| 嘉陵江不同干扰断面河道沉积物细菌群落多样性 |
| 摘要点击 1524 全文点击 389 投稿时间：2022-08-10 修订日期：2022-09-17 |
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| 中文关键词 嘉陵江 干扰断面 沉积物 细菌群落 功能预测 |
| 英文关键词 Jialing River interference section sediment bacterial community functional prediction |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究不同人为扰动对自然河流生态环境的影响，以嘉陵江河道沉积物细菌群落为研究对象，利用高通量测序技术分析工程干扰、支流干扰、采砂干扰、垦殖干扰和无干扰断面河道沉积物细菌的群落组成和功能变化.结果表明，嘉陵江不同干扰断面河道沉积物理化性质和细菌群落多样性均具有显著差异（P<0.05）.无干扰断面细菌群落多样性最高，同时，采砂干扰和无干扰断面细菌群落均匀度最高，而支流干扰和垦殖干扰均导致细菌群落多样性和均匀度降低.工程干扰对细菌群落组成的影响显著区别于其他4种干扰断面.细菌优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi），优势菌纲为γ-变形菌纲（γ-Proteobacteria）、α-变形菌纲（α-Proteobacteria）和Vicinamibacteria纲.采砂干扰导致放线菌门增加，工程干扰促进了酸杆菌门的增加.含水率、有机碳、总氮和总磷是影响沉积物微生物群落变化的主要环境因子.细菌群落主要涉及新陈代谢、遗传信息处理、环境信息处理和细胞过程这4类一级代谢功能，全局及概要图、碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢、辅助因子和维生素的代谢和能量代谢功能等18类二级代谢功能.人为干扰导致能量代谢、辅助因子和维生素代谢、核苷酸代谢、复制和修复和翻译等功能发生显著变化（P<0.05）.综上所述，人为干扰导致细菌群落多样性和功能发生异变，破坏了嘉陵江沉积物微生物群落结构的稳定性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the impact of different anthropogenic disturbances on the ecological environment of natural rivers, the bacterial community in the channel sediments of the Jialing River was taken as the research object, and the high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze the community composition and functional changes of bacteria in the channel sediments of rivers with engineering disturbance, tributary disturbance, sand mining disturbance, reclamation disturbance, and undisturbed section. The results showed that there were significant differences in the physical and chemical properties of channel sediments and bacterial community diversity in different disturbance sections of the Jialing River (P<0.05). The undisturbed section had the highest bacterial community diversity, whereas the sand mining disturbance and undisturbed section had the highest bacterial community uniformity, and tributary disturbance and reclamation disturbance both resulted in a decrease in bacterial community diversity and uniformity. The effect of engineering disturbance on bacterial community composition was significantly different from that of the other four disturbance sections. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, and Chloroflexi, and the dominant bacterial classes were γ-Proteobacteria, α-Proteobacteria, and Vicinamibacteria. Sand mining disturbance led to the increase in Actinobacteria, and engineering disturbance promoted the increase in Acidobacteria. Moisture content, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting the changes in sediment microbial communities. The bacterial communities mainly involved four categories of primary metabolic functions, including metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, and cellular processes, and 18 categories of secondary metabolic functions, such as global and overview maps, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and energy metabolism. Human interference led to significant changes in energy metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, replication and repair, and translation (P<0.05). In conclusion, anthropogenic disturbance led to the mutation of bacterial community diversity and function, which destroyed the stability of the microbial community structure in Jialing River sediments. |
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