| 浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配改良碱化土壤效果及提高油葵产量 |
| 摘要点击 2474 全文点击 691 投稿时间：2021-03-09 修订日期：2021-05-17 |
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| 中文关键词 浒苔生物炭 木醋液 碱化土壤改良 土壤盐分 土壤酶 作物产量 |
| 英文关键词 Enteromorpha prolifera biochar wood vinegar takyric solonetz improvement soil salinity soil enzymes crop yield |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配改良碱化土壤效果及提高作物产量，以龟裂碱土为例，通过田间试验研究不同生物炭施加量（0、1%、2%和4%）与不同木醋液稀释倍数（0、2%）复配对土壤pH、碱化度、全盐、容重、速效磷、有机质、盐分离子、油葵生长和产量的影响，不施加生物炭和木醋液视为对照（CK）.结果表明，2%浒苔生物炭+2%木醋液（V2BC2）改良龟裂碱土的综合效果最佳；在最佳处理条件下：①浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能改善土壤理化性质，具体表现为作物生长期内土壤平均pH、碱化度和全盐含量显著降低，较CK分别降低12.14%、40.63%和42.75%，土壤容重显著减小，较CK减小20.78%；②浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能显著降低土壤Na+、Cl-和SO42-含量，较CK分别降低47.17%、45.32%和33.33%，提高土壤K+和Ca2+含量，其他离子含量的差异不显著；③浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配显著提高土壤养分含量及有效性，增强土壤酶活性，与CK相比，速效磷提高2.88倍，有机质提高58.76%，土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性分别提高0.92、1.02和2.29倍；④油葵产量在V2BC2处理时最高，为3546.7 kg·hm-2，较CK增产2325.3 kg·hm-2.因此，浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能进一步提高盐碱土改良效果及作物产量. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of Enteromorpha prolifera biochar combined with wood vinegar on takyric solonetz improvement and crop yield. Different biochar amounts[0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% (ω)] were studied on the basis of 0% and 2% (φ) wood vinegar, wherein no biochar or wood vinegar was applied in the control (CK).Soil pH, alkalinity, exchange sodium percentage (ESP), salinity, bulk density, Olsen-P, organic matter, soil salt concentration, and yield of oil sunflower were analyzed. The results showed that first, the comprehensive effects of 2% wood vinegar and 2% biochar co-application (V2BC2) were greatest; in comparison to that in the CK, the soil pH, ESP, salinity, and bulk density significantly decreased by 12.14%, 40.63%, 42.75%, and 20.78%, respectively. Second, the content of Na+, Cl-, and SO42- significantly decreased by 47.17%, 45.32%, and 33.33%, respectively, compared with those in the CK. In the soil layer of 0-40 cm under the treatment of biochar combined with wood vinegar, however, K+ and Ca2+ content increased. In addition, there was little variation in the remaining ions compared with those in the CK. Third, Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and wood vinegar co-application significantly increased the soil nutrient content and availability and enhanced microbial activity. Compared to that under the CK, Olsen-P and organic matter increased by 2.88 times and 58.76%, respectively, and the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase, and invertase increased by 0.92 times, 1.02 times, and 2.29 times, respectively. Finally, the highest crop yield was 3546.7 kg·hm-2 under the V2BC2 treatment, which was 2325.3 kg·hm-2 more than that under the CK. Therefore, Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and wood vinegar co-application can further strengthen the improvement of takyric solonetz and crop yield. |
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