| 两湖盆地冬季区域大气颗粒物污染特征及独特的风场和下垫面影响 |
| 摘要点击 2299 全文点击 689 投稿时间：2021-03-06 修订日期：2021-03-28 |
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| 中文关键词 两湖盆地 大气颗粒物 气象要素 地形 下垫面 |
| 英文关键词 Twain-Hu Basin atmospheric particulate matter meteorological elements terrain underlying surface |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 朱燕 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | zhuyan620@163.com | | 赵天良 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | tlzhao@nuist.edu.cn | | 白永清 | 中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所, 暴雨监测预警湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430205 | | | 徐家平 | 江苏省气候中心, 南京 210044 | | | 孙晓芸 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 胡未央 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 常嘉成 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 杨婕 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | | | 朱从祯 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室, 南京 210044 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为认识近年来长江流域中游两湖（湖南-湖北）盆地大气环境变化特征，本文利用两湖盆地2015~2019年冬季近地面PM2.5和PM10观测数据，结合风速、地形和植被指数等资料，探讨两湖盆地冬季大气颗粒物PM2.5和PM10的变化特征及其与风速、地形和下垫面的关联.结果表明：①两湖盆地2015~2019年冬季PM2.5污染频发，其中两湖盆地西北部的襄阳和荆门的冬季平均分别多达62 d和61 d出现PM2.5污染（PM2.5>75 μg·m-3），襄阳重污染（PM2.5>150 μg·m-3）多达19 d，表明两湖盆地是长江流域中游地区一个区域性PM2.5污染中心.②在空间上，两湖盆地污染呈现出西北重东南轻、城市群污染较重的特征，这主要与冬季风驱动的大气污染物的区域传输和两湖盆地城市地区的强排放有关.③近地面风速与PM2.5和PM10地面浓度变化呈现特殊的"U"型非线性关系，PM2.5和PM10浓度拐点值分别为153 μg·m-3和210 μg·m-3，揭示了两湖盆地局地大气颗粒物累积主导了轻/中度污染，大气污染物区域传输决定了重度污染的独特区域特征.④两湖盆地冬季PM2.5和PM10地面浓度与地形高度和植被指数均呈显著负相关，反映了两湖盆地地形和城市化下垫面变化的大气环境效应. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the recent characteristics of atmospheric environmental changes in the Twain-Hu(Hunan-Hubei) Basin, including the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, this paper uses near-surface PM2.5 and PM10 observational data for the Twain-Hu Basin in the winters of 2015 to 2019, combined with wind-speed, topography, the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), and other datasets. The results show that:① PM2.5 pollution occurred frequently in the winters of 2015-2019 in the Twain-Hu Basin, and Xiangyang and Jingmen in the western part of the basin, experience PM2.5 pollution on an average of 62 and 61 days in winter(PM2.5>75 μg·m-3). And the heavy pollution days in Xiangyang reached 19 more days(PM2.5>150 μg·m-3), indicating that the Twain-Hu Basin is an air pollution center in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; ② Spatially, pollution in the Twain-Hu Basin is heavier in the northwest than in the southeast, and in the urban agglomeration, which is mainly related to the regional transport of air pollutants by the winter monsoon and the high levels of emissions from urban areas; ③ A "U-shaped" nonlinear relationship was observed between near-surface wind speeds and PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. The inflection points of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were 153 and 210 μg·m-3, respectively. This implies that the accumulation of local atmospheric particulate matter in the Twain-Hu Basin dominates light/medium pollution, while the regional transport of air pollutants dominates period of severe pollution; and ④ PM2.5 and PM10 in winter were significantly negatively correlated with terrain height and the NDVI, which reflects the atmospheric environmental effects of topography and urbanization. |
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