| 施用鸡粪和猪粪对2种土壤As、Cu和Zn有效性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2214 全文点击 2471 投稿时间：2007-09-06 修订日期：2007-10-23 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 禽畜粪 砷 铜 锌 通菜 植物有效性 |
| 英文关键词 animal manure arsenic copper zinc water spinach phytoavailability |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 在水稻土和赤红壤中分别以质量分数2%和4%施入含As、Cu和Zn的鸡粪和猪粪，以不施肥为对照（CK）进行通菜盆栽试验，研究施入鸡、猪粪对土壤As、Cu和Zn有效性的影响.结果表明，施用鸡、猪粪几乎均比CK显著提高通菜地上部生物量，而且水稻土中生物量显著高于赤红壤.施用粪肥显著提高通菜As含量和As吸收量，呈高量处理>低量处理、猪粪>鸡粪处理且在水稻土>赤红壤的规律.除水稻土中Cu含量外，施用粪肥也显著提高通菜Cu、Zn含量及吸收量.通菜收获后，所有处理土壤总As含量比试验前稍微降低、有效As含量及有效As占总As质量分数则大幅下降，但几乎所有粪肥处理土壤Cu和Zn的总含量、有效含量及有效质量分数均提高.与CK相比，粪肥处理土壤总As、有效As分别提高0.3～3.0 mg·kg-1和0.011～0.034 mg·kg-1，有效As质量分数增加0.033～0.178个百分点；总Cu、有效Cu提高3.1～30.4 mg·kg-1和5.2～19.4 mg·kg-1，有效Cu质量分数增加1.2～34.1个百分点；土壤总Zn、有效Zn提高-10.6～79.6 mg·kg-1和4.0～65.9 mg·kg-1，有效Zn质量分数增加1.0～64.2个百分点.如以土壤重金属有效含量增量及有效质量分数提高来评价其有效性变化，则粪肥提高土壤As、Cu和Zn有效性的作用为高量处理>低量处理且在赤红壤中作用大于水稻土. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Animal manures contain higher As, Cu and Zn since organoarsenicals, copper and zinc additives are widely used in modern intensive animal production. A pot experiment in water spinach was conducted to investigate As, Cu and Zn bioavailability in a paddy soil (PS) and a lateritic red soil (LRS) applied with 2% and 4% (mass fraction) chicken manure (CM) and pig manure (PM), respectively. Soils without any fertilizer were included as the checks (CK). The results show that nearly all treatments with manures significantly increase the biomass of the above-ground part of water spinach compared to the CK. The biomass in PS is significantly greater than that in LRS. The As concentrations and uptake rates of water spinach are significantly enhanced by manure application, showing the rule of higher rates>lower rates, PM>CM and in PS>in LRS. Except for the Cu concentrations in PS, manure application significantly increases the Cu, Zn concentrations and uptake rates as well. Soil total As in all treatments slightly reduce, available As and percents of available As over total As (PAs) considerably decrease after the harvest of water spinach, but total Cu, Zn and available Cu, Zn and percents of available Cu and Zn over total Cu and Zn (PCu and PZn) nearly in all manure\|amended treatments increase. Soil total As increases by 0.3-3.0 mg·kg-1, available As by 0.011-0.034 mg·kg-1, the PAs by 0.033-0.178 percentage points in all treatments with manures, as compared to the CK. Soil total Cu, available Cu and the PCu increases by 3.1-30.4 mg·kg-1, 5.2-19.4 mg·kg-1 and 1.2-34.1 percentage points, respectively. Those of Zn increase by -10.6-79.6 mg·kg-1, 4.0-65.9 mg·kg-1 and 1.0-64.2 percentage points. We assume that the bioavailability of soil heavy metals be evaluated by the increment of available concentration and percent available concentration over total concentration, higher rate manure application improves the bioavailability of soil As, Cu and Zn than lower rate one and in LRS than in PS. |
|
|
|
