| 山西野生连翘生长地土壤PAHs污染特征及风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1182 全文点击 423 投稿时间：2022-05-31 修订日期：2022-12-14 |
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| 中文关键词 多环芳烃(PAHs) 连翘 污染土壤 来源 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Forsythia suspensa contaminated soil source risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 山西是我国道地药材连翘的主产地之一，为探明连翘生长区土壤的安全性，在连翘成熟期从山西东南部野生连翘生长区采集了70个表层（0~25 cm）土壤样品，采用化学提取和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析方法，探讨了样品中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量与组成特征；利用比值法确定了PAHs的来源，并通过计算污染土壤PAHs的苯并［a］芘（BaP）等效毒性当量评估了其潜在风险.结果表明，样点土壤PAHs总量（Σ16PAHs）的平均值为1.85 μg ·g-1，3环PAHs的占比最高（平均值为76.7%），其中，3环的菲（Phe）和蒽（Ant）的样点检出率为100%；该生长区PAHs主要来源于空气传输与沉降的煤、生物质燃烧和车辆排放的污染物；所有样点土壤Σ16PAHs均达到了Maliszewska-Kordybach提出的农用土壤污染水平(Σ16PAHs含量>0.2 μg ·g-1)，41.4%的样点达到了重度污染水平（Σ16PAHs含量>1.0 μg ·g-1），其中，10.0%的样点土壤BaP的含量大于我国农用土壤筛选值（0.55 μg ·g-1）；11.4%的样点土壤16PAHs （ΣBaPeq16PAHs）和8种致癌性PAHs (ΣBaPeq8BPAHs)的BaP等效毒性当量和均超过农用土壤筛选值（0.55 μg ·g-1）.研究结果表明，山西东南部野生连翘生长区土壤存在一定程度的PAHs污染，潜在的风险不容忽视，有必要加大研究以保障药用植物的安全生产. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Shanxi is one of the main producing areas of Forsythia suspensa in China. In order to explore the safety of the soil in the areas where Forsythia suspensa grows,70 surface (0-25 cm) soil samples were collected from the main growing areas of F. suspensa in the eastsouth of Shanxi Province in July 2017. The concentration and composition characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sample soils were analyzed using chemical extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The diagnostic ratio method was used to determine the source of PAHs in the areas. The potential ecological risk was assessed by using the method of calculating the equivalent carcinogenic concentration of benzo[a]pyrene. The results showed that the average concentration of total PAHs (Σ16PAHs) in all of the soil samples was 1.85 μg·g-1, which was dominated by three ring number PAHs, accounting for 76.7% of the total PAHs. The detection rates of phenanthrene (Phe) and anthracene (Ant) were both 100% of all the sample sites. The soil PAHs in the wild F. suspensa growing areas mainly originated from coal, biomass burning, and motor vehicle exhaust emissions, which resulted from air transport and sedimentation pathways. In all of the sample sites, the concentration of Σ16PAHs the limit standard level (0.2 μg·g-1) of Maliszewska-Kordybach for agricultural soil pollution and exceeded the soil heavy pollution level limit value (1.0 μg·g-1) in 41.4% of the sample sites. The concentration of BaP was above the risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land (0.55 μg·g-1) in 10% of all the soil samples. A total of 11.4% of the sample soil ΣBaPeq16PAHs and ΣBaPeq8BPAHs exceeded the agricultural soil screening value (0.55 μg·g-1). These results indicate that the contamination of PAHs was at a detectable level in the soil of wild F. suspensa growing in Shanxi, and thus their potential ecological risks should not be ignored. It is necessary to enhance the research regarding these areas to ensure the safe production of medicinal plants. |
