| 饮用水处理流程中有机提取物的毒性变化规律 |
| 摘要点击 1478 全文点击 1577 投稿时间：2000-05-12 |
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| 中文关键词 饮用水 水处理 急性毒性 致突变性 |
| 英文关键词 drinking water water treatment acute toxicity mutagenicity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用Q67淡水发光菌发光抑制试验和Ames试验(2.5L/P为水样最高浓度 ) ,对北京第九自来水厂不同原水及不同水处理工艺流程出水有机浓集物进行了急性毒性和致突变性检验 .用GC/MS技术对优先污染物进行化学分析 .Ames试验结果表明 ,九厂水源水无致突变性 ,加氯主要导致生成直接和间接移码型致突变性物质及间接碱基置换型致突变性物质 .絮凝剂的加入会导致碱基置换型致突变性明显增强 .煤砂池和炭滤池能有效去除致突变性物质 .二次加氯并未引起明显致突变性改变 .管网水中未检出致突变性 .各处理工段中水样的急性毒性变化趋势和致突变性的变化趋势基本一致 ,毒性最强点出现在机械搅拌澄清池 .对水中优先污染物的测定表明 ,不存在多氯联苯污染 .机械搅拌澄清池和管网水中二甲苯、萘和酚类化合物浓度升高 ,但浓度均在亚 μg/L水平 ,不足以引起致突变性 . |
| 英文摘要 |
| Source water samples and outlet water samples from different treatment processes of the Beijing Ninth Water Works were concentrated in situ with XAD-2 filled columns. GC-MS analysis and toxic assessment including acute toxicity evaluation by luminescent bacterium bioassay(Q67 strains)and mutagenicity assessment by Ames test(TA98 and TA100 strains with and without S9 addition)were conducted on these samples.The results showed that prechlorination caused the direct and indirect frame shift mutagenicity as well as indirect base pair substitute mutagenicity.Addition of coagulant may increase the base pair substitute mutagenic effects greatly.Sand and coal filtration and granular activated carbon filtration could effectively remove most of the formed mutagens.The rechlorination do not obviously increase the mutagenic effects.No mutagenic effect was observed in tap water.Acute toxicity showed the same variation with that of mutagenicity during the treatment processes.Sample from flocculation treatment process was found to be the most toxic sample.Results of GC-MS analysis showed that water in this plant was not contaminated by PCB.Concentrations of toluene,naphthalene and phenol increased in flocculation treatment process and in tap water.However,the concentrations of these substances were at the level of μg/L,therefore,were not high enough to cause mutagenicity. |
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