| 有机物料投入对喀斯特地区土壤磷素赋存形态与含phoD基因细菌群落的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1630 全文点击 538 投稿时间：2021-11-30 修订日期：2022-01-23 |
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| 中文关键词 喀斯特地区土壤 有机物料 磷素有效性 含phoD基因细菌群落 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词 karst soil organic materials phosphorus availability phoD-harboring bacterial community soil microorganism |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 夏鑫 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | xiaxin191@mails.ucas.ac.cn | | 乔航 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 孙琪 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 刘坤平 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态试验站, 广西 547100 | | | 陈香碧 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 何寻阳 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 胡亚军 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410125 | yjhu@isa.ac.cn | | 苏以荣 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | yrsu@isa.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 针对喀斯特地区有机物料盈余、土壤养分贫瘠和易流失的特点，设置长期有机物料还田小区定位试验，试验包括6个处理：不施肥对照（CK）、无机肥（NPK）、无机肥+玉米秸秆（NPKS）、无机肥+农家肥（NPKM）、无机肥+滤泥（NPKL）和无机肥+甘蔗灰（NPKA）.研究不同有机物料投入对土壤磷赋存形态和磷活化功能微生物（含有机磷矿化基因细菌）群落结构的影响.通过3 a断续的观测，结果表明，土壤全磷（TP）、速效磷（Olsen-P）和二钙磷（Ca2-P）含量呈逐年增加趋势，而氯化钙磷（CaCl2-P）含量呈先降低再增加的趋势；与不施肥对照相比，有机物料投入尤其是滤泥配施能显著提高土壤全氮（TN）、TP、Olsen-P、CaCl2-P和Ca2-P含量，其次是甘蔗灰和农家肥配施处理；相关分析表明，CaCl2-P、Ca2-P和Olsen-P均与土壤交换性钙（Ca-ex）含量显著正相关；冗余分析（RDA）表明土壤TN、Ca-ex、有机碳（SOC）和土壤全钾（TK）含量是影响土壤磷组分的关键因子.高通量测序分析含有机磷矿化基因（含phoD基因）细菌群落结果表明，与不施肥对照相比，秸秆还田配施无机肥处理显著增加土壤含phoD基因细菌丰富度，但各处理间含phoD基因细菌群落结构无显著差异.RDA分析结果表明，土壤Ca-ex、TK、Olsen-P、pH和SOC是驱动含phoD基因细菌群落变化的关键因子.总体上看，无机肥配施滤泥、甘蔗灰和农家肥是广西喀斯特地区农田土壤较为合适的养分管理方式.研究可为喀斯特地区有机废弃资源利用与土壤磷素管理提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Efficient utilization of organic materials based on the rich resources in the karst region can promote soil fertility. Microorganisms have a crucial influence on soil phosphorus availability. phoD is considered to be the encoding phosphatase gene that can reflect the hydrolysis of organophosphorus compounds for the soil bacterial community. Molecular analysis of the phoD-harboring bacterial gene provides insight into promoting soil phosphorus availability under different fertilization managements. However, the effects of organic materials on soil phosphorus fractions associated with phoD-harboring bacterial communities are poorly understood. This study comprehensively investigated the effects of organic materials on soil phosphorus availability and explored environmental drivers of phoD-harboring bacteria in the Karst region. Here, six treatments were designed in the field as follows:non-fertilized control (CK), inorganic fertilization (NPK), inorganic fertilization combined with straw (NPKS), inorganic fertilization combined with manure (NPKM), inorganic fertilization combined with sludge (NPKL), and inorganic fertilization combined with sugarcane ash (NPKA). The phoD-harboring bacterial community in Karst region soil was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the content of total P (TP), Olsen-P, and Ca2-P increased with the years after organic material application, whereas the content of CaCl2-P first decreased and then increased. Compared to that under the CK treatment, organic material application, especially NPKL treatment, significantly increased soil total nitrogen (TN), TP, Olsen-P, CaCl2-P, and Ca2-P contents, followed by those in the NPKA and NPKM treatments. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of CaCl2-P, Ca2-P, and Olsen-P were significantly positively correlated with soil exchangeable calcium (Ca-ex) content. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that TN, Ca-ex, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total potassium (TK) contents were the key factors affecting soil P fractions. Using high-throughput sequencing, we found that only NPKS increased the richness of phoD-harboring bacteria compared to that under the control treatment. No significant difference was observed in the phoD-harboring bacterial community among all treatments. The RDA model selected the Ca-ex, TK, Olsen-P, pH, and SOC as the key environmental predictors for the phoD-harboring bacterial community. In summary, soil phosphorus availability can be improved through the input of organic materials and inorganic fertilizer combined with manure, sludge, and ash. These additions were suitable for nutrient management and sustainable development in farmland soil in the Karst region of Guangxi. |
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