| 无机态氮素转化机制及水土体氮源识别方法 |
| 摘要点击 2068 全文点击 1025 投稿时间：2020-01-06 修订日期：2020-03-21 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 氮素 硝酸盐 氮同位素 识别 水土 原生污染 |
| 英文关键词 N nitrate nitrogen isotopes identification water and soil primary pollution |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 氮素在生物生命活动中起着至关重要的作用，是有机分子的基本组成元素，也是土壤的主要养分.对于氮污染的研究首先要明确各种氮形态转化机制，这是解决各种氮科学问题的基础，也是研究者容易忽略的重点.本文论述了氮素在生态系统中的转化过程及作用机制的基础，归纳总结了近年来国内外有关水土中氮源分析的研究方法及氮同位素分馏作用，重点综述了地表水及地下水体中氮源识别方法与应用，包括定性识别和模型识别方法.指出利用水化学方法与多种同位素方法相结合能够有效识别水土氮污染来源.针对传统亚硝化反应中氧原子来源识别中的问题，提出了反应过程的现代观点，解释了二次氧化反应过程中δ18O-NO3-的富集原理.提出盆地含水层中原生铵态氮对地下水污染具有重要贡献，并给出了新的研究设想. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Nitrogen plays a vital role in biological activities as the basic element of organic molecules and the main nutrient of soil. In the study of nitrogen pollution, the first step is to understand the transformation mechanism of various nitrogen forms. Based on the transformation process and the mechanism of nitrogen in the ecosystem, this review summarizes the research methods of nitrogen source analysis and nitrogen isotope fractionation in soil and water, and categorically reviews the applications of nitrogen source identification in surface water and groundwater. We showed that it is more effective to identify the sources of soil and water nitrogen pollution by combining hydrochemical methods with the multi-isotope approach. The importance of primary nitrogen sources should also be quantified to study groundwater pollution. A new approach to determine the source of oxygen atoms during nitrosation was also presented, and the enrichment principle of δ18O-NO3- during secondary oxidation was explained. Finally, the contribution of primary ammonium nitrogen to groundwater pollution was discussed, and innovative research ideas were provided. |
