| 紫色土硝化势和氨氧化微生物群落对化肥和有机肥配施生物炭的响应 |
| 摘要点击 1093 全文点击 327 投稿时间：2022-11-22 修订日期：2023-01-31 |
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| 中文关键词 生物炭 有机肥 紫色土 硝化势 氨氧化微生物 |
| 英文关键词 biochar manure purple soil nitrification potential ammonia oxidizing microorganism |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李越 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400715 | ly417375272@163.com | | 王子芳 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400715 | | | 贾丽娟 | 重庆市规划与自然资源局九龙坡区分局, 重庆 400051 | | | 谢军 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400715 | | | 熊子怡 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400715 | | | 高明 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
重庆市三峡库区农业面源污染控制工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400715 | gaoming@swu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 研究有机肥和化肥配施生物炭对紫色土硝化势和氨氧化微生物变化特征的影响，探明施肥措施和土壤环境因子对硝化势和氨氧化微生物的影响.以紫色土为研究对象，设置不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（F）、单施有机肥（P）、化肥配施生物炭（FP）和有机肥配施生物炭（PP）共5个处理.采取PCR和T-RFLP方法研究土壤AOA和AOB群落特征，同时测定土壤硝化势及环境因子，明确有机肥配施生物炭对紫色土硝化潜势的影响.结果表明：①与CK处理相比，FP和PP处理显著增加土壤硝化势（P<0.05）.②与CK处理相比，F、P、FP和PP处理显著增加土壤AOA amoA基因拷贝数78.17%~162.22%（P<0.05），F、FP和PP处理显著增加AOB amoA基因拷贝数21.56%~78.32%（P<0.05）.③与CK处理相比，PP处理显著提高土壤AOA群落的Shannon指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数（P<0.05），而配施生物炭（FP和PP处理）能改变土壤AOB的群落结构.④化肥和有机肥通过改变pH、TP、AP、C/N、SOM、NO3--N和NH4+-N等土壤性质，从而影响AOA和AOB群落结构.⑤逐步回归分析进一步表明AOB amoA基因丰度是影响土壤硝化势的主要因素.因此，化肥和有机肥配施生物炭的条件下，AOB群落是酸性紫色土中氨氧化过程的主要驱动者，施肥通过调控紫色土C/N和NO3--N影响氨氧化过程. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The effects of manure and chemical fertilizer combined with biochar on nitrification potential and ammonia oxidation microbial change characteristics of purple soils were studied to explore the effects of fertilization measures and soil environmental factors on nitrification potential and ammonia oxidation microbial change characteristics. In this study, purple soil was taken as the research object, and five treatments were set up:no fertilizer(CK), chemical fertilizer(F), manure(P), chemical fertilizer plus biochar(FP), and manure plus biochar(PP). PCR and T-RFLP methods were used to study the characteristics of soil AOA and AOB communities, and soil nitrification potential and environmental factors were measured at the same time to determine the effect of manure combined with biochar on the nitrification potential of purple soil. The results showed that:① compared with that in the CK treatment, the FP and PP treatments significantly increased soil nitrification potential(P<0.05). ② Compared with that in the CK treatment, the F, P, FP, and PP treatments significantly increased the number of copies of the AOA amoA gene in the soil by 78.17%-162.22%(P<0.05), and the F, FP, and PP treatments significantly increased the number of copies of the AOB amoA gene by 21.56%-78.32%(P<0.05). ③ Compared with that in the CK treatment, the PP treatment significantly improved the Shannon, richness, and evenness indices of the soil AOA community(P<0.05), and the combination of biochar(FP and PP treatments) could change the community structure of the soil AOB. ④ The chemical fertilizer and manure affected the AOA and AOB community structure by changing soil properties such as pH, TP, AP, C/N, SOM, NO3--N, and NH4+-N. ⑤ Stepwise regression analysis further showed that AOB amoA gene abundance was the main factor affecting soil nitrification potential. Therefore, under the condition that chemical fertilizer and manure were applied together with biochar, the AOB community was the main driver of the ammonia oxidation process in acidic purple soil, and fertilization affected the ammonia oxidation process by regulating C/N and NO3--N. |
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