| 热带气旋对珠三角秋季臭氧污染的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2093 全文点击 606 投稿时间：2021-09-18 修订日期：2021-11-09 |
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| 中文关键词 热带气旋 臭氧污染 珠三角(PRD) 气象因素 秋季 |
| 英文关键词 tropical cyclone ozone pollution Pearl River Delta(PRD) meteorological factors autumn |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵伟 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | zhaowei@scies.org | | 吕梦瑶 | 国家气象中心, 北京 100081 | | | 卢清 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | luqing@scies.org | | 高博 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | | | 梁小明 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | | | 刘明 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | | | 孙家仁 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | | | 陈来国 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室, 广州 510530 | | | 范绍佳 | 中山大学大气科学学院, 广州 510275 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于2015~2020年西北太平洋热带气旋路径资料、珠三角气象观测资料和臭氧监测数据，分析了西行热带气旋（A型）、东海转向热带气旋（B型）、近海影响热带气旋（C型）和远海热带气旋（D型）这4类热带气旋对珠三角臭氧浓度的影响.结果表明，在A型热带气旋影响下，区域臭氧浓度超标频率变化不大；在B型热带气旋影响下，珠三角臭氧超标频率明显升高；在C型热带气旋影响下，区域臭氧超标频率有较明显的升高，但是升高幅度弱于B型热带气旋；D型热带气旋远离中国大陆，对珠三角臭氧浓度影响很小.当A型或C型热带气旋发生时，珠三角区域臭氧日最大8 h平均浓度（MDA8）平均值的平均增幅在5 μg·m-3左右，部分城市臭氧MDA8可能下降；B型热带气旋发生时，区域臭氧MDA8平均增幅为19 μg·m-3，各城市臭氧浓度均明显增加，其中珠海、江门两市臭氧MDA8平均增幅较大，增幅超过了20 μg·m-3.相对来说，珠三角西部城市臭氧浓度受热带气旋的影响更大.当发生B型热带气旋时，珠三角地区太阳辐射增强、日照变长、云量减少、气温升高和相对湿度降低，同时高空下沉气流增多，这些因素共同促进地面臭氧浓度升高.当发生A型或C型热带气旋时，气象要素变化并不完全有利于臭氧浓度升高，甚至可能出现降雨等不利条件，导致区域臭氧超标的频率小于B型热带气旋.此外，受热带气旋影响，珠三角西部城市的日照时数和气温的增加幅度均比东部城市大，从而更有利于西部区域臭氧浓度的升高. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on the tropical cyclone track data in the northwest Pacific Ocean from 2015 to 2020, meteorological observation data, and ozone concentration monitoring data in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the impacts of four tropical cyclones, namely the westbound tropical cyclone (type A), East China Sea tropical cyclone (type B), offshore tropical cyclone (type C), and offshore tropical cyclone (type D), on ozone concentration in the PRD were analyzed. The results showed that:under the influence of the type A tropical cyclone, the risk of regional ozone concentration exceeding the standard exhibited little change. Under the influence of the type B tropical cyclone, the risk of ozone exceeding the standard in the PRD was obviously increased. Under the influence of the type C tropical cyclone, the risk of regional ozone exceeding the standard obviously increased, but the increase was weaker than that of the type B tropical cyclone. The type D tropical cyclone was far away from the Chinese mainland and had little influence on ozone concentration in the PRD. When the type A or type C tropical cyclones occurred, the average daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration (MDA8) in the PRD region increased by approximately 5 μg·m-3, and the ozone MDA8 in some cities may have decreased. When the type B tropical cyclone occurred, the regional ozone MDA8 increased by 19 μg·m-3 on average, and the ozone concentration in all cities increased significantly. Among them, the average increase in ozone MDA8 in Zhuhai and Jiangmen was relatively large, with an increase of greater than 20 μg·m-3. Generally speaking, the ozone concentration in cities in the western PRD was more affected by tropical cyclones. When the type B tropical cyclone occurred, solar radiation increased, sunshine duration lengthened, cloud cover decreased, air temperature rose, and relative humidity decreased in the PRD, all of which were beneficial to photochemical reactions. Meanwhile, downward flow increased in the boundary layer, and downward flow transported high-concentration ozone to the ground, which promoted the increase in ozone concentration on the ground. When type A or type C tropical cyclones occurred, the change in meteorological conditions was not entirely conducive to the increase in ozone concentration, and in some cases, even adverse meteorological conditions such as rainfall occurred, which led to the risk of regional ozone exceeding the standard being less than that of the type B tropical cyclone. Affected by tropical cyclones, sunshine hours and air temperature in western cities of the PRD increased more than those in eastern cities, which was more conducive to ozone generation. |
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