| 湘东北典型河源区土壤重金属分布特征、来源解析及潜在生态风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1205 全文点击 471 投稿时间：2022-09-15 修订日期：2022-11-07 |
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| 中文关键词 河源区 土壤重金属 分布特征 潜在生态风险 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 river source area soil heavy metals distribution characteristic potential ecological risk source analysis |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 水源地土壤环境质量状况关乎其流域内居民生命健康安全，是生态环境保护研究中的热点科学问题.选择湘东北典型河源区，采集表层土壤样品共87件，通过GIS技术和潜在生态风险指数法研究了土壤重金属（Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg和As）的空间分布特征和潜在生态风险，并采用多元统计分析和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型解释了其可能来源和贡献率.结果表明：①湘东北典型河源区土壤呈酸性，土壤重金属ω（Cd）、ω（Pb）、ω（Cr）、ω（Hg）和ω（As）平均值分别为0.20、41.07、130.51、0.29和11.63mg ·kg-1，对标背景值，除As外均有富集；②土壤重金属综合潜在生态风险为中等风险等级，其中Cr、Pb和As为轻微风险等级，Cd和Hg均为强风险等级；③土壤Cd和Pb具有同源性，主要来源于农业活动，Cr和As受生活垃圾排放和自然母质的双重影响，Hg主要来源于化石燃烧及交通运输；④生活垃圾排放源、自然母质源、化石燃烧及交通运输源和农业活动源对湘东北典型河源区土壤重金属的贡献率分别为21.36%、35.92%、19.30%和23.42%，人为源贡献率大于自然源.研究结果对湘东北典型河源区的污染防治、生态修复和美丽乡村建设具有参考价值. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil environmental quality in water source areas related to the residents' life, health and safety, has been the hotspot issues in science of ecological environment protection. A total of 87 surface soil samples were collected from typical river source areas in northeastern Hunan Province, using GIS technique and potential ecological risk assessment index to study the spatial distribution characteristics and Potential ecological risk of soil heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg and As), and the means of multivariate statistical analysis and positive definite matrix factor analysis models (PMF) were used to explain the possible sources and its contribution rates of heavy metals. The results show that:① The soil located in the typical river source area of northeastern Hunan Province was acidic, and the meant of ω(Cd), ω(Pb), ω(Cr), ω(Hg), and ω(As) in soil was 0.20, 41.07, 130.51, 0.29, and 11.63mg·kg-1, respectively. And except As, all of them had enrichment tendency. ② The comprehensive potential ecological risk of soil heavy metals was at a medium level, among which Cr, Pb and As were at a slight level of potential ecological risk, and Cd and Hg all reached a strong level of risk. ③ Cd and Pb of soil had significant homology, which were derived from agricultural activity, Cr and As of soil were affected by both domestic waste discharge and natural parent material, and Hg of soil was mainly derived from fossil combustion and transportation. ④ There were four pollution sources which included household waste discharge source, natural parent material source, Fossil burning and transportation sources, as well as sources of agricultural activities in typical river source area in northeastern Hunan Province, which contributed the rates of heavy metals were 21.36%, 35.92%, 19.30% and 23.42%, respectively, and the contribution rate of man-made sources was higher than that of natural sources. To sum up, this study has reference value for pollution prevention, ecological restoration and beautiful village construction in river source area of northeastern Hunan Province. |
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