| 厦门同安湾养殖海域有机锡化合物的污染历史及其来源分析 |
| 摘要点击 2057 全文点击 1637 投稿时间：2010-08-05 修订日期：2010-10-19 |
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| 中文关键词 沉积物柱样 有机锡 同安湾 海水养殖 沉积记录 来源 |
| 英文关键词 sediment core organotin compounds Tong'an Bay aquaculture sedimentary record sources |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过对厦门同安湾养殖海域沉积物柱样（柱深180 cm）中6种不同形态有机锡化合物（丁基锡和苯基锡）的GC-FPD定量分析测定，并结合210Pb同位素定年，追溯了该地区近几十年来有机锡污染的沉积历史（1931～2007年）.研究表明，该海域从20世纪50年代（0～80 cm段）开始出现有机锡化合物污染，总有机锡化合物的含量（干重）在3.43～69.6 ng·g-1之间，平均值为15.0 ng·g-1，其中丁基锡化合物含量分布范围为2.51～68.8 ng·g-1（平均值14.6 ng·g-1），约占总有机锡含量的97.4%，降解产物以一丁基锡为主要形态；苯基锡仅占2.58%.与世界其他港口海湾沉积物中有机锡的污染相比，厦门同安湾丁基锡化合物的污染处于较低水平.该养殖区域以丁基锡污染为主，推测来源于早期的船舶防污漆，苯基锡的少量检出可能来源于船舶防护漆使用时的副产品.同时，该海域沉积物中有机锡化合物的含量和组成分布特征，表明其可能受到水动力条件和海上建筑、船舶防污漆泄漏的双重影响，而海水养殖造成的影响也不容忽视.有机锡化合物的沉积历史分析表明，柱样中有机锡化合物含量的垂直分布特征，较好重现了该地域有机锡化合物的使用历史和在一定程度上反映了同安湾海域功能区划的改变. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Six organotin compounds (OTs) in core sediment collected from aquaculture water of Tong'an Bay, Xiamen were detected by GC-FPD. Based on 210Pb-dating data, the pollution history (from 1931 to 2007) of OTs in this area was reconstructed and their possible sources were also discussed. The results showed that the inputs of organotin compounds in this sea area began from 1950's (0-80 cm). The vertical concentrations of OTs ranged from 3.43-69.6 ng·g-1 (dry weight), the mean value was 15.0 ng·g-1. Butyltins concentrations ranged from 2.51-68.8 ng·g-1 and the average concentration was 14.6 ng·g-1 which accounted for 97.4% of total OTs, while phenyltins just accounted for 2.58%. It is indicated that the aquaculture waters of Tong'an Bay were mainly contaminated by butyltin compounds, inferring that they may come from the early antifouling paint of ships. The distributions of OTs concentrations and compositions may be related to the complex influence of the hydrodynamic conditions, antifouling paint leakages from ships and marine structures, and aquaculture. Compared to the other harbors and bays, the magnitude of OTs pollution in the sediment from Tong'an Bay was at the low midpoint on a global scale. Moreover, the sedimentary history showed that, vertical OTs distributions were in good agreement with the usage history of organotin compounds as antifouling paints and the changes of the major function regionalization in the surrounding area. |
