| 2007~2016年上海颗粒物浓度特征与气候背景异同分析 |
| 摘要点击 2524 全文点击 902 投稿时间：2019-04-24 修订日期：2019-08-02 |
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| 中文关键词 高浓度污染 气候背景 异同 大气环流 上海 |
| 英文关键词 high concentration pollution climatic background similarities and differences atmospheric circulation Shanghai |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于上海地区2006~2016年逐日PM10浓度数据以及同期气象要素（风、气温等）、大气稳定度、逆温数据和高空大气环流数据，分析了2007~2016年上海地区颗粒物浓度变化特征和冬季气候背景的异同，并建立多元线性逐步回归方程，同时选取颗粒物高浓度年份和低浓度年份，对比分析高空大气环流形势的差异.结果表明，上海地区颗粒物年平均浓度呈现波动式下降趋势，而冬季呈现出两头高、中间低形态.PM10与平均风速、20：00混合层高度负相关，与偏西北风、20：00稳定类、20：00逆温的出现频率及平均气温正相关.当冬季我国北部500 hPa高度场合成为正距平，容易形成暖冬，从而引起高浓度颗粒物污染；而当500 hPa高度场为负距平，容易引起冷空气频繁南下，导致气温偏低，容易造成PM10浓度相对偏低.850 hPa风场异常为偏东风，且风速偏大，容易造成PM10浓度相对偏低. |
| 英文摘要 |
| We use daily aerosol particulate matter<10 μm (PM10) concentration data from 2006 to 2016 in Shanghai along with meteorological elements (wind and temperature), atmospheric stability, temperature inversion, and upper atmosphere circulation data, to analyze the variation characteristics of the PM10 concentrations and differences of the winter climate background. We establish a multivariate linear stepwise regression equation, and also compare and analyze differences in the upper atmospheric circulation by selecting the years with the highest and lowest PM10 concentrations. The results showed an oscillating downward trend in the annual average concentrations of PM10 in Shanghai, whereas seasonally, PM10 concentrations were relatively high in winter and showed two peaks with a low in between. PM10 concentrations were negatively correlated with the daily average wind speed and the daily mixing layer height at 20:00, and positively correlated with the frequency of northwest wind, the mean daily temperature, and the frequency of stable weathers and thermal inversion at 20:00. When the 500 hPa height field in the northern part of China was a positive anomaly in winter, a warm winter prevailed and led to high PM10 concentrations. When the 500 hPa height field was a negative anomaly, cold air frequently moved southward to result in relatively low temperatures, which caused relatively low PM10 concentrations. When the wind field at 850 hPa was easterly, the wind speed was relatively large and resulted in relatively low PM10 concentrations. |
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