| 沈阳市降水化学成分及来源分析 |
| 摘要点击 3075 全文点击 1405 投稿时间：2012-08-30 修订日期：2012-11-05 |
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| 中文关键词 降水 化学组成 相对酸度 富集系数 沈阳市 |
| 英文关键词 rainwater chemical composition fractional acidity enrichment factor Shenyang |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 沈阳市2007年降水样品化学组分研究表明,该区降水pH值在 4.89~8.02之间,雨量加权平均值为6.89,与杭州等南方地区相比,沈阳降水中离子浓度比较高,但降水的酸化程度和酸化频率却不高,表明沈阳市整体上降水没有呈现酸化,主要是碱性离子的中和作用. SO42-和Cl-是主要的阴离子,雨量加权平均值为330.00 μeq·L-1和85.05 μeq·L-1,分别占阴离子总量的60.32%和15.55%; Ca2+和NH4+是主要的阳离子,雨量加权平均值为291.17 μeq·L-1和175.13 μeq·L-1,分别占阳离子总量的49.51%和29.78%. 季节变化特征研究表明离子浓度变化呈现秋冬高,春夏低的状态. NF计算结果表明NH4+和Ca2+具有较强的中和能力,而Mg2+和K+的中和能力比较小,相较于NH4+和Ca2+几乎可以忽略不计. 利用富集系数法计算表明,SO42-和NO3-主要来源于人为输入, Cl-主要为海洋输入,NH4+和K+主要来源于土壤和人为活动的输入. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the origin and chemical characteristics of precipitation in Shenyang, about 25 rainwater samples were collected in 2007. The pH of samples varied from 4.89 to 8.02, with the volume-weighted average of 6.89. The results showed that the concentration of the sum of anions and cations in Shenyang was higher than those in southern cities such as Hangzhou, whereas the acidification of rainwater was not very serious in Shenyang. The volume-weighted average concentrations of SO42- and Cl- were 330.00 μeq·L-1 and 85.05 μeq·L-1, with the percent contribution to anions of 60.32% and 15.55%, respectively. Ca2+ and NH4+ were the main cations with contribution of 49.51% and 29.78%, respectively. The seasonal variations of ions showed that the concentrations were higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. Investigations of fractional acidity (FA), neutralization factors (NF), and correlation coefficients among ionic constituents indicated that high pH values were controlled by the neutralization caused by the alkaline materials but not by the absence of acidic materials. Results of NF indicated that NH4+ and Ca2+ were the dominant neutralization substances. Calculation of enrichment factors for rainwater components relative to soil and seawater indicated that SO42- and NO3- were mostly attributed by the anthropogenic activities, 53.1% of Cl- originated from sea sources, and NH4+ and K+ came from the soils and human activities. |
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