| 2017~2020年长江流域水体污染物通量时空变化特征分析 |
| 摘要点击 1862 全文点击 466 投稿时间：2022-09-26 修订日期：2022-10-25 |
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| 中文关键词 长江流域 污染物浓度 通量 时空变化 相关性 |
| 英文关键词 Yangtze River Basin concentration of pollutants flux spatiotemporal variation correlation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于2017~2020年长江流域重要水系节点各污染物监测数据,在时空尺度下开展对长江流域干、支流水系通量变化规律的研究,从断面水量和水质及通量等方面分析其空间变化响应、年际变化趋势和通量相关性关系分析,揭示长江流域上游、中游和下游污染物通量时空贡献特征.结果表明,4年来长江流域主要污染物浓度整体呈下降趋势,总磷(TN)和氨氮(NH+4-N)浓度下降较为明显,干流总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)浓度均在空间分布上呈现自西向东逐渐增高趋势,上中下游高锰酸盐指数在2017~2020年分别下降18.5%、16.0%和14.0%,以上游下降幅度最高.径流量空间分布年均值从466亿m3显著增大到9923亿m3,支流河湖水系中两湖流域水量贡献最大,主要污染物中高锰酸盐指数、总磷(TP)和总氮(TN)通量年均呈现先增后减的趋势,岷沱江、嘉陵江和中游两湖地区污染物通量对入江贡献较大,不同区域水环境下通量存在差异性.相关性和层次聚类分析结果表明,高锰酸盐指数和总磷(TP)通量与水量呈极显著性相关,通量关系间生化需氧量(BOD5)与总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和化学需氧量(COD)有显著相关性,主要污染物在汛期和非汛期差异性较强,在7~9月汛期反应强烈.研究结果可为长江流域水环境统筹管理与精准化防治等方面提供科学依据与理论支持. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on the monitoring data of various pollutants at important water system points in the Yangtze River Basin from 2017 to 2020, research on the flux change law of the main and tributary water systems in the Yangtze River Basin was carried out at the spatiotemporal scale, and the spatial change response, interannual change trend, and flux correlation analysis were analyzed from the aspects of water quantity, quality, and flux so as to reveal the spatial-temporal contribution characteristics of pollutant flux in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The results showed that over the past four years, the concentration of major pollutants in the Yangtze River Basin showed an overall downward trend. The concentration of total phosphorus (TP) and ammonia (NH+4-N) decreased significantly. The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the main stream gradually increased from west to east. The annual concentration of permanganate index in the upper, middle, and lower reaches decreased by 18.5%, 16.0%, and 14.0%, respectively, from 2017 to 2020, with the highest decline in the upper reaches. The four-year average value of the spatial distribution of runoff significantly increased from 466×108 m3 to 9923×108 m3. The two lake basins in the tributary river lake water system had the largest contribution to the water volume. The fluxes of permanganate index, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) among the main pollutants showed an annual increase and then decrease trend. The pollutant fluxes in the Minjiang River, Tuojiang River, Jialing River, and the middle reaches of the two lakes contributed greatly to the river inflow. There were differences in fluxes in different regional water environments. The results of correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the permanganate index and TP fluxes were highly significantly correlated with water volume, and there was a significant correlation between biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The main pollutants showed strong differences in the flood and non-flood periods and had a significant response in the flood season from July to September. The research results can provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the integrated management and precise prevention and control of the aquatic environment in the Yangtze River Basin. |
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