| 稻田气溶胶NH3和气体NOx排放在线测定研究 |
| 摘要点击 1942 全文点击 886 投稿时间：2012-02-14 修订日期：2012-05-16 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 气溶胶NH3 气体NOx 稻田 排放通量 排放因子 |
| 英文关键词 aerosol NH3 gas NOx rice field emission flux emission factor |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 气溶胶NH3和气体NOx是大气颗粒物和降水的主要成分,是形成气溶胶的关键物种. 田间集约化氮肥施用是气溶胶NH3和气体NOx的一个重要来源,目前该领域的研究鲜有报道. 2010年5月~2010年10月,在线监测了稻田施用尿素后气溶胶NH3和气体NOx的排放情况. 监测系统的时间分辨率设置为1 h. 在4次稻田施肥试验中,施肥后对气溶胶NH3排放和相应的气象因子连续采样20 d. 在第4次施肥试验中,施肥后连续采样47 d,进而研究气体NOx的排放规律及其与气象因子的关系. 结果表明,气溶胶NH3的排放因子分别为2.6%、5.5%、4.0% 和1.6%,相应的排放通量分别为3.97、2.08、1.52和1.22 kg·hm-2. 温度(空气温度和土壤温度)是影响稻田施肥气溶胶NH3排放的主要因子,而空气湿度和土壤水分对其排放的影响却不明确. 通过分析监测数据可知,稻田施肥后NO2-N排放量与NO-N排放量的比值为9/4,气体NOx的排放因子和排放通量分别为0.14%和0.30 kg·hm-2. 气象因子与气体NOx排放通量的关系也进行了初步探讨. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Aerosol NH3 and gas NOx are the major components in atmospheric particles and precipitation, which are key precursors to form aerosols. The intensive N fertilization in arable land is an important source of aerosol NH3 and gas NOx, which have not been well characterized yet. During May to October in 2010, the characteristics of aerosol NH3and gas NOx emission from rice field after urea application were investigated. The time resolutions of measurements were set to be one hour. The aerosol NH3 emission and metrological factors within 20 d of continuous sampling after fertilization in four experiments were monitored. The experiment on gas NOx emission and metrological factors influencing the emission were carried out from the beginning of the forth test, which lasted for 47 days. Results indicated that the aerosol NH3 emission factors of four tests were 2.6%, 5.5%, 4.0% and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding aerosol NH3 emission flux of four tests were 3.97, 2.08, 1.52 and 1.22 kg·hm-2, respectively. Temperature (air temperature and soil temperature) was found to be the main factor influencing aerosol NH3 emission in rice fields after fertilization, while the impacts of air humidity and soil moisture were not clear. After analyzing the monitoring data, it can be concluded that the ratio of the emission amount of NO2-N and NO-N in rice fields after fertilization was 9/4; the emission factor and the emission flux of gas NOx were 0.14% and 0.30 kg·hm-2,respectively. The relationship between metrological factors and gas NOx emission flux was also examined. |
|
|
|
