.2t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> in 2015. The emissions from wall paint and waterproof coating were 2 394.9 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>and 4 519.3 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, accounting for 34.6% and 65.4%, respectively. &#9313;The spatial distribution of VOC emissions showed that emissions were mainly concentrated around the new cities being developed in the Chaoyang and Tongzhou districts. The district with the highest VOC emission is Tongzhou District, where the proportion of emission is about 13.2%. Following it are the Changping and Chaoyang districts, respectively, at 11.8% and 10.5%. &#9314;In 2015, because of implementation of the standards&lt;Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials-Limit of harmful substances of interior architectural coatings&gt;(GB 18582-2008) and&lt;Limit of harmful substances of exterior wall coatings&gt;(GB 24408-2009), compared to the no control scenario, the VOCs emissions under control scenario was one where VOCs emissions were reduced by 8 954.2 t. &#9315;It follows that environmental management and control of the hazardous substance contents of architectural coatings can effectively control the VOC emission in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Waterproof coatings
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Environmental management - Hazards - Spatial distribution - Volatile organic compounds - Walls (structural partitions) - Waterproofing
Uncontrolled terms:Architectural coatings - Compilation methods - Documented informations - Emission factors - Emission inventories - Fine particulate matter - Research and application - Secondary organic aerosols
Classification code:408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 451  Air Pollution - 454.1  Environmental Engineering, General - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.2  Coating Materials - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 1.18e+01%, Percentage 1.32e+01%, Percentage 3.46e+01%, Percentage 6.54e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801087

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20185206314805
Title:Selection of Priority Contaminants in a Watershed Using Risk Ranking Methodology
Authors:Li, Qi-Feng (1, 2); L&uuml;, Yong-Long (1, 2); Wang, Pei (1); Zhang, Yue-Qing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:L&uuml;, Yong-Long(yllu@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4472-4478
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The present study focuses on the risk rankings of different contaminants from Daling River in Liaoning Province, China, for categorizing the environmental risk levels in the river. Eighteen surface water samples were collected from Daling River, which has been polluted by the surrounding fluorine industries for years. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and heavy metals were analyzed, and relevant eco-toxicity data obtained from literatures were considered. The median concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were observed as 0.77-3.57 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 82.93-344 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which were lower than the standard limits of the United Kingdom. The concentrations of heavy metals and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were found to be lower than level &#8547; of the Chinese national environmental quality standards for surface water. The maximum concentrations of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) were higher than the standard level &#8546;. The environmental risks ranged from 1.42&times;10<sup>-6</sup> to 2.3&times;10<sup>-2</sup>. The order of the risks by potential environmental contaminants was Cu&gt;Zn&gt;As&gt;p,p'-DDE&gt;p,p'-DDT&gt;Cd&gt;Pb&gt;Hg&gt;PFOA&gt; &gamma;-HCH&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;&alpha;-HCH&gt;PFOS. The present findings revealed that the environmental risks of PFOS and PFOA were relatively low and these were not taken as priority contaminants, but the accumulation risks could not be overlooked for a long time. Among the contaminants, copper (Cu) was the priority contaminant of Daling River. Hence, necessary measures are recommended to reduce the potential effects of contaminants on the environment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Chemical industry - Contamination - Heavy metals - Pesticides - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Environmental contaminant - Environmental quality standards - Maximum concentrations - Organochlorine pesticides - Perfluorooctane sulfonic acids - Polyfluoroalkyl substances - Priority contaminants - Risk ranking
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 805  Chemical Engineering, General
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.70e-10kg/m3 to 3.57e-09kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.29e-08kg/m3 to 3.44e-07kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802135

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20185206314826
Title:Adsorption Mechanisms of Ciprofloxacin by Extracellular Polymeric Substances of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria Sludge
Authors:Zhang, Hui-Qun (1); Jia, Yan-Yan (1); Fang, He-Ting (1); Yin, Lin-Wan (1); L&uuml;, Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:L&uuml;, Hui(lvhui3@mail.sysu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4653-4660
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in microbial sludge, fulfils a key role in removal of micro-organic pollutants during biological wastewater treatment. In this study, the authors evaluated the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) sludge in a sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) reactor, and examined the role of EPS on CIP removal in an SRB sludge system. The results indicated that CIP was removed efficiently through adsorption and biodegradation by SRB sludge, with adsorption the major removal pathway. EPS also played an important role in CIP adsorption by SRB sludge, and the adsorption mechanisms of CIP by EPS were investigated using the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy technologies combined with parallel factor analysis. The functional groups binding CIP onto EPS were identified through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. The results suggested that the static quenching of EPS following CIP adsorption led to formation of an EPS-CIP complex, and that the CIP was mainly bound with tryptophan and tyrosine-like protein substances in EPS with the binding constants of 1.43&times;10<sup>4</sup> L&bull;mol<sup>-1</sup> and 1.02&times;10<sup>4</sup> L&bull;mol<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The FTIR results suggested that hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl functional groups were mainly responsible for binding of CIP onto EPS. The results revealed the adsorption mechanisms of CIP by EPS in SRB sludge, and enhanced understanding of the role of EPS in sulfur-mediated biological processes for the removal of CIP and other organic micro-pollutants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Amino acids - Antibiotics - Biodegradation - Biological water treatment - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Organic pollutants - Polymers - Quenching  - Sulfur compounds - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Biological waste water treatment - Ciprofloxacin - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopies - Extracellular polymeric substances - Fourier transform infrared - Parallel factor analysis - Static quenching - Sulfate reducing bacteria
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.8  Biotechnology - 537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802132

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20185206314840
Title:A Thermotolerant and Halotolerant Sulfate-reducing Bacterium in Produced Water from an Offshore High-temperature Oilfield in Bohai Bay, China: Isolation, Phenotypic Characterization, and Inhibition
Authors:Yang, Chun-Lu (1); Yuan, Mei-Yu (1, 2); Shi, Rong-Jiu (2); Yan, Peng-Ju (1, 2); Zhao, Feng (2); Han, Si-Qin (2); Zhang, Ying (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang; 110036, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang; 110016, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Rong-Jiu(shirongjiu@iae.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4783-4792
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The growth and activity of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) in oilfield environments could produce large amounts of H<inf>2</inf>S, leading to multifaceted problems, including oilfield souring and microbially-influenced corrosion, yet knowledge about the diversity and physiology of SRP therein was quite limited. To further understand the phenotypic characteristics of SRP residing in an offshore high-temperature oilfield at Bohai Bay, China, and to explore the potential methods for control of SRP-mediated problems, we isolated, using Hungate techniques, a thermotolerant, halotolerant SRP strain, designated BQ<inf>1</inf>, from the produced water of a high-temperature. We also presented the phenotypic features of BQ<inf>1</inf>, and investigated the efficacy of five biocides, or metabolic inhibitors, in suppressing the sulfidogenic activity of BQ<inf>1</inf>. Cells of BQ<inf>1</inf> were motile, short rod-shaped, 1.2-2.5 &mu;m in length and 0.5-0.8 &mu;m in width. Although BQ<inf>1</inf> shared 99% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, distinct phenotypic traits between them were observed. Isolated BQ<inf>1</inf> could grow at 14-70&#8451;(optimum at 30&#8451;) and pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0), and in the presence of 0%-10% NaCl. Isolated BQ<inf>1</inf> utilized a wide range of carbon substrates, including sodium formate, sodium lactate, and acetate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and sulfur were utilized as electron acceptors, but not nitrate or nitrite. Sodium hypochlorite (600 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (300 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), or nitrate (800 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) failed to inhibit H<inf>2</inf>S production by BQ<inf>1</inf>. By contrast, glutaraldehyde (50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), bronopol (30 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), chlorine dioxide (50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), and nitrite (70 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) inhibited H<inf>2</inf>S production by BQ<inf>1</inf> for at least 30 d, indicating that these compounds may be suitable for the mitigation of microbial souring in this specific, high-temperature, offshore oilfield at Bohai Bay, China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Oil fields
Controlled terms:Biocides - Corrosion - Microorganisms - Nitrates - Offshore oil well production - Produced Water - RNA - Sodium chloride - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Benzyltrimethylammonium - Desulfovibrio vulgaris - Microbially influenced corrosion - Offshore oilfield - Phenotypic characterization - Souring - Sulfate reducing - Sulfate reducing bacteria
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 511.1  Oil Field Production Operations - 512.1.1  Oil Fields - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.00e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 0.00e+00% to 1.00e+01%, Size 1.20e-06m to 2.50e-06m, Size 5.00e-07m to 8.00e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802103

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20185206314830
Title:Effect of Straw Residues in Combination with Reduced Fertilization Rate on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Vegetable Field
Authors:Huang, Rong (1); Gao, Ming (1); Li, Jia-Cheng (1); Xu, Guo-Xin (1); L&uuml;, Sheng (1); Luo, Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Ming(gaoming@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4694-4704
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Greenhouse gases mainly come from farmland soils. Re-spreading chaff (straw returning) is an effective ecological management in China. Quantitative analysis of straw residues together with reduced fertilization rates can provide a scientific basis for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A field experiment with six different fertilizer amounts combined with straw residues was carried out in a vegetable field (lettuce-cabbage-chili rotation), including the control (CK), conventional fertilizing (F), straw returning with 100% conventional fertilizing (100FS), straw returning with 70% conventional fertilizing (70FS), straw returning with 60% conventional fertilizing (60FS),and straw returning with 50% conventional fertilizing (50FS). The dynamic characteristics and emission factors of CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O in the soil were analyzed using an in-situ, closed chamber, gas chromatography-based system, from November 2016 to September 2017. The results showed that the emission of CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O has seasonal variation characteristics. The peak value mainly occurred in April to August, and the gas emission peak would appear after fertilizing and irrigating. Compared with F treatment, straw returning with fertilizing treatments reduced the N<inf>2</inf>O emission fluxes, cumulative emission and emission factor, especially in the 100FS treatment. The N<inf>2</inf>O cumulative emission and emission factor was 60.76 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, 0.138 kg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> (N<inf>2</inf>O-N/N) respectively in 100FS treatment during planting chili was more than that during planting lettuce and cabbage. Moreover, straw returning with reducing conventional fertilizing could reduce the N<inf>2</inf>O emission factor compared with 100FS treatment. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission fluxes 55.28-1 831.62 [mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>] and cumulative emission (7 502.13-25 988.55 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) in 70FS treatment were lower than that in CK and F treatments, while other treatments increased the CO<inf>2</inf> emission fluxes and cumulative emission, especially in 60FS and 50FS treatments. During planting lettuce and cabbage, the CH<inf>4</inf>cumulative emission mainly showed negative values in treatments except for CK, indicating that soil could adsorb CH<inf>4</inf>. Moreover, straw returning with 30%-50% conventional fertilizing treatment could reduce CH<inf>4</inf> emission fluxes and cumulative emission during planting chili, but increased in 100FS. Compared with CK and F treatment, generally, straw retuning with conventional fertilizing could significantly increase the global warming potential (GWP) in the study, except for 70FS treatment. 70FS could reduce the CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf> emission and the GWP of greenhouse gases, but could not significantly affect N<inf>2</inf>O emission reduction.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Emission control - Fertilizers - Gas chromatography - Global warming - Greenhouse effect - Greenhouse gases - Soils - Straw - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Cumulative emissions - Dynamic characteristics - Ecological managements - Emission reduction - Fertilization rates - Global warming potential - Seasonal variation
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 3.00e+01% to 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802087

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20185206314844
Title:Microbial Community Diversity Analysis During Composting of Lincomycin Mycelia Dreg with Manure
Authors:Ren, Sheng-Tao (1); Guo, Xia-Li (1); Lu, A-Qian (1); Zhang, Qian-Qian (1); Guo, Xiao-Ying (1); Wang, Yan (1); Wang, Lian-Zhong (2); Zhang, Bao-Bao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou; 450001, China; (2) Henan Xinxiang Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory, Xinxiang; 453731, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Yan(wangyan371@zzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:10
Issue date:October 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4817-4824
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Aerobic composting experiments were conducted using lincomycin mycelia wastes (dreg) and manure (T), using sewage sludge with manure as a control (CK). High performance liquid phase methods and high throughput sequencing were used to determine the concentration of lincomycin residue and to characterize the microbial community. The results showed that lincomycin was reduced significantly, with the concentration decreasing from 1 800 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>to 483 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, accounting for 73% degradation. In addition, the bacterial community abundance and diversity indices were all lower than that of sludge-manure at the mesophilic and thermophilic phases, because of the high concentration of lincomycin residue in lincomycin mycelia dreg. By contrast, the fungal community abundance and diversity indices showed the reverse, due to the high content of organic matter and nitrogen in lincomycin mycelia dreg. Therefore, the microbial communities were greatly different between T and CK treatment with the domain genera of Paucisalibacillus, Cerasibacillus, Bacillus, Virgibacillus, Ureibacillus, Paenibacillus, and Sinibacillus in T compost and Truepera, Actinomadura, Pseudosphingobacterium, Pseudomonas, Luteimonas and Ureibacillus in CK compost. However, as the composting continued to a mature phase, most of the lincomycin was reduced, and the differences between the two microbial communities gradually decreased. This showed that composting could make lincomycin mycelia dreg harmless and could be used to turn it into a resource.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Waste treatment
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Bacteriology - Composting - Degradation - Fertilizers - Manures - Sewage sludge - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic composting - Bacterial community - Fungal community - High-throughput sequencing - Lincomycin mycelia dreg - Liquid-phase method - Microbial communities - Sludge
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711210

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20184906207351
Title:Ozone Generation Potential and Highly Contributing Substances of NMOCs from Landfill Working Face
Authors:Li, Hao (1); Liu, Yan-Jun (2); Chen, Tan (3); Yan, Qiu-He (1); Dai, Hui-Xiang (1); Wang, Hong-Tao (1); Lu, Wen-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing; 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Hong-Tao(htwang@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4070-4077
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) are major ozone precursors in atmospheric photochemical reactions. The working face of a landfill is a significant source of fugitive NMOC emissions. In order to control tropospheric ozone pollution, it is necessary to minimize NMOCs, and this requires identification of contributing substances. In this study, gas samples were collected from the working face of a landfill and analyzed. Their ozone formation potential was calculated using the propylene-equivalent concentration method and the maximum incremental reactivity method. In total, 36 kinds of substances met the standard for detection frequency and concentration. The average annual concentration of NMOCs was about 10 000 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, with total concentration greatest in summer. Concentrations of materials were as follows: oxygenated compounds&gt;sulfur compounds&gt;halogenated hydrocarbons&gt;benzene series&gt;hydrocarbons. Based on the results of the two calculation methods, ethanol, m-xylene, propylene, ethyl acetate, and n-pentane were found to be significant ozone formation contributors across the whole year. The pattern for spring was similar. Contributors to high ozone formation were ethanol, 1-butene, toluene, cyclohexane, and styrene in summer and spring, while ethanol contributed very significantly in winter. The propylene-equivalent concentration method was found to be more suitable for estimating ozone formation potential from the working face.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Ozone
Controlled terms:Ethanol - Land fill - Methane - Paraffins - Photochemical reactions - Pollution control - Propylene - Styrene - Sulfur compounds - Ternary systems
Uncontrolled terms:Equivalent concentrations - Halogenated hydrocarbons - Highly contributing substances - Maximum incremental reactivities - Non-methane organic compounds(NMOCs) - Oxygenated compounds - Ozone formation potentials - Working face
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20184906207374
Title:Behavior and Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Coking Wastewater of A/O<sup>2</sup> and A/O/H/O Processes
Authors:Wu, Hai-Zhen (1); Sun, Sheng-Li (1); Liu, Guo-Xin (1); Wei, Jing-Yue (2); Wu, Chao-Fei (2); Wei, Chao-Hai (2); Zhong, Lian-Wen (3); Peng, Ya-Huan (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (3) Huaxin Environmental Technology Company, Shaoguan; 512122, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4265-4273
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical organic pollutants found in coking wastewater, and their behavior and reduction can be affected by different treatment processes. Based on these considerations, this study investigated the behaviors of PAHs in coking wastewater under A/O<sup>2</sup> and A/O/H/O treatment processes, respectively. In order to evaluate variations in PAH removal under two different treatment processes, samples were taken from different treatment units for quantification of PAHs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results showed that PAHs were barely degraded in anaerobic tanks of either treatment process and accumulated much higher concentrations than in aerobic and hydrolytic tanks. While low molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs) in aqueous phase from anaerobic tanks were degraded effectively in aerobic tanks, high molecular weight PAHs (HMW PAHs) mostly accumulated in the sludge phase; these potentially pose a higher environmental risk and therefore need to be treated separately. Moreover, the A/O/H/O process showed higher degradation of PAHs bioavailability and higher removal effectiveness for PAHs with four or more benzene rings than the A/O<sup>2</sup> process; this is attributed to the hydrolytic tank's ability to promote hydrolysis of macromolecular organic compounds and therefore improve biodegradability of PAHs. Comprehensive results from the study indicated that the A/O/H/O process is more advantageous for degradation of PAHs than the A/O<sup>2</sup> process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Controlled terms:Aromatization - Biochemistry - Biodegradability - Biodegradation - Gas chromatography - Hydrocarbons - Mass spectrometry - Mineral oils - Molecular weight - Organic pollutants  - Tanks (containers) - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:A/O/H/O - A/O^2 - Coking wastewater - Different treatments - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry - High molecular weight - Low molecular weight - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS)
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 619.2  Tanks - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20184906207379
Title:Effect of HRT on Nitrogen Removal Using ANAMMOX and Heterotrophic Denitrification
Authors:An, Fang-Jiao (1); Zhao, Zhi-Chao (1); Huang, Li (2); Huang, Jian-Ming (1); Shao, Zhao-Wei (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Lanzhou Railway Design Institute Company Limited, Lanzhou; 730000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4302-4309
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Real domestic sewage was first treated in SBR and partial nitrification was achieved. When average concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and COD were 37.27, 39.97, and 120 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the effluent was delivered as influent of an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (ASBR). The effect of different HRTs (36 h, 33 h, 30 h, 27 h) on nitrogen removal of ANAMMOX and heterotrophic denitrification were investigated under conditions of temperature of 24&#8451; and pH of 7.2&plusmn;0.2. Results showed that &#9312; nitrogen removal efficiency was optimum with HRT of 33 h. The average total nitrogen load rate(TNLR)and total nitrogen removal rate(TNRR)were 0.056 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and 0.050 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The average effluent concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and COD were 1.36, 0.47, and 49.79 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and removal rates were 96.30%, 98.83%, and 56.17%, respectively. &Delta;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and &Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were 1.17 and 0.15, 0.15 and 0.11 less than theoretical ANAMMOX values (1.32, 0.26) due to heterotrophic denitrification. &#9313; The contribution of ANAMMOX to nitrogen removal decreased; however, the contribution of heterotrophic denitrification to nitrogen removal gradually increased with decreasing HRT. This provides a point of reference for ANAMMOX in engineering applications.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Effluents - Nitrogen oxides - Sewage - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ASBR - Contribution rate - Domestic sewage - Removal performance
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.20e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.98e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 5.62e+01%, Percentage 9.63e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%, Time 1.08e+05s, Time 1.19e+05s, Time 1.30e+05s, Time 9.72e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802033

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20184906207356
Title:Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Fractions in the Ning-Meng Section of the Yellow River and Relationship with Metal Ions
Authors:Xi, Yue (1); Wang, Ting (1); Ni, Jin-Ren (1); Han, Peng (1); Yi, Ma-Lan (1); Zheng, Tong (1); Jiang, Yong (1); Ma, Ruo-Qi (1); Cui, Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China 
Corresponding author:Han, Peng(hanpeng@iee.pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4114-4121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is an important element of natural aquatic systems. Due to differences in their hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties and various functional groups, chemical appearances of DOM fractions also vary. In this study, seven natural waters, extending from Xiaheyan to Toudaoguai along the Ning-Meng section of the Yellow river, were sampled in April 2015. Four DOM fractions were obtained by pumping through XAD-4 and XAD-8 resins, i.e., hydrophobic acid (HOA), hydrophobic base (HOB), weak hydrophobic acid (WHOA), and hydrophilic matter (HYI). Based on detection by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEM) and correlation analysis, relationships with five metal ions (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, As) were analyzed. Results show that DOC gradually increased along an upstream to downstream continuum in the Ning-Meng section. HYI (small molecular proteins) was the main DOM fraction present, followed by HOA, suggesting enhanced microbial-sourced impact from industrial sewage discharges. The significant peaks of humic-like (A, C) and protein-like compounds (T<inf>1</inf>) in the EEM chart further highlight the effect of endogenous pollution caused by wastewater. Furthermore, SPSS fitting results indicate that DOM is correlated with all five metal ions, especially with Cu. In terms of the four DOM fractions, HYI showed the strongest correlation with Cu, illustrating the significant relationship between HYI and Cu during the migration and transformation process. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity of protein-like compounds decreased with increasing Cu concentration, possibly due to fluorescence quenching caused by complexation between Cu and proteins in HYI.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Copper
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Dissolution - Fluorescence quenching - Heavy metals - Hydrophilicity - Hydrophobicity - Metal ions - Proteins - Resins  - River pollution - Rivers - Sewage - Water pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Excitation-emission matrix fluorescences - Fluorescence intensities - Hydrophilic matter(HYI) - Hydrophobic/hydrophilic - Natural aquatic systems - Transformation process - XAD resin
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 531.1  Metallurgy - 544.1  Copper - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers - 931.2  Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712249

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20184906207370
Title:Effects of Different Substrates and Particle Sizes on Wastewater Purification
Authors:Zhao, Lin-Li (1, 2); Shao, Xue-Xin (1); Wu, Ming (1); Jiang, Xiao-San (2); Lu, Lin-Ying (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Hangzhou Bay, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou; 311400, China; (2) College of Resource and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Ming(hangzhoubay@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4236-4241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Choosing suitable substrate is key to improving the efficiency of wetland decontamination. However, little is known about the effect of particle size. In order to study the effect of substrate type and size on COD, TN, and TP removal from sewage, 1-2, 2-4, and 4-8 mm zeolite, 2-4, 4-8, and 8-16 mm gravel, and 2-4, 3-5, and 6-8 mm anthracite were selected for establishment of the constructed system of experimental media with three replications. Results showed that removal efficiency of COD, TN, and TP varied with different particle sizes of the same material. The greatest COD removal was achieved with 4-8 mm zeolite and gravel and 6-8 mm anthracite, with removal rates of 53.74%, 60.76%, and 62.93%, respectively. Denitrification is the main pattern of nitrogen removal in the artificial test column; results show that smaller particle size is more effective for removal of TN. The removal rate of TP is also higher with smaller sizes of gravel and anthracite, but the opposite pattern occurred with zeolite. The removal of COD, TP, and TN also varied by substrate type. Anthracite led to good removal of COD, TP, and TN. Zeolite was most effective for removal of TN but had lower removal of TP. Gravel has high removal rate for COD, and has a general removal effect on TP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Anthracite - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Efficiency - Gravel - Particle size - Sewage - Substrates - Wetlands - Zeolites
Uncontrolled terms:Constructed wetlands - Different particle sizes - Different substrates - High removal rates - Removal efficiencies - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Wastewater purification
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.37e+01%, Percentage 6.08e+01%, Percentage 6.29e+01%, Size 4.00e-03m to 8.00e-03m, Size 6.00e-03m to 8.00e-03m, Size 8.00e-03m to 1.60e-02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712009

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20184906207383
Title:Effects of Straw and Biochar Addition on Soil Carbon Balance and Ecological Benefits in a Rape-maize Rotation Planting System
Authors:Li, Jiao (1); Tian, Dong (1); Huang, Rong (1); Xu, Guo-Xin (1); Li, Jia-Cheng (1); Gao, Ming (1); Wang, Zi-Fang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Zi-Fang(zifangw@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4338-4347
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effects of different straw and biochar applications on the carbon balance of a farmland ecosystem were studied under a rape-maize rotation planting system. The study explored impact of straw and biochar addition on soil carbon sequestration. A field experiment was carried out at the National Monitor Station of Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency of Purple Soils (Chongqing, China). Five treatments, i.e., control (CK, no organic material), straw only (CS), straw and microorganism (CSD), half straw and half biochar (CSBC), and biochar only (BC), were applied. In-situ cumulative emissions of soil total carbon were subsequently monitored. Based on field experiment and survey data, carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, and and economic and environmental benefits were analyzed for soil respiration, soil carbon pool, crop carbon pool, as well as the cost of agricultural inputs after straw and biochar application. The main results were: &#9312;Accumulative emissions of soil carbon during two planting seasons were all higher with treatment than in CK, and the differences between CS, CSD, and CK were significant (P&lt;0.05). &#9313;Compared with CK, both straw and biochar treatments increased crop yield (by 1.49%-3.92%) and crop net primary productivity (NPP) increased by 4.44%-17.90%. Largest yields and NPP during both seasons were achieved with CSD.&#9314;Net carbon sequestration was positive during both seasons in all treatments without CK, indicating a carbon sink effect. The highest net carbon sequestration was obtained with CSD (9.05 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) and BC (10.75 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>) treatments. The lowest carbon emissions were obtained with the BC treatment, with emissions 62.69%-81.86% lower than CK. &#9315;The highest production to cost ratio was obtained with CS treatments during the rape planting season. Application of only biochar reduced the production to cost ratio but increased the carbon trading income (466.95-561.22 yuan&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>).&#9316;BC treatment increased carbon productivity (C<inf>P</inf>) in both seasons, while the economic (C<inf>J</inf>) and ecological benefits(C<inf>E</inf>) of BC treatment were significantly lower than with other treatments. The addition of straw increases economic and ecological benefits; however, addition of biochar reduces such benefits.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Carbon - Costs - Crops - Economic and social effects - Ecosystems - Emission control - Fertilizers - Forestry - Soils - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Carbon balance - Carbon benefits - Carbon productivities - Economic and environmental benefits - Net primary productivity - Purple soils - Soil carbon sequestration
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 911  Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 971  Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.49e+00% to 3.92e+00%, Percentage 4.44e+00% to 1.79e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+01% to 8.19e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712051

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20184906207380
Title:Reactivation Performance of Nitrosation Flocculent Sludge After Long-term Storage
Authors:Li, Tian (1); Wei, Fan-Kai (1); Wang, Yu-Chang (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1, 2, 3); Wu, Peng (1, 2, 3); Song, Yin-Ling (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Peng(wupengniu@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4310-4316
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to explore the nitrogen removal performance of nitrosation flocculent sludge subject to long-term storage, nitrosation flocculent sludge which had been stored at 4&#8451; for ten months was inoculated in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) to investigate its activity recovery performance. MiSeq high throughput sequencing technology was also employed to analyze the structure of the microbial community before and after reactivation. Results showed that, under DO control of DO 0.4-0.8 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, pH value of about 8 and temperature of (30&plusmn;1)&#8451;, the sludge could be reactivated in 15 days. Both the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and the accumulation ratio of nitrite nitrogen were higher than 90%. The color of the sludge quickly changed from grey at early inoculation to brown, while the sludge volume index (SVI) quickly decreased and both mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS)/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and extracellular polymer substances (EPS) significantly increased. With the recovery of nitrosation performance, anaerobic and heterotrophic bacteria were washed out, the relative abundance of ammomia-oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrosomonas significantly increased, while the growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrospria was selectively inhibited. Nitrosation flocculent sludge could be inoculated after long-term storage to achieve rapid start-up of partial nitrification and allow practical application of partial nitrification processes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Chemical reactors - Nitrification - Tanks (containers)
Uncontrolled terms:Continuous stirred tank reactor - Extracellular polymer substance - Flocculent sludge - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial community structures - Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria - Reactivation
Classification code:619.2  Tanks - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.11e-02yr, Mass_Density 4.00e-04kg/m3 to 8.00e-04kg/m3, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802118

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20184906207366
Title:Effects of Aquaculture on Ammonia-oxidizing Prokaryotes in Sediments of Eastern Lake Taihu
Authors:Chu, Yu (1, 2); He, Xiao-Wei (1, 2); Zeng, Jin (2); Zhao, Da-Yong (1); Sun, Qiang (3); Cao, Ping (3); Wu, Qing-Long (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) Taihu Fishery Management Committee Office, Suzhou; 215004, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Da-Yong(dyzhao@hhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4206-4214
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in sediments of an aquacultural area of Eastern Lake Taihu were investigated. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyze the abundance of archaeal and bacterial amoA genes. Cloned libraries were constructed to investigate the structure and diversity of the microbial community. By comparing community characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in different zones, we found that: &#9312;Copy numbers of the bacterial amoA gene outnumbered those of archaeal amoA genes in the aquacultural zone; &#9313;Diversity of AOA and AOB was higher in the aquaculture zone and control zone, respectively; &#9314; The dominant cluster of AOA and AOB in both sediments of aquiculture zone and control zone was Nitrosopumilus and Nitrosospira respectively. It was therefore the community structure of AOA (rather than AOB) in lake sediments that was affected by aquacultural activity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Aquaculture - Cloning - Genes - Lakes - Polymerase chain reaction - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Ammonia-oxidizing archaea - Ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes - Community structures - Lake taihu - Microbial communities - Real-time quantitative PCR
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8.1  Genetic Engineering - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711110

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20184906207375
Title:Effects of Long-term Side Stream Extracton on Phosphorus Removal and Recovery Performance of EBPR System
Authors:Yu, Xiao-Jun (1); Li, Jie (1); Zhou, Meng (1); Song, Lu (1); Li, Wei-Wei (2); Wang, Ya-E (1); Ma, Juan (1, 3); L&uuml;, Hui (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Gansu Light Industry Research Institute, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (3) Gansu Wastewater Treatment Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (4) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Juan(meggyma@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4274-4280
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with alternating anaerobic/oxic (An/O) operation was employed to investigate nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance and corresponding phosphate recovery effect of an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system when extracting side stream ratios of 0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 anaerobic phosphorus supernatant. The operation involved three runs within 310 days. Removal efficiencies of COD and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were found to be relatively stable over the entire experimental period and effluent could meet standard A of the national discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants. Total nitrogen removal improved due to enhancement of denitrification capability during the anaerobic phase, and the standard-reaching rate increased from 88.2% to 98.6%. Although phosphate releasing capability gradually decreased, phosphorus removal performances of the former two runs were stable and efficient. The removal rate was&gt;90% and the corresponding standard-reaching rate was&gt;75%. Nevertheless, phosphorus removal performance began to fluctuate with a side stream ratio of 1/2 during the third run. The lowest phosphorus removal rate was 54.2%, contributing to a 60% non-standard-reaching rate in this run. This suggests that long-term extraction of 1/2 side stream supernatant is not favorable for maintaining stable effluent of the main process. It was also found that long-term phosphate recovery through side stream extraction allowed reduction of sludge mass and had little impact on sludge settling performance. As a result, it is feasible to extract an appropriate side stream ratio of anaerobic supernatant to recover phosphate, combined with efficient removal of both nitrogen and phosphorus in the main process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Biological water treatment
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Extraction - Nitrogen removal - Recovery - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic supernatant - Enhanced biological phosphorus removal - Long-term - Phosphate recovery - Side streams
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.49e-01yr, Percentage 5.42e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 8.82e+01% to 9.86e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20184906207349
Title:Enrichment Levels and Comprehensive Pollution Assessment of Dust Heavy Metals in Winter in Beijing
Authors:Xiong, Qiu-Lin (1, 2); Zhao, Wen-Ji (2); Li, Da-Jun (1); Zhou, Tao (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Geomatics, East China University of Technology, Nanchang; 330013, China; (2) School of Resources, Environment &amp; Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (3) College of Tourism and Urban Rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu; 610059, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Wen-Ji(zhwenji1215@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4051-4059
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dust reflects the natural subsidence of particles and is thus generally accepted as an important environmental indicator. Dust heavy metals find their way into soil or water via atmospheric deposition, potentially damaging plants, aquatic organisms, as well as human beings. In order to study the concentration levels, enrichment degrees, and comprehensive pollution characteristics of the dust heavy metals Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, V, Bi, and Mo in winter in Beijing, 49 groups of dust samples were collected from different locations within the city from November 2013 to March 2014. Heavy metal content (mass percentage) was then measured using Elan DRC &#8545; type inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results showed that the average content of Cd, Bi, and Mo was less than 10 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, that of Co, Ni, and V was between 10 and 100 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, while that of Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn was more than 100 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The amount of Cd, Zn, and Cu in dust samples was generally higher than their secondary standard values in the soil environment. The secondary standard excess rates of Cd, Zn, and Cu were 100 %, 97 %, and 93.9 % in urban environments, and 100 %, 100 %, and 81.2 % in suburban environments, respectively. Results also indicated slight enrichment of Bi, Cu, Ni, and Pb, mainly derived from crustal or soil sources, while Cd, Cr, Mo, and Zn, exhibited mild enrichment, caused by a combination of natural and artificial sources. The paper proposes a "dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index" model, based on the traditional single pollution assessment method, so as to explore comprehensive pollution characteristics of dust heavy metals in Beijing. Results for the dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index in Beijing City were in the order of Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;V&gt;Co. Cd, Zn, Cu, and Pb were identified as key pollution factors, with Cd and Zn as primary factors. Results for the dust heavy metal comprehensive pollution index in Beijing suburbs was Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;Co&gt;V. Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cr were key pollution factors, with Cd and Zn as primary factors.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Aquatic organisms - Dust - Heavy metals - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Meteorological problems - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric depositions - Concentration levels - Enrichment factors - Environmental indicators - Heavy metal contents - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries (ICPMS) - Key pollution factors - Pollution index
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 801  Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.12e+01%, Percentage 9.39e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201707194

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20184906207364
Title:Impact of Human Activities on Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs (NANI) at Township Scale in Erhai Lake Basin
Authors:Li, Ying (1); Liu, Hong-Bin (1); Lei, Qiu-Liang (1); Hu, Wan-Li (2); Wang, Hong-Yuan (1); Zhai, Li-Mei (1); Ren, Tian-Zhi (3); Lian, Hui-Shu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resources &amp; Environment, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming; 650205, China; (3) Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin; 300191, China 
Corresponding author:Lei, Qiu-Liang(leiqiuliang@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4189-4198
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Excessive nitrogen inputs from human activities have become the main cause of water eutrophication and related ecological hazards. In order to study the impact of human activities on nitrogen in the basin, and based on statistical data of administrative units in 16 towns and villages, this study used the NANI model to calculate net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) at township scale in Erhai Lake basin. Results show that the total amount of NANI in Erhai Lake basin was 29.81&times;10<sup>3</sup> t in 2014, and nitrogen input intensity per unit area was 10 986 kg&bull;(km<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>, significantly higher than the national average. The input of nitrogen from food by the local tourist population was 0.26&times;10<sup>3</sup> t, accounting for 8% of local food nitrogen input. Nitrogen input from chemical fertilizer is the largest NANI input source, accounting for 47% of net nitrogen input in the basin, followed by net nitrogen input of food and feed. The spatial distribution of NANI at township scale shows evident regionalization, with higher values in the north and lower values in the south of the basin. The intensity of NANI in towns with cropland or population is high. The corresponding risk of nitrogen pollution in Erhai Lake basin is therefore a primary concern, and will remain so in the near future.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms:Eutrophication - Lakes - Nitrogen
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Ecological hazards - Erhai lake basins - Human activities - Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs(NANI) - Nitrogen pollution - Township scale - Water eutrophication
Classification code:804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.70e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712079

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20184906207381
Title:Analysis of Characteristics and Sources of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils in the Xijiang River Draining of Guangxi
Authors:Song, Bo (1, 2); Zhang, Yun-Xia (1); Pang, Rui (1); Yang, Zi-Jie (1); Bin, Juan (1); Zhou, Zi-Yang (1); Chen, Tong-Bin (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Tong-Bin(chentb@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4317-4326
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to determine the distribution characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils and related influencing factors in the Xijiang River Basin, 2 187 farmland soil samples were collected and their heavy metal contents were tested. The spatial structure and distribution characteristics of heavy metal elements were studied using a combination of geostatistics theory and GIS spatial interpolation. The potential ecological risk index was employed for risk assessment. Multivariate statistical methods, such as correlation analysis and principal component analysis, were used to analyze heavy metal sources. Results showed that farmland soils in the Basin were enriched with seven kinds of heavy metal to some extent, with Cd accumulation being the most evident. T-test independent samples results showed significant differences in heavy metal content between dry and field paddy soils (P&lt;0.05). Cd content in paddy soils was significantly higher than in corresponding dry land soils. Cd in farmland soils in Xijiang River exhibited higher potential ecological risk. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that enrichment of Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Cu in soil was due to anthropogenic factors such as mining activities, traffic, and sewage irrigation, while Ni and Cr were influenced by natural factors, such as soil parent material. High-content areas of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in the upper reaches of the basin are all distributed in the Diaojiang River basin and the Dahuanjiang River basin. Cd was most widely distributed. The most intensive sampling sites indicated that mining activities have caused some degree of heavy metal pollution in local farmland soils.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Farms - Fertilizers - Heavy metals - Irrigation - Land reclamation - Metal analysis - Multivariant analysis - Principal component analysis - Risk assessment  - Rivers - Sewage - Soil pollution - Soils - Spatial distribution - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution characteristics - Ecological risks - Heavy metal pollution - Multivariate statistical method - Potential ecological risk - River basins - Source analysis - Spatial interpolation
Classification code:442.2  Land Reclamation - 444.1  Surface Water - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712161

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20184906207347
Title:Concentrations, Sources, and Dry Deposition Fluxes of Different Forms of Phosphorus in Qingdao Aerosols in Summer
Authors:Wang, Nan (1); Ma, Miao (1); Shi, Jin-Hui (1, 2); Gao, Hui-Wang (1, 2); Yao, Xiao-Hong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, Jin-Hui(engroup@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4034-4041
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected in Qingdao from June to July 2016. Different forms of phosphorus in these samples-including total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were analyzed to investigate their distribution characteristics and sources, as well as their dry deposition fluxes. Results showed that the mass concentration of TP in aerosols was (49.3&plusmn;30.6) ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and the concentration of DP was (15.5&plusmn;10.4) ng&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, accounting for 30.9%&plusmn;11.0% of TP. DIP dominated in dissolved state P, contributing about 60%. The sources of different forms of P were analyzed, showing that the P in Qingdao aerosols in summer was derived from both crustal and anthropogenic sources, with the latter including biomass burning and agricultural fertilization. TP was mainly derived from soil sources, which contributed 38%, while the contribution of agricultural activities and industrial sources was about 20%. DIP in DP was mainly derived from agricultural activities and combustion sources, with contributions of 51% and 24%, respectively. DOP was mainly derived from soil sources and agricultural activities, contributing 41% and 27% respectively. The dry deposition flux of TP in Qingdao was (51.7&plusmn;31.7) &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, of which 23.2%&plusmn;8.2% was the water-soluble fraction. DOP in the total dry deposition flux of DP was non-negligible, accounting for 40%. The atmospheric deposition of soluble P would support phytoplankton carbon production of (0.5&plusmn;0.3) mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, contributing about 1% to new productivity in the Yellow Sea.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Deposition
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Agriculture - Dissolution - Meteorological problems - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved inorganic phosphorus - Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) - Dissolved phosphorus - Dry deposition fluxes - Total phosphorus
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+01%, Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 4.10e+01%, Percentage 5.10e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802089

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20184906207340
Title:Emission Inventory and Prediction of Non-road Machineries in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Authors:Huang, Cheng (1); An, Jing-Yu (1); Lu, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Protection of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3965-3975
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An air pollutant emission inventory of non-road machineries for the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region was developed, based on local surveys and relative indicator predictions for cities in the region. Population, fuel consumption, and air pollutant emissions of non-road machineries were predicted for the period 2005 to 2025. The population of non-road machineries in the YRD region in 2014 was 8.23&times;10<sup>6</sup> units, diesel consumption was about 9.95&times;10<sup>6</sup> t, and SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, CO, VOCs, PM<inf>10</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions were 5.5&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 4.9&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 7.6&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 1.1&times;10<sup>5</sup>, 2.9&times;10<sup>4</sup>, and 2.7&times;10<sup>4</sup> t, respectively. Agricultural machineries accounted for 93% of the total population, with their CO and VOC emissions contributing 88% and 77% of respective totals. Construction machineries contributed 49% and 35% of NO<inf>x</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions. Air pollutant emissions from non-road machineries were mainly concentrated in the middle and northern cities of the YRD region. During the period 2005-2014, the growth rates of population, fuel consumption, and air pollutant emissions of non-road machineries in the YRD region were relatively high. It is estimated that growth will be slowing down in 2020 and 2025. Diesel consumption will increase by 2% and 8% in 2020 and 2025, respectively, compared with 2014 levels. By 2020, SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, CO, VOCs, PM<inf>10</inf>, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions will decrease by 97%, 10%, 3%, 10%, 11%, and 11%, respectively; by 2025, these decreases will reach 97%, 16%, 3%, 15%, 21%, and 21%, respectively. It is expected that air pollutant emissions from non-road machineries will continue to decline in future. However, the decreasing trend of NO<inf>x</inf>, VOCs, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> emissions from motor vehicles reached 22%, 50%, and 48%, much greater than that of non-road machinery. The emission contributions of non-road machinery will become increasingly significant in future. It is necessary to accelerate the scrappage of old machinery and to further promote emission standards for new machinery to reduce emissions from non-road machineries.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Air quality - Construction equipment - Nitrogen oxides - Population statistics - Rivers - Roads and streets - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Air pollutant emission - Construction machinery - Diesel consumption - Emission inventories - Emission projections - Emission standard - Non-road machineries - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:405.1  Construction Equipment - 406.2  Roads and Streets - 451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.10e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 4.80e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 7.70e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20184906207344
Title:Mass Concentrations and Size Distributions of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Atmospheric Aerosols in Beibei District, Chongqing
Authors:Li, Yan-Pei (1); Hao, Qing-Ju (1); Wen, Tian-Xue (2); Ji, Dong-Sheng (2); Liu, Zi-Rui (2); Wang, Yue-Si (2); Jiang, Chang-Sheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Chang-Sheng(jiangcs@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4002-4013
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the concentration and distribution characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in aerosol particles of the Beibei district of Chongqing, aerosol samples were collected with an Andersen cascade impactor between March 2014 and February 2015. Water-soluble inorganic ions, including Na<sup>+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, F<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> were determined for different particle sizes (9.00, 5.80, 4.70, 3.30, 2.10, 1.10, 0.65, and 0.43 &mu;m) using the ion chromatography method. Results showed that SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup> were mainly distributed in fine particles, while Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, and F<sup>-</sup> were mainly present in coarse particles. SNA (SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) exhibited clear unimodal distribution, with peaks in the droplet mode of 0.65-1.10 &mu;m, mainly present in the form of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> in fine particles. The formation of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> is mainly attributed to in-cloud processes and partly to oxidation of SO<inf>2</inf>. Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> exhibited bimodal distribution in coarse and fine particles; K<sup>+</sup> was a single peak distribution in the range of 0.43-1.10 &mu;m, while peaks of F<sup>-</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations were in coarse particles. Average annual concentrations of total water-soluble ions in PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf> were (32.68&plusmn;15.28) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>and (48.01&plusmn;19.66) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> over the observation period. Seasonal variations of PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf>concentrations decreased in the order of winter&gt;spring&gt;summer&gt;autumn. This was the same for most ions, but a small number of ions (F<sup>-</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>) had a different pattern in the spring, summer, and winter. The SNA were the major components of water-soluble ions in PM<inf>2.1</inf>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> was the major component of water-soluble ions in PM<inf>9.0</inf> besides SNA. The concentration of cations was significantly higher than that of anions' in PM<inf>2.1</inf> and PM<inf>9.0</inf>, with a certain correlation between different ions. Emissions from motor vehicle exhaust, combustion processes, soil sources, and fugitive dust were the major sources of water-soluble ions in this area. The effect of air temperature on secondary ions is significant (P&lt;0.05), but relative humidity and wind speed have no significant effect (P&gt;0.05).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:59
Main heading:Ions
Controlled terms:Atmospheric aerosols - Atmospheric humidity - Ion chromatography - Meteorological instruments - Nitrogen compounds - Size distribution - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Different particle sizes - Distribution characteristics - PM2.1 - PM9.0 - Seasonal variation - Unimodal distribution - Water soluble inorganic ions - Water-soluble ions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.2  Meteorological Instrumentation - 801  Chemistry - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.30e-07m to 1.10e-06m, Size 4.30e-07m, Size 6.50e-07m to 1.10e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712077

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 68>

Accession number:20184906207363
Title:Effect of Zirconium-modified Zeolite Addition on Phosphorus Release and Immobilization in Heavily Polluted River Sediment
Authors:He, Si-Qi (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Lin, Jian-Wei (1); Zhan, Yan-Hui (1); Li, Juan-Ying (1); Xing, Yun-Qing (1); Gao, Chun-Mei (1); Huang, Hong (1); Liang, Shu-Jing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, Jian-Wei(jwlin@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4179-4188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The effect of zirconium-modified zeolite (ZrMZ) addition on the release and immobilization of phosphorus in heavily polluted river sediment was investigated using microcosm incubation experiments. Results showed that addition of ZrMZ to sediment greatly reduced concentrations of P in pore water and overlying water, also reducing the release flux of P across the interface between overlying water and sediment. The addition of ZrMZ to sediment resulted in the transformation of NH<inf>4</inf>Cl extractable P (NH<inf>4</inf>Cl-P), Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/NaHCO<inf>3</inf> extractable P (BD-P), and HCl extractable P (HCl-P) into NaOH extractable P (NaOH-rP) and residual P (Res-P) in sediment, thereby leading to the reduction of mobile P (sum of NH<inf>4</inf>Cl-P and BD-P) in sediment. Content of bioavailable P (BAP) including water soluble P (WSP), readily desorbable P (RDP), iron oxide paper strip extractable P (FeO-P), and anion resin extractable P (Resin-P) in sediment also declined following addition of ZrMZ. Control of P release from sediment by ZrMZ could be due to reduction of P in pore water and immobilization of P in sediment. Results of this work indicate that ZrMZ is very promising for controlling P release from sediments in heavily polluted rivers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Iron oxides - Phosphorus - Radioactive waste vitrification - Resins - River pollution - Rivers - Sodium hydroxide - Water - Waterworks  - Zeolites - Zirconium - Zirconium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Anion resins - Bioavailable - Modified zeolite - Overlying water - Phosphorus release - Polluted rivers - Release - Watersoluble
Classification code:446  Waterworks - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1  Organic Polymers
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801116

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 69>

Accession number:20184906207355
Title:Composition, Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River
Authors:Zhao, Xia-Ting (1); Li, Shan (1); Wang, Zhao-Wei (1); Xie, Xiao-Yun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou; 730000, China 
Corresponding author:Xie, Xiao-Yun(xiexiaoyun@lzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4105-4113
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in riverine systems can be affected by environmental conditions and land-use, and can thus provide important information regarding anthropogenic activities in surrounding landscapes. It can modify the optical properties of waters and affect the balance and availability of dissolved nutrients and metals in water bodies. However, the characteristics of CDOM in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River have not yet been reported. In this study, the optical properties of water samples collected at 32 locations during April 2017 across the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River were examined using UV-VIS and excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), to determine CDOM compositional changes, spatial distribution characteristics, and sources. Cluster analysis was used to categorize samples into groups of similar pollution levels within a study area. Results showed that CDOM was primarily comprised of low molecular weight organic substances with aromatic structure belonging to complex "protein-like-humic-like" substances, and dominated by protein-like substances (organism sources). Two humic-like components (C1, C4), one tryptophan-like component (C2), and one non-humic-like component (C3) were identified by PARAFAC. Tryptophan-like substances were predominant in the components of CDOM, accounting for 51.06% of average total fluorescence intensity. Humic-like materials and non-humic-like substances accounted for 36.74% and 12.20%, respectively. Weak correlations were observed between protein-like substances and humic-like substances, indicating different sources of these components. The distribution of total fluorescence intensity showed a distinct spatial pattern; trends in fluorescence intensity were weak-strong-weak along an upstream to downstream continuum, mainly affected by changes in the content of protein-like substances. The spatial variation of the CDOM in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River can therefore be assessed based on protein-like materials dynamics. Public spaces along rivers offer opportunities for community gatherings and recreational activities. However, high-intensity anthropogenic activities strongly influence CDOM concentration and composition in this area in different ways; sources include increased residential/commercial wastewater, catering, water recreation facilities pollution, shipping, and a small amount of industrial discharge. In addition, it was concluded that endogenetic pollution may become the main source of internal loading in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River, implying that stronger endogenetic pollution control is needed to alleviate CDOM pollution and improve water quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biogeochemistry - Cluster analysis - Dissolution - Factor analysis - Fluorescence - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Land use - Multivariant analysis - Optical emission spectroscopy  - Optical properties - Organic compounds - Proteins - Quality control - Rivers - Spatial distribution - Water pollution control - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption property - Chromophoric dissolved organic matter - Fluorescence properties - Parallel factor analysis - Yellow river
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 481.2  Geochemistry - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 921  Mathematics - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 941.4  Optical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 3.67e+01%, Percentage 5.11e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711181

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 70>

Accession number:20184906207369
Title:Distribution Characteristics of Sulfonamides and Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Bacteria in Tannery Wastewater Treatment Processes
Authors:Hua, Li (1); Li, Lu (1); Yang, Chun-Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an; 710021, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4229-4235
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study investigated abundance and distribution of three sulfonamides and sulfonamide-resistant bacteria in the wastewater treatment processes of two tannery wastewater plants, as well as the extent of their removal in different treatment units of the plants. Results showed that the three sulfonamides were detected in two different tannery wastewater treatment processes, with total content in water samples of 59.1-706.7 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The content of sulfonamides in excess sludge samples from the two plants was 4 388 ng&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>and 2 979.4 ng&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Antibiotic content was therefore similar to that in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The three sulfonamides were removed in two different sewage treatment processes; both led to removal extents&gt;70%. Antibiotic removal extent was relatively high in the biological unit, especially in anaerobic tanks (removal extent&gt;50%). Eight strains of resistant bacteria were screened out from influent, effluent, and excess sludge samples of the two plants. These were identified as five kinds of sulfonamide-resistant bacteria. The content of resistant bacteria in influent and effluent was between 9.37&times;10<sup>3</sup>-5.08&times;10<sup>5</sup> CFU&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup>and the content of sulfonamides was 1.17&times;10<sup>7</sup> CFU&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>and 7.2&times;10<sup>6</sup> CFU&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>in excess sludge samples. The removal extent of sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria in the two plants was 1.34 log and 2.15 log, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Wastewater treatment
Controlled terms:Amides - Antibiotics - Bacteria - Effluents - Reclamation - Sewage treatment - Sulfur compounds - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Abundance - Antibiotic-resistant bacteria - Distribution characteristics - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Sewage treatment process - Tannery wastewater - Tannery wastewater treatment - Wastewater treatment process
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.91e-08kg/m3 to 7.07e-07kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710173

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 71>

Accession number:20184906207382
Title:Soil Organic Carbon of Purple Soil as Affected by Different Application of Biochar
Authors:Luo, Mei (1); Tian, Dong (1); Gao, Ming (1); Huang, Rong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Ming(gaoming@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4327-4337
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the most important part of the soil carbon pool and soil labile organic carbon is a key indicator of changes in the soil carbon pool. In order to study changes in SOC and its labile components with different biochar additions to soil, a field experiment was conducted at Chongqing National Purple Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency of Long-Term Monitoring Station. Different amounts of biochar (0 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, CK; 4 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, 0.5 BC; 8 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, BC; 16 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, 2BC) combined with fertilizer were applied to purple soil in this hilly area. SOC and soil labile carbon content were determined for purple soil rape-maize rotation systems. Results showed that: &#9312; Application of biochar can significantly improve SOC content; within a certain range, the amount of added biochar is correlated with SOC content. The content of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) increased with application of 8 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> biochar, but decreased with application of 4 000 and 16 000 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>. The content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and readily oxidized carbon (ROC) in soil increased with different amounts of biochar; the highest DOC (198.83 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) and ROC (4.86 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) were obtained under low biochar addition treatments. &#9313; The application of biochar significantly decreases the ratio of soil ROC to SOC and microbial entropy. The ratio of soil ROC to SOC and microbial entropy of 0.5 BC treatment are 20.45% and 4.11%, respectively, lower than for CK. Moreover, 0.5 BC and BC treatments can significantly improve the ratio of soil DOC to SOC. In summary, biochar addition in soil leads to low soil microbial activity but higher soil stability. An appropriate biochar treatment can stimulate accumulation of SOC, and 0.5BC treatment can improve soil DOC and ROC.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Entropy - Fertilizers - Organic carbon - Stream flow
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Dissolved organic carbon - Fertilizer efficiency - Long term monitoring - SMBC - Soil microbial activities - Soil microbial biomass carbons - Soil organic carbon
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.04e+01%, Percentage 4.11e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711067

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 72>

Accession number:20184906207386
Title:Effects of Different Levels of Irrigation with Reclaimed Water on Soil Enzyme Activity and Distribution of Thermotolerant Coliforms
Authors:Han, Yang (1, 2); Li, Ping (1, 3); Qi, Xue-Bin (1, 3); Cui, Bing-Jian (1, 3); Chang, Di (1, 2); Ma, Huan-Huan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453003, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Water Environment Factor Risk Assessment Laboratory of Agricultural Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang; 453003, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, Xue-Bin(qxb6301@sina.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4366-4374
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study aimed to discern the effect of different levels of irrigation with reclaimed water on soil enzyme activities and on the distribution of thermotolerant coliforms. The effects of two irrigation water qualities (reclaimed water and tap water) and two irrigation levels (full irrigation and insufficient irrigation) on soil enzyme activity and distribution of thermotolerant coliforms were studied through indoor soil column irrigation. Results indicated that: &#9312; Reclaimed water irrigation increased soil urease and invertase activity compared with tap water under the same irrigation conditions. Compared with insufficient irrigation with reclaimed water, full irrigation with reclaimed water significantly increased soil invertase activity and deep soil catalase activity. &#9313; At the same irrigation level, the number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil significantly increased with reclaimed water irrigation. The number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil under full irrigation with reclaimed water was significantly higher than with insufficient irrigation using reclaimed water. The number of thermotolerant coliforms in surface soil of the four irrigated treatments was significantly higher than in the deep soil layer, and with progression of irrigation, the number of thermotolerant coliforms in the 0-60 cm soil layer decreased. &#9314; There was a significant positive correlation between the quantity of thermotolerant coliforms and the activity of soil urease and invertase, and between the quantity of thermotolerant coliforms and the activity of soil catalase. Reclaimed water therefore promoted enzyme activity that can promote transformation of C and N in soil. Reasonable irrigation with reclaimed water can therefore effectively control the number of thermotolerant coliforms in soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Enzyme activity - Reclamation - Soils - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Coliforms - Invertase activity - Irrigation level - Irrigation water quality - Positive correlations - Re-claimed water - Soil column - Soil enzyme activity
Classification code:445.2  Water Analysis - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 6.00e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801126

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 73>

Accession number:20184906207358
Title:Seasonal Variations in River Water Chemical Weathering and Its Influence Factors in the Malian River Basin
Authors:Wang, Yu-Shan (1); Han, Shuang-Bao (1); Deng, Qi-Jun (1); Qi, Xiao-Fan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Baoding; 071051, China; (2) School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geoscience, Beijing; 100083, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4132-4141
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to discern temporal variations, sources, and controlling factors of river water chemistry in the Malian River Basin, time series samples were collected from the Yuluoping hydrological station in 2016. The compositions of major cations and anions were analyzed and a forward model was used to calculate the weathering rates of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate. Results showed that river water was brackish with average total dissolved solids of 1 154.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, indicating significant differences from other main rivers in China. Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> were the major ions present in water, with mean concentrations of 202.8, 86.0, 78.6, and 431.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> respectively. Water chemistry exhibited distinct seasonal variations, with major ions gradually declining during the pre-monsoon period and increasing in the post-monsoon period. An abrupt rise in concentrations of major ions during the ice melting interval was observed, as well as a sharp drop during stormy events. Dissolved loads were mainly derived from chemical weathering, with the contribution ratios of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate being 67.1%, 13.7%, and 19.2% respectively. Chemical processes showed different responses to climate forcing, attributed to variations in mineral content in the watershed and dissolution kinetics. The dominant contribution of evaporite in the monsoon season was due to its rapid dissolution, while silicate weathering increased during the pre-monsoon period, with longer water rock interaction times when water discharge was lower. During the post-monsoon season, carbonate weathering was enhanced due to its high content in loess and due to more CO<inf>2</inf> absorption by rain from soil. The average chemical weathering rates of evaporite, silicate, and carbonate were 30.6, 6.2, and 8.7 kg&bull;(km<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. A strong correlation between evaporite weathering rates and river discharge was evident; a correlation was also observed between carbonate weathering rates and river discharge, indicating that water discharge played a dominant role in chemical weathering, rather than temperature or precipitation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Weathering
Controlled terms:Atmospheric thermodynamics - Carbonation - Dissolution - Hydrochemistry - Ions - Rivers - Silicates - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonate weathering - Chemical weathering - Dissolution kinetics - Dominant contributions - Evaporites - Seasonal variation - Total dissolved solids - Water rock interactions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 444.1  Surface Water - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.54e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.31e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.37e+01%, Percentage 1.92e+01%, Percentage 6.71e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801096

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 74>

Accession number:20184906207357
Title:Comparative Characteristics of Optical Absorption in Waters from Yiluo River and Huntai River in Spring
Authors:Li, Liu-Yang (1, 2); Shao, Tian-Tian (1); Zhang, Xin (3); Song, Yan-Yan (1, 2); Su, Dong-Hui (1, 2); Wang, Tao (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development and Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475001, China; (2) College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475001, China; (3) College of Geoscience and surveying Engineering, China University of Mining &amp; Technology, Beijing; 100086, China 
Corresponding author:Shao, Tian-Tian(shaotiantian@vip.henu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4122-4131
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The absorption characteristics, composition, spatial variability, and relative contribution of optically active constituents over the range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm) were analyzed from samples collected in the Yiluo and Huntai Rivers in May 2017 and 2013, respectively. Results demonstrated that the absorption curves of total suspended particulates [a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;)] were similar to those of non-algae particles [a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;)]. Significant correlations between a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) and a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;) were obtained, especially at 440 nm, with r=0.968 in the Yiluo River and r=0.899 in the Huntai River. Meanwhile, positive correlations between a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) and the absorption of phytoplankton [a<inf>ph</inf>(&lambda;)] were observed at 675 nm. a<inf>p</inf>(&lambda;) in the two basins was dominated by a<inf>d</inf>(&lambda;). Moreover, the composition of auxiliary pigments and chloropyhll a concentration [Chla] showed more significant spatial variations based on a<inf>ph</inf>(440)/a<inf>ph</inf>(675) in the Yiluo River than in the Huntai River. In addition, CDOM absorption slopes (S<inf>CDOM</inf>) indicated that CDOM composition in the Yiluo River was dominated by exogenous substances; in comparison, the Huntai River had more endogenous substances. S<inf>CDOM</inf> in the Yiluo River was lower than in the Huntai River, indicating that the CDOM composition of the Yiluo River was inclined towards high molecular weights. Furthermore, M<inf>r</inf> [a<inf>CDOM</inf>(250)/a<inf>CDOM</inf>(365)] showed greater ranges and lower mean values in the Yiluo River than in the Huntai River, confirming that CDOM molecular weight varied greatly in the former. CDOM molecular weight in the Huntai River was also lower than in the Yiluo River, in accordance with S<inf>CDOM</inf> results.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Light absorption - Molecular weight
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption characteristics - CDOM - Endogenous substances - Particulate Matter - Photosynthetically active radiation - Positive correlations - Spatial differences - Total suspended particulates
Classification code:741.1  Light/Optics - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.00e-07m to 7.00e-07m, Size 4.40e-07m, Size 6.75e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201710239

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 75>

Accession number:20184906207353
Title:Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Pollution Risk in a Riverside Source Area Based on Source Apportionment
Authors:Gao, Xiang (1, 2); Zuo, Rui (1, 2); Guo, Xue-Ru (1, 2); Meng, Li (1, 2); Liu, Xin (1, 2); Wang, Bin (3); Teng, Yan-Guo (1, 2); Wang, Jin-Sheng (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education, Beijing; 100875, China; (3) Center for Environmental Risk and Damage Assessment, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Zuo, Rui(zr@bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4086-4095
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Riverbank filtration is internationally accepted as a safe new method for extracting drinking water. This paper describes the structure and characteristics of pollution sources in the Hulan water source area of Harbin during wet and dry seasons, based on groundwater pollution sources apportionment technology. Pollution risk of the water source area was also assessed using the pollution sources-pathway-receptor model. Impacts on water quality safety under the collective effects of seasonal changes and human activities were then analyzed. Results showed that groundwater pollution sources have different spatial distribution characteristics based on pollution source apportionment during wet and dry seasons, with four principal influencing factors: &#9312;water-rock interaction caused by exploitation of water sources, &#9313; natural geological processes resulting from dissolution of iron manganese minerals, and pollution by &#9314; nitrogen and &#9315; organics in response to human activities. Pollution risk assessment showed that water sources were at low risk during both wet and dry seasons. However, the south area of the water source area showed high groundwater pollution risk during the wet season, while other high-risk areas were mainly distributed around the riverbanks and densely populated areas during the dry season. These findings indicate that human activities greatly influence groundwater pollution risk during the dry season; accordingly, this season should be the focus of integrated water quality management and control for the water source area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Water pollution control
Controlled terms:Drought - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Manganese mines - Potable water - Principal component analysis - Quality control - Quality management - Risk assessment - River pollution  - Water conservation - Water filtration - Water management - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristics of pollution - Distribution characteristics - Pollution source apportionments - Riverbank filtration - Seasonal changes - Source apportionment - Water rock interactions - Water source
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 444.2  Groundwater - 445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 504.1  Light Metal Mines - 912.2  Management - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801275

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 76>

Accession number:20184906207345
Title:Analysis of Seasonal Variations in Chemical Characteristics and Sources of PM<inf>2.5</inf> During Summer and Winter in Ji'nan City
Authors:Liu, Xiao-Di (1); Meng, Jing-Jing (1, 2); Hou, Zhan-Fang (1, 2); Li, Jing (1); Xing, Ji-Zhao (1); Wei, Ben-Jie (1); Zhang, Er-Xun (1); Liu, Jia-Zhen (1); Dong, Jie (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng; 252000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an; 710061, China 
Corresponding author:Meng, Jing-Jing(mengjingjing@lcu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4014-4025
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate seasonal variations in the chemical compositions of aerosols in Ji'nan City, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected during summer and winter in 2015. The sampling period lasted one month during each season. PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were analyzed for the composition, concentration, and sources of water-soluble inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). Results showed that mass concentrations of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in winter were about twice those in summer, and concentration levels varied between fine and excellent. The concentrations of total water-soluble inorganic ions were also higher in winter than in summer, with SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> being the dominant species and well correlated with each other. NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> in PM<inf>2.5</inf> mostly existed in the form of (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and NH<inf>4</inf>NO<inf>3</inf> in both summer and winter. There was strong secondary oxidation of SO<inf>2</inf> and NO<inf>2</inf>. The sulfate oxidizing rate (SOR) was higher in summer than in winter, while the nitrate oxidizing rate (NOR) showed the opposite trend. The ratio of anions to cations in both summer and winter were less than one, suggesting that PM<inf>2.5</inf> were slightly alkaline. The ISORROPIA-II mode showed that acidity in winter was stronger than in summer. Concentations of OC and EC were both higher in winter than in summer. The ratios of OC to EC and WSOC to OC and estimated concentrations of secondary organic carbon (SOC) showed that secondary pollution was more serious in winter than in summer. Principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that the major sources contributing to inorganic ions were secondary oxidation and biomass burning in summer, and coal combustion and secondary pollutants formed by chemical oxidation of precursors emitted from coal combustion in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Chemical analysis - Ions - Nitrogen compounds - Organic carbon - Oxidation - Pollution - Principal component analysis - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonaceous components - Ji'nan cities - PM2.5 - Seasonal variation - Water-soluble ions
Classification code:521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801081

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 77>

Accession number:20184906207361
Title:Phosphorus Forms and Distribution Characteristics in the Sediment and Soil of the Water-Level-fluctuating Zone in the Main Stream of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Zhang, Zhi-Yong (1, 2); Wan, Cheng-Yan (2); Hu, Hong-Qing (1); Peng, Jian-Hua (2); Hou, Juan (1); Ding, Qing-Qiu (2); Yuan, Yu-Jie (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan; 430079, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Hong-Qing(hqhu@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4161-4168
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Hydrological regimes changed after the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) became fully operational, with the water level fluctuating between 145 m and 175 m. This has altered phosphorus (P) distribution within sediments and soils of the water-level-fluctuating zone (WLFZ). Eleven field investigations within the main stream were carried out in June 2016. The aim of the study was to determine lateral (sediment and WLFZ soil) and longitudinal variations (from the end of the backwater area to the Three Gorges Dam) of phosphorus species. P fractions were analyzed using a Standards, Measurements, and Testing (SMT) protocol. Results showed that both TP and NaOH-P content in sediment exhibited a clear increasing trend from the end of the backwater area to the Three Gorges Dam, while HCl-P declined. Average of totals P, OP (organic P), HCl-extracted P (HCl-P, calcium-bond P), and NaOH-extracted P (NaOH-P, metal oxide-bound P) in sediment were (859.6&plusmn;106.8), (224.6&plusmn;113.9), (435.3&plusmn;77.7), and (101.5&plusmn;31.6) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The concentration average of P species in sediment was higher than in WLFZ soil. In both sediment and soil, HCl-P was the main form of P, accounting for 51.3% and 58.2% of TP, while the ratio of NaOH-P to TP was 11.7% and 8.1%, respectively. P fractions with a higher coefficient of variation had greater spatial heterogeneity.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Metals - Reservoirs (water) - Sodium hydroxide - Soils - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of variation - Distribution characteristics - Field investigation - Hydrological regime - Longitudinal variations - Phosphorus form - Spatial heterogeneity - Three gorges reservoir
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.17e+01%, Percentage 5.13e+01%, Percentage 5.82e+01%, Percentage 8.10e+00%, Size 1.45e+02m to 1.75e+02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711148

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 78>

Accession number:20184906207365
Title:Simulation of Inorganic Nitrogen Fluxes at the Sediment-water Interface in a Typical Intertidal Zone, Eastern China
Authors:Nie, Jia-Qin (1, 2); Wang, Dong-Qi (1, 2); Chen, Jie (1, 2); Li, Yang-Jie (1, 2, 3); Chen, Shu (1, 2); Chen, Zhen-Lou (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 201100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 201100, China; (3) Second Institude of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou; 310012, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Dong-Qi(dqwang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4199-4205
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Taking 12 typical intertidal zones along the eastern coast of China as the research object, indoor tide simulation experiments were conducted to measure exchange fluxes of nitrate nitrogen (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) between overlying water and sediments, to investigate their spatial distribution, and to clarify controlling factors such as salinity, temperature, and organic matter. Results showed that the total NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N flux was -2.91-3.34 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, while the total flux of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was -4.36-2.34 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. The average flux, at 12&#8451; and 35&#8451;, was -0.04 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, indicating that typical intertidal zone sediment is an effective sink for ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. There was a significant difference in the spatial distribution of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen fluxes. At 12&#8451;, the higher the latitude, the greater the ammonia nitrogen flux; results for the 25&deg;-35&deg;N intertidal nitrate flux were as follows:&lt;15&deg;-25&deg;N&lt;35&deg;-45&deg;N at 25&#8451; and 35&#8451;, while the flux of ammonia nitrogen was 25&deg;N-35&deg;N&gt;15&deg;-25&deg;N&gt;35&deg;-45&deg;N. The fluxes of the three intertidal zones decreased with increase in temperature, which controls the coupled nitrification-denitrification taking place in the upper layer of sediment and at the bottom of overlying water. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N fluxes first increased and then decreased with temperature at 15&deg;-25&deg;N and 35&deg;-45&deg;N, while NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N fluxes at 25&deg;-35&deg;N always decreased with temperature. At each latitude, the higher the temperature, the lower the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N flux. There was no single significant effect of environmental factors on fluxes. Salinity, sediment organic carbon (OC), sediment total nitrogen (TN), concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in pore water, and bulk density synergistically affected the spatial differentiation of exchanged NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N fluxes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Nitrates - Organic carbon - Spatial distribution - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Controlling factors - Dissolved inorganic nitrogens - Environmental factors - Intertidal zones - Nitrification-denitrification - Sediment organic carbon - Sediment water interface - Spatial differentiation
Classification code:483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712094

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 79>

Accession number:20184906207376
Title:Effect of NaCl Salinity on Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Bioflocculation of Anoxic Sludge in A<sup>2</sup>/O Process
Authors:Zhang, Lan-He (1); Tian, Rui (1); Guo, Jing-Bo (2); Jia, Yan-Ping (1); Zhang, Hai-Feng (1); Li, Zheng (1); Chen, Zi-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China; (2) School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4281-4288
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to improve the biological removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus and bioflocculation performance of salt-containing wastewater, the effect of NaCl salinity on the efficiency of denitrification and phosphorus removal in the anoxic zone of an A<sup>2</sup>/O process was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the composition and structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in activated sludge of the anoxic zone, to discern the effect of salinity on bioflocculation. Results showed that when NaCl salinity was 0-5 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, flocculation ability (FA) in A<sup>2</sup>/O anoxic zone was about 44% and the sludge particle size was 45.5 &mu;m. EPS content increased from 52.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 62 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and protein (PN)/polysaccharide (PS) remained at 2.1. When NaCl salinity increased from 10 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 40 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, bioflocculation of sludge significantly decreased. FA decreased from 40% to 22% and sludge particle size decreased from 43.7 &mu;m to 32.1 &mu;m. EPS content increased from 76.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 101.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and PN/PS decreased from 1.5 to 1.3. Based on FTIR analysis, with increase in salinity, the main components of EPS were always amino, amide&#8544;, and carboxyl. Based on XPS analysis, increasing salinity led to charge transfer of some groups (such as C, O, and N groups) during the interaction between EPS and Na<sup>+</sup>, but its form did not change.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Polymers
Controlled terms:Amides - Biological water treatment - Charge transfer - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Denitrification - Efficiency - Flocculation - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Nitrogen removal - Particle size  - Phosphorus - Salt removal - Sodium chloride - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic reactor (A^2/O) - Anoxic sludge - Biological flocculations - Extracellular polymeric substances - NaCl salinity
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 5.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3 to 4.00e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.23e-02kg/m3 to 6.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.65e-02kg/m3 to 1.01e-01kg/m3, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 2.20e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01%, Size 4.37e-05m to 3.21e-05m, Size 4.55e-05m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712162

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 80>

Accession number:20184906207367
Title:Transformation of Ammonia in Wetland Sediments for Treatment of Mining Wastewater
Authors:Wang, Hai-Bo (1); Ma, Ding (1); Yue, Zheng-Bo (1); Tao, Wei (1); Chen, Tian-Hu (1); Wang, Jin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei; 230009, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Jin(sophiawj@hfut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4215-4221
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrogen elements play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of artificial wetlands. In this study, we investigated the anaerobic transformation of ammonia nitrogen and its main pathways in sediment in an artificial wetland. Results showed that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) process and iron reduction occurred in wetland sediment, coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Feammox). Feammox used Fe(&#8546;) to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to produce nitrogen; intermediate products were nitrate, nitrite, and N<inf>2</inf>O. Addition of ferrihydrite promoted the Feammox process and ammonia nitrogen loss caused by Feammox was enhanced from 1.69 to 2.72 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. When ferrihydrite was added, a loss of 28% of total nitrogen (TN) in the wetland occurred, associated with Feammox, increasing to 42%. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation was significantly inhibited with addition of ferrihydrite and TN loss in the system decreased by about 25%. Results showed that the formation of goethite by mineralization of ferrihydrite inhibited the ANAMMOX process, promoting Feammox to lead to competing electronic donors for the S-ANAMMOX process, causing inhibition of the S-ANAMMOX process. This achieves the purpose of reducing TN loss in the wetland system. In addition, this may have some significance for further understanding the interaction between iron reduction and the nitrogen cycle in the wetland.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Anoxic sediments - Biogeochemistry - Iron - Nitrogen removal - Oxidation - Wastewater treatment - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic transformations - ANAMMOX - Artificial wetland - Biogeochemical cycle - Feammox - Ferrihydrites - Intermediate product - Mining wastewater
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.80e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801163

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 81>

Accession number:20184906207348
Title:Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in Winter in Jincheng
Authors:Yang, Fan (1); Yan, Yu-Long (1); Ge, Yun-Fei (1); Li, Ru-Mei (1); Li, Ying-Hui (1); Yu, Hua-Long (1); Peng, Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing; 102206, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Lin(penglin6611@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4042-4050
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Air samples were collected and analyzed by GC-MS to investigate the component characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in winter in Jincheng. PMF, ratio analysis, and the backward trajectory model were used to investigate sources of VOCs. Ozone formation potential and secondary organic aerosol formation potential were calculated, in order to analyze the environmental implications of detected VOCs. Results showed that the average concentration of VOCs was 93.35 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in Jincheng, with the most abundant component being alkane (52.91 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 56.68% of total VOCs). Based on PMF analysis, five sources of ambient VOCs in Jincheng were identified, namely industrial emission sources (33.71%), fuel combustion sources (30.27%), vehicle emissions (26.28%), solvent evaporation sources (9.00%), and plant emission sources (0.74%). Ratios of B/T and i-pentane/n-pentane were 1.58&plusmn;0.68 and 2.07&plusmn;0.43, indicating that VOCs were derived from the mixture of road and coal combustion sources. Clustered analysis of the air mass backward trajectory showed that three air masses cluster, which were accounting for 50%, 25% and 25% of the total back trajectories respectively, all came from the northwest, and industrial pollution from the northwest might therefore significantly influence VOCs in Jincheng. With low wind speed (&lt;3 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>), the air quality index, concentration of total VOCs, and contribution rate of vehicle emissions were 143, 162.48 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and 46.16%, respectively, higher than values at faster wind speeds (3-6.9 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>). Ozone formation potential and secondary organic aerosol formation potential of aromatic hydrocarbons, which had the highest formation potential, were 98.89 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 1.21 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, accounting for 37.28% and 97.01% of total formation potential. To reduce the pollution of VOCs in Jincheng, it is important to control industrial emissions, vehicle emissions, and fuel combustion emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Air quality - Aromatic hydrocarbons - Fuels - Gas chromatography - Industrial emissions - Meteorology - Ozone - Paraffins - Pollution control  - Trajectories - Vehicles - Volatile organic compounds - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Component characteristics - Environmental implications - Industrial pollution - Jincheng - Ozone formation potentials - Secondary organic aerosols - Source apportionment
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 521  Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524  Solid Fuels - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.63e+01%, Percentage 3.03e+01%, Percentage 3.37e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+01%, Percentage 4.62e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.67e+01%, Percentage 7.40e-01%, Percentage 9.00e+00%, Percentage 9.70e+01%, Velocity 3.00e+00m/s to 6.90e+00m/s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801221

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 82>

Accession number:20184906207372
Title:Reducing Membrane Fouling from Micro-Flocculation in a Humic Acid Ultrafiltration Process
Authors:Wang, Xu-Dong (1); Shi, Cai-Xia (1); Liao, Zheng-Wei (2); He, Xian-Shu (2); Wang, Lei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China; (2) Water Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Province Water Group, Xi'an; 710003, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4249-4256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study investigated the influence of different floc morphologies produced by micro-flocculation process on filtration of a self-constructed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane. Aluminum sulfate was used as a flocculant and humic acid (HA) and kaolin as raw water. Both the properties of flocs formed during the micro-flocculation process (floc size and distribution, fractal dimension) and the effects of floc formation on membrane flux under different conditions were investigated. The surface morphology of the contaminated membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and adhesion between the PVDF membrane and organic pollutants was measured to analyze the membrane fouling mechanism. Results showed that the main mechanism during a micro-flocculation process using Al<sup>3+</sup> as a flocculant is electrical neutralization to remove organic matter. With an increase in flocculant dosage, floc size increased and the fractal dimension of flocs decreased. The attenuation rate of membrane flux was negatively correlated with floc size. The larger the floc, the lower the membrane flux attenuation rate, and the looser the filter cake layer formed during the ultrafiltration process. Comparatively, membrane fouling caused by flocs with smaller fractal dimension was lighter, and the membrane flux recovery rate was also higher. The interaction force between PVDF and organic matter was positively correlated with the corresponding membrane flux attenuation rate during the initial stage of operation. When dosage of Al<sup>3+</sup> was 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and initial pH was 7, the HA removal rate was 96.7%, the membrane flux attenuation rate was lowest, and the flux recovery rate reached 88%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Microfiltration
Controlled terms:Aluminum sulfate - Atomic force microscopy - Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Flocculation - Fluorine compounds - Fractal dimension - Fractals - Membrane fouling - Membranes  - Morphology - Organic acids - Organic pollutants - Scanning electron microscopy - Sulfur compounds - Ultrafiltration
Uncontrolled terms:Attenuation rate - Flocculant dosages - Flocculation process - Interaction forces - Membrane fouling mechanisms - Polyvinylidene fluorides - Ultra-filtration membranes - Ultrafiltration process
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 921  Mathematics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.67e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711229

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 83>

Accession number:20184906207352
Title:Emission Characteristics of Wind-Eroded Dust from Concrete Batching Plants in Beijing
Authors:Li, Bei-Bei (1, 2); Han, Kai-Li (2, 3); Qin, Jian-Ping (2); Wang, Xin (4); Song, Bo (1, 2); Huang, Yu-Hu (2); Zhang, Chun-Lai (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100037, China; (3) Hebei Sailhero Environmental Protection Hi-tech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang; 050035, China; (4) China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing; 100012, China; (5) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yu-Hu(huangyuhu@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4078-4085
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Concrete batching plants are a typical source of fugitive dust in Beijing. In this study, two concrete batching plants in Beijing were used to test wind erosion of dust with a Portable In-suit Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) designed by the Desert Research Institute (DRI). Sand and aggregate storage piles and paved roads in concrete batching plants were tested to determine the emission characteristics of wind eroded dust. Combining the frequencies of disturbance of storage piles and paved road surface with local meteorological data, localized wind erosion dust emission factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf> were established. Results demonstrate that: &#9312;There are small differences in daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> between the aggregate warehouse entrance area, concrete loading area, social road import area, and concrete batching plant entrance area, with these being 0.45, 0.41, 0.31, and 0.30 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. &#9313;Daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> of coarse stone, fine stone, coarse sand, and fine sand storage piles are 0.10, 0.12, 0.26, and 2.02 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Emission factors of fine sand storage piles are 20.5, 16.8, and 7.7 times greater than those of coarse stone, fine stone, and coarse sand, respectively, and spring emission factors are 6.4, 3.4, and 1.3 times greater than those of summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. &#9314;Daily average emission factors for PM<inf>2.5</inf> of storage piles and paved roads are 1.13 and 0.37 kg&bull;(hm<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively 3.9 and 1.3 times higher than the wind erosion factor from storage piles from AP-42 files (c11s12 concrete batching, 1995); the uncertainty range of the emission factor is 34%-92%. &#9315;It is recommended to strengthen watering, sweeping, and cleaning of paved roads, and to ensure fully enclosed storage and use of spray water to reduce wind erosion of dust from storage piles, especially from fine sand piles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Digital storage
Controlled terms:Aggregates - Concrete testing - Concretes - Dust - Erosion - Meteorology - Piles - Roads and streets - Sand
Uncontrolled terms:Concrete batching plants - Emission factors - Paved road - Storage piles - Wind erosions
Classification code:406  Highway Engineering - 406.2  Roads and Streets - 408.2  Structural Members and Shapes - 412  Concrete - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.40e+01% to 9.20e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801024

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 84>

Accession number:20184906207341
Title:Vehicle Exhaust Emission Characteristics and Their Contributions in Jiangsu Province
Authors:Li, Li (1); Zhang, Jie (1); Zhao, Qiu-Yue (1); Li, Hui-Peng (1); Han, Jun-Zan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing; 210036, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Jie(marie.jie@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3976-3986
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An hourly vehicular emission inventory with 1 km&times;1 km resolution was developed for Jiangsu Province in 2015, using the COPERT model and ArcGIS technology. The improved "standard road length" method, as well as road network information and monthly, weekly, and daily variations of the congestion delay index were used to increase temporal-spatial resolution. The contributions of different vehicle types, emission standards, and road types to total vehicular emissions were analyzed. Results showed that vehicular emissions of NO<inf>x</inf>, HC, CO, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, OM, and BC were 490.9, 166.3, 1614.8, 16.9, 1.9, 3.6, and 6.7 thousand tons, respectively. On average, Suzhou and Xuzhou contributed 34%-45% of the total. Evaporative emissions of HC were 20.2 thousand tons, accounting for 12% of total HC emissions. Small passenger cars and motorcycles were the major HC and CO contributors, accounting for over 30% of total emissions. Heavy-duty diesel trucks contributed 36%-54% to NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, OM, and BC emissions, representing much higher emissions than other vehicles. Heavy-duty and medium-duty diesel trucks in Suzhou and Xuzhou are the main sources of NO<inf>x</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf>emissions. China &#8546; diesel vehicles account for the largest share (42%-55%) of NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, SO<inf>2</inf>, and BC emissions. China &#8546; heavy-duty diesel trucks and China 0 medium-duty diesel trucks are the primary and secondary contributors of NO<inf>x</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, OM, and BC emissions, with a total share of 40%-56%. China 0 motorcycles contributed about 16% to total HC and CO.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Automobiles
Controlled terms:Motorcycles - Nitrogen oxides - Roads and streets - Trucks
Uncontrolled terms:Contribution rate - COPERT - Emission characteristics - Emission inventories - Vehicle exhausts
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 662.1  Automobiles - 662.2  Smaller Vehicles - 663.1  Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01% to 4.50e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01% to 5.40e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 5.60e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01% to 5.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712238

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 85>

Accession number:20184906207385
Title:Interactive Effects of Ozone and Drought on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Poplar Leaves
Authors:Zhou, Hui-Min (1, 2); Li, Pin (2, 3); Gao, Feng (2, 3); Feng, Zhao-Zhong (2, 3); Zhang, Yin-Bo (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 101408, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Pin(pinli@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4359-4365
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ground-level ozone (O<inf>3</inf>) pollution and drought have become major environmental factors that threaten the normal growth of plants. In this study, we determined the effects of three O<inf>3</inf> concentrations (charcoal-filtered air, CF, non-filtered air, NF and non-filtered air+40 nmol&bull;mol<sup>-1</sup>, NF40), two water treatments (well-watered, WW, and mild drought, MD, 60% of WW in volumetric soil water content), and their interactions on the light-saturated photosynthesis rate (A<inf>sat</inf>) and on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and soluble proteins of the poplar '546' (Populus deltoids cv. 55/56&times;P. deltoides cv. Imperial). Results showed that A<inf>sat</inf> significantly decreased with elevated O<inf>3</inf>, and with interactions between O<inf>3</inf> and drought. Drought significantly reduced the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) but did not affect the activities of peroxidase (POD) or ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Reduction ranges in CAT and SOD increased with drought duration. APX activity significantly decreased with increasing O<inf>3</inf> and drought, but soluble protein content did not. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were not significantly affected by elevated O<inf>3</inf> and their interactions. Results provide a scientific basis for protection of poplar plantations in response to increasing O<inf>3</inf> concentrations and drought under environmental changes.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Drought
Controlled terms:Antioxidants - Binary alloys - Charcoal - Enzymes - Forestry - Ozone - Plants (botany) - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant enzyme - Antioxidant enzyme activity - Ascorbate peroxidase - Environmental change - Environmental factors - Interaction - Poplar - Superoxide dismutases
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 524  Solid Fuels - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712176

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 86>

Accession number:20184906207342
Title:Historical Trends of Atmospheric Pb and Hg Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion in Shanghai
Authors:Yang, Jing (1); Chen, Long (1); Liu, Min (1); Meng, Xiang-Zhou (2); Zhang, Xi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200241, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3987-3994
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Rapid urbanization in Shanghai over the past century has led to increased resource and energy consumption, in turn leading to the release of significant amounts of toxic pollutants into the urban environment. In order to investigate historical variations in atmospheric metal emissions from typical combustion sources in Shanghai, historical emissions of Pb and Hg from coal-fired sectors (coal-fired power plant, industrial sector, and domestic use) and vehicle exhaust in Shanghai during the period 1949-2015 were estimated, based on consumption of fossil fuels (coal and gasoline) and emission factors. Results showed that Pb and Hg emissions exhibited rapidly fluctuating increases from 1949 to the 1980s or 1990s, before beginning to decrease sharply due to various pollution control measures. Hg emissions from coal-fired sources played a dominant role during the 1980-2015 period, contributing a high proportion (87.5%-99.7%) to the total. The dominant sources of atmospheric Pb emissions have experienced historical variations. Coal-fired emissions became the major contributor (78.2%-83.5% of total) following omission of leaded gasoline from the Shanghai market since 1997. However, the rapid increase of gasoline consumption since 2005 has led to gasoline-fired emissions again becoming the main contributor (55.5%-79.1%).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Coal combustion
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Coal - Economic geology - Energy utilization - Fossil fuel power plants - Fossil fuels - Gasoline - Industrial emissions - Lead - Mercury (metal)  - Pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric emission - Atmospheric metals - Coal-fired power plant - Combustion sources - Fossil fuel combustion - Historical emissions - Historical trends - Rapid urbanizations
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 481.1  Geology - 523  Liquid Fuels - 524  Solid Fuels - 525.3  Energy Utilization - 546.1  Lead and Alloys - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.55e+01% to 7.91e+01%, Percentage 7.82e+01% to 8.35e+01%, Percentage 8.75e+01% to 9.97e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802133

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 87>

Accession number:20184906207377
Title:Effect of Temperature and pH on Nitrogen Conversion in Feammox Process
Authors:Chen, Fang-Min (1, 2, 3); Jin, Run (1, 2, 3); Yuan, Yan (1, 2, 3); Li, Xiang (1, 2, 3); Huang, Yong (1, 2, 3); Gu, Cheng-Wei (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Xiang(lixiang@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4289-4293
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the oxidation of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> using Fe(&#8546;) as an electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions (Feammox) has received significant research attention. In this study, the effect of pH and temperature on nitrogen conversion during the Feammox process was studied through activity recovery of Feammox sludge acclimated by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) sludge. Results showed that after 40 d operation, activity of Feammox sludge was recovered. There was evident ammonia nitrogen conversion and total nitrogen removal from the environment, and the products were mainly nitrate and nitrogen. The concentration of nitrite remained below 2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. pH value and temperature significantly influenced nitrogen transformation during the Feammox process. With pH value of 7 and temperature of 30&#8451; during the Feammox process, the removal rate of total nitrogen was relatively high (&gt;50%). When the pH value was 6.5, the conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen was 80.2%. During the Feammox reaction process, precipitation of iron ion compounds and coating on the sludge surface were the main interference factors leading to continuous operation of the reactor and exploration of the reaction mechanism.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Iron compounds - Metal ions - Oxidation - pH effects - Precipitation (chemical) - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidation - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Effect of temperature - Nitrogen conversion - Nitrogen transformations - pH value - Reaction characteristics - Total nitrogen removal
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 531.1  Metallurgy - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.02e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801286

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 88>

Accession number:20184906207359
Title:Characteristics and Genesis of NO<inf>3</inf> Type Water in Shallow Groundwater in Liujiang Basin
Authors:Xu, Jin (1); He, Jiang-Tao (1); Peng, Cong (2); Zeng, Ying (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Institute of Karst Geology, China Academy of Geological Science, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) Jiangxi Province Architectural Design &amp; Research Institute, Nanchang; 330000, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jiang-Tao(jthe@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4142-4149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, groundwater nitrate pollution has become more and more severe. Anthropogenic activities have become more significant, not only causing pollution, but also changing the hydrochemical type of groundwater and leading to the emergence of NO<inf>3</inf> type groundwater. This study focuses on the Liujiang Basin. The characteristics and influencing factors of NO<inf>3</inf> type water in shallow groundwater are analyzed, and the significance of NO<inf>3</inf> type water is discussed. Results show that shallow groundwater in the Liujiang Basin is of poor quality and nitrate pollution is severe. NO<inf>3</inf> type water comprises 20.9% of all effective data for the area and is mainly distributed in the southeast and a few parts of the northern mountainous area. Based on the characteristics of NO<inf>3</inf> type water, this can be classified as high TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water or low TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water. TDS and total hardness concentration values of high TDS nitrate type water are high and the concentration range is wide. Conversely, TDS and total hardness concentration and the concentration range of low TDS NO<inf>3</inf>type water are both low. The formation of NO<inf>3</inf> type water is mainly driven by human domestic sewage, agricultural fertilization, and septic tank and landfill leachate infiltration, among others. The pollution load of high TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water is generally higher than that of low TDS NO<inf>3</inf> type water. Analysis of NO<inf>3</inf> type water makes it possible to prevent and control groundwater pollution when there is an increasing pollution trend but pollution is not yet severe.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Water pollution control
Controlled terms:Factor analysis - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Hardness - Leachate treatment - Nitrates - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural fertilization - Anthropogenic activity - Cause analysis - Concentration ranges - Concentration values - Groundwater nitrate pollutions - Liujiang Basin - Total dissolved solids
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 453.2  Water Pollution Control - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.09e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 89>

Accession number:20184906207373
Title:Enhanced Degradation of Aniline by PS Oxidation in the Presence of UV and Ferric Oxalate
Authors:Han, Dong-Hui (1); Li, Ying (2); Li, Kai-Ming (1); Ying, Guang-Guo (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water &amp; Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou; 510655, China; (2) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China; (3) Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4257-4264
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Oxidative degradation of aniline by Sodium Persulfate (PS) activated with UV-ferric oxalate [UV-Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup>] was studied. The effects of Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration, PS concentration, and pH on PS activation and aniline degradation were investigated. Results showed that Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration and pH determined the reduction process of Fe<sup>3+</sup> into Fe<sup>2+</sup>, which had significant effects on the oxidative degradation of aniline by PS. With an increase in Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentration, PS decomposition increased; however, when concentrations were&gt;0.75 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, aniline degradation efficiency decreased due to competition with oxalate ions (C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>) for SO<inf>4</inf><sup>&bull;-</sup>. Aniline degradation efficiency in processes with different initial Fe(C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>)<inf>3</inf><sup>3-</sup> concentrations followed the sequence: 5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.25 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.5 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;1 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&lt;0.75 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Neutral and alkaline conditions were not conducive to Fe<sup>2+</sup> formation via photochemical reaction. However, with initial pH values of 7 and 9, PS activation efficiency reached 74% and 67% respectively after 300 min due to pH decline during the reaction; aniline removal efficiency was as high as 91% and 97%, respectively, higher than under initial acidic conditions. Furthermore, increased PS concentration was conducive to improvement of aniline degradation efficiency, but when PS concentration was&gt;10 mmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the aniline degradation process followed the pseudo first-order reaction kinetics model instead of the second-order reaction kinetics model. PS efficiency for aniline degradation decreased significantly due to the reaction between excessive PS and sulfate radicals.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Iron compounds
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Aniline - Association reactions - Chemical activation - Degradation - Efficiency - Free radical reactions - Oxalic acid - Oxidation - pH effects  - Photochemical reactions - Reaction kinetics - Sodium compounds - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Activation efficiency - Aniline degradations - Ferric oxalate - Oxidative degradation - Persulfate - Pseudo-first order reactions - Second-order reaction - Ultra-violet light
Classification code:801.1  Chemistry, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.70e+01%, Percentage 7.40e+01%, Percentage 9.10e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%, Time 1.80e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801192

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 90>

Accession number:20184906207388
Title:Heavy Metal Content of Rural Living Solid Waste and Related Source and Distribution Analysis
Authors:Jin, Qi (1); Gao, Hong (1); Yue, Bo (2); Huang, Qi-Fei (2); Wang, Yu-Tang (2); Wu, Xiao-Hui (2); Yu, Jun-Ying (2); Yang, Hui-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Hong(gaohong208@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4385-4392
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Living solid waste of 72 typical villages and towns in 12 provinces was investigated, and related heavy metal pollution characteristics, source, and distribution were analyzed. Results showed that heavy metal content of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in living solid waste of typical northern villages of China was (7.51&plusmn;8.89), (0.64&plusmn;0.42), (21.91&plusmn;12.29), (4.82&plusmn;8.37), (86.36&plusmn;59.99), (36.43&plusmn;15.98), (62.19&plusmn;36.61), and (46.07&plusmn;25.22) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Content of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni in living solid waste of typical southern towns was (7.43&plusmn;8.82), (0.83&plusmn;0.74), (21.62&plusmn;13.76), (1.84&plusmn;4.55), (131.06&plusmn;74.96), (37.20&plusmn;16.80), (98.04&plusmn;63.71), and (46.75&plusmn;25.75) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Cd and Hg exceeded the standards for urban garbage agricultural control and soil environmental quality. Sources of heavy metals in domestic waste were explored by Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. Results showed that Pb and Cd were mainly derived from kitchen waste, dust, paper, rubber, and plastic. Hg was mainly from kitchen waste and dust. Zn and Cr were mainly from dust. Cu was mainly from dust, paper, rubber, plastic, battery, and electronic waste. Ni was mainly from battery and electronic wastes. As was mainly derived from pesticides and fertilizers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Cluster analysis - Correlation methods - Dust - Electric batteries - Electronic Waste - Heavy metals - Metal analysis - Principal component analysis - Rubber  - Rural areas - Solid wastes
Uncontrolled terms:Content - Distribution analysis - Domestic wastes - Environmental quality - Heavy metal contents - Heavy metal pollution - Pearson correlation analysis - Source and distribution
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 702.1  Electric Batteries - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 818.1  Natural Rubber - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712049

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 91>

Accession number:20184906207360
Title:Development and Evaluation of a Sustainable Long-release Carbon Material Applied for In-Situ Remediation of Groundwater Nitrogen Pollution
Authors:Zhang, Wen (1, 2); Yin, Lin (2); Zhou, Nian-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Nian-Qing(nq.zhou@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4150-4160
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Due to slow flow rates and inter-substance reactions in groundwater, remediation requires the addition of materials with sustained release properties. This research uses agricultural waste and zero-valent iron (Fe<sup>0</sup>), coupling biology and chemistry, to research and develop a sustainable long-release carbon material with a synergistic physico-habitat, and to evaluate its performance, also taking into account the occurrence of nitrogen in groundwater. The material developed has a double-layer structure with an inner core and an outer shell. The core, consisting of agricultural waste, Fe<sup>0</sup>, and other raw materials, constitutes the repair layer. Agricultural waste provides a carbon source for microorganisms, and Fe<sup>0</sup> can quickly remove nitrate via chemical reactions and reduce DO to develop an anaerobic environment in water. The shell provides a solute permeation layer and consists of primary minerals and other components. This can slow the release of TOC from the core and adsorb secondary contaminants. Physical properties testing showed that the materials core was uniformly cross-linked, and its shell exhibited a clear uniform pore structure (SEM). Favorable mechanical compression was recorded for particle strengths of up to 80-105 N. With a density of 1.1 g&bull;cm<sup>-3</sup>, the material did not float in water. Experiments showed that the material had excellent sustained release. The amount [Max: 21-25 mg&bull;(g&bull;L)<sup>-1</sup>] and rate [Max: 0.185 mg&bull;(g&bull;L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>] of TOC release exhibited a steady state trend, but fluctuated greatly in the case of agricultural wastes [(Max amount: 53-75 mg&bull;(g&bull;L)<sup>-1</sup>, Max rate: 0.455 mg&bull;(g&bull;L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>]. In terms of further functional gene abundance, materials leachate was found to be conducive to denitrifying bacteria. In early denitrification and oxygen trapping experiments, the Fe<sup>0</sup> chemical reaction was dominant for reduction of nitrogen and DO, facilitating denitrification. However, biological denitrification gradually dominated. Differences in denitrification rates between iron-free and iron-containing materials were smaller, as was the correlation between denitrification rate and iron content. These results indicate the formation of physico-habitat synergistic denitrification in the materials system.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Agriculture - Bacteria - Carbon - Crosslinking - Ecosystems - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Hydrochemistry - Iron  - Iron research - Nitrogen removal - Remediation
Uncontrolled terms:Biological denitrification - Carbon material - Controlled carbon release - Double layer structure - Ground water remediation - Iron-containing materials - Mechanical compression - Uniform pore structures
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.2  Geochemistry - 545.1  Iron - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Force 8.00e+01N to 1.05e+02N
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711091

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 92>

Accession number:20184906207378
Title:Inhibitory Kinetics of Free Ammonia (FA) on Ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria (AOB)
Authors:Sun, Hong-Wei (1, 2); Yu, Xue (1, 2); Gao, Yu-Xue (3); Li, Wei-Wei (4); Qi, Guo-Ping (4); Xu, Juan (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Gansu Sewage Treatment Industry Technical Center, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (3) Design Institute of Beijing Sound Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing; 101102, China; (4) Gansu Province Light Industry Research Institute, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (5) Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing; 100029, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Juan(xujuan@mepscc.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4294-4301
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated to investigate the inhibitory kinetics of free ammonia (FA) on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). At the beginning of the experiment, FA concentrations in influent were altered to achieve stable short-cut nitrification and enrich AOB. Nitritation sludge was then employed to study variations in the specific nitrite production rate (SNiPR) during the ammonia oxidation process of batch tests. Furthermore, a kinetic model of FA inhibition on AOB activity was fitted for statistical analysis. Results showed that SNiPR increased rapidly with increase in FA concentration (0.7 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>&le;FA&le;50.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) but decreased with an increase in FA concentration (FA&ge;50.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>). SNiPR was maintained at 0 g&bull;(g&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> when FA concentration was higher than 687.1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, implying that AOB activity was completely inhibited. Statistical analysis showed that, compared to Haldane, Edwards-1#, Edwards-2#, and Luong inhibition kinetics models, the Aiba model was the most suitable for describing the inhibitory effect of FA on AOB activity. The statistical constants, i.e., residual square sum (RSS) correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>), F value of the fitting equation, and confidence degree (P) were 0.005, 0.932, 181.7, and 1.06&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, respectively. The dynamic constant values, i.e., maximum specific nitrite production rate (r<inf>max</inf>), half saturation constant (K<inf>S</inf>), and inhibition constant (K<inf>I</inf>) were 0.37 g&bull;(g&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, 11.78 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and 153.74 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Batch reactors - Kinetics - Statistical methods
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidation - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Correlation coefficient - Free ammonia - Inhibition constants - Inhibition kinetics - Production rates - Sequencing batch reactors
Classification code:802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 931  Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.18e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.54e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.87e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801166

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 93>

Accession number:20184906207371
Title:Substrate Flow by Different Biochemical Activities in the Urban Sewage Network
Authors:Yao, Xiang-Yi (1); Shi, Xuan (1); Sang, Lang-Tao (1); Jin, Peng-Kang (1); Wang, Xiao-Chang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, Peng-Kang(pkjin@hotmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4242-4248
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to investigate the consumption mechanism of organic contaminants in different biological metabolism pathways within an urban sewage network, a pilot-scale system using two kinds of sediments (urban sewage sediment and artificial sediment) was constructed. The pilot system was operated to study the migration and transformation characteristics of COD, methane, nitrate, and sulfate between sediment and sewage. Results showed that the variation of COD in sewage was 170.58 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with change of COD by deposition and bioreaction of 101.53 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 69.05 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Due to biological metabolism, the generation of methane in sewers was of 7.39 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>; the decrease of nitrate and sulfate in sewage was 0.33 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 21.35 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Based on our calculations, the consuming concentration of COD was 32.51 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for methane generation, 8.04 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> for denitrification, and 6.41 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>for sulfate degradation by sulfate reducing bacteria. The decrease in COD by deposition was responsible for 65.38% of total variation of COD in sewage. The decrease in COD by bioreaction was responsible for 34.62% of total variation in COD. Meanwhile, total variation values of COD for methane generation, denitrification, and sulfate degradation were responsible for 68.01% of COD variation by bioreaction. Deposition was therefore the main pathway for removal of organic contaminants from the sewer system; biochemical activities of methane generation, denitrification, and sulfate degradation also played important roles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Sewage
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Denitrification - Deposition - Metabolism - Methanation - Methane - Nitrates - Physiology - Sediments - Sewers  - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial sediments - Biochemical activity - Biological metabolism - Organic contaminant - Pilot scale system - Sulfate reducing bacteria - Total variation - Urban sewer system
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 461.8  Biotechnology - 461.9  Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.02e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.71e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.14e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.30e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.91e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.04e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 3.46e+01%, Percentage 6.54e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801288

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 94>

Accession number:20184906207343
Title:Emission Inventory of Atmospheric Pollutants and VOC Species from Crop Residue Burning in Guangdong Province
Authors:Sun, Xi-Bo (1, 2, 3); Liao, Cheng-Hao (1, 2, 3); Zeng, Wu-Tao (1, 2, 3); Zhang, Yong-Bo (1, 2, 3); Liang, Xiao-Ming (4); Ye, Dai-Qi (5) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Management and Policy Simulation, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (3) Guangdong Provincial Regional Atmospheric Environmental Quality Research Center, Guangzhou; 510045, China; (4) School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (5) School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510006, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:3995-4001
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:An emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from crop residue burning in Guangdong for the period 2008-2016 was developed, based on crop yield data. Emissions of species of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and corresponding ozone formation potential (OFP) in 2016 were also estimated. Results showed that emissions of atmospheric pollutants from crop residue burning in 2013-2016 were lower than in 2008-2012. This was mainly due to the policy of prohibiting open burning of straw and to improvement of rural living standards, which reduced the proportion of straw burning. In 2016, emissions of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, NH<inf>3</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, EC, OC, NMVOC, CO, and PM<inf>2.5</inf> were 2 443.7, 16 187.9, 6 943.8, 29 174.4, 3 625.5, 14 830.7, 65 612.6, 591 613.9, and 49 463.0 t, respectively. Rice straw burning was the main source of pollutants, accounting for about 68.55% of total pollutant emissions. The five municipalities with highest atmospheric pollutant emissions were Zhanjiang, Maoming, Meizhou, Zhaoqing, and Shaoguan, together accounting for about 58.63% of total emissions. The top 10 VOC species for mass-based emissions consisted of ethylene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, benzene, ethyne, propylene, ethane, toluene, propane, and propionaldehyde, together contributing 67.91% to total emissions. The top ten OFP-based VOC species were ethylene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propylene, 1-butylene, propionaldehyde, toluene, acrolein, isoprene, and crotonaldehyde, accounting for 80.83% of total OFP.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Acetaldehyde - Agricultural wastes - Ammonia - Crops - Ethylene - Formaldehyde - Propylene - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric pollutant emissions - Atmospheric pollutants - Crop residue burning - Emission inventories - Guangdong Province - Living standards - Ozone formation potentials - Pollutant emission
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.86e+01%, Percentage 6.85e+01%, Percentage 8.08e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802076

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 95>

Accession number:20184906207350
Title:Characteristics of Atmospheric BTX near a Main Road in Hefei City
Authors:Meng, Fan-Hao (1, 2); Qin, Min (1); Liang, Shuai-Xi (1, 2); Xie, Pin-Hua (1, 2, 3); Xia, Hui-Hui (1); Duan, Jun (1); Fang, Wu (1); Tang, Ke (1, 2); Li, Ang (1); Wei, Zhen (4); Wang, Feng (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Environment Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei; 230031, China; (2) University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; 230026, China; (3) Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen; 361021, China; (4) Anhui Environmental Monitoring Center, Hefei; 230071, China 
Corresponding author:Qin, Min(mqin@aiofm.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4060-4069
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study levels of BTX near a main road in Hefei in March 2016, benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and o-xylene (BTX) and conventional pollutants (such as NO<inf>2</inf> and SO<inf>2</inf>) in the atmosphere were monitored through a home-made differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system. Results showed that average concentrations of benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and o-xylene were 21.7, 63.6, 33.9, and 98.7 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Compared with other cities both in China and elsewhere, benzene and toluene pollution can be considered to be of medium level, while xylene pollution is serious. Wind direction, T/B ratio, and correlation with CO were also analyzed, together with BTX sources. Result showed that the T/B ratio was 0.8-4.5, with correlation coefficients of benzene, toluene, and CO of 0.55 and 0.34, respectively. These values indicate that benzene and toluene are mainly derived from automotive emissions, also affected by surrounding industrial parks. Xylene is mainly derived from a coating industrial park north of the observation site. It was shown that high night-time concentrations of benzene and toulene could be due to industrial emissions from the industrial parks around the observation site. The ozone formation potential is in the order of o-xylene&gt;m-xylene&gt;toulene&gt;benzene at the observation site. The ozone formation potential of xylene accounted for 85% of total ozone formation potential, indicating that emissions from surrounding industrial parks contribute greatly to ozone formation in the area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Xylene
Controlled terms:Absorption spectroscopy - Air pollution - Benzene - Industrial emissions - Light absorption - Ozone - Roads and streets - Toluene
Uncontrolled terms:Differential optical absorption spectroscopy - Industrial parks - m-Xylene - Ozone formation potentials - Traffic emissions
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712250

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 96>

Accession number:20184906207354
Title:Evaluation of Effect of Urban Non-point Source Pollution Control on Porous Asphalt-Bio-retention Combined Roads
Authors:Gong, Man-Li (1, 2); Zuo, Jun-Jie (3); Ren, Xin-Xin (4); Zhao, Hong-Tao (1, 2); Luo, Xi (1, 2); Liao, Yun-Jie (1, 2); Li, Xu-Yong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Department of Environmental Design, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212000, China; (4) Urban Planning and Design Institute of Shenzhen, Shenzhen; 518028, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Hong-Tao(htzhao@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4096-4104
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Different combinations of low impact development (LID) technologies can be applied for control of urban non-point source pollution. There are currently few evaluations of urban non-point source pollution and pollution load reduction based on a combination of porous asphalt and bio-retention. Taking Shenzhen International Low Carbon City as an example, road-deposited sediments were collected prior to and after rainfall events. Runoff was monitored under six typical rainfall events, from porous asphalt and the inlet/outlet of bio-retention. Through analysis of changes in the process of "build-up-wash-off-transport" of pollutant loads, the average build-up of road-deposited sediments in the study area was found to be (15.80&plusmn;3.79) g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>; the mass percentage of road-deposited sediments (size&gt;250 &mu;m) was approximately 65.14%. The average wash-off percentage of six different intensity rainfall events was 17.15%, and road-deposited sediments (size&lt;105 &mu;m) were carried by 62.71%-74.94%. The average pollution loads of surface runoff pollutants SS, TN, and TP were 2.02, 0.025, and 0.001 3 g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. The removal rates of SS, TN, and TP through porous asphalt under infiltration and filtration were 70.26%, 46.29%, and 19.27%, respectively. The secondary purification removal rates of runoff water in bio-retention were 85.25%, 20.22%, and 70.27%, respectively. Pollutant loads into Dingshan River totaled 0.08, 0.011, and 0.000 3 g&bull;m<sup>-2</sup>, representing 4.05%, 43.47%, and 24.39% of runoff. The combination thus had a significant effect on runoff purification. Through quantitative research on the formation of non-point source pollution, this paper provides a scientific basis for estimating pollution loads of urban non-point source pollution and evaluating the performance of LID projects. It makes suggestions for the popularization and application of LID and sponge city design in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Pollution control
Controlled terms:Asphalt - Purification - Rain - River pollution - Roads and streets - Runoff - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-retention - Build-up - Pollution loads - Porous asphalts - Purification effect
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 411.1  Asphalt - 442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.71e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 2.02e+01%, Percentage 2.44e+01%, Percentage 4.05e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+01%, Percentage 4.63e+01%, Percentage 6.27e+01% to 7.49e+01%, Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 7.03e+01%, Percentage 8.52e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712213

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 97>

Accession number:20184906207384
Title:Potential to Ensure Safe Production from Rice Fields Polluted with Heavy Cadmium by Combining a Rice Variety with Low Cadmium Accumulation, Humic Acid, and Sepiolite
Authors:Xie, Xiao-Mei (1, 2); Fang, Zhi-Ping (1, 2); Liao, Min (1, 2); Huang, Yu (1, 2); Huang, Xiao-Hui (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou; 310058, China 
Corresponding author:Liao, Min(liaomin@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4348-4358
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study investigated the potential of ensuring safe production of rice from paddy fields affected by heavy cadmium contamination. A paddy soil polluted with heavy cadmium (total Cd content of 2.52 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>) surrounding a lead-zinc mining area in Guiyang County of Chenzhou City, Hunan province was selected for analysis. We investigated production using a low cadmium accumulation rice variety (Oryza sativa L. Jia-33) and passivation additives for heavy metal activity (including humic acid and sepiolite). Results showed that: Oryza sativa L. Jia-33 showed good low cadmium accumulation characteristics in rice fields with heavy cadmium pollution. When humic acid and sepiolite were applied (alone or combined), the accumulation of Cd in different organs of the rice declined, and the transport coefficient of Cd for stem to root and polished rice to stem also declined. The rate of decline increased with increased application dosage. The cadmium content in polished rice was lower than the limit established in the National Food Safety Standard (GB 2715-2012), when applying 5.250 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> humic acid, 6.750 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> sepiolite, or a combination of 1.125 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> humic acid and 3.37 5 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> sepiolite; Cd content in polished rice was (0.171&plusmn;0.01), (0.184&plusmn;0.01), and (0.181&plusmn;0.01) mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Single or combined application of humic acid and sepiolite promoted the transformation of soil Cd to residual and Fe Mn oxide bound forms, significantly reducing the content of available Cd and the bioavailability of Cd in soil, and further reducing Cd content in all rice organs. The reduction was more effective with single application of sepiolite or combined application of humic acid and sepiolite. The effects of combined application of humic acid and sepiolite were also more beneficial for soil nutrients, while soil available phosphorus, available potassium, phosphorus, and organic matter content increased with increased application of amendments. Soil nitrogen content did not change. In conclusion, results indicate that joint application of humic acid, sepiolite, and a low Cd accumulation rice variety are best for safe production on heavy cadmium-contaminated soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Biochemistry - Biological materials - Cadmium - Chemical contamination - Food safety - Iron oxides - Organic acids - Phosphorus - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation characteristics - Cadmium contamination - Humic acid - Organic matter content - Rice - Safe production - Sepiolite - Transport coefficient
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 822.3  Food Products
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801030

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 98>

Accession number:20184906207368
Title:Distribution Characteristics of Sulfonamide Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Drinking Water Source in East China
Authors:Hu, Ya-Ru (1); Jiang, Lei (2); Zhang, Tian-Yang (1); Lei, Dan-Dan (1); Jiang, Wei-Wei (2); Zhang, Dong (2); Lin, Kuang-Fei (1); Cui, Chang-Zheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai; 200237, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, Shanghai; 200082, China 
Corresponding author:Cui, Chang-Zheng(cuichangzheng@ecust.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4222-4228
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water sources have attracted widespread attention due to the threat they pose to water security and human health. This study mainly focused on the distribution of sulfonamide ARGs (sul1, sul2) and one integrase gene (intI1) in water and sediment using qualitative and fluorescent quantitative PCR, based on previous work on the characteristics of 13 kinds of sulfonamides in a drinking water source in East China. Results showed that the three target genes were all detected in water and sediment. The sul1 gene was the sulfonamide ARG with highest concentration, with 1.5&times;10<sup>4</sup>-6.4&times;10<sup>5</sup> copies&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup> in source water and maximum concentration of 1.6&times;10<sup>8</sup> copies&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in sediment. Concentration of sul1 was 0.6-2.2, 0.5-1.9 order of magnitudes higher than sul2 and intI1 genes, respectively. There was no significant difference between the absolute concentrations of sul1, sul2, and intI1 in inflow and outflow. However, in the case of sediment, absolute abundances of sul1, sul2, and intI1 in outflow were higher than those in inflow. The maximum concentration of sul1 was detected in outflow in summer (6.4&times;10<sup>5</sup> copies&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup>). The concentration of intI1 was higher in winter compared to other seasons. There was a positive correlation between sul1 and 13 sulfonamides (r=0.69, P&lt;0.05), and the relative concentration of sul1 and amount of sulfamethoxazole were significantly positively related (r=0.79, P&lt;0.01). There were also positive correlations between the relative concentrations of intI1 and sul1, sul2 (r: 0.80 and 0.73, P&lt;0.05), respectively, suggesting that intI1 played an important role in horizontal gene transfer of sulfonamide ARGs in this drinking water source. This study provides basic data for monitoring pollution of ARGs, as well as a basis for controlling ARG pollution in the drinking water environment and making management decisions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Potable water
Controlled terms:Amides - Antibiotics - Gene transfer - Genes - Health risks - Polymerase chain reaction - Sediments - Sulfur compounds - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotics resistance - Distribution characteristics - Drinking water sources - Horizontal gene transfer - Integrase
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712106

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 99>

Accession number:20184906207346
Title:PM<inf>2.5</inf> Pollution Characterization and Cause Analysis of a Winter Heavy Pollution Event, Liaocheng City
Authors:Zhang, Jing-Qiao (1); Wu, Ya-Jun (1); Zhang, Meng (1); Wang, Han (1); Chen, Zhen-Xing (1); Hu, Jun (1); Li, Hui (1); Fan, Xiao-Long (1); Chai, Fa-He (1); Wang, Shu-Lan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Shu-Lan(wangsl@craes.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4026-4033
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Heavy pollution events frequently occur during fall and winter seasons in northern areas. In order to understand the characteristics and chemical composition of PM<inf>2.5</inf> during heavy pollution in winter in Liaocheng City, ambient PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected between January 7-11,2016. Mass concentration, water-soluble ions, carbonaceous species, and elements were analyzed, as well as the causes of pollution. Results showed that PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration was 238.3 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> with the trend clearly that of an inverted V; this concentration represents exceedance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) by more than 2.2 times. NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>(SNA)were the main water-soluble ions. As pollution increased or decreased, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> exhibited the same trend, which contrasted with that of Ca<sup>2+</sup>. During the peak of pollution, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> concentrations were 48.96, 68.45, and 80.55 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, with these representing levels 6.29, 7.31, and 7.84 times those of the initial stage, respectively. During the pollution event, OC and EC concentration variation ranges were 20.8-60.2 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, and 3.0-7.5 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The concentration of OC was significantly higher than that of EC and the variation amplitude was significantly larger. During the event, the mass concentrations of 27 inorganic elements on each day were 10.2, 22.4, 16.0, 19.6, and 8.2 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Enrichment factors (EF) of all elements were less than 10, indicating lack of enrichment and showing that sources were mainly natural. PM<inf>2.5</inf> mass concentration reconstruction results showed that organic matter (OM), SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were major components, followed by NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, crustal material, and other ions. EC and trace element content was relatively low. As PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution worsened, secondary inorganic salt (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) concentrations and proportions increased, OM concentration increased but its proportion decreased, while crustal material concentration and proportion both decreased, showing that secondary inorganic conversion was the main cause of this pollution event, mainly driven by coal and motor vehicle emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Air quality - Ions - Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical compositions - Heavy pollution event - Liaocheng City - PM2.5 - Secondary transformation
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 453  Water Pollution
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801114

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 100>

Accession number:20184906207362
Title:Distribution Characteristics and Release Fluxes of Phosphorus Forms in Xiangxi Bay Sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Before and After Impoundment
Authors:Liu, Xin-Yuan (1); Song, Lin-Xu (1); Ji, Dao-Bin (1); Liu, De-Fu (2); Li, Xin (1); Huang, Jia-Wei (1); Zhao, Chong (1); Tang, Yong-Chun (1); Ping, Ming-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China; (2) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Lin-Xu(280825327@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:9
Issue date:September 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4169-4178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The sediment storage environment in tributaries has been altered by impoundment of water in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, affecting the distribution of phosphorus forms in sediment and processes at the sediment-water interface. Through collection of sediment and overlying water samples in Xiangxi Bay in August 2016 (before impoundment) and October (after impoundment), the distribution characteristics of sedimentary phosphorus and the environmental conditions of storage before and after impoundment were analyzed. Fluxes of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P at the sediment-water interface were also estimated. Results show that pH increased, alkalinity and reducibility were enhanced, and Eh in sediments decreased after impoundment. The relative content of phosphorus in sediments changed as follows: NaOH-P&gt;HCl-P&gt;OP to HCl-P&gt;OP&gt;NaOH-P; this could be attributed to changes in the depositional environment. Compared to pre-impoundment values, TP values after impoundment in sediment, overlying water &rho;(PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P), and interstitial water &rho; (PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P) were 1.3 times, 3.7 times, and 8.3 times higher, increasing the risk of nutrient release in sediments of Xiangxi Bay. The manifestation of PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P in sendiments of Xiangxi River generally is "source" pre-impoundment and post-impoundment, but the PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P diffusive flux increased from -0.002 9-0.005 9 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> pre-impoundment to 0.006 7-0.107 1 mg&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> post-impoundment. The release of phosphorus from sediments at the bottom of Xiangxi Bay increased after impoundment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water) - Sodium hydroxide
Uncontrolled terms:Depositional environment - Diffusive flux - Distribution characteristics - Environmental conditions - Sediment water interface - Three gorges reservoir - Three gorges reservoir area - Xiangxi bays
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201711189

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20190506448146
Title:Dry and Wet Deposition of Atmospheric Nitrogen in Small Catchments
Authors:Wang, Huan-Xiao (1); Pang, Shu-Jiang (1); Wang, Xiao-Yan (1, 2); Fan, Yan-Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Research Center of Aquatic Environment in the Capital Region, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Yan(wangxy@cnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5365-5374
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is one of the important pathways for the transmission of terrestrial pollutants and nutrients to aquatic ecosystems. A considerable amount of nitrogen substances is delivered into the surface water environment via atmospheric deposition in the catchments, which are greatly affected by human activities, and have serious negative effects on the nutrient level and aquatic habitat environment. The Shixia Catchment north of the Miyun Reservoir was selected as study area. Samples of particulate dry and wet deposition were collected and tested. Subsequently, the variation of the atmospheric nitrogen deposition flux and factors impacting it were determined; ultimately, the contribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the nitrogen budget of the catchment was estimated. The major results are as follows: &#9312; The total nitrogen deposition flux of particulate dry and wet deposition is characterized by a significant temporary variation. Regarding the total nitrogen, the ammonia nitrogen and wet deposition flux are the highest in summer and dissolved organic nitrogen is the highest in spring. However, the flux of nitrate nitrogen shows no notable seasonal fluctuation. The general trend of the particulate dry deposition flux is supreme in winter, followed by that in autumn and spring. In detail, the total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen deposition are the largest in winter, while the seasonal variance of nitrate nitrogen appears to be less apparent. The dry deposition flux of dissolved organic nitrogen is the greatest in autumn. &#9313; The total flux of nitrogen deposition is 43.14 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> in the Shixia Catchment; the wet and dry deposition flux account for 39.85% and 60.15%, respectively. &#9314; Rainfall and wind speed conditions are important factors impacting the atmospheric nitrogen deposition. The rainfall and rainfall intensity are negatively correlated with the wet nitrogen deposition concentration. With respect to the particulate dry deposition, the average wind speed during the monitoring period is important to ammonia nitrogen. &#9315; The contribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the total nitrogen input in this catchment is approximately 15.09%, second only to livestock and poultry farming and rural life. The results of this study provide information that is useful for the nitrogen management in the catchment.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonia - Aquatic ecosystems - Budget control - Catchments - Meteorological problems - Nitrates - Nutrients - Rain - Reservoirs (water)  - Runoff - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric depositions - Atmospheric nitrogen deposition - Deposition fluxes - Dissolved organic nitrogen - Dry and wet depositions - Dry deposition fluxes - Influencing factor - Total nitrogen deposition
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 442.1  Flood Control - 443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.3  Precipitation - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.51e+01%, Percentage 3.99e+01%, Percentage 6.01e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801222

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20190506448154
Title:Impact of Maximum Precipitation in 2017 on the Runoff Component of Reclaimed Water-Intaking River
Authors:Liao, An-Ran (1, 2); Song, Xian-Fang (2, 3); Zhang, Ying-Hua (2); Yang, Li-Hu (2); Bu, Hong-Mei (2); Ma, Ying (2); Han, Dong-Mei (2, 3); Qin, Wen-Jing (1, 2); Yang, Sheng-Tian (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Xian-Fang(songxf@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5440-5450
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The hydrology of rivers recharged with reclaimed water is an important factor controlling its aquatic environment and biochemical processes, which change during the wet season. To understand the impacts of precipitation on hydrological conditions, water samples were collected from seven sites in three periods (before the wet season and during and after the maximum precipitation in July 2017, with 3.3 return periods) throughout a reclaimed water intake area of the Chaobai River in the Shunyi District, Beijing. The hydrogen-oxygen isotope characteristics and chloride content were measured. The results show that the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of precipitation are mainly affected by the amount of the effect. The minor variation in the later period is due to changes in the sources of moisture. Within three days after precipitation, the slope runoff continues and the fraction of each section varies greatly. The reclaimed water reaches the downstream section through the preferred pathway. The water component ratio of the slope runoff increases from 2% to 85.6% in the direction of the flow, while the reclaimed water ratio decreases from 90% to 67%. The stream remains effluent from sections SY01 to SY05 that are recharged by the slope runoff, reclaimed water, and in-site river water, while the sections SY06 to SY07 are mainly recharged by the slope runoff and in-site river water within three days after the precipitation (the stream effluent is unremarkable).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Effluents - Isotopes - Reclamation - Runoff
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing - Daily precipitations - Oxygen isotopes - Re-claimed water - Return periods - Slope runoff
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 452.3  Industrial Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+00% to 8.56e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01% to 6.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804037

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20190506448147
Title:Seasonal Changes of the Pathways of Nitrogen Export from an Agricultural Watershed in China
Authors:Li, Wen-Chao (1); Lei, Qiu-Liang (1); Zhai, Li-Mei (1); Liu, Hong-Bin (1); Hu, Wan-Li (2); Liu, Shen (1); Ren, Tian-Zhi (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Pollution Control, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming; 650205, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Zhai, Li-Mei(zhailimei@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5375-5382
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nonpoint source pollution has become a major factor influencing the water quality. Identifying the pathway of nitrogen (N) transport from the source to the watershed mouth is a critical step in taking measures to control this pollution. However, it is difficult to identify the pathway of N transport because the transport pathway varies among different watersheds depending on the difference in the terrain, hydrology, and land cover etc and changes over time. Additionally, there is little knowledge about the major pathway of N transport through agricultural watersheds in the Yunnan Plateau lake area. The pathways of N export and their temporal variations over time were investigated in this study based on a typical agriculture-dominated watershed in a plateau lake area, Yunnan Province, and two-year monitoring data (June 2011-May 2013) in combination with a base flow separation program. The results show that the base flow accounts for most of the streamflow discharge (80.0%) and N export (71.1%). The proportion of the stream flow discharge via storm flow increases significantly with increasing rainfall. Therefore, the percentage of total N (TN) export via storm flow increases with increasing storm flow, which is closely related to rainfall. The major pathway of N export shifts toward storm flow when the storm flow proportion of the stream flow discharge increases up to 40%. During the monitoring period, the proportion of the TN export via storm flow increases up to 65.6% in the rainy season. This study provides important information for the improvement of the management of nonpoint source pollution at the watershed scale.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Aerodynamics - Agriculture - Flow separation - Flowmeters - Lakes - Nitrogen - Pollution control - Rain - Storms - Stream flow  - Water quality - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural watersheds - Base flow separation - Change patterns - Monitoring periods - Non-point source pollution - Seasonal changes - Temporal variation - Transport pathways
Classification code:443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 453  Water Pollution - 631  Fluid Flow - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 651.1  Aerodynamics, General - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 943.1  Mechanical Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 6.56e+01%, Percentage 7.11e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805008

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20190506448121
Title:Characteristics of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in Soil Samples of Hanjiang River Basin, Southeast China
Authors:Liu, Jia (1, 2); Ding, Yang (2); Qi, Shi-Hua (2); Qu, Cheng-Kai (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China; (3) College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710127, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, Shi-Hua(shihuaqi@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5127-5134
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Seventeen soil samples were collected along the main stream of the Hanjiang River in April 2013. Thirteen types of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in the samples by gas chromatography with a <sup>63</sup>Ni electron capture detector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution, composition, and source of OCPs and assess the potential health risks for local residents. The 13 types of OCPs were all detected in this region, ranging from 2.97 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> to 1 275.79 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, and the detection rates were 75%-100%. The contribution trends of both hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were upstream&lt;midstream&lt;downstream. Based on the ratio method, the HCHs were mainly from technical HCH input. Furthermore, there was DDT input recently, which contained industrial DDT and dicofol. The DDTs concentrations significantly correlated with total organic carbon. The values of cancer and non-cancer risks (10<sup>-12</sup>-10<sup>-8</sup> and 10<sup>-6</sup>-10<sup>-3</sup>) were both lower than the corresponding thresholds (10<sup>-6</sup> and 1), which indicated that the soils in the Hanjiang River Basin had no harmful effects on local residents.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Diseases - Gas chromatography - Health risks - Organic carbon - Pesticides - Risk assessment - River pollution - Soil surveys - Soils - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Electron capture detectors - Hanjiang rivers - Hexachlorocyclohexanes - Organochlorine pesticides - Potential health risks - Soil sample - Source analysis - Total Organic Carbon
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.50e+01% to 1.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802080

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20190506448104
Title:Major Ionic Features and Possible Controls in the Groundwater in the Hamatong River Basin
Authors:Zhang, Tao (1); He, Jin (1); Li, Jing-Jie (1); Cao, Yue-Ting (1); Gong, Lei (1); Liu, Jin-Wei (1); Bian, Chao (1); Cai, Yue-Mei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding; 071051, China 
Corresponding author:He, Jin(hejing007105@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4981-4990
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to study the major ion chemistry and controls of groundwater, 59 groundwater samples were collected and their major ions measured in the Hamatong River Basin. The hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in this basin were analyzed by means of mathematical statistics, Piper triangular diagrams, Gibbs figures, and ionic relations, and the water chemical evolution and ion sources of the Hamatong River Basin were determined. The results showed that Ca<sup>2+</sup> was the main cation in the groundwater, accounting for 22.1% to 72.4% of the total cations, with an average value of 48.7%. HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> was the main anion, accounting for 35.3% to 97.5% of the total anions, and with an average value of 80%. Total dissolved solids concentration ranged from 93.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 521.1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> with a median value of 219.1 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The hydrochemical types of groundwater are HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca, HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca&bull;Mg, and HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca&bull;Na. Chemical weathering rates of carbonates and silicates were estimated, and the chemical composition of groundwater samples located in the middle of Gibbs model indicated that the major chemical process of groundwater was controlled by rock weathering. Silicate weathering is believed to significantly contribute to dissolved solute compositions, and carbonate weathering played an important role as the source of dissolved ions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Hydrochemistry
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Dissolution - Groundwater - Groundwater geochemistry - Ion sources - Negative ions - Positive ions - Rivers - Silicates - Statistics  - Watersheds - Weathering
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonate weathering - Chemical compositions - Chemical weathering - Element ratios - Major ion chemistry - Major ions - Silicate weathering - Total dissolved solids
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 444.2  Groundwater - 481.2  Geochemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 932.1  High Energy Physics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.19e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.33e-02kg/m3 to 5.21e-01kg/m3, Percentage 2.21e+01% to 7.24e+01%, Percentage 3.53e+01% to 9.75e+01%, Percentage 4.87e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804070

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20190506448180
Title:Effects of Stimulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Bacterial Community Structure of Semiarid Temperate Grassland
Authors:Li, Zong-Ming (1, 2); Shen, Ju-Pei (2, 3); Zhang, Li-Mei (2, 3); Liu, Guo-Ping (1); Bai, Wen-Ming (4); He, Ji-Zheng (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou; 434025, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (4) Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100093, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, Ju-Pei(jpshen@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5665-5671
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:With the development of economics, the deposition of available nitrogen in the terrestrial ecosystem is increasing dramatically due to anthropic activities, which negatively impacts the sustainability of the ecosystem ecology. In this study, the effect of long-term stimulated nitrogen deposition [with nitrogen addition of 0, 1, 4, 8, and 32 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>] on the microbial community structure of soil was investigated in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia using a pyrosequencing technique targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The results show that the available nitrogen in soil increases with increasing nitrogen addition, resulting in the decrease of the soil pH. The results of pyrosequencing indicate that soil bacterial OTU (operational taxonomy unit) numbers increase with increasing nitrogen deposition, while bacterial &alpha; diversity indices show an initial increase and subsequent decrease. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis indicates that the bacterial community structure significantly varies among treatments, which can be largely attributed to the changes in the soil pH and nitrogen content due to nitrogen deposition. At the class level, the relative abundance of different bacterial groups shows a varying trend depending on the nitrogen deposition. This study indicates that long-term nitrogen deposition significantly impacts the bacterial community by changing the soil properties.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Ecosystems - RNA - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial community - Diversity - Nitrogen deposition - Pyrosequencing - Temperate steppe
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805043

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20190506448174
Title:Characterization of a Newly Isolated Strain Pseudomonas sp. N3 for Denitrification at Low Temperature
Authors:Lu, Jun-Ling (1); Chen, Hui-Ping (1); Xiao, Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Lin(xiaolin@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5612-5619
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on traditional microbiological methods, a novel denitrifier Pseudomonas sp. N3 with excellent denitrification capacity at low temperature was isolated and identified using phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. Complete nitrate removal was achieved at C/N=8, that is, 70 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> nitrate. In addition, the isolate exhibited a great adaptability for low temperature and can reach 100% removal of 15 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> nitrate at a temperature as low as 4&#8451; within 36 h. The denitrification genes of narG and nirS were highly expressed; they were at the same order of magnitude as those at 30&#8451;. Semicontinuous experiments were conducted to test the stability of N3 immobilized with polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate at 10&#8451;. The results show that immobilized N3 can remove 15 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> nitrate completely within three days and maintains a strong mechanical performance and stability during the whole 54 days. The cold resistance and high denitrification ability of the strain N3 make it applicable to nitrogen wastewater treatment in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Temperature
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Denitrification - Nitrates - Radioactive waste vitrification - Sodium alginate - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Denitrification capacity - Denitrifiers - Low C/N - Low temperatures - Mechanical performance - Microbiological methods - Phylogenetic analysis - Semi-continuous
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.48e-01yr, Mass_Density 1.50e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Time 1.30e+05s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801303

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20190506448142
Title:Characteristics of Ambient VOCs at the Shuangliu Site in Chengdu, China, During Summer and Autumn
Authors:Deng, Yuan-Yuan (1); Li, Jing (1); Li, Ya-Qi (1); Wu, Rong-Rong (1); Xie, Shao-Dong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing; 100871, China 
Corresponding author:Xie, Shao-Dong(sdxie@pku.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5323-5333
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To better understand the characteristics and sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a polluted area in Chengdu, which requires air pollution control, samples were collected hourly at the Shuangliu site from August 2016 to December 2016. Online gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and a flame ionization detector (GC/MS-FID) were used to analyze the mixing ratios and compositions of the VOCs. During the sampling period, the average mixing ratios of the VOCs were (45.15&plusmn;43.74)&times;10<sup>-9</sup>. Alkanes contribute the most to the total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), followed by aromatics (22%), halocarbon (17%), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs; 15%), alkenes (9%), acetylene (7%), and acetonitrile (1%). Acetone, dichloromethane, acetylenes, ethylene, toluene, m/p-xylenes, propane, 1,2-dichloroethane, and methyl ethyl ketone are the dominant species. By calculating the OH loss rate, the chemical reactivity of the VOCs was estimated. Aromatics contribute the most to the total VOC reactivity, followed by alkenes. The most reactive species are styrene, m/p-xylenes, isoprene, and ethylene. Two biomass burning events were detected during the sampling period. The average mixing ratio of TVOCs is 57.65&times;10<sup>-9</sup>, which significantly increased during the national holiday. The mixing ratios of several C2-C5 alkenes, halocarbons, and OVOCs increased the most during the national holiday. The diurnal patterns of critical non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and OVOCs are consistent with the emission sources in this area. The VOC characteristics at the sampling site are mainly influenced by local industrial sources.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Gas chromatography
Controlled terms:Acetone - Acetylene - Air pollution control - Chemical reactivity - Dichloromethane - Ethylene - Halocarbons - Ionization of gases - Lighting - Mixing  - Styrene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Chengdu - Diurnal variation - Flame ionization detectors - Methyl ethyl ketones - Non-methane hydrocarbons - Online gas chromatography - Online monitoring - Total volatile organic compounds
Classification code:451.2  Air Pollution Control - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 9.00e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803084

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20190506448090
Title:Size Distributions of Water-soluble Components in Ambient Aerosol of Beijing
Authors:Du, Xiang (1, 2); Zhao, Pu-Sheng (1); Su, Jie (1); Dong, Qun (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing; 100089, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300071, China; (3) Beilun Bureau of Meteorology, Ningbo; 315800, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Pu-Sheng(pszhao@ium.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4858-4865
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI-122) was used to collect ambient aerosol at an urban site in Beijing in both winter and summer from 2016 to 2017. The water-soluble components, including ions and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were analyzed. The characteristics of concentrations and size distributions for water-soluble components under different seasons and pollution conditions were determined. The results showed that NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup> in both seasons and Cl<sup>-</sup> in winter mainly distributed in the accumulation mode, and Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> primarily distributed in the coarse mode. The secondary ions were still the main components of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in Beijing. The concentrations of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> were higher in summer, whereas those of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> were higher in winter. Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> had lower correlations with other main components of aerosols, indicating their independent sources. The average size distributions and concentration levels of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> exhibited apparent differences between daytime and nighttime in summer. During polluted periods, the concentrations of secondary ions increased in both the accumulation and coarse modes but decreased in the Aitken mode. As pollution levels increased in winter, the mass median diameters of secondary ions in the droplet mode also increased. The WSOC concentration and particle size distribution under accumulation mode in summer were significantly larger than those in winter. The distribution peaks of WSOC in accumulation mode were higher in summer than those in winter. The WSOC in particles of 0.056-0.32 &mu;m were relatively stable under different pollution levels. However, the WSOC concentration in particles larger than 0.32 &mu;m during polluted periods was evidently higher than that during clean periods.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Aerosols - Ions - Organic carbon - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Particulate emissions - Secondary emission - Size distribution - Urban growth
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing - Chemical compositions - Concentration levels - Independent sources - Mass median diameters - Micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor - Water soluble components - Water-soluble organic carbon
Classification code:403.1  Urban Planning and Development - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 453  Water Pollution - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 3.20e-07m, Size 5.60e-08m to 3.20e-07m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802146

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20190506448120
Title:Determination of Heavy Metal Baseline Values and Analysis of Its Accumulation Characteristics in Agricultural Land in Chongqing
Authors:Wu, Fu-Lin (1); Chen, Li (2); Yi, Ting-Hui (2); Yang, Zhi-Min (1); Chen, Yu-Cheng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaning, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400716, China; (2) Chongqing Station of Agricultural Ecology &amp; Resources Protect, Chongqing; 401120, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yu-Cheng(chenyucheng@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5116-5126
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to understand the accumulation of heavy metals of agricultural land in Chongqing and make clear priority control elements, the soil heavy metal baseline values need to be determined. Based on geochemical baselines, a total of 214 surface soil samples of six soil types were collected according to stratified sampling. Under strict quality control, the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn content in each sample was measured. The baseline values of eight heavy metals were determined using mathematical statistics, iterative culling, and cumulative frequency curve methods. The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils in Chongqing was evaluated using the geochemical baseline pollution and geological accumulation index methods. The mean baseline values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in agricultural land in Chongqing were 5.83, 0.25, 66.78, 25.45, 0.069, 29.90, 26.18, and 78.44 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, which agreed with the historical findings. Evaluation of the geochemical baseline pollution index method showed that the accumulation of As, Hg, and Zn in soil was the most prominent, with 14.65%, 11.82%, and 3.88% of the samples reaching severe accumulation, respectively. The proportions of moderate accumulation of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 12.12%, 6.50%, 3.79%, 6.50%, 15.27%, 5.29%, 5.45%, and 17.96%, respectively, of which As, Hg, and Zn were relatively large. The geological accumulation index indicated that more than 93% of the samples of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were in a state of no accumulation. The proportions of mild accumulation of Hg, Zn, and As were 26.60%, 21.84%, and 21.21%, respectively. Only 5.56% and 0.49% of the samples had moderate accumulation of As and Zn. Different soil types have different properties. All soil types in the sample had different degrees of accumulation of the eight kinds of heavy metals. The accumulation of heavy metals in paddy and purple soils was lower than that in other soil types. For the soils of different geological and geomorphic types, the K<inf>i</inf> values of As in the limestone middle and low mountain area of Daba Mountain in Northeast Chongqing and the low mountain area of the limestone of Wuling Mountain in Southeast Chongqing were relatively large; the rest were not significantly different, and all belonged to the non-accumulation and mild accumulation ranges. Both evaluation methods showed that the main accumulated heavy metals in agricultural land soil in Chongqing was As, followed by Hg and Zn, and management and prevention of the accumulation of these elements should be strengthened.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Geochemistry - Geology - Heavy metals - Iterative methods - Landforms - Lime - Limestone - Quality control - Soils  - Statistics
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Accumulation characteristics - Agricultural land - Agricultural soils - Baseline values - Cumulative frequencies - Evaluation methods - Stratified sampling
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 913.3  Quality Assurance and Control - 921.6  Numerical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.18e+01%, Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 1.47e+01%, Percentage 1.53e+01%, Percentage 1.80e+01%, Percentage 2.12e+01%, Percentage 2.18e+01%, Percentage 2.66e+01%, Percentage 3.79e+00%, Percentage 3.88e+00%, Percentage 4.90e-01%, Percentage 5.29e+00%, Percentage 5.45e+00%, Percentage 5.56e+00%, Percentage 6.50e+00%, Percentage 9.30e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803205

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20190506448158
Title:Effects of Wetland Types on Distribution of Soil Methylmercury Based on the Region of Nanweng River in the Greater Xing'an Mountains
Authors:Zhou, Xin-Quan (1, 2); Liu, Yu-Rong (2); Li, Jing (3); Zhou, Zhi-Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing; 100091, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Zhi-Feng(zhouzhf@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5480-5486
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Methylmercury (MeHg) is the most toxic organic matter of all mercury (Hg) compounds. Its toxicity is far higher than that of inorganic Hg. Methylmercury can enter the human body through food, threatening human health. Based on the Nanweng River National Nature Reserve in the Greater Xing'an Mountains, the differences in the distribution of MeHg in soil samples collected from four types of wetlands, including medium swamp, low swamp, island forest, and forest soil, and the effect of the soil properties on the MeHg content were investigated in this study. The results show that: &#9312; the trends of the total Hg and MeHg levels are inconsistent. The order of the mean total Hg content is island forest (138.76 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;101.97 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;forest soil (117.57 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;32.44 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;low swamp (71.8 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;1.42 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;median swamp (65.11 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;26.69 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>), while the mean MeHg content is in the order of island forest (1.14 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;1.15 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;medium swamp (0.87 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;1.06 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;low swamp (0.28 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;0.06 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;forest soil (0.1 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;0.05 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>); &#9313; the contents of MeHg in the island forest and medium swamp were relatively high and fluctuated dramatically, whereas the contents of MeHg in the low swamp and forest soil were lower and showed little change between each sampling point; &#9314; the longer the marsh wetland formation was, the higher was the MeHg content, that is, median swamp (0.87 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;1.06 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>)&gt;low swamp (0.28 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>&plusmn;0.06 &mu;g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>); the soil pH was positively correlated with MeHg (P&lt;0.05); in the medium swamp area, the content of MeHg was positively related to the water content (WC), organic matter (OM%), carbon (C%), and total mercury (THg; P&lt;0.05); in the island forest areas, the MeHg content showed a linear relationship with the soil pH and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N (P&lt;0.05). This study reveals the distribution characteristics of MeHg and its influencing factors for different wetland ecosystems, providing data supporting the comprehensive evaluation of MeHg accumulation in wetland ecosystems.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Ecosystems - Forestry - Mercury compounds - Organic compounds - Rivers - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Comprehensive evaluation - Distribution characteristics - Linear relationships - Methyl mercury - Nature reserves - Soil property - Total mercuries - Wetland ecosystem
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805204

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20190506448122
Title:Occurrence and Distribution of the Organophosphate Esters in Soils of Mixed-land Use Area in Chongqing City
Authors:Yang, Zhi-Hao (1); He, Ming-Jing (1, 2); Yang, Ting (1); Lu, Jun-Feng (1); Wei, Shi-Qiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, Shi-Qiang(sqwei@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5135-5141
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Organophosphate esters (OPEs) in surface soil of four different functional areas in Chongqing were identified and quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The composition and characteristics of OPEs were discussed along with the relationships between soil organic matter (SOM) and OPEs through correlation analysis, and possible sources of OPEs were simultaneously investigated through principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the concentrations of &sum;OPEs ranged from 10.7 to 108 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> dry weight, with a mean concentration of 46.4 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, which was at the low-level end of the global figure. The average concentration was 55.6 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the industrial area, 55.5 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the residential area, 41.8 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the commercial area, and 34.1 ng&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> in the city park. Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) were dominant compounds, contributing up to 31.5% in the industrial area for TCPP and 23.4% and 24.7% in the commercial area and city park, respectively, for EHDPP. Significant relationships between concentrations of SOM and &sum;OPEs (P&lt;0.05) and tricresyl phosphate (TCP) (P&lt;0.01), respectively, indicated that SOM was a factor affecting the concentration and distribution of the OPEs. The PCA suggested that there were multiple sources of OPEs in urban soil. Sewage irrigation, road runoff, indoor source pollution, and sludge reuse could be potential sources of soil OPEs.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Esters - Fertilizers - High performance liquid chromatography - Irrigation - Land use - Mass spectrometry - Pollution - Sewage  - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Correlation analysis - Functional areas - Occurrence and distribution - Organophosphate esters - Soil organic matters - Tricresyl phosphates - Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographies
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 452.1  Sewage - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801  Chemistry - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.34e+01%, Percentage 2.47e+01%, Percentage 3.15e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803191

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20190506448163
Title:Distribution and Factors Affecting Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in Guangdong Reservoirs
Authors:Lei, Min-Ting (1); Peng, Liang (1, 2); Han, Bo-Ping (1, 2); Lei, La-Mei (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou; 510632, China; (2) Guangdong Center for Control and Prevention of Reservoir Cyanobacterial Blooms, Guangzhou; 510632, China 
Corresponding author:Lei, La-Mei(tleilam@jnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5523-5531
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii originating from tropical and subtropical regions is potentially toxic and attracts much attention due to its extension to the global temperate zone in recent years. Based on historical data of 20 reservoirs with different trophic levels (dry season, wet season, and transitional season of 2010), this study focuses on the analysis of the occurrence and distribution of C. raciborskii in the Guangdong Province. Based on the results, C. raciborskii was found in 19 of the 20 reservoirs and its biomass ranges from 0.000 1-39.740 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and accounts for 0.02%-97.07% of the total phytoplankton biomass. Both a notable spatial and seasonal distribution of C. raciborskii were observed. Its occurrence is higher in the western coastal area (77.78%) than in the Zhujiang Delta (66.67%) and northern coastal area (33.33%) and is relatively lower in the dry season (40%) compared with the rainy season (70%) and transition season (85%). The trophic level has a significant effect on the presence of C. raciborskii, which is notably higher in eutrophic reservoirs (81.48%) than in mesotrophic reservoirs (66.67%) and oligotrophic reservoirs (33.33%). The redundancy analysis shows that C. raciborskii biomass is positively correlated with total nitrogen (TN) and the trophic state index (TSI) and negatively correlated with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and the secchi depth (SD). Thus, C. raciborskii in Guangdong reservoirs may be promoted by environmental factors such as high nitrogen contents, low phosphorus concentration, and transparency.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Biomass - Coastal zones - Drought - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water) - Tropics
Uncontrolled terms:Cylindrospermopsis - Dissolved inorganic nitrogens - Distribution - Environmental factors - Guangdong Province - Occurrence and distribution - Phosphorus concentration - Soluble reactive phosphorus
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443  Meteorology - 444  Water Resources - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-03kg/m3 to 3.97e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.00e-02% to 9.71e+01%, Percentage 3.33e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 6.67e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 7.78e+01%, Percentage 8.15e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805104

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20190506448112
Title:N<inf>2</inf>O Production Pathways in Partial Nitrification Based on Isotope Technology
Authors:Yang, Yu-Bing (1); Yang, Qing (1); Li, Yang (1); Zhou, Xue-Yang (1); Li, Jian-Min (1); Liu, Xiu-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Qing(yangqing@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5051-5057
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Batch experiments were conducted under normal temperature conditions to study the generation of N<inf>2</inf>O in the partial nitrification process under different dissolved oxygen concentrations and their production pathways. When dissolved oxygen was 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the proportion of N<inf>2</inf>O released into the total nitrogen input was 4.35%, 3.27%, and 2.63%, respectively. With increase dissolved oxygen, the proportion of N<inf>2</inf>O released to total influent nitrogen was reduced. Isotope measurements showed that when dissolved oxygen was 0.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, only denitrification by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) produced N<inf>2</inf>O. However, when dissolved oxygen increased to 1.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the activity of nitrifying bacteria increased, and 4.52% of N<inf>2</inf>O was generated through a hydroxylamine oxidation process, whereas the N<inf>2</inf>O generated by AOB denitrification accounted for 95.48%. When dissolved oxygen continuously increased to 2.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the proportion of N<inf>2</inf>O produced by hydroxylamine oxidation increased to 9.11%, and the N<inf>2</inf>O generated by AOB denitrification accounted for 90.89%. The change in dissolved oxygen concentration affects the N<inf>2</inf>O production pathway in the short-cut nitrification process, and avoiding excessive NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N accumulation can reduce the production of N<inf>2</inf>O.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Amines - Ammonia - Bacteria - Denitrification - Dissolution - Isotopes - Nitrification - Nitrogen
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Dissolved oxygen concentrations - Hydroxylamine oxidations - Isotope measurements - Nitrification process - Nitrifying bacteria - Partial nitrification - Temperature conditions
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.50e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.50e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.63e+00%, Percentage 3.27e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+00%, Percentage 4.52e+00%, Percentage 9.09e+01%, Percentage 9.11e+00%, Percentage 9.55e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804164

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20190506448111
Title:Photo-assisted Degradation of Sulfamethazine by Ferrocene-catalyzed Heterogeneous Fenton-like System
Authors:Zhang, Biao-Jun (1); Zhao, Yao-Yun-Chuan (1); Fang, Qi (1); Shi, Feng-Li (1); Zhang, Yue-Chao (1); Zhao, Qun (1); Tian, Sen-Lin (1); Li, Ying-Jie (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Ying-Jie(liyingjie08@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5043-5050
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Antibiotics are acknowledged micropollutants in wastewaters and surface waters. They are of particular concern because they can trigger an increase in resistant bacteria. Therefore, novel and efficient technology for the removal of antibiotics is urgently needed. In this study, heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction based on ferrocene (Fc) had been constructed, sulfamethazine (SMZ) was selected as target compound due to its abundance in water. The degradation kinetics, transformation pathway, and degradation products of SMZ in this system were investigated. The results showed that Fc+H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>+UV had better degradation efficiency for SMZ than did Fc, Fc+UV, H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>, and H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>+UV, Fc+H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> systems. Radical scavenger experiments confirmed that the photogenerated OH was largely responsible for the photolytic enhancement of SMZ in the Fc+H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>+UV system. Additionally, the electron spin resonance technique revealed that photogenerated O<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> was found in the system, indicating that Fc can generate electrons under light conditions. H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> underwent electron disproportionation to produce OH, which promoted the degradation of SMZ. The degradation products of SMZ in the Fc+H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>+UV system were identified by LC/LTQ-Orbitrap MS. The hydroxylation of SMZ, the removal of SO<inf>2</inf>, and the products of breaking C-S, S-N, and N-C bonds were observed. Common soluble components (such as DOM, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and Br<sup>-</sup>) in water can quench OH, thus inhibiting the photodegradation of SMZ. However, the ionic strength had no significant effect on the degradation of SMZ in the Fc+H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>+UV system, which showed that this technique positively affected the treatment of wastewater containing high-salinity antibiotics.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Oxidation
Controlled terms:Antibiotics - Degradation - Ionic strength - Iron compounds - Magnetic moments - Organometallics - Ultraviolet devices - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Degradation efficiency - Degradation products - Electron spin resonance techniques - Ferrocenes - Heterogeneous fenton - Hydroxyl radicals - Sulfamethazine - Transformation pathways
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 741.3  Optical Devices and Systems - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803157

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20190506448152
Title:Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Soil Water δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O in a Typical Karst Valley: A Case Study of the Zhongliang Mountain, Chongqing City
Authors:Wu, Wei (1); Jiang, Yong-Jun (1); Jia, Ya-Nan (1); Peng, Xue-Yi (1); Duan, Shi-Hui (1); Liu, Jiu-Chan (1); Wang, Zheng-Xiong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Yong-Jun(jiangjyj@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5418-5427
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, we analyzed the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of precipitation and three different land use patterns (cultivated land, grass land, and forest land) at 0-15 cm and 15-45 cm in a karst ridge-trough area (Zhongliang Mountain, Beibei District, Chongqing) in May 2017 and September 2017 to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of stable isotopes in different soil profiles using the isotope tracer technique. The results show that: &#9312; The average values of the soil water &delta;D and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O are -50.0&permil;&plusmn;33.6&permil; and -7.9&permil;&plusmn;4.3&permil;, respectively, and all plot around the local meteoric water line (LMWL), indicating that precipitation is the main source of the soil water supply in this area. &#9313; The seasonal variations of &delta;D and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O of the soil water are significant in different months of the rainy season, May (-19.4&permil;&plusmn;6.8&permil; and -4.1&permil;&plusmn;1.0&permil;)&gt;September (-82.2 &permil;&plusmn;14.0&permil; and -11.9&permil;&plusmn;2.2&permil;). &#9314; However, there is no significant difference in the soil water &delta;D and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O under different land use patterns. &#9315; The soil water &delta;D and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O change with soil depth gradients, which decrease along the depth in vertical direction for all types of soil land use in May but mainly increase/decrease in the cultivated land and woodland/grassland in September, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Isotopes - Land use - Landforms - Soil moisture - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Karst ridge-trough area - Land use pattern - Oxygen isotopes - Soil water - Temporal and spatial variation
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 446.1  Water Supply Systems - 481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 1.50e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 4.50e-01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803145

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20190506448177
Title:Soil Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of As at a Large-scale Arsenic Slag-contaminated Site
Authors:Liu, Geng (1); Shi, Ying (2); Tian, Hai-Jin (3); Li, Hao (1); Zhang, Lei (1); Niu, Jun-Jie (1); Guo, Guan-Lin (4); Zhang, Chao (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Scientific Development in Fenhe River Valley, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan; 030619, China; (2) Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan; 030619, China; (3) Yunnan Jingshangda Environmental Consulting Co., Ltd., Kunming; 650228, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Chao(251882481@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5639-5646
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A large-scale arsenic slag-contaminated site was selected to determine soil pollution characteristics and the degree of ecological risk of a large-scale contaminated site. In this study, 184 site soil samples, 101 agricultural soil samples, and 14 arsenic slag samples were collected and the pollution characteristics and ecological risk of As were evaluated using multivariate statistics, geostatistics, and the geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index methods. The results show that the average As contents in site soil, agricultural soil, and arsenic slag are 1 333.0, 358.1, and 17 316.1 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The degree of contamination of As exceeds the national standard &#8546;of the environmental soil quality. The results of the vertical and three-dimensional distributions of contamination show that As is accumulated to different extents in different strata. The accumulation in the site surface soil is the most serious. The As concentrations in site soil samples are higher than that in agricultural soil samples. The potential ecological risk index method shows that all mean potential ecological risk indexes exceed 100 in different strata. Moreover, the percentage of samples in site and agricultural soils at medium pollution level ratios is 58.21% and 61.39%, respectively, illustrating that the As pollution of soil samples from this contaminated site and surrounding farm areas is serious.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Arsenic - Contamination - Heavy metals - Multivariant analysis - Risk assessment - Slags - Soil surveys - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural soils - Contaminated sites - Distribution characteristics - Ecological risk assessment - Ecological risks - Multivariate statistics - Pollution assessment - Potential ecological risk
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922  Statistical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.82e+01%, Percentage 6.14e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804087

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20190506448140
Title:Physiochemical Properties of the Aerosol Particles and Their Impacts on Secondary Aerosol Formation at the Background Site of the Yangtze River Delta
Authors:Huang, Dan-Dan (1, 2); Zhou, Min (1, 2); Yu, Chuan-Guan (3); Zhu, Shu-Hui (1, 2); Wang, Yu-Cheng (3); Qiao, Li-Ping (1, 2); Lou, Sheng-Rong (1, 2); Tao, Shi-Kang (1, 2); Yang, Qiang (4); Li, Li (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Complex, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) Chun'an Environmental Monitoring Station, Chun'an; 311700, China; (4) Hangzhou Institute of Environment Sciences, Hangzhou; 310014, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Li(lili@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5308-5314
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The study of the sources, compositions, and formation mechanisms of pollutants at the background site is crucial for the understanding of episodic events in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). Secondary species are major components of PM<inf>2.5</inf> particles. In this work, the compositions and concentrations of organic matter and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) at a background site of the YRD region were determined. The acidity and liquid water content of aerosol particles were modeled to investigate the impact of the physicochemical properties of aerosol particles on the formation of secondary species. The annual mean PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration in Chunan is 33 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, with major contributions from inorganic sulfate (19%), nitrate (15%), ammonium (12%), and organic matter (19%). Nitrate is mainly locally formed, while sulfate is more affected by regional transport, except in winter. We found that the particles at the background site of the YRD have a high acidity and no seasonal variation was observed. The SOA formation at the background site of the YRD is enhanced by the liquid water content of the aerosol in spring, while it is more affected by the concentration of the oxidant, that is, O<inf>3</inf>, in summer. The contribution of SOA to PM<inf>2.5</inf> in summer is as high as 40%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Aerosols
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Liquids - Nitrates - Organic compounds - Physicochemical properties - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Formation mechanism - Liquid water content - Physio-chemical properties - PM2.5 - PM2.5 concentration - Secondary inorganic aerosol - Secondary organic aerosols - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802107

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20190506448129
Title:Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Different Rice Varieties
Authors:Lin, Xiao-Bing (1); Zhou, Li-Jun (1); Wang, Hui-Ming (2); Liu, Hui (2); Wu, Lin (1); Yu, Ying (2); Hu, Min (3); He, Bo (3); Zhou, Qing-Hui (2); Huang, Qian-Ru (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Red Soil Improvement Engineering Technology Research Center, Red Soil Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang; 331717, China; (2) Agricultural Environmental Monitoring Station of Jiangxi, Nanchang; 330046, China; (3) Agricultural Bureau of Pingxiang, Pingxiang; 337000, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Qian-Ru(qianruhuang@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5198-5206
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Field experiments were conducted on the heavy metal contents (Cd, Pb, Cr, inorganic As, and total Hg) of the 129 main cultivated rice varieties in southern China. We analyzed the effects of different varieties and types of rice on the absorption capacities of these heavy metals. The results showed that the Cd content in 35 brown rice of early rice was 0.35-0.60 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, exceeding the standard rate of 100%. The Pb content in brown rice was 0.08-0.30 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, exceeding the rate of 14.29%. The Cd content in 54 brown rice of medium rice was 0.03-0.45 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, exceeding the rate of 33.33%. The Cd content in 40 brown rice of late rice was 0.08-0.20 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, which did not exceed the national standard. Early, middle, and late rice all showed that the Cd content of three-line hybrid rice was higher than that of two-line hybrid rice, but the difference was not obvious. The contents of Cr and total Hg in brown rice of three-line hybrid rice in early rice were significantly higher than that of two-line hybrid rice. There was a significant positive correlation between Cd content in brown rice and Pb and total Hg content in medium rice, and there was a significant negative correlation between inorganic Cd content and inorganic As content, whereas there was no significant correlation between Cd and Cr content. In short, rice's absorption and accumulation of heavy metals is greatly affected by genetic background, species types, and heavy metal interactions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Heavy metals
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption capacity - Brown rice - Genetic backgrounds - Heavy metal contents - Hybrid rice - Negative correlation - Positive correlations - Rice variety
Classification code:531  Metallurgy and Metallography
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 1.43e+01%, Percentage 3.33e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804027

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20190506448150
Title:Concentration, Flux, and Emission Factor of N<inf>2</inf>O in Rivers with Different Nitrogen Pollution Features
Authors:Wang, Miao (1, 2); Li, Ya-Feng (1); Lei, Kun (2); Yang, Li-Biao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Construction University, Shenyang; 110168, China; (2) Institute of Water Environmental Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Li-Biao(yanglb@craes.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5400-5409
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, 22 rivers in Tieling City were selected to study the concentration, flux, and emission factor (EF<inf>5r</inf>) of N<inf>2</inf>O. Based on the concentrations and components of nitrogen (N), the 22 rivers can be divided into ammonia nitrogen (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>)-polluted rivers (mean NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>=5.86 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), nitrate nitrogen (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>)-polluted rivers (mean NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>=3.05 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), and N-limited rivers [mean DIN (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>+ NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>)=1.04 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>]. Overall, the concentration of N<inf>2</inf>O ranges from 17.03 to 9 028.60 nmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean value of 546.75 nmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (mean saturation=6 256%). The emission fluxes across the water-air interface range from 17.21 to 15 655.3 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean value of 949.36 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, indicating that those rivers are net sources of atmospheric N<inf>2</inf>O. The concentration and flux of N<inf>2</inf>O observed in NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-polluted rivers are significantly higher than that in the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-polluted and N-limited rivers. According to the method proposed by the IPCC, EF<inf>5r</inf> varies greatly among the three types of rivers and the coefficient of variation of EF<inf>5r</inf> is 445%. The EF<inf>5r</inf> for NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-polluted rivers is on average 0.0005, which is lower than the recommended value of 0.002 5. However, the EF<inf>5r</inf> for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-polluted rivers is on average 0.445 6, which is 180 times the recommended value and may be caused by the lower NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration of those rivers. The EF<inf>5r</inf> of N-limited rivers averages 0.005 0 and is two times the recommended value. Thus, it is necessary to assess the pollution status of N before calculating the EF<inf>5r</inf> for the riverine system. We suggest that the EF<inf>5r</inf> for NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-polluted and N-limited rivers should be calculated using [N<inf>2</inf>O]/[NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>] and [N<inf>2</inf>O]/[DIN], respectively, without assessing the composition and concentration of N.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Fluxes - Nitrogen - Phase interfaces - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen - Coefficient of variation - Emission factors - N pollutions - Nitrate nitrogen - Nitrogen pollution - Recommended values - Water-air interface
Classification code:453  Water Pollution - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 2.86e-05mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.47e-04mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3, Percentage 4.45e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20190506448145
Title:Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from the Coking Process
Authors:Wang, Yan-Hui (1, 2); Zhao, Liang (1, 2); Sun, Wen-Qiang (1, 2); Ye, Zhu (3); Cai, Jiu-Ju (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Thermal Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China; (3) Experimental Center of School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, Wen-Qiang(sunwq@mail.neu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5359-5364
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the particulate matter emission characteristics of various emitting sources of the coking process of iron and steel plants, an automatic dust (smoke) tester and an eight-staged Anderson sampler were employed to conduct onsite sampling of particulate matter emissions from the coking process, including coal loading and coke pushing, coke dry quenching exhaust and coke screening and transferring in a steel plant, based on the measurement of particulate matter in the exhaust of fixed sources and sampling of gaseous pollutants. The morphology, particle size distribution, and chemical composition of the particulate matter from different sources were investigated. The results show that the single particles can be divided into five categories: iron-rich, silicon-rich, calcium-rich, carbon, and smoke polymer. They mainly appear in four forms: polygon block, irregular lamellae, lumps, and floc. The particle size of the coal loading and coke pushing unit mainly is 3.3-4.7 &mu;m, while it is 3.3-4.7 &mu;m and 5.8-9.0 &mu;m for the dry quenching exhaust and 4.7-5.8 &mu;m for the coke screening and transferring unit. The main chemical components of particulate matter in the coking process are C, SiO<inf>2</inf>, Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, S, CaO, and TFe, with contents of 76.30%-81.30%, 5.36%-5.91%, 3.96%-4.26%, 1.15%-1.34%, 0.52%-1.59%, and 0.81%-1.34%, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Particulate emissions
Controlled terms:Alumina - Aluminum oxide - Coal dust - Coke - Coking - Fog - Iron and steel plants - Light transmission - Morphology - Particle size  - Particle size analysis - Particles (particulate matter) - Quenching - Silica - Silicon oxides - Size distribution - Smoke - Steelmaking
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical component - Chemical compositions - Coke dry quenching - Coking process - Emitting sources - Gaseous pollutants - Particulate Matter - Particulate matter emissions
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 524  Solid Fuels - 537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 545  Iron and Steel - 545.3  Steel - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.63e+01% to 8.13e+01%, Percentage 8.10e-01% to 1.34e+00%, Size 3.30e-06m to 4.70e-06m, Size 4.70e-06m to 5.80e-06m, Size 5.80e-06m to 9.00e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803181

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20190506448176
Title:Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals for Different Types of Land Use and Evaluation of Human Health
Authors:Li, Chun-Fang (1); Cao, Jian-Fei (1); L&uuml;, Jian-Shu (1); Yao, Lei (1); Wu, Quan-Yuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan; 250358, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Quan-Yuan(wqy6420582@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5628-5638
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Surface soils were collected from five types of land use in the northern plain of Longkou City and the contents of five heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As) were determined. Based on results from preliminary studies on heavy metal pollution of soil, the potential ecological risks caused by heavy metals in the soil and risks to human health were evaluated using the Hakanson potential ecological risk assessment model after adjusting the evaluation threshold and the health assessment model after modifying parameters. The results show that the contents of five heavy metals in the study area exceed the background value, the potential ecological risk of Cd is high and complex, in irrigated land, orchard land, and bare land it is mostly the second-class risk, and urban industrial land and mining land are dominated by severe risk. The element As is equivalent to the first two levels of each land class; the minor risk areas of the other three types of heavy metals are larger than 70%. The comprehensive ecological risk of the five elements is higher than the three-level risk in the field, except for the bare ground. The area of four-level risk of urban industrial land and mining land is relatively large. The five types of soil heavy metals in this area present noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to human health. The element Pb and heavy metal As, both entering the body by oral intake, pose a noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risk to adults and children, respectively.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Ecology - Equivalence classes - Health - Health risks - Heavy metals - Land use - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carcinogenic risk - Ecological risk assessment - Ecological risks - Health assessments - Heavy metal pollution - Land use type - Modifying parameters - Potential ecological risk
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804228

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20190506448181
Title:Effect of Phosphorus Addition on the Abundance of Autotrophic CO<inf>2</inf>-Fixation Microorganisms in Rhizospheric Soil from a Phosphorus-Limited Paddy Field
Authors:Bai, Jing (1); Li, Yi-Fei (1); Liu, Shou-Long (2); Zhu, Zhen-Ke (2); Li, Ke-Lin (1); Peng, Pei-Qin (1); Wu, Xiao-Hong (3); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (3) College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China 
Corresponding author:Peng, Pei-Qin(pqpeng123@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5672-5679
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A rice pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of phosphorus addition on the abundance of autotrophic CO<inf>2</inf>-fixation microorganisms using phosphorus-limited paddy soil from the Changsha Observation and Research Station for the Agricultural Environment. Rice seedlings were transplanted in the paddy soil with or without phosphorus addition, corresponding to P-treated-pot (P) or control pot (CK), respectively. Rhizosphere soils were collected from the P and CK treatments during the tillering and shooting stages. The physical and chemical soil properties were measured and the abundance of autotrophic CO<inf>2</inf>-fixation microorganisms was quantified with a real-time PCR technique based on four functional genes (cbbL, cbbM, accA, and aclB) involved in three CO<inf>2</inf>-fixation pathways (CBB cycle, rTCA cycle, and 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle). The results show that phosphorus addition improves the concentrations of DOC and Olsen-P and the pH value, whereas negative effects on the MBC and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations are revealed during the tillering stage. The effect of phosphorus addition on the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration in the tillering and shooting stages differs. Phosphorus addition significantly increases the abundances of the cbbL, cbbM, accA, and aclB genes, which are 156%, 99%, 110%, and 193% higher than those of the CK treatment in the tillering stage. However, this positive effect is not notable for the cbbL, accA, and aclB genes during the shooting stage. Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that Olsen-P is the environmental factor that most significantly affects the abundance of autotrophic CO<inf>2</inf>-fixation microorganisms.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Phosphorus
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Genes - Microorganisms - Polymerase chain reaction - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural environments - CO2 fixation - Environmental factors - Paddy soils - Phosphorus addition - Physical and chemical soil properties - Redundancy analysis (RDA) - Rhizosphere soils
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.10e+02%, Percentage 1.56e+02%, Percentage 1.93e+02%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803210

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20190506448116
Title:Effect of Salinity on Nitrogen Removal Performance of a Pilot-scale Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Process and Its Recovery Kinetics
Authors:Tang, Jia-Jia (1); Yu, De-Shuang (1); Wang, Xiao-Xia (1); Chen, Guang-Hui (1); Zhang, Jun (1); Zhao, Hong (2); Han, Chang-Min (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (2) Wuhan Kaidi Electric Power Environmental Co., Ltd., Wuhan; 430023, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Xia(elainewangxx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5081-5089
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The denitrification characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) treating high salinity wastewater were investigated in an pilot-scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR, 530 L) by gradually increasing the Cl<sup>-</sup> concentration. The results showed that AnAOB can adapt to the high salinity (Cl<sup>-</sup>concentration of 10 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) environment for high-efficiency denitrification by means of gradual salinity acclimation and total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of up to 92.3%. In particular, the denitrification performance was influenced by two gradients of Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations, namely 6 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 10 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, but it could be gradually recovered as the acclimatization process continued. The modified Boltzmann model accurately fit the activity recovery process of AnAOB after being inhibited by the different salinities, and the correlation coefficient R<sup>2</sup> was above 0.96. The fitted recovered median values t<inf>c</inf> for Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations of 6 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 10 000 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> were 28.765 d and 44.495 d. NRR<inf>max</inf> for these concentrations was 0.145 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.212 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, and NRR<inf>min</inf> was 0.021 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.085 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. After salinity acclimation, the dominant bacteria of AnAOB were Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Jettenia (the abundances were 14.76% and 2.7%, respectively), the granulation degree and sludge density increased to varying degrees, and the sludge color was reddish brown.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Batch reactors - Denitrification - Enzyme kinetics - Recovery - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Activity recovery - Ammonia oxidizing bacteria - Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors - ANAMMOX - Correlation coefficient - Domestication - High salinity wastewaters - Removal performance
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.48e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+00%, Percentage 9.23e+01%, Volume 5.30e-01m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804084

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20190506448100
Title:Impact of Mainstream Backwater on the Water Environment of the Tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir at Low Water Level
Authors:Chen, Zi-Juan (1, 2); Song, Xian-Fang (1, 3); Zhang, Ying-Hua (1); Wei, Xiao (1, 2); Tang, Yu (1, 2); Qin, Wen-Jing (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and the Surface Process, Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100190, China; (3) School of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Xian-Fang(songxf@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4946-4955
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To prevent the eutrophication of tributaries and guarantee water quality and safety in the Three Gorges Reservoir, research on the impact of mainstream backwater on tributary water environments is of great significance. The investigation and sampling of the Yangtze mainstream and its major tributaries in the reservoir region were performed from August 7 to August 12, 2016, through which the overall hydrochemical environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir has been revealed, and the impact of mainstream backwater on the hydrochemical characteristics of main tributaries has been determined during the low water level operation period. The results showed the following: &#9312; The electrical conductivity of the mainstream varied from 291 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup> to 336 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>, whereas that of the mainstream backwater unaffected zone of the tributary varied from 183.7 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup> to 518 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>. The electrical conductivity of the mainstream backwater affected zone of the tributary varied from 267 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup> to 330 &mu;S&bull;cm<sup>-1</sup>, which was close to the mainstream variation range. &#9313; The variation range of the &delta;D and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values of the mainstream were -81.60&permil;-75.16&permil; and -11.57&permil;-10.26&permil;, whereas that of the mainstream backwater unaffected zone of tributaries were -59.94&permil;-43.67&permil; and -9.00&permil;-6.04&permil;; those of the mainstream backwater affected zone of tributary were -77.85&permil;-50.75&permil; and -11.06&permil;-7.33&permil;, which showed the same pattern as those of electrical conductivity and mass concentration of main anions and cations. This means that the mainstream affected the waterbody composition of tributaries through backwater as well as the chemical characterization of tributary water. The extent of mainstream backwater influence on tributaries was negatively correlated to the distance between the tributary estuary and Three Gorges Dam as well as tributary discharge. The hydrochemical characteristics of the mainstream backwater unaffected zone of the tributary were related to the tributary catchment properties. Tributaries with denser populations and higher proportions of cultivated land have poorer water quality. Mainstream backwater can pollute tributaries of better water quality and optimize those with poor water quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Catchments - Electric conductivity - Eutrophication - Hydrochemistry - Land use - Water levels - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical characteristic - Main tributaries - Mainstream backwater - Oxygen isotopic - Three gorges reservoir
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 441.2  Reservoirs - 445.2  Water Analysis - 481.2  Geochemistry - 701.1  Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Numerical data indexing:Electrical_Conductivity 1.84e-02S/m to 5.18e-02S/m, Electrical_Conductivity 2.67e-02S/m to 3.30e-02S/m, Electrical_Conductivity 2.91e-02S/m to 3.36e-02S/m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803061

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20190506448166
Title:Color and Nitrogen Removal from Synthetic Dye Wastewater in an Integrated Hydrolysis/Acidification and Anoxic/Aerobic Process
Authors:Gu, Meng-Qi (1); Yin, Qi-Dong (1); Liu, Ai-Ke (1); Wu, Guang-Xue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen; 518055, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Guang-Xue(wu.guangxue@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5550-5557
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Azo dye is a type of reactive dyes with a stable structure. Its discharge into the environment affects the human health and growth of aquatic organisms. The color and nitrogen removal through an integrated hydrolysis/acidification and anoxic/aerobic (AO) process for the treatment of wastewater containing reactive red 2 (RR2) was investigated. The color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia nitrogen were removed efficiently, with removal efficiencies of 71.0%, 92.2%, and 83.5%, respectively. The dominant azo dye degradation bacterium in the hydrolysis/acidification reactor was Desulfovibrio. The dominant nitrifying bacterium in the AO reactor was Nitrospira, while the denitrifying bacteria were Thauera and Dechloromonas. When increasing the hydrolysis/acidification temperature from 25&#8451; to 35&#8451;, the color removal efficiency improved by 141.2%. When the concentration of COD increased from 200 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 800 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> at 25&#8451;, the color removal efficiency improved by 208.9%. Nitrite accumulation occurred in the AO reactor with a nitritation efficiency of 73.8%. The RR2 did not inhibit the nitrification, while aniline inhibited the nitrification. At an aniline concentration of 6 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the ammonia oxidation was the slowest.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Color removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Aniline - Aquatic organisms - Azo dyes - Bacteria - Chemical oxygen demand - Color - Denitrification - Efficiency - Hydrolysis  - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Aniline concentration - Anoxic/aerobic - Color removal efficiency - Denitrifying bacteria - Dyeing wastewater - Nitrification inhibitions - Removal efficiencies - Synthetic dye wastewaters
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 471  Marine Science and Oceanography - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e-01kg/m3 to 8.00e-01kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.41e+02%, Percentage 2.09e+02%, Percentage 7.10e+01%, Percentage 7.38e+01%, Percentage 8.35e+01%, Percentage 9.22e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20190506448089
Title:Emissions Inventory of Smoldering Chinese Kangs and Their Contribution to PM<inf>2.5</inf> Pollution in Lanzhou City
Authors:Guo, Wen-Kai (1); Liu, Xiao (1); Zhu, Yu-Fan (1); Chen, Qiang (1); Du, Yong-Gang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (2) College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan; 250013, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Qiang(chenqqh@lzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4849-4857
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Considering regional differences in economic development, the activity level of smoldering Chinese kangs was confirmed by surveys in typical areas in Lanzhou City. An emissions inventory of smoldering Chinese kangs in Lanzhou City in 2016 was established using the emissions factor approach. The emissions amounts of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, NH<inf>3</inf>, CO, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM<inf>10</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were 340.8, 201.8, 106.0, 36 628.2, 4 997.2, 6 070.3, 5 645.1, 1 089.3, and 1 233.1 t&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Emissions amounts were allocated by spatial and temporal characteristics. The emissions were concentrated from November to mid-April of the following year. Spatially, there were significant differences in emissions at different economic levels. The high value areas of emissions were mainly concentrated in the southern part of Yuzhong, central Yongdeng, and south of Qilihe. The weather research and forecasting with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was used to determine the average contribution of smoldering Chinese kangs to PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration in Lanzhou City during the heating season. The simulation results were improved after applying the emissions inventory. The average PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration at Lanyuan Hotel (in the city) and Yuzhong Station (in the countryside) increased 32 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> and 34 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> in the simulation, respectively, and the corresponding rates of pollution contribution were 37.6% and 49.2%. Thus, researching and enacting scientific control measures for smoldering Chinese kang pollutants is significant to improving regional air quality.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Air quality - Ammonia - Volatile organic compounds - Weather forecasting
Uncontrolled terms:Emissions inventory - PM2.5 - Smoldering Chinese kangs - Source contributions - WRF-Chem
Classification code:443  Meteorology - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 3.76e+01%, Percentage 4.92e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803177

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20190506448134
Title:Effects of Plastic Film Mulching Patterns and Irrigation on Yield of Summer Maize and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Intensity of Field
Authors:Luo, Xiao-Qi (1); Zhang, A-Feng (2); Chen, Hai-Xin (1); Feng, Hao (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Feng, Hao(nercwsi@vip.sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5246-5256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to evaluate the effect of different treatments on yield and greenhouse gas emissions during the summer maize growing season, a two-year film mulching experiment was conducted in 2014 and 2015. In this experiment, the two main experimental factors were rainfed treatment (R) and irrigated treatment (I), and the secondary experimental factors included control treatment (CK), half film mulching treatment (HM), and full film mulching treatment (FM). The emissions of soil greenhouse gases (CO<inf>2</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf>, and N<inf>2</inf>O) were monitored using a static opaque chamber and chromatography method. Moreover, the greenhouse gas emissions intensity (GHGI) was used to evaluate the effect of carbon sequestration in different treatments. The results of this study showed that the yields of the RHM and RFM treatments did not differ significantly in 2014, but increased by 19.6% and 26.8%, respectively, in 2015 compared with that of RCK. The yield of IHM was not improved, and that of IFM significantly increased by 14.1% and 55.8% in 2014 and 2015, respectively, compared with that of ICK. The irrigated treatments only promoted CO<inf>2</inf> emissions in 2015 (P&lt;0.01), and all film mulching treatments (regardless of HM and FM treatments) had no effect on CO<inf>2</inf> emissions under rainfed and irrigated conditions (P&gt;0.05). Irrigated treatments had no effect on the absorption of CH<inf>4</inf> (P&gt;0.05), whereas the film mulching treatments had an inhibitory effect. Compared with values of RCK, the amount of seasonal N<inf>2</inf>O emissions for ICK showed a significant difference in 2015 with a decrease of 22.3%. Compared with values of RCK, the amounts of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions for RHM and RFM had no significant differences in 2014, but significantly decreased by 50.7% and 51.4% in 2015, respectively. Compared with ICK, IHM and IFM significantly decreased the amounts of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions by 47.5% and 54.2% in 2014, and by 9.6% and 52.2% in 2015, respectively. The GHGIs of RHM and RFM were significantly reduced by 60.1% and 61.7% in 2015, respectively, compared with values of RCK, and the GHGIs of IHM and IFM were significantly reduced by 39.7% and 53.2% in 2014, and reduced by 22.2% and 67.5% in 2015, respectively, compared with that of ICK. This means that the effect of FM on reducing GHGI was better than that of HM. It was also found that the significantly reduced GHGI in irrigated treatments may be attributed to the increased yields. Therefore, FM under irrigation conditions was recommended for summer maize for stabilizing the yield and reducing the GHGI.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Frequency modulation - Gas chromatography - Greenhouse effect - Greenhouse gases - Irrigation
Uncontrolled terms:Control treatments - Different treatments - Experimental factors - Film mulching - Inhibitory effect - Plastic film mulching - Summer maize - Yield
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821.3  Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.41e+01%, Percentage 1.96e+01%, Percentage 2.22e+01%, Percentage 2.23e+01%, Percentage 2.68e+01%, Percentage 3.97e+01%, Percentage 4.75e+01%, Percentage 5.07e+01%, Percentage 5.14e+01%, Percentage 5.22e+01%, Percentage 5.32e+01%, Percentage 5.42e+01%, Percentage 5.58e+01%, Percentage 6.01e+01%, Percentage 6.17e+01%, Percentage 6.75e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804056

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20190506448168
Title:Rapid Start-up of a Nitrite-Dependent Methane Anaerobic Oxidation Reaction Under Static Pressure Conditions
Authors:Wang, Yi-Nan (1); Hu, Zhen (1); Ru, Dong-Yun (1); Jiang, Li-Ping (1); Liu, Hua-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan; 250100, China 
Corresponding author:Hu, Zhen(huzhen885@sdu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5565-5571
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The present study explores the effect of static pressure on the rapid start-up of a nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) process in lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR). A mixture of anaerobic sludge and deep paddy soil with a volume ratio of 1:1 was used as inoculum and the influent of the nitrite (NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) concentration was gradually increased to avoid a toxicity shock. The variation of the NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N removal performance and corresponding microbial characteristics were analyzed to evaluate the development of the N-DAMO process. After 120 days of operation, significant N-DAMO phenomena were observed in both the control SBR (R1) with normal pressure and pressurized SBR (R2) with a static pressure of 0.3 MPa. The NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N removal rate (measured by NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) of R2 (36.90 mg&bull;(L&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>) was 24% higher than that of R1, while the average NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N removal rate in the first 4 h of the batch cycle in R2 (0.10 mmol&bull;(L&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>) was 186% higher than that of R1. The mean sludge size of R2 was~2-fold larger than that of R1. Sludge in R2 also has a bigger specific surface area, which improves the mass transfer rate of methane and the N-DAMO performance. The specific activity of N-DAMO (measured by N/VSS) reached 0.29 mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup> in the study period, which is approximately 2 times higher than that of R1. Moreover, the abundance of N-DAMO functional microbes Candidatus Methylomirabilish oxyfera (M. oxyfera) in R2 was 10-fold higher than that of R1. These results indicate that static pressure effectively accelerates the start-up of the N-DAMO process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Batch reactors
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Mass transfer - Methane - Nitrogen oxides - Oxidation
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic methane oxidations - Anaerobic oxidation - Lab-scale sequencing - M. oxyfera - Mass transfer rate - Microbial characteristics - Sequencing batch reactors - Static pressure
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 641.3  Mass Transfer - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.29e-01yr, Percentage 1.86e+02%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Pressure 3.00e+05Pa, Time 1.44e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805156

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20190506448131
Title:Daily Variation of CO<inf>2</inf> Flux at Water-Air Interface and Analysis of Its Affecting Factors in a Typical River of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Luo, Jia-Chen (1, 2); Li, Si-Yue (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing; 400074, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Si-Yue(syli2006@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5217-5226
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Diurnal and seasonal characterization of CO<inf>2</inf> partial pressure p(CO<inf>2</inf>) and CO<inf>2</inf> areal flux F(CO<inf>2</inf>) at the water-air interface in an anthropogenic river in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was studied. A tributary of the Jialing River in Chongqing Municipality was chosen, and daily and seasonal samples were taken in summer and autumn, focusing on riverine p(CO<inf>2</inf>), F(CO<inf>2</inf>), and their associated controls. Henry's law combined with the thin boundary layer model was adopted to estimate the CO<inf>2</inf> flux via the water-air interface. The results indicated that F(CO<inf>2</inf>) was not high on average, namely (87.8&plusmn;27.5) mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and (139.2&plusmn;34.0) mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> in summer and autumn, respectively. The water-air interface F(CO<inf>2</inf>) showed significant hourly, daily, and seasonal variations. CO<inf>2</inf> release peaked around 09:00 and then slightly decreased. We also found that pH, alkalinity, water, and temperature were significantly related to p(CO<inf>2</inf>) and F(CO<inf>2</inf>), whereas pH and alkalinity were the best predictors of F(CO<inf>2</inf>). This study aids understanding of the impacts of urbanization on CO<inf>2</inf> emissions in the rivers and helps to re-evaluate local riverine CO<inf>2</inf> budgets.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Boundary layers - Budget control - pH - Phase interfaces - Reservoirs (water) - Rivers
Uncontrolled terms:CO2 emissions - Daily change - Environmental factors - Seasonal changes - Water-air interface
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803059

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20190506448161
Title:Purification Efficiency and Microbial Characteristics of Four Biofilters Operated Under Different Conditions
Authors:Jiang, Xiao-Liang (1); Li, Meng (1); Zhang, Shao-Hui (1); Zhang, Shi-Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan; 430070, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Shi-Yang(zhangshiyang7@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5503-5513
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore the effects of aeration, microbial acclimation period, and pool shape or flow pattern change on the purification efficiency of biofilters at the microbiological level, four biofilters with different working conditions, that is, MAVF, NAVF, NVF, and BHF, were studied. The first three are vertical-flow biofilters and the last one is a baffled-flow biofilter. The four filters filled with the same ceramsite were made of organic glass. The MAVF filter was connected with the BHF filter in series and was operated for one year prior to the trial. The NAVF and NVF filters are newly activated filters. The four filters that were used to treat domestic sewage were synchronously operated in batch mode in this study. The MAVF and NAVF filters were intermittently aerated in contrast to the other two. During the period of microbial acclimation of the newly activated filters, the purification efficiency of the four filters was continuously monitored and the microbial community structure characteristics were analyzed at the end of microbial acclimation. The results show that the purification efficiency of the three vertical-flow filters is significantly higher than that of the horizontal-flow one and aeration significantly enhances the purification efficiency. However, aeration has a weaker effect on the efficiency than the microbial maturity of the filter. An apparent accumulation of nitrates or nitrites in the four filters was not observed, indicating that the denitrification was rather thorough. The 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analysis shows that the diversity index of the four filters is BHF&gt;MAVF&gt;NAVF&gt;NVF, indicating that the more mature the filter is, the higher is the diversity index. Most of the packing microorganisms are facultative heterotrophic bacteria and the most abundant are heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria. Heterotrophic nitrification occurs in the NVF and BHF filters and aeration promotes the enrichment of aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. Aerobic phosphorus-accumulating organisms were not detected in the four filters. Therefore, phosphorus was mainly removed via denitrifying phosphorus accumulation. Under the test conditions, the removal rate of total nitrogen was not high, mainly because nitrifying bacteria were not enriched in the filter or their abundance was insufficient. The latter resulted in the limited ammonium-oxidizing ability of the filter, thus affecting the removal of total nitrogen. The above-mentioned results show that the adjustment of different working conditions will affect the redox status and associated enrichment of functional bacteria inside the biofilter, which will ultimately affect the purification efficiency.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Filtration
Controlled terms:Aerobic bacteria - Biofilters - Denitrification - Efficiency - Flow patterns - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus - Purification  - Sewage - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium oxidizing bacteria - Heterotrophic denitrification - Heterotrophic nitrification - High-throughput sequencing - Microbial characteristics - Microbial community structures - Phosphorus accumulating organisms - Purification efficiency
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 631.1  Fluid Flow, General - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804203

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20190506448159
Title:Simulation of the Migration and Release Characteristics of Organophosphate Esters in Fluctuation Zone Soil of the Three Gorges Reservoir During Flooding
Authors:Yang, Ting (1); He, Ming-Jing (1, 2); Yang, Zhi-Hao (1); Wei, Shi-Qiang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Wei, Shi-Qiang(sqwei@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5487-5493
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, we investigated the effects of organophosphate ester (OPE) concentrations, temperature, soil organic matter, and microorganisms on the migration and release of several common OPEs from fluctuation zone soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) to the overlying water by simulation experiments in the lab. The results indicate that the release of OPEs is determined based on their concentrations in the soil. The release of OPEs from soil to the overlying water decreases with increasing organic matter content, which indicates that the presence of organic matter could inhibit the migration of OPEs. However, the inhibition of the release of OPEs of organic matter is not significantly enhanced when the organic content (dry weight) is greater than 30 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. The average migration amount of OPEs is 1 077.3 ng&bull;mL<sup>-1</sup> at 27&#8451;, which was higher than that at 7&#8451;, indicating that high temperature promotes the release of OPEs. The effect of microorganisms is not notable. Chlorine-based OPEs including Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), and Tris(1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) phosphate (TDCP) are the main monomers in the overlying water, mainly because both the Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient (K<inf>ow</inf>) and Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient (K<inf>oc</inf>) of chlorine-based OPEs are lower than that of alkane-based OPEs and aromatic-based OPEs. Thus, chlorine-based OPEs are more easily dissolved in water and are not easily adsorbed by organic matter in the soil. Therefore, chlorine-based OPEs are more likely to migrate from the soil and to be released into the overlying water than other OPEs and become the main OPE monomers in the overlying water of the TGR.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Chlorine - Esters - Microorganisms - Monomers - Organic carbon - Plasticizers - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon partition coefficients - Migration and release - Octanol-water partition coefficient - Organophosphate esters - Release characteristics - Three gorges reservoir - Tris(1 ,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate - Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.73e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-05kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804052

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20190506448187
Title:Livestock and Poultry Faeces Nitrogen Loading Rate and Its Potential Return to Farmland in China
Authors:Liu, Xiao-Yong (1); Wang, Xiu-Bin (1); Li, Shu-Tian (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI) Beijing Office, Beijing; 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Shu-Tian(lishutian@caas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5723-5739
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To clearly analyze livestock and poultry faeces and the nitrogen loading rate of farmland in different provinces of China and their potential return to agricultural land, the changes of the output of various livestock and poultry faeces in China and the proportion of faeces from all types of livestock and poultry since 1978 were estimated in this paper based on statistical data and literature reviews using the pig manure equivalent (based on nitrogen) and the spatial distribution and pollution risk of livestock and the poultry faeces and nitrogen loading rates. Furthermore, the nitrogen return potential from animal faeces to farmland was analyzed and evaluated for different provinces of China in 2016. The results show that the pig manure equivalent (N) and total N from livestock and poultry faeces in China increases from 1978 to 2005 and is stable from 2005 to 2016. By 2016, the pig manure equivalent (N) and N were 366 822.01&times;10<sup>4</sup> t and 2 024.10&times;10<sup>4</sup> t, respectively, reflecting an increase by 105.78%. Approximately 94.03% to 98.34% of the faeces was from poultry, sheep, pigs, and cattle. The livestock and poultry faeces pig manure equivalent (N) and nutrient N were mainly distributed in North-Central China, especially in the Henan Province, accounting for 22.25% and 8.81% of the total in China, respectively, followed by the Sichuan Province. Based on the arable land, planting, and farmland areas, the pig faeces equivalent (N) and its N nutrient per unit area were calculated and the environmental risks were evaluated based on r values. Based on the arable land area, the southwestern and southeastern regions have large loading rates, while the northcentral region has a serious pollution risk of grade &#8547;. Based on the planting area, the northwestern and southwestern regions have relatively large loading rates, while the northwestern and northcentral regions have pollution risks of grade &#8546;. Based on the farmland area, the northcentral and southeastern regions have great loading rates and the northcentral region has a pollution risk of grade &#8546;, Hunan has the largest loading rate, and Beijing, Shandong, and Henan have grade &#8547; pollution risks. The livestock and poultry faeces pig manure equivalent (N) and amount of N nutrients returning to farmland in China are 113 480.75&times;10<sup>4</sup> t and 626.15&times;10<sup>4</sup> t, respectively, equivalent to 3.07 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup> and 16.92 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, and the northcentral region has the largest rates with 8.27 t&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>and 45.62 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. Based on 50% of the environmental capacity of faeces N, that is, 85 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, the N nutrient return can increase by 2 520.21&times;10<sup>4</sup> t. The Heilongjiang Province has the greatest potential return, followed by the Sichuan Province.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:66
Main heading:Loading
Controlled terms:Farms - Fertilizers - Land use - Mammals - Manures - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Pollution - Risk perception - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural land - Environmental capacity - Environmental risks - Literature reviews - Livestock and poultry faeces - Loading rate - Pig manures - Potential returning to farmland
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 691.2  Materials Handling Methods - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.06e+02%, Percentage 2.22e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 8.81e+00%, Percentage 9.40e+01% to 9.83e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802024

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20190506448114
Title:Simultaneous Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Characteristics of An Anaerobic/Aerobic Operated SPNDPR System Treating Low C/N Urban Sewage
Authors:Yu, De-Shuang (1); Yuan, Meng-Fei (1); Wang, Xiao-Xia (1); Chen, Guang-Hui (1); Zhen, Jian-Yuan (1); Du, Shi-Ming (1); Zhang, Fan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Xia(elainewangxx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5065-5073
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:This study focused on the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal performance optimization of simultaneous partial nitrification-endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal (SPNDPR) systems. An anaerobic (180 min)/aerobic operated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with domestic wastewater was used for investigating the startup and optimization of SPNDPR by regulating the aeration rate and aerobic duration time. The experimental results showed that at an aerobic aeration rate of 0.8 L&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> and aerobic duration time of 150 min, the effluent PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P concentration was about 1.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, with the effluent NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations gradually decreasing from 10.28 and 8.14 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 0 and 2.27 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and effluent NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration increasing to 1.81 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. When the aeration rate was increased to 1.0 L&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> and the aerobic duration time was shortened to 120 min, the phosphorus removal and partial nitrification-endogenous performance of the system gradually increased, but the total nitrogen (TN) removal performance initially decreased and then gradually increased. The final effluent PO<inf>4</inf><sup>3-</sup>-P and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N were stably below 0.5 and 1.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, aerobic nitrite accumulation and simultaneous nitrification-endogenous denitrification (SND) efficiencies were 98.65 and 44.20%, respectively, and TN removal efficiency was 79.78%. The concurrence of aerobic phosphorus absorption, denitrifying phosphorus removal, partial nitrification, and nitrification-endogenous in the aerobic stage of the SPNDPR system ensured the simultaneous removal of N and P from low C/N wastewater.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Denitrification - Efficiency - Effluents - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Sewage
Uncontrolled terms:C/N ratio - Denitrifying phosphorus removal - Endogenous denitrification - Glycogen accumulating organisms - Partial nitrification - Phosphorous accumulating organisms (PAOs) - Sequencing batch reactors - Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removals
Classification code:452.1  Sewage - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.03e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.81e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.27e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.14e-03kg/m3, Percentage 4.42e+01%, Percentage 7.98e+01%, Percentage 9.87e+01%, Time 1.08e+04s, Time 7.20e+03s, Time 9.00e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804120

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20190506448092
Title:Diurnal Variation of Dicarboxylic Acids and Related SOA in PM<inf>2.5</inf> from Heze City in Winter
Authors:Meng, Jing-Jing (1, 2); Liu, Xiao-Di (1); Hou, Zhan-Fang (1, 2); Li, Jing (1); Wei, Ben-Jie (1); Xing, Ji-Zhao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng; 252000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an; 710061, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4876-4884
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To identify the diurnal variation and formation mechanism of dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in PM<inf>2.5</inf> from Heze City, PM<inf>2.5</inf> samples were collected in the winter (December) of 2017, which were subsequently analyzed for dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, &alpha;-dicarbonyls, and levoglucosan (Levo). The results showed that the total concentrations of dicarboxylic and ketocarboxylic acids were higher during daytime than those during nighttime. In contrast to the diurnal variation of dicarboxylic and ketocarboxylic acids, the total concentrations of &alpha;-dicarbonyls exhibited higher concentrations in nighttime than in daytime. Because &alpha;-dicarbonyls are the major precursors of dicarboxylic acids, the opposing patterns suggest that the photochemical oxidation in daytime is stronger than that in nighttime. Oxalic acid (C<inf>2</inf>) is the dominant species during both day-and nighttime, followed by phahalic acid (Ph), succinic acid (C<inf>4</inf>), and malonic acid (C<inf>3</inf>), which is consistent with that in other urban regions. The mass ratios of C<inf>3</inf>/C<inf>4</inf> (R<sup>2</sup>&gt;0.7) correlated strongly with temperature, indicating that organic compounds in the atmosphere of Heze City are mainly derived from the photochemical oxidation of local emissions rather than long-range transport in winter. C<inf>2</inf> correlated with in-situ pH and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, suggesting that aqueous-phase oxidation was the major formation pathway of C<inf>2</inf>, which is driven by acid-catalyzed oxidation. Since the major SOA (C<inf>2</inf>, glyoxal, and methyglyoxal, secondary organic aerosol) correlated with Levo and the average mass rations of K<sup>+</sup>/organic carbon was 0.06 (ranging from 0.03 to 0.13), it can be concluded that the dicarboxylic acids and related SOA and K<sup>+</sup> in Heze City were significantly influenced by biomass burning in winter.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Oxalic acid
Controlled terms:Oxidation
Uncontrolled terms:Aqueous formation - Dicarboxylic acid - Diurnal variation - Heze City - PM2.5
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804042

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20190506448138
Title:Patterns of Mortality from Air Pollutant Emissions in China's Coal-fired Power Plants
Authors:Qin, Yu (1); Zhang, Qiang (2); Li, Xin (2); Zhao, Hong-Yan (2); Tong, Dan (2); Zheng, Yi-Xuan (2); Geng, Guan-Nan (1); He, Ke-Bin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Qiang(qiangzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5289-5295
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on the high-resolution coal-fired power plant emission database, GEOS-Chem Adjoint, a global-regional nested atmospheric chemistry model and its adjoint were applied to analyze PM<inf>2.5</inf>-related premature deaths caused by the power sector in six grid regions of China due to air pollutant emissions and subsequent pollution. The results show that power sector-related PM<inf>2.5</inf> pollution caused 106 000 (95% CI: 68000-132000) premature deaths in 2010, accounting for 9.8% of China's anthropogenic PM<inf>2.5</inf>-related premature deaths. The health loss intensity (defined as number of premature deaths caused by a unit of power generation) of small and old units is significantly higher than that of large and new units: units with a capacity below 100 MW reach 62 people&bull;(TW&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, 2.8 times that of units with a capacity above 600 MW. Similarly, the health loss intensity of units older than thirty years is 58 people&bull;(TW&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, 2.1 times that of new units. From the perspective of regional grids, the health impact index of Central China is relatively large, reaching 77 people&bull;(TW&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>. Further analysis reveals that transregional power transmission led to a net increase of 680 premature deaths compared with the scenario without transmission in 2010. Our study implies that China should accelerate the pace of phasing out small and old units and optimize the power transmission distribution between grid regions to reduce the overall level of pollution and health losses.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Electric power system interconnection
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Atmospheric chemistry - Chemical analysis - Coal - Coal fueled furnaces - Electric power transmission networks - Fossil fuel power plants - Health - Mining - Power transmission
Uncontrolled terms:Adjoint models - Coal-fired power plant - High resolution - Premature death - Regional grids
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 502.1  Mine and Quarry Operations - 524  Solid Fuels - 602.2  Mechanical Transmissions - 706.1  Electric Power Systems - 706.1.1  Electric Power Transmission
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.80e+00%, Power 1.00e+08W, Power 6.00e+08W
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804157

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20190506448115
Title:Lab-scale SNAD Process in Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors:Li, Dong (1); Cui, Ya-Qian (1); Zhao, Shi-Xun (1); Liu, Zhi-Cheng (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5074-5080
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Outside the municipal waste water treatment plant(WWTP) which located in Mentougou District, Beijing, the effluent of the anoxic/oxic(A/O) phosphorus removal process served as the substrate to operate a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite(CANON) filter reactor.. After the reactor was successfully activated, glucose was added to the influent as the organic carbon source. The simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX), and denitrification (SNAD) process was started to study the effect of SNAD filter on sewage treatment. The results showed that from 119 d to 128 d, the ammonia removal rate of the CANON process was more than 95%, and the maximum total nitrogen concentration in the effluent was 13.0 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Total nitrogen concentration surpassed the 1A level of the Integrated Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants applied in Beijing City. The SNAD process was started by adding glucose to the influent at 129 d. The total nitrogen removal rate of this process was about 85% at 133-187 d, and the total nitrogen concentration in the effluent was 5.5-7.3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The filter plugged up at 195 d, and backwash was utilized at 196 d. During the subsequent 30 d, the total nitrogen removal rate of the reactor was greater than 85%, and the total nitrogen concentration in the effluent remained at 6.2-7.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Compared with the CANON process, the SNAD process improved the total nitrogen removal rate and reduced the total nitrogen concentration of the effluent by 6 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The ammonia and total nitrogen concentrations in effluent satisfied the 1A level of the Integrated Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Anoxic water - Denitrification - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Filtration - Glucose - Nitrification - Organic carbon - Passive filters  - Sewage - Sewage treatment - Wastewater treatment - Water pollution - Water treatment - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - ANAMMOX - Autotrophic nitrogen removal - Bio membranes - Filter - Municipal wastewater treatment plants - Total nitrogen removal - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 703.2  Electric Filters - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Electric_Current 1.00e+00A, Mass_Density 1.30e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.50e-03kg/m3 to 7.30e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 6.20e-03kg/m3 to 7.20e-03kg/m3, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805005

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20190506448148
Title:Dynamics and Runoff Losses of Nitrogen in Paddy Field Surface Water Under Combined Application of Biochar and Slow/Controlled-Release Fertilizer
Authors:Si, Lin-Lin (1, 2, 3); Zhou, Jing-Jie (1, 2, 3); Wu, Liang-Huan (1, 2, 3); Hu, Zhao-Ping (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Linyi; 276000, China; (3) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Liang-Huan(finm@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5383-5390
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of four fertilization treatments, that is, controlled-release fertilizer (CRF), biochar combined with controlled-release fertilizer (BC+ CRF), biochar combined with stabilized fertilizer (BC+ SF), and biochar combined with controlled-release fertilizer and stabilized fertilizer (BC+ CRF+ SF), on the dynamics of the pH and nitrogen mass concentration and runoff losses of nitrogen in paddy field surface water in the Taihu Lake Basin. The results show that the average pH of the surface water decreases by 3.16%-4.48% for BC+ CRF+ SF and is in the range of 5.64-8.15. The average total nitrogen (TN) mass concentration of surface water ranges from 19.05 to 25.23 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. A significant decrease of 4.75%-6.58% in the TN mass concentration of surface water was observed for BC+ CRF+ SF. The average ammonium (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) and nitrate (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) mass concentration of the surface water vary from 0.01-17.26 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and from 0.24-3.11 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Inorganic nitrogen is dominated by NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N in surface water. Compared with individual CRF, other treatments significantly reduce the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N mass concentration of surface water by 35.89%-48.78% and the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N mass concentration of surface water by 20.54%-37.01%. The BC+ SF combination shows a significant reduction in the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N mass concentration of the surface water, which greatly lowers the risk of inorganic nitrogen loss via runoff. The runoff losses of TN, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N are in the range of 16.24-18.09, 1.76-2.22 and 0.76-1.38 kg&bull;hm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. Compared with the individual CRF, the runoff loss of TN, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N of other treatments is reduced. The BC+ CRF+ SF combination shows a significant reduction in the runoff losses of nitrogen, which greatly lowers the risk of nitrogen nonpoint source pollution from paddy fields.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms:Nitrogen - River pollution - Runoff
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Controlled-release fertilizers - Field experiment - Inorganic nitrogen - Mass concentration - Non-point source pollution - Paddy fields - Taihu Lake basin
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 453  Water Pollution - 804  Chemical Products Generally
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-05kg/m3 to 1.73e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.91e-02kg/m3 to 2.52e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.40e-04kg/m3 to 3.11e-03kg/m3, Percentage 2.05e+01% to 3.70e+01%, Percentage 3.16e+00% to 4.48e+00%, Percentage 3.59e+01% to 4.88e+01%, Percentage 4.75e+00% to 6.58e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803182

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20190506448108
Title:Impacts of Vegetation on Hydrological Performances of Green Roofs Under Different Rainfall Conditions
Authors:Ge, De (1); Zhang, Shou-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Shou-Hong(zhangs@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5015-5023
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Vegetation is an important component of green roofs and may affect their hydrological performance through the processes of rainwater interception and evapotranspiration. Based on the rainfall-runoff observations of green roofs with four types of vegetation covers (Portulaca grandiflora, Sedum lineare, Festuca elata, and bare substrate) located in Beijing during 26 rainfall events from April to October 2017, the impacts of vegetation cover on the hydrological performance of green roofs were investigated using runoff and peak discharge reduction rates and time-delay of runoff generation and peak discharge as indices. For the 12 green roofs, there was a significantly negative correlation (P&lt;0.01) between runoff reduction rate and rainfall event volume. For low rainfall (&lt;10 mm), the runoff reduction rates of all the green roofs were equal or close to 100%. When the rainfall volume increased to about 30 mm, the runoff reduction rates dropped to below 70%. For the heaviest rainfall event during the observation period (81.4 mm), the runoff reduction rates of all the green roofs were less than 55%. The impacts of vegetation on the hydrological performance of green roofs changed with rainfall conditions. The differences between runoff reduction rates of green roofs with different types of vegetation cover were largest for the heavy rainfall events. For the moderate rainstorm events, the differences were slightly lower. For light rainfall events, however, no significant differences were observed among the runoff reduction rates of green roofs with different types of vegetation cover, as little runoff was generated. Vegetation cover could enhance the hydrological performance of green roofs, as the runoff and peak discharge reduction rates and time-delay of runoff generation and peak discharge of green roofs covered with vegetation were all better than those of the bare substrate for all the groups of rainfall events except the light rainfall. Vegetation-covered green roofs with P. grandiflora performed the best, as the average height and aboveground biomass per unit area of P. grandiflora were the largest.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Roofs
Controlled terms:Rain - Runoff - Storms - Time delay - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Above ground biomass - Green roof - Negative correlation - Observation Period - Peak discharge - Rainfall condition - Runoff generation - Runoff reduction
Classification code:442.1  Flood Control - 443.3  Precipitation - 713  Electronic Circuits
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 5.50e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Size 3.00e-02m, Size 8.14e-02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801069

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20190506448106
Title:Effect of Different Multi-pond Network Landscape Structures on Nitrogen Retention Over Agricultural Watersheds
Authors:Li, Yu-Feng (1); Liu, Hong-Yu (1); Liu, Jun-Zhi (2); Lou, Cai-Rong (2); Wang, Juan (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4999-5006
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nitrogen (N) loss from agricultural fields can cause eutrophication in downstream freshwater systems, but the use of multi-pond networks can mitigate N losses from agricultural runoff. This study presents an analysis of the relationships between N retention and land use before and after rainfall events with the goal of identifying differences in agricultural runoff in four sub-watersheds with 3, 3, 7, and 7 ponds, respectively. The total N concentrations before rainfall ranged from 1.32 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 6.32 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and total N (TN) levels in the ponds after rainfall varied from 2.8 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> to 16.99 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and typically contained 20%-74% nitrate (NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N). The mean concentration retention efficiencies in the four sub-watersheds for TN, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and ammonium (NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N) were 50.09%, 48.71%, and 52.75%, respectively. The N retention efficiency in sub-watershed 1 (3 ponds) was the lowest among the four sub-watersheds. The N retention mass in sub-watershed 2 (3 ponds) was only 56.10 kg, and this value was far lower than that of sub-watershed 4 (324.43 kg, 7 ponds). The number of ponds in the sub-watersheds was not the only factor that contributed to the effective retention of non-point source N in-situ, but pond area and ditch density also significantly affected N retention. Thus, pond area and ditch density should be increased for similar multi-pond areas. However, managing multi-ponds to maximize N retention requires dynamic monitoring and management over the long term.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Agricultural runoff
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Efficiency - Eutrophication - Lakes - Land use - Nitrogen - Ponds - Rain - Water pollution - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural watersheds - Landscape structures - Nitrogen retention - Non-point source pollution - Pond systems
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 443.3  Precipitation - 444.1  Surface Water - 453  Water Pollution - 453.1  Water Pollution Sources - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass 3.24e+02kg, Mass 5.61e+01kg, Mass_Density 1.32e-03kg/m3 to 6.32e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.80e-03kg/m3 to 1.70e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.00e+01% to 7.40e+01%, Percentage 4.87e+01%, Percentage 5.01e+01%, Percentage 5.28e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803187

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20190506448162
Title:Effects of Manganese on the Growth and Fluorescence Induction Kinetics of Conticribra weissflogii
Authors:Wang, Mu-Lan (1, 2); Jiang, Yue-Lu (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen; 518055, China 
Corresponding author:Jiang, Yue-Lu(jiang.yuelu@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5514-5522
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The manganese (Mn<inf>4</inf>) cluster, as a part of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in the photosystem&#8545; (PS &#8545;) of microalgae and plants, assists in the electrolysis of water to oxygen, protons, and electrons. To examine the relationships among manganese (Mn) concentrations in the culture medium, algae growth, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, we exposed the diatom Conticribra weissflogii to a broad range of Mn concentrations from 0 to 9 000 nmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction dynamics analysis, an effective way to investigate photosynthetic characteristics, can be used as indicator of the photosynthetic apparatus of photosynthesizers under different stressors. Here, we studied the effects of Mn exposure on C. weissflogii using this fluorescence analysis method. The results show that the growth of C. weissflogii is independent of the Mn exposure at concentrations below 9 000 nmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. Moreover, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of C. weissflogii respond to exposed Mn concentrations, whereby the strongest induction occurred at 90 nmol&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> Mn and the responses are enhanced over time. Although Mn in culture media may not be a major limiting factor of the growth of C. weissflogii, it significantly enhances the photosynthesis of C. weissflogii via two ways. First, Mn improves the integrity of the OEC structure and electron transfer from OEC to Tyr on the donor side of PS &#8545;; second, Mn also enhances the energy transfer and electron transport after reaching the primary quinone acceptor (Q<inf>A</inf>) on the acceptor side of PS &#8545;. Energy transfer-related fluorescence parameters are positively correlated with the level of ROS in C. weissflogii, indicating that Mn plays an important role in both photosynthesis processes and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Manganese
Controlled terms:Algae - Chlorophyll - Electron transport properties - Energy transfer - Fluorescence - Growth (materials) - Growth kinetics - Photosynthesis - Quinone
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll fluorescence - Chlorophyll fluorescence induction - Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters - Conticribra weissflogii - Oxygen-evolving complexes - Photosynthetic apparatus - Photosynthetic characteristics - Reactive oxygen species
Classification code:543.2  Manganese and Alloys - 741.1  Light/Optics - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Molar_Concentration 0.00e+00mol/m3 to 9.00e-03mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 9.00e-03mol/m3 to 2.20e-02mol/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804001

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20190506448132
Title:CH<inf>4</inf> Emissions Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors in an Eutrophic Lake
Authors:Shang, Dong-Yao (1); Xiao, Qi-Tao (2); Hu, Zheng-Hua (1); Xie, Yan-Hong (3); Huang, Wen-Jing (3); Zhang, Mi (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Science, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology, Nanjing; 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Qi-Tao(qtxiao@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5227-5236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to identify methane (CH<inf>4</inf>) diffusion emissions characteristics and their impact factors in an eutrophic lake, CH<inf>4</inf> flux across the lake-air interface was observed in Meiliang Bay and the central zone of Lake Taihu over one year. The relationships between CH<inf>4</inf> flux and environmental factors and water quality indices were analyzed. The results indicated that the annual mean CH<inf>4</inf> diffusion flux in the eutrophic zone was significantly higher than that in the central zone, which were 0.140 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.024 mmol&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Additionally, the highest CH<inf>4</inf> flux appeared in the eutrophic littoral zone. The CH<inf>4</inf> flux varied seasonally, which was consistent with water temperature that peaked in summer. Furthermore, the difference in CH<inf>4</inf> flux between seasons was an order of magnitude. The temporal variation in CH<inf>4</inf> flux was mostly driven by wind speed and water temperature. The spatial correlation between CH<inf>4</inf> flux and dissolved organic carbon concentration was highly significant (R<sup>2</sup>=0.62, P&lt;0.01). Observing temporal and spatial patterns of CH<inf>4</inf> flux was necessary to accurately estimate whole-lake CH<inf>4</inf> emissions due to large variability across time and space.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:50
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Diffusion - Eutrophication - Organic carbon - Temperature - Water quality - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Diffusion fluxes - Eutrophic lakes - Influencing factors - Spatial variations - Temporal variation
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 445.2  Water Analysis - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.1  Organic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803128

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20190506448137
Title:Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Antibiotic Removal in Sewage Biological Treatment
Authors:Zhang, Xiang-Yu (1); Li, Ru-Ying (1); Ji, Min (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300350, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Ru-Ying(liruying@tju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5276-5288
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Antibiotic pollution in the environment is becoming increasingly serious, and the induced antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health. A literature review of the antibiotic concentration in the influent and effluent of many sewage treatment plants around the world has shown that current sewage treatment processes do not effectively remove antibiotics. Studies have shown that adsorption and biodegradation are the main ways of removing antibiotics from sewage. The mechanisms of adsorption and the different adsorption extents of diverse antibiotics were analyzed in this paper. Biodegradation of antibiotics in a biological sewage treatment process were analyzed in terms of biodegradability, degrading bacteria, and degradation products. The effects of the operation conditions of biological sewage treatment processes, such as hydraulic retention time, sludge retention time, temperature, and process selection (conventional activated sludge, membrane bioreactor, or biological nitrogen removal processes), on adsorption and biodegradation pathways as well as on the removal efficiency of antibiotics are also discussed. The effects of bacterial composition, growth substrate, and coexisting micro-pollutants on the fate of antibiotics in biological wastewater treatment require more in-depth research.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:98
Main heading:Biological sewage treatment
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Adsorption - Antibiotics - Bacteria - Biodegradability - Biodegradation - Biological water treatment - Bioreactors - Bioremediation - Degradation  - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Health risks - Nitrogen removal - Sewage treatment plants - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Antibiotic concentration - Biodegradation pathways - Biological nitrogen removal process - Biological waste water treatment - Conventional activated sludges - Hydraulic retention time - Sewage treatment process - Sludge retention time
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461  Bioengineering and Biology - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802  Chemical Apparatus and Plants; Unit Operations; Unit Processes
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803190

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20190506448088
Title:Emissions Inventory and Characteristics of NO<inf>x</inf> from Cement Industry
Authors:Jiang, Chun-Lai (1); Song, Xiao-Hui (1); Zhong, Yue-Zhi (1); Sun, Ya-Mei (1); Lei, Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Total Emission Control and Emission Trading, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Lei, Yu(leiyu@caep.org.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4841-4848
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Activity data and technical information of cement production lines in China from 2011 to 2015 were collected. A NO<inf>x</inf> emissions calculating model and emissions database were developed for the cement industry, and the NO<inf>x</inf> emissions characteristics of cement production lines in China from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed. The results showed that NO<inf>x</inf> emissions increased from 1.69 million tons in 2010 to 1.99 million tons in 2012, and then decreased in the subsequent three years to 1.68 million tons in 2015. The provincial-level emissions are significantly uneven. Anhui, Sichuan, Henan, Hunan, Yunnan, and Shandong provinces rank among the top six contributors in the country and together accounted for about 40% of the national emissions in 2015. Shanghai, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Hunan, Yunnan, and Sichuan were the top seven by emissions factor. Lines with capacity of more than 4 000 t&bull;d<sup>-1</sup> contributed the largest part of NO<inf>x</inf> emissions. The average NO<inf>x</inf> emissions factor of more than 4 000 t&bull;d<sup>-1</sup> lines was 1.24 kg&bull;t<sup>-1</sup>. The rapid spread of pre-calcining kilns in China and a higher pollution abatement level were the main factors leading to variations in NO<inf>x</inf> pollution characteristics in China.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Nitrogen oxides
Controlled terms:Brickmaking - Calcination - Cement industry - Cements - Kilns - Pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Calculating model - Cement production lines - Emissions characteristics - Emissions factors - Emissions inventory - Pollution abatement - Shandong province - Technical information
Classification code:412.1  Cement - 414.1  Brickmaking - 642.2  Industrial Furnaces and Components - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Flow_Rate 4.20e+01kg/s, Percentage 4.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802141

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20190506448101
Title:Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Denitrification and Functional Gene Abundances of Sediment in Dagu River Estuary and Northwest of Jiaozhou Bay
Authors:Bai, Jie (1, 2); Tian, Yan-Zhao (1); Sun, Peng-Fei (1); Bai, Xiao-Yan (3); Li, Kui-Ran (3); Zhao, Yang-Guo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao; 266100, China; (3) College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao; 266003, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Kui-Ran(likr@ouc.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4956-4963
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The influence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the denitrification performance, enzyme activity, and functional gene relative abundances of sediment was investigated based on the methods of laboratory simulation incubation in the Dagu River estuary and bay area in the northwest of Jiaozhou Bay. The different dosages of AgNPs (i.e., 0, 135, and 1 350 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in final concentration) was added to the incubation system containing surface sediments and in-situ bottom water. During six days' incubation, the concentrations of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reductases activity, and relative abundances of narG and nirS genes were measured to explore the effects of AgNPs on denitrification and its mechanism. The results showed that AgNPs significantly inhibited NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reductive capacity, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reductase activity, and narG and nirS gene relative abundances, which led to aggravated accumulation of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>. The inhibition of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reductase was significantly greater than that of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> reductase, and the inhibition of the nirS gene was significantly higher than that of the narG gene. The inhibition of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> reduction was mainly ascribed to the inhibition of functional genes, but the inhibition of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reduction was mainly due to the inhibition of reductase activity. The inhibition of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> reductive capacity, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> reductase activity, and narG and nirS gene relative abundances in the northwest of Jiaozhou Bay was significantly higher than that in the Dagu River estuary.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Genes
Controlled terms:Denitrification - Enzyme activity - Estuaries - Metal nanoparticles - Nanometals - Nitrogen oxides - Rivers - Sediments - Silver nanoparticles
Uncontrolled terms:Effect of silvers - Functional genes - Jiaozhou Bay - Laboratory simulation - Reductase activity - Relative abundance - Silver nanoparticles (AgNps) - Surface sediments
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9  Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 761  Nanotechnology - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.35e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803002

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20190506448184
Title:Degradation of Pentachlorophenol by Fulvic Acid in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
Authors:Liu, Si-Jia (1, 2, 3); He, Xiao-Song (2, 3); Zhang, Hui (2, 3); Zu, Guo-Feng (4); Xi, Bei-Dou (1, 2, 3); Li, Dan (2, 3); Dang, Qiu-Ling (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541006, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (4) Zhongguancun Central Groundwater Pollution Control and Restoration Industry Alliance, Beijing; 100012, China 
Corresponding author:Dang, Qiu-Ling(dangling819@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5699-5707
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The structural composition and functional group changes in fulvic acid (FA) at various landfills were studied using ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. The electron transfer ability of FA and its ability to degrade pentachlorophenol (PCP) were also studied considering the various landfills. The results showed that the use of MR-1 as an electron donor and the simultaneous addition of fulvic acid in different stages as an electron shuttle can significantly increase the degradation rate of PCP, leading it beyond 80%. Due to the different redox properties of fulvic acid at the different landfill stages, the degradation of PCP has different reduction conversion abilities. Landfill fulvic acid is able to reduce and transform PCP because of its electron transfer ability. These functions are all conducive to promoting PCP reductive dechlorination.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Municipal solid waste
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Dechlorination - Degradation - Electron transitions - Herbicides - Infrared spectroscopy - Land fill - Organic acids - Phenols
Uncontrolled terms:Different stages - Electron shuttle - Electron transfer - Fulvic acids - Municipal solid waste landfills - Pentachlorophenol (PCP) - Reductive dechlorination - Structural composition
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804020

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20190506448157
Title:Migration and Transformation of Mercury at Sediment-Water Interface of the Dahong Lake Reservoir in the Simian Mountains
Authors:Guo, Pan (1); Sun, Tao (1); Yang, Guang (1); Ma, Ming (1, 2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 400716, China; (3) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Ma, Ming(maming8312@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5473-5479
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The mercury production in forest ecosystems can be characterized by dynamic changes in forest lakes or reservoirs. Moreover, changes in the downstream mercury concentrations can also reflect the mercury output from forest ecosystems. Based on the analysis of distribution patterns and sediment profiles of mercury in DH1, DH2, DH3, and DH4 during the wet and dry seasons in the Dahong Lake Reservoir, the total mercury concentration of the Dahong Lake Reservoir increases significantly during the wet season (the average of the wet season is 4.33 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, the average of the dry season is 1.85 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>), especially in the downstream. The content of total mercury and methylmercury in the water column of the Dahong Lake Reservoir is significantly higher than that of background lake levels, but it is much lower than that of contaminated lakes, indicating that evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Simian Mountains has characteristics of Hg sources and the sediments are also sources of methylmercury and inorganic mercury in the water column of the Dahong Lake Reservoir. The methylation process mainly occurs in the surface layer of sediments and the methylation process is more active during the wet season. During the wet season, it is more favorable for mercury and methylmercury to enter the sediment liquid phase from the sediment solid phase and thus the water column.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Lake pollution
Controlled terms:Alkylation - Drought - Ecosystems - Forestry - Lakes - Mercury (metal) - Mercury compounds - Methylation - Phase interfaces - Reservoirs (water)  - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution patterns - Dry seasons - Evergreen broad-leaved forests - Mercury concentrations - Mercury production - Sediment water interface - Wet and dry seasons - Wet season
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.85e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.33e-09kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804067

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20190506448178
Title:Relationship Between the Bacterial Abundance and Production with Environmental Factors in a Subtropical Karst Reservoir
Authors:Xin, Sheng-Lin (1, 2); Liang, Yue-Ming (2, 3); Peng, Wen-Jie (1, 2); Song, Ang (2, 3); Jin, Zhen-Jiang (1); Zhu, Mei-Na (2, 3); Li, Qiang (2, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin; 541006, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (3) International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Liang, Yue-Ming(lym@karst.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5647-5656
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the increasing scarcity of water resources and eutrophication of water have become more serious. Reservoirs that are far from big cities have become important sources of drinking water and were targets of research and protection. Therefore, the abundance and production of bacteria and their correlations with environmental factors were investigated in the Dalongdong Reservoir, Shanglin County, Guangxi Province, using Quantitative Real-time PCR technology and the <sup>14</sup>C tracer technique. The Dalongdong Reservoir is a typical subtropical karst reservoir. The bacterial abundance of the surface water decreased from the upstream to the downstream along the water flow direction and then increases. The vertical distribution of the bacterial abundance at each sampling site shows a similar trend; it is the highest in the surface water and the lowest on the bottom. The correlation analysis results show that the temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen (DO), and other environmental factors significantly correlate with the bacterial abundance, indicating that these parameters are the main factors limiting the bacterial abundance in this region. The bacterial production is positively correlated with the pH, DOC, and permanganate index; negatively correlated with the conductivity and DIC; and significantly positively correlated with DO. The principal component analyses (PCA) shows that the environmental factors affecting the bacterial abundance and bacterial production can be grouped into two PCAs. PCA1 includes the temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, DIC, DO, chlorophyll-a, DOC, and permanganate index and PCA2 includes TN and TP. The bacterial abundance and production in the Dalongdong Reservoir are affected by various environmental factors and photosynthetic bacteria are the important contributors to the production of organic carbon.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:60
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biochemical oxygen demand - Chlorophyll - Dissolved oxygen - Electric conductivity - Environmental technology - Eutrophication - Factor analysis - Flow of water - Landforms  - Organic carbon - Polymerase chain reaction - Potable water - Principal component analysis - River pollution - Rivers - Tropics
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial abundance - Bacterial production - Dissolved organic carbon - Electrical conductivity - Environmental factors - Karst reservoirs - Photosynthetic bacterias - Quantitative real time PCR
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 443  Meteorology - 444  Water Resources - 453  Water Pollution - 454  Environmental Engineering - 481.1  Geology - 631.1.1  Liquid Dynamics - 701.1  Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.2  Biochemistry - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804227

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20190506448099
Title:Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen-Transforming and Phosphorus-Accumulating Bacteria Along with the Formation of Cyanobacterial Blooms
Authors:Peng, Yu-Ke (1); Lu, Jun-Ling (1); Chen, Hui-Ping (1); Xiao, Lin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, Lin(xiaolin@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4938-4945
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In order to reveal the dynamic changes of nitrogen-transforming and phosphorus-accumulating bacteria in the process of cyanobacterial bloom formation, bacterial community structure and functional genes associated with nitrogen cycling were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity of bacterial communities decreased during cyanobacterial blooms, and the lacustrine free-living and bloom-attached bacterial communities varied with increased bloom density. With increasing density of cyanobacteria, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased, whereas that of Firmicutes increased. Moreover, the growth of phosphate-accumulating organisms was increased in the phycosphere of cyanobacterial blooms, while that of nitrifiers was inhibited. Denitrifiers increased significantly under moderate blooms. The qPCR data also revealed that the abundance of nitrification and denitrification genes decreased or disappeared with the development of cyanobacterial blooms, indicating that the nitrogen transformation process might be inhibited, which showed a positive feedback of bacterial community to the development of Microcystis blooms by satisfying the needs of the nutrients budget.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Budget control - Denitrification - Genes - Metadata - Nitrification - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Polymerase chain reaction - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Bacterial community structure - Cyanobacterial blooms - Denitrifiers - Nitrifiers - Phosphate-accumulating organisms
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801195

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20190506448173
Title:Granular Characteristics of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Sludge During the Recovery Process
Authors:Chen, Fang-Min (1, 2); Gu, Cheng-Wei (1, 2); Hu, Yu-Ting (1, 2); Huang, Yong (1, 2); Li, Xiang (1, 2); Lu, Ming-Yu (1, 2); Fang, Wen-Ye (1, 2); Jin, Run (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Yong(yhuang_sz@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5605-5611
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Operation instability has become one of the factors restricting the application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) process. Under the condition that the substrate is not suppressed, the effects of the substrate concentration on the granulation and activity of ANAMMOX granular sludge in the recovery process were studied by restoring the activity of ANAMMOX sludge, which was derived from early-stage operation instability of the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The results show that the activity of ANAMMOX sludge was recovered and the denitrification capacity increased significantly after 126 days of operation. When the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations were 450 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 560 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, the nitrogen removal was achieved in both the high-and low-substrate concentration reactors and the maximum NRR was 16.97 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and 14.43 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. With the improvement of the nitrogen removal capacity of the reactor (the granular diameter of the sludge is increased), the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content increased in both reactors from 34.45 to 77.52 and to 94.18 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and the PN/PS increased from 1.89 to 6.25 and 6.84, respectively. To a certain extent, the increase of PN/PS is conducive to the granulation of ANAMMOX sludge, but a too large PN/PS would lead to the instability of granular sludge and sludge loss.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Granular materials - Granulation - Oxidation - Polymers - Recovery - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia oxidation - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Continuous stirred tank reactor - Denitrification capacity - Extracellular polymeric substances - Granular characteristics - Recovery process - Substrate concentrations
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 815.1  Polymeric Materials - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.45e-01yr, Mass_Density 4.50e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.60e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805217

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20190506448143
Title:Source Profiles and Chemical Reactivity of Volatile Organic Compounds from Surface Coating of Aluminum Products in Foshan, China
Authors:Li, Xia (1); Su, Wei-Jian (1); Li, Bi-Xia (1); Long, Miao (1); Li, Li-Li (2); Zhang, Zhou (3); Yu, Yue-Gang (4); Wang, Yun-Peng (2); Wang, Xin-Ming (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Environmental Technological Center of Nanhai District in Foshan City, Foshan; 528200, China; (2) Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou; 510640, China; (3) Changsha Center for Mineral Resources Exploration, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410013, China; (4) Hunan Chengyuan Testing Co., Ltd., Changsha; 410013, China 
Corresponding author:Su, Wei-Jian(93883018@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5334-5343
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) samples were collected and analyzed for the surface coating processes of aluminum products in Foshan. The concentration levels of VOCs from solvent-based coating (63.90-149.67 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>) are much higher than that from water-based, electrophoretic, and powder coating (2.99-21.93 mg&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>). With respect to the VOC composition, aromatics are the main VOC group of solvent-based coating emission, ranging from 52.32%-71.55%. Typical species include toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and ethyl acetate. The VOCs emitted from water-based coating are mainly oxygenated VOCs, such as ethyl acetate (48.59%) and tetrahydrofuran (8.43%), while the percentage of aromatics (11.32%) is lower than that of solvent-based coating. Isopropanol is the most abundant species of electrophoretic coating emissions, accounting for up to 81.19% of the VOCs. The major VOC compounds of powder coating processes are acetone (30.25%), propane (15.48%), ethylene (12.15%), ethane (9.35%), and n-butane (5.16%). The calculation of the ozone formation potential (OFP) shows that the solvent-based coating has the highest OFP (3.89 g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>), followed by powder coating (2.53 g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>), while water-based and electrophoretic coating have lower OFPs (1.31 and 0.85 g&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). The most important contributor to OFP of solvent-based coating are aromatics, especially C<inf>7</inf>-C<inf>10</inf> aromatics. The major contributors of water-based coating are ethyl acetate, m/p-xylenes, and toluene, with contributions of 23.24%, 21.76%, and 17.07%, respectively. The key reactive components of powder coating are ethylene, propene, and 1-butene; the sum of alkenes accounts for 71.11% of the OFP. With respect to the contribution of VOCs emitted from electrophoretic coating to the OFP, the percentage of isopropanol (65.08%) is significantly larger than that of other species (&lt;6%).<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Aluminum coatings
Controlled terms:Acetone - Aromatization - Electrophoretic coatings - Ethylene - Gas chromatography - Organic solvents - Ozone - Powder coatings - Toluene - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Aluminum product - Concentration levels - Ozone formation potentials - Reactive components - Solvent-based coatings - Source profiles - Surface coatings - Water-based coating
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 813.2  Coating Materials
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.13e+01%, Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 1.71e+01%, Percentage 2.18e+01%, Percentage 2.32e+01%, Percentage 3.02e+01%, Percentage 4.86e+01%, Percentage 5.16e+00%, Percentage 5.23e+01% to 7.15e+01%, Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 7.11e+01%, Percentage 8.12e+01%, Percentage 8.43e+00%, Percentage 9.35e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803224

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20190506448183
Title:Relationship Between the Vegetation Community and Soil Nutrient and Enzyme Activity During the Restoration of Abandoned Land in the Loess Hilly Region
Authors:Qiao, Wen-Jing (1, 2); Dai, Yin-Yue (1, 2); Zhang, Wei (1, 2); Fu, Shu-Yue (1, 2); Yang, Gai-He (1, 2); Han, Xin-Hui (1, 2); Chen, Zheng-Xing (1, 2); Gao, De-Xin (1, 2); Feng, Yong-Zhong (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Gai-He(ygh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5687-5698
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The trends of and relationships among the plant community, soil nutrients, and four soil enzymes were investigated after being abandoned for 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45 years to reveal the soil properties during the restoration in the Loess Hilly Region. The results indicate the following ranking of dominant plant community species: Artemisia scoparia &rarr; Lespedeza dahurica+Artemisia sacrorum &rarr; Artemisia giraldii+irons Artemisia annua &rarr; Bothriochloa flaccidum+Artemisia selengensis. The ranking reflects an increase along the chronosequence of abandoned land. Moreover, the ratio of the total species of Compositae, Poaceae, and Leguminosae decreases from 66.67% to 50% and then increases up to 75%. The SOC, TN, TP, AN, AP, and four enzyme activity types (ALP, CAT, UE, and SC) increase but respond differently to restoration, while the stoichiometric ratio fluctuates. In contrast to the number of plant families, genus, species, and plant diversity, Compositae, Poaceae, and Leguminosae have major effects on the soil nutrient and enzyme activity, which explains the total variation of 72.8%, 69.1%, and 66.0%, respectively. The effects of these three families on the soil enzymes are greater than that on soil nutrients. Poaceae and Leguminosae have a positive effect on the nutrient and enzyme activity, while the family Compositae has a negative effect. Overall, the changes of dominant species of grassland communities during restoration significantly affect the soil enzyme and thereby are responsible for the soil nutrient dynamics.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:53
Main heading:Nutrients
Controlled terms:Enzyme activity - Restoration - Sediments - Soils - Stoichiometry - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Abandoned land - Artemisia scoparia - Dominant plant community - Dominant species - Loess hilly regions - Plant communities - Stoichiometric ratio - Vegetation community
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.4  Physical Chemistry
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 6.60e+01%, Percentage 6.67e+01% to 5.00e+01%, Percentage 6.91e+01%, Percentage 7.28e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802030

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20190506448182
Title:Effects of Varying Long-term Fertilization on Organic Carbon Mineralization and Priming Effect of Paddy Soil
Authors:Ma, Xin (1, 2); Wei, Liang (2); Tang, Mei-Ling (2, 3); Xu, Fu-Li (1, 4); Zhu, Zhen-Ke (2); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&amp;F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agriculture Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China; (3) College of Life Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (4) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, Fu-Li(xfl@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5680-5686
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted using the <sup>14</sup>C isotope labeling technique to study the characteristics of organic carbon mineralization and their response to glucose addition when treated with a combination of straw and chemical fertilizer (ST), inorganic fertilizer (NPK), and non-fertilization (CK). The cumulative mineralization rate (ratio of accumulated mineralization amount to total organic carbon content) in CK reaches 1.64% at the end of incubation (56 days). The cumulative mineralization rate during NPK and ST treatments is significantly lower than that in CK (by 0.34% and 0.39%, respectively). This indicates that long-term fertilization affects the soil carbon sequestration. Varying long-term fertilization influences the response of paddy soil to glucose addition and leads to different levels of the priming effect. The priming effect on soil organic carbon mineralization of the three treatments gradually changes from negative to positive with increasing incubation time. The significantly negative cumulative priming effect in ST and NPK after 56 d is 22.07 and 9.05 times higher than that in CK, respectively. The results of the structural equation model indicate that the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and DOC contents indirectly influence the cumulative priming effect on soil organic carbon by affecting the MBC and MBN contents. The NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N concentration has a direct and significant negative effect on the cumulative priming effect. In conclusion, long-term fertilization treatments reduce the cumulative organic carbon mineralization rate of paddy soil. Fertilizer, especially the combination of straw and chemical fertilizer, enhances the soil carbon sequestration and accumulation.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Fertilizers - Glucose - Isotopes - Mineralogy - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon mineralization - Isotope labeling - Long-term fertilization - Paddy soils - Priming effects
Classification code:482  Mineralogy - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.53e-01yr, Percentage 1.64e+00%, Percentage 3.40e-01%, Percentage 3.90e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805050

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20190506448171
Title:Effects of Different Substrate Concentrations on the Short-term Storage of ANAMMOX Bacteria
Authors:Gao, Xue-Jian (1); Zhang, Jie (1, 2); Li, Dong (1); Cao, Zheng-Mei (1); Guo, Yue-Zhou (1); Li, Shuai (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150090, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Dong(lidong2006@bjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5587-5595
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria were stored under NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N conditions (addition ratio 1:1) at a substrate concentration of 0, 60, and 120 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>at 15&#8451;&plusmn;1&#8451; for 15 days. The effect of different substrate concentrations on the short-term storage and recovery of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge was investigated. After a short period of storage, a recovery experiment was performed. The results show that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activities in the reactors 1, 2, and 3 decrease by 41.8%, 17.4%, and 33.4%, respectively. Because of the excessive endogenous respiration and high substrate concentration, the activities of the bacteria in reactors 1 and 3 were inhibited, respectively. Therefore, the activities decreased greatly. Because the substrate concentration was relatively suitable in reactor No. 2, excessive endogenous respiration and high substrate concentration inhibition were avoided such that the activity of the bacteria species was maintained at the substrate concentration. Endogenous respiration occurred during the storage period. Subsequently, the organic matter in the three reactors was consumed. As a result, the EPS content decreased by 50.9%, 41.7%, and 23.7% and the particle size decreased by 31.6%, 16.7%, and 8.2%, respectively. This shows that endogenous respiration is maintained by the bacteria in the matrix-deficient period and the higher concentration of the substrate can to some extent delay the endogenous respiration. During the recovery period, the three reactors recover the denitrification performances after 15, 10, and 7 d respectively. This shows that the denitrification performance of the system has a faster recovery through enhanced strain activities compared with the proliferation of the strain.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Recovery
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Denitrification - Nitrogen removal - Oxidation - Particle size - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Activity recovery - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Endogenous respiration - Short term storage - Substrate concentrations
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 4.11e-02yr, Percentage 1.67e+01%, Percentage 1.74e+01%, Percentage 2.37e+01%, Percentage 3.16e+01%, Percentage 3.34e+01%, Percentage 4.17e+01%, Percentage 4.18e+01%, Percentage 5.09e+01%, Percentage 8.20e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805107

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20190506448135
Title:Effects of Elevated Ozone on Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) Emission: A Review
Authors:Feng, Zhao-Zhong (1, 2); Yuan, Xiang-Yang (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5257-5265
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:With the global increase of tropospheric ozone (O<inf>3</inf>) and complex interactions between biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions and tropospheric O<inf>3</inf> concentrations, this review summarizes current research progress and future research prospects in terms of the effects of elevated O<inf>3</inf> on BVOCs emissions. The main progress included impacts of BVOCs categories, plant functional types, O<inf>3</inf> sensitivity of plants, the O<inf>3</inf> stress level on the response of BVOCs emissions to single O<inf>3</inf> stress, and the combined effects of elevated O<inf>3</inf> and temperature, carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>), drought, and nitrogen (N) deposition. Results indicated that most published results reported no change in BVOCs emissions in response to increasing O<inf>3</inf> concentration. Specifically, decreasing effects of O<inf>3</inf> on BVOCs emissions were more obvious in studies on isoprene and deciduous species, whereas studies on monoterpenes and evergreen plant species showed more results with an increasing trend as well as acute O<inf>3</inf> exposure experiments. There was an increased tendency of monoterpene emissions to the combined effects of O<inf>3</inf> and temperature or N deposition. However, the combined effects of O<inf>3</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> decreased isoprene emissions. Given that studies on the effects of O<inf>3</inf> on BVOCs emissions remain scarce, more complete experiments are needed that consider differences between short-term and long-term or individual-level and ecosystem-level. Furthermore, future research should strengthen the multi-factor interactive studies, particularly on O<inf>3</inf> and other global change components and biotic and abiotic stresses, to assess BVOCs emissions from terrestrial ecosystems in response to O<inf>3</inf> pollution both currently and in the future, which will provide valuable theoretical support to air pollution control.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:75
Main heading:Air pollution control
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Carbon dioxide - Deposition - Ecosystems - Forestry - Gas chromatography - Isoprene - Monoterpenes - Ozone - Troposphere  - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Biogenic volatile organic compounds - Biotic and abiotic stress - Combined stress - Monoterpene - Monoterpene emissions - Ozone concentration - Plant functional type - Terrestrial ecosystems
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 451  Air Pollution - 451.2  Air Pollution Control - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802075

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20190506448098
Title:Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Floating Algal Blooms in Lake Chaohu in 2016 and Their Environmental Drivers
Authors:Hu, Min-Qi (1, 2); Zhang, Yu-Chao (1); Ma, Rong-Hua (1); Zhang, Yi-Xuan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Yu-Chao(yczhang@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4925-4937
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Lake Chaohu has drawn increasing attention due to the occurrence of massive algal blooms. This study applied daily monitoring results from moderate-resolution imaging spectrum-radiometer (MODIS) satellite to extract algal blooms with a floating algal index algorithm and characterize surface floating algal bloom dynamics in 2016 with an algae pixel-growing algorithm. Combining water quality and meteorological data, environmental driving forces of algal blooms in 2016 were explored. The results showed that cyanobacterial blooms occurred throughout the lake from May to November, which is the same as in previous years. Compared with previous years, the initial bloom date was postponed to May, the duration was reduced to 204 days, and the average floating algal bloom area was reduced to 85.53 km<sup>2</sup>. By investigating the environmental driving forces affecting the algal bloom, it was found that a larger wind speed (&Delta;W=0.1 m&bull;s<sup>-1</sup>), more precipitation (&Delta;P=0.8 mm), and a lower sunshine duration (&Delta;S=-1.3 h) in spring were the main reasons. When the temperature was suitable, precipitation was the main driving force affecting the monthly variation in algal blooms. The daily average wind speed was also negatively correlated with the algal bloom area (P&lt;0.05). High wind speed can affect the area of algal blooms as well. These results will aid understanding of the situation of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Chaohu and provide a theoretical basis for dealing with algal blooming and climate change.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Climate change - Dynamics - Radiometers - Water quality - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Algal blooms - Cyanobacterial blooms - Lake Chaohu - Meteorological data - Meteorological factors - Moderate resolution - Monitoring results - Temporal dynamics
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 445.2  Water Analysis - 944.7  Radiation Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Age 5.59e-01yr, Area 8.55e+07m2
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801057

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20190506448117
Title:Suppression and Recovery Characteristics of Pilot-scale ANAMMOX-ASBR System Treating Desulfurization and Denitrification Tailings from Thermal Power Plant
Authors:Zhang, Jun (1); Yu, De-Shuang (1); Wang, Xiao-Xia (1); Tang, Jia-Jia (1); Zhao, Hong (2); Han, Chang-Min (2); Ying, Ling-Qiao (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (2) Wuhan Kaidi Electric Power Environmental Co.,Ltd., Wuhan; 430023, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Xia(elainewangxx@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5090-5100
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pilot-scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR, working volume 530 L), inoculated with oxygen-segmented sludge in an oxidation ditch process, was developed to investigate the start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) and its combination with denitrification for deep-level nitrogen removal from desulfurization and denitrification tailings of a thermal power plant. The results showed that, under conditions with a temperature of (35&plusmn;1)&#8451;and reaction time of 20 h, ANAMMOX was successfully started up after 180 days. During the stable operations phase, total nitrogen (TN) removal rate and removal efficiency reached 91.1% and 0.3 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. During the activity suppression stage of the ANAMMOX-ASBR treating real desulfurization and denitrification tailings, the recovery of its activity could be achieved in 93 days by removing inhibitory factors (Cl<sup>-</sup>concentration) and reducing the concentration of influent substrate. In addition, by gradually increasing the addition ratio of desulfurization and denitrification tails (30%, 70%, and 100%), the coupling of ANAMMOX and denitrification was achieved in the ASBR to ensure stable effluent TN removal rate and COD concentrations below 92% and 88.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The modified logistic model was more suitable for the NRR recovery process after ANAMMOX was impacted by desulfurization and denitrification tailings. The NRR recovery delay time &lambda; was 17.777 cycles, the and R<sup>2</sup> was 0.929 48.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Ammonia - Batch reactors - Chemical oxygen demand - Denitrification - Desulfurization - Effluents - Oxidation - Recovery - Sewage lagoons  - Thermoelectric power plants - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors - ANAMMOX - Desulfurization and denitrifications - Modified Logistic model - Recovery kinetics - Removal efficiencies - Thermal power plants
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 615.4  Thermoelectric Energy - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.55e-01yr, Age 4.93e-01yr, Mass_Density 8.85e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.11e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Time 7.20e+04s, Volume 5.30e-01m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804082

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20190506448093
Title:Chemical Source Profiles of PM Emitted from the Main Processes of the Iron and Steel Industry in China
Authors:Wen, Jie (1); Yang, Jia-Mei (1); Li, Pu (2); Yu, Jia (2); Wu, Jian-Hui (1); Tian, Ying-Ze (1); Zhang, Jin-Sheng (1); Shi, Guo-Liang (1); Feng, Yin-Chang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin; 300071, China; (2) Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, Wuhan; 430015, China 
Corresponding author:Wu, Jian-Hui(envwujh@nankai.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4885-4891
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Considering the lack of numbers and updates of particulate matter (PM) source profiles, which show PM emitted from the Chinese iron and steel industry, a dilution tunnel system was used to sample PM discharged from the three main processes (sintering, puddling, and steelmaking) of an iron and steel company in Wuhan, China. Six source profiles for fine and coarse PM were established, and their characteristics were researched. The main conclusions were as follows: &#9312; For the sintering source profiles, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, Al, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> were the dominant components, with mass fractions of 22.2%, 4.5%, and 3.5% in the PM<inf>2.5</inf> profile and 36.0%, 5.2%, and 2.7% in the PM<inf>10</inf> profile, respectively. Fe was abundant in puddling source profiles, the mass fractions of which reached 28.3% and 24.5% for PM<inf>2.5</inf> profile and PM<inf>10</inf> profile, respectively. As for steelmaking, the main components were Ca and Fe. &#9313; For the element component features, S was enriched in the sintering source profiles. Metal elements, such as Pb and Cr, were more abundant in the puddling source profiles. &#9314; The coefficients of divergence for profiles were calculated. Profiles of different sizes for the same processes showed similarities, whereas the diversities between the sintering and the other two profiles were higher. &#9315; Compared with research in other regions, similarities and differences were found and analyzed.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Iron and steel industry
Controlled terms:Sintering - Steelmaking
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical sources - Different sizes - Iron and steel companies - Metal elements - Particulate Matter - PM10 - PM2.5 - Source profiles
Classification code:545  Iron and Steel - 545.3  Steel
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.22e+01%, Percentage 2.45e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+00%, Percentage 2.83e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+00%, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 4.50e+00%, Percentage 5.20e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804007

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20190506448153
Title:Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater and the Origin in Alluvial-proluvial Fan of Qinhe River
Authors:Liu, Jiang-Tao (1); Cai, Wu-Tian (1); Cao, Yue-Ting (1); Cai, Yue-Mei (1); Bian, Chao (1); L&uuml;, Yong-Gao (1); Chen, Yuan-Ming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding; 071051, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5428-5439
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and the factors controlling the alluvial-proluvial fan of the Qinhe River, 60 samples were collected including 9 surface water samples and 51 groundwater samples. The distribution characteristics of the hydrochemistry and major controlling factors of hydrochemical evolution processes of surface water and groundwater in the study area were analyzed by using mathematical statistics, the Schakerev classification, Piper diagrams, Schoeller diagrams, Gibbs plots, and ion ratios. The results show that: &#9312; the major anions and cations of surface water and groundwater in the study area are Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>. The recharge sources of surface water and groundwater are closely related; &#9313; the major hydrochemical types of the groundwater are HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca, HCO<inf>3</inf>-Ca&bull;Mg, and HCO<inf>3</inf>&bull;SO<inf>4</inf>-Ca&bull;Mg, while the major hydrochemical type of surface water is HCO<inf>3</inf>&bull;SO<inf>4</inf>-Ca&bull;Mg; and &#9314; the major ions of surface water and groundwater are affected by carbonate mineral weathering and dissolution, ion exchange, and evaporation. Sulfuric acid and carbonic acid were involved in carbonate mineral weathering and dissolution.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Recharging (underground waters)
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Carbonate minerals - Dissolution - Groundwater geochemistry - Hydrochemistry - Ion exchange - Ions - Rivers - Statistics - Weathering
Uncontrolled terms:Gibbs plot - Hydrochemicals - Origin analysis - Piper diagram - Qinhe rivers
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 481.2  Geochemistry - 482.2  Minerals - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803156

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20190506448124
Title:Microbial Communities in Soils of Qingshuitang Industrial District in Zhuzhou
Authors:Shen, Li (1, 2); Li, Zhen-Hua (1, 2); Zeng, Wei-Min (1, 2); Yu, Run-Lan (1, 2); Wu, Xue-Ling (1, 2); Li, Jiao-Kun (1, 2); Wang, Shuo-Kun (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China 
Corresponding author:Zeng, Wei-Min(zengweimin1024@sina.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5151-5162
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the effect of heavy metal pollution on microbial communities, microbial diversity and community structure of soils near Qingshuitang industrial district in Zhuzhou, China, were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. In this study, the microbial diversity and community relative abundance decreased with increased heavy metal pollution level. Proteobacteria (49.56%) were the most abundant phylum in all samples, followed by Chloroflexi (13.07%) and Acidobacteria (8.77%). The microbial community structures of all samples were similar. The overlap of OTUs was 52.64%, and the structures of the abundant OTUs subcommunities were more similar than the rare OTUs community structures were. Heavy metals caused increases in Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi and decreases in Acidobacteria and Nitrospirae. According to Spearman's correlation, Proteobacteria was significantly negatively correlated with Cr, whereas Chloroflexi was positively correlated with Cr. Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were significantly negatively correlated with Nitrospirae. These results showed that heavy metal pollution is an important factor affecting the soil microbial structure in the soil of the Qingshuitang industrial district.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Heavy metals - Microorganisms - Pollution - Throughput
Uncontrolled terms:Heavy metal pollution - High-throughput sequencing - Industrial districts - Microbial community structures - Microbial diversity
Classification code:461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.31e+01%, Percentage 4.96e+01%, Percentage 5.26e+01%, Percentage 8.77e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801039

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20190506448118
Title:Impact of C/N Ratio on Nitrogen Removal Performance and N<inf>2</inf>O Release of Granular Sludge CANON Reactor
Authors:Fu, Kun-Ming (1); Jiang, Shan (1); Su, Xue-Ying (1, 2); Liao, Min-Hui (1); Qiu, Fu-Guo (1); Cao, Xiu-Qin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, Sino-Dutch R&amp;D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing; 100044, China; (2) Beijing Drainage Group Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing; 100044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5101-5107
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To Explore a suitable C/N ratio for efficient nitrogen removal and simultaneously achieving N<inf>2</inf>O release reduction, ammonia-rich wastewater with sodium acetate as an organic carbon source in a granular sludge completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) reactor under different C/N water conditions were studied to determine the reactor's nitrogen removal performance and N<inf>2</inf>O release. The results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate and the removal load tended to increase gradually with the increase of C/N, ranging from 0 to 2.0. When C/N=0, the TN removal rate was 56.50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in 7 h; the highest TN removal efficiency was 49%. When C/N=2.0, the highest TN removal rate was 71.42 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in 7 h; the highest TN removal efficiency was 59.52%, and the contribution of CANON to nitrogen removal gradually decreased, whereas the denitrification contribution gradually increased. When &Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;TN=0.086, the contribution of CANON nitrogen removal was only 51.48% and that of denitrification was 48.52%. The N<inf>2</inf>O release volume and release ratio decreased with increasing C/N. When C/N=0, the N<inf>2</inf>O release volume and rate were the highest, namely 3.60 mg and 2.13%, respectively. The lowest N<inf>2</inf>O release volume and rate were 1.61 mg and 0.75%, respectively, when C/N=2.0.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Denitrification - Efficiency - Granular materials - Organic carbon - Sodium compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Autotrophic nitrogen removal - Granular sludge - Release ratios - Removal efficiencies - Removal performance - Sodium acetate - Total nitrogen - Water conditions
Classification code:802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass 1.61e-06kg, Mass 3.60e-06kg, Mass_Density 5.65e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.14e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 2.13e+00%, Percentage 4.85e+01%, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 5.15e+01%, Percentage 5.95e+01%, Percentage 7.50e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804233

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20190506448139
Title:Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Variation of PM<inf>2.5</inf> in China Based on the LUR Model
Authors:Liu, Bing-Jie (1); Peng, Xiao-Min (2); Li, Ji-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin; 150040, China; (2) School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Ji-Hong(jhlee@nefu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5296-5307
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The land use regression (LUR) model is one of the most important systematic methods to simulate the temporal and spatial differentiation of the atmospheric pollutant concentration. To explore the adaptability of the LUR model to the simulation of air pollutants at the national scale in China and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of fine air particulate matter (PM<inf>2.5</inf>) in China in 2015 and its correlation with different geographical elements, we built a LUR model. The LUR model is based on a geographically weighted algorithm using PM<inf>2.5</inf> data acquired from the national control monitoring site in 2015 as the dependent variable and applying factors such as the type of land use, altitude, population, road traffic, and meteorological elements as independent variables. Based on model regression mapping, we obtained the distributions of monthly and annual PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations nationwide in 2015 and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentrations using the Hu line as a reference line. The results indicate that introducing the geographically weighted algorithm can significantly reduce the residual Moran's &#8544; of the LUR model, weaken the spatial autocorrelation of residuals, and improve the coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup>, which is better to reveal the complex relationship between the spatial distribution and impact factors of PM<inf>2.5</inf>. Cropland, forest, grass and urban industrial and residential land, and meteorological elements and major roads noticeably impact the PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration. Different spatial distributions of different geographical elements have distinct effects on PM<inf>2.5</inf>. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> shows distinct temporal and spatial differences on both sides of the Hu line. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> concentration is relatively high in developed cities with a large population and high industrialization levels. The concentration of PM<inf>2.5</inf> is higher in winter and gradually decreases in autumn, spring, and summer.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Spatial distribution
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Altitude control - Land use - Population statistics - Regression analysis - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Air particulate matters - Coefficient of determination - Geographically weighted - Land use regression - PM2.5 - Spatial autocorrelations - Temporal and spatial distribution - Temporal and spatial variation
Classification code:403  Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 451  Air Pollution - 731.3  Specific Variables Control - 921  Mathematics - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics - 943.2  Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805051

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20190506448179
Title:Structure Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal in Roots from Different Shrubs in Karst Regions
Authors:Liang, Yue-Ming (1, 2); Su, Yi-Rong (2); He, Xun-Yang (2); Chen, Xiang-Bi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Nature and Resources &amp; Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China 
Corresponding author:Su, Yi-Rong(yrsu@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5657-5664
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore if there are species-preferential characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and host plants in karst regions, 13 shrub plants (including leguminosae and non-leguminosae) were selected to study the AM community structure of root samples. The soil nutrients in rhizosphere soils significantly differ among shrubs; they are higher in leguminosae than in non-leguminosae. Cluster analysis shows that all 13 shrubs can be infected by AM. Significant differences of the AM community structure were observed among root samples from different shrubs, especially leguminosae and non-leguminosae. Redundancy analysis shows that soil Olsen-P, pH, and total nitrogen significantly influence the AM community structure of plant roots, although the factors affecting this fungus in leguminosae and non-leguminosae differ. These results indicate species-preferential characteristics of AM and host plants in karst regions, especially of the plant function group compared with plant species, suggesting that these characteristics should be taken into account when AM fungi are used for vegetation restoration in karst regions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Landforms
Controlled terms:Cluster analysis - Fungi - Soils - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - Community structures - Karst - Leguminosae - Shrub
Classification code:481.1  Geology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723  Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804117

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20190506448151
Title:Identification of Nitrate Pollution Sources Through Various Isotopic Methods: A Case Study of the Huixian Wetland
Authors:Peng, Cong (1); Pan, Xiao-Dong (1); Jiao, You-Jun (1); Ren, Kun (1); Zeng, Jie (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin; 541004, China 
Corresponding author:Pan, Xiao-Dong(524592965@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5410-5417
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In recent years, the ecological environment of wetlands has deteriorated under the predatory exploitation of human beings. Nitrate pollution is a major problem faced by wetland ecosystems. In this paper, Huixian karst wetland was selected as a study area to identify the main factors leading to the increase of nitrate in wetland water. The main sources of nitrate pollution in the area were determined by means of <sup>15</sup>N(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) and <sup>18</sup>O(NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>) isotopes. The contribution rate of all types of pollution sources was determined with the SIAR model. To explore the relationship between the spatial distribution of the nitrate concentration and the groundwater runoff conditions, the <sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf> isotopes were used to qualitatively characterize the runoff conditions of the groundwater. The results show that there are three main factors affecting the nitrate concentration in the study area: animal manure and domestic sewage, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in chemical fertilizer, and soil nitrogen. The average contribution rates to nitrate pollution are 39.1%, 32.2%, and 28.5% respectively. The <sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf> isotope data clarify that a light <sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf> reflects better groundwater runoff conditions. The concentration of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> is generally lower, while the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration corresponding to heavy <sup>13</sup>C<inf>DIC</inf> is generally higher. The condition of the groundwater runoff to a certain extent also affects the distribution of the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Groundwater pollution
Controlled terms:Groundwater - Isotopes - Nitrates - Nitrogen fertilizers - Runoff - Sewage - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical fertilizers - Contribution rate - Ecological environments - Groundwater runoff - Nitrate concentration - Nitrate pollution - Nitrogen and oxygen isotopes - ^13CDIC
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 444.2  Groundwater - 452.1  Sewage - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.85e+01%, Percentage 3.22e+01%, Percentage 3.91e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803212

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20190506448155
Title:Spectral Evolution Characteristics of DOM in Sediment Interstitial Water During the Formation Stage of Thermal Stratification in the Main Reservoir Area of the Zhoucun Reservoir
Authors:Zhou, Shi-Lei (1); Zhang, Yi-Ran (1); Huang, Ting-Lin (2); Li, Zai-Xing (1); Luo, Xiao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang; 050018, China; (2) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Ting-Lin(huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5451-5463
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on three-dimensional fluorescence spectra (EEMs) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra, we analyzed the vertical distribution and characteristics of dissolved organic matter in sediment interstitial water during the formation stage of thermal stratification in the Zhoucun Reservoir. The results show that the UV-Vis absorption coefficient varies between -400% and 400%, indicating the different properties of DOM(dissolved organic matter) at different depths. The changes of E2/E3 show that the proportion of fulvic acid in DOM increases with the stratification of the reservoir and fulvic acid accounts for the main proportion with autochthonous characteristics based on E3/E4&gt;3.5 and S<inf>R</inf>&gt;1. Two fulvic-like substances (C1, C3), two protein-like substance (C2, C5), and two humic-like substances (C4, C6) were identified with the PARAFAC model. Moreover, fulvic-like and protein-like substances account for most of substances. The total DOM fluorescence intensity and the fluorescence intensity of each component show a decreasing trend with the occurrence of stratification and exhibit significant vertical and temporal differences. Based on the analysis of FI, HIX, BIX, and &beta;:&alpha; in sediment interstitial water, the high BIX, FI, &beta;:&alpha; and low HIX indicate that the DOM of sediment interstitial water has strong autochthonous components and original characteristics of aquatic bacteria.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Reservoirs (water)
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Dissolution - Fluorescence - Organic acids - Proteins - Sediments - Thermal stratification
Uncontrolled terms:Dissolved organic matters - Fluorescence intensities - Interstitial water - Parallel factor analysis - Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra - Ultraviolet-visible spectra - UV-Vis spectrum - Vertical distributions
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage -4.00e+02% to 4.00e+02%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804058

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20190506448102
Title:Spatial Difference and Causes Analysis of the δ<sup>15</sup>N of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Lancang River Basin
Authors:Tang, Yong-Chun (1, 2); Xu, Piao (1); Yang, Zheng-Jian (1); Zhang, Si-Si (1); Liu, De-Fu (1); Ji, Dao-Bin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Resources and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan; 430068, China; (2) College of Hydraulic &amp; Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang; 443002, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Zheng-Jian(656637841@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4964-4971
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The influence of cascade hydropower construction on the migration and transformation of raw material and ecological problems in the Lancang River Basin is of concern to scholars domestically and internationally. Based on stable isotope technology, this study analyzed the spatial distribution of nitrogen in the Lancang River Basin and explained the cause of this distribution. The results showed that the range of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was 0.28-0.60mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and that of DIN in the downstream area of the Lancang River was 0.39-1.15mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The range of suspended particulate matter &delta;<sup>15</sup>N in the upstream area of this river was 4.52&permil;-6.72&permil;, and that in the downstream reservoir section was heavier than that in the upstream reservoir, which varied between 2.3&permil; and 11.8&permil;. This study used Isosource to analyze the source of suspended particulate matter. The results showed that industrial wastewater and sewage, soil organic matter, atmospheric sedimentation, and agrochemicals are the main sources of suspended particulate matter, and their respective total contribution rates are 42.43%, 22.38%, 18.16%, and 17.03%. At the same time, the &delta;<sup>15</sup>N of suspended particulate matter in Xiaowan, Manwan, and Dachaosan dams downstream of the Lancang River were influenced by algal assimilation, it leads to a reduction in the number of &delta;<sup>15</sup>N of suspended particles.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Agricultural chemicals - Isotopes - Nitrogen - Particles (particulate matter) - Sewage - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Influence factor - Isotope tracers - Lancang River - Source contributions - Suspended particulate matters
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 452.1  Sewage - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.2  Agricultural Chemicals - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 1.82e+01%, Percentage 2.24e+01%, Percentage 4.24e+01%, Mass_Density 2.80e-04kg/m3 to 6.00e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.90e-04kg/m3 to 1.15e-03kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804065

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20190506448164
Title:Removal of Humic Acid from Water by Magnetic Chitosan-Grafted Polyacrylamide
Authors:You, Wen (1); Liu, Hai-Cheng (1, 2); Cao, Jia-Wei (1); Shen, Yao-Liang (1); Chen, Wei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Hai-Cheng(hhua306@sohu.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5532-5540
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:For high-efficiency removal of humic acid (HA), a natural organic matter in the water source, an adsorbent named magnetically modified chitosan-grafted polyacrylamide (MC-g-PAM) was developed by using an in situ coprecipitation method. Analytical instruments, such as a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and specific surface area tester (BET), were used to characterize and analyze this material. With the aid of batch tests, the removal efficiency and mechanism of humic acid in water samples were investigated. The results show that the specific surface area and specific saturation magnetization values of the prepared MC-g-PAM are 27.065 m<sup>2</sup>&bull;g<sup>-1</sup> and 9.63 emu&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The adsorption of humic acid by MC-g-PAM is an endothermic process and the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation fit the adsorption process well. At 25&#8451;, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of MC-g-PAM to humic acid reaches 120.77 mg&bull;g<sup>-1</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Biological materials - Chitosan - Efficiency - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Grafting (chemical) - Integral equations - Isotherms - Organic acids - Saturation magnetization  - Scanning electron microscopy - Specific surface area
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption performance - Humic acid - Magnetic adsorbents - Preparation - Source waters
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 701.2  Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801  Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering - 921.2  Calculus
Numerical data indexing:Specific_Surface_Area 2.71e+04m2/kg
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803074

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 68>

Accession number:20190506448109
Title:Adsorption of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions on Sediments Amended with Magnetite-Modified Zeolite
Authors:Wang, Dan-He (1); Zhang, Hong-Hua (2); Lin, Jian-Wei (1); Zhan, Yan-Hui (1); He, Si-Qi (1); Liang, Shu-Jing (1); Ji, Yu (1); Xi, Xiu-Qing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310032, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, Jian-Wei(jwlin@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5024-5035
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Understanding the characteristics of phosphate adsorption onto magnetite-modified zeolite (MZ)-amended sediment is helpful for knowing the exchange behavior and process of phosphorus at the interface between the overlying water and MZ-amended sediment. Furthermore, it is helpful for the application of MZ as an amendment to control phosphorus release from sediment. To achieve this goal, the adsorption of phosphate on unamended and MZ-amended sediments was comparatively investigated using a series of batch experiments, and the fractionation of phosphorus in the phosphate-adsorbed MZ was studied using a sequential extraction process. The kinetic data of phosphate adsorption onto unamended and MZ-amended sediments were more suitably fitted to the Elovich model than to the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The equilibrium adsorption data of phosphate adsorption onto the unamended and MZ-amended sediments were well described by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevic isotherm model. The phosphate adsorption performance of the unamended and MZ-amended sediments decreased with increasing solution pH from 4 to 11. The presence of cations, such as K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup>, enhanced the adsorption of phosphate on the unamended and MZ-amended sediments, and the promoting effect decreased in the order of Ca<sup>2+</sup>&gt;Mg<sup>2+</sup>&gt;K<sup>+</sup>, whereas the presence of HCO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> inhibited the adsorption of phosphate. The mechanisms for phosphate adsorption onto the unamended and MZ-amended sediments involved electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange, while the mechanism for the adsorption of phosphate on MZ in the amended sediment involved ligand exchange. The sequential extraction analysis of phosphate-adsorbed MZ showed that 49.4% of phosphorus in MZ existed in the mobile form (NH<inf>4</inf>Cl-P, BD-P, and NaOH-nrP), which could be easily released from MZ. Therefore, the used MZ should be recovered from sediment using external magnetic fields after its application. The results of this study indicated that MZ is a promising sediment amendment for the control of internal loading in rivers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Sediments
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Extraction - Ligands - Magnetite - Phosphates - Positive ions - Sodium hydroxide - Zeolites
Uncontrolled terms:Amendment - Electrostatic attractions - Equilibrium adsorption - External magnetic field - Fractionation of phosphorus - Modified zeolite - Pseudo-second order model - Sequential extraction
Classification code:483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.94e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803168

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 69>

Accession number:20190506448144
Title:Emission Inventory and Characteristics of Anthropogenic Air Pollutant Sources in the Sichuan Province
Authors:Zhou, Zi-Hang (1, 2); Deng, Ye (1); Tan, Qin-Wen (1); Wu, Ke-Ying (1); Yang, Xin-Yue (1); Zhou, Xiao-Ling (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Chengdu Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Research, Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu; 610072, China; (2) College of Architecture &amp; Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5344-5358
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Based on anthropogenic source activity data and emission factors for the Sichuan Province, the 1 km &times; 1 km-gridded atmospheric air pollutant emission inventory of 2015 was developed in combination with GIS technology and the combined "bottom-up" and "top-down" construction method. The results show that the total emission of SO<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>x</inf>, CO, PM<inf>10</inf>, PM<inf>2.5</inf>, BC, OC, VOCs, and NH<inf>3</inf> in Chengdu is 444.9&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 820.0&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 3 773.1&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 1 371.6&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 537.5&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 28.7&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 53.1&times;10<sup>3</sup>, 923.6&times;10<sup>3</sup>, and 988.0&times;10<sup>3</sup> t, respectively. Power plants and other industrial combustion boilers contribute more than 95% of the SO<inf>2</inf> emissions. Mobile, fossil fuel combustion, and industrial process sources contribute 54%, 23%, and 20% of the NO<inf>x</inf> emissions, respectively. The industrial process of steel production and building materials manufacturing contribute 20% PM<inf>10</inf>of the emissions and take up 34% PM<inf>2.5</inf> of the emissions. Fugitive dust and road fugitive dust contributes 60% PM<inf>10</inf> and 35% PM<inf>2.5</inf> of the emissions, respectively. Biomass combustion contributes 33% BC and 51% OC of the emissions, respectively. The solvent use of mechanical processing, building decoration, electronic equipment manufacturing, and printing and furniture industry contribute 46% of the VOCs of the emissions. The NH<inf>3</inf> emissions mainly orginate from the sources of livestock feeding and nitrogen fertilizers, accounting for 70% and 25% of the NH<inf>3</inf> emissions, respectively. The spatial distribution of the emissions shows that high emissions are mainly distributed in the most densely populated, agricultural, and industrial more developed areas in Panzhihua and the Sichuan Basin. The urban agglomerations of the Chengdu Plain, represented by Chengdu, Deyang, and Mianyang, are the areas with emission concentration in the Sichuan Basin. The emissions inventory in this study has uncertainties. More fundamental studies on activity data should be conducted and the emission factors of typical emission sources should be further localized to improve the emission inventory and prevention and control of complex air pollution in the Sichuan Province and provide scientific support.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:68
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Air pollution - Air pollution control - Ammonia - Combustion - Dust - Fossil fuel power plants - Fossil fuels - Industrial plants - Manufacture  - Nitrogen fertilizers - Nitrogen oxides - Oscillators (electronic) - Steelmaking
Uncontrolled terms:Air pollutants - Anthropogenic sources - Emission characteristics - Emission inventories - Sichuan province - Spatial allocation
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 537.1  Heat Treatment Processes - 545.3  Steel - 713.2  Oscillators - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804109

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 70>

Accession number:20190506448094
Title:VOCs Emission Inventory of Anthropogenic Sources in Jiaxing
Authors:Hao, Huan (1); Wan, Mei (1); Rong, Yu (2); Lan, Ya-Qiong (1); Xiong, Chuan-Fang (3); Chao, Na (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (2) Zhejiang Shuangyi Environmental Technology Development Co., Ltd., Jiaxing; 314006, China; (3) Jiaxing Environmental Protection Agency, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (4) Environmental Science Research &amp; Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou; 310007, China 
Corresponding author:Wan, Mei(wanmeiaq@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4892-4900
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions inventory in Jiaxing for 2015 was established by collecting comprehensive activity data of anthropogenic sources and adopting scientific and reasonable estimation methods and emissions factors. Results showed that the total VOCs emissions in Jiaxing for 2015 amounted to 10.21&times;10<sup>4</sup> t, of which 78.15%, 12.08%, 5.83%, 3.24%, 0.26%, and 0.44% was contributed by industrial sources, vehicles, domestic sources, oil storage and transport, waste disposal, and burning of agricultural crop residues, respectively. Packaging and printing industries, the surface coating industry, the dyeing industry, chemical materials manufacturers, and the petrochemical industry are the most important VOCs-emitting industries. Haining, Tongxiang, and Pinghu were the three cities with the highest emissions amounts, which contributed 50% of the total VOCs emissions. The average emissions intensity of VOCs in Jingkai, Haining, and Nanhu exceeded 30 t&bull;km<sup>-2</sup>.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Industrial emissions
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Automobile manufacture - Crops - Digital storage - Industrial waste disposal - Packaging materials - Solid wastes - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural crop residues - Anthropogenic sources - Emission factors - Emission inventories - Emissions inventory - Jiaxing - Petrochemical industry - Surface coating industries
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 662.1  Automobiles - 694.2  Packaging Materials - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 2.60e-01%, Percentage 3.24e+00%, Percentage 4.40e-01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.83e+00%, Percentage 7.82e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801109

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 71>

Accession number:20190506448105
Title:Concentration Variations and Flux Estimation of Dissolved Carbon in Karst Spring of a Typical Karst Area
Authors:Xiong, Bai-Lian (1, 2); Zhang, Jin-Zhong (3); Peng, Tao (4, 5); Hao, Zhuo (2); Gao, Yang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi; 563006, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang; 550002, China; (5) Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding; 562100, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Yang(gaoyang@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4991-4998
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are two important indices for studying karstification, carbon sinks, and the carbon cycle. In order to further understand the migration characteristics of DIC and DOC in karst springs in small watersheds and improve the estimation accuracy of carbon flux under conditions of discrete and limited water quality monitoring data, the concentration variations of DIC and DOC were studied in karst outlet springs of Chenqi small watershed in Puding County, Guizhou Province, China. The flux estimation regression equations of DIC and DOC were established by the LOADEST model, and the carbon sink intensity in Chenqi karst spring basin was estimated. The results showed that the concentrations of DIC and DOC were 16.47-42.31 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 0.87-6.89 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, which displayed exponential decrease and increase with increased instantaneous runoff, respectively. Based on the regression equations constructed by the LOADEST model, the daily flux load of DIC was mainly affected by runoff, whereas that of DOC was affected by both time and runoff. The estimated total fluxes of DIC and DOC were 9 490.01 kg&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> (95% confidence interval of 11 293.58-7 972.33 kg&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>) and 1 704.87 kg&bull;a<sup>-1</sup> (95% confidence interval of 1 895.24-1 553.24 kg&bull;a<sup>-1</sup>), respectively. The carbon sink intensity of the Chenqi karst spring basin was 3.40 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup> [95% confidence interval of 2.85-4.05 g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;a)<sup>-1</sup>]. The LOADEST model fully utilized discrete and limited water quality data to improve flux estimation accuracy from the monthly average to the daily average. Therefore, it is an effective tool to estimate the fluxes of DIC and DOC in karst springs under low frequency water quality monitoring conditions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Dissolution - Landforms - Runoff - Springs (water) - Stream flow - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon fluxes - Concentration variation - Confidence interval - Dissolved inorganic carbon - Dissolved organic carbon - Karst springs - Regression equation - Water quality monitoring
Classification code:407.2  Waterways - 444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 481.1  Geology - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.65e-02kg/m3 to 4.23e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.70e-04kg/m3 to 6.89e-03kg/m3, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803118

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 72>

Accession number:20190506448160
Title:Spatial Distribution of Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Transformation of Their Precursors in River Water Samples and Effluents of Wastewater Treatment Plans in a Typical Tourism City
Authors:Wang, Shi-Liang (1); Sun, Jian-Shu (1); Yang, Yue-Wei (2); Zhang, Min (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao; 276826, China; (2) School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu; 273165, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Yue-Wei(yyangqnu@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5494-5502
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are commonly detected in various environmental media and can cause potential risks to the ecological environment and human health. The levels and spatial distribution of 15 types of PFAAs and 3 types of PFAA precursors in the main river water and effluents of three sewage treatment plants (STPs) of Rizhao City were systematically investigated based on methods such as ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), solid phase extraction and enrichment, and hydroxyl radical (&bull;OH) oxidation to explore the pollution characteristics of PFAAs and the contribution of their precursors to environmental pollution in different water bodies of typical tourist cities. The results of this study reveal that 15 types of PFAAs and only perfluorooctane sulfoneamide (FOSA) among the precursors are detectable in most of the water samples. The total concentration of PFAAs (&sum;PFAAs) in the river water and sewage effluents is 3.79-45.58 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 54.04-105.64 ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The predominant PFAAs are perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA). The &sum;PFAAs value of the river samples is notably lower than that of sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents. An increasing tendency was observed from the upstream to the downstream of the rivers. After hydroxyl radical oxidation treatment, the PFAA concentrations of rivers and STPs increase notably. The increased concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with 4-12 perfluoroalkyl carbon chains (&sum;&Delta;PFCA<inf>C4~C12</inf>) in the STP effluents are much higher than those in the river, which might be induced by the degradation of precursors during the sewage treatment processes. The results of this research provide basic data and technical support for environmental pollution prevention of new emerging pollutants in tourist cities.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Drug products - Effluents - Health risks - Liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry - Phase separation - Rivers - Sewage treatment plants - Spatial distribution - Wastewater treatment  - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution - Perfluoroalkyl acids - Precursors - Rizhao - Transformation
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 461.7  Health Care - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801  Chemistry - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.79e-09kg/m3 to 4.56e-08kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.40e-08kg/m3 to 1.06e-07kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805161

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 73>

Accession number:20190506448091
Title:Size Distribution Characteristics of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions During Summer and Autumn in Zhengzhou
Authors:Zhao, Qing-Yan (1); Jiang, Nan (1); Yan, Qi-She (1); Wang, Shen-Bo (1); Han, Shi-Jie (1); Yang, Liu-Ming (1); Zhang, Rui-Qin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou; 450001, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Rui-Qin(rqzhang@zzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4866-4875
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the compositional characteristics of atmospheric particulates with different particle sizes in the central city of Zhengzhou, China, a Tisch graded impact sampler was used to sample atmospheric particulates in summer and autumn. The mass concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions, including anions (Cl<sup>-</sup>, F<sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>) and cations (Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup>) were measured by ion chromatography, and the online ion chromatography-based analyzer MARGA monitored the real-time concentration of particulate nitrate. The results showed that the average concentration of water-soluble ions in Zhengzhou City was (70.9&plusmn;52.1) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> during the sampling period, and the order of water-soluble ion mass concentrations was NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>&gt;SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>&gt;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>&gt;Ca<sup>2+</sup>&gt;Na<sup>+</sup>&gt;Cl<sup>-</sup>&gt;Mg<sup>2+</sup>&gt;K<sup>+</sup>&gt;F<sup>-</sup>; NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>accounted for 79.9% of total water-soluble ions. The NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> concentration was mainly concentrated in the 0.65-3.3 &mu;m particle size segment, despite the SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> concentration being concentrated in the &le;1.1 &mu;m particle size segment in autumn or summer. Both NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> and SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> had a bimodal distribution in summer and autumn and were mainly distributed as fine particles. NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> showed seasonal variation with a bimodal distribution in summer and a unimodal distribution in autumn. Zhengzhou City had serious ozone pollution in summer, and O<inf>3</inf> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> showed the "staggered peak" phenomenon, indicating photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. In autumn, water-soluble inorganic ion concentration in particulate matter was high, and the ratio of [NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>]/[ SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>] was higher than 0.5. The mobile source is an important source of particles. NOR and SOR peaks were on the 1.1-2.1 &mu;m particle size segment in summer, whereas those in the 0.65-1.1 &mu;m particle size segment occurred in autumn. The sulfur gas-to-grain conversion in summer was larger than that of nitrogen, contrary to the result in autumn.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Ions
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Ion chromatography - Ozone - Particle size - Photochemical reactions - Size distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric particulate - Average concentration - Compositional characteristics - Conversion ratio - Different particle sizes - Particulates - Unimodal distribution - Water soluble inorganic ions
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 741.1  Light/Optics - 801  Chemistry - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.99e+01%, Size 1.10e-06m to 2.10e-06m, Size 6.50e-07m to 1.10e-06m, Size 6.50e-07m to 3.30e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803102

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 74>

Accession number:20190506448136
Title:Research Progress on the Sources of Inorganic Nitrogen Pollution in Groundwater and Identification Methods
Authors:Du, Xin-Qiang (1, 2); Fang, Min (1, 2); Ye, Xue-Yan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun; 130021, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130021, China 
Corresponding author:Ye, Xue-Yan(yexy@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5266-5275
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The identification of the main inorganic nitrogen (MIN, referring to NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N) pollution sources in groundwater is of great significance to its control and repair. A review of the MIN sources in groundwater and the main identification methods was conducted. The main sources of MIN pollution in groundwater (atmospheric nitrogen deposition, soil natural organic nitrogen mineralization, nitrogen from streams, and nitrogen emission from human activity), and its distribution in China were expounded. The common methods for tracing MIN sources include hydrochemical analysis, statistical estimation, regional nitrogen balance evaluation, stable isotopes tracer, and new types of tracers. Because of the variety of nitrogen sources and the complexity of the MIN pollution formation mechanism, the single identification methods shared limitations in application, whereas more comprehensive ones, especially the stable isotope tracer integrated with other methods, were mainstream. Furthermore, future research prospects, including the development of new types of tracing methods, the optimization of quantification methods, the integration of research on pollution source identification, transformation mechanism, groundwater recharge and discharge condition, and groundwater-surface water conversion, have been put forward.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:92
Main heading:Recharging (underground waters)
Controlled terms:Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Isotopes - Pollution control - River pollution - Soil pollution - Surface waters
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric nitrogen deposition - Groundwater-surface waters - Inorganic nitrogen - Isotope tracing - Nitrogen sources - Pollution sources - Quantification methods - Transformation mechanisms
Classification code:444.1  Surface Water - 444.2  Groundwater - 453  Water Pollution - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802088

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 75>

Accession number:20190506448126
Title:Effects of Returning Nitrogen by Biochar Loading on Paddy Growth, Root Morphology, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency
Authors:Yu, Ying-Liang (1, 2); Wang, Yue-Man (1); Hou, Peng-Fu (1); Yang, Lin-Zhang (1); Odindo, Alfred Oduor (2); Xue, Li-Hong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment of the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) School of Agricultural, Earth &amp; Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville; 3209, South Africa 
Corresponding author:Xue, Li-Hong(njxuelihong@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5170-5179
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Building a nutrient channel between eutrophic water and agricultural fields could reduce nutrient input into fields and alleviate eutrophication by returning nitrogen. In order to determine the feasibility of returning nitrogen by biochar loading, a rhizobox experiment was conducted with two nitrogen applied methods, namely SN (applied nitrogen by nitrogen fertilizer solution) and BN (applied nitrogen by nitrogen-loaded biochar). The results showed that BN, in comparison with SN, decreased the biomass and nitrogen uptake of the aboveground paddy by 16% and 14%, respectively, increased biomass root-shoot ratios by 25%-27%, and reduced nitrogen recovery use efficiency. Two nitrogen application methods affected the length and volume of paddy adventitious roots. Paddy underground biomass and nitrogen uptake were positively correlated with soil ammonium content, whereas paddy aboveground nitrogen uptake was negatively correlated with root tips. It was suggested that the paddy biomass and nitrogen uptake would be influenced when nitrogen was applied solely by nitrogen-loaded biochar. However, no affinity and no significance in nitrogen use efficiency were found for plant uptake between chemical nitrogen and biochar-loaded nitrogen. Additionally, biochar promoted soil mineral nitrogen content for further plant uptake. Therefore, biochar could be used as the carrier for returning nitrogen from waterbodies to fields. The replacement rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizer is the key to influencing plant growth and needs future study.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Loading
Controlled terms:Biomass - Efficiency - Eutrophication - Nitrogen fertilizers - Nutrients
Uncontrolled terms:Adventitious root - Agricultural fields - Application method - Bio chars - Nitrogen loading - Nitrogen-use efficiency - Root morphology - Soil mineral nitrogen
Classification code:691.2  Materials Handling Methods - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01% to 2.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804034

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 76>

Accession number:20190506448130
Title:Intercropping Arundo donax with Woody Plants to Remediate Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil
Authors:Zeng, Peng (1); Guo, Zhao-Hui (1); Xiao, Xi-Yuan (1); Peng, Chi (1); Huang, Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Zhao-Hui(zhguo@csu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5207-5216
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the potential of intercropping Arundo donax with Broussonetia papyrifera or Morus alba to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil. The results showed that intercropping the herbaceous plant A. donax with woody plants B. papyrifera or M. alba was beneficial for plant growth on heavy metal-contaminated soil. This can effectively enhance the comprehensive enrichment capacity of heavy metals and improve soil enzyme activities. The photosynthetic pigment contents in the leaves of A. donax, B. papyrifera, and M. alba decreased along with remediation time under monoculture treatment for each plant. However, compared with 90 d cultivation, the chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents in B. papyrifera leaves and chlorophyll-b and carotenoid contents in M. alba leaves under intercropping treatment after 270 d cultivation were only slightly changed. Furthermore, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoid contents in M. alba leaves under intercropping treatment were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased by 99.1%, 177.1%, and 119.9%, respectively, compared with monoculture-treated M. alba, and the total biomass of M. alba increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) by 26.1%. Compared with monoculture-treated A. donax, the total accumulation amounts of Pb and Zn in the shoots of combined plants was significantly (P&lt;0.05) enhanced by 171% and 124% under intercropping treatment of A. donax with B. papyrifera. Compared with monoculture-treated M. alba and A. donax, the total accumulation amounts of As and Pb in the shoots of intercropped plants were significantly (P&lt;0.05) enhanced by 150% and 76.5%, respectively, under intercropping treatment of A. donax with M. alba. Moreover, the fractions of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in contaminated soil slightly changed under intercropping treatment of A. donax with B. papyrifera or M. alba, and soil urease, acid phosphatase, and total phosphatase activity was superior to part of the monoculture treatments after 270 d cultivation. The results further suggested that intercropping A. donax with B. papyrifera or M. alba could be effectively used for heavy metal-contaminated soil remediation, while simultaneously improving the biological quality in contaminated soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Contamination - Heavy metals - Phosphatases - Pigments - Plants (botany) - Remediation - Soil conservation - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Arundo donax - Broussonetia papyrifera - Contaminated soils - Intercropping - Morus alba
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.20e+02%, Percentage 1.24e+02%, Percentage 1.50e+02%, Percentage 1.71e+02%, Percentage 1.77e+02%, Percentage 2.61e+01%, Percentage 7.65e+01%, Percentage 9.91e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804136

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 77>

Accession number:20190506448125
Title:Effect of Biochar Addition on the Diversity and Interaction of Rhizosphere Fungi in Manure-fertilized Soil
Authors:Wang, Dan-Dan (1); Yang, Ze-Ping (1); Zhao, Yuan (1); Liang, Yu-Ting (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China 
Corresponding author:Liang, Yu-Ting(ytliang@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5163-5169
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To study the effect of biochar addition on the community structure and interaction of rhizosphere fungi in manure-fertilized soil, a pot experiment with ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was performed to assess community succession and the molecular ecological network of rhizosphere fungi with the addition of 2% (w/w) biochar and manure-only treatments. The results of Illumina MiSeq sequencing indicated that there was no significant difference between the soil fungal &alpha;-diversity (Shannon index) of the control group and that of the biochar group. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota were the dominant fungal phyla across all samples with relative abundances ranging from 59.64% to 84.80%, 1.90% to 5.87%, and 4.34% to 16.11%, respectively. Molecular ecological network analysis indicated that fungal communities in the biochar treatment had more complex associations and significantly enhanced positive correlations compared to those of the control group (P&lt;0.05). Mantel test analysis indicated that plant root was significantly correlated with fungal abundance and community interactions in the biochar treatment (P=0.001). Plant root was the most important factor in altering fungal abundance and interactions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Fungi
Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Electric network analysis - Fertilizers - Manures - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Bio chars - Community structures - Ecological network analysis - Ecological networks - Fertilized soils - Positive correlations - Relative abundance - Ryegrass
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 703.1.1  Electric Network Analysis - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 821.5  Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.34e+00% to 1.61e+01%, Percentage 5.96e+01% to 8.48e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803001

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 78>

Accession number:20190506448185
Title:Effect of CO<inf>2</inf> Doubling and Different Plant Growth Stages on Rice Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus and Their Stoichiometric Ratios
Authors:Tang, Mei-Ling (1, 2); Xiao, Mou-Liang (2); Yuan, Hong-Zhao (2); Wang, Guang-Jun (1); Liu, Shou-Long (2); Zhu, Zhen-Ke (2); Ge, Ti-Da (2); Wu, Jin-Shui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha; 410004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha; 410125, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Guang-Jun(wanggj652@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5708-5716
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The variation characteristics of ecological stoichiometric ratios can reflect the nature of plant adaptation to environmental changes. The C, N, and P contetns, and their stoichiometric ratios in different organs of rice were studied using a CO<inf>2</inf> continuous labeling system, by simulating the increase of atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentration (800&times;10<sup>-6</sup>). The results showed that CO<inf>2</inf> doubling promoted the growth of rice organs and increased the root/shoot ratio. CO<inf>2</inf> doubling reduced the shoot TN content in different growth periods, increased the C/N ratio in the rice root, shoot, and grain, decreased the N use efficiency, and improved the P use efficiency. Multiple comparison and Venn diagram analyses showed that CO<inf>2</inf> concentration only has a significant impact on the TN content in the rice shoot; it contributed little to the variation in rice nutrient content and their stoichiometric ratios, indicating that CO<inf>2</inf> doubling had no effect on these. Under the condition of elevated atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations, the C, N, and P contents and their stoichiometirc ratios, in rice organs had good homeostasis, and the stoichiometric change during growth periods was consistent with "the Growth Rate Theory". In farmland management, appropriate nitrogen fertilizers can alleviate the nutrient balance pressure caused by the increase in CO<inf>2</inf> concentration.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Growth rate
Controlled terms:Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Ecology - Efficiency - Nitrogen fertilizers - Nutrients - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Chemometry - CO2 doubling - Dynamic equilibria - Growth stages - Stoichiometric changes - Stoichiometric ratio - Variation characteristics - Venn diagram analysis
Classification code:454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804241

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 79>

Accession number:20190506448095
Title:Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs in Areas Surrounding a Petrochemical Park in Shanghai
Authors:Sheng, Tao (1); Chen, Xiao-Jia (2); Gao, Song (1); Liu, Qi-Zhen (1); Li, Xue-Feng (3); Fu, Qing-Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Environmental Protection Shanghai Dianshan Lake Science Observatory Research Station, Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai; 200235, China; (2) College of Environment Sciences and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (3) Shanghai Xiangde Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200235, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Song(gs@semc.gov.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4901-4908
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To investigate the pollution characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the vicinity of a petrochemical park, the composition and concentration of VOCs was successively monitored by application of a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in the residential area surrounding a petrochemical park in Shanghai in October 2017. Moreover, the maximum incremental reactive method was employed to estimate the O<inf>3</inf>-formation potential contributed by VOCs, and health risks were assessed. Results showed that during the observation period, TVOCs concentrations ranged from 16.4 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> to 1 947.8 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> with an average concentration of 40.7 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>, whereas the average proportions of alkanes, alkene/alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons were 66.2%, 25.9%, and 7.9%, respectively. The diurnal variation of total VOCs concentration showed a monomodal change, with a peak concentration of 127.9 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup> at 07:00, whereas the TVOCs had an average ozone formation potential (OFP) of 249.7 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. Analysis of OFP indicated that trans-2-butene and ethylene were the most important species in ozone production with accountabilities for total OFP of 153.4 &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. Propylene, trans-2-butene, and ethylene were the key active species. Furthermore, health risk assessments revealed that no significant health risks had been caused by hexane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Air pollution - Butenes - Ethylene - Gas chromatography - Health - Health risks - Hexane - Ionization of gases - Ozone - Petrochemicals  - Risk perception - Volatile organic compounds - Xylene
Uncontrolled terms:Average concentration - Formation potential - Gas chromatography-flame ionization detectors - Observation Period - Ozone formation potentials - Peak concentrations - Petrochemical parks - Shanghai
Classification code:451  Air Pollution - 461.6  Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7  Health Care - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.59e+01%, Percentage 6.62e+01%, Percentage 7.90e+00%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803186

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 80>

Accession number:20190506448133
Title:Short-term Effects of Different Grazing Intensities on Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Semi-arid Grassland
Authors:Shen, Yan (1, 2); Sun, Jian-Ping (1, 2); Luo, Yu-Kun (1, 2); Diao, Hua-Jie (1, 2); Yan, Wei-Dong (1); Wang, Chang-Hui (2); Dong, Kuan-Hu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100093, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Chang-Hui(wangch@ibcas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5237-5245
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Grazing is one of the most important ways for managing grassland in northern China. Different studies have focused on the effects of grazing on the structure and function of ecosystems. Grazing affects the structure and function of soil via biological and physical processes, such as animal trampling, feeding, and excretion, which further affects N<inf>2</inf>O emissions. However, there is less research on greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions by grazing intensities in semi-arid grassland ecosystems in northern China. In this study, four different grazing intensities were considered in the semi-arid grassland ecosystem of the typical agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China (Youyu, Shanxi). The influence of different grazing intensities on GHG fluxes was studied by measuring GHGs fluxes in the growing season with an opaque static chamber. The results showed that &#9312; Grazing had no effect on CO<inf>2</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes during the first year of grazing treatment. &#9313; However, grazing decreased soil water content (P&lt;0.05), moderate grazing intensity decreased microbial biomass carbon (P&lt;0.05), and moderate and heavy grazing intensities reduced microbial biomass nitrogen (P&lt;0.05). &#9314; Significant positive correlations between CO<inf>2</inf> flux and soil temperature and soil moisture were observed. The correlation between temperature and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions was increased by grazing. &#9315; There was a significant positive correlation between soil temperature, soluble nitrogen, soil microbial biomass nitrogen, CO<inf>2</inf> flux, and N<inf>2</inf>O flux. Our results indicated that GHG, regulated by soil microorganisms, was affected by soil temperature and moisture. Key words:<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:56
Main heading:Greenhouse gases
Controlled terms:Biomass - Carbon dioxide - Ecosystems - Nitrogen - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Agro-pastoral ecotones - Grazing - Greenhouse gas fluxes - Microbial biomass - Microbial biomass carbon - Positive correlations - Semi-arid grasslands - Soil microbial biomass nitrogens
Classification code:451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803213

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 81>

Accession number:20190506448110
Title:Reduction and Oxidation of Mercury by Dissolved Organic Matter Under Anaerobic Conditions
Authors:Bian, Yong-Rong (1, 2, 3); Gu, Bao-Hua (4); Zhu, Bo (1); Cheng, Hu (2, 3); Gu, Cheng-Gang (3); Yang, Xing-Lun (3); Song, Yang (3); Wang, Fang (3); Ye, Mao (3); Jiang, Xin (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (4) Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge; TN; 37830, United States 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5036-5042
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In sediments, wetlands, and flooded paddy soils, natural organic matter (DOM), such as humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), exist in a reduced state and mediate the reduction of Hg(&#8545;) and affect the transformation of mercury and geochemical cycles. This study simulated a dark anaerobic environment to study the reduction of Hg(&#8545;) by reduced HA and FA. Compared to oxidized HA and FA, the reduction capacity of the reduced HA and FA for Hg(&#8545;) were higher. The optimal concentrations of reduced HA and FA to reduce Hg(&#8545;) to Hg(0) were 0.2 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 1.5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The reduction quantity of Hg(&#8545;) was enhanced with the increased concentration of reduced HA and FA at a lower than optimal concentration, whereas the reduction quantity of Hg(&#8545;) decreased with increasing concentration of reduced HA and FA at a higher than optimal concentration due to the occurrence of thiol-competitive complexation. Hg(&#8545;) was not reduced at a reduced HA concentration of 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The kinetics results of Hg(&#8545;) reduction demonstrated that the reduction rates were IHSS-HA&gt;FRC-HA&gt;FRC-FA at a low molar ratio (dissolved organic carbon (DOC):Hg(&#8545;)=400:1). The reduction of Hg(&#8545;) by the reduced HA stopped or processed in the opposite direction at a high molar ratio (DOC:Hg(&#8545;)=10 000:1). The quantity of Hg(0) decreased with increasing HA concentration. Furthermore, as the concentrations of reduced HA and FA were increased to 5 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 10 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, no Hg(0) was detected in the samples. The experiment of the recovery confirmed that reduced HA and FA reacted with Hg(0). Additionally, reduced HA, FA, and Hg(0) induced oxidative complexation with sulfhydryl or disulfide bonds. Reduced DOM played a dual role in Hg redox reactions, affecting the availability of active Hg, which, in turn, affected the methylation of microbial Hg.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Biological materials
Controlled terms:Alkylation - Biogeochemistry - Covalent bonds - Dissolution - Mercury (metal) - Molar ratio - Organic acids - Organic carbon - Oxidation - Redox reactions  - Reduction - Sediments - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic conditions - Anaerobic environment - Dissolved organic carbon - Dissolved organic matters - Geochemical cycles - Natural organic matters - Optimal concentration - Reduction capacity
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2  Biochemistry - 801.4  Physical Chemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e-03kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804230

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 82>

Accession number:20190506448096
Title:Characteristics of Bioaerosols Emitted from WWTP with SBR Treatment Process
Authors:Yang, Kai-Xiong (1, 2); Hou, Hong-Xun (3); Wang, Ying-Zhe (3); Shi, Hao-Ran (3); Xu, Guang-Su (1, 2); Han, Yun-Ping (1); Liu, Jun-Xin (1, 2); Li, Lin (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Hefei; 230088, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Lin(leel@rcees.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4909-4914
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sampling sites were located in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with a sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process to investigate the characteristics of bioaerosol emissions. The results indicated that bioaerosols were detected from each treatment section of the WWTP, and concentrations of bioaerosols were in the range of 82-1 525 CFU&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>. The coarse screen, aeration tank, and sludge dewatering house were the main sources of bioaerosols. The dominant species in each treatment section was Cyanobacteria, and the other main bacterial taxa were Aeromonas, Peptostreptococcaceae, Moraxellaceae, Chroococcidiopsis, Sphingomonas, Arcobacter, and Acinetobacter. Among the identified bacterial genera, Aeromonas, Arcobacter, Acinetobacter, and Sphingomonas were potential pathogens. Bioaerosol concentration and abundance decreased along the vertical and horizontal directions. Appropriate temperature and relative humidity benefited the survival of bioaerosols in the air (P&lt;0.01), whereas a negative relationship between bioaerosol concentration and wind speed was observed (P&lt;0.05). Although exposure risks caused by bioaerosols were negligible in this study, the accumulation of bioaerosols would increase potential health risks. The bioreactor for odor treatment could effectively reduce bioaerosol emissions.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Aerosols
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Batch reactors - Health risks - Risk assessment - Wastewater treatment - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Bioaerosol dispersion - Bioaerosol emissions - Bioaerosols - Emission characteristics - Potential health risks - Sequencing batch reactors - Temperature and relative humidity - Wastewater treatment plants
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.7  Health Care - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803161

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 83>

Accession number:20190506448113
Title:Effect of Substrate Ratio on Removal of Nitrogen and Carbon Using Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation and Denitrification
Authors:An, Fang-Jiao (1); Huang, Jian-Ming (1); Huang, Li (2); Qiao, Rui (1); Wang, Jin (1); Chen, Yong-Zhi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Lanzhou Railway Design Institute Company Limited, Lanzhou; 730000, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Yong-Zhi(476411589@qq.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5058-5064
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Real domestic sewage was treated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). When the partial nitrification of SBR was achieved, the effluent was fed with quantitative NaNO<inf>2</inf>, which served as the influent of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process of the anaerobic SBR (ASBR). The effect of different substrate ratios on the removal of nitrogen and carbon using anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification was investigated under conditions with a temperature of 24&#8451; and pH of 7.2&plusmn;0.2. The results showed that &#9312; the nitrogen removal efficiency was optimum when the influent NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N was 1.4-1.6. The average effluent concentrations of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 2.14, 1.07, and 30.50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, and their removal rates were 93.62%, 97.79%, and 74.75%, respectively. The &Delta;NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and &Delta;NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/&Delta;NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N ratios were 1.60 and 0.17, respectively. Total nitrogen was removed by the joint action of denitrifying and ANAMMOX bacteria. &#9313; When the influent ratio of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N increased, the contribution of ANAMMOX to nitrogen removal decreased, but the contribution of heterotrophic denitrification to nitrogen removal increased gradually. &#9314; The NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N degradation processes corresponded with zero-order reactions and fitted the linear relationship in the typical cycle. Their specific degradation rates were 0.404 and 0.599 mg&bull;(g&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Their ratio was 1.48, and the specific degradation rate of COD gradually increased.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Batch reactors - Carbon - Chemical oxygen demand - Degradation - Denitrification - Effluents - Nitrogen oxides - Oxidation - Sewage - Sodium compounds  - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation - Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors - Contribution rate - Domestic sewage - Effluent concentrations - Heterotrophic denitrification - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Sequencing batch reactors
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 802.1  Chemical Plants and Equipment - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.05e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 7.48e+01%, Percentage 9.36e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804130

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 84>

Accession number:20190506448165
Title:Ozone-Biological Activated Carbon for Advanced Removal of Typical Persistent Organic Pollutants from Micro-Polluted Source Water in the Yangtze Delta Region
Authors:Lan, Ya-Qiong (1); Liu, Rui (1); Ma, Zheng-Jie (1, 2); Chen, L&uuml;-Jun (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment in Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University of Zhejiang, Jiaxing; 314006, China; (2) College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (3) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, Rui(liuruitsinghuazj@gmail.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5541-5549
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Ozone-biological activated carbon (O<inf>3</inf>-BAC) was studied for the advanced removal of organics from micro-polluted source water in the water supply plant P located in J City in the Yangtze Delta Region. The results show that 19.2% of the permanganate index, 10.4% of total organic carbon, and 23.0% of UV<inf>254</inf> were removed by the advanced treatment of O<inf>3</inf>-BAC. Eight types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), 16 types of organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs), and five types of haloacetic acids (HAAs) were detected in the source water. The total concentrations were 53.9-100.0, 6.5-41.8, and 2.5&times;10<sup>3</sup>-1.1&times;10<sup>4</sup> ng&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The advanced O<inf>3</inf>-BAC treatment removed 32.5% of PAHs and 25.9% of OCPs, greatly improving the effluent of the conventional water supply process. However, HAAs were mainly removed with the conventional process, with a removal rate of 33.8%-87.0%. After the advanced treatment with O<inf>3</inf>-BAC, the amount of chloroacetic acid slightly decreased, while the concentration of bromoacetic acid slightly increased.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:Organic pollutants
Controlled terms:Activated carbon - Activated carbon treatment - Air pollution - Chemicals removal (water treatment) - Chloroacetic acid - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Hydrocarbons - Mineral oils - Organic carbon  - Ozone - Pesticides - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Water pollution - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Biological activated carbon - Haloacetic acids - Organochlorine pesticides - Persistent organic pollutants - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) - Yangtza Delta Region
Classification code:446.1  Water Supply Systems - 451  Air Pollution - 452.3  Industrial Wastes - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 453  Water Pollution - 513.3  Petroleum Products - 803  Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.04e+01%, Percentage 1.92e+01%, Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 2.59e+01%, Percentage 3.25e+01%, Percentage 3.38e+01% to 8.70e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712003

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 85>

Accession number:20190506448107
Title:Characteristics of Phthalic Acid Esters Pollution in Urban Surface Runoff in Shanghai, China
Authors:Liu, Yu-Tong (1); Li, Tian (1); Peng, Hang-Yu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Tian(tianli@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5007-5014
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are still widely applied in China, and their pollution characteristics in urban surface runoff are important to receiving water protection. To evaluate the pollution characteristics of PAEs in urban runoff, six priority PAEs in road and roof runoff were monitored in nine storm events from June to September 2017 in Shanghai, China, and related rainwater samples were collected simultaneously. The average &sum;<inf>6</inf>PAEs in urban road and roof runoff were 170.64 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 40.92 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, much higher than the values reported in Europe and Australia. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was the dominating pollutant in both road and roof runoff. Significance analyses indicated there was no significant difference for low molecular weight(LMW)PAEs concentrations between road and roof runoff, whereas high molecular weight (HMW) PAEs concentrations in road runoff were significantly higher than those in roof runoff and rainwater (P&lt;0.01), which implied that traffic was an important factor contributing to PAEs pollution in urban runoff. The pollutograph of PAEs, total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations vs rainfall duration for road runoff showed the same trend, and the first flush effect of PAEs was generally apparent. The influencing factors of PAEs in urban runoff were investigated. EMCs of PAEs in roof runoff were negatively correlated with rainfall intensity and positively correlated with TSS. EMCs of PAEs in road runoff were negatively correlated with rainfall volume and intensity and positively correlated with antecedent dry period, TSS, and COD. PAEs in surface runoff were significantly correlated with particulate matter. According to the criteria of the National Standard of Surface Water Quality of China, DEHP and DBP have limiting values of 8 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and 3 &mu;g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The ratios of DEHP concentrations in road and roof runoff to the limiting values are 32 and 7, respectively. DBP concentrations were higher than the limiting value in most rainfall events for road runoff but lower than those for roof runoff. Without reasonable management measures, urban runoff could contaminate receiving water, especially drinking water sources.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Runoff
Controlled terms:Carboxylic acids - Chemical oxygen demand - Esters - Molecular weight - Potable water - Rain - River pollution - Roads and streets - Roofs - Sewage  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate - Drinking water sources - Non-point source pollution - Phthalic acid esters - Road runoff - Roof runoff - Significance analysis - Total suspended solids
Classification code:406.2  Roads and Streets - 443.3  Precipitation - 444  Water Resources - 444.1  Surface Water - 445.2  Water Analysis - 452.1  Sewage - 453  Water Pollution - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 931.3  Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.71e-04kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 4.09e-05kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.00e-06kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803009

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 86>

Accession number:20190506448167
Title:Removal Characteristics of High Concentrations of Perchlorate Using a "Heterotrophic Sulfur Autotrophic" Combination Process
Authors:Liu, Ying-Nan (1); Tao, Hua-Qiang (1); Song, Yuan-Yuan (1); Zhang, Chun-Qing (1); Lu, Cai-Cai (1); Han, Yi (1); Li, Hai-Bo (1); Guo, Jian-Bo (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin; 300384, China 
Corresponding author:Guo, Jian-Bo(jianbguo@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5558-5564
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The heterotrophic-autotrophic reactor including two chambers, that is, the lower part of the heterotrophic zone and the upper part of the autotrophic zone, was used to remove highly concentrated perchlorate (ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup>) wastewater. The reduction characteristics of ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> and the effluent sulfur (SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>) concentration were investigated using different influent ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> concentrations and C/Cl ratios. By adjusting the influent C/Cl ratio from 2 to 1, the reactor was started up successfully within 36 d. The microorganisms tolerated the high concentration of ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> (250-400 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) and the ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> removal efficiency was higher than 95%. By adjusting the C/Cl ratio to 1.2, the ClO<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> load in the autotrophic zone was reduced and the SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> concentration in the effluent was controlled below 250 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>. The result show that tryptophan and tyrosine materials in soluble microbial products led to the TOC increase in the effluent of the autotrophic zone. The sludge yield was reduced because of heterotrophic and autotrophic processes. The alkalinity produced by the heterotrophic process was used as carbon source for the autotrophic process and to neutralize the acidity produced by the autotrophic process, representing the complementary function and avoiding the addition of alkalinity in the autotrophic process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Effluents
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Amino acids - Biomass - Inorganic compounds - pH - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Combination process - Heterotrophic process - Heterotrophic-sulfur autotrophic - Perchlorate - Removal characteristics - Removal efficiencies - Soluble microbial products - Sulfate
Classification code:452.3  Industrial Wastes - 801.1  Chemistry, General - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.50e-01kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.50e-01kg/m3 to 4.00e-01kg/m3, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804115

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 87>

Accession number:20190506448186
Title:Assessment of Medical Waste Disposal Technologies Based on the AHP
Authors:Xu, Xiao-Fang (1, 2); Tan, Quan-Yin (1, 2); Liu, Li-Li (1); Li, Jin-Hui (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education of China, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jin-Hui(jinhui@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5717-5722
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Five types of medical waste disposal technologies that are currently applied in our country were analyzed and compared such as the rotary kiln incineration method, pyrolysis method, high-temperature steam sterilization method, chemical disinfection method, and microwave disinfection method. The five methods were quantitatively evaluated and screened using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Based on this process, the ranking weights of optimal and suboptimal alternatives were studied using sensitivity analysis. The results show that the rotary kiln incineration and pyrolysis methods are presently the most widely used technologies for medical waste disposal in our country. The AHP shows that the comprehensive benefits of high-temperature steam sterilization in medical waste disposal are the best compared with the other four methods in terms of social, environmental, technological, and economic factors, followed by the chemical disinfection method. The sensitivity analysis shows that the change points of the guideline layer factors that lead to the change of the alternatives are the social factors (0.2100), environmental factors (0.3500), technical factors (0.1200), and economic factors (0.2400). Subcriteria factors have less influence on the weight ranking of the alternatives.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Waste incineration
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Disinfection - Hierarchical systems - Pyrolysis - Rotary kilns - Sensitivity analysis - Sterilization (cleaning) - Waste disposal
Uncontrolled terms:Analytical Hierarchy Process - Comprehensive benefit - Disinfection methods - Disposal techniques - Environmental factors - Medical waste disposals - Medical wastes - Quantitative evaluation
Classification code:452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 642.2  Industrial Furnaces and Components - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 921  Mathematics - 961  Systems Science
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801078

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 88>

Accession number:20190506448175
Title:Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk of Soil from Reclaimed Industrial Sites and Surrounding River Sediments
Authors:Wu, Jian (1); Wang, Min (1); Zhang, Hui-Peng (2); Huang, Yu-Chi (1); Xu, Zhi-Hao (3); Li, Qing-Qing (1); Chen, Hao (1); Huang, Shen-Fa (1, 3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai; 200233, China; (2) Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200433, China; (3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai; 201620, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, Shen-Fa(huangsf@saes.sh.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5620-5627
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg) in the soils from 53 reclaimed industrial sites and 23 river sediments in the Shanghai suburbs were determined using the Nemero pollution index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index (RI). The results show that the eight heavy metals exceed the secondary standard limits to different extents. The rate of standard excess is the most prominent for Cu and Zn; it accounts for 47.17% and 43.40%, respectively. The contents of heavy metals in the sediments from surrounding rivers are significantly lower than those in soil from reclaimed industrial sites. The comprehensive Nemero pollution index of heavy metals in reclaimed soil is 11.41, which represents a serious pollution level; Cu and Zn are the most prominent heavy metals. The Nemero pollution index of heavy metals in surrounding river sediments is 1.26, indicating slight pollution. Based on the single-potential ecological risk, the heavy metals at the reclaimed industrial sites all have a slightly latent ecological risk level, except for Cd (strong), Hg (strong), and Cu (moderate). The potential ecological RI is high (385.79). Heavy metals from the surrounding river sediments have a mild potential ecological risk level, except for Hg. Overall, the potential ecological level is mild (RI=83.91). In short, Cu and Zn are more prominent in reclaimed industrial soil. With respect to the toxic response factor, Cd and Hg should be focused on. The heavy metal pollution of surrounding river sediments is light, leading to a mild potential ecological risk level.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Heavy metals - Land reclamation - Reclamation - Rivers - Sediments - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological risks - Hakanson potential ecological risk indices - Heavy metal pollution - Industrial sites - Industrial soils - Nemero index - Potential ecological risk - Secondary standard
Classification code:442.2  Land Reclamation - 453  Water Pollution - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531  Metallurgy and Metallography
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.34e+01%, Percentage 4.72e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803116

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 89>

Accession number:20190506448097
Title:Response of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Composition to Different Hydrological Scenarios in Large Eutrophic Lake Taihu
Authors:Shi, Yu (1, 2); Zhou, Yong-Qiang (2, 3); Zhang, Yun-Lin (2, 3); Yao, Xiao-Long (2, 3); Huang, Chang-Chun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing; 210008, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Yun-Lin(ylzhang@niglas.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4915-4924
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a fraction of dissolved organic matter that can strongly absorb light in the ultraviolet and blue regions and plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Unraveling the sources, optical composition, and corresponding spatial variabilities of CDOM can improve our understanding of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling in lakes and lake water quality management. CDOM spectral absorption and fluorescent excitation-emission matrices were measured to investigate the compositional dynamics of CDOM under different hydrological scenarios. Our results showed that the mean value of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration of (8.11&plusmn;1.26) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> in the rainy season was significantly higher than that in the dry season (3.53&plusmn;1.19) mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (t-test, P&lt;0.01), whereas the mean spectral slope S<inf>275-295</inf>of (20.89&plusmn;1.90) &mu;m<sup>-1</sup> in the dry season was significantly greater than that in the rainy season (19.09&plusmn;1.81) &mu;m<sup>-1</sup> (t-test, P&lt;0.001). Three fluorescent components were identified using parallel factor analysis, and we further found that the dynamics of the three CDOM components were strongly influenced by hydrological conditions. Fluorescence intensity (F<inf>max</inf>) of the terrestrial humic-rich component C2 increased with increasing water levels and rainfall. Significant negative relationships were found between all three fluorescent components and dissolved oxygen (P&lt;0.01), suggesting that all three components served as important substrates for microbial processing. Significant positive relationships were found between the terrestrial humic-rich C2 and tryptophan-like C1 and chlorophyll-a and chemical oxygen demand, indicating that anthropogenic inputs and algal degradation contributed significantly to the CDOM pool in Lake Taihu. We further found a significant positive relationship between DOC concentration and F<inf>max</inf> of terrestrial humic-rich C2 (r<sup>2</sup>=0.58, P&lt;0.001), suggesting that DOC in Lake Taihu was primarily derived from allochthonous input.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:47
Main heading:Dissolved oxygen
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Biogeochemistry - Chemical oxygen demand - Dissolution - Drought - Factor analysis - Fluorescence - Lakes - Multivariant analysis - Nitrogen  - Organic carbon - Phosphorus - Quality management - Water conservation - Water levels - Water management - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Chromophoric dissolved organic matter - Excitation emission matrices - Lake taihu - Parallel factor analysis - Spectral absorptions
Classification code:444  Water Resources - 445.2  Water Analysis - 481.2  Geochemistry - 741.1  Light/Optics - 802.3  Chemical Operations - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 912.2  Management - 922  Statistical Methods - 922.2  Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201802003

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 90>

Accession number:20190506448127
Title:Effect of Particulate Organic Matter on Cadmium Uptake and Transport in Rice
Authors:Guo, Yi-Xuan (1, 2); Zhao, Xiu-Lan (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing; 400716, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Xiu-Lan(zxl@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5180-5188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects and mechanism of particulate organic matter (POM) on cadmium uptake of rice on purple paddy soil. Organic carbon content in soil and POM and Cd content in POM and rice were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of total soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), organic carbon in POM (POM-C), Cd in POM (POM-Cd), and the Cd enrichment factor in POM increased with the application of POM. When POM was applied at a rate of 2.5 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, the proportion of POM-C and POM-Cd in soil significantly increased. Application of POM also increased rice plant biomass and enhanced the accumulation of Cd in rice. The Cd content was reduced by 24%-42% in rice roots and increased by 9%-30% in rice shoots with POM application, whereas it was reduced by 17% and 36% in rice grains when the application of POM was 0.5 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup> and 1.0 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, but increased by 39% when the application of POM was 2.5 g&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>. Application of POM had no significant effect on the distribution of Cd in rice roots and shoots, but significantly affected the distribution of Cd in rice grains. The transportation of Cd from shoots to grains was inhibited at low rates of POM, but was promoted at high rates of POM, and consequently increased the Cd content in rice grains. Correlation analyses showed that the content of soil available Cd was the main factor affecting Cd accumulation in rice shoots, and the total content of POM-Cd in soil was the main factor affecting Cd accumulation in rice grains. Therefore, the addition of POM to soil could affect the Cd uptake of rice by changing the content of SOC, DOC, POM-C, POM-Cd, and available Cd in paddy soil.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Cadmium - Organic carbon - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Cadmiums (Cd) - Particulate organic matters - Purple paddy soils - Rice - Uptake
Classification code:461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 821.4  Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01% to 4.20e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+00% to 3.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201801107

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 91>

Accession number:20190506448169
Title:Optimization of the Flow Distribution Ratio and Mechanism of Nitrogen Removal in a Multi-level AO Coupled Flow Biochemical Process
Authors:Wang, Fan (1, 2); Li, Jun (1); Bian, Dei-Jun (2); Nie, Ze-Bing (2); Zhang, Li (2); Sun, Yi-Qi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Jilin Key Laboratory of Urban Sewage Treatment, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun; 130012, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Jun(bjutlijun@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5572-5579
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To explore the influence of the influent flow distribution ratio on the denitrification efficiency of low-temperature urban wastewater and analyze the denitrification of multi-level AO coupled flow biochemical process, three-level AO-coupled biofilm technology was used to treat simulated low-C/N urban sewage at a temperature of 10&#8451;&plusmn;1&#8451;, hydraulic retention time of 8 h, and constant air-water ratio. The reactors were operated under three conditions of inlet water ratios of 5:4:4 (equal volume load), 3:2:1 (equal hydraulic retention time), and 25:15:6 (equal sludge load). The study showed that the multi-level AO-coupled displacement biochemical process has a good removal efficiency with respect to low-temperature and low-C/N wastewater. The pollutant removal efficiency is the highest when the ratio of the influent is 3:2:1 and the average removal rates of COD, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N, and TN are 87.44%, 96.63%, and 76.81%, respectively. Further studies on the law of nitrogen migration and transformation showed that the main factors constraining the nitrogen removal under three conditions were the nitrification efficiency at each levels, the ratio of 3:2:1 influent reasonably distributing the influent load, and the nitrification efficiency at each level exceeding 85%, creating favorable conditions for denitrification and leading to a higher denitrification efficiency, while the system has the highest total biomass. The research results enrich the theory of multi-level AO cryogenic removal of nitrogen and provide references for engineering designs and applications.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Activated sludge process - Air - Biochemistry - Biofilms - Denitrification - Efficiency - Nitrification - Sewage - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Activated sludge - Biological denitrification - Coupling process - Denitrification efficiencies - Hydraulic retention time - Low temperatures - Pollutant removal efficiency - Removal efficiencies
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 462.5  Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 801.2  Biochemistry - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.68e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 8.74e+01%, Percentage 9.66e+01%, Time 2.88e+04s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805114

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 92>

Accession number:20190506448128
Title:Effect of Fertilizers on Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation by Sunflowers
Authors:Cao, Liu (1); Yang, Jun-Xing (2); Guo, Jin-Jun (3); Guo, Jun-Mei (2); Zheng, Guo-Di (2); Lu, Yi-Fu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Monitor and Remediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soils of Henan Province, Jiyuan; 459000, China; (2) Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (3) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot; 010051, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, Jun-Xing(yangajx@126.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5189-5197
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A pot experiment was conducted to assess the phytoextraction potential for cadmium (Cd) of three types of sunflowers (edible, ornamental, and oil sunflowers) and the effects of the application of N, NP, and NPK fertilizers on Cd uptake of the three plants using Cd-contaminated soils collected from northern China. The results showed that fertilization could significantly increase the biomass, aboveground Cd concentrations and accumulation of ornamental and oil sunflowers, and the effect of NPK fertilizer was significantly better than those of other treatments. Cd concentrations of the aboveground parts of edible, ornamental, and oil sunflowers were 6.89, 8.92, 6.97 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Fertilization treatment significantly improved the transport ability of Cd of the three types of sunflowers, and bioconcentration factors of edible, ornamental, and oil sunflowers were 2.63 (control) to 3.10 (NPK fertilizer), 2.80 (control) to 4.02 (NPK fertilizer), and 2.11 (control) to 3.14 (NPK fertilizer), respectively. The results further showed that the metal-enriched granules and cellular debris were the main enrichment sources in the subcellular fraction of the three types of sunflowers (more than 55%). In summary, sunflowers can be considered as plant material for remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. In addition, NPK fertilizers can effectively improve the efficiency of sunflowers.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Sunflower oil
Controlled terms:Bioaccumulation - Cadmium - Fertilizers - Remediation - Soil pollution - Soil pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Bio-concentration factors - Cd concentrations - Cd-contaminated soils - Farmland - NPK fertilizers - Subcellular fractions - Sunflowers - Uptake
Classification code:454.2  Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.9  Biology - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.3  Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 804  Chemical Products Generally - 804.1  Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.50e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804031

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 93>

Accession number:20190506448149
Title:Indirect Nitrous Oxide Emissions from an Agricultural Headwater Stream During the Rainy Season in the Upper Reach of the Yangtze River
Authors:Tian, Lin-Lin (1, 2, 3); Wang, Zheng (1, 2, 3); Zhu, Bo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu; 610041, China; (3) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China 
Corresponding author:Zhu, Bo(bzhu@imde.ac.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5391-5399
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Agricultural headwater streams have a close hydrologic connection with adjacent farmland ecosystems. Based on the aggravation of agricultural nonpoint source of nitrogen (N) pollution, these streams can become an important sink of N and source of indirect nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) emission. In this study, indirect N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from an agricultural headwater stream in the hilly area of purple soil in the upper reach of the Yangtze River were measured in situ using the closed static chamber-GC technique during the rainy season (June to September 2015). The results show that the headwater stream is a source of indirect N<inf>2</inf>O emissions, with a mean emission rate of 12.8 &mu;g&bull;(m<sup>2</sup>&bull;h)<sup>-1</sup>, which is close to the direct N<inf>2</inf>O emission level from local farmland during the same season. The indirect N<inf>2</inf>O emission factor (EF<inf>5r</inf>=0.01%) determined in this study is much lower than the default value proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (0.25%; IPCC, 2006) for the estimation of indirect agricultural N<inf>2</inf>O emissions and far lower than the recalculated mean value (0.20%) based on available global data. However, based on the limited number of studies on EF<inf>5r</inf> and the high spatial variations among them, more in situ observations are needed and vital to generate more accurate EF<inf>5r</inf> values and reduce the uncertainty of indirect N<inf>2</inf>O estimations calculated based on the EF<inf>5r</inf>. The indirect N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes are positively correlated with the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations of the stream. Thus, denitrification is the main process of N<inf>2</inf>O production. Moreover, the indirect N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes could be notably promoted by the rapid increase of the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations that were driven by rainfall&gt;9 mm during days with continuous rain.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Climate change - Denitrification - Ecosystems - Farms - Nitrates - Nitrogen oxides - Rain - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural nonpoint sources - Emission factors - Farmland ecosystem - Headwater stream - In-situ observations - Intergovernmental panel on climate changes - Nitrous oxide emissions - Spatial variations
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.3  Precipitation - 453  Water Pollution - 454.3  Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 821  Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e-01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804128

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 94>

Accession number:20190506448156
Title:Pollution Characteristic of Ni in Sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors:Zhang, Wei-Jie (1, 2, 3); Yin, Shu-Hua (1); Xu, Dong-Yu (1); Gao, Li (1); Gao, Bo (1, 2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Deportment of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China; (3) School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou; 450011, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Bo(gaobo@iwhr.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5464-5472
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has achieved the target of water storage of 175 m for eight consecutive years until October 2017. To study the temporal and spatial variation of nickel (Ni) in different water periods under 175 m operating conditions in the TGR area, probe the impact of a large-scale water conservancy project on the Ni enrichment, and establish the pollution evaluation system of Ni in the TGR area, we collected 173 surface sediment samples from the TGR area during four consecutive water periods from December 2015 to June 2017 and measured the Ni concentration by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean values of Ni in the four water periods are higher than the background value of Yangtze sediment and soil. At the spatial scale, the Ni content in the mainstream exhibits a clear upward trend from upstream to downstream and is lower than that of the tributary. The tributaries of the lower reaches shows a notably higher Ni content than the tributaries of the upper and middle reaches. At the temporal scale, the water period exerts an insignificant effect on the Ni content. The Ni content is relatively stable and shows a downward tendency at a 175 m water level. The regional geochemical baseline (RGB) value of Ni was obtained through building a geochemical baseline model in the area. The RGB values of Ni in sediments during four consecutive water periods are 47.0, 44.2, 42.9, and 41.9 mg&bull;kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The Ni contents in the middle and lower reaches of the mainstream and tributary are significantly affected by human activities. Moreover, the pollution evaluations based on global Ni background values, local background values, and geochemical baseline values as reference values were compared and the geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk of Ni were determined to comprehensively assess its pollution risk. The assessment data indicate that Ni in the aquatic environment of the TGR area is almost uncontaminated and poses a low ecological risk, except for samples in regions around Fengdu County and Guizhou Town in the Zigui County along the mainstream, which were uncontaminated to moderately contaminated. Relative to global and regional background values, the pollution assessment results obtained using the RGB as a reference value are more scientific and better match the temporal and spatial variation of the study area.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Digital storage - Geochemistry - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Nickel - Reservoirs (water) - Risk assessment - Sediments - Water levels - Water management - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Geo-accumulation index - Geochemical baseline - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries (ICPMS) - Large-scale water conservancy - Pollution assessment - Potential ecological risk - Temporal and spatial variation - Three gorges reservoir
Classification code:441.2  Reservoirs - 453  Water Pollution - 481.2  Geochemistry - 483  Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 548.1  Nickel - 722.1  Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 801  Chemistry - 914.1  Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.75e+02m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201712046

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 95>

Accession number:20190506448119
Title:Impacts of Sludge Characteristics on Anaerobic Digestion with Microwave Pretreatment and Archaeal Community Structure Analysis
Authors:Fang, Ping (1); Tang, An-Ping (1, 2); Fu, Xing-Min (3); Li, Wei (3); Wen, Yang (3); Tong, Juan (2); Wei, Yuan-Song (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an; 710048, China; (2) Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100085, China; (3) Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd., Beijing; 100044, China 
Corresponding author:Tong, Juan(hittj@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5108-5115
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Sludge characteristics is an important factor in sludge pretreatment and anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency. Therefore, waste sludge of anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A<sup>2</sup>O) and A<sup>2</sup>O-membrane bioreactor (MBR) wastewater treatment processes from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant were taken, and the variations of sludge characteristics and performance during microwave pretreatment and AD were compared. The succession of archaeal community structure during the sludge treatment was also investigated. A<sup>2</sup>O waste sludge showed better biodegradability than A<sup>2</sup>O-MBR waste sludge did, with 16.4% higher organic matter content (66.4% vs. 50.0%), soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1.24 fold), soluble protein (2.02 fold), and polysaccharides (4.84 fold). Although the efficiency of microwave pretreatment for A<sup>2</sup>O-MBR waste sludge was better than that for A<sup>2</sup>O waste sludge, the latter sludge produced 26.1% more methane than the former did. The two types of waste sludge showed different archaeal community structures. The abundances of Methanothrix and Methanosarcina in A<sup>2</sup>O-MBR waste sludge were 3.68% and 19.73% higher than that in A<sup>2</sup>O waste sludge. The richness and evenness of archaeal communities slightly changed after pretreatment, but significantly changed after AD. The Chao1 index increased by 54.0%-68.8% after AD, whereas the Pielou index decreased by 16.2%-34.6%. Redundancy analysis showed that the organic components of waste sludge contributed to the succession of archaeal community structure.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Sludge digestion
Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - Biodegradability - Biological materials - Bioreactors - Chemical oxygen demand - Efficiency - Microwaves - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Community structure analysis - Community structures - Microwave pretreatment - Sludge characteristics - Soluble chemical oxygen demands - Waste sludge - Wastewater treatment plants - Wastewater treatment process
Classification code:452.2  Sewage Treatment - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.2  Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8  Biotechnology - 711  Electromagnetic Waves - 801.2  Biochemistry - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.62e+01% to 3.46e+01%, Percentage 1.64e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 2.61e+01%, Percentage 3.68e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01% to 6.88e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803146

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 96>

Accession number:20190506448172
Title:Optimization of the Mainstream Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Process and Its Changes of the Microbial Community
Authors:Fu, Kun-Ming (1); Fu, Chao (1); Li, Hui (1); Jiang, Shan (1); Qiu, Fu-Guo (1); Cao, Xiu-Qin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Sino-Dutch R&amp;D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing; 100044, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5596-5604
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:The completely autotrophic ammonium removal over nitrite(CANON)biofilm reactor acclimated by high-strength ammonia wastewater was used to treat low-strength ammonia wastewater. The treatment can be divided into three stages: &#9312; the nitrogen removal efficiency of anaerobic ammonia oxidation was low during the continuous aeration stage with inorganic wastewater as raw water (0-59 d) and with an aeration amount of 30 mL&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> and ammonia concentration of 80 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> (until day 56), the TN removal load was only 0.13 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>; &#9313; during the continuous aeration stage with domestic wastewater as raw water (60-110 d), the addition of organic carbon improved the TN removal load to 0.22 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> on day 79; the removal rate of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N then reached 100% when the aeration volume improved to 100 mL&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> on day 103; however, the TN removal efficiency and TN removal load decreased to 42.36% and 0.14 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. &#9314; To increase both the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N and TN removal efficiency during the intermittent aeration stage with domestic wastewater as raw water (110-160 d), the aeration amount was increased to 50 mL&bull;min<sup>-1</sup>, while aeration was continued for 30 min and was stopped for the next 30 min; on day 131, the NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N removal efficiency increased to 86.34%, the TN removal efficiency and removal load reached 85.87% and 0.3 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> respectively; on day 141, the aeration was increased to 100 mL&bull;min<sup>-1</sup> and the removal efficiency of NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N reached 100%, while the removal efficiency and removal load of TN were 64.28% and 0.22 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, indicating that the intermittent aeration strategy effectively improves the nitrogen removal performance of the CANON reactor. To analyze the variation of the microbial community during different stages, the samples of three stages (0, 56, and 152 d) were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that: &#9312;Candidatus Brocadia is less affected than Candidatus Kuenenia during the low-strength ammonia stages with inorganic and domestic wastewater as raw water; &#9313;Nitrosominas and Nitrospira were the dominant bacteria of AOB(ammonia oxidizing bacteria) and NOB (nitrite oxidizing bacteria), respectively. Domestic wastewater had a greater impact on Nitrosomonas than on Nitrospira; &#9314; Denitrifying bacteria were present during the whole stage; Pseudomonas and Paracoccus were the most adaptable, even though their relative abundances during each stage were below 0.5%.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Water aeration
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Bacteria - Denitrification - Efficiency - Nitrogen removal - Organic carbon - Oxidation - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium removal - ANAMMOX - Denitrifying bacteria - Domestic wastewater - Intermittent aeration
Classification code:445.1  Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4  Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 8.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 4.24e+01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Percentage 6.43e+01%, Percentage 8.59e+01%, Percentage 8.63e+01%, Time 1.80e+03s
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201805164

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 97>

Accession number:20190506448170
Title:High-rate Nitrogen Removal in a Two-stage Partial Nitritation-ANAMMOX Process under Mainstream Conditions
Authors:Liu, Wen-Ru (1); Yang, Dian-Hai (2); Shen, Yao-Liang (1); Wang, Jian-Fang (1); Wu, Peng (1); Qian, Fei-Yue (1); Chen, Chong-Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China 
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5580-5586
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:A two-stage partial nitritation (PN)-ANAMMOX process was successfully carried out for low-strength NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N (50 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) wastewater treatment at ambient/low temperatures. The results show that an average total nitrogen removal rate and removal efficiency above 0.6 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>and 80% could be maintained, respectively, at temperatures between 20&#8451; and 14&#8451;. The two-stage PN-ANAMMOX process was successful both under NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N-limited and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N-limited conditions. When the two-stage PN-ANAMMOX process was operated under NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N-limited conditions, the "limit of technology" for nitrogen removal (TN&lt;3 mg&bull;L<sup>-1</sup>) could be easily achieved by following anoxic denitrification. Lowering the temperature to 12&#8451; resulted in the reduction of the total nitrogen removal rate to ~0.5 kg&bull;(m<sup>3</sup>&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>. Due to the low temperature, the anammox reaction became the rate-limiting step for nitrogen removal, while the PN reaction was not impacted. In the temperature range of 10-20&#8451;, the activity-temperature coefficients (&theta;) of the PN granules and ANAMMOX sludge were 1.056 and 1.172, respectively, suggesting that the anammox bacteria have a higher temperature sensitivity than the ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Overall, the results clearly indicate that the nitrogen removal loading rate of the two-stage PN-ANAMMOX process is mainly controlled by the activity and quantity of anammox biomass. In contrast, the process nitrogen removal efficiency mainly depends on the performance of the first-stage PN (i.e., effluent NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup>-N/NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N ratio and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentration) under a constant nitrogen removal loading rate (no overload). Based on these results, a hierarchically separate control strategy was proposed to obtain a high-rate nitrogen removal during the two-stage mainstream PN-ANAMMOX process.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen removal
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Efficiency - Effluents - Nitrogen oxides - Process control - Sewage - Temperature - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium oxidizing bacteria - ANAMMOX - Biological nitrogen removal - Low temperatures - Nitrogen removal efficiency - Partial nitritation - Temperature coefficient - Temperature sensitivity
Classification code:452  Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 641.1  Thermodynamics - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 913.1  Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 5.00e-02kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804217

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 98>

Accession number:20190506448141
Title:Analysis of Different Particle Sizes, Pollution Characteristics, and Sources of Atmospheric Aerosols During the Spring Dust Period in Beijing
Authors:Yang, Yang (1); Li, Xing-Ru (1, 2); Chen, Xi (1); Liu, Shui-Qiao (3); Liu, Yu-Si (1); Xu, Jing (3); Wang, Li-Li (4); Tao, Ming-Hui (5); Wang, Ge-Hui (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai; 200241, China; (3) College of Resource, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing; 100048, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100029, China; (5) School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ge-Hui(wanggh@ieecas.cn)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:12
Issue date:December 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5315-5322
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:To understand the evolution of the physical and chemical properties of dust aerosols in the atmosphere, the concentrations and chemical compositions of differently sized particles were continuously observed and analyzed using an ion chromatograph and carbonaceous analyzer during the outbreak of dust in May 2017 in Beijing. The concentrations of total suspended particulate (TSP), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental carbon (EC), OC, and water-soluble inorganic ions were (2237.59&plusmn;681.49), (29.90&plusmn;18.05), (1.46&plusmn;3.05), (67.35&plusmn;29.07), and (136.75&plusmn;46.38) &mu;g&bull;m<sup>-3</sup>during the dust period, respectively, and significantly exceeded that of the non-dust period, except for EC. The Na<sup>+</sup>, NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>, and WSOC concentrations during the dust storm period were 11.55, 3.00, 14.88, 14.89, 9.40, 4.60, 2.40, 3.91, and 1.83 times higher than that during the non-dust period. The growth of crustal ions, such as Ca<sup>2+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>, was notably the largest and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> were minimal. The size distribution indicates that crustal ions primarily occur in the coarse mode during the whole sampling campaign. The SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> ions are slightly bimodal during the dust storm, with a dominant peak in the coarse mode at 4.7-5.8 &mu;m and a very minor peak in the fine mode with a size range of 0.43-0.65 &mu;m. During the non-dust period, SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> is the dominant mode in the fine mode, while NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>changes little compared with that during the dust period, which indicates that heterogeneous reaction with crustal ions is the main formation mechanism of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> in the coarse mode. A significant positive correlation was observed between SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> and the sum of crustal ions during the dust period, indicating that the source of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> during the dust period is remote transmission of the dust storm. During the non-dust period, the positive correlation of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup> with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> indicates that secondary formation is the main source of SO<inf>4</inf><sup>2-</sup>. Based on correlation analysis of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> with crustal ions and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>, both remote transmission and secondary formation are the sources of NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup> during the dust storm and heterogeneous reactions are predominant during the non-dust period.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Air pollution
Controlled terms:Atmospheric aerosols - Chemical analysis - Dust - Ions - Organic carbon - Particle size analysis - Storms
Uncontrolled terms:Backward trajectory - Different particle sizes - Meteorological condition - Physical and chemical properties - Total suspended particulates - Water soluble inorganic ions - Water-soluble ions - Water-soluble organic carbon
Classification code:443.1  Atmospheric Properties - 443.3  Precipitation - 451  Air Pollution - 451.1  Air Pollution Sources - 804.1  Organic Compounds - 951  Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Size 4.30e-07m to 6.50e-07m, Size 4.70e-06m to 5.80e-06m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201804237

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 99>

Accession number:20190506448103
Title:Vertical Spatial Distribution of Denitrification Intensity in the Vadose Zone of Typical Sections of Chaobai River Alluvial Fan
Authors:Geng, Hong-Zhi (1); Huan, Huan (2); Li, Ming-Xiao (2); Zhang, Ying (1); Cong, Hui (3); Xi, Bei-Dou (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Earthquake Science, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Langfang; 065201, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing; 100012, China; (3) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an; 710054, China 
Corresponding author:Huan, Huan(hhuan0825@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:4972-4980
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:In this study, the Chaobai River alluvial fan area, Beijing City, was chosen as the study area, and two typical profiles (S6 and S8) were selected to determine the denitrification intensity value of the vadose zone at different sampling depths (0-10 m). The vertical spatial distribution of denitrification in the vadose zone was analyzed, and the influencing factors of the vertical distribution of denitrification strength in the aeration zone were identified. The results showed that the NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N concentrations in the denitrification process of soil samples in different vadose zones experienced three main stages: rising, falling, and rising. The vadose zone denitrification intensities in S6 and S8 ranged from 0.002 6 to 0.018 5 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.001 7 to 0.023 3 mg&bull;(kg&bull;d)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. That the overall denitrification intensity was low. The denitrification intensity of the vertical space showed an "S"-type trend. The main controlling factors for denitrification intensity in S6 and S8 vadose zones included clay, nitrate, and nitrite and showed significant correlations with the diversity of microorganisms, such as the ACE and Shannon indices, and the nitrate reductase (nirK) gene of denitrifying bacteria at a certain depth range.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Denitrification
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Groundwater - Nitrates - Rivers - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Denitrification process - Denitrifying bacteria - Influencing factor - Main controlling factors - Nitrate reductase - Vadose Zone - Vertical distributions - Vertical spatial distributions
Classification code:444.2  Groundwater - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 804.2  Inorganic Compounds - 921  Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e+01m
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201803015

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 100>

Accession number:20190506448123
Title:Degradation of α-HCH in Soil Washing Solutions with nZVI and CaO<inf>2</inf>
Authors:Yao, Jing-Bo (1); Zhou, Jie (1); Wang, Ming-Xin (1); Xun, Zhi-Xiang (1); Xue, Jin-Juan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental &amp; Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, Ming-Xin(wmxcau@163.com)
Source title:Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Abbreviated source title:Huanjing Kexue
Volume:39
Issue:11
Issue date:November 15, 2018
Publication year:2018
Pages:5142-5150
Language:Chinese
ISSN:02503301
CODEN:HCKHDV
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Science Press
Abstract:Nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) and CaO<inf>2</inf> were used to construct a heterogeneous Fenton-like system to degrade &alpha;-hexachlorocyclohexane (&alpha;-HCH) in soil solution, and the degradation efficiency and mechanism were investigated. The results showed that nZVI/CaO<inf>2</inf> can degrade &alpha;-HCH in an extensive pH range. When the dosage of nZVI and CaO<inf>2</inf> was 1 g&bull;L<sup>-1</sup> and pH was 5, the degradation rate of &alpha;-HCH reached 93.23%. The degradation process of nZVI, CaO<inf>2</inf>, and nZVI/CaO<inf>2</inf> treatments accorded with the first-order reaction kinetics model. The reaction rate constant of nZVI/CaO<inf>2</inf> was greater than the sum of individual treatments, showing that nZVI/CaO<inf>2</inf> has a synergistic effect on the degradation of &alpha;-HCH. Through quenching free radical experiments, the contribution rate of superoxide radicals was shown to be greater than that of hydroxyl radicals. Intermediates, including trichlorobenzene and chlorobenzene, were detected. The content of trichlorobenzene showed a sharp increase initially, and then decreased quickly. The chlorobenzene content was low and showed little change. The &alpha;-HCH in the soil washing solution was first reduced to trichlorobenzene, which was further reduced to chlorobenzene or mineralized into CO<inf>2</inf> and water directly.<br/> &copy; 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.
Number of references:46
Main heading:Calcium compounds
Controlled terms:Degradation - Free radical reactions - Free radicals - Leaching - Oxidation - Rate constants - Soil moisture - Soils - Washing
Uncontrolled terms:CaO2 - Degradation efficiency - Fenton likes - First order reactions - Heterogeneous fenton - Hexachlorocyclohexanes - Nano zero-valent irons - Nanoscale zero-valent iron
Classification code:483.1  Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.2  Chemical Reactions - 802.3  Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.20e-02kg/m3, Percentage 9.32e+01%
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201709252

Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

 

 

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