| 秸秆与脱硫石膏配施改良黄河三角洲盐碱地的理化性质 |
| 摘要点击 1404 全文点击 400 投稿时间：2022-08-05 修订日期：2022-10-15 |
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| 中文关键词 盐碱土改良 脱硫石膏 秸秆 黄河三角洲 土壤理化性质 |
| 英文关键词 saline-alkali soil improvement desulphurized gypsum straw Yellow River Delta physical and chemical properties of soil |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵惠丽 | 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院, 滨海生态水文过程与环境安全实验室, 烟台 264025 | hlzhao@ldu.edu.cn | | 于金艺 | 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院, 滨海生态水文过程与环境安全实验室, 烟台 264025 | | | 刘涛 | 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院, 滨海生态水文过程与环境安全实验室, 烟台 264025 | | | 王丽 | 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院, 滨海生态水文过程与环境安全实验室, 烟台 264025 | | | 赵英 | 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院, 滨海生态水文过程与环境安全实验室, 烟台 264025 | yzhaosoils@gmail.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探索秸秆与脱硫石膏配施改良滨海盐渍化土壤效果，以黄河三角洲地区碱化盐土为研究对象，通过田间小区试验，设置对照（CK）、脱硫石膏（DG）、中量秸杆（MS）、脱硫石膏+低量秸秆（DGLS）、脱硫石膏+中量秸秆（DGMS）和脱硫石膏+高量秸秆（DGHS）共6个处理，结合团聚体分级法比较不同处理下滨海盐碱化土壤容重、总孔隙度、pH、可溶性盐含量、微生物量碳、溶解性有机碳、新碳和团聚体有机碳的变化.结果发现，MS和DGHS处理显著降低了土壤容重，增加了土壤总孔隙度、含水率和平均重量直径；各处理下土壤pH和碱化度均显著降低，且无显著性差异；DG处理显著降低了土壤钠吸附比，与MS处理相比，DGLS、DGMS和DGHS处理的土壤钠吸附比有进一步降低的趋势，降幅范围为57%~66%.DGLS、DGMS和DGHS处理的土壤可溶性Na+分别较MS降低27.92%、32.23%和20.15%，而可溶性Ca2+和SO42-含量显著增加；与CK相比，各处理均能显著降低Cl-含量，且各处理间差异不显著.与MS相比，DGMS和DGHS处理微生物量碳和溶解性有机碳则分别显著提高113%、147%和22.81%、28.24%.DGLS、DGMS和DGHS处理新碳形成较MS分别增加67%、114%和175%.DGLS、DGMS和DGHS处理的细大团聚体粒级比例平均值较MS处理提高29.12%；秸秆还田和脱硫石膏施用使盐渍化土壤粗大团聚体和细大团聚体粒级有机碳含量增加最多.DGMS和DGHS处理的粗大团聚体和细大团聚体粒级中新碳形成平均值较MS处理分别提高233%和142%.脱硫石膏施入土壤不会导致土壤重金属污染，不同处理的土壤重金属含量都低于土壤环境质量标准的二级标准.研究结果可为黄河三角洲滨海盐碱土改良利用以及工农业废弃物综合利用提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the effect of combining straw and desulphurized gypsum on improving coastal saline-alkali soil, taking the alkaline saline soil in the Yellow River Delta as the research object, six treatments including the control (CK), desulphurized gypsum (DG), medium straw amount (MS), desulphurized gypsum+low straw amount (DGLS), desulphurized gypsum+medium straw amount (DGMS), and desulphurized gypsum+high straw amount (DGHS) were set up through a field location experiment. Combined with the aggregate classification method, the changes in bulk density, total porosity, pH, soluble salt content, microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon, new carbon, and aggregate organic carbon of coastal saline alkali soil under different treatments were compared. The results showed that the MS and DGHS treatments significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased soil total porosity, water content, and average weight diameter. The pH and exchange sodium percentage decreased significantly under all treatments, and there was no significant difference. DG treatment significantly reduced the soil sodium adsorption ratio. Compared with that in the MS treatment, the soil sodium adsorption ratio of DGLS, DGMS, and DGHS showed a further decreasing trend, with a decrease range of 57%-66%. Compared with MS, soil soluble Na+ decreased by 27.92%, 32.23%, and 20.15% under the DGLS, DGMS, and DGHS treatments, whereas the soil soluble Ca2+ and SO42- contents increased significantly. Compared with that in CK, all treatments could significantly reduce Cl- content, and there was no significant difference among all treatments. Compared with that in MS, microbial biomass carbon and dissolved organic carbon were significantly increased by 113% and 147% by DGMS and 22.81% and 28.24% by DGHS, respectively. The new carbon formation of DGLS, DGMS, and DGHS was 67%, 114%, and 175% higher than that of MS, respectively. The average size proportion of fine aggregates treated by DGLS, DGMS, and DGHS was 29.12% higher than that treated by MS. Straw returning and application of desulfurized gypsum increased the organic carbon content of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in salinized soil. The average value of new carbon formation in coarse aggregates and fine aggregates treated by DGMS and DGHS was 233% and 142% higher than that treated by MS, respectively. Desulphurized gypsum applied to soil did not lead to soil heavy metal pollution, and the soil heavy metal content of different treatments was lower than the secondary standard of the soil environmental quality standard. These results can provide scientific basis for the improvement and utilization of coastal saline-alkali soil and the comprehensive utilization of industrial and agricultural wastes in the Yellow River Delta. |
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