| 某些剧毒有机废料在高温至超临界水中的处理实验 |
| 摘要点击 676 全文点击 1640 投稿时间：1997-11-18 |
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| 中文关键词 二氨基乙二肟 氨基氰 超临界水 氮杂环化合物 热解作用 水解作用 有机废料 |
| 英文关键词 diaminoglyoxime cyanamide supercritical water cyclic azine compound pyrolysis hydrolysis organic waste |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了探索毒害有机废料的处理条件和反应机制,用二氨基乙二肟,氨基氰和蜜胺作初始试料,在温度150-400℃,压力100-700×105Pa的条件下进行了水热实验研究,部分密胺实验还添加了H2O2.实验结果表明,在水热条件下,尤其在超临界水中,二氨基乙二肟和氨基氰既可以通过热解作用而聚合成较高分子量的氮杂环混合物,进而水解转化成CO2和NH3,也可以直接发生水解作用,生成CO2和NH3.添加氧化剂可以大大提高对高热稳定性的有机废料如密胺的处理速度。水解反应的可能机制是水的亲核加合。 |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore processing conditions and reacting mechanism of priority organic wastes,diaminoglyoxime,cyanamide and melamine which were used as starting materials in this paper were conducted hydrothermal experimental studies under conditions at temperatures of 150—400℃ and pressures of 100—700×105Pa.H2O2 was added in some runs of melamine.Experimental results indicated that under hydrothermal conditions,especially in supercritical water,diaminoglyoxime and cyanamide can be converted into NH3 and CO2,either through direct hydrolysis or through pyrolysis.In the second case,they firstly polymerize into a mixture of higher molecular weight cyclic azines before ultimately hydrolysis.Supercritical water can efficiently destroy those organic wastes which cantain hazardous or toxic materials and can transform them into nonpoisonous NH3 and CO2,etc.To process those hydrothermally stable organic wastes in hydrothermolysis,a few oxidizers can be appropriately added so that priority organic wastes are able to transform more quickly,more completely.Prossible mechanism of hydrolysis reaction is nucleophilic addition of water. |
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