| 生物炭对热带地区辣椒种植土壤N2O排放及其功能基因的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1495 全文点击 467 投稿时间：2022-07-11 修订日期：2022-08-26 |
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| 中文关键词 生物炭 辣椒产量 N2O排放 功能基因 动态变化 |
| 英文关键词 biochar pepper yield N2O emission functional gene dynamic change |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈绮琦 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | chairqi@126.com | | 王紫君 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 陈云忠 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 王誉琴 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 朱启林 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 胡天怡 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 胡煜杰 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | | | 伍延正 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | wyz198712@163.com | | 孟磊 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | menglei@hainanu.edu.cn | | 汤水荣 | 海南大学热带作物学院, 海口 570228 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 生物炭具有一定的增产和减少N2 O排放效果,但关于其相关氮循环微生物作用的动态变化过程了解较少.为探明热带地区生物炭的增产减排效应潜力及相关微生物动态作用机制,通过辣椒盆栽试验对比添加生物炭(B)、常规施肥(CON)和不施氮(CK)处理对辣椒产量、氧化亚氮(N2 O)的排放及相关功能基因丰度的影响.结果表明,CON处理产量高于CK处理;与CON处理相比,生物炭显著增加辣椒产量18.0%(P<0.05),添加生物炭在辣椒生长的大部分时期增加土壤NH+4-N和NO-3-N含量;在辣椒的生长周期内,相比CON处理,生物炭处理显著减少土壤N2 O累积排放量18.3%(P<0.05).N2 O排放通量与氨氧化古菌(AOA)和氨氧化细菌(AOB)的amoA基因丰度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);与nosZ基因丰度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),表明N2 O排放可能主要来自反硝化过程;在辣椒生长初期,生物炭处理通过降低(nirK+nirS)/nosZ值显著降低N2 O的排放,而在辣椒生长后期B处理的(nirK+nirS)/nosZ值高于CON处理导致其N2 O通量高于CON处理.因此,添加生物炭不仅能够达到使热带地区蔬菜增产的效果,同时也减少N2 O的排放量,可以作为海南等热带地区土壤地力提升的新策略. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Biochar application may mitigate N2O emissions and increase crop yield, yet little is known about microbial dynamics variation. To investigate the potential of increasing yield and reducing emissions of biochar in tropical areas and the dynamic mechanism of related microorganisms, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the biochar application on pepper yield, N2O emissions, and dynamic variation of related microorganisms. Three treatments were applied:2% biochar amendment (B), conventional fertilization (CON), and no nitrogen (CK). The results showed that the yield of the CON treatment was higher than that of the CK treatment. Compared with that of the CON treatment, biochar amendment significantly increased the yield of pepper by 18.0% (P<0.05), and biochar amendment could increase the content of NH+4-N and NO-3-N in soil in most periods of pepper growth. Compared with that in the CON treatment, the B treatment significantly reduced cumulative N2O emissions by 18.3% (P<0.05). Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA)-amoA and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB)-amoA were very significantly negatively correlated with N2O flux (P<0.01). N2O flux was significantly negatively correlated with nosZ gene abundance (P<0.05). This indicated that N2O emission may have mainly resulted from the denitrification process. In the early stage of pepper growth, biochar significantly reduced N2O emissions by reducing the value of (nirK+nirS)/nosZ, whereas in the late stage of pepper growth, the value of (nirK+nirS)/nosZ of the B treatment was higher than that of the CON treatment, resulting in higher N2O flux in the B treatment. Therefore, biochar amendment could not only increase vegetable production in tropical areas but also reduce N2O emissions, which can be used as a new strategy to improve soil fertility in Hainan Province and other tropical areas. |
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