| 不同配比复合材料对农田镉污染土壤的修复效果 |
| 摘要点击 2011 全文点击 594 投稿时间：2019-04-25 修订日期：2019-07-09 |
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| 中文关键词 复合材料 Cd 有效性 小麦 累积分布 |
| 英文关键词 composite material cadmium availability wheat cumulative distribution |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈树兰 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | 18404985108@163.com | | 许晨阳 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
农业部农业环境重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 耿增超 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
农业部农业环境重点实验室, 北京 100081 | gengzengchao@126.com | | 王强 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 祝乐 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 龚园 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | | | 拓卫卫 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过盆栽试验研究了3种不同配比复合材料SC（石灰+有机复混肥以2：3配施）、LS（硫酸亚铁+石灰以1：1配施）和LB（硫酸亚铁+生物炭以1：1、1：2、1：3、1：4和1：5配施）在不同添加量下对土壤Cd的生物有效性、小麦各部位Cd累积分布及产量的影响.结果表明：①添加3种复合材料均显著降低了土壤有效态Cd含量，降幅分别为50.2%~81.8%（SC）、29.4%~48.1%（LS）和18.7%~42.2%（LB）；添加3种复合材料显著提高了土壤pH值，增幅分别为1.37~2.28（SC）、0.41~0.86（LS）和0.14~0.17（LB）个单位.②Cd在小麦各部位的累积分布规律为根 > 叶 > 茎 > 颖壳 > 籽粒，小麦各部位对Cd的转运能力表现为根 > 颖壳 > 茎叶.③与对照相比，添加0.67%的SC显著增产56.4%，添加0.67%的LS显著增产51.2%；添加复合材料LB可显著提高小麦产量，增幅为39.6%~51.2%.④相关分析表明，土壤pH值与土壤有效态Cd、小麦各部位Cd含量呈显著负相关关系；土壤有效态Cd含量与小麦各部位Cd含量呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.711（籽粒）、0.817（颖壳）、0.593（茎）、0.630（叶）和0.622（根）；同时，小麦各部位Cd含量之间也存在显著或极显著正相关关系.⑤综合比较，添加0.93%的SC使土壤pH增幅最大为2.28个单位；土壤有效态Cd含量降幅最大为81.8%.因此，添加0.93%的SC最适用于农田Cd污染土壤的修复治理. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A pot experiment was conducted to study the application effects of three composite materials, namely SC (lime:organic compound fertilizer=2:3), LS (ferrous sulfate:lime=1:1) and LB (ferrous sulfate:biochar in combinations of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5), on soil Cd bioavailability, Cd cumulative distribution in different wheat organs, and wheat yield. The results indicated that:① Addition of composite materials all significantly decreased the soil available Cd content by 50.2%-81.8% (SC), 29.4%-48.1% (LS), and 18.7%-42.2% (LB). Composite materials significantly increased soil pH by 1.37-2.28 (SC), 0.41-0.86 (LS), and 0.14-0.17 (LB) units. ② The Cd cumulative distribution in different wheat organs were in the order of root > leaf > stem > glume > grain. The translocation abilities of Cd in different organs were in the order of root > glume > stem and leaf. ③ Compared with the control, 0.67% SC addition and 0.67% LS addition significantly increased the wheat yields by 56.4% and 51.2%; LB addition significantly increased wheat yield by 39.6% to 51.2%. ④ The correlation analysis showed that soil pH was significantly negatively correlated with soil available Cd and Cd contents in different wheat organs. There were significant positive correlations between soil available Cd and Cd contents in different wheat organs, and the correlation coefficients were 0.711 (grain), 0.817 (glume), 0.593 (stem), 0.630 (leaf) and 0.622 (root). Meanwhile, there is also a significant positive correlation between Cd content in different wheat organs. ⑤ Comprehensively, the addition of 0.93% SC increased soil pH by a maximum of 2.28 units, and the soil available cadmium content was decreased by a maximum of 81.8%. Therefore, adding 0.93% SC was the most suitable treatment for repairing and controlling the Cd pollution in farmland soil. |
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